US20120102907A1 - Mechanical Produce Harvester - Google Patents
Mechanical Produce Harvester Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120102907A1 US20120102907A1 US12/914,905 US91490510A US2012102907A1 US 20120102907 A1 US20120102907 A1 US 20120102907A1 US 91490510 A US91490510 A US 91490510A US 2012102907 A1 US2012102907 A1 US 2012102907A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- produce
- movable
- belt
- peak
- deformable protrusion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D23/00—Topping machines
- A01D23/04—Topping machines cutting the tops after being lifted
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/001—Harvesting of standing crops with arrangements for transport of personnel
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
- A01D45/021—Cornheaders
- A01D45/023—Gathering chains of belts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/26—Harvesting of standing crops of cabbage or lettuce
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/26—Harvesting of standing crops of cabbage or lettuce
- A01D45/263—Harvesting of standing crops of cabbage or lettuce of lettuce
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D61/00—Elevators or conveyors for binders or combines
- A01D61/02—Endless belts
Definitions
- the present application relates to an apparatus and method for mechanically harvesting agricultural products and, more particularly, to a mechanical harvester for harvesting produce having a stem/core, which is planted in a field, such as iceberg lettuce, romaine lettuce, celery, and cabbage.
- harvesting of produce having a stem or core is predominately done by hand.
- the harvesting procedure involves several steps. These steps include a person cutting the stem/core of the produce while the produce is planted in the ground, and placing the cut produce on a moving platform for subsequent processing and packing. Further, in some instances, the core of the produce is removed or extracted from the leaves by hand. This step is often performed by packers that sell prepared lettuce or prepackaged salad mixes.
- a mechanical harvester for harvesting produce with a stem or core planted in a field.
- the mechanical harvester includes a chassis, and a cutting device and a transport assembly connected to the chassis.
- the cutting device is configured to cut the stem or core of the produce.
- the transport assembly is configured to transport the produce cut by the cutting device.
- the transport assembly includes a movable first belt and a movable second belt.
- the movable first belt includes a first set of produce grippers and the movable second belt includes a second set of produce grippers.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a mechanical harvester
- FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary cutting device of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 3 illustrates another exemplary cutting device of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary plow along with an exemplary cutting device of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of movable belts of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 6A illustrates an exemplary schematic of the movable belts of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 6B illustrates another exemplary schematic of the movable belts of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 6C illustrates another exemplary schematic of the movable belts of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary view of produce before it is cut by the cutting device of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary view of produce being held by the movable belts of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 9A illustrates an example of holding produce between produce grippers of the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 9B illustrates another example of holding produce between produce grippers of the mechanical harvester
- FIGS. 10A , 10 B, 10 C, and 10 D illustrate an exemplary method of transporting produce with the mechanical harvester
- FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary view of the backend of the mechanical harvester coupled to an elevator belt.
- mechanical harvester 100 is configured to harvest produce having a stem, core, or root, such as romaine lettuce, iceberg lettuce, celery, cabbage, or the like.
- mechanical harvester 100 moves through the field of produce, while cutting the stems/cores of the produce or cutting the produce from its stem/core to release the produce, lifting the released produce from the ground, and transporting the released produce.
- the produce may be transported to a storage bin or container for future processing, or to a processing platform connected to mechanical harvester 100 for more immediate processing. Processing may include inspection, sorting, trimming, decoring, washing, and packaging, for example.
- mechanical harvester 100 includes a chassis 102 .
- a cutting device is coupled to chassis 102 to cut the stem/core of the produce.
- FIG. 2 depicts the cutting device as a flat blade 204 .
- flat blade 204 is configured to be fixed to mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ). As mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ) moves through the field, flat blade 204 moves with mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ) cutting produce in the field. The position of flat blade 204 may be adjusted during harvesting to optimize the angle and height of flat blade 204 to cut a particular type of produce. Flat blade 204 may be adjusted to change the angle of flat blade 204 in relation to the ground and the angle of flat blade 204 in relation to the direction of motion of harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ).
- the cutting device may be, but is not limited to, a decoring blade, a knife, a band saw, an ultrasonic knife, a vibrating knife, or a water jet-cutting device.
- FIG. 3 depicts the cutting device as a decoring blade 302 .
- Decoring blade 302 is configured to both cut the produce from its stem/core and decore the cut produce. Decoring during harvesting in the field can reduce handling of the produce. A reduction of handling increases efficiency and reduces the risk of damage to the produce.
- flat blade 204 cuts produce from a single row of produce at a time.
- multiple flat blades 204 may be included in mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ) to cut produce from multiple rows of produce at one time.
- mechanical harvester 100 FIG. 1
- mechanical harvester 100 can harvest from at least an equal number of rows of produce as the number of flat blades 204 that are included in mechanical harvester 100 .
- mechanical harvester 100 may also include a plow 402 positioned in front of a cutting device. In a position forward to the cutting device, plow 402 will reach the produce before the cutting device when mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ) is moving. Plow 402 keeps vegetation and other debris from collecting on the cutting device.
- mechanical harvester 100 may include more than one plow, such as plow 404 , in a position forward to a wheel of mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ). Plow 404 keeps vegetation and other debris from collecting on the wheel of the mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ).
- a transport assembly 104 is coupled to chassis 102 .
- transport assembly 104 includes movable belts 206 and 208 configured to hold, lift, and transport the produce after the produce is cut from its stem/core.
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are coupled to movable belts 206 and 208 , respectively.
- Produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are used to hold, lift from the ground, and transport the produce.
- a head of iceberg lettuce 702 is depicted as having been cut from its stem/core.
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 hold, lift from the ground, and transport iceberg lettuce head 702 .
- movable belts 206 and 208 are attached to wheels 214 that, when rotated, will move the movable belts 206 and 208 .
- Movable belts 206 and 208 can be conveyor belts.
- movable belts 206 and 208 are in a substantially parallel configuration. As depicted in FIG. 5 , movable belts 206 and 208 can also be inclined relative to the ground from the front end to the rear end of transport assembly 104 . In this way, movable belts 206 and 208 are configured to lift the cut produce and transport the cut produce to a platform for further processing or a storage bin. As also depicted in FIG. 5 , transport assembly 104 may include multiple sets of movable belts for harvesting from multiple rows of produce.
- a spacing 612 is defined between movable belts 206 and 208 . Spacing 612 is adjusted for the produce that will be harvested with mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ). In the substantially parallel configuration, as can be seen in the top view depicted in FIG. 6C , spacing 612 is substantially consistent along the length of movable belts 206 and 208 so that the produce may be carried between movable belts 206 and 208 utilizing produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- Sets of produce grippers 210 and 212 are formed of a pliable material, such as a pliable plastic.
- the pliable material may be deformed such that the produce, when between movable belt 206 and movable belt 208 , will compress produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- produce grippers 210 and 212 are aligned such that they directly oppose each other, particularly when the cut produce is disposed between them.
- the intermeshing of produce grippers 210 and 212 seen in FIG. 2 is the result of the produce grippers 210 and 212 being pliable and the short spacing of movable belts 206 and 208 in FIG. 2 .
- the spacing of movable belts 206 and 208 is sufficient for produce grippers 210 and 212 to not contact each other, then grippers 210 and 212 directly oppose each other, as depicted in FIG. 6C .
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are compressed by lettuce head 702 , because they are formed of pliable material.
- the rigidity of the material of the produce grippers determines the force exerted on the produce.
- the force exerted on the produce by each of the produce grippers is preferably at least approximately the same as the weight of the produce.
- the force exerted on the produce by each of the produce grippers is preferably at most approximately 200% of the weight of the produce so that the produce is not damaged.
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 may contact lettuce head 702 below the midline 910 of lettuce head 702 to lift and hold the lettuce head 702 .
- the force exerted by the produce gripper 210 may be approximately the weight of the produce.
- the force exerted by opposing produce gripper 212 may be approximately the weight of the produce.
- lettuce head 702 weighs one pound.
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 each exert approximately one pound of force on lettuce head 702 to hold lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 may contact lettuce head 902 at about the midline 912 of lettuce head 902 to lift and hold the lettuce head 902 .
- the force exerted by both produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 may be 200% of the weight of the produce so that lettuce head 902 is held between produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 .
- the direction of the force exerted on lettuce head 902 is primarily a lateral direction, requiring a greater force exerted by produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 to hold lettuce head 902 off the ground than when the force exerted by the produce grippers has a greater vertical component, as depicted in FIG. 9A .
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are cog-like protrusions.
- the profile of the cog-like protrusions allows mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ) to be self-feeding.
- movable belts 206 and 208 may be configured to be inclined to facilitate lifting of the cut produce from the ground. In other words, the produce does not need to be pushed or placed into the conveyer-type movable belts.
- the cog-like profiles of produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 contact the cut produce on the ground and, as movable belts 206 and 208 move, the cut produce is pulled between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- the cut produce deforms produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 . Once deformed, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 exert a sufficient amount of force to hold the produce between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 as described above.
- the self-feeding process increases the speed of harvesting and minimizes the number of personnel needed to operate the mechanical harvester. Furthermore, the shape of produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 reduces the damage to the produce.
- FIGS. 10A , 10 B, 10 C, and 10 D The transporting process is illustrated in FIGS. 10A , 10 B, 10 C, and 10 D.
- the direction of travel of mechanical harvester 100 brings produce grippers 210 and 212 to the lettuce head 702 .
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 contact the lettuce head 702 to lift lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- FIG. 10A , 10 B, 10 C, and 10 D The transporting process is illustrated in FIGS. 10A , 10 B, 10 C, and 10 D.
- the direction of travel of mechanical harvester 100 FIG. 1
- FIGS. 10B and 10C produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 contact the lettuce head 702 to lift lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are configured to be compressed by lettuce head 702 , such that a sufficient force is exerted on lettuce head 702 to hold lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 .
- FIG. 10D while mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ) continues to travel through the field, movable belts 206 and 208 move so that lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 is transported toward the rear of mechanical harvester 100 ( FIG. 1 ).
- movable belts 206 and 208 may deposit the produce onto a moving platform or an elevator belt 1102 to be transported to a processing platform for further processing. Processing steps may include, but are not limited to, decoring, sorting, trimming, washing, and packaging.
- the moving belts 206 and 208 may also deposit the produce into a storage bin (not shown).
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Priority Applications (18)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/914,905 US20120102907A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Mechanical Produce Harvester |
AU2011319872A AU2011319872A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Mechanical produce harvester |
EA201300506A EA201300506A1 (ru) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Механизированный комбайн для уборки овощей |
MX2013004791A MX350118B (es) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Cosechadora mecánica de productos. |
EP11837033.7A EP2632241A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Mechanical produce harvester |
JP2013536787A JP2013541343A (ja) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | 機械的農産物収穫機 |
PE2013000925A PE20140768A1 (es) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Cosechadora mecanica de productos agricolas |
AP2013006885A AP2013006885A0 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Mechanical produce harvester |
CA2816331A CA2816331C (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Mechanical produce harvester |
BR112013010531A BR112013010531A2 (pt) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | colheitadeira de produto mecânica |
CN2011800538216A CN103338628A (zh) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | 机械生产收割机 |
KR1020137013472A KR20140045295A (ko) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | 기계식 작물 수확기 |
PCT/US2011/057915 WO2012058329A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-26 | Mechanical produce harvester |
IL226010A IL226010A0 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2013-04-28 | Mechanically produced shortening |
CL2013001165A CL2013001165A1 (es) | 2010-10-28 | 2013-04-29 | Cosechadora mecanica para cosechar un producto plantado en el campo, que comprende un chasis, un dispositivo cortador, un ensamble de transporte, una primera banda movil que incluye un primer juego de sujetadores del producto, una segunda banda movil que incluye un segundo juego de sujetadores del producto, en donde una porcion del primer juego de sujetadores se opone a una porcion del segundo juego de sujetadores cuando el producto cortado se sostientre el primer y segundo juego de sujetadores. |
MA35919A MA34674B1 (fr) | 2010-10-28 | 2013-05-16 | Cueilleuse mécanique de produit |
CO13128303A CO6720975A2 (es) | 2010-10-28 | 2013-05-24 | Cosechadora mecánica de productos |
US14/865,406 US9861037B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2015-09-25 | Mechanical produce harvester with gathering belts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/914,905 US20120102907A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Mechanical Produce Harvester |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/865,406 Continuation US9861037B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2015-09-25 | Mechanical produce harvester with gathering belts |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20120102907A1 true US20120102907A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
Family
ID=45994377
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/914,905 Abandoned US20120102907A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Mechanical Produce Harvester |
US14/865,406 Active US9861037B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2015-09-25 | Mechanical produce harvester with gathering belts |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/865,406 Active US9861037B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2015-09-25 | Mechanical produce harvester with gathering belts |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20120102907A1 (xx) |
EP (1) | EP2632241A1 (xx) |
JP (1) | JP2013541343A (xx) |
KR (1) | KR20140045295A (xx) |
CN (1) | CN103338628A (xx) |
AP (1) | AP2013006885A0 (xx) |
AU (1) | AU2011319872A1 (xx) |
BR (1) | BR112013010531A2 (xx) |
CA (1) | CA2816331C (xx) |
CL (1) | CL2013001165A1 (xx) |
CO (1) | CO6720975A2 (xx) |
EA (1) | EA201300506A1 (xx) |
IL (1) | IL226010A0 (xx) |
MA (1) | MA34674B1 (xx) |
MX (1) | MX350118B (xx) |
PE (1) | PE20140768A1 (xx) |
WO (1) | WO2012058329A1 (xx) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8631635B2 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-01-21 | Dole Fresh Vegetables, Inc. | Decoring mechanism with mechanized harvester |
US9861037B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2018-01-09 | Dole Fresh Vegetables, Inc. | Mechanical produce harvester with gathering belts |
US10542672B2 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2020-01-28 | D'arrigo Bros Co. Of California | Harvester and method for leafy plants |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106358585A (zh) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-01 | 山东省泰安市农业机械科学研究所 | 基于悬挂式的大白菜收获机装置 |
CN107114066A (zh) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-01 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | 一种自走式结球类叶菜收获机 |
IT201900008835A1 (it) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-13 | Regina Catene Calibrate Spa | Tampone gommato, in particolare per catene per linee di movimentazione/sollevamento di prodotti. |
KR102289933B1 (ko) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-08-13 | 한국기계연구원 | 연속적 피킹 및 이송 그리퍼 |
IT202100020393A1 (it) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-02-02 | Dari Ecomeccanica Srl | Dispositivo per il taglio e la raccolta automatizzata di verdure |
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2010
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-
2011
- 2011-10-26 AP AP2013006885A patent/AP2013006885A0/xx unknown
- 2011-10-26 PE PE2013000925A patent/PE20140768A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-26 EA EA201300506A patent/EA201300506A1/ru unknown
- 2011-10-26 KR KR1020137013472A patent/KR20140045295A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-26 CN CN2011800538216A patent/CN103338628A/zh active Pending
- 2011-10-26 JP JP2013536787A patent/JP2013541343A/ja active Pending
- 2011-10-26 WO PCT/US2011/057915 patent/WO2012058329A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-26 MX MX2013004791A patent/MX350118B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-26 BR BR112013010531A patent/BR112013010531A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-10-26 EP EP11837033.7A patent/EP2632241A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-10-26 AU AU2011319872A patent/AU2011319872A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-26 CA CA2816331A patent/CA2816331C/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-04-28 IL IL226010A patent/IL226010A0/en unknown
- 2013-04-29 CL CL2013001165A patent/CL2013001165A1/es unknown
- 2013-05-16 MA MA35919A patent/MA34674B1/fr unknown
- 2013-05-24 CO CO13128303A patent/CO6720975A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2015
- 2015-09-25 US US14/865,406 patent/US9861037B2/en active Active
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9861037B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2018-01-09 | Dole Fresh Vegetables, Inc. | Mechanical produce harvester with gathering belts |
US8631635B2 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-01-21 | Dole Fresh Vegetables, Inc. | Decoring mechanism with mechanized harvester |
US9072225B2 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2015-07-07 | Dole Fresh Vegetables, Inc. | Method of harvesting and decoring produce using a mechanical harvester |
US9565801B2 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2017-02-14 | Dole Fresh Vegetables, Inc. | Decoring mechanism with mechanized harvester |
US10542672B2 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2020-01-28 | D'arrigo Bros Co. Of California | Harvester and method for leafy plants |
US10542671B2 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2020-01-28 | D'arrigo Bros Co. Of California | Harvester for leafy plants |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA201300506A1 (ru) | 2013-10-30 |
AU2011319872A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
MA34674B1 (fr) | 2013-11-02 |
CA2816331C (en) | 2019-01-08 |
US20160143223A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
EP2632241A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
CL2013001165A1 (es) | 2014-02-07 |
JP2013541343A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
US9861037B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
AP2013006885A0 (en) | 2013-05-31 |
BR112013010531A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
IL226010A0 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
PE20140768A1 (es) | 2014-07-07 |
WO2012058329A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
MX2013004791A (es) | 2013-07-30 |
MX350118B (es) | 2017-08-28 |
KR20140045295A (ko) | 2014-04-16 |
CN103338628A (zh) | 2013-10-02 |
CA2816331A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
CO6720975A2 (es) | 2013-07-31 |
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