US20110214452A1 - Integrated Air-Separating And Water-Heating Apparatus Intended For A Boiler - Google Patents
Integrated Air-Separating And Water-Heating Apparatus Intended For A Boiler Download PDFInfo
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- US20110214452A1 US20110214452A1 US13/128,173 US200913128173A US2011214452A1 US 20110214452 A1 US20110214452 A1 US 20110214452A1 US 200913128173 A US200913128173 A US 200913128173A US 2011214452 A1 US2011214452 A1 US 2011214452A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
- F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
- F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J3/04121—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
- F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
- F25J3/04618—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit for cooling an air stream fed to the air fractionation unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
- F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
- F25J2205/70—Heating the adsorption vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,461,154 discloses the use of an adiabatic compressor for compressing air and recovering the heat generated at the outlet of the compressor to heat the water which is supplied to a boiler, with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of the air-separating device fed by the compressed air and also of the boiler (for the purpose of reducing the fuel consumption of the boiler).
- WO-A-2006/131283 describes a device in which the air from a compressor is heated by flue gases and is then used to heat the water in two separate exchangers.
- DE-C-19837251 describes an air-separating device integrated with a gas turbine.
- the steam is extracted from a turbine and is then used to preheat the water intended for a boiler.
- the present invention enables the heat recovery from an air compressor to be optimized by preheating the boiler feed water.
- the water supplied to a boiler is sent to a degasser to separate the oxygen dissolved in it, typically in order to reduce the oxygen content to less than 10 ppb by direct steam stripping of the water.
- this degassing must take place at a pressure of less than 20 bar, and preferably less than 10 bar.
- the air When a compressor is used to compress all the air intended for a cryogenic air-separating device, the air must typically be produced at 6 bar abs and therefore at a temperature of 230° C. to 300° C. for an adiabatic compressor.
- the boiler feed water could be heated to between 220° C. and 295° C. (allowing for the fact that a temperature difference of less than 5° C. would entail significant additional costs).
- the relation between the flow of water intended for the boiler (and obtained from the turbine condenser) and the flow of air is 380 kg of water per 1000 Nm 3 /h of air.
- the air leaves the compressor at 273° C.
- the water leaves the condenser at 45° C.
- the minimum temperature difference in the exchanger where the water is heated by the air is 10° C.
- the water can only be heated to 224° C., whereas a temperature of at least 250° C. would be desirable.
- another heat source is used to complement the heat received from the air compressor, in order to raise the temperature of the water intended for the boiler.
- the invention proposes an integrated apparatus, including an air compressor, a steam turbine which drives the air compressor, a first heat exchanger, means for feeding water to the first heat exchanger and from there to a boiler, means for feeding compressed air from the compressor to the first heat exchanger and an air-separating device supplied with air compressed in the compressor, heating means for heating the water downstream from the first exchanger, a second exchanger, means for feeding water from the first exchanger to the heating means, from the heating means to the second exchanger, and from the second exchanger to the boiler, and means for feeding air from the compressor to the second exchanger upstream from the first exchanger, without preheating means between the compressor and the second exchanger, and from the second exchanger to the first exchanger.
- the air from the compressor heats the water without having been preheated by flue gases as in the prior art.
- the invention also proposes a method of heating water intended for a boiler in which water is heated in a first heat exchanger by an exchange of heat with air from a compressor driven by a steam turbine, after which the air cooled in this first exchanger is fed to an air-separating device, characterized in that the water from the first exchanger is reheated and fed to a second exchanger, preferably without having been reheated, where it exchanges heat with air from the compressor, the air from the compressor not being preheated between the compressor and the second exchanger, the air cooled in the second exchanger is fed to the first exchanger, and the water heated in the second exchanger is fed to the boiler.
- the air compressor produces air at a first pressure and the air is fed to the air-separating device at this first pressure, without compression downstream from the air compressor.
- all the air from the compressor is fed to the air-separating device.
- FIGS. 1 and 4 show apparatus according to the invention and FIGS. 2 and 3 are Q-T diagrams of an exchanger of the apparatus.
- water 27 is extracted from a condenser 23 at 45° C. and is pumped to 15 bar by a pump 25 .
- This pumped water is heated by indirect exchange in a first exchanger 29 to a first temperature of at least 100° C., preferably at least 130° C., possibly at least 150° C., or even at least 170° C., for example 175° C. in this case.
- the water recovers heat from the air 35 from an air compressor 31 .
- the compressor can be adiabatic or can have cooling means between the stages.
- the hot water is fed to a degasser 3 which receives water vapor 5 at 14 bar from a boiler 1 . The water is thus heated from its first temperature to 196° C.
- the water 7 at 196° C. is pumped by the pump 9 to 150 bar, creating the flow 11 , and is fed to a second exchanger 13 where it exchanges heat with air 33 from the air compressor 31 . After passing through the two exchangers, the air 37 is fed to an air-separating device which is illustrated in FIG. 4 .
- the flow of water at high pressure 15 is fed to the boiler 1 .
- the water vapor 19 from the boiler 1 is fed to a steam turbine 17 which drives the air compressor 31 .
- the steam 21 is then fed to the condenser 23 .
- the air is not compressed between the outlet of the compressor 31 and the inlet of the air-separating device 49 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates the heat exchange in the two exchangers 13 and 29 . This configuration permits good utilization of the heat from the compressor and efficient degassing at medium pressure.
- FIG. 4 is an illustration of a version of FIG. 1 , showing the air-separating device in greater detail.
- the air 37 from the compressor 31 is fed to a purification device 41 , and from there to a cryogenic distillation air-separating device 49 .
- a liquid product from the separating device 49 is vaporized in an auxiliary vaporizer 51 .
- the purification device is regenerated by a flow of nitrogen 43 from the air-separating device 49 .
- This nitrogen flow can be preheated by water vapor from the boiler 1 and/or by water vapor 55 from the degasser 3 and/or from the boiler blow-offs.
- the water vapor from the boiler 1 is a fraction of the flow 5 to be sent to the degasser 3 .
- a part 57 of the water heated to approximately 150° C. in the first exchanger 29 can be used to heat the regeneration nitrogen 43 .
- This water can be drawn off continuously and stored in a thermally insulated store (not shown) and sent when required to heat the regeneration nitrogen.
- Water vapor 53 from the degasser 3 can be used to vaporize a cryogenic liquid of the air-separating device in an auxiliary vaporizer 51 .
- Part of the water vapor 5 and/or of the water 57 and/or of the water vapor 45 and/or of the water vapor 55 can also be used to heat an absorption cooling unit of the air-separating device 49 .
- the air is not compressed by any compressor means between the air compressor 31 and the air-separating device 49 , and all the air from the air compressor 31 is fed to the air-separating device 49 .
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,461,154 discloses the use of an adiabatic compressor for compressing air and recovering the heat generated at the outlet of the compressor to heat the water which is supplied to a boiler, with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of the air-separating device fed by the compressed air and also of the boiler (for the purpose of reducing the fuel consumption of the boiler).
- WO-A-2006/131283 describes a device in which the air from a compressor is heated by flue gases and is then used to heat the water in two separate exchangers.
- DE-C-19837251 describes an air-separating device integrated with a gas turbine.
- Conventionally, the steam is extracted from a turbine and is then used to preheat the water intended for a boiler.
- The present invention enables the heat recovery from an air compressor to be optimized by preheating the boiler feed water.
- At the present time, the water supplied to a boiler is sent to a degasser to separate the oxygen dissolved in it, typically in order to reduce the oxygen content to less than 10 ppb by direct steam stripping of the water. In order to be efficient, this degassing must take place at a pressure of less than 20 bar, and preferably less than 10 bar.
- When a compressor is used to compress all the air intended for a cryogenic air-separating device, the air must typically be produced at 6 bar abs and therefore at a temperature of 230° C. to 300° C. for an adiabatic compressor.
- In theory, therefore, the boiler feed water could be heated to between 220° C. and 295° C. (allowing for the fact that a temperature difference of less than 5° C. would entail significant additional costs).
- Two problems need to be resolved.
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- In the first place, the water has to be degassed to remove the dissolved oxygen which mainly originates from the water added to compensate for the losses (dilution, steam extraction, and leakage). The pressure must therefore be maintained at a level of less than 20 bar. The boiling point of the steam at this pressure is approximately 210° C., and therefore the boiler water cannot be heated to the optimal temperature in terms of efficiency (furthermore, a margin of 10° C. must typically be maintained between the temperature of the water to be degassed and the temperature of the degasser to enable the latter to operate correctly).
- Secondly, the flow of water for the boiler may be too great compared with the air to allow optimally efficient heat exchange.
- For example, in the case of an air compressor driven by a steam turbine, the relation between the flow of water intended for the boiler (and obtained from the turbine condenser) and the flow of air is 380 kg of water per 1000 Nm3/h of air. The air leaves the compressor at 273° C., the water leaves the condenser at 45° C., and the minimum temperature difference in the exchanger where the water is heated by the air is 10° C.
- In this case, the water can only be heated to 224° C., whereas a temperature of at least 250° C. would be desirable.
- According to the invention, another heat source is used to complement the heat received from the air compressor, in order to raise the temperature of the water intended for the boiler.
- The invention proposes an integrated apparatus, including an air compressor, a steam turbine which drives the air compressor, a first heat exchanger, means for feeding water to the first heat exchanger and from there to a boiler, means for feeding compressed air from the compressor to the first heat exchanger and an air-separating device supplied with air compressed in the compressor, heating means for heating the water downstream from the first exchanger, a second exchanger, means for feeding water from the first exchanger to the heating means, from the heating means to the second exchanger, and from the second exchanger to the boiler, and means for feeding air from the compressor to the second exchanger upstream from the first exchanger, without preheating means between the compressor and the second exchanger, and from the second exchanger to the first exchanger.
- In this case, the air from the compressor heats the water without having been preheated by flue gases as in the prior art.
- Optionally,
-
- The heating means are formed by a direct contact heating device.
- The heating device is supplied with steam from the boiler.
- The heating device is also used to separate the gases dissolved in the water.
- The apparatus includes means for pressurizing the water downstream from the first exchanger and upstream from the second exchanger.
- The apparatus includes an air purification device upstream from the air-separating device, an auxiliary vaporizer, if required, for vaporizing a liquid produced by the air-separating device, means for feeding air from the first exchanger to the air purification device, means for feeding air purified in the purification device to the air-separating device, and means for feeding the water vapor from the boiler to an exchanger for heating regeneration gas to be sent to the purification device and/or to the auxiliary vaporizer and/or to an absorption cooling system of the separating device.
- The apparatus includes an air purification device, an air-separating device, an auxiliary vaporizer, if required, for vaporizing a liquid produced by the air-separating device, means for feeding air from the first exchanger to the air purification device, means for feeding air purified in the purification device to the air-separating device, and means for feeding the water vapor from the heating means to an exchanger for heating regeneration gas to be sent to the purification device and/or to the auxiliary vaporizer and/or to an absorption cooling system of the separating device.
- The apparatus includes an air purification device, an air-separating device, an auxiliary vaporizer, if required, for vaporizing a liquid produced by the air-separating device, means for feeding air from the first exchanger to the air purification device, means for feeding air purified in the purification device to the air-separating device, and means for feeding water from the first exchanger to an exchanger for heating regeneration gas to be sent to the purification device and/or to the auxiliary vaporizer and/or to an absorption cooling system of the separating device.
- The apparatus includes means for feeding water vapor from the boiler to a steam turbine.
- The apparatus includes means for condensing the steam from the turbine and for feeding at least part of the water formed in this way to the first exchanger, part of the water being fed to a power plant if required.
- The apparatus includes means for feeding steam from the turbine to an exchanger for heating regeneration gas to be sent to a purification device of the air-separating device.
- The compressor is an adiabatic compressor.
- The compressor includes at least one cooling means downstream from a stage of the compressor.
- The air is not compressed by any compressor means between the air compressor (31) and the air-separating device (49).
- The invention also proposes a method of heating water intended for a boiler in which water is heated in a first heat exchanger by an exchange of heat with air from a compressor driven by a steam turbine, after which the air cooled in this first exchanger is fed to an air-separating device, characterized in that the water from the first exchanger is reheated and fed to a second exchanger, preferably without having been reheated, where it exchanges heat with air from the compressor, the air from the compressor not being preheated between the compressor and the second exchanger, the air cooled in the second exchanger is fed to the first exchanger, and the water heated in the second exchanger is fed to the boiler.
- Preferably, the air compressor produces air at a first pressure and the air is fed to the air-separating device at this first pressure, without compression downstream from the air compressor.
- Preferably, all the air from the compressor is fed to the air-separating device.
- The invention will now be described more fully with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1 and 4 show apparatus according to the invention andFIGS. 2 and 3 are Q-T diagrams of an exchanger of the apparatus. - In
FIG. 1 ,water 27 is extracted from acondenser 23 at 45° C. and is pumped to 15 bar by apump 25. This pumped water is heated by indirect exchange in afirst exchanger 29 to a first temperature of at least 100° C., preferably at least 130° C., possibly at least 150° C., or even at least 170° C., for example 175° C. in this case. In this first exchanger, the water recovers heat from theair 35 from anair compressor 31. The compressor can be adiabatic or can have cooling means between the stages. The hot water is fed to adegasser 3 which receiveswater vapor 5 at 14 bar from a boiler 1. The water is thus heated from its first temperature to 196° C. and dissolved oxygen is removed by stripping. Thewater 7 at 196° C. is pumped by thepump 9 to 150 bar, creating theflow 11, and is fed to asecond exchanger 13 where it exchanges heat withair 33 from theair compressor 31. After passing through the two exchangers, theair 37 is fed to an air-separating device which is illustrated inFIG. 4 . - The flow of water at
high pressure 15 is fed to the boiler 1. Thewater vapor 19 from the boiler 1 is fed to asteam turbine 17 which drives theair compressor 31. Thesteam 21 is then fed to thecondenser 23. - The air is not compressed between the outlet of the
compressor 31 and the inlet of the air-separatingdevice 49. -
FIG. 2 illustrates the heat exchange in the twoexchangers - In order to optimize the exchange diagram (making the lines on the graph as nearly parallel as possible) to obtain the diagram shown in
FIG. 3 , it is advisable to feed some of thewater 27 condensed after thesteam turbine 17 of the air-separating device to the preheating system of the power plant, and not to the system for preheating by exchange with hot air. -
FIG. 4 is an illustration of a version ofFIG. 1 , showing the air-separating device in greater detail. Theair 37 from thecompressor 31 is fed to a purification device 41, and from there to a cryogenic distillation air-separatingdevice 49. In some cases, a liquid product from theseparating device 49 is vaporized in anauxiliary vaporizer 51. - The purification device is regenerated by a flow of
nitrogen 43 from the air-separatingdevice 49. This nitrogen flow can be preheated by water vapor from the boiler 1 and/or bywater vapor 55 from thedegasser 3 and/or from the boiler blow-offs. Preferably, the water vapor from the boiler 1 is a fraction of theflow 5 to be sent to thedegasser 3. - Additionally or alternatively, a
part 57 of the water heated to approximately 150° C. in thefirst exchanger 29 can be used to heat theregeneration nitrogen 43. This water can be drawn off continuously and stored in a thermally insulated store (not shown) and sent when required to heat the regeneration nitrogen. - Water vapor 53 from the
degasser 3 can be used to vaporize a cryogenic liquid of the air-separating device in anauxiliary vaporizer 51. - Part of the
water vapor 5 and/or of thewater 57 and/or of thewater vapor 45 and/or of thewater vapor 55 can also be used to heat an absorption cooling unit of the air-separatingdevice 49. - The air is not compressed by any compressor means between the
air compressor 31 and the air-separatingdevice 49, and all the air from theair compressor 31 is fed to the air-separatingdevice 49.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0857631 | 2008-11-10 | ||
FR0857631A FR2938320B1 (en) | 2008-11-10 | 2008-11-10 | INTEGRATED AIR SEPARATION AND WATER HEATING SYSTEM FOR A BOILER |
PCT/FR2009/052145 WO2010052437A2 (en) | 2008-11-10 | 2009-11-06 | Integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20110214452A1 true US20110214452A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
Family
ID=40842757
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/128,173 Abandoned US20110214452A1 (en) | 2008-11-10 | 2009-11-06 | Integrated Air-Separating And Water-Heating Apparatus Intended For A Boiler |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110214452A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2344822A2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110086591A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102209873B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2938320B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010052437A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9435229B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2016-09-06 | Linde Ag | Process and device for air separation and steam generation in a combined system |
WO2020160844A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-13 | Linde Gmbh | Method and arrangement for providing a first method product and a second method product |
US20210300788A1 (en) * | 2020-03-29 | 2021-09-30 | Chaac Holdings, Inc. | Atmospheric water and power generation compression apparatus, system and method |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2957408B1 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2015-07-17 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AN AIR GAS FROM AN AIR SEPARATION APPARATUS |
FR2984474A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-21 | Air Liquide | Method for separation of air by cryogenic distillation, involves heating gaseous nitrogen flow, and sending part of condensed steam under specific pressure and at specific temperature to mix with air upstream of compressor stage |
DE102012001606A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-08-01 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for air separation and steam generation in a combined system |
DE102012004048A1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-05 | Linde Ag | Method and device for air separation and steam generation in a combined system |
CN103234213B (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2015-10-14 | 东南大学 | A kind of method of oxygen-enriched combusting Btu utilization and device |
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DE102005026534B4 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2012-04-19 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Steam generating plant |
US8065879B2 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2011-11-29 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Thermal integration of oxygen plants |
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2008
- 2008-11-10 FR FR0857631A patent/FR2938320B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-11-06 KR KR1020117013073A patent/KR20110086591A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-06 EP EP09768157A patent/EP2344822A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-11-06 CN CN200980144751.8A patent/CN102209873B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-06 WO PCT/FR2009/052145 patent/WO2010052437A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-11-06 US US13/128,173 patent/US20110214452A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US4461154A (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1984-07-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for compressing gas |
JPH11182263A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-07-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Gas turbine power plant |
US20010022077A1 (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2001-09-20 | Frank Hannemann | Gas turbine and steam turbine installation |
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US20040069016A1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2004-04-15 | Alain Guillard | Process and installation for separation of air by cryogenic distillation integrated with an associated process |
US6662594B2 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-12-16 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and process for producing gaseous oxygen under elevated pressure |
US20060137393A1 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-06-29 | Bot Patrick L | Integrated air compression, cooling, and purification unit and process |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9435229B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2016-09-06 | Linde Ag | Process and device for air separation and steam generation in a combined system |
WO2020160844A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-13 | Linde Gmbh | Method and arrangement for providing a first method product and a second method product |
US20210300788A1 (en) * | 2020-03-29 | 2021-09-30 | Chaac Holdings, Inc. | Atmospheric water and power generation compression apparatus, system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010052437A2 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
WO2010052437A3 (en) | 2011-06-03 |
EP2344822A2 (en) | 2011-07-20 |
CN102209873A (en) | 2011-10-05 |
FR2938320A1 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
FR2938320B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 |
CN102209873B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
KR20110086591A (en) | 2011-07-28 |
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