US20110290477A1 - Method for monitoring deformation of well equipment - Google Patents

Method for monitoring deformation of well equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110290477A1
US20110290477A1 US13/142,451 US200913142451A US2011290477A1 US 20110290477 A1 US20110290477 A1 US 20110290477A1 US 200913142451 A US200913142451 A US 200913142451A US 2011290477 A1 US2011290477 A1 US 2011290477A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
well equipment
well
rod
optical fiber
carrier rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/142,451
Inventor
Kari-Mikko Jääskeläinen
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Shell USA Inc
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US13/142,451 priority Critical patent/US20110290477A1/en
Assigned to SHELL OIL COMPANY reassignment SHELL OIL COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAASKELAINEN, KARI-MIKKO
Publication of US20110290477A1 publication Critical patent/US20110290477A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
    • E21B47/017—Protecting measuring instruments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/023—Arrangements for connecting cables or wirelines to downhole devices
    • E21B17/026—Arrangements for fixing cables or wirelines to the outside of downhole devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/08—Screens or liners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/007—Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • E21B47/07—Temperature
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
    • E21B47/135—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency using light waves, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
    • G01V8/16—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver using optical fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring deformation of well equipment.
  • a method of monitoring deformation, strain, temperature and/or other physical characteristics of a casing, sandscreen, electrical heater and/or other tubular or cylindrical well equipment in a well traversing an underground formation comprising:
  • the carrier rod comprises a material having similar thermal expansion, and mechanical properties as the casing, sandscreen, electrical heater and/or other well equipment.
  • the carrier rod may be arranged on a coil and bent into a substantially straight position before it is lowered into the well and may be attached along selected intervals of its length by straps, welding, brazing and/or a bonding agent to the casing, sandscreen and/or other well equipment before it is lowered into the well.
  • the carrier rod may be secured to a tubular piece of well equipment by filling at least part of an annular space between the outer surface of the well equipment and the inner surface of the wellbore with a cement or other hardening composition and/or by expanding the tubular piece of well equipment such that at least part of an outer surface thereof is pressed against the inner surface of the wellbore.
  • a plurality of carrier rods with optical fiber assemblies embedded in longitudinal recess are arranged at regular circumferential intervals around the outer surface of a tubular or cylindrical piece of well equipment.
  • the method according to the invention may be used to monitor deformation of tubular or cylindrical well equipment during crude hydrocarbon fluid production operations and/or during steam injection into or electrical heating of a hydrocarbon containing formation, and wherein the monitored deformation of the well equipment is taken into account to adapt, modify and/or control the hydrocarbon fluid production, steam injection and/or electrical heating operations.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of bend well casing within a curved wellbore
  • FIG. 2 shows, at a larger scale than in FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view of the bend well casing of FIG. 1 around which four rods with recesses in which strain monitoring optical fiber assemblies are arranged;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross sectional view of a section of a well casing to which a rod with a recess, in which a strain monitoring assembly is arranged, is secured by spot welding;
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional view of a section of a well casing to which a rod with a plurality of recesses, in which a strain monitoring assemblies are arranged, is secured by spot welding;
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the rod, wherein the rod has a square cross-sectional shape
  • FIG. 6 shows another alternative embodiment of the rod, wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape
  • FIG. 7 shows yet another alternative embodiment of the rod, wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape
  • FIG. 1 shows a curved wellbore 1 in which a bend casing 2 is arranged.
  • the casing 2 is secured within the wellbore 1 by cement 3 , which fills the annular space between the outer surface of the casing 2 and the inner surface of the wellbore 1 .
  • each rod has a recess in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 5 A- 5 D is embedded.
  • the rods 4 A- 4 D are preferably made of the same metal as the casing 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows in more detail a cross sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a rod 14 , wherein the rod has a rectangular shape and is arranged in a cement body 12 between the inner surface 11 of a wellbore in an underground earth formation 10 and the outer surface 13 of a casing 9 .
  • the rod 14 has a recess 16 in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 15 is embedded within a protective filler 17 .
  • the rod 14 is secured at selected intervals along its length to the outer surface 13 of the casing 9 by spot welds 18 A-B.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional view of an another alternative embodiment of a rod 24 , wherein the rod has a trapezoidal shape and is arranged in a cement body 22 between the inner surface 21 of a wellbore in an underground earth formation 20 and the outer surface 23 of a casing 19 .
  • the rod 24 has at each of its four sides a recess 26 A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 25 A-D is embedded within a protective filler 27 A-D.
  • the rod 24 is secured at selected intervals along its length to the outer surface 23 of the casing 19 by spot welds 28 A-B.
  • the optical fiber 25 C is configured to measure temperature.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a rod 34 , wherein the rod has a square cross-sectional shape an has at each of its four sides a recess 36 A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 35 A-D is embedded with a protective filler 37 A-D.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a rod 44 , wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape an has at each of its four sides a recess 46 A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 45 A-D is embedded with a protective filler 47 A-D.
  • the rod 44 is surrounded by two concentric layers of protective coatings 48 , 49 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a rod 54 , wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape an has at each of its four sides a recess 56 A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 55 A-D is embedded with a protective filler 57 A-D.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

A method of monitoring deformation and other characteristics of a casing or other tubular or cylindrical well equipment in a well traversing an underground formation, comprises:—providing a carrier rod having at least one recess extending along at least part of the length of the rod, in which recess an optical fiber assembly for monitoring strain, temperature and/or other physical parameters is arranged, which assembly is along at least part of its length bonded within the recess;—lowering the carrier rod and well equipment simultaneously into the well such that the rod is arranged in an annular space between the well equipment and the wellbore;—securing the rod at a plurality of locations distributed along its length to the well equipment; and—connecting the optical fiber assembly to an optical signal transmission and reception assembly for monitoring the physical parameters of the well equipment.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The invention relates to a method for monitoring deformation of well equipment.
  • The current approach to monitor deformation of a well casing or other well equipment is to attach or glue fiber optical or other sensing cables directly to the well casing or other well equipment. Such installation of the sensing cable is cumbersome and time consuming with a significant risk of breaking the cable during attachment or during deployment in the well.
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for monitoring deformation of a casing or other well equipment using a optical fiber assembly which can be attached quickly to the well casing and such that the optical fiber assembly is adequately protected against breaking during attachment or during deployment in the well.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In accordance with the invention there is provided a method of monitoring deformation, strain, temperature and/or other physical characteristics of a casing, sandscreen, electrical heater and/or other tubular or cylindrical well equipment in a well traversing an underground formation, the method comprising:
      • providing a carrier rod having at least one recess extending along at least part of the length of the rod, in which recess a optical fiber assembly for monitoring strain, temperature and/or other physical parameters is arranged, which optical fiber assembly is along at least part of its length bonded within the recess;
      • lowering the carrier rod and well equipment simultaneously into the well such that the carrier rod is arranged in an annular space between the outer surface of the well equipment and the inner surface of the wellbore;
      • securing the carrier rod at a plurality of locations distributed along its length to the well equipment;
      • connecting the optical fiber assembly to an optical signal transmission and reception assembly which is configured to transmit optical signals through the optical fiber assembly and to monitor deformation, strain, temperature and/or other physical parameters of the well equipment on the basis of any relationship between these parameters and reflection and/or modification of optical signals at different locations along the length of the optical fiber assembly.
  • It is preferred that the carrier rod comprises a material having similar thermal expansion, and mechanical properties as the casing, sandscreen, electrical heater and/or other well equipment.
  • The carrier rod may be arranged on a coil and bent into a substantially straight position before it is lowered into the well and may be attached along selected intervals of its length by straps, welding, brazing and/or a bonding agent to the casing, sandscreen and/or other well equipment before it is lowered into the well.
  • Alternatively, the carrier rod may be secured to a tubular piece of well equipment by filling at least part of an annular space between the outer surface of the well equipment and the inner surface of the wellbore with a cement or other hardening composition and/or by expanding the tubular piece of well equipment such that at least part of an outer surface thereof is pressed against the inner surface of the wellbore.
  • Optionally, a plurality of carrier rods with optical fiber assemblies embedded in longitudinal recess are arranged at regular circumferential intervals around the outer surface of a tubular or cylindrical piece of well equipment.
  • The method according to the invention may be used to monitor deformation of tubular or cylindrical well equipment during crude hydrocarbon fluid production operations and/or during steam injection into or electrical heating of a hydrocarbon containing formation, and wherein the monitored deformation of the well equipment is taken into account to adapt, modify and/or control the hydrocarbon fluid production, steam injection and/or electrical heating operations.
  • These and other features, embodiments and advantages of the method and according to the invention are described in the accompanying claims, abstract and the following detailed description of preferred embodiments disclosed in the accompanying drawings in which reference numerals are used which refer to corresponding reference numerals that are shown in the drawings.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of bend well casing within a curved wellbore;
  • FIG. 2 shows, at a larger scale than in FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view of the bend well casing of FIG. 1 around which four rods with recesses in which strain monitoring optical fiber assemblies are arranged;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross sectional view of a section of a well casing to which a rod with a recess, in which a strain monitoring assembly is arranged, is secured by spot welding;
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional view of a section of a well casing to which a rod with a plurality of recesses, in which a strain monitoring assemblies are arranged, is secured by spot welding;
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the rod, wherein the rod has a square cross-sectional shape;
  • FIG. 6 shows another alternative embodiment of the rod, wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape; and
  • FIG. 7 shows yet another alternative embodiment of the rod, wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape;
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPICTED EMBODIMENTS
  • FIG. 1 shows a curved wellbore 1 in which a bend casing 2 is arranged. The casing 2 is secured within the wellbore 1 by cement 3, which fills the annular space between the outer surface of the casing 2 and the inner surface of the wellbore 1.
  • In order to monitor stress, deformation, temperature and other features a series of four rods 4A-4D are embedded in the cement 3 around the casing 2. As illustrated in FIG. 2 each rod has a recess in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 5A-5D is embedded. The rods 4A-4D are preferably made of the same metal as the casing 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows in more detail a cross sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a rod 14, wherein the rod has a rectangular shape and is arranged in a cement body 12 between the inner surface 11 of a wellbore in an underground earth formation 10 and the outer surface 13 of a casing 9. The rod 14 has a recess 16 in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 15 is embedded within a protective filler 17. The rod 14 is secured at selected intervals along its length to the outer surface 13 of the casing 9 by spot welds 18A-B.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional view of an another alternative embodiment of a rod 24, wherein the rod has a trapezoidal shape and is arranged in a cement body 22 between the inner surface 21 of a wellbore in an underground earth formation 20 and the outer surface 23 of a casing 19. The rod 24 has at each of its four sides a recess 26A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 25A-D is embedded within a protective filler 27A-D. The rod 24 is secured at selected intervals along its length to the outer surface 23 of the casing 19 by spot welds 28A-B. The optical fiber 25C is configured to measure temperature.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a rod 34, wherein the rod has a square cross-sectional shape an has at each of its four sides a recess 36A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 35A-D is embedded with a protective filler 37A-D.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a rod 44, wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape an has at each of its four sides a recess 46A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 45A-D is embedded with a protective filler 47A-D.
  • The rod 44 is surrounded by two concentric layers of protective coatings 48,49.
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a rod 54, wherein the rod has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape an has at each of its four sides a recess 56A-D in which an optical strain monitoring fiber 55A-D is embedded with a protective filler 57A-D.

Claims (8)

1. A method of monitoring deformation, strain, temperature and/or other physical characteristics of a casing, sandscreen, electrical heater and/or other tubular or cylindrical well equipment in a well traversing an underground formation, the method comprising:
providing a carrier rod having at least one recess extending along at least part of the length of the rod, in which recess a optical fiber assembly for monitoring strain, temperature and/or other physical parameters is arranged, which optical fiber assembly is along at least part of its length bonded within the recess;
lowering the carrier rod and well equipment simultaneously into the well such that the carrier rod is arranged in an annular space between the outer surface of the well equipment and the inner surface of the wellbore;
securing the carrier rod at a plurality of locations distributed along its length to the well equipment;
connecting the optical fiber assembly to an optical signal transmission and reception assembly which is configured to transmit optical signals through the optical fiber assembly and to monitor deformation, strain, temperature and/or other physical parameters of the well equipment on the basis of any relationship between these parameters and reflection and/or modification of optical signals at different locations along the length of the optical fiber assembly.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier rod comprises a material having similar thermal expansion, and mechanical properties as the casing, sandscreen, electrical heater and/or other well equipment.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier rod is made of the same material as the casing, sandscreen and/or other well equipment.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the carrier rod is arranged on a coil and bent into a substantially straight position before it is lowered into the well.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the carrier rod is attached along selected intervals of its length by straps, welding, brazing and/or a bonding agent to the casing, sandscreen and/or other well equipment before it is lowered into the well.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the carrier rod is secured to a tubular piece of well equipment by filling at least part of an annular space between the outer surface of the well equipment and the inner surface of the wellbore with a cement or other hardening composition and/or by expanding the tubular piece of well equipment such that at least part of an outer surface thereof is pressed against the inner surface of the wellbore.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein a plurality of carrier rods with optical fiber assemblies embedded in longitudinal recess are arranged at regular circumferential intervals around the outer surface of a tubular or cylindrical piece of well equipment.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the method is used to monitor deformation of tubular or cylindrical well equipment during crude hydrocarbon fluid production operations and/or during steam injection into or electrical heating of a hydrocarbon containing formation, and wherein the monitored deformation of the well equipment is taken into account to adapt, modify and/or control the hydrocarbon fluid production, steam injection and/or electrical heating operations.
US13/142,451 2008-12-31 2009-12-23 Method for monitoring deformation of well equipment Abandoned US20110290477A1 (en)

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US14173808P 2008-12-31 2008-12-31
PCT/EP2009/067866 WO2010076281A2 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-23 Method for monitoring deformation of well equipment
US13/142,451 US20110290477A1 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-23 Method for monitoring deformation of well equipment

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US14/717,401 Active US9470083B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2015-05-20 Method for monitoring physical parameters of well equipment
US15/265,554 Active US9752425B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2016-09-14 Carrier rod for an optical fiber assembly and system for monitoring deformation of well equipment

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US15/265,554 Active US9752425B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2016-09-14 Carrier rod for an optical fiber assembly and system for monitoring deformation of well equipment

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AU (1) AU2009334819B2 (en)
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US10401573B2 (en) * 2017-04-06 2019-09-03 Ofs Fitel, Llc Affixing fiber optic sensing element to an apparatus
CN112833850A (en) * 2021-01-20 2021-05-25 闫亚鹏 Coal mine tunnel rock wall deformation monitoring device
CN113187469A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-07-30 广州海洋地质调查局 Method for establishing communication connection between upper completion string and lower completion string
US11092007B2 (en) * 2015-12-23 2021-08-17 Optasense Holdings Limited Determining wellbore properties with an optic fibre while lowering a casing

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GB2522211B (en) * 2014-01-16 2020-08-19 Paradigm Tech Services B V System and method for deploying an optical fibre within an elongated space
WO2019119107A1 (en) 2017-12-23 2019-06-27 Noetic Technologies Inc. System and method for optimizing tubular running operations using real-time measurements and modelling
WO2019240803A1 (en) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method for installing fiber on production casing
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US9470083B2 (en) 2016-10-18
US20150308259A1 (en) 2015-10-29

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