US20110189438A1 - Template, method of manufacturing template, and pattern forming method - Google Patents
Template, method of manufacturing template, and pattern forming method Download PDFInfo
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- US20110189438A1 US20110189438A1 US12/980,169 US98016910A US2011189438A1 US 20110189438 A1 US20110189438 A1 US 20110189438A1 US 98016910 A US98016910 A US 98016910A US 2011189438 A1 US2011189438 A1 US 2011189438A1
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- Prior art keywords
- template
- patterns
- mask material
- convex patterns
- concave
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/40—Plastics, e.g. foam or rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B81C99/0075—Manufacture of substrate-free structures
- B81C99/009—Manufacturing the stamps or the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
Definitions
- Embodiments described herein relate generally to a template, a method of manufacturing the template, and a pattern forming method.
- nano-imprint technology As a method of enabling integrated microfabrication in nano-order on a substrate, there is a nano-imprint technology.
- pattern formation is performed by transferring irregularities formed on a template onto a substrate.
- National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2009-523312 and National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2007-521645 disclose a method of forming concave patterns in a two-stage structure as a template suitable for a dual damascene structure.
- FIGS. 1A to 1C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a first embodiment
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a second embodiment
- FIGS. 3A to 3D are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a third embodiment.
- FIGS. 4A to 4E are sectional views for explaining a method of manufacturing a template according to a fourth embodiment.
- first convex patterns and second convex patterns are provided in a mesa region of a template.
- the second convex patterns are provided spaced apart from the first convex patterns to have the height of bases equal to that of the first convex patterns.
- the height of the second convex patterns is different from that of the first convex patterns.
- FIGS. 1A to 1C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a first embodiment.
- convex patterns T 1 and T 2 arranged spaced apart from each other are provided in a mesa region of a template 1 .
- the convex patterns T 1 have height larger than that of the convex patterns T 2 and have arrangement density smaller than that of the convex patterns T 2 .
- an area of the distal ends of the convex patterns T 1 can be set larger than an area of the distal ends of the convex patterns T 2 .
- Spaces among the convex patterns T 1 can be set larger than spaces among the convex patterns T 2 .
- the convex patterns T 1 and the convex patterns T 2 have equal height of bases N.
- Transfer surfaces M 1 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns M 1 .
- Transfer surfaces M 2 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T 2 .
- a step D 1 is provided between the transfer surfaces M 1 and M 2 .
- the mesa region (a main pattern region) refers to a region in which a desired transfer pattern is formed in an irregular shape.
- a peripheral region can be provided around the mesa region to prevent a pattern transferred earlier from being broken by interference between an adjacent pattern and a template in use.
- the template 1 As a material of the template 1 , when ultraviolet curing resin is used as a mask material 3 , quartz or the like having permeability to an ultraviolet ray can be used. When thermosetting resin is used as the mask material 3 , metal or the like having satisfactory thermal conductivity can be used as the material of the template 1 .
- the step D 1 between the transfer surfaces M 1 and M 2 is desirably set to cancel fluctuation in the depth of openings K 1 and K 2 due to a loading effect during processing of a substrate 2 .
- the mask material 3 is formed on the substrate 2 .
- a semiconductor substrate, a glass substrate, a resin substrate, or the like can be used.
- the substrate 2 can be a wafer-like substrate, a film-like substrate, or a tape-like substrate.
- an organic material such as ultraviolet curing resin or thermosetting resin can be used.
- Recesses H 1 and H 2 having different depths are formed in the mask material 3 by pressing the template 1 against the mask material 3 in a state in which the mask material 3 has flexibility (e.g., the mask material 3 is in a liquid state or a semisolid state) and transferring irregularities of the template 1 onto the mask material 3 .
- the mask material 3 is the ultraviolet curing resin
- the mask material 3 can be hardened by irradiating an ultraviolet ray on the mask material 3 in a state in which the template 1 is pressed against the mask material 3 .
- the mask material 3 is the thermosetting resin
- the mask material 3 can be hardened by heating the mask material 3 in the state in which the template 1 is pressed against the mask material 3 .
- the concave patterns H 1 and H 2 are pierced through the mask material 3 to form openings K 1 and K 2 in the substrate 2 by separating the template 1 from the mask material 3 and performing anisotropic etching Eh 1 of the substrate 2 with the mask material 3 as a mask.
- an etching rate is different for a coarse pattern and a dense pattern because of a loading effect.
- the etching rate for the dense pattern is higher than the etching rate for the coarse pattern. Therefore, when the step D 1 is not formed in the mask material 3 , the openings K 2 are deeper than the openings K 1 and the depths of the openings K 1 and K 2 are non-uniform. In particular, when local coverage factors are extremely different, the non-uniformity of the depths of the openings K 1 and K 2 cannot be solved even if gas concentration during the anisotropic etching is adjusted.
- the step D 1 can be formed in the mask material 3 and the depth of the concave patterns H 1 can be set larger than the depth of the concave patterns H 2 by setting the height of the convex patterns T 1 of the template 1 larger than the height of the convex patterns T 2 of the template. Therefore, the thickness of the mask material 3 arranged on the openings K 1 can be set smaller than the thickness of the mask material 3 arranged on the openings K 2 . The depth of the openings K 2 etched deeper than the openings K 1 because of the loading effect can be offset by the thickness of the mask material 3 .
- residual layer thickness (RLT) as the thickness of a film remaining after imprint is changed according to a region, specifically, adjusted such that the residual film is smaller in a dense pattern region than in a coarse pattern region.
- the residual film indicates the thickness of the mask material 3 remaining on the bottom surfaces of the concave patterns formed in the mask material 3 .
- the method of forming the openings K 1 and K 2 in the substrate 2 with the imprint technology is explained as an example.
- the present invention can also be applied to, for example, a method of forming a control gate electrode and a select gate electrode used in a NAND flash memory or the like with the imprint technology, can also be applied to a method of forming a wiring layer with the imprint technology, or can also be applied to a method of forming a via hole with the imprint technology.
- the present invention can also be applied to a method of forming three or more kinds of patterns having different densities.
- a transfer surface of the template 1 in a region having the smallest density, a transfer surface of the template 1 only has to be set highest.
- the transfer surface of the template 1 In a region having the second smallest density, the transfer surface of the template 1 only has to be set second highest. In a region having the largest density, the transfer surface of the template 1 only has to be set lowest.
- the height of the transfer surface of the template 1 can be set to correspond to fluctuation in an etching amount due to the loading effect.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a second embodiment.
- transfer surfaces M 11 and M 12 are provided in a mesa region of a template 11 .
- a step D 2 is provided between the transfer surfaces M 11 and M 12 and the transfer surfaces M 11 are set higher than the transfer surfaces M 12 .
- Recesses U 11 and U 12 arranged spaced apart from each other are respectively provided on the transfer surfaces M 11 and M 12 .
- the concave patterns U 11 have arrangement density smaller than that of the concave patterns U 12 .
- an area of the bottoms of the concave patterns U 11 can be set larger than an area of the bottoms of the concave patterns U 12 .
- Spaces among the concave patterns U 11 can be set larger than spaces among the concave patterns U 12 .
- the heights of the bottoms of the concave patterns U 11 and U 12 are equal to each other.
- the step D 2 between the transfer surfaces M 11 and M 12 is desirably set to cancel fluctuation in the depth of openings K 11 and K 12 due to the loading effect during processing of a substrate 12 .
- a mask material 13 is formed on the substrate 12 .
- the concave patterns H 11 and H 12 having the different depths are formed in the mask material 13 by pressing the template 11 against the mask material 13 in a state in which the mask material 13 has flexibility and transferring irregularities of the template 11 onto the mask material 13 .
- the concave patterns H 11 and H 12 are pierced through the mask material 13 to form the openings K 11 and K 12 in the substrate 12 by separating the template 11 from the mask material 13 in a state in which the mask material 13 is hardened and performing anisotropic etching Eh 2 of the substrate 12 with the mask material 13 as a mask.
- the depth of the concave patterns H 11 can be set larger than the depth of the concave patterns H 12 by providing the step D 2 between the transfer surfaces M 11 and M 12 . Even when the loading effect occurs, the depths of the openings K 11 and K 12 can be uniformalized.
- FIGS. 3A to 3D are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a third embodiment.
- transfer surfaces M 21 and M 22 are provided in a mesa region of the template 21 .
- a step D 3 is provided between the transfer surfaces M 21 and M 22 .
- Recesses U 21 and U 22 arranged spaced apart from each other are respectively provided on the transfer surfaces M 21 and M 22 .
- the heights of the bottoms of the concave patterns U 21 and U 22 are equal to each other.
- the step D 3 between the transfer surfaces M 21 and M 22 is desirably adjusted according to a difference between the depths of impurity-introduced layers F 21 and F 22 formed on the substrate 22 .
- a mask material 23 is formed on the substrate 22 .
- Recesses H 21 and H 22 having different depths are formed in the mask material 23 by pressing the template 21 against the mask material 23 in a state in which the mask material 23 has flexibility and transferring irregularities of the template 21 onto the mask material 23 .
- the impurity-introduced layers F 21 and F 22 are formed on the substrate 22 by separating the template 21 from the mask material 23 in a state in which the mask material 23 is hardened and performing ion implantation IP into the substrate 22 with the mask material 23 as a mask.
- the depth of the concave patterns H 21 can be set larger than the depth of the concave patterns H 22 by providing the step D 3 between the transfer surfaces M 21 and M 22 .
- the impurity-introduced layers F 21 and F 22 having different depths can be formed by the ion implantation IP of the same energy.
- the ion implantation IP only has to be performed once to form the impurity-introduced layers F 21 and F 22 having the different depths. Because it is unnecessary to repeatedly perform the ion implantation IP according to the depths of the impurity-introduced layers F 21 and F 22 , a manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the method of forming the impurity-introduced layers F 21 and F 22 having the different depths by performing the ion implantation IP once is explained.
- the present invention can also be applied to a method of forming trenches or the like having different depths by performing an etching process once.
- FIGS. 4A to 4E are sectional views for explaining a method of manufacturing a template according to a fourth embodiment.
- mesa regions R 1 and R 2 are provided on a template 31 .
- Transfer surfaces M 31 and M 32 are respectively provided in the mesa regions R 1 and R 2 .
- a shield layer 32 is formed on the template 31 .
- the shield layer 32 is patterned by electron beam lithography. Recesses U 31 and U 32 having equal depths are respectively formed on the transfer surfaces M 31 and M 32 by performing anisotropic etching of the template 31 with the patterned shield layer 32 as a mask.
- As a material of the shield layer 32 for example, Cr can be used.
- a fluorine radical can be used as an etching gas in the anisotropic etching of the template 31 .
- a resist film R is formed on the mesa region R 2 by the photolithography technology.
- the depth of the concave patterns U 31 is set larger than the depth of the concave patterns U 32 by performing the anisotropic etching of the template 31 with the patterned shield layer 32 and the resist film R as a mask.
- the shield layer 32 and the resist film R are removed from the template 31 .
- convex patterns T 41 and T 42 having different heights are formed in a mask material 41 by pressing the template 31 against the mask material 41 on a template 51 and transferring irregularities of the template 31 onto the mask material 41 .
- Transfer surfaces M 41 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T 41 and transfer surfaces M 42 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T 42 .
- convex patterns T 51 and T 52 having different heights are formed in the template 51 by performing the anisotropic etching of the template 51 with the mask material 41 as a mask.
- Transfer surfaces M 51 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T 51 and transfer surfaces M 52 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T 52 .
- the anisotropic etching of the template 51 can be performed until the mask material 41 on the transfer surfaces M 52 is completely removed and the height of the transfer surfaces M 52 is reduced to be smaller than that of the transfer surfaces M 51 .
- the template 51 with the imprint technology from the template 31 formed by the electron beam lithography. It is possible to reduce manufacturing time for the template 51 including the convex patterns T 51 and T 52 having the different heights.
Abstract
According to one embodiment, first convex patterns and second convex patterns are provided in a mesa region of a template. The second convex patterns are provided spaced apart from the first convex patterns to have the height of bases equal to that of the first convex patterns. The height of the second convex patterns is different from that of the first convex patterns.
Description
- This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-21029, filed on Feb. 2, 2010; the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Embodiments described herein relate generally to a template, a method of manufacturing the template, and a pattern forming method.
- As a method of enabling integrated microfabrication in nano-order on a substrate, there is a nano-imprint technology. In the nano-imprint technology, pattern formation is performed by transferring irregularities formed on a template onto a substrate.
- For example, National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2009-523312 and National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2007-521645 disclose a method of forming concave patterns in a two-stage structure as a template suitable for a dual damascene structure.
- However, in the method disclosed in National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2009-523312 and National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2007-521645, because the concave patterns in the two-stage structure are arranged in the same place, the depths of the concave patterns transferred onto an organic material layer to be spaced apart from each other cannot be set different.
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FIGS. 1A to 1C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a first embodiment; -
FIGS. 2A to 2C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a second embodiment; -
FIGS. 3A to 3D are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a third embodiment; and -
FIGS. 4A to 4E are sectional views for explaining a method of manufacturing a template according to a fourth embodiment. - In general, according to one embodiment, first convex patterns and second convex patterns are provided in a mesa region of a template. The second convex patterns are provided spaced apart from the first convex patterns to have the height of bases equal to that of the first convex patterns. The height of the second convex patterns is different from that of the first convex patterns.
- Exemplary embodiments of a pattern forming method will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
-
FIGS. 1A to 1C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a first embodiment. - In
FIG. 1A , convex patterns T1 and T2 arranged spaced apart from each other are provided in a mesa region of a template 1. The convex patterns T1 have height larger than that of the convex patterns T2 and have arrangement density smaller than that of the convex patterns T2. For example, an area of the distal ends of the convex patterns T1 can be set larger than an area of the distal ends of the convex patterns T2. Spaces among the convex patterns T1 can be set larger than spaces among the convex patterns T2. - The convex patterns T1 and the convex patterns T2 have equal height of bases N. Transfer surfaces M1 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns M1. Transfer surfaces M2 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T2. A step D1 is provided between the transfer surfaces M1 and M2. The mesa region (a main pattern region) refers to a region in which a desired transfer pattern is formed in an irregular shape. When a plurality of patterns are transferred onto the same substrate to be processed 2, a peripheral region can be provided around the mesa region to prevent a pattern transferred earlier from being broken by interference between an adjacent pattern and a template in use. As a material of the template 1, when ultraviolet curing resin is used as a
mask material 3, quartz or the like having permeability to an ultraviolet ray can be used. When thermosetting resin is used as themask material 3, metal or the like having satisfactory thermal conductivity can be used as the material of the template 1. The step D1 between the transfer surfaces M1 and M2 is desirably set to cancel fluctuation in the depth of openings K1 and K2 due to a loading effect during processing of asubstrate 2. - The
mask material 3 is formed on thesubstrate 2. As thesubstrate 2, a semiconductor substrate, a glass substrate, a resin substrate, or the like can be used. Thesubstrate 2 can be a wafer-like substrate, a film-like substrate, or a tape-like substrate. As themask material 3, an organic material such as ultraviolet curing resin or thermosetting resin can be used. - Recesses H1 and H2 having different depths are formed in the
mask material 3 by pressing the template 1 against themask material 3 in a state in which themask material 3 has flexibility (e.g., themask material 3 is in a liquid state or a semisolid state) and transferring irregularities of the template 1 onto themask material 3. When themask material 3 is the ultraviolet curing resin, themask material 3 can be hardened by irradiating an ultraviolet ray on themask material 3 in a state in which the template 1 is pressed against themask material 3. When themask material 3 is the thermosetting resin, themask material 3 can be hardened by heating themask material 3 in the state in which the template 1 is pressed against themask material 3. - The concave patterns H1 and H2 are pierced through the
mask material 3 to form openings K1 and K2 in thesubstrate 2 by separating the template 1 from themask material 3 and performing anisotropic etching Eh1 of thesubstrate 2 with themask material 3 as a mask. - When the anisotropic etching of the
substrate 2 is performed, an etching rate is different for a coarse pattern and a dense pattern because of a loading effect. The etching rate for the dense pattern is higher than the etching rate for the coarse pattern. Therefore, when the step D1 is not formed in themask material 3, the openings K2 are deeper than the openings K1 and the depths of the openings K1 and K2 are non-uniform. In particular, when local coverage factors are extremely different, the non-uniformity of the depths of the openings K1 and K2 cannot be solved even if gas concentration during the anisotropic etching is adjusted. - On the other hand, the step D1 can be formed in the
mask material 3 and the depth of the concave patterns H1 can be set larger than the depth of the concave patterns H2 by setting the height of the convex patterns T1 of the template 1 larger than the height of the convex patterns T2 of the template. Therefore, the thickness of themask material 3 arranged on the openings K1 can be set smaller than the thickness of themask material 3 arranged on the openings K2. The depth of the openings K2 etched deeper than the openings K1 because of the loading effect can be offset by the thickness of themask material 3. In other words, residual layer thickness (RLT) as the thickness of a film remaining after imprint is changed according to a region, specifically, adjusted such that the residual film is smaller in a dense pattern region than in a coarse pattern region. The residual film indicates the thickness of themask material 3 remaining on the bottom surfaces of the concave patterns formed in themask material 3. As a result, even when the loading effect occurs when the anisotropic etching of thesubstrate 2 is performed, the depths of the openings K1 and K2 can be uniformalized. - In the embodiment explained above, the method of forming the openings K1 and K2 in the
substrate 2 with the imprint technology is explained as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to, for example, a method of forming a control gate electrode and a select gate electrode used in a NAND flash memory or the like with the imprint technology, can also be applied to a method of forming a wiring layer with the imprint technology, or can also be applied to a method of forming a via hole with the imprint technology. - In the embodiment explained above, the method of forming the two kinds of openings K1 and K2 having different densities in the
substrate 2 is explained as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to a method of forming three or more kinds of patterns having different densities. In this case, in a region having the smallest density, a transfer surface of the template 1 only has to be set highest. In a region having the second smallest density, the transfer surface of the template 1 only has to be set second highest. In a region having the largest density, the transfer surface of the template 1 only has to be set lowest. The height of the transfer surface of the template 1 can be set to correspond to fluctuation in an etching amount due to the loading effect. -
FIGS. 2A to 2C are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a second embodiment. - In
FIG. 2A , transfer surfaces M11 and M12 are provided in a mesa region of atemplate 11. A step D2 is provided between the transfer surfaces M11 and M12 and the transfer surfaces M11 are set higher than the transfer surfaces M12. Recesses U11 and U12 arranged spaced apart from each other are respectively provided on the transfer surfaces M11 and M12. The concave patterns U11 have arrangement density smaller than that of the concave patterns U12. For example, an area of the bottoms of the concave patterns U11 can be set larger than an area of the bottoms of the concave patterns U12. Spaces among the concave patterns U11 can be set larger than spaces among the concave patterns U12. - The heights of the bottoms of the concave patterns U11 and U12 are equal to each other. The step D2 between the transfer surfaces M11 and M12 is desirably set to cancel fluctuation in the depth of openings K11 and K12 due to the loading effect during processing of a
substrate 12. Amask material 13 is formed on thesubstrate 12. - The concave patterns H11 and H12 having the different depths are formed in the
mask material 13 by pressing thetemplate 11 against themask material 13 in a state in which themask material 13 has flexibility and transferring irregularities of thetemplate 11 onto themask material 13. - The concave patterns H11 and H12 are pierced through the
mask material 13 to form the openings K11 and K12 in thesubstrate 12 by separating thetemplate 11 from themask material 13 in a state in which themask material 13 is hardened and performing anisotropic etching Eh2 of thesubstrate 12 with themask material 13 as a mask. - The depth of the concave patterns H11 can be set larger than the depth of the concave patterns H12 by providing the step D2 between the transfer surfaces M11 and M12. Even when the loading effect occurs, the depths of the openings K11 and K12 can be uniformalized.
-
FIGS. 3A to 3D are sectional views for explaining a pattern forming method according to a third embodiment. - In
FIG. 3A , transfer surfaces M21 and M22 are provided in a mesa region of thetemplate 21. A step D3 is provided between the transfer surfaces M21 and M22. Recesses U21 and U22 arranged spaced apart from each other are respectively provided on the transfer surfaces M21 and M22. The heights of the bottoms of the concave patterns U21 and U22 are equal to each other. The step D3 between the transfer surfaces M21 and M22 is desirably adjusted according to a difference between the depths of impurity-introduced layers F21 and F22 formed on thesubstrate 22. Amask material 23 is formed on thesubstrate 22. - Recesses H21 and H22 having different depths are formed in the
mask material 23 by pressing thetemplate 21 against themask material 23 in a state in which themask material 23 has flexibility and transferring irregularities of thetemplate 21 onto themask material 23. - The impurity-introduced layers F21 and F22 are formed on the
substrate 22 by separating thetemplate 21 from themask material 23 in a state in which themask material 23 is hardened and performing ion implantation IP into thesubstrate 22 with themask material 23 as a mask. - The depth of the concave patterns H21 can be set larger than the depth of the concave patterns H22 by providing the step D3 between the transfer surfaces M21 and M22. The impurity-introduced layers F21 and F22 having different depths can be formed by the ion implantation IP of the same energy.
- Therefore, the ion implantation IP only has to be performed once to form the impurity-introduced layers F21 and F22 having the different depths. Because it is unnecessary to repeatedly perform the ion implantation IP according to the depths of the impurity-introduced layers F21 and F22, a manufacturing process can be simplified.
- In the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 3A to 3D , the method of forming the impurity-introduced layers F21 and F22 having the different depths by performing the ion implantation IP once is explained. However, the present invention can also be applied to a method of forming trenches or the like having different depths by performing an etching process once. -
FIGS. 4A to 4E are sectional views for explaining a method of manufacturing a template according to a fourth embodiment. - In
FIG. 4A , mesa regions R1 and R2 are provided on atemplate 31. Transfer surfaces M31 and M32 are respectively provided in the mesa regions R1 and R2. Ashield layer 32 is formed on thetemplate 31. Theshield layer 32 is patterned by electron beam lithography. Recesses U31 and U32 having equal depths are respectively formed on the transfer surfaces M31 and M32 by performing anisotropic etching of thetemplate 31 with the patternedshield layer 32 as a mask. As a material of theshield layer 32, for example, Cr can be used. When thetemplate 31 is quartz, a fluorine radical can be used as an etching gas in the anisotropic etching of thetemplate 31. - As shown in
FIG. 4B , a resist film R is formed on the mesa region R2 by the photolithography technology. The depth of the concave patterns U31 is set larger than the depth of the concave patterns U32 by performing the anisotropic etching of thetemplate 31 with the patternedshield layer 32 and the resist film R as a mask. - As shown in
FIG. 4C , theshield layer 32 and the resist film R are removed from thetemplate 31. As shown inFIG. 4D , convex patterns T41 and T42 having different heights are formed in amask material 41 by pressing thetemplate 31 against themask material 41 on atemplate 51 and transferring irregularities of thetemplate 31 onto themask material 41. Transfer surfaces M41 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T41 and transfer surfaces M42 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T42. - As shown in
FIG. 4E , convex patterns T51 and T52 having different heights are formed in thetemplate 51 by performing the anisotropic etching of thetemplate 51 with themask material 41 as a mask. Transfer surfaces M51 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T51 and transfer surfaces M52 are provided at the tops of the convex patterns T52. The anisotropic etching of thetemplate 51 can be performed until themask material 41 on the transfer surfaces M52 is completely removed and the height of the transfer surfaces M52 is reduced to be smaller than that of the transfer surfaces M51. - Consequently, it is possible to form the
template 51 with the imprint technology from thetemplate 31 formed by the electron beam lithography. It is possible to reduce manufacturing time for thetemplate 51 including the convex patterns T51 and T52 having the different heights. - While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
Claims (20)
1. A template comprising:
first convex patterns provided in a mesa region; and
second convex patterns provided in the mesa region spaced apart from the first convex patterns to have height of bases equal to that of the first convex patterns and having height different from that of the first convex patterns.
2. The template according to claim 1 , wherein the first convex patterns have arrangement density smaller than that of the second convex patterns and have height larger than that of the second convex patterns.
3. The template according to claim 2 , wherein an area of distal ends of the first convex patterns is larger than an area of distal ends of the second convex patterns.
4. The template according to claim 2 , wherein spaces among the first convex patterns are larger than spaces among the second convex patterns.
5. A template comprising:
first transfer surfaces;
second transfer surfaces having a step provided with respect to the first transfer surfaces;
first concave patterns provided on the first transfer surfaces; and
second concave patterns provided on the second transfer surfaces to have height of bottoms equal to that of bottoms of the first concave patterns.
6. The template according to claim 5 , wherein
the first concave patterns have arrangement density smaller than that of the second concave patterns, and
the first transfer surfaces have height larger than that of the second transfer surfaces.
7. The template according to claim 6 , wherein an area of the bottoms of the first concave patterns is larger than an area of the bottoms of the second concave patterns.
8. The template according to claim 6 , wherein spaces among the first concave patterns are larger than spaces among the second concave patterns.
9. A method of manufacturing a template comprising:
forming a first template in which concave patterns having different depths are provided in a mesa region; and
transferring irregularities provided in the mesa region of the first template to thereby form a second template in which convex patterns having different heights are provided in a mesa region.
10. The method of manufacturing a template according to claim 9 , wherein the concave patterns having different heights are formed in the first template by setting etching amounts for forming the concave patterns different from one another.
11. A pattern forming method comprising:
pressing a template, in which convex patterns having different heights from bases are provided in a mesa region, against a mask material to thereby form concave patterns having different depths in the mask material; and
performing etching of a substrate with the mask material, in which the concave patterns having the different depths are formed, as a mask.
12. The pattern forming method according to claim 11 , wherein the heights of the convex patterns are different according to a coverage factor by a pattern formed on the substrate by the etching.
13. The pattern forming method according to claim 12 , wherein the heights of the convex patterns are large in a region where density of the pattern is small compared with a region where the density of the pattern is large.
14. The pattern forming method according to claim 11 , wherein, when the template is pressed against the mask material, the mask material is in a state in which the mask material has flexibility.
15. The pattern forming method according to claim 14 , wherein the mask material is hardened after the template is pressed against the mask material.
16. The pattern forming method according to claim 11 , wherein the concave patterns are pierced through the mask material when the etching of the substrate is performed.
17. The pattern forming method according to claim 11 , wherein the heights of the convex patterns are reduced by depth of the concave patterns etched deeper in a depth direction by a loading effect.
18. A pattern forming method comprising:
pressing a template, in which convex patterns having different heights from bases are provided in a mesa region, against a mask material to thereby form concave patterns having different depths in the mask material; and
performing ion implantation into a substrate with the mask material, in which the concave patterns having the different depths are formed, as a mask.
19. The pattern forming method according to claim 18 , wherein the heights of the convex patterns are large in a region where depth of the ion implantation is large compared with a region where the depth is small.
20. The pattern forming method according to claim 19 , wherein impurity-introduced layers having different depths are formed on the substrate by performing the ion implantation once with same energy.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2010-021029 | 2010-02-02 | ||
JP2010021029A JP2011159850A (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-02-02 | Template, method of manufacturing the same and method of forming pattern |
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US12/980,169 Abandoned US20110189438A1 (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-12-28 | Template, method of manufacturing template, and pattern forming method |
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US20120168957A1 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Globalfoundries Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Method to reduce depth delta between dense and wide features in dual damascene structures |
US9786551B2 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-10-10 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Trench structure for high performance interconnection lines of different resistivity and method of making same |
US10606170B2 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-03-31 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Template for imprint lithography and methods of making and using the same |
US20200161180A1 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tall trenches for via chamferless and self forming barrier |
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JP5426489B2 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2014-02-26 | 株式会社東芝 | Template manufacturing method |
JP5915027B2 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2016-05-11 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Pattern forming structure and fine pattern forming method |
JP5851442B2 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2016-02-03 | 株式会社東芝 | Mold and manufacturing method thereof |
JP6384040B2 (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2018-09-05 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Pattern forming method, imprint mold manufacturing method using the same, and imprint mold used therefor |
JP2019054235A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-04-04 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Pattern formation method and method for manufacturing imprint mold by use thereof, and imprint molds to be used therefor |
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KR0161389B1 (en) * | 1995-02-16 | 1999-01-15 | 윤종용 | A mask and the method of pattern forming using the same |
JP2001297997A (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-26 | Sony Corp | Method of manufacturing semiconductor device |
US6653030B2 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-11-25 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Optical-mechanical feature fabrication during manufacture of semiconductors and other micro-devices and nano-devices that include micron and sub-micron features |
KR100568581B1 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2006-04-07 | 주식회사 미뉴타텍 | Composition for mold used in forming micropattern, and mold prepared therefrom |
JP2007529108A (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2007-10-18 | ソニー株式会社 | Semiconductor substrate manufacturing method and semiconductor substrate |
FR2893018B1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2008-03-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD OF FORMING MEDIA HAVING PATTERNS, SUCH AS LITHOGRAPHIC MASKS |
JP2007266193A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Mold member for imprint and method of manufacturing same, and multilayer substrate used for them |
JP4967616B2 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2012-07-04 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Multistage stepped element and method for producing mold |
JP2009105252A (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-05-14 | Cheil Industries Inc | Manufacturing method for fine pattern, and optical element |
-
2010
- 2010-02-02 JP JP2010021029A patent/JP2011159850A/en active Pending
- 2010-12-28 US US12/980,169 patent/US20110189438A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120168957A1 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Globalfoundries Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Method to reduce depth delta between dense and wide features in dual damascene structures |
US8822342B2 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2014-09-02 | Globalfoundries Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Method to reduce depth delta between dense and wide features in dual damascene structures |
US9786551B2 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-10-10 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Trench structure for high performance interconnection lines of different resistivity and method of making same |
US10606170B2 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-03-31 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Template for imprint lithography and methods of making and using the same |
US20200161180A1 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tall trenches for via chamferless and self forming barrier |
US11101175B2 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-08-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tall trenches for via chamferless and self forming barrier |
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