US20110223105A1 - New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis - Google Patents

New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20110223105A1
US20110223105A1 US13/061,340 US200913061340A US2011223105A1 US 20110223105 A1 US20110223105 A1 US 20110223105A1 US 200913061340 A US200913061340 A US 200913061340A US 2011223105 A1 US2011223105 A1 US 2011223105A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
substituted
alkyl group
group
compound
agents
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/061,340
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leif A. Eriksson
Lennart Löfgren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SWEDISH PHARMA C/O INKUBERA AB AB
Original Assignee
SWEDISH PHARMA C/O INKUBERA AB AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SWEDISH PHARMA C/O INKUBERA AB AB filed Critical SWEDISH PHARMA C/O INKUBERA AB AB
Priority to US13/061,340 priority Critical patent/US20110223105A1/en
Assigned to SWEDISH PHARMA AB C/O INKUBERA AB reassignment SWEDISH PHARMA AB C/O INKUBERA AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ERIKSSON, LEIF A., LOFGREN, LENNART
Publication of US20110223105A1 publication Critical patent/US20110223105A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
    • C07C271/08—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C271/10—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C271/22—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of hydrocarbon radicals substituted by carboxyl groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/27—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carbamic or thiocarbamic acids, meprobamate, carbachol, neostigmine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/325—Carbamic acids; Thiocarbamic acids; Anhydrides or salts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/357—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K41/00—Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation ; Therapies using these preparations
    • A61K41/0057—Photodynamic therapy with a photosensitizer, i.e. agent able to produce reactive oxygen species upon exposure to light or radiation, e.g. UV or visible light; photocleavage of nucleic acids with an agent
    • A61K41/0061—5-aminolevulinic acid-based PDT: 5-ALA-PDT involving porphyrins or precursors of protoporphyrins generated in vivo from 5-ALA
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P23/00—Anaesthetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/10—Antimycotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C251/02—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups
    • C07C251/04—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C251/06—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C251/32—Oximes
    • C07C251/34—Oximes with oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • C07C251/36—Oximes with oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with the carbon atoms of the oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C251/38—Oximes with oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with the carbon atoms of the oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
    • C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
    • C07D317/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D317/30—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) and in particular to derivatives comprising a hydrolysable group at position C 4 , for use as medicaments.
  • the medicaments are used as photosensitizing agents in medical applications such as photochemotherapy and diagnosis of disorders or abnormalities of the body.
  • the invention relates to novel derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) as such, and in particular to novel derivatives comprising a hydrolysable group at position C 4 .
  • Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above derivatives also form part of the invention.
  • Photochemotherapy or photodynamic therapy (PDT) as it is also known, is a technique for the treatment of various abnormalities or disorders of the skin-or other epithelial organs or mucosa, especially cancers or pre-cancerous lesions, as well as certain non-malignant lesions for example skin complaints such as psoriasis.
  • Photochemotherapy involves the application of photosensitizing (photochemotherapeutic) agents to the affected area of the body, followed by exposure to photoactivating light in order to activate the photosensitizing agents and convert them into cytotoxic form, whereby the affected cells are killed or their proliferative potential diminished.
  • a range of photosensitizing agents are known, including notably the psoralens, the porphyrins, the chlorins and the phthalocyanins. Such drugs become toxic when exposed to light.
  • Photosensitizing drugs may exert their effects by a variety of mechanisms, directly or indirectly.
  • certain photosensitizers become directly toxic when activated by light, whereas others act to generate toxic species, e.g. oxidizing agents such as singlet oxygen or other oxygen-derived free radicals, which are extremely destructive to cellular material and biomolecules such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.
  • Psoralens are an example of directly acting photosensitizers; upon exposure to light they form adducts and cross-links between the two strands of DNA molecules, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis.
  • This therapy is that unwanted mutagenic and carcinogenic side effects may occur.
  • porphyrins which act indirectly by generation of toxic oxygen species, have no mutagenic side effects and represent more favourable candidates for photochemotherapy.
  • Porphyrins are naturally occurring tetrapyrroles that are precursors in the synthesis of home.
  • heme is produced when iron (Fe 3+ ) is incorporated in protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) by the action of the enzyme ferrochelatase.
  • PpIX is an extremely potent photosensitizer, whereas home has no photosensitizing effect.
  • Photofrin has been approved as a photosensitizer in the therapy of certain cancers.
  • a considerable disadvantage is that since it must be administered parenterally, generally intravenously, it can cause photosensitization of the skin which may last for several weeks following injection.
  • Photofrin consists of large oligomers of porphyrin and it does not readily penetrate the skin when applied topically.
  • Similar problems exist with other porphyrin-based photosensitizers such as Foscan (temoporfin) or the so-called “hematoporphyrin derivative” (Hpd) which have also been reported for use in cancer photochemotherapy.
  • Hpd is a complex mixture obtained by treating haematoporphyrin with acetic and sulphuric acids, after which the acetylated product is dissolved with alkali.
  • Foscan is a tetrapyrrole derivative with four meta-phenol groups attached, that after intravenous injection leaves the patient hypersensitized up to 3 weeks due to the very slow clearance rate from the body.
  • PpIX precursors of PpIX have been investigated for photochemotherapeutic potential.
  • PpIX precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) has been investigated as a photochemotherapeutic agent for certain skin cancers.
  • Photodynamic therapy based on topical application of 5-am inolevulinic acid (5ALA) or a derivative thereof, for the treatment of small solid tumors is based on using the body's own biosynthetic route to form the endogenous chromophore protoporfyrin IX (PpIX) 1,2].
  • 5ALA 5-am inolevulinic acid
  • PpIX endogenous chromophore protoporfyrin IX
  • Photodynamic diagnosis the strong fluorescence of the chromophore is utilized. Excitation at 400-410 nm yields strong emission in the range 630-640 nm, enabling detection of the tissue in which PpIX is accumulated.
  • 5ALA which is formed from succinyl CoA and glycine in the first step of heme synthesis, is to a limited extent able to penetrate the skin and lead to a localised build-up of PpIX; since the action of ferrochelatase (the metallating enzyme) is the rate limiting step in heme synthesis, adding an excess amount of exogenous 5ALA (or a derivative thereof) bypasses the natural regulatory mechanisms, and leads to elevated levels of the photosensitizing agent PpIX in the cells, with a notable accumulation in tumorus cells [3,4].
  • a contributing factor for this is that the final enzyme in heme biosynthesis, ferrochelatase, that incorporates an iron ion into the PpIX ring system, is downregulated in tumor cells, thus leading to enhanced build-up of PpIX levels in cancer cells relative to normal cells.
  • excitation of PpIX at 632 nm is generally used.
  • the singlet excited chromophore undergoes efficient intersystem crossing to the first excited triplet state (T 1 ).
  • T 1 first excited triplet state
  • the chromophore passes its excitation energy from the T 1 state to oxygen, thereby generating highly cytotoxic singlet oxygen.
  • PpIX is synthesized in the cellular mitocontria, the formed singlet oxygen attacks mitochondrial membranes with high efficiency, thus destroying the cells' capacity to produce energy, whereby the cell in question dies.
  • Photochemotherapy with 5ALA is not always entirely satisfactory. 5ALA is not able to penetrate all tumors and other tissues with sufficient efficacy to enable treatment of a wide range of tumors or other conditions and 5ALA also tends to be unstable in pharmaceutical formulations. These problems have to a large extent been overcome by the use of straight chain, unsubstituted alkyl 5ALA esters which exhibit improved selectivity for abnormal tissue, non-systemic localization of administered agents, improved uptake and PpIX production, and reduced pain sensation on administration (see WO96/28412).
  • the concentration of PpIX has been found to reach an optimal therapeutic window 2-4 h after application of 5ALA or derivatives thereof heretofore known and used [2].
  • the concentration of PpIX decays to normal background levels in 36-48 hours.
  • Alkyl esters of 5ALA, and/or modifications to the amine group are disclosed in for example U.S. Pat. No. 6,992,107 (family member of WO96/28412).
  • the compounds according to the invention comprise a hydrolysable functionality at C 4 of 5ALA (the keto group of the parent compound 5ALA) or any of its derivatives modified by substituents at the amino- or carboxylic group, in order to enhance membrane penetration and thus shortening the retention time before irradiation.
  • Compounds of the invention comprise Formula I ((R 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 —C(R 1 )—CH 2 —CH 2 —COOR 2 ) and II ((R 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 —C(OR 3 )(OR 4 )—CH 2 —CH 2 —COOR 2 ) as outlined in FIG. 1 , and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the use in photodynamic therapy (PDT; also referred to as photochemotherapy) against solid tumors and skin disorders, as antimicrobial, antifungal or antiviral agents, or as a photodiagnostic tool (Photodynamic diagnostics, PDD).
  • PDT photodynamic therapy
  • PDD photodiagnostic tool
  • said compounds for use in the photochemotherapeutic diagnosis and/or treatment of human or animal abnormalities or disorders of the body is also claimed.
  • Use of compounds according to the invention in the manufacture of a medicament for the photochemotherapeutic diagnosis and/or treatment of human or animal abnormalities or disorders of the body is also claimed.
  • methods of diagnosis or photochemotherapy using said compounds and related compounds and compositions, and products and kits comprising said compounds are claimed.
  • the compounds comprise hydrolysable groups at carbon 4 of 5-aminolevulinic acid, according to FIG. 1 . More detailed examples are given in FIG. 2 .
  • the compounds of the invention for use as a medicament, such as for use in the photochemotherapeutic diagnosis and/or treatment of human or animal abnormalities or disorders of the body, as well as for use in the manufacture of a medicament,
  • R 1 may be an oxime, an alkylated oxime, an imine, an alkylated imine, or a hydrazine; wherein said alkylated oxime or imine comprises a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C5, such as a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C4;
  • R 2 are each independently
  • said substituents in (a) and (b) are selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy,
  • alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups.
  • R 3 and R4 are linear or branched alkyl groups of length C1 to C6 constituting a ketal or a cyclic ketal.
  • R 1 is an imine or an alkylated imine, said imine or alkylated imine comprising a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C5; such as a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C4.
  • R 2 are each independently
  • substituents in (a) and (b) are selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups.
  • R 3 and R 4 are linear or branched alkyl groups of length C1 to C6 constituting a ketal or a cyclic ketal.
  • the substituted linear or branched alkyl group of chain length C 1-7 may e.g. be a linear or branched alkyl chain of length C 1 to C 6 , comprising methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl groups, and iso-forms thereof.
  • the alkyl group in (a) and (b) above may be interrupted or terminated by one or more —O—, NR x —, —S— or PR x — groups, whereby R x represents a hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl group.
  • the substituted groups will undergo hydrolysis, thereby forming the 5ALA parent compound that is the building block in the biosynthesis of PpIX.
  • the compounds display very similar dark toxicity (toxicity in cells and tissue not exposed to light), as the parent compound 5ALA, as is apparent from Drawing 1.
  • the oxime according to the invention is capable of producing PpIX, an efficient photosensitizer that after irradiation by visible light at 632 nm causes cell death as clearly shown in ref. [2].
  • Drawing 1 shows dose-toxicity in absence of light, obtained using the Promega CytoTox-Glo Cytotoxicity Assay. Diamonds: 5ALA; Squares, dashed: 5ALA oxime.
  • Drawing 2 shows the experimental absorption spectrum of the chromophore Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX).
  • Drawing 3 shows the production of PpIX in human cells by (Diamonds) 5-ALA methyl ester (MetVix) and (Squares) 5-ALA oxime 20% (w/w), using the commercially available EssexTM cream, recorded 3 h after application.
  • Drawing 4 shows the synthesis of chromophore PpIX in human cells as a function of time after application, measured as fluorescence at 632 nm.
  • the present invention according to a first aspect provides derivatives of 5-am inolevulinic acid (5ALA) and in particular derivatives comprising a hydrolysable group at position C 4 , as medicaments for use as photosensitizing agents in medical applications such as photochemotherapy and diagnosis of disorders or abnormalities of the body.
  • the compounds according to the invention are useful as medicaments due to their valuable pharmacological properties.
  • the present invention according to a second aspect also provides novel derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) having a hydrolysable group at position C 4 .
  • 5ALA 5-aminolevulinic acid
  • the compounds of the invention possess improved properties in terms of enhanced membrane penetration and/or conversion to PpIX, thus enabling the provision of photochemotherapeutic agents which are better pharmaceuticals, i.e. that have an enhanced photochemotherapeutic effect over pharmaceuticals and compounds described in the prior art.
  • the invention according to the first aspect provides compounds of Formula (I) ((R 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 —C(R 1 )—CH 2 —CH 2 —COOR 2 ) or (II) ((R 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 —C(OR 3 )(OR 4 )—CH 2 —CH 2 —COOR 2 ) and salts thereof, for use as a medicament, wherein
  • R 1 may be an oxime, an alkylated oxime, an imine, an alkylated imine, or a hydrazine; said alkylated oxime or imine comprises a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C5;
  • R 2 are each independently
  • said substituents in (a) and (b) are selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy,
  • alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups.
  • the invention according to the second aspect provides novel compounds of Formula (1) ((R 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 —C(R 1 )—CH 2 —CH 2 —COOR 2 ) or (II) ((R 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 —C(OR 3 )(OR 4 )—CH 2 —CH 2 —COOR 2 ) and salts thereof, wherein
  • R 1 may be an imine, an alkylated imine, said imine or alkylated imine comprising a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C5;
  • R 2 are each independently
  • said substituents in (a) and (b) are selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups.
  • R 3 and R 4 are linear or branched alkyl groups of length C1 to C6 constituting a ketal or a cyclic ketal.
  • R 3 and R 4 are bound to an oxygen, and together with said oxygen and the coals bound thereto constitute a ketal or a cyclic ketal.
  • the C 1-7 alkyl group in (a) is a linear or branched alkyl chain of length C 1 to C 6 , comprising methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and/or hexyl groups, and their iso-forms.
  • the compound may in the alkyl group in (a) or (b) be interrupted or terminated by one or more —O—, NR x —, —S— or PR x — groups, whereby R x represents a hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl group.
  • alkyl includes any long or short chain, cyclic, straight-chained or branched aliphatic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
  • the unsaturated alkyl groups may be mono- or polyunsaturated and comprise both alkenyl and alkynyl group. Unless stated otherwise, such groups may contain up to 7 atoms. Alkyl groups containing up to 6, carbon atoms are preferred.
  • the substituted alkyl R 2 groups may be mono or poly-substituted. Suitable R 2 groups comprise for example alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, hydroxy poly alkyleneoxyalkyl and the like.
  • the branched alkyl group R 2 may be a C 5-8 straight chain alkyl group which is branched by substitution with one or more optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl groups, thus forming for example a C 6-9 alkyl group.
  • the substituents on the R 2 group are aryl or alkoxy which may themselves be substituted.
  • acyl as used herein includes both carboxylate and carbonate groups, thus, acyloxy substituted alkyl groups may include for example alkylcarbonyloxy alkyl. In such groups any alkylene moieties preferably have carbon atom contents as defined for alkyl groups below.
  • aryl groups include phenyl and monocyclic 5-7 membered heteroaromatics (unless stated otherwise), especially phenyl and such groups may themselves optionally be substituted.
  • Representative substituted alkyl groups R 2 include acylalkyl, alkoxymethyl, alkoxyethyl and alkoxypropyl groups or acyloxymethyl, acyloxyethyl and acyloxypropyl group, e.g., pivaloyloxymethyl.
  • the hydrolysable moiety at C 4 may be in the form of an oxime, a ketal, an imine, or any other hydrolysable functional group.
  • a compound according to the present invention Upon addition of a compound according to the present invention to living cells (i.e. human or animal tissue), the C 4 substituent hydrolyses and the resulting 5ALA undergoes biosynthesis to the naturally occurring chromophore protoporphyrin IX (PDX).
  • living cells i.e. human or animal tissue
  • the C 4 substituent hydrolyses and the resulting 5ALA undergoes biosynthesis to the naturally occurring chromophore protoporphyrin IX (PDX).
  • the, compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • Such salts may be hydrophilic acid addition salts with physiologically acceptable organic or inorganic acids. Suitable acids comprise for example hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulphuric, phosphoric, acetic, lactic, citric, tartaric, succinic, maleic, fumaric and ascorbic acids. Hydrophobic salts may also conveniently be produced by for example precipitation.
  • salts comprise for example acetate, bromide, chloride, citrate, hydrochloride, maleate, mesylate, nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, tartrate, oleate, stearate, tosylate, calcium, meglumine, potassium and sodium salts.
  • Procedures for salt formation are known in the art.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable solvents and salts, as well as physiologically acceptable acids are known to the person skilled in the art, and may be found in e.g. the Pharmacopeia.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as described hereinbefore, together with at least one pharmaceutical carrier or excipient.
  • the pharmaceutical compound is present in an amount in the range of 0.01 to 90% by weight.
  • the pharmaceutical compound is present in an amount in the range of 0.05 to 50% by weight.
  • the pharmaceutical compound is present in an amount in the range of 1 to 20% by weight.
  • compositions according to the present invention may be provided in a form suitable for systemic, intratumoral, intradermal, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intracavitary, intraocular or intraveneous injection, or topical administration.
  • concentration of the compounds as described hereinbefore in the compositions depends upon the nature of the compound, the composition, mode of administration, the condition to be treated and the patient and may be varied or adjusted according to choice. Generally however, concentration ranges of 0.01 to 90% (w/w) are suitable. For therapeutic applications concentration ranges of 0.1 to 50% have been found to be suitable, e.g. 0.2 to 30% (w/w). Lower doses may be used when derivatives are prepared which are highly lipophilic, e.g. a concentration range of 0.01 to 10%, e.g. 0.02 to 1% (w/w).
  • compositions of the invention may be formulated in conventional manner with one or more physiologically acceptable carriers or excipients, according to techniques well known in the art. Where appropriate, compounds or compositions according to the invention are sterilized, e.g. by ⁇ -irradiation, autoclaving or heat sterilization, before or after the addition of a carrier or excipient, where applicable, to provide sterile formulations.
  • compositions may be administered topically, orally or systemically.
  • Topical compositions are preferred, and may include conventional gels, creams, ointments, sprays, lotions, salves, sticks, soaps, powders, pessaries, aerosols, drops, solutions, patches, direct injection and any of the other conventional pharmaceutical forms in the art.
  • Ointments, gels and creams may, for example, be formulated with an aqueous or oily base with the addition of suitable thickening and/or gelling agents.
  • Lotions may be formulated with an aqueous or oily base and will, in general, also contain one or more emulsifying, dispersing, suspending, thickening or colouring agents.
  • Powders may be formed with the aid of any suitable powder base.
  • Drops and solutions may be formulated with an aqueous or non-aqueous base also comprising one or more dispersing, solubilising or suspending agents. Aerosol sprays are conveniently delivered from pressurised packs, with the use of a suitable propellant.
  • the compound may in a form for topical administration be provided in solid form, to be reconstituted with a solvent before or in conjunction with treatment. Providing the compound in solid form may improve its storage stability.
  • compositions may be provided in a form adapted for oral or parenteral administration, for example by intradermal, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intratumoral, intracavitary, intraoccular or intravenous injection.
  • Alternative pharmaceutical forms thus include plain or coated tablets, capsules, suspensions and solutions containing the compound or composition according to the invention, optionally together with one or more inert conventional carriers and/or diluents, such as corn starch, lactose, sucrose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, citric acid, tartaric acid, water, water/ethanol, water/glycerol, water/sorbitol, water/polyethyleneglycol, propyleneglycol, stearylalcohol, carboxymethylcellulose or fatty substances such as hard fat or suitable mixtures thereof.
  • inert conventional carriers and/or diluents such as corn starch, lactose, sucrose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyvin
  • compositions of the invention may additionally include lubricating agents, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, suspending agents, preserving agents, sweetening agents, flavouring agents, adsorption enhancers, e.g. surface penetrating agents as mentioned below, and the like.
  • the compositions of the invention may be formulated so as to provide quick, sustained or delayed release of the compound after administration to the patient by employing procedures well known in the art.
  • Solubilizing and/or stabilizing agents may also be used, e.g. cyclodextrins (CD) ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ and HP- ⁇ cyclodextrin.
  • compositions may be in any appropriate dosage form, for example as an emulsion or in liposomes, niosomes, microspheres, nanoparticles or the like.
  • the compound of the invention may then be absorbed to, incorporated in or bound to these forms.
  • Topical administration to inaccessible sites may be achieved by techniques known in the art, e.g. by the use of catheters or other appropriate drug delivery systems.
  • compositions according to the invention are suitable for for use as a medicament, e.g. in photochemotherapy or diagnosis of disorders or abnormalities of the body.
  • One aspect of the invention hence relates to the use of a substance according to the present invention in the manufacture of a medicament for the photochemotherapeutic diagnosis and/or treatment of human or animal abonorrnalities or disorders of the body.
  • the human or animal abnormalities and disorders which may be treated according to the present invention include any malignant, pre-malignant and non-malignant abnormalities or disorders responsive to photochemotherapy, eg., tumors or other growths, skin disorders such as psoriasis or actinic keratoses and acne, skin abrasions, age related macular degeneration, and other diseases or infections, eg. bacterial, viral or fungal infections, for example Herpes virus infections.
  • the invention is particularly suited to the treatment of diseases, disorders or abnormalities where discrete lesions are formed to which the compositions may be directly applied (lesions is used here in a broad sense to include tumours and the like).
  • disorders och abnomalities is used herein as also comprising medical imbalances, diseases, and syndromes as well as bacterial and viral infections.
  • the internal and external body surfaces herein also referred to as merely “tissue”, which may be treated in accordance with the invention include the skin and all other epithelial and serosal surfaces, including for example mucosa, the linings of organs eg. the respiratory, gastro-intestinal and genito-urinary tracts, and glands with ducts which empty onto such surfaces (e.g. liver, hair follicles with sebaceous glands, mammary glands, salivary glands and seminal vesicles).
  • such surfaces include for example the lining of the vagina, the endometrium and the urothelium.
  • Such surfaces may also include cavities formed in the body following excision of diseased or cancerous tissue eg. brain cavities following the excision of tumours such as gliomas.
  • Exemplary surfaces may thus include: (i) skin and conjunctiva; (ii) the lining of the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, intestines and intestinal appendages, rectum, and anal canal; (iii) the lining of the nasal passages, nasal sinuses, nasopharynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles; (iv) the lining of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra; (v) the lining of the vagina, uterine cervix, and uterus; (vi) the parietal and visceral pleura; (vii) the lining of the peritoneal and pelvic cavities, and the surface of the organs contained within those cavities; (viii) the dura mater and meninges; (ix) any tumors in solid tissues that can be made accessible to photoactivating light e.g. either directly, at time of surgery, or via an optical fibre
  • tissue and body fluid are used herein as meaning any human or animal tissue and body fluid that may be treated, wholly or in part, or otherwise altered or affected by way of photochemotherapeutics.
  • the area treated is exposed to light to achieve the photochemotherapeutic effect.
  • the length of time following administration, at which the light exposure takes place will depend on the nature of the composition, the condition to be treated and the form of administration. This can generally be in the order of 0.5 to 48 hours, e.g. 1 to 10 hours.
  • the irradiation will in general be applied at a dose level of 40 to 200 Joules/cm 2 , for example at 100 Joules/cm 2 .
  • the wavelength of light used for irradiation may be selected to achieve a more efficacious photochemotherapeutic effect.
  • porphyrins are used in photochemotherapy they are irradiated with light at about the absorption maximum of the porphyrin.
  • wavelengths in the region 350-640 nm, preferably 610-635 nm were employed.
  • the photosensitizing effect may be enhanced.
  • a further aspect of the invention thus provides a method of photochemotherapeutic treatment of disorders or abnormalities of external or internal surfaces of the body, comprising administering to the affected surfaces, a composition as hereinbefore defined, and exposing said surfaces to light, preferably to light in the wavelength region 300-800 nm, for example 500-700 nm.
  • the compounds of the invention or for use in the invention may be formulated and/or administered with other photosensitizing agents, for example SALA or photofrinTM, or with other active components which may enhance the photochemotherapeutic effect.
  • photosensitizing agents for example SALA or photofrinTM
  • chelating agents may beneficially be included in order to enhance accumulation of PpIX; the chelation of iron by the chelating agents prevents its incorporation into PpIX to form heme by the action of the enzyme ferrochelatase, thereby leading to a build-up of PpIX.
  • the photosensitizing effect is thus enhanced.
  • Aminopolycarboxylic acid chelating agents are particularly suitable for use in this regard, including any of the chelants described in the literature for metal detoxification or for the chelation of paramagnetic metal ions in magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Particular mention may be made of EDTA, CDTA (cyclohexane diamine tetraacetic acid), DTPA and DOTA and well known derivatives/analogues thereof. EDTA is preferred. To achieve the iron-chelating effect, desferrioxamine and other siderophores may also be used, e.g. in conjunction with aminopolycarboxylic acid chelating agents such as EDTA.
  • the chelating agent may conveniently be used at a concentration of 0.05 to 20% e.g. 0.1 to 10% (w/w).
  • inhibitors of ferrochelatase can be utilized in combination with said compounds, which also enhances accumulation of PpIX.
  • DMSO dimethylsulphoxide
  • the surface-penetration assisting agent may be any of the skin-penetration assisting agents described in the pharmaceutical literature e.g. chelators (e.g. EDTA), surfactants (e.g. sodium dodecyl sulphate), non-surfactants, bile salts (e.g. sodium deoxycholate) and fatty acids (e.g. oleic acid).
  • chelators e.g. EDTA
  • surfactants e.g. sodium dodecyl sulphate
  • non-surfactants e.g. sodium dodecyl sulphate
  • bile salts e.g. sodium deoxycholate
  • fatty acids e.g. oleic acid
  • Suitable surface penetrating assisting agents include HPE-101 (available from Hisamitsu), DMSO and other dialkylsulphoxides, in particular n-decylmethylsulphoxide (NDMS), dimethylsulphacetamide, dimethylformamide (DMFA), dimethylacetamide, glycols, various pyrrolidone derivatives (Woodford et al., J. Toxicol. Cut. & Ocular Toxicology, 1986, 5: 167-177), and AzoneTM (Stoughton at al., Drug Dpv. Ind. Pharm. 1983, 9: 725-744), or mixtures thereof.
  • HPE-101 available from Hisamitsu
  • DMSO dimethylsulphacetamide
  • DMFA dimethylformamide
  • AzoneTM Stoughton at al., Drug Dpv. Ind. Pharm. 1983, 9: 725-744
  • DMSO is however preferred due to its anti-histamine and anti-inflammatory activities and its stimulatory effect on the activity of the enzymes ALA-synthase and ALA-dehydrogenase (the enzymes which, respectively, form and condense ALA to porphobilinogen) thereby enhancing the formation of the active form, PpIX.
  • the surface penetration agent may conveniently be provided in a concentration range of 0.2 to 50% (w/w), e.g. about 10% (w/w).
  • compositions of the invention or use thereof according to the invention may additionally be formulated and/or administered with other agents, to improve the efficacy of PDT.
  • angiogenesis inhibitors anti-angiogenic drugs
  • angiogenesis inhibitors anti-angiogenic drugs
  • 96, p1815-1822, 1995 may be used together with compositions of the invention in PDT to further damage the vascular system of the tumour.
  • Angiogenesis inhibitors which may be used include TNP-470 (AGM-1470, a synthetic analogue of a fungal secretion product called fumagillin; Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., Osaka, Japan), angiostatin (Surgical Research Lab at Children's Hospital Medical Center of Harvard Medical School) and integrin ⁇ v ⁇ 3 , antagonists (e.g. monoclonal antibody to integrin ⁇ v ⁇ 3 , The Scripps Research Institute, LaJolla, Calif.).
  • TNP-470 AGM-1470, a synthetic analogue of a fungal secretion product called fumagillin; Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., Osaka, Japan
  • angiostatin Surgical Research Lab at Children's Hospital Medical Center of Harvard Medical School
  • integrin ⁇ v ⁇ 3 antagonists (e.g. monoclonal antibody to integrin ⁇ v ⁇ 3 , The Scripps Research Institute, LaJolla, Calif.).
  • immunotherapy agents e.g. antibodies or effectors such as macrophage activating factor
  • chemotherapy agents may be used to improve PDT according to the invention.
  • Administration of these supplementary agents should be performed in terms of route, concentration and formulation, according to known methods for using these agents.
  • additional agents may be administered before, after or during PDT, depending on their function.
  • angiogenesis inhibitors may be added 5 to 10 days after PDT to prevent tumor re-growth.
  • anti-cancer agents may similarly be used in combination with a composition of the invention, either as part of the formulation or as a separate treatment to be administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially.
  • Glucose has also been found to assist PDT when applied either topically or systemically. It appears that administration of glucose results in a lowering of pH which increase the hydrophobic properties of protoporphyrins, e.g. 5ALA, such that they can penetrate cells more easily.
  • the formulation e.g. a cream, may contain 0.01% to 10% glucose (w/w).
  • the compounds for use in the invention may be co-administered with such other optional agents, for example in a single composition or they may be administered sequentially or separately. Indeed, in many cases a particularly beneficial photochemotherapeutic effect may be obtained by pre-treatment with the surface-penetration assisting agent in a separate step, prior to administration of the compounds for use in accordance with the invention.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may in addition to the compound of the invention additionally comprise one or several compounds chosen from: chelating agents, inhibitors of ferrochelatase, immunotherapeutic agents, angiogenesis inhibitors, surface penetration assisting agents, photosensitizing agents, glucose, anti-cancer agents, and anaesthetic or analgesic agents.
  • chelating agents inhibitors of ferrochelatase
  • immunotherapeutic agents angiogenesis inhibitors
  • surface penetration assisting agents assisting agents
  • photosensitizing agents glucose, anti-cancer agents, and anaesthetic or analgesic agents.
  • a method of diagnosis or photochemotherapeutic treatment of disorders or abnormalities of the body comprising administering to an affected tissue, a composition according to the present incvention, and exposing said tissue to light.
  • a pre-treatment with a surface-penetration assisting agent, followed by administration of the photochemotherapeutic agent in conjunction with the surface-penetration assisting agent may be beneficial.
  • a surface-penetration assisting agent used in pre-treatment this may be used at high concentrations, e.g. up to 100% (w/w).
  • the photochemotherapeutic agent may subsequently be administered up to several hours following the pre-treatment eg. at an interval of 5-60 minutes following pre-treatment.
  • the method of the invention thus additionally comprises prior to the treatment a pre-treatment step with a surface penetration assisting agent.
  • the invention thus provides a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,in accordance with the invention, together with at least one surface-penetration assisting agent, and optionally one or more chelating agents as a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in treating disorders or abnormalities of external or internal surfaces of the body which are responsive to photochemotherapy.
  • the method of the invention additionally comprises treatment with an anaesthetic agent.
  • Anaesthetics used with the current invention are primarily local anaesthetics, such as prilocaine and lidocaine.
  • the method of therapy using compounds in accordance with the invention as described herein inevitably involves the cell fluorescence of the disorder or abnormality to be treated. Whilst the intensity of this fluorescence may be used to eliminate abnormal cells; the localization of the fluorescence may also be used to visualize the size, extent and localization of the abnormality or disorder.
  • the abnormality or disorder thus identified or confirmed at the site of investigation may then be treated through alternative therapeutic techniques e.g. surgical or chemical treatment, or by the method of therapy of the invention by continued build-up of fluorescence or through further application of compounds of the invention at the appropriate site.
  • diagnostic techniques may require lower levels of fluorescence for visualization than used in therapeutic treatments.
  • concentration ranges of 0.2 to 30% e.g. 1-5% (w/w) are suitable.
  • a method of in vivo diagnosis or photochemotherapeutic treatment of disorders or abnormalities of human or animal tissue comprising: a) administering to said tissue, a composition comprising a compound according to the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutical carrier or excipient; and b) exposing said tissue to light in the wavelength region of 300-800 nm.
  • the compounds of the invention may also be used for in vitro diagnostic techniques, for example for examination of the cells contained in body fluids.
  • an assay for in vitro diagnosis of human or animal abnormalities or disorders comprising: i) providing a sample of body fluid or tissue; ii) admixing said body fluid or tissue with a composition comprising a compound in accordance with the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutical carrier or excipient compound; iii) exposing said mixture to light, iv) ascertaining the level of fluorescence, and v) comparing the level of fluorescence to control levels.
  • the higher fluorescence associated with non-normal tissue may conveniently be indicative of an abnormality or disorder.
  • This method is highly sensitive and may be used for early detection of abnormalities or disorders, for example bladder or lung carcinoma by examination of the epithelial cells in urine or sputum samples, respectively.
  • Other useful body fluids which may be used for diagnosis in addition to urine and sputum include blood, semen, tears, spinal fluid etc.
  • Tissue samples or preparations may also be evaluated, for example biopsy tissue or bone marrow samples.
  • the present invention thus extends to the use of compounds of the invention, or salts thereof for diagnosis according to the aforementioned methods for photochemotherapy, and products and kits for performing said diagnosis.
  • kits comprising a compound according to the invention in solid form, a solvent, and optionally additionally comprising one or more anaesthetic agents.
  • the layers were separated and the aqueous layer extracted with DCM (3 ⁇ 90 ml, 30 vol).
  • the combined organic layers were dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure providing a black oil 603-015-1 containing ⁇ 60% 16 by 1 H NMR spectroscopy.
  • the crude material 603-015-1 was purified by column chromatography eluting with 30% to 50% iPrOAc/heptane.
  • the product containing fractions were combined and provided 16 603-020-5 (634mg, 20% yield, ⁇ 60% purity 1 H NMR) as a clear oil.
  • the crude material 603-021-1 was purified by column chromatography eluting with 30% iPrOAc/heptane to (1:1) iPrOAc/heptane.
  • the product containing fractions were combined and provided 17 603-022-2 (380 mg, 62% yield, 96% purity 1 H NMR w/w ) as a pale yellow solid.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
US13/061,340 2008-09-01 2009-09-01 New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis Abandoned US20110223105A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/061,340 US20110223105A1 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-09-01 New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0801887 2008-09-01
SE0801887-1 2008-09-01
US13636908P 2008-09-02 2008-09-02
PCT/SE2009/050988 WO2010024775A1 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-09-01 New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis
US13/061,340 US20110223105A1 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-09-01 New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2009/050988 A-371-Of-International WO2010024775A1 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-09-01 New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/077,469 Division US9371275B2 (en) 2008-09-01 2013-11-12 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110223105A1 true US20110223105A1 (en) 2011-09-15

Family

ID=41721739

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/061,340 Abandoned US20110223105A1 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-09-01 New 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis
US14/077,469 Expired - Fee Related US9371275B2 (en) 2008-09-01 2013-11-12 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/077,469 Expired - Fee Related US9371275B2 (en) 2008-09-01 2013-11-12 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US20110223105A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2337775A4 (de)
AU (1) AU2009286182B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2735426A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010024775A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160222388A1 (en) * 2015-02-03 2016-08-04 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation Chemical inhibition of ferrochelatase as an antiangiogenic therapy
US20160250332A1 (en) * 2015-02-26 2016-09-01 Amol Punjabi Upconverting nanoparticles

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011161220A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Photocure Asa Hyperosmotic preparations comprising 5 -amino levulinic acid or derivative as photosensitizing agent
CN104206337B (zh) * 2014-09-23 2016-08-31 浙江省海洋水产研究所 日本黄姑鱼快速挂牌标记方法及其专用试剂

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5661111A (en) * 1994-11-28 1997-08-26 Cosmo Research Institute Method for improving plant salt-tolerance
US6034267A (en) * 1995-03-10 2000-03-07 Photocure As Esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid as photosensitizing agents in photochemotherapy

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0018528D0 (en) * 2000-07-27 2000-09-13 Photocure Asa Compounds
US7094228B2 (en) * 2001-07-31 2006-08-22 Zars, Inc. Methods and formulations for photodynamic therapy
DE10312659A1 (de) * 2003-03-21 2004-10-07 Universität Regensburg 5-Aminolävulinsäurederivate und ihre Verwendung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5661111A (en) * 1994-11-28 1997-08-26 Cosmo Research Institute Method for improving plant salt-tolerance
US6034267A (en) * 1995-03-10 2000-03-07 Photocure As Esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid as photosensitizing agents in photochemotherapy

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Iinuma et al (1994). "A mechanistic study of cellular photodestruction with 5-aminolaevulinic acid-induced prophyrin". Br. J. Cancer, 70: 21-28. *
Stable isotope overview [retrieved 12 February 2013]. Retrieved from the internet . *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160222388A1 (en) * 2015-02-03 2016-08-04 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation Chemical inhibition of ferrochelatase as an antiangiogenic therapy
US10752901B2 (en) * 2015-02-03 2020-08-25 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation Inhibition of ferrochelatase as an antiangiogenic therapy
US20160250332A1 (en) * 2015-02-26 2016-09-01 Amol Punjabi Upconverting nanoparticles
US9956426B2 (en) * 2015-02-26 2018-05-01 Amol Punjabi Upconverting nanoparticles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2009286182A1 (en) 2010-03-04
WO2010024775A1 (en) 2010-03-04
US9371275B2 (en) 2016-06-21
CA2735426A1 (en) 2010-03-04
AU2009286182B2 (en) 2013-11-07
US20140100271A1 (en) 2014-04-10
EP2337775A4 (de) 2015-07-01
EP2337775A1 (de) 2011-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1313695B1 (de) 5-aminolaevulinsäure-ester als mittel zur photosensibilisierung in der chemotherapie
EP2308830B1 (de) Säure additionssalze von 5-aminolevulinsäure oder ihrer derivate
US6034267A (en) Esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid as photosensitizing agents in photochemotherapy
US7335684B2 (en) Esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid as photosensitizing agents in photochemotherapy
US7287646B2 (en) Esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid and their use as photosensitizing compounds in photochemotherapy
US6750212B2 (en) Photochemotherapeutic compositions
AU2002227495A1 (en) Esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid as photosensitizing agents in photochemotherapy
US9371275B2 (en) 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrugs for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SWEDISH PHARMA AB C/O INKUBERA AB, SWEDEN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ERIKSSON, LEIF A.;LOFGREN, LENNART;SIGNING DATES FROM 20110324 TO 20110404;REEL/FRAME:026285/0912

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION