US20120036868A1 - Magnetocaloric thermal applicance - Google Patents
Magnetocaloric thermal applicance Download PDFInfo
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- US20120036868A1 US20120036868A1 US12/857,011 US85701110A US2012036868A1 US 20120036868 A1 US20120036868 A1 US 20120036868A1 US 85701110 A US85701110 A US 85701110A US 2012036868 A1 US2012036868 A1 US 2012036868A1
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- magnetocaloric
- gap
- magnetic
- magnetic field
- thermal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
- F25B2321/0021—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a static fixed magnet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
- F25B2321/0023—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with modulation, influencing or enhancing an existing magnetic field
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising at least one thermal module with at least one magnetocaloric element in contact with a heat transfer fluid and at least one magnetic arrangement arranged so as to create a magnetic field in a gap defined by said magnetic arrangement, in which said gap has at least one opening enabling the passage of said thermal module through said gap by a relative movement between said magnetocaloric element and said gap, where the positions able to be taken by said magnetic arrangement outside of said gap define magnetocaloric region, in which said magnetocaloric region is disposed in an enclosure delimited by said magnetic arrangement.
- the difference of intensity of the magnetic fields, which the magnetocaloric elements are subjected to must be as high as possible.
- the power of such an appliance is directly linked to the difference of magnetic intensity the magnetocaloric elements are subjected to. Therefore, the presence of a magnetic field in the magnetocaloric elements outside of the gap leads to a less high field difference and thus limits the efficiency of the magnetocaloric cycles and of the thermal appliance.
- the magnetic arrangement to provide for a magnetocaloric thermal appliance would require more magnets, thus would be more expensive. Conversely, the suppression of the field leakages allows reducing the cost of the magnetic arrangement.
- the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising a magnetic arrangement whose field outside of its gap is controlled so that magnetocaloric elements only undergo a magnetic field when they are inside of this gap.
- a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising a magnetic arrangement whose field outside of its gap is controlled so that magnetocaloric elements only undergo a magnetic field when they are inside of this gap.
- one or several magnetocaloric elements are subjected alternately to a high magnetic field in the gap defined by the magnetic arrangement and to a zero magnetic field outside of this gap. This change of magnetic field is very fast and can be done the displacement of the magnetic arrangement or of the magnetocaloric elements over a very short length.
- the invention relates to a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising a body forming deflector of magnetic field able to capture and to lead towards the magnetic arrangement flux of magnetic field that appear outside of said gap.
- the deflector allows redirecting the magnetic field flux towards the magnetic arrangement so that the field undergone by a magnetocaloric element is very weak or equal to zero in the region outside of the gap. The result of this is that the magnetic field difference undergone by a magnetocaloric element inside and outside of the gap is maximized, which allows increasing the magnetocaloric effect and thus the magnetocaloric efficiency of the thermal appliance.
- said deflector can comprise at least one plate in a ferromagnetic material linked to the magnetic arrangement.
- said plate can be inside a thermoplastic material overmolded on at least one portion of the magnetocaloric arrangement.
- said deflector can comprise at least one component in a ferromagnetic material able to concentrate magnetic field leakages that appear in the magnetocaloric region and disposed in a space situated between two magnetocaloric elements of said thermal module.
- said enclosure delimited by said magnetic arrangement can have a volume that is higher than the volume of the magnetocaloric region and comprise at least one recess in which said deflector is disposed.
- said deflector can extend in said recess from a region adjacent to the opening of the gap outside the magnetocaloric region and away from the magnetocaloric region.
- the magnetic arrangement can comprise at least a set of two magnetic poles facing each other for forming said gap and linked together at each side of the openings of the gap by a magnetic path returning system and said thermal module can comprise at least one magnetocaloric element and can be able to move in regard to the gap.
- the magnetic arrangement can comprise a rotational structure around a central axis associated with a magnetic return path ring, wherein said rotational structure has N magnetic extending poles defining N gaps with the magnetic return path ring, said magnetic poles being separated each from other by N volumes forming enclosures delimited by said magnetic arrangement and said thermal module can have an annular shape comprising magnetocaloric elements.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to the first embodiment, in a linear configuration of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a view of the magnetic field generator of FIG. 1 showing the magnetic field flux
- FIG. 3 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to a variant of the appliance of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a view of the magnetic field generator of FIG. 3 showing the magnetic field flux
- FIG. 5 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to the second embodiment, in a linear configuration of the invention, showing the magnetic field flux;
- FIG. 6 represents the magnetic field flux of the appliance of FIG. 5 without its deflector
- FIG. 7 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to the first embodiment, in a rotational configuration of the invention, showing the magnetic field flux, and
- FIG. 8 represents the magnetic field flux of the appliance of FIG. 7 without its deflector.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 represents an embodiment of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance 10 according to the invention.
- This appliance 10 comprises a magnetic arrangement 4 with two magnetic poles 17 forming a gap 6 in which a thermal module 2 containing two magnetocaloric elements 3 can move.
- the magnetic poles are linked together by a magnetic path returning system 18 realized by two C-shaped pieces in a ferromagnetic material.
- These both C-shaped pieces 18 define an enclosure delimited by the magnetic arrangement 4 and a recess 15 in which deflectors 11 in the form of flat plates are inserted in a thermoplastic material 14 .
- These deflectors 11 are realized in ferromagnetic material and are disposed parallel to the magnetocaloric region 8 delimited by dotted lines in FIG. 2 .
- the thermal module 2 can move in relation to the gap 6 according to an alternative movement in two opposite directions so that each magnetocaloric element 3 can be introduced in this gap and removed from it alternately.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show the two extreme positions that can be taken by the thermal module 2 .
- the invention is not linked to the movement of the thermal module 2 in relation to the magnetic arrangement 4 , which can also move in relation to one or more fixed thermal modules 2 .
- the operation of such an appliance consists in subjecting magnetocaloric elements 3 to a magnetic field variation while putting them in contact with a heat transfer fluid that circulates in a first direction through or along the magnetocaloric elements when they are in the gap 6 and in the opposite direction when they are outside of the gap 6 .
- a first phase of the magnetic cycle which corresponds to the phase where the magnetocaloric materials or elements 3 are subjected to a magnetic field
- the temperature of the magnetocaloric elements 3 described increase and at the second phase where the magnetic field is equal to zero or very weak, the temperature of the magnetocaloric elements 3 decreases
- This appliance is intended to be linked thermally with one or several applications.
- the thermal contact between the heat transfer fluid and the magnetocaloric elements can be realized by the fluid passing along or through the magnetocaloric materials.
- magnetocaloric elements can be constituted by one or more magnetocaloric materials and can be permeable to the heat transfer fluid. They can comprise fluid conducting passages extending between both ends of the magnetocaloric materials. These passages can be realized by the porosity of the magnetocaloric materials, or by channels machined or obtained by the assembly of plates of magnetocaloric material.
- the heat transfer fluid is a liquid.
- the drawings in appendix do not illustrate the means allowing the displacement of the magnetocaloric elements and of the heat transfer fluid.
- pistons or another adapted mean can displace the heat transfer fluid.
- the magnetocaloric elements 6 can be mounted on a transversally movable carriage (not shown) or on any other suitable mean that can be moved.
- the deflectors with the shape of flat plates 11 aim to capture magnetic field flux that appear outside of the gap 6 and to lead them to the magnetic arrangement 4 so that, when a magnetocaloric element 3 is located outside of the gap 6 , it undergoes a very weak or even no magnetic field.
- the thermal module 2 can also comprise a deflector 13 realized by a piece of ferromagnetic material interposed between two magnetocaloric elements 3 and able to concentrate magnetic field leakages that appear in the magnetocaloric region 8 .
- a deflector 13 realized by a piece of ferromagnetic material interposed between two magnetocaloric elements 3 and able to concentrate magnetic field leakages that appear in the magnetocaloric region 8 .
- the thermal module 2 can also comprise a deflector 13 realized by a piece of ferromagnetic material interposed between two magnetocaloric elements 3 and able to concentrate magnetic field leakages that appear in the magnetocaloric region 8 .
- this piece forming deflector 13 so that when a magnetocaloric element 3 is located outside of the gap 6 , it doesn't undergo any magnetic field.
- magnetic field flux extends in the magnetocaloric region 8 near the gap opening 7 while, on the opposite side, the magnetic field flux is concentrated in the deflector 13 .
- the deflectors 11 , 13 according to the invention permit to ensure that the maximum difference of strength of magnetic field is undergone by each magnetocaloric material or element 3 between its positions inside and outside of the gap 6 .
- the efficiency of the applicant according to the invention is thus increased.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are simplified views of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance 20 according to a variant of the appliance of FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- the differences lie in the shape and in the number of the deflectors 12 .
- this appliance 20 comprises two curved deflectors 12 in each recess 15 formed by the C-shaped magnetic return path system 18 .
- These deflectors 12 are localized outside of the magnetocaloric region 8 and extend from the area close to the opening 7 of the gap 6 to the back of the corresponding recess 15 .
- the invention is not linked to a specific number of deflector plates 11 , 12 , 13 that can vary from one to more than one according to the strength of the magnetic field, the size of the openings of the gap 6 , the shape of the magnetocaloric elements 3 , etc.
- the appliance 30 of FIG. 5 has the same configuration as the appliances 10 and 20 already described. However, it comprises only one deflector 13 between two adjacent magnetocaloric elements 3 in the thermal module 2 , according to the second embodiment of the invention.
- the deflector 13 permits to canalize this magnetic flux and to deflect it from the magnetocaloric material 3 so that it has no influence on said magnetocaloric material (see FIG. 5 ).
- FIG. 7 is a simplified view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance 40 according to the first embodiment, in a rotational configuration.
- the magnetic arrangement 5 comprises a rotational structure around a central axis A associated with a magnetic return path ring 19 .
- Said magnetic arrangement 5 comprises six magnetic extending poles 21 defining six gaps 6 with the magnetic return path ring 19 .
- Six volumes 22 separating the magnetic poles 21 form the enclosure delimited by said magnetic arrangement 5 .
- the thermal module 2 has a ring or annular shape that comprises magnetocaloric elements 3 and the magnetocaloric region 9 corresponds to portions of that ring that are outside of the gaps 6 .
- Two linear plates 11 forming magnetic field flux deflectors are positioned in each volume 22 so that a deflector 11 is assigned to the opening 7 of each gap 6 .
- FIG. 8 shows the appliance of FIG. 7 without its deflectors 11 .
- the comparison of the magnetic flux of both FIGS. 6 and 7 clearly show that the deflectors permit to canalize the magnetic field flux appearing in the magnetocaloric region 9 .
- the same advantages as those in regard to the appliances 10 and 20 apply here for this appliance 40 .
- the magnetic field difference in magnetocaloric elements 3 between their position in the gap 6 and their position in the magnetocaloric region 8 , 9 is thus increased, which allows optimizing the efficiency of the magnetocaloric thermal appliance 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 .
- the higher the magnetic field difference the higher the magnetocaloric effect in the magnetocaloric elements 3 .
- the magnetocaloric thermal appliance 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 according to the invention allows improving efficacy and efficiency.
- Another advantage related to the implementation of deflectors 11 , 12 , 13 in appliances 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 according to the invention relies in the fact that it permits to reduce the size of the enclosure delimited by the magnetic arrangement 4 , 5 in which the magnetocaloric elements 3 are placed when they are outside of the gap 6 .
- the magnetic field decreases when going away from the opening 7 of the gap 6
- This movement would require more space between the magnetocaloric elements 3 and high mechanical efforts due to the permeability of the magnetocaloric material.
- the additional energy to be supplied would therefore reduce the efficiency of the magnetocaloric thermal appliance.
- the presence of a deflector 13 between two consecutive magnetocaloric elements 3 permits to create a continuous magnetic flux inside the thermal module 2 that permits to reduce the energy necessary for the relative displacement of the magnetocaloric material in regard to the magnetic arrangement 4 , 5 (inside and outside of the gap 3 ).
- less mechanical power is useful for moving the magnetocaloric elements 3 and the efficiency of the appliance is increased.
- the deflectors according to the invention thus permit to increase the efficiency of an appliance by obtaining a maximal magnetic field in a magnetocaloric material 3 between its positions in the gap 6 and outside of this gap 6 while optimizing the size of this appliance 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 .
- This magnetocaloric thermal appliance can find an application in the area of heating, air conditioning, tempering, cooling or others, at competitive costs and with reduced space requirements.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising at least one thermal module with at least one magnetocaloric element in contact with a heat transfer fluid and at least one magnetic arrangement arranged so as to create a magnetic field in a gap defined by said magnetic arrangement, in which said gap has at least one opening enabling the passage of said thermal module through said gap by a relative movement between said magnetocaloric element and said gap, where the positions able to be taken by said magnetic arrangement outside of said gap define magnetocaloric region, in which said magnetocaloric region is disposed in an enclosure delimited by said magnetic arrangement.
- The technology of magnetic refrigeration at room temperature is known for more than twenty years and we know its advantages in terms of ecology and sustainable development. We also know its limitations in effective heat capacity and thermal efficiency. Therefore, research in this field tends to improve the performance of such a generator by acting on various parameters like the strength of the magnetic field, the performances of the magnetocaloric material, the heat exchange surface between the heat transfer fluid and the magnetocaloric materials, the performance of the heat exchangers, etc.
- Concerning the magnetic field, the higher the magnetic field in the gap, the stronger the magnetocaloric effect of a magnetocaloric material disposed in this gap. To achieve in an economical way a strong magnetic field, of the order of 1.7 teslas in a magnetocaloric thermal appliance, it is known to realize a magnetic arrangement by using for example permanent magnets.
- However another fact has to be taken in consideration in order to enhance the magnetocaloric effect. It concerns the difference of magnetic field in the region outside of the gap and close to the opening of this gap. The opening of the gap in which one or several magnetocaloric elements are allowed to circulate or to move alternately (or, conversely, the magnetic arrangement is able to move with respect to the fixed magnetocaloric elements) leads to a magnetic field leakage outside of the magnetic arrangement. This implies that the magnetocaloric elements do not pass from a zero magnetic field to a strong magnetic field when they enter the gap and vice-versa when they exit the gap, as it is desired. But they are subjected to a magnetic field when they stay near the gap, outside of the gap. Now, in this type of appliance, the difference of intensity of the magnetic fields, which the magnetocaloric elements are subjected to, must be as high as possible. In fact, the power of such an appliance is directly linked to the difference of magnetic intensity the magnetocaloric elements are subjected to. Therefore, the presence of a magnetic field in the magnetocaloric elements outside of the gap leads to a less high field difference and thus limits the efficiency of the magnetocaloric cycles and of the thermal appliance. For a same magnetic field variation, if the field leakages are not controlled, the magnetic arrangement to provide for a magnetocaloric thermal appliance would require more magnets, thus would be more expensive. Conversely, the suppression of the field leakages allows reducing the cost of the magnetic arrangement.
- The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising a magnetic arrangement whose field outside of its gap is controlled so that magnetocaloric elements only undergo a magnetic field when they are inside of this gap. In other words, in said appliance, one or several magnetocaloric elements are subjected alternately to a high magnetic field in the gap defined by the magnetic arrangement and to a zero magnetic field outside of this gap. This change of magnetic field is very fast and can be done the displacement of the magnetic arrangement or of the magnetocaloric elements over a very short length.
- To that purpose, the invention relates to a magnetocaloric thermal appliance comprising a body forming deflector of magnetic field able to capture and to lead towards the magnetic arrangement flux of magnetic field that appear outside of said gap.
- The deflector allows redirecting the magnetic field flux towards the magnetic arrangement so that the field undergone by a magnetocaloric element is very weak or equal to zero in the region outside of the gap. The result of this is that the magnetic field difference undergone by a magnetocaloric element inside and outside of the gap is maximized, which allows increasing the magnetocaloric effect and thus the magnetocaloric efficiency of the thermal appliance.
- According to one embodiment of the invention, said deflector can comprise at least one plate in a ferromagnetic material linked to the magnetic arrangement.
- Advantageously, said plate can be inside a thermoplastic material overmolded on at least one portion of the magnetocaloric arrangement.
- According to another embodiment of the invention, said deflector can comprise at least one component in a ferromagnetic material able to concentrate magnetic field leakages that appear in the magnetocaloric region and disposed in a space situated between two magnetocaloric elements of said thermal module.
- Preferably, said enclosure delimited by said magnetic arrangement can have a volume that is higher than the volume of the magnetocaloric region and comprise at least one recess in which said deflector is disposed.
- In that case, said deflector can extend in said recess from a region adjacent to the opening of the gap outside the magnetocaloric region and away from the magnetocaloric region.
- In a first configuration, the magnetic arrangement can comprise at least a set of two magnetic poles facing each other for forming said gap and linked together at each side of the openings of the gap by a magnetic path returning system and said thermal module can comprise at least one magnetocaloric element and can be able to move in regard to the gap.
- In a second configuration, the magnetic arrangement can comprise a rotational structure around a central axis associated with a magnetic return path ring, wherein said rotational structure has N magnetic extending poles defining N gaps with the magnetic return path ring, said magnetic poles being separated each from other by N volumes forming enclosures delimited by said magnetic arrangement and said thermal module can have an annular shape comprising magnetocaloric elements.
- The present invention and its advantages will be better revealed in the following description of embodiments given as non limiting examples, in reference to the drawings in appendix, in which:
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FIG. 1 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to the first embodiment, in a linear configuration of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is a view of the magnetic field generator ofFIG. 1 showing the magnetic field flux; -
FIG. 3 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to a variant of the appliance ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a view of the magnetic field generator ofFIG. 3 showing the magnetic field flux; -
FIG. 5 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to the second embodiment, in a linear configuration of the invention, showing the magnetic field flux; -
FIG. 6 represents the magnetic field flux of the appliance ofFIG. 5 without its deflector; -
FIG. 7 is a simplified front view of a magnetocaloric thermal appliance according to the first embodiment, in a rotational configuration of the invention, showing the magnetic field flux, and -
FIG. 8 represents the magnetic field flux of the appliance ofFIG. 7 without its deflector. - In the illustrated embodiments, identical parts carry the same numerical references.
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FIGS. 1 and 2 represents an embodiment of a magnetocaloricthermal appliance 10 according to the invention. Thisappliance 10 comprises amagnetic arrangement 4 with twomagnetic poles 17 forming agap 6 in which athermal module 2 containing twomagnetocaloric elements 3 can move. The magnetic poles are linked together by a magneticpath returning system 18 realized by two C-shaped pieces in a ferromagnetic material. These both C-shaped pieces 18 define an enclosure delimited by themagnetic arrangement 4 and arecess 15 in whichdeflectors 11 in the form of flat plates are inserted in athermoplastic material 14. Thesedeflectors 11 are realized in ferromagnetic material and are disposed parallel to themagnetocaloric region 8 delimited by dotted lines inFIG. 2 . - The
thermal module 2 can move in relation to thegap 6 according to an alternative movement in two opposite directions so that eachmagnetocaloric element 3 can be introduced in this gap and removed from it alternately.FIGS. 1 and 2 show the two extreme positions that can be taken by thethermal module 2. Of course, the invention is not linked to the movement of thethermal module 2 in relation to themagnetic arrangement 4, which can also move in relation to one or more fixedthermal modules 2. - The operation of such an appliance consists in subjecting
magnetocaloric elements 3 to a magnetic field variation while putting them in contact with a heat transfer fluid that circulates in a first direction through or along the magnetocaloric elements when they are in thegap 6 and in the opposite direction when they are outside of thegap 6. At a first phase of the magnetic cycle which corresponds to the phase where the magnetocaloric materials orelements 3 are subjected to a magnetic field, the temperature of themagnetocaloric elements 3 described increase and at the second phase where the magnetic field is equal to zero or very weak, the temperature of themagnetocaloric elements 3 decreases For materials with inverse magnetocaloric effect, their temperature decreases when they are in a magnetic gap and their temperature increases when they are out of said gap. This appliance is intended to be linked thermally with one or several applications. - The thermal contact between the heat transfer fluid and the magnetocaloric elements can be realized by the fluid passing along or through the magnetocaloric materials. For this purpose, magnetocaloric elements can be constituted by one or more magnetocaloric materials and can be permeable to the heat transfer fluid. They can comprise fluid conducting passages extending between both ends of the magnetocaloric materials. These passages can be realized by the porosity of the magnetocaloric materials, or by channels machined or obtained by the assembly of plates of magnetocaloric material. Preferably, the heat transfer fluid is a liquid. For that purpose, it is possible to use pure water or water added with an antifreeze, a glycol product or a brine. The drawings in appendix do not illustrate the means allowing the displacement of the magnetocaloric elements and of the heat transfer fluid. To this purpose, pistons or another adapted mean can displace the heat transfer fluid. The
magnetocaloric elements 6 can be mounted on a transversally movable carriage (not shown) or on any other suitable mean that can be moved. - As can be seen in
FIG. 2 , the deflectors with the shape offlat plates 11 aim to capture magnetic field flux that appear outside of thegap 6 and to lead them to themagnetic arrangement 4 so that, when amagnetocaloric element 3 is located outside of thegap 6, it undergoes a very weak or even no magnetic field. - According to a second embodiment of the invention, also displayed in
FIG. 2 , thethermal module 2 can also comprise adeflector 13 realized by a piece of ferromagnetic material interposed between twomagnetocaloric elements 3 and able to concentrate magnetic field leakages that appear in themagnetocaloric region 8. In this way, it is ensured that the possible residual magnetic field flux or leakage in themagnetocaloric region 8 is captured and canalized by thispiece forming deflector 13 so that when amagnetocaloric element 3 is located outside of thegap 6, it doesn't undergo any magnetic field. For that purpose, on the left hand side ofFIG. 2 , magnetic field flux extends in themagnetocaloric region 8 near thegap opening 7 while, on the opposite side, the magnetic field flux is concentrated in thedeflector 13. - The
deflectors element 3 between its positions inside and outside of thegap 6. In regard to an identical appliance that does not comprise any deflector, the efficiency of the applicant according to the invention is thus increased. -
FIGS. 3 and 4 are simplified views of a magnetocaloricthermal appliance 20 according to a variant of the appliance ofFIGS. 1 and 2 . The differences lie in the shape and in the number of thedeflectors 12. Indeed, thisappliance 20 comprises twocurved deflectors 12 in eachrecess 15 formed by the C-shaped magneticreturn path system 18. Thesedeflectors 12 are localized outside of themagnetocaloric region 8 and extend from the area close to theopening 7 of thegap 6 to the back of thecorresponding recess 15. - The same advantages as those previously described in connection with the
appliance 10 ofFIGS. 1 and 2 apply also to thisappliance 20, so that themagnetocaloric element 3 in themagnetocaloric region 8 is submitted to a very weak, even to magnetic field equal to zero. - The invention is not linked to a specific number of
deflector plates gap 6, the shape of themagnetocaloric elements 3, etc. - The
appliance 30 ofFIG. 5 has the same configuration as theappliances deflector 13 between two adjacentmagnetocaloric elements 3 in thethermal module 2, according to the second embodiment of the invention. When we compare the magnetic field flux in the vicinity of thegap opening 7 positioned at the left hand side of theFIGS. 5 and 6 , we see that without thispiece 13 of ferromagnetic material forming the deflector, some leakage flux subjects themagnetocaloric element 3 that is outside of thegap 6 to a magnetic field (seeFIG. 6 ). The presence of thedeflector 13 permits to canalize this magnetic flux and to deflect it from themagnetocaloric material 3 so that it has no influence on said magnetocaloric material (seeFIG. 5 ). -
FIG. 7 is a simplified view of a magnetocaloricthermal appliance 40 according to the first embodiment, in a rotational configuration. In thisappliance 40, themagnetic arrangement 5 comprises a rotational structure around a central axis A associated with a magneticreturn path ring 19. Saidmagnetic arrangement 5 comprises six magnetic extendingpoles 21 defining sixgaps 6 with the magneticreturn path ring 19. Sixvolumes 22 separating themagnetic poles 21 form the enclosure delimited by saidmagnetic arrangement 5. In this configuration, thethermal module 2 has a ring or annular shape that comprisesmagnetocaloric elements 3 and themagnetocaloric region 9 corresponds to portions of that ring that are outside of thegaps 6. Twolinear plates 11 forming magnetic field flux deflectors are positioned in eachvolume 22 so that adeflector 11 is assigned to theopening 7 of eachgap 6. -
FIG. 8 shows the appliance ofFIG. 7 without itsdeflectors 11. The comparison of the magnetic flux of bothFIGS. 6 and 7 clearly show that the deflectors permit to canalize the magnetic field flux appearing in themagnetocaloric region 9. The same advantages as those in regard to theappliances appliance 40. - Thanks to the invention, the magnetic field difference in
magnetocaloric elements 3 between their position in thegap 6 and their position in themagnetocaloric region thermal appliance - As an example, in a magnetocaloric
thermal appliance 10 like this represented inFIG. 2 , the magnetic field difference between themagnetocaloric region 8 and thegap 6 is equal to 1.7 (inside the gap)−0.3 (in the vicinity of the gap opening, outside of the gap)=1.4 teslas when there is no deflector, while it is equal to (rounded up to the hundredth) 1.7−0.0019=1.7 teslas in presence of thedeflectors magnetocaloric elements 3. The magnetocaloricthermal appliance - Another advantage related to the implementation of
deflectors appliances magnetic arrangement magnetocaloric elements 3 are placed when they are outside of thegap 6. Indeed, since the magnetic field decreases when going away from theopening 7 of thegap 6, without the presence of the deflectors according to the invention and in order to subject amagnetocaloric element 3 to a magnetic field difference of 1.7 teslas, it would be necessary to move it more than 100 millimeters away from theopening 7 of thegap 6. This movement would require more space between themagnetocaloric elements 3 and high mechanical efforts due to the permeability of the magnetocaloric material. The additional energy to be supplied would therefore reduce the efficiency of the magnetocaloric thermal appliance. - Moreover, the presence of a
deflector 13 between two consecutivemagnetocaloric elements 3 permits to create a continuous magnetic flux inside thethermal module 2 that permits to reduce the energy necessary for the relative displacement of the magnetocaloric material in regard to themagnetic arrangement 4, 5 (inside and outside of the gap 3). Thus, less mechanical power is useful for moving themagnetocaloric elements 3 and the efficiency of the appliance is increased. - The deflectors according to the invention thus permit to increase the efficiency of an appliance by obtaining a maximal magnetic field in a
magnetocaloric material 3 between its positions in thegap 6 and outside of thisgap 6 while optimizing the size of thisappliance - Consequently, the efficiency of such a magnetocaloric thermal appliance is higher than that of the known appliances.
- This description shows clearly that the invention allows reaching the goals defined, that is to say to offer a magnetocaloric thermal appliance whose efficiency is optimized thanks to the achievement of a higher magnetic field difference undergone by a
magnetocaloric element 3 between the outside zone of thegap 6 and thegap 6 obtained by canalizing and deflecting the magnetic field flux appearing outside of thegap 6. - This magnetocaloric thermal appliance can find an application in the area of heating, air conditioning, tempering, cooling or others, at competitive costs and with reduced space requirements.
- The present invention is not restricted to the examples of embodiment described, but extends to any modification or variant which is obvious to a person skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of the protection defined in the attached claims.
Claims (9)
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US12/857,011 US9435570B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2010-08-16 | Magnetocaloric thermal appliance |
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US12/857,011 US9435570B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2010-08-16 | Magnetocaloric thermal appliance |
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US20120036868A1 true US20120036868A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
US9435570B2 US9435570B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 |
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US12/857,011 Active 2033-11-15 US9435570B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2010-08-16 | Magnetocaloric thermal appliance |
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US20120074130A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2012-03-29 | Cooltech Applications | Magnetocaloric heat appliance comprising a magnetic field generator |
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US10222101B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-03-05 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10274231B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-04-30 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US10281177B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-05-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US10288326B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-05-14 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Conduction heat pump |
US10295227B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-05-21 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US10299655B2 (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2019-05-28 | General Electric Company | Caloric heat pump dishwasher appliance |
US10386096B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-08-20 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magnet assembly for a magneto-caloric heat pump |
US10422555B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2019-09-24 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with a caloric heat pump |
US10443585B2 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2019-10-15 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Pump for a heat pump system |
US10451322B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2019-10-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with a caloric heat pump |
US10451320B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2019-10-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with water condensing features |
US10520229B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2019-12-31 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump for an appliance |
US10527325B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2020-01-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance |
US10551095B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-02-04 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10557649B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-02-11 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Variable temperature magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10641539B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-05 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10648705B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-12 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10648704B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-12 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10648706B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-12 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with an axially pinned magneto-caloric cylinder |
US10684044B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-06-16 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with a rotating heat exchanger |
US10782051B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-09-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10830506B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-11-10 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Variable speed magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10876770B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-12-29 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Method for operating an elasto-caloric heat pump with variable pre-strain |
US10989449B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-04-27 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with radial supports |
US11009282B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2021-05-18 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with a caloric heat pump |
US11015842B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-05-25 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with radial polarity alignment |
US11015843B2 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2021-05-25 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump hydraulic system |
US11022348B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2021-06-01 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump for an appliance |
US11054176B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-07-06 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with a modular magnet system |
US11092364B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2021-08-17 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with a heat transfer fluid circuit |
US11112146B2 (en) | 2019-02-12 | 2021-09-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Heat pump and cascaded caloric regenerator assembly |
US11149994B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-10-19 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Uneven flow valve for a caloric regenerator |
US11168926B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-11-09 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Leveraged mechano-caloric heat pump |
US11193697B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-12-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Fan speed control method for caloric heat pump systems |
US11274860B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2022-03-15 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Mechano-caloric stage with inner and outer sleeves |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120074130A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2012-03-29 | Cooltech Applications | Magnetocaloric heat appliance comprising a magnetic field generator |
US10299655B2 (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2019-05-28 | General Electric Company | Caloric heat pump dishwasher appliance |
US10047979B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2018-08-14 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10274231B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-04-30 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US9915448B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2018-03-13 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10006674B2 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-06-26 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10006672B2 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-06-26 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10006675B2 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-06-26 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10648703B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2020-05-12 | Haier US Applicance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US10047980B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2018-08-14 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10222101B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-03-05 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US9869493B1 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-16 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Linearly-actuated magnetocaloric heat pump |
US10281177B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-05-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US10295227B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2019-05-21 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump system |
US10443585B2 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2019-10-15 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Pump for a heat pump system |
US9857106B1 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2018-01-02 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Heat pump valve assembly |
US9857105B1 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2018-01-02 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Heat pump with a compliant seal |
US10288326B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-05-14 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Conduction heat pump |
US10386096B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-08-20 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magnet assembly for a magneto-caloric heat pump |
US10527325B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2020-01-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance |
US11009282B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2021-05-18 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with a caloric heat pump |
US10451320B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2019-10-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with water condensing features |
US10451322B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2019-10-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with a caloric heat pump |
US10422555B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2019-09-24 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator appliance with a caloric heat pump |
US10520229B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2019-12-31 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump for an appliance |
US11022348B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2021-06-01 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump for an appliance |
US10648705B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-12 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10557649B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-02-11 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Variable temperature magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10648704B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-12 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10648706B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-12 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with an axially pinned magneto-caloric cylinder |
US10551095B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-02-04 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10782051B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-09-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10830506B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-11-10 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Variable speed magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10876770B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-12-29 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Method for operating an elasto-caloric heat pump with variable pre-strain |
US10641539B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2020-05-05 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly |
US10989449B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-04-27 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with radial supports |
US11015842B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-05-25 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with radial polarity alignment |
US11054176B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-07-06 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with a modular magnet system |
US10684044B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-06-16 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with a rotating heat exchanger |
US11092364B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2021-08-17 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly with a heat transfer fluid circuit |
US11149994B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-10-19 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Uneven flow valve for a caloric regenerator |
US11168926B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-11-09 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Leveraged mechano-caloric heat pump |
US11193697B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-12-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Fan speed control method for caloric heat pump systems |
US11274860B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2022-03-15 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Mechano-caloric stage with inner and outer sleeves |
US11112146B2 (en) | 2019-02-12 | 2021-09-07 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Heat pump and cascaded caloric regenerator assembly |
US11015843B2 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2021-05-25 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Caloric heat pump hydraulic system |
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