US20120195405A1 - Mobile X-Ray Unit - Google Patents

Mobile X-Ray Unit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20120195405A1
US20120195405A1 US13/335,286 US201113335286A US2012195405A1 US 20120195405 A1 US20120195405 A1 US 20120195405A1 US 201113335286 A US201113335286 A US 201113335286A US 2012195405 A1 US2012195405 A1 US 2012195405A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ray
applicator
mobile
collimator
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/335,286
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bas Woudstra
Wim de Jager
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nucletron Operations BV
Original Assignee
Nucletron Operations BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nucletron Operations BV filed Critical Nucletron Operations BV
Priority to US13/335,286 priority Critical patent/US20120195405A1/en
Assigned to NUCLETRON B.V. reassignment NUCLETRON B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAGER, WIM DE, WOUDSTRA, Bas
Assigned to NUCLETRON B.V. reassignment NUCLETRON B.V. CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE TYPOGRAPHICAL ERROR IN THE SECOND INVENTOR'S LAST NAME PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 028038, FRAME 0363. Assignors: DE JAGER, Wim, WOUDSTRA, Bas
Publication of US20120195405A1 publication Critical patent/US20120195405A1/en
Assigned to NUCLETRON OPERATIONS B.V. reassignment NUCLETRON OPERATIONS B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NUCLETRON B.V.
Priority to US14/971,981 priority patent/US9561009B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4405—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis the apparatus being movable or portable, e.g. handheld or mounted on a trolley
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/06—Diaphragms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N2005/002—Cooling systems
    • A61N2005/005—Cooling systems for cooling the radiator
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A61N2005/1056—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam by projecting a visible image of the treatment field
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
    • A61N2005/1091—Kilovoltage or orthovoltage range photons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • A61N5/1083—Robot arm beam systems

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to a medical care unit, and, more particularly, a mobile X-ray unit.
  • the present disclosure further relates to a method of manufacturing the mobile X-ray unit, and a method of delivering an X-ray beam from a mobile X-ray unit.
  • Non-proliferative cancers which are defined by substantially superficial lesions, may be treated in different ways.
  • non-proliferative cancers may be treated surgically.
  • Surgery may have certain drawbacks, such as, for example, long waiting lists, complications related to post-treatment care, and risk of infection.
  • patients may undergo irradiation using electrons of soft X-rays. Irradiation may have an advantage of being non-invasive and of a short duration (a treatment session may be as short as 2 to 4 minutes). It will be appreciated that usually the integral treatments using radiotherapeutic techniques may require a number of sessions.
  • Existing X-ray units include an X-ray source and a filtering device having a plurality of filters rotatably arranged with respect to a focal point of the X-ray tube for changing filtering characteristics on demand.
  • the plurality of filters are arranged in a filtering device, which is transversely arranged with respect to a longitudinal axis of the X-ray tube.
  • the terms ‘mobile’ and ‘portable’ in the context of the present application may be interchanged as these terms equally relate to an easily moved or transported device, for example, a device which may be moved or transported by a single individual.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may include a target and a collimator, where a distance between the target and the collimator may be in a range between 4 and 10 cm. It is found that by setting a distance between the X-ray target and the collimator at a distance in the range between 4 and 10 cm, and more preferably at a distance in the range between 5 and 6 cm, may improve the X-ray beam characteristics. In particular, a distance of 4 to 10 cm between the X-ray target and the collimator, and preferably a distance of 5 to 6 cm, may reduce the focal size, thereby providing an improved beam flatness as well as providing a sharpened penumbra. For example, for the target-collimator distance of about 5 cm, a penumbra of 1.5 to 1.8 mm may be achieved (specified for 20/80% lines).
  • a sharpened penumbra is important particularly for treating of small lesions, like skin cancers, so as to minimize treatment of healthy tissue.
  • the target and the collimator may be received in a substantially cylindrically shaped X-ray tube having a longitudinal axis.
  • a direction of propagation of the X-ray beam may be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the X-ray tube.
  • the arrangement of the anode-collimator geometry may be advantageous.
  • the axis of the X-ray tube may substantially coincide with a direction of propagation of the generated X-ray beam.
  • the arrangement may permit the x-ray tube and an x-ray applicator to have the same longitudinal axis.
  • the configuration may be advantageous from a mechanical perspective.
  • the applicator may be balanced on the articulated arm in a simplified manner.
  • the X-ray tube, disposed in the X-ray applicator represents a relatively slim (outer diameter of less than 10 cm) elongated cylinder (length of about 30 cm), which is preferably displaced in a vertical direction for delivering the X-ray beam to the patient.
  • the collimator may be provided with an automatic identification device configured to generate a signal in the control unit representative of collimator characteristics.
  • the collimator may be positioned in a receptacle having a resistive path whose resistivity may be changed.
  • the collimator may be arranged with projections adapted to cooperate with the resistive path of the receptacle for changing the resistivity of the receptacle, and thus, generating a signal indicating that the collimator has been inserted into the receptacle.
  • the signal may be transmitted to the control unit of the mobile X-ray unit for independent verification. It is contemplated that the mobile X-ray unit comprises a set of collimators each having identification devices.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may include a signaling device configured to indicate that an X-ray beam has been generated.
  • the signaling device may be implemented as a suitable light on the X-ray applicator.
  • One or more light emitting diodes may be used for this purpose. It may be possible to provide a plurality of signaling devices that indicate the energy of the generated X-ray beam.
  • a first indicator may be used, such as, for example, a first light color.
  • a second indicator may be used, such as, for example, a second light color.
  • a third indicator may be used, such as, for example, a third light color.
  • the kV range may be disposed in the device, in a user interface, or in a supplementary unit. It will be further appreciated that the named kV ranges may be scaled with, for example the factors 1:1; 1:2; 1:3; 1:4; and 1:5.
  • the signaling device is a light indicator arranged on an outer housing. Such an arrangement of the signaling device may be advantageous as the patient is made aware about the starting point and the termination of irradiation so that the patient may retain a static position during the course of treatment.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may include a cooler arranged with piping to provide a cooling medium in a vicinity of the X-ray tube.
  • the piping may run in a space between the X-ray tube and a shielding wall associated with the X-ray tube.
  • a space between the outer surface of the X-ray tube and the inner surface of the X-ray tube may be advantageous to provide a space between the outer surface of the X-ray tube and the inner surface of the X-ray tube, that is at least partially filled with a coolant.
  • pressurized gas may also be used as a suitable coolant.
  • a temperature sensor is arranged on the outer housing of the X-ray applicator for measuring actual temperature of the outer housing. The temperature sensor may be connected to the control unit for controlling the cooler and/or for controlling the high voltage supply. Should the temperature rise above a pre-determined shut-off value, the control unit may be arranged to disable the high voltage supply and/or to intensify the cooling mode, for example, by increasing a pumping capacity of the coolant.
  • a radiation detector may be provided inside the outer housing for detecting the X-ray beam.
  • the mobile X-ray unit includes a primary timer which sets a time for the high voltage supply for delivering a predetermined radiation dose.
  • the radiation sensor accommodated inside the outer housing of the X-ray applicator may be part of a secondary timer circuit adapted to shut down the high voltage supply after the predetermined radiation dose is delivered. In this way radiation safety control may be improved.
  • the X-ray applicator may include an exit surface directed towards a patient.
  • the surface being covered by an applicator cap.
  • the applicator cap may have many functions in use.
  • the applicator cap may be used for protecting the exit surface of the X-ray applicator from intra-patient contamination.
  • the thickness of the cap in a direction of the beam propagation may be sufficient for substantially eliminating electron contamination from the X-ray beam.
  • the applicator cap may be disposable.
  • the applicator cap may function as a heat absorber to dissipate the elevated temperature of the X-ray applicator. As a result the patient will feel the applicator contacting the skin as a slightly warm object.
  • the X-ray applicator may be connected to the base using a displaceable panel.
  • Flexible cabling connecting the base to the X-ray applicator may run substantially in the displaceable panel.
  • the displaceable panel may be arranged with a pre-defined travel distance with respect to a lowest achievable stand position and a highest achievable stand position. Such predefined travel distance may be advantageous for increasing durability of the cables tubes and wiring of the X-ray unit, especially of the tubes accommodating the coolant.
  • the displaceable panel may include a user interface for controlling the mobile X-ray unit.
  • the user interface may be a display.
  • the display may be implemented as a touch screen arranged for enabling data input.
  • the display may be arranged for echoing data.
  • dedicated buttons or other suitable means may be provided for entering input data into the mobile X-ray unit.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may include a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply, and a cooler.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may further include an articulated arm supporting an X-ray applicator having an X-ray tube.
  • the method may include connecting the arm to the base using a flexible cable.
  • the method may further include arranging within the X-ray tube a target for generating an X-ray beam, and a collimator for shaping the generated X-ray beam.
  • the method may further include setting a distance between the target and the collimator in a range between 4 and 10 cm.
  • the target and the collimator may be accommodated in a substantially cylindrically shaped X-ray applicator having a longitudinal axis.
  • a direction of propagation of the X-ray beam being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the method may include providing an X-ray unit including a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply, and a cooler.
  • the X-ray unit may further include an articulated arm accommodating an X-ray tube.
  • the arm may be connected to the base using a flexible cable.
  • the X-ray tube may include a target for generating an X-ray beam and a collimator for shaping the generated X-ray beam.
  • a distance between the target and the collimator may be in the range 4 and 10 cm.
  • Another embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to applicator cap for an X-ray unit including an X-ray tube accommodated in an X-ray applicator.
  • the X-ray applicator may include an exit surface oriented towards a patient, the applicator cap being arranged for covering at least the exit surface.
  • the applicator cap may be disposable.
  • a thickness of the cap in a direction of the beam propagation may be sufficient for substantially eliminating electron contamination from the X-ray beam. It is contemplated that the applicator cap may be manufactured from a substantially transparent material so as to delineate between the exit surface of the X-ray applicator and a lesion to be treated.
  • the mobile medical care unit may be a bed, a chair, a trolley, a cart, a galley, or a treatment unit.
  • the mobile medical unit may include at least three wheels interconnected by a flexible frame.
  • the flexible frame may be configured to allow automatic adjustment of the height of the wheel when contacting a ground surface.
  • the frame may comprise one or more branches which may be provided with a weak region that may deform under application of the weight of the mobile medical care unit as the mobile medical care unit is moved over the ground.
  • the frame may include flexible regions, adapted to be resilient and/or bendable under application of the weight of the medical care unit.
  • the flexible frame includes one or more branches having one or more segments coupled by a spring.
  • the flexible frame may have an advantage when the mobile medical care unit is transported over an uneven floor, or a floor having irregularities, such as bumps. It will be appreciated that for many applications, it may be desirable that the mobile medical care unit does not change its spatial orientation even when it is transported over an irregular surface. For example, it may be desirable to keep laboratory trays, beds, neonatal beds, and food supply trays, in a substantially constant orientation when transported.
  • the mobile X-ray unit according to the foregoing may have an advantage when the base is provided with wheels which are supported by a flexible frame.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may be provided within a vehicle and transported to different treatment locations (i.e., provided as a mobile clinic). In certain circumstances, the treatment may be carried out in inferior conditions. Even treatment in open air is possible.
  • the adjustment of the X-ray applicator may be carried out in substantially the same way as if the treatment is carried out in a doctor's office.
  • the doctor would need to go through substantially the same positioning routine when locating the X-ray applicator for treatment. Accordingly, human errors due to a complex three-dimensional handling of the X-ray applicator may be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 a presents a perspective view of a mobile X-ray unit, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 b presents a partial perspective view of a displaceable panel of the mobile X-ray unit illustrated in FIG. 1 a , according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 c presents a perspective view of the mobile X-ray unit shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b , illustrating displacement of a X-ray applicator of the X-ray unit relative to a base of the mobile X-ray unit, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 presents a diagrammatic representation of the mobile X-ray unit, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 presents a cross-sectional view of an X-ray applicator of the mobile X-ray unit, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 presents a partial perspective view of the X-ray applicator of FIG. 3 provided with an applicator cap, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 presents a schematic view of a collimator provided with identification devices, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 presents a schematic view of an alternative embodiment of a collimator provided with identification devices, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 presents an end view of the X-ray tube, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 E-E presents a cross-section along line VII-E of the X-ray tube of FIG. 7 , according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 F-F presents a cross-section along line VII-F of the X-ray tube of FIG. 7 , according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 presents a partial schematic view of a medical care unit, such as a mobile X-ray unit, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 presents an enlarged view of a flexible frame, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 presents another view of the flexible frame shown in FIG. 9 , according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 a presents a perspective view of a mobile X-ray unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the mobile X-ray unit 10 may have a base 2 including at least a power supply unit, a cooling system, and a control unit for controlling an operation of an X-ray applicator 4 .
  • the X-ray applicator 4 may include an X-ray tube ( FIG. 3 ) disposed in an outer housing ( FIG. 3 ).
  • the X-ray applicator 4 may be connected to the base 2 by flexible cables 3 , which may be at least partially received in a displaceable panel 5 .
  • the X-ray applicator 4 may be supported by an articulated arm 4 a , which may include a pivot for altering the position and/or angle of the X-ray applicator 4 in space.
  • the articulated arm 4 a may also be connected to the displaceable panel 5 to vertically displace the X-ray applicator 4 .
  • the displaceable panel 5 is provided with a handle 6 enabling easy manipulation thereof.
  • the displaceable panel 5 may be guided along suitable rails for enabling a substantially smooth and shock-free displacement thereof.
  • the displaceable panel 5 may be also referred to as a displaceable mast. It may be advantageous to allow the mast to be displaceable along a substantially upright axis with respect to the base 2 . It will be appreciated that the substantially upright axis extends in a substantially vertical direction, which is generally upright. However, it will be further appreciated that the terms ‘generally upright’ or ‘substantially vertical’ may relate to a direction substantially perpendicular (+ ⁇ 20 degrees) to a plane of the surface on which the mobile X-ray unit is sitting.
  • the base 2 preferably further comprises a display 7 , which may function as a suitable user interface 7 a .
  • the patient data such as a photo of the patient and/or a photo of a lesion may be provided in window 7 b , whereby relevant patient information, such as the date of birth, gender, dose prescription and dose delivery protocol and other patient information may be displayed in window 7 c .
  • Buttons 7 d may be provided as touch functionality for enabling entering data. Alternatively or additionally, suitable hardware switches or buttons may be provided as well.
  • FIG. 1 b presents a partial perspective view of a displaceable panel 5 of the mobile X-ray unit 10 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a handle 6 may be implemented as a mechanical item for pulling or pushing the panel 5 .
  • the handle 6 may be arranged as an electrical actuator for triggering motors (not shown) for displacing the displaceable panel 5 .
  • the motors may be activated for causing the displaceable panel 5 to displace in a direction A. Pushing of the handle 6 may cause lowering of the displaceable panel 5 in a direction B opposite direction A.
  • the mobile X-ray unit 10 may include stops, limits, or other known structures for limiting the movement of the displaceable panel 5 . This may ensure mechanical stability of the system on one hand (limitation of the upper level) and, on the other hand, may be beneficial for preventing cable damage (limitation of the lower level). It is contemplated that the displaceable panel 5 may be movable using built-in rails whose length may be chosen for limiting the displacement range of the panel 5 in a desirable way.
  • FIG. 1 c illustrates the displacement of the X-ray applicator 4 of the X-ray unit 10 .
  • mobile X-ray unit 10 may be configured so as to support a broad range of translational and rotational movements of the X-ray applicator 4 .
  • the X-ray applicator 4 is in a retracted position. It will be appreciated that cabling is not depicted for clarity reasons.
  • the retracted position may be suitable for transport of the mobile X-ray unit 10 towards a booth and/or for maneuvering the X-ray unit 10 around the patient.
  • the articulated arm 4 a may be positioned under the outer portion 5 a of the displaceable panel 5 .
  • a load block 2 a may be provided for lowering the point of gravity of the X-ray unit 10 .
  • the X-ray applicator 4 may be in an extended position (i.e., a working position) having an X-ray exit surface 8 oriented towards a patient P.
  • the displaceable panel 5 may be moved to an intermediate position located between the lowest stand position and the highest stand position of the displaceable panel 5 .
  • the articulated arm 4 a may be used for suitably rotating the X-ray applicator 4 about a rotation axis. in some embodiments, the rotation axis may coincide with a direction in which the X-ray beam is emitted from the exit surface 8 for a vertically oriented X-ray applicator 4 .
  • the X-ray applicator 4 may be in a lowered position.
  • the displaceable panel 5 may be in its lowest stand position and the arm 4 a may be used for orienting the X-ray applicator 4 in a desirable way.
  • the base of the mobile X-ray unit may include a set of wheels supported by a frame.
  • the wheels may be interconnected by a deformable frame which ensures that all wheels make contact with an underlying surface, such as a floor or ground, even if such surface is not completely flat.
  • the frame may include one or more branches working together or individually for supporting the wheels of the base. When the weight of the mobile X-ray unit is applied to the frame, the branch may deform to allow the full contact of all of the wheels with the ground.
  • the frame may include flexible regions, adapted to be resilient and/or bendable under application of the weight of the mobile X-ray unit.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the mobile X-ray unit 10 according to the disclosure.
  • the mobile X-ray unit 10 according to the disclosure includes a high voltage supply, preferably adapted to generate 50-75 kV X-rays in a suitable X-ray tube 22 a , a cooling system 21 d for cooling the X-ray tube 22 a during use, and a control system 21 for controlling electronic and electric parameters of sub-units of the X-ray unit during use.
  • View 20 diagrammatically depicts main units of the control system 21 and of the X-ray applicator 22 .
  • the control system 21 includes a hard wired user interface 21 a for enabling switching on and switching off of the high voltage supply 21 b .
  • the high voltage supply 21 b comprises a high voltage generator 21 c with improved ramp-up and ramp-down characteristics.
  • the high voltage supply is preferably operable for delivering power of about 200 W in use.
  • the ramp-up time may be of the order of 100 ms.
  • the hard wired interface 21 a may also be arranged to automatically switch on the cooling system 21 d when the high voltage generator is switched on.
  • the control system 21 may include a primary controller 21 e arranged for controlling the dose delivery from the X-ray applicator 22 in use.
  • the primary controller 21 e may be provided with a primary counter adapted to register time lapsed after the X-ray radiation is initiated. The primary counter may then automatically switch off the high voltage supply 21 b to the X-ray tube 22 a in the event a pre-determined dose is reached. It will be appreciated that the pre-determined dose is at least dependent on the energy of the X-rays and the dose rate, which may be calibrated in advance. Where calibrated data is made available to the primary controller 21 e , adequate primary dose delivery control may be achieved.
  • a secondary controller 21 f may be provided for enabling an independent loop of dose delivery control.
  • the secondary controller 21 f may be connected to a dose meter accommodated inside the X-ray applicator 22 in the X-ray field before the collimator 22 d .
  • the dose meter may provide real-time data on actual dose delivery taking into account dose variation during ramp up and ramp down of the high voltage source.
  • the control system 21 may include a safety controller 21 g adapted to compare readings from the primary controller 21 e and the secondary controller 21 g for switching off the high voltage generator 21 c after a desired dose is delivered.
  • the safety controller 21 g may be wired to guard emergency stop, door interlock, and a generator interlock.
  • the X-ray applicator 22 may include X-ray tube 22 a housed in an outer housing (shielding) 22 k .
  • the X-ray tube 22 a may have a target-collimator distance of between 4 and 10 cm, and preferably 5 and 6 cm.
  • the X-ray applicator 22 may further include a beam hardening filter 22 b selected to intercept low-energy radiation and a beam flattening filter 22 c , designed to intercept portions of X-ray radiation for generating a substantially flat beam profile near the exit surface of the X-ray applicator 22 .
  • the X-ray applicator 22 may include one or more collimators 22 d arranged to shape the beam.
  • a set of collimators 22 d may be used having, for example, diameters of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5 cm. It will be appreciated that although circular collimators are discussed, collimators of any shape, such as square, elliptic, or custom made collimators are possible. It may be advantageous to have an X-ray applicator 22 with automatic collimator detection device 22 f adapted to automatically signal which collimator is being used.
  • resistive sensing may be used to identify which collimator 22 d is being used.
  • each collimator may be provided with at least a couple of projections for bridging a resistive path provided in a collimator receptacle ( FIG. 3 ). The resulting electrical resistance of the receptacle ( FIG. 3 ) indicates that a collimator is being used.
  • the X-ray applicator 22 may also include a built-in temperature sensor 22 g configured tomonitor a temperature of the X-ray tube 22 a and/or its shielding 22 k .
  • the signal from the temperature sensor 22 g may be received by the control system 21 which may carry out the analysis thereof. Should the measured temperature be elevated beyond an allowable level, an alarm signal may be generated.
  • a shut-off signal to the high voltage generator may be provided.
  • the X-ray applicator 22 may further include a radiation sensor 22 h arranged inside the outer housing 22 k for detecting X-ray radiation which may be delivered by the X-ray tube 22 a .
  • the X-ray applicator 22 may include a non-volatile data storage 22 i arranged for recording operational parameters at least of the X-ray tube 22 a . Further, to enhance radiation safety, the X-ray applicator 22 may be provided with a radiation indicator 22 j arranged for providing a visual and/or an audio output to the user and/or the patient regarding ON/OFF condition of the X-ray tube 22 a . It will be appreciated that the radiation indicator 22 j may include a plurality of signaling devices. In one embodiment, at least one signaling device, for example a light emitting diode (LED), may be associated with the X-ray applicator 22 and provided on the X-ray applicator 22 . It is understood, however, that the signaling devices may be positioned at any other location on the mobile X-ray unit.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • FIG. 3 presents a cross section of an X-ray applicator of the mobile X-ray unit.
  • the X-ray applicator 30 includes an outer housing 36 and a X-ray tube assembly 35 disposed in the outer housing 36 .
  • the X-ray tube 35 may include an external shielding 35 a .
  • the X-ray applicator 30 may be maneuvered by the user by holding the housing 32 .
  • the X-ray applicator 30 includes an anode 45 configured to emit a beam of X-rays.
  • the anode may have a longitudinal propagation axis 45 a .
  • the distance between the target (e.g., a perpendicular plate of the anode) and the collimator 33 is in the range between 4 and 10 cm, and preferably 5 and 6 cm.
  • a relatively short target-collimator distance may generate an X-ray beam having a substantially narrow penumbra (1.5-1.8 mm for 20/80% lines) and good beam flatness.
  • the X-ray applicator 30 may further include a filter 39 for hardening the X-ray beam emitted from the target 45 , a beam flattening filter 40 for flattening out a beam profile, and collimator 33 insertable into a collimator receptacle 41 .
  • a cooling system 34 may be provided so as to prevent overheating of the X-ray tube 35 .
  • the cooling system 34 may be arranged in the space between the X-ray tube 35 and the shielding 35 a in contact with the surface of the X-ray tube 35 .
  • a suitable coolant may be provided using a pipe 31 . It is contemplated that the coolant may be water, a pressurized gas, or even a special oil.
  • the X-ray applicator 30 may further comprise a temperature sensor 37 .
  • the X-ray assembly 30 may further include a suitable radiation detector 38 , connected to a radiation indicator 43 . Data collected by the radiation detector 38 may be stored in a data storage unit 44 .
  • an applicator cap 42 may be provided to cover at least the exit surface of the X-ray applicator 30 .
  • the applicator cap 42 may be thick enough to fully intercept secondary electrons emanating from the X-ray applicator.
  • the applicator cap 32 may be manufactured from PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and may have a thickness of about 0.4-0.7 mm, and preferably 0.6 mm, across the window portion.
  • the applicator cap may have a density of about 1.75-1.8, and preferably 1.78.
  • the applicator cap 42 may have a thickness of 0.3-0.6 mm, and preferably 0.5 mm, across the window portion.
  • the applicator cap 32 may have a density of 1.30-1.45, and preferably 1.39.
  • the applicator cap 42 may be manufactured from PPSU (polyphenylsulfone). These materials may be particularly suitable as they as stable under influence of the X-rays and are suitable for different types of sterilization procedures, such as chemical sterilization, or sterilization under elevated temperatures.
  • FIG. 4 presents a partial perspective view of X-ray applicator 4 of FIG. 3 provided with an applicator cap 30 .
  • the applicator cap 42 may be manufactured from transparent glass, transparent plastic, or from ceramics as well as from PVDF and PPSU as is set forth above. Applicator cap 42 may also be manufactured from a metal. In the latter case, the applicator cap may be sterilized, otherwise, the applicator cap 42 may be a disposable applicator cap.
  • the outer dimension of the X-ray applicator 51 may be larger that the outer dimension of the exit portion covered by the applicator cap 42 so as to minimize the total weight of the X-ray applicator 51 , it is possible that the exit portion has the same dimension as the body of the X-ray applicator 51 .
  • FIG. 5 presents a schematic view of a collimator with identification devices.
  • the collimator 63 may be provided with a central opening 64 for defining a shape and dimension of the resulting X-ray beam emitted from the X-ray applicator 30 as discussed with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • the collimator 63 may be adapted to be received in a collimator receptacle 61 , which may be shaped as a suitable chamber where the collimator 63 may be firmly fitted.
  • the collimator may be provided with two projections 65 a , 65 b , adapted to interact with a resistive path 62 in the collimator receptacle 61 .
  • each collimator may be provided with a unique pair of projections leading to a distinguishable change in the net resistivity of the collimator receptacle 61 .
  • a plurality of pairs 65 a , 65 b may be positioned at different locations on a surface of the collimator 63 .
  • each collimator 63 with an electronic identification device such as, for example, a chip cooperating with a plug.
  • an electronic identification device such as, for example, a chip cooperating with a plug.
  • FIG. 6 presents an alternative embodiment of a collimator 33 having identification devices.
  • the collimator 33 may be provided with an aperture 71 , which may have any shape.
  • the identification device 72 a , 72 b may be used for automatically detecting whether a correct (i.e. intended) collimator is being inserted in the X-ray applicator 30 .
  • the identification devices 72 a , 72 b may be spring loaded pins arranged for interacting with a resistive body (shown in the view 33 a ) for causing a change in a net resistance of the resistive body.
  • a control unit may identify when a collimator is within a collimator receptacle.
  • each dot of the series 74 a , 74 b , 74 c , 74 d , 74 e , 74 f is attributed to a separate resistive contact circle (only few are shown for clarity).
  • the net resistive change of the resistive path 33 a depends upon where the pin 72 a or 72 b contacts a resistive circle of the resistive circuit 33 a and will change according to the contact positions.
  • the individual collimators of the type 33 may be coded by positioning the contact pins 72 a , 72 b at different locations on the outer surface 70 .
  • the contact pins 72 a , 72 b may be supplemented by a contact bar 76 , used for locking and/or enabling an appropriate insertion of the collimator 33 ′′ into a collimator receptacle. This feature is particularly advantageous for collimators 33 ′′ not having rotational symmetry.
  • the collimators and/or the pins may be color coded.
  • FIGS. 7 ; 7 ,E-E; and 7 ,F-F illustrate various views of the X-ray tube.
  • the X-ray tube 100 has a body 102 enclosing at one end a window 104 through which the X-rays pass. See FIG. 7 cross-section E-E.
  • the end window 104 may be made from a thin sheet of Beryllium metal.
  • An applicator cap 106 may be positioned over the end window 104 so as to covering the end window 104 and protect end window 104 .
  • Applicator cap 106 may be made from a plastic material.
  • the applicator cap may be manufactured from PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and has a thickness of about 0.4-0.7 mm, and preferably 0.6 mm, across the window portion, as described in more detail above.
  • the applicator cap 106 may be manufactured from PPSU (polyphenylsulfone) and have a thickness of about 0.3-0.6 mm, and preferably 0.5 mm, across the window portion, also as described above in more detail.
  • a target 108 is located at a range between 4 and 10 cm from the collimator 130 , and preferably between 4 and 5 cm from the collimator 130 (see FIG. 7 , cross-section F-F). It will be appreciated that this distance is measured between the outer surface of the target 108 and a midplane of the collimator 130 .
  • the target 108 may be made from Tungsten metal to provide the desired X-ray spectrum.
  • the tungsten tip of the target 108 may be mounted on a large anode assembly 110 which also serves to conduct away the heat created from the generation of the X-rays in the target 108 .
  • Most of the anode assembly 110 is made from copper.
  • the cathode 112 see FIG.
  • cross-section F-F may be located slightly off-axis near the end window 104 . Electrons emitted from the cathode are accelerated across the gap by the potential difference between the cathode and anode, in this case set at about 70 kV, to the target 108 where the impact causes the generation of X-rays in a known manner. X-rays emitted from the target 108 pass through a beam hardening filter 122 before passing through a collimator 130 and an exit surface 124 on an applicator cap 106 . The collimator 130 may be housed in a suitable collimator receptacle 128 .
  • the anode assembly 110 may be mounted in the body 102 and electrically insulated.
  • One of a number of known techniques and materials can be used to provide the desired level of insulation between the anode assembly 110 and the body 102 .
  • the production of X-rays generates large amounts of waste heat. Accordingly, it may be necessary to cool the tube in order to maintain it at a safe temperature.
  • Various cooling mechanisms are known and used in the art.
  • the X-ray tube 100 is cooled by cooled water forced around the anode region. Cooled water enters the back of the tube by a first conduit 116 and leaves by a second conduit 118 (see FIG. 7 , cross-section F-F).
  • the water cooling circuit is a closed loop circuit, with the water leaving the tube assembly 105 to be cooled by a remote cooler (not shown) before returning to the X-ray tube 100 .
  • oil or another liquid may be used as the cooling medium.
  • a pressurized gas may be used as an effective coolant in some applications.
  • the thickness of the shielding provided by the body 102 may be designed so that it provides at least the minimum level of shielding required for safe use by the operator.
  • a high voltage cable assembly 120 may be connected to the anode assembly 110 .
  • the high voltage cable assembly 120 may be connected to a flexible cable (not shown) which in turn may be connected to a high voltage power supply.
  • a radiation detector 114 may be placed outside the path of the X-ray beam emitted from the target 108 and passing through the end window 104 .
  • This detector can be any known radiation detector.
  • the radiation detector may be a hardened semi-conductor connected to an amplifier.
  • the radiation detector 114 may detect when the tube 102 is working and emitting X-ray energy.
  • Output from the detector 114 may connected to a control unit, and the output signals from the detector 114 may be used to provide an optical indication to a user of whether the tube is operating or not.
  • an X-ray detector 114 may be provided which may be used to detect if the X-ray tube is on or off.
  • the radiation detector 114 With further calibration of the radiation detector 114 , it may be possible to determine and calculate the X-ray dose administered to the patient during the treatment. By this means it may be possible to have a real time dosimetry measurement system, in which the precise amount of radiation dose administered can be determined. Once the dose rate is known, a treatment plan can be modified during treatment. This may be advantageous because it may enable a very accurate and carefully controlled dose of X-rays to be administered.
  • a tumour illumination device may be is used.
  • the tumour illumination device may include a plurality of lights 126 placed around the circumference of the X-ray tube 100 near the end window 104 . When in use, the lights shine onto the skin of the patient. Since the lights 126 are positioned around the circumference of the tube body 102 , at a short distance from the end of the X-ray tube 100 they create a circle of light with a sharp cut off of the inner part of the circle. In this way, the position of the lights on the tube body 102 may create a shadow. This shadow circle may be used to indicate the region which will be subject to irradiation when the X-ray tube 100 is turned on. It should be appreciated the area within the circle may not be completely dark; the ambient light may be able to enter the shadow region.
  • the lights 126 are white LEDs which can be bright enough to clearly illuminate the target region but do not generate amounts of heat and have very long lives. The lack of heat generation is important because the lights will be in close proximity to the skin of the patient, and so it is important to minimise the risk of burning or other damage to the skin.
  • Other colours of LEDs may be used.
  • other light sources could be used, such as known filament lamps or even a remote light source connected to the ring by fibre optic cables.
  • FIG. 8 presents a partial schematic view of an embodiment of a medical care unit.
  • FIG. 8 presents a partial schematic view of a mobile X-ray unit.
  • the mobile X-ray unit may be constructed on a rolling chassis 200 .
  • the chassis 200 may be in the shape of an H section. In some embodiments, the legs of the H section are splayed and extend slightly outwards to provide increased stability.
  • the chassis 200 may have four wheels 204 which may be independently rotatable, and may be used to manoeuvre the mobile X-ray unit into a desired position.
  • the chassis 200 may also be provided with a braking mechanism, which may be operated by a pedal.
  • Twin pedals 220 may be provided, one on each side of the chassis 200 .
  • the pedals 220 may be connected by a shaft, thereby ensuring that only one pedal 220 needs to be operated to brake the chassis 200 against movement.
  • the braking mechanism may be arranged to brake diametrically opposed wheels. Other braking mechanisms may be contemplated.
  • the chassis legs 201 , 202 may be metal channels or beams.
  • the two legs 201 and 202 may be joined by a cross-member 210 .
  • the cross-member 210 may be of the C shaped cross-section, and may be secured at or near its ends to the legs 201 and 202 by bolts, welding, or any other method known in the art. It is contemplated that legs 201 , 202 , and cross-member 210 may have any other shape, size, and/or configuration.
  • the legs 201 , 202 and cross-member 210 are made from pressed metal parts, however, it is contemplated that legs 201 , 202 and cross-member 210 may be formed from any other known material. It is contemplated that the rolling part of the chassis 200 may also be formed from a molded plastic material or, in cases requiring higher strength, load carrying characteristics or rigidity, the rolling part of the chassis 200 may be made from cast metal structures.
  • a first vertical chassis member 206 may be securely attached to a first one of the legs 201 and may extend upwardly there from.
  • a second vertically extending chassis member 208 Connected to the second one of the leg 202 is a second vertically extending chassis member 208 .
  • Vertical chassis members 206 and 208 are securely connected together by any known method.
  • the operational equipment forming the mobile X-ray unit 10 such as, for example, the high voltage power supply, the cooling system for the X-ray tube, and the control system, may be mounted on the vertical chassis members 206 , 208 .
  • the articulated arm (not shown) may be mounted on vertical members 206 , 208 .
  • This embodiment has an advantage that the vertical chassis members do not need to be vertical but can be upwardly extending at any angle that is convenient and appropriate for the mounting of any ancillary fittings or equipment.
  • the first chassis leg 201 may be firmly connected to the vertical chassis member 206 by bolts, which facilitate assembly of the chassis 200 .
  • the second vertical chassis member 208 may be connected to the second leg 202 by a bearing structure.
  • Second vertical chassis member 208 may be firmly secured to a mounting bracket 214 by bolts, welds, or any other known securing structure.
  • the mounting bracket 214 may be provided with a bearing support which co-operates with corresponding bearing structure in the second leg 202 .
  • the bearing structure is conveniently in the form of a shaft or pin 212 .
  • Shaft 212 extends through the bearing support in the mounting bracket 214 to form a co-operating support structure in the leg 202 .
  • the shaft 212 and co-operating bearing structure enable the second vertical member 208 to rotate about an axis defined as extending along a longitudinal axis extending along the length of the shaft 212 .
  • the bearing support may be made of any known form of bearing material, such as a relatively soft metal, such as brass, or from a nylon or polyethylene type plastics material.
  • the vertical chassis members 206 , 208 may be firmly connected together to provide a strong rigid upwardly extending chassis 200 onto which any other components may be mounted, whilst the rolling part of the chassis may be provided with a flexibility to enable it to accommodate rough or uneven surfaces.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a connection between the various components of the flexible frame.
  • the shaft 212 may include a rotational axis passing through the centre of the shaft 212 about which the leg 202 can rotate, to allow the rolling part of the chassis 200 to deform and adapt to uneven floors or paths whilst maintaining a relatively stiff upwardly extending chassis portion.
  • the shaft 212 may extend through a bearing support in the mounting bracket 214 into a co-operating support structure in the leg 202 (shown in FIG. 8 ). This construction allows the legs 201 , 202 (shown in FIG. 8 ) to rotate with respect to one another as they move over (or rest on) uneven surfaces, so as increase the stability of the equipment as a whole.
  • FIG. 10 presents a further schematic view of the flexible frame shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the leg 202 may be mechanically linked by bearing structure 212 (i.e., shaft) through the mounting bracket 214 to the chassis member 208 .
  • the cross-member 210 may be attached at or near each of its ends to one of the legs 201 , 202 . It, in effect, provides the mechanism keep the legs in their chosen relative positions when the unit is stationary.
  • the cross-member may be subject to rotational twisting and torque as the chassis 200 moves over uneven ground.
  • the structural strength of the cross-member 210 may generate forces to resist the twist of the legs with respect to one another, and may also provide a damping effect to restrict and cushion the relative movement of the legs.
  • the rotational stiffness of the cross-member 210 may be chosen to provide the desired damping effect taking into consideration the weight of the mobile X-ray unit and the un-evenness of the ground being traversed.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
US13/335,286 2010-12-22 2011-12-22 Mobile X-Ray Unit Abandoned US20120195405A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/335,286 US20120195405A1 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-22 Mobile X-Ray Unit
US14/971,981 US9561009B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2015-12-16 Mobile X-ray unit

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2005906 2010-12-22
NL2005906A NL2005906C2 (en) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 A mobile x-ray unit.
US201061426896P 2010-12-23 2010-12-23
US13/335,286 US20120195405A1 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-22 Mobile X-Ray Unit

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/971,981 Continuation US9561009B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2015-12-16 Mobile X-ray unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120195405A1 true US20120195405A1 (en) 2012-08-02

Family

ID=44475000

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/335,286 Abandoned US20120195405A1 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-22 Mobile X-Ray Unit
US14/971,981 Active US9561009B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2015-12-16 Mobile X-ray unit

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/971,981 Active US9561009B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2015-12-16 Mobile X-ray unit

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US20120195405A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2842602B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN202715137U (fr)
BR (1) BR112013015889B1 (fr)
NL (1) NL2005906C2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2620931C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012087127A2 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120163556A1 (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Johan Henning Mobile X-Ray Unit
US20140291540A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiation generating apparatus and radiographic imaging system
US20140291555A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiation generation apparatus and radiographic apparatus
US20160045174A1 (en) * 2014-08-12 2016-02-18 Carestream Health, Inc. Digital x-ray imaging apparatus and method
JP2017119173A (ja) * 2015-09-29 2017-07-06 富士フイルム株式会社 放射線照射装置
JP2017185198A (ja) * 2016-11-17 2017-10-12 富士フイルム株式会社 移動型放射線発生装置
US20180289977A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-11 Sensus Healthcare Llc Dermatology radiotherapy system with flash treatment times
EP3731756A4 (fr) * 2017-12-29 2021-09-08 Raydiant Oximetry, Inc. Dispositifs et systèmes d'oxymétrie de pouls foetal trans-abdominale et/ou de détermination de tonus utérin dotés d'éléments constitutifs réglables et leurs procédés d'utilisation

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2530254A (en) * 2014-09-12 2016-03-23 Xstrahl Ltd X-Ray system
JP6145899B2 (ja) * 2015-07-16 2017-06-14 富士フイルム株式会社 放射線画像撮影装置
CN107920791B (zh) * 2015-07-27 2020-11-06 富士胶片株式会社 放射线照射装置
CN109789315A (zh) 2016-07-13 2019-05-21 胜赛斯医疗有限责任公司 机器人术中放疗
WO2018183873A1 (fr) 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Sensus Healthcare Llc Source de rayons x formant un faisceau tridimensionnel
CN111148547A (zh) 2017-07-18 2020-05-12 胜赛斯医疗有限责任公司 术中放射治疗中的实时x射线剂量测定
EP3544680A4 (fr) * 2017-08-29 2020-06-24 Sensus Healthcare, Inc. Système de rayonnement de radiographie iort robotique avec puits d'étalonnage
US11672491B2 (en) 2018-03-30 2023-06-13 Empyrean Medical Systems, Inc. Validation of therapeutic radiation treatment
US10940334B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2021-03-09 Sensus Healthcare, Inc. Systems and methods for real time beam sculpting intra-operative-radiation-therapy treatment planning
RU190316U1 (ru) * 2019-01-09 2019-06-26 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина)" Рентгеновская трубка
RU2740571C1 (ru) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-15 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-технический центр "МТ" (ООО "НТЦ-МТ") Рентгеновский мобильный аппарат

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030048875A1 (en) * 2001-03-02 2003-03-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Radiation applying apparatus
US20080107239A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-08 Sohail Sayeh Collimator changer
US20080187099A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-08-07 Oraya Therapeutics, Inc. Orthovoltage radiotherapy
US8520801B2 (en) * 2010-12-22 2013-08-27 Nucletron B.V. Mobile X-ray unit

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050276377A1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-15 Carol Mark P Kilovoltage delivery system for radiation therapy
US7931410B2 (en) * 2004-10-22 2011-04-26 Ntn Corporation Machined cage for cylindrical roller bearing and method of manufacturing the same
US7263170B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-08-28 Pellegrino Anthony J Radiation therapy system featuring rotatable filter assembly
RU2334465C1 (ru) * 2006-11-20 2008-09-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "ДАТА-ЦЕНТР Икс-Рэй" (ЗАО "ДАТА-ЦЕНТР-Икс-Рэй") Мобильный малогабаритный рентгеновский аппарат
RU66933U1 (ru) * 2007-05-02 2007-10-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "ЭЛТЕХ-Мед" Портативный рентгенодиагностический дентальный аппарат
RU81078U1 (ru) * 2008-10-06 2009-03-10 Закрытое акционерное общество Инжиниринговая компания "ПРАКТИКА" Система протонно-ионной терапии онкологических заболеваний

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030048875A1 (en) * 2001-03-02 2003-03-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Radiation applying apparatus
US20080187099A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-08-07 Oraya Therapeutics, Inc. Orthovoltage radiotherapy
US20080107239A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-08 Sohail Sayeh Collimator changer
US8520801B2 (en) * 2010-12-22 2013-08-27 Nucletron B.V. Mobile X-ray unit

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120163556A1 (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Johan Henning Mobile X-Ray Unit
US9168391B2 (en) * 2010-12-22 2015-10-27 Nucletron B.V. Mobile X-ray unit
US20140291540A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiation generating apparatus and radiographic imaging system
US20140291555A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiation generation apparatus and radiographic apparatus
US20160045174A1 (en) * 2014-08-12 2016-02-18 Carestream Health, Inc. Digital x-ray imaging apparatus and method
US10271802B2 (en) * 2014-08-12 2019-04-30 Carestream Health, Inc. Digital x-ray imaging apparatus and method
JP2017119173A (ja) * 2015-09-29 2017-07-06 富士フイルム株式会社 放射線照射装置
EP3357426A4 (fr) * 2015-09-29 2018-12-12 FUJIFILM Corporation Appareil d'émission de rayonnement
US10667772B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2020-06-02 Fujifilm Corporation Radiation-irradiation device
JP2017185198A (ja) * 2016-11-17 2017-10-12 富士フイルム株式会社 移動型放射線発生装置
US20180289977A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-11 Sensus Healthcare Llc Dermatology radiotherapy system with flash treatment times
EP3731756A4 (fr) * 2017-12-29 2021-09-08 Raydiant Oximetry, Inc. Dispositifs et systèmes d'oxymétrie de pouls foetal trans-abdominale et/ou de détermination de tonus utérin dotés d'éléments constitutifs réglables et leurs procédés d'utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012087127A3 (fr) 2012-12-06
BR112013015889B1 (pt) 2023-03-28
EP2654894B1 (fr) 2018-03-14
CN202715137U (zh) 2013-02-06
US9561009B2 (en) 2017-02-07
WO2012087127A2 (fr) 2012-06-28
RU2013133840A (ru) 2015-01-27
EP2654894A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
RU2620931C2 (ru) 2017-05-30
EP2842602A1 (fr) 2015-03-04
US20160100813A1 (en) 2016-04-14
EP2842602B1 (fr) 2018-06-27
WO2012087127A9 (fr) 2012-10-18
NL2005906C2 (en) 2012-06-25
BR112013015889A2 (pt) 2018-06-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9561009B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US8520801B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US9168391B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US9393446B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US9259596B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US8929511B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US9724066B2 (en) Mobile X-ray unit
US20120189106A1 (en) Mobile x-ray unit
TWI555512B (zh) 移動式ｘ光單元
TWI580457B (zh) 裝療器蓋、移動式ｘ光單元及其製造方法
NL2005898C2 (en) A mobile x-ray unit.
TW201350164A (zh) 移動式ｘ光單元

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: NUCLETRON B.V., NETHERLANDS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WOUDSTRA, BAS;JAGER, WIM DE;REEL/FRAME:028038/0363

Effective date: 20120123

AS Assignment

Owner name: NUCLETRON B.V., NETHERLANDS

Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE TYPOGRAPHICAL ERROR IN THE SECOND INVENTOR'S LAST NAME PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 028038, FRAME 0363;ASSIGNORS:WOUDSTRA, BAS;DE JAGER, WIM;REEL/FRAME:028222/0039

Effective date: 20120123

AS Assignment

Owner name: NUCLETRON OPERATIONS B.V., NETHERLANDS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NUCLETRON B.V.;REEL/FRAME:034025/0443

Effective date: 20120425

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION