US20120012036A1 - Once Through Steam Generator - Google Patents
Once Through Steam Generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120012036A1 US20120012036A1 US12/837,072 US83707210A US2012012036A1 US 20120012036 A1 US20120012036 A1 US 20120012036A1 US 83707210 A US83707210 A US 83707210A US 2012012036 A1 US2012012036 A1 US 2012012036A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- flue gas
- air
- combustion air
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
- F23B80/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for returning flue gases to the combustion chamber or to the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application does not claim the benefit of any pending patent application.
- This application is not referenced in any microfiche appendix.
- The present invention is generally directed toward an apparatus to create steam. More specifically, the present invention is directed toward a once through steam generator.
- The prior art has many different types of steam generating systems and apparatus. These prior art systems and apparatus, however, are not the most efficient or effective. Additionally, these systems have a significant amount of solids deposition on the inner surfaced of the steam generator tubes. Additionally, the cost to erect these apparatus is typically very expensive. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved steam generator.
- The present invention is generally directed toward a once-through steam generator (OTSG).
- One aspect of the present invention discloses once-through steam generator having a steam generation apparatus in communication with a combustion apparatus and a combustion air input/output apparatus. Combustion air enters the OTSG through the air input/output apparatus and is then fed into a combustion apparatus to generate flue gas. The flue gas is then fed into the steam generation apparatus to generate steam. The flue gas is returned to the air input/output apparatus by way of a flue gas recirculation (FGR) stream where it can either be released from the system or mixed with new combustion air and recycled back through the combustion system. The steam that is created is then used with the recovery of oil from a reservoir.
- One aspect of the combustion system portion of the present invention discloses a combustion air fan, a burner and a combustion chamber. The combustion air fan pulls combustion air through the air input/output apparatus through the burner and into the combustion chamber. When the combustion air passes through burner it is mixed with fuel to create a fuel/air mixture. This mixture combusts when it is inside the combustion chamber producing flue gas.
- One aspect of the steam generator system portion of the present invention provides for the creation of steam through a once-through steam generation (OTSG) process. A series of tubes are arranged in a coiled configuration. Feedwater in introduced into the tubes through an inlet. Once the water has been converted into steam, the steam exits the tubes through an outlet. Flue gas is introduced into the steam generator system and passed over the tubes. Due to the temperature differential between the temperature of the feedwater and flue gas, the feedwater is converted into steam. The flue gas then exits the steam generator system portion through a flue gas recirculation stream where it is returned to the air input/output apparatus.
- One aspect of the air input/output portion of the present invention provides for the in-flow of combustion air and an out-flow of flue gas. Combustion air enters the air input/output portion through an inlet/outlet opening and passes through an air control damper in to a combustion air duct. Once the combustion air passes into the combustion air duct, it is then introduced into the combustion portion of the present invention where it is converted into flue gas. Once the flue gas has heated the feedwater and has exited the steam generator system portion of the present invention, it passes through a flue gas recirculation damper and back into the input/output portion of the present invention allowing the flue gas to be recycled back into the combustion system.
- Upon reading the included description, various alternative embodiments will become obvious to those skilled in the art. These embodiments are to be considered within the scope and spirit of the subject invention, which is only limited by the claims which follow and their equivalents.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the once-through steam generating inventive system described herein. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of combustion system contained within the once-through steam generating inventive system described in herein. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of steam generator system contained within the once-through steam generating inventive system described in herein. -
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of air input/output system contained within the once-through steam generating inventive system described in herein. - The following detailed description shows the best currently contemplated modes of carrying out the invention. The description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and the best mode for practicing the invention, since the scope of the invention is best defined by the appended claims. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in a variety of ways. It is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and not of limitation.
- Referring now to
FIG. 1 , shown is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the present invention. Numeral 10 broadly denotes the overall process.Combustion air 12 enters the process through an air input/output apparatus 13 and is then fed into acombustion system 20 to generateflue gas 28. Theflue gas 28 is then fed into asteam generation system 40 to generatesteam 44. Theflue gas 28 is returned to the air input/output apparatus by creating a Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR)stream 30. Depending on the heat needs of the process, theflue gas 28 is either recycled back through thecombustion system 20 mixing with, and preheating, thecombustion air 12 that is entering into the air input/output apparatus 13 or is release through the input/output apparatus 13. Thesteam 44 that is created is then used with the recovery of oil from a reservoir. - Having broadly discussed the overall process, numerous advantages attributable to the process are evinced. These include i) improved combustion efficiency due to the preheating of combustion air with the heat of recirculated flue gas that would normally go out the stack; ii) improved oil recovery from a reservoir through increased reliability of the steam generator; iii) enhanced steam generation due to a reduction in dissolved solids deposition on the inner surfaces of the steam generator tubes; iv) lower stack emissions of NOx and v) improved erection cost and vi) improved shipping costs due to a more compact combustion system or vii) any combination of these features.
- Referring now to
FIG. 2 , an embodiment ofcombustion system 20 is shown in a more detailed schematic. In the embodiment shown,combustion system 20 is provided for the combustion ofcombustion air 12 intoflue gas 28. Acombustion air fan 22, aburner 24 and acombustion chamber 26 are provided for thesystem 20. Thecombustion air fan 22 is useful to pullcombustion air 12 through the air input/output apparatus 13 and into thecombustion system 20 and push theair 12 through theburner 24 and into thecombustion chamber 26. Thecombustion air 12 passes throughburner 24 where it is mixed with fuel to create a fuel/air mixture which then combusts withincombustion chamber 26 producingflue gas 28. - The fuel, contained in any of air or oxygen mixture, may be selected from any suitable hydrocarbon fuel, non limiting examples of which include natural gas, bitumen, fuel oil, heavy oil, residuum, emulsified fuel, asphaltenes, petcoke, coal, and combinations thereof.
- Referring now to
FIG. 3 , an embodiment ofsteam generator system 40 is shown in a more detailed schematic. In the embodiment shown,steam generator system 40 is provided for the generation ofsteam 44 through a once-through steam generation (OTSG) process. A series oftubes 46 in a coiled configuration are provided for thissystem 40. Thetubes 46 have afeedwater inlet 41 andsteam outlet 43.Feedwater 42 is introduced intotubes 46 throughfeedwater inlet 41 and pass throughtubes 46.Flue gas 28 passed overtubes 46. Due to the temperature differential between the temperature offeedwater 41 andflue gas 28,feedwater 41 is converted intosteam 46.Steam 46 exits thesystem 40 throughsteam outlet 43.Flue gas 28 is combined with fluegas recirculation stream 30 where thegas 28 is returned to the air input/output apparatus 13. - In this embodiment,
tubes 46 are placed in acombination counter-current 48/co-current 50 configuration. This configuration provides for the minimization of the creation of solid deposits in the tubes. Thetubes 52 which are part of thecounter-current section 48 are cooler in temperature and make better use of the temperature difference between theflue gas 28 and thefeedwater 42. The evaporation offeedwater 42 intosteam 44 occurs intubes 54 which are part of theco-current section 50. By having all the evaporation in thetubes 54 that are part of theco-current section 50, the water-steam is in placed in an up-flow which encourages proper flow through thetubes 46 and helps relieve steam bubbles that have formed withinfeedwater 42. - Referring now to
FIG. 4 , air input/output apparatus 13 shown is a more detailed schematic of the process according to one embodiment. In the embodiment shown, air input/output apparatus 13 is provided for in-flow ofcombustion air 12 and out-flow offlue gas 28. An inlet/outlet 14, anair control damper 16,combustion air duct 18 and a FGR control damper 56 are provided. - The
combustion air duct 18 is in communication with thecombustion system 20. Due to the negative pressure within thecombustion air duct 18 created by thecombustion fan 22,combustion air 12 enters the air input/output apparatus 13 through the inlet/outlet 14 and passes through theair control damper 16 and thecombustion air duct 18 into thecombustion system 20. - Once the
combustion air 12 passes through thecombustion system 20 and is converted intoflue gas 28, theflue gas 28 passed throughsteam generator system 40 and enters into air input/output apparatus 13 and passes through the FGR damper 56. Depending on the heat needs of thecombustion system 20,flue gas 28 is either recycled back through the system or released from the system. The amount ofcombustion air 12 andflue gas 28 that is introduced into thecombustion system 20 can be controlled by the opening and closing ofair control damper 16 and FGR control damper 56. - When the heat needs require less heat to the
combustion system 20, FGR control damper 56 closes allowingflue gas 28 to escape through the air inlet/outlet 14. When the heat needs require more heat, the FGR control damper 56 opens to allowflue gas 28 to be drawn into thecombustion air duct 18 via the negative pressure created by thecombustion fan 22. When theflue gas 28 enters thecombustion air duct 18, it mixes withcombustion air 12 being drawn into the system through air inlet/outlet 14. Due to the heat of theflue gas 28,combustion air 12 is preheated prior to its entry into thecombustion system 20. This preheating allows for more combustion efficiency. - By controlling the amount of
combustion air 12 andflue gas 28 that is introduced into thecombustion system 20, the amount of heat within thesteam generator system 40 can be controlled. This in turn allows for the control of the amount of heat that is used for the creation ofsteam 44, which allows for a control of the amount of solid deposits within the inside oftubes 46 that is created during the evaporation process. - While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, such disclosures should not be regarded as any limitation of the scope of our invention. The true scope of our invention is defined in the appended claims. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims shall be construed to include both the preferred embodiment and all such variations and modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
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US12/837,072 US20120012036A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2010-07-15 | Once Through Steam Generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US12/837,072 US20120012036A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2010-07-15 | Once Through Steam Generator |
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US20120012036A1 true US20120012036A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
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US12/837,072 Abandoned US20120012036A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2010-07-15 | Once Through Steam Generator |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180164605A1 (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-14 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Contact lens and method for making the same |
CN114791101A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Hybrid steam generator system of power plant nuclear power device |
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US3162179A (en) * | 1962-12-05 | 1964-12-22 | Gilbert Associates | Fluid circulation system for a oncethrough type steam generator |
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2010
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180164605A1 (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-14 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Contact lens and method for making the same |
CN114791101A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Hybrid steam generator system of power plant nuclear power device |
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