US20100324404A1 - Icg/ecg monitoring apparatus - Google Patents
Icg/ecg monitoring apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100324404A1 US20100324404A1 US12/489,156 US48915609A US2010324404A1 US 20100324404 A1 US20100324404 A1 US 20100324404A1 US 48915609 A US48915609 A US 48915609A US 2010324404 A1 US2010324404 A1 US 2010324404A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- icg
- ecg
- electrode
- electrodes
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/282—Holders for multiple electrodes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0295—Measuring blood flow using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
Definitions
- the following generally relates to a physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus and is described with particular application to impedance cardiography (ICG)/electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring utilizing at least one shared ICG/ECG electrode.
- ICG impedance cardiography
- ECG electrocardiography
- ICG Impedance cardiography
- Electrocardiography is used to sense and record electrical activity of the heart.
- ECG Electrocardiography
- two electrodes are attached to opposing shoulder regions and a third electrode is attached to the front lower chest area.
- the different electrodes sense electrical activity of the heart during each heart cycle.
- difference signals corresponding to differences between voltage measurements for pairs of electrodes, are generated and graphically presented as waves (e.g., on a display or paper) and provide information about the heart. This information can be used to identify electrical rhythms of the heart, including abnormal electrical rhythms, heart muscle damage, and/or other information.
- a relatively large number of electrodes e.g., seven, or four electrode pairs for ICG and three separate and distinct electrodes for ECG
- a relatively large number of electrodes e.g., seven, or four electrode pairs for ICG and three separate and distinct electrodes for ECG
- five and twelve lead ECG configurations even more electrodes are attached to the patient.
- cables are run from each electrode to the ICG and ECG monitoring apparatuses.
- an ICG/ECG electrode includes a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact. At least one of the first or second electrode contacts senses both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal.
- a physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus in another aspect, includes a set of electrodes, including an electrode for sensing both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal corresponding to a patient.
- the apparatus further includes an ICG monitor for processing the ICG voltage signal sensed by the electrode and an ECG monitor for processing the ECG voltage signal sensed by the electrode.
- a method in another aspect, includes supplying a ICG current signal to one electrode of a pair of electrodes of at least one of no more than three sets of pairs of electrodes affixed to a patient about the heart of the patient, sensing an ICG voltage signal by the other electrode of the pair of electrodes, and generating a cardiac parameter based on the ICG current signal and the ICG voltage signal.
- a method in another aspect, includes supplying a first ICG signal to one electrode of a pair of electrodes affixed to a patient about the heart of the patient. The method further includes sensing a second ICG signal by the other electrode of the pair of electrodes and generating a cardiac parameter based on the second ICG signal. The method further includes sensing a signal indicative of an electrical activity of the heart of the patient by the same electrode that senses the second ICG signal and generating an ECG signal based on the sensed signal indicative of an electrical activity of the heart. The method further includes presenting the cardiac parameter and the ECG signal indicative of heart electrical activity.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example physiologic monitoring apparatus
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example shared ICG/ECG electrode
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example electrode carrier
- FIG. 4 illustrates another example electrode carrier
- FIG. 5 illustrates another example electrode carrier
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example method
- FIG. 7 illustrates another example method.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a physiologic monitoring apparatus 100 in connection with a patient 102 .
- the illustrated physiologic monitoring apparatus 100 includes a physiologic parameter monitor 104 , with an impedance cardiography (ICG) monitor 106 and an (electrocardiography) ECG monitor 108 , and is configured for concurrent and individual ICG/ECG monitoring.
- ICG impedance cardiography
- ECG electrocardiography
- the ICG monitor 106 includes a current transmitter 110 and a voltage receiver 112 .
- the current transmitter 110 is configured to supply a predetermined ICG electrical current signal to be applied to the patient 102 .
- the voltage receiver 112 is configured to receive a sensed voltage signal. The voltage signal is used to determine a bio-impedance of blood flowing from the heart of the patient 102 due to the applied current signal from the ICG transmitter 110 .
- a signal generator 114 generates the ICG current signal.
- the signal generator 114 generates a biphasic electrical current signal in a range of about one (1) to four (4) milliamps (mA).
- the biphasic nature of the current signal provides for a current with a substantially zero time average (or essentially no DC component), which can mitigate electrode polarization, which may affect ECG voltage signal reception and/or processing.
- the frequency of the generated current signal is in a range of about seventy thousand Hertz (70 k Hz) to about one hundred and fifty thousand Hz (150 k Hz), which allows for passing the current signal through the skin.
- An ICG voltage signal processor 116 processes the received sensed voltage signal.
- the ICG voltage signal processor 116 determines various information based on the sensed voltage signal from the sensing electrodes. Example of such information includes, but is not limited to, cardiac output, heart rate, and/or other cardiac information.
- the ECG monitor 108 includes a receiver 118 configured to receive a sensed voltage signal indicative of the electrical activity of the heart.
- An ECG signal processor 120 processes the received sensed electrical signal.
- a data synchronizer 122 synchronizes data acquisition of the bio-impedance and heart electrical activity signals. Synchronization can be time synchronized through a crystal controlled or other timing device. In one instance, the signals are synchronized through a common clock. In another instance, the signals are sampled based on separate clocks, and the data synchronizer 122 synchronizes the data by synchronizing on the two clocks. The timing of the signals can also be used to facilitate discriminating between the signals and noise.
- An output device 124 allows for presenting the ICG and/or ECG signals on a display, paper and/or other human readable medium.
- An interface 126 is configured to route the transmitted ICG electrical current from the physiologic parameter monitor 104 to the patient 102 and/or the sensed signals from the patient 102 respectively to the ICG and ECG monitors 106 and 108 .
- a plurality of sets of electrodes 128 1 , 128 2 and 128 N are affixed to the patient 102 .
- N 3 and the sets of electrodes 128 are positioned on the patient 102 to facilitate applying the ICG electrical current signal in connection with predetermined anatomy (e.g., the pulmonary artery and aorta) and sensing signals with respect to such anatomy.
- predetermined anatomy e.g., the pulmonary artery and aorta
- the illustrated positioning of the electrode pairs 128 is similar to three-lead ECG electrode positioning.
- at least one electrode of at least one of the sets of electrodes 128 is shared for both ICG and ECG monitoring. In one instance, sharing an electrode contact as such allows for reducing the overall number of electrodes affixed to the patient 102 relative to a configuration in which separate electrodes are used for ICG and ECG monitoring.
- a communications channel 130 such as a cable or the like includes respective sets of connectors 132 1 , 132 2 and 132 N (collectively referred to as connectors 132 ) that connect to and couple the plurality of sets of pairs of electrodes 128 1 , 128 2 and 128 N and the physiologic parameter monitor 104 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example set of electrodes 128 K .
- the set of electrodes 128 K includes a pair of electrodes, including first and second electrodes or electrode contacts 202 and 204 , affixed to a substrate 206 such as a patch or the like.
- the illustrated electrodes 202 and 204 are circular in shape. In other embodiment, the electrodes 202 and 204 are otherwise shaped, such as polygonally shaped, elliptically shaped, or otherwise shaped.
- the electrodes 202 and 204 include a conductive material such as silver-chloride material and/or other conductive material.
- the first and second electrodes 202 or 204 are disposed in respective separate wells 208 and 210 .
- the first and second electrodes 202 or 204 are successively surrounded by first and second barriers 212 and 214 .
- the illustrated barriers 212 and 214 are “O” or donut shaped and form concentric rings around the electrodes 202 or 204 .
- the first barrier 212 includes a non-adhesive material and the second barrier 214 includes an adhesive material.
- the adhesive material is a gel and mitigates cross-coupling between the supplied ICG current and the sensed heart electrical activity signal, which may facilitate mitigating corruption of the sensed heart electrical activity by the ICG signal.
- the adhesive material includes another electrically insulating material.
- a third barrier 216 is linearly or line shaped and disposed along the substrate 206 between the first and second electrodes 202 or 204 .
- the third barrier 216 is irregular or otherwise shaped. Similar to the second barrier 214 , the third 216 includes an adhesive material, and the adhesive material can be in the form of a gel and also mitigate cross-coupling between the supplied ICG current signal and the sensed signals.
- One of the first or second electrodes 202 or 204 is used for supplying the ICG electrical current signal.
- the other of the electrodes 202 or 204 is used to concurrently or individually sense (by the ICG monitor 106 and the ECG monitor 108 ) the bio-impedance and the heart electrical activity voltage signals.
- FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 illustrate various non-limiting embodiments in which the sets of electrodes 128 are carried by a carrier.
- three sets of electrodes 128 are carried by an “L” shaped carrier 300 .
- the “L” shaped carrier 300 removeably affixes to the patient via an adhesive such as the adhesives 214 and 216 of the electrodes 128 described in connection with FIG. 2 .
- the carrier 300 additionally includes one or more elements for securing the carrier 300 to the patient 102 .
- a carrier 400 is substantially similar to the carrier 300 except that the carrier 400 is triangular shaped.
- a carrier 500 is substantially similar to the carrier 300 except for its shape. As shown in FIG. 5 , the carrier 500 is “O” shaped.
- the carrier is configured to conform to the contour of the body.
- the carriers 300 , 400 and 500 are positioned on the patient 102 so that the electrodes 128 are located about the heart of the patient 102 as described herein.
- the ICG and the ECG monitors 106 and 108 are part of separate physiologic parameter monitoring devices.
- one or both of the ICG and the ECG monitors 106 and 108 are portable units. In such an embodiment, one or both of the ICG and the ECG monitors 106 and 108 are configured to attach to the carriers 300 , 400 , and/or 500 .
- the sets of electrodes 128 include wireless transceivers and communicate with the monitor 104 via the wireless transceivers.
- the individual sets of connectors 132 1 , 132 2 and 132 N are included in separate cables.
- the signal generator 114 generates a signal with an average value that produces a polarization voltage that opposes the polarization voltage of the contacts 202 and 204 .
- a polarization voltage is in a range from about two hundred and fifty (250) milliVolts (mV) to about three hundred and fifty (350) mV.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method for acquiring an ICG electrical voltage signal.
- three sets of pairs of electrodes 128 are affixed to the patient 102 about the heart of the patient 102 .
- the sets of electrodes 128 may be individually affixed to the patient 102 or part of the carrier 300 , 400 , or 500 .
- an ICG electrical current signal is supplied to one electrode 202 or 204 of a pairs of electrodes 128 .
- the ICG current signal generally is an electrical alternating current signal that traverses a path of lower resistance such as the blood flowing from the heart such as from the pulmonary artery and/or aorta.
- an ICG voltage signal is sensed by the other electrode 202 or 204 of the pair of electrodes 128 .
- a bio-impedance of the blood flowing from the heart is computed based on the sensed ICG voltage signal and the applied ICG current signal.
- the bio-impedance and hence the sensed signal varies as the heart expands and contracts and blood flow velocity varies.
- the sensed signal is processed to determine at least one cardiac parameter.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a method for acquiring an ICG and an ECG signal. It is to be appreciated that the ordering of the following acts is provided for explanatory purposes and other ordering is contemplated herein.
- a pair of electrodes 128 is affixed to the patient 102 about the heart of the patient 102 as described herein.
- an ICG electrical current signal is supplied to one electrode 202 or 204 of the pair of electrodes 128 .
- an ICG voltage signal is sensed by the other electrode 202 or 204 of the pair of electrodes 128 .
- an ECG voltage signal is sensed by the electrode sensing the ICG voltage signal.
- the sensed ICG and ECG voltage signals are time-synchronized.
- a cardiac parameter is determined based on the sensed ICG voltage signal and the applied ICG current signal.
- the above may be implemented by way of computer readable instructions, which when executed by a computer processor(s), cause the processor(s) to carry out the acts.
- the instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium associated with or otherwise accessible to the relevant computer.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Abstract
An ICG/ECG electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first or second electrode senses both an ICG signal and an ECG voltage signal. A physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus includes a set of electrodes, including an electrode for sensing both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal corresponding to a patient. The apparatus further includes an ICG monitor for processing the ICG voltage signal sensed by the electrode and an ECG monitor for processing the ECG voltage signal sensed by the same electrode.
Description
- The following generally relates to a physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus and is described with particular application to impedance cardiography (ICG)/electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring utilizing at least one shared ICG/ECG electrode.
- Impedance cardiography (ICG) is used to derive various cardiac parameters based on the impedance of blood flowing through the heart. With ICG, historically four pairs of electrodes are attached to the patient, two pairs at opposing regions about the neck and two pairs at opposing regions about the front lower chest. One electrode of each pair is used to inject a pre-determined electrical current, which travels through a low resistance path in the body such as blood flowing from the heart. The other electrode of each pair detects a signal indicative of a change in impedance (thoracic electric bio-impedance) of the blood flowing from the heart during each heart cycle based on the change in impedance from the change in voltage induced by the injected electrical current.
- Electrocardiography (ECG) is used to sense and record electrical activity of the heart. For a commonly used Wilson three-lead ECG, two electrodes are attached to opposing shoulder regions and a third electrode is attached to the front lower chest area. The different electrodes sense electrical activity of the heart during each heart cycle. Historically, difference signals, corresponding to differences between voltage measurements for pairs of electrodes, are generated and graphically presented as waves (e.g., on a display or paper) and provide information about the heart. This information can be used to identify electrical rhythms of the heart, including abnormal electrical rhythms, heart muscle damage, and/or other information.
- When the above noted ICG and three-lead ECG configurations are used in conjunction, a relatively large number of electrodes (e.g., seven, or four electrode pairs for ICG and three separate and distinct electrodes for ECG) are affixed to the patient. With five and twelve lead ECG configurations, even more electrodes are attached to the patient. Moreover, cables are run from each electrode to the ICG and ECG monitoring apparatuses.
- Aspects of the application address the above matters, and others.
- In one aspect, an ICG/ECG electrode includes a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact. At least one of the first or second electrode contacts senses both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal.
- In another aspect, a physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus includes a set of electrodes, including an electrode for sensing both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal corresponding to a patient. The apparatus further includes an ICG monitor for processing the ICG voltage signal sensed by the electrode and an ECG monitor for processing the ECG voltage signal sensed by the electrode.
- In another aspect, a method includes supplying a ICG current signal to one electrode of a pair of electrodes of at least one of no more than three sets of pairs of electrodes affixed to a patient about the heart of the patient, sensing an ICG voltage signal by the other electrode of the pair of electrodes, and generating a cardiac parameter based on the ICG current signal and the ICG voltage signal.
- In another aspect, a method includes supplying a first ICG signal to one electrode of a pair of electrodes affixed to a patient about the heart of the patient. The method further includes sensing a second ICG signal by the other electrode of the pair of electrodes and generating a cardiac parameter based on the second ICG signal. The method further includes sensing a signal indicative of an electrical activity of the heart of the patient by the same electrode that senses the second ICG signal and generating an ECG signal based on the sensed signal indicative of an electrical activity of the heart. The method further includes presenting the cardiac parameter and the ECG signal indicative of heart electrical activity.
- Those skilled in the art will recognize still other aspects of the present application upon reading and understanding the attached description.
- The application is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements and in which:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates an example physiologic monitoring apparatus; -
FIG. 2 illustrates an example shared ICG/ECG electrode; -
FIG. 3 illustrates an example electrode carrier; -
FIG. 4 illustrates another example electrode carrier; -
FIG. 5 illustrates another example electrode carrier; -
FIG. 6 illustrates an example method; and -
FIG. 7 illustrates another example method. -
FIG. 1 illustrates aphysiologic monitoring apparatus 100 in connection with apatient 102. The illustratedphysiologic monitoring apparatus 100 includes aphysiologic parameter monitor 104, with an impedance cardiography (ICG)monitor 106 and an (electrocardiography)ECG monitor 108, and is configured for concurrent and individual ICG/ECG monitoring. - The
ICG monitor 106 includes acurrent transmitter 110 and avoltage receiver 112. Thecurrent transmitter 110 is configured to supply a predetermined ICG electrical current signal to be applied to thepatient 102. Thevoltage receiver 112 is configured to receive a sensed voltage signal. The voltage signal is used to determine a bio-impedance of blood flowing from the heart of thepatient 102 due to the applied current signal from theICG transmitter 110. - A
signal generator 114 generates the ICG current signal. In the illustrated embodiment, thesignal generator 114 generates a biphasic electrical current signal in a range of about one (1) to four (4) milliamps (mA). The biphasic nature of the current signal provides for a current with a substantially zero time average (or essentially no DC component), which can mitigate electrode polarization, which may affect ECG voltage signal reception and/or processing. The frequency of the generated current signal is in a range of about seventy thousand Hertz (70 k Hz) to about one hundred and fifty thousand Hz (150 k Hz), which allows for passing the current signal through the skin. - An ICG
voltage signal processor 116 processes the received sensed voltage signal. The ICGvoltage signal processor 116 determines various information based on the sensed voltage signal from the sensing electrodes. Example of such information includes, but is not limited to, cardiac output, heart rate, and/or other cardiac information. - The
ECG monitor 108 includes areceiver 118 configured to receive a sensed voltage signal indicative of the electrical activity of the heart. AnECG signal processor 120 processes the received sensed electrical signal. - A
data synchronizer 122 synchronizes data acquisition of the bio-impedance and heart electrical activity signals. Synchronization can be time synchronized through a crystal controlled or other timing device. In one instance, the signals are synchronized through a common clock. In another instance, the signals are sampled based on separate clocks, and thedata synchronizer 122 synchronizes the data by synchronizing on the two clocks. The timing of the signals can also be used to facilitate discriminating between the signals and noise. - An
output device 124 allows for presenting the ICG and/or ECG signals on a display, paper and/or other human readable medium. - An
interface 126 is configured to route the transmitted ICG electrical current from thephysiologic parameter monitor 104 to thepatient 102 and/or the sensed signals from thepatient 102 respectively to the ICG andECG monitors - A plurality of sets of electrodes 128 1, 128 2 and 128 N (collectively referred to as sets of electrodes 128) are affixed to the
patient 102. In the illustrated embodiment, N=3 and the sets of electrodes 128 are positioned on thepatient 102 to facilitate applying the ICG electrical current signal in connection with predetermined anatomy (e.g., the pulmonary artery and aorta) and sensing signals with respect to such anatomy. Note that the illustrated positioning of the electrode pairs 128 is similar to three-lead ECG electrode positioning. As described in greater detail below, at least one electrode of at least one of the sets of electrodes 128 is shared for both ICG and ECG monitoring. In one instance, sharing an electrode contact as such allows for reducing the overall number of electrodes affixed to thepatient 102 relative to a configuration in which separate electrodes are used for ICG and ECG monitoring. - A
communications channel 130 such as a cable or the like includes respective sets ofconnectors physiologic parameter monitor 104. -
FIG. 2 illustrates an example set of electrodes 128 K. The set of electrodes 128 K includes a pair of electrodes, including first and second electrodes orelectrode contacts substrate 206 such as a patch or the like. - The illustrated
electrodes electrodes electrodes - The first and
second electrodes separate wells second electrodes second barriers barriers electrodes - The
first barrier 212 includes a non-adhesive material and thesecond barrier 214 includes an adhesive material. In the illustrated embodiment, the adhesive material is a gel and mitigates cross-coupling between the supplied ICG current and the sensed heart electrical activity signal, which may facilitate mitigating corruption of the sensed heart electrical activity by the ICG signal. In other embodiments, the adhesive material includes another electrically insulating material. - A
third barrier 216 is linearly or line shaped and disposed along thesubstrate 206 between the first andsecond electrodes third barrier 216 is irregular or otherwise shaped. Similar to thesecond barrier 214, the third 216 includes an adhesive material, and the adhesive material can be in the form of a gel and also mitigate cross-coupling between the supplied ICG current signal and the sensed signals. - One of the first or
second electrodes electrodes -
FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 illustrate various non-limiting embodiments in which the sets of electrodes 128 are carried by a carrier. - In
FIG. 3 , three sets of electrodes 128 are carried by an “L” shapedcarrier 300. The “L” shapedcarrier 300 removeably affixes to the patient via an adhesive such as theadhesives FIG. 2 . In another embodiment, thecarrier 300 additionally includes one or more elements for securing thecarrier 300 to thepatient 102. - Turning to
FIG. 4 , acarrier 400 is substantially similar to thecarrier 300 except that thecarrier 400 is triangular shaped. - Likewise, in
FIG. 5 , acarrier 500 is substantially similar to thecarrier 300 except for its shape. As shown inFIG. 5 , thecarrier 500 is “O” shaped. - Other shapes are also contemplated herein. For example, in another instance, the carrier is configured to conform to the contour of the body.
- In one instance, the
carriers patient 102 so that the electrodes 128 are located about the heart of thepatient 102 as described herein. - Variations are contemplated.
- In another embodiment, the ICG and the ECG monitors 106 and 108 are part of separate physiologic parameter monitoring devices.
- In another embodiment, one or both of the ICG and the ECG monitors 106 and 108 are portable units. In such an embodiment, one or both of the ICG and the ECG monitors 106 and 108 are configured to attach to the
carriers - In another embodiment, the sets of electrodes 128 include wireless transceivers and communicate with the
monitor 104 via the wireless transceivers. - In another embodiment, the individual sets of
connectors - In another embodiment, the
signal generator 114 generates a signal with an average value that produces a polarization voltage that opposes the polarization voltage of thecontacts electrodes - Example methods are described.
-
FIG. 6 illustrates a method for acquiring an ICG electrical voltage signal. - At 602, three sets of pairs of electrodes 128 are affixed to the
patient 102 about the heart of thepatient 102. As described herein, the sets of electrodes 128 may be individually affixed to thepatient 102 or part of thecarrier - At 604, an ICG electrical current signal is supplied to one
electrode - At 606, an ICG voltage signal is sensed by the
other electrode - At 608, a bio-impedance of the blood flowing from the heart is computed based on the sensed ICG voltage signal and the applied ICG current signal. The bio-impedance and hence the sensed signal varies as the heart expands and contracts and blood flow velocity varies.
- At 608, the sensed signal is processed to determine at least one cardiac parameter.
-
FIG. 7 illustrates a method for acquiring an ICG and an ECG signal. It is to be appreciated that the ordering of the following acts is provided for explanatory purposes and other ordering is contemplated herein. - At 702, a pair of electrodes 128 is affixed to the
patient 102 about the heart of thepatient 102 as described herein. - At 704, an ICG electrical current signal is supplied to one
electrode - At 706, an ICG voltage signal is sensed by the
other electrode - At 708, an ECG voltage signal is sensed by the electrode sensing the ICG voltage signal.
- At 710, the sensed ICG and ECG voltage signals are time-synchronized.
- At 712, a cardiac parameter is determined based on the sensed ICG voltage signal and the applied ICG current signal.
- The above may be implemented by way of computer readable instructions, which when executed by a computer processor(s), cause the processor(s) to carry out the acts. The instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium associated with or otherwise accessible to the relevant computer.
- The application has been described with reference to various embodiments. Modifications and alterations will occur to others upon reading the application. It is intended that the invention be construed as including all such modifications and alterations, including insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (30)
1. An ICG/ECG electrode, comprising:
a first electrode contact; and
a second electrode contact;
wherein one of the first or the second electrode contacts senses both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal.
2. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 1 , further comprising:
a substrate, wherein the first and second electrode contacts are affixed to the substrate; and
a barrier disposed on the substrate between the first and second electrode contacts.
3. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 2 , wherein the barrier includes an adhesive material for affixing the electrode contacts to a patient.
4. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 2 , wherein the barrier mitigates cross-coupling of an ICG electrical current signal applied to one of the first or second electrode contacts and the other of the first or second electrode contacts sensing the ECG voltage signal.
5. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 2 , wherein the first and second electrode contacts are affixed to wells of the substrate.
6. The ICG/ECG electrode (128) of claim 1 , further comprising: first and second barriers, wherein the first and second electrode contacts are surrounded by the first barrier and second barriers (212, 214).
7. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 6 , wherein the first barrier is a non-adhesive barrier and the second barrier is an adhesive barrier.
8. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 7 , wherein the first and second barriers mitigate cross-coupling of an electrical current signal applied to one of the first or second electrode contacts and the other of the first or second electrode contacts sensing the ECG voltage signal.
9. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 1 , wherein no more than three ICG/ECG electrodes are used for ICG/ECG monitoring.
10. The ICG/ECG electrode of claim 1 , wherein the ICG/ECG electrode is part of a carrier that includes no more than three ICG/ECG shared electrodes.
11. A physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus, comprising:
a set of electrodes, including an electrode for sensing both an ICG voltage signal and an ECG voltage signal corresponding to a patient;
an ICG monitor for processing the ICG voltage signal sensed by the electrode; and
an ECG monitor for processing the ECG voltage signal sensed by the same electrode.
12. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising: a synchronizer that time-synchronizes the sensed ICG and ECG voltage signals.
13. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the ICG and ECG voltage signals are acquired based on a common acquisition clock.
14. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the ICG and ECG voltage signals are acquired based on different acquisition clocks, and the synchronizer time-synchronizes the clocks, thereby time-synchronizing the sensed ICG and ECG voltage signals.
15. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the ICG and ECG voltage signals are concurrently sensed.
16. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the ICG and ECG voltage signals are individually sensed.
17. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising: a substrate, wherein the set of electrodes are affixed to the substrate.
18. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising: at least one barrier disposed on the substrate, separating the electrodes.
19. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the at least one barrier electrically isolates the electrodes from each other.
20. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 11 , wherein at least a second one of the electrodes is configured for applying an ICG electrical current signal to the patient.
21. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 20 , further comprising a signal generator, wherein the signal generator generates a biphasic ICG electrical current signal, which is supplied to the at least the second one of the electrodes.
22. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the biphasic ICG electrical current signal has a zero time-average value.
23. The physiologic parameter monitoring apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the biphasic ICG electrical current signal has a polarization value equal to about a polarization of the electrodes.
24. A method, comprising:
supplying an ICG electrical current signal to one electrode of a pair of electrodes of at least one of no more than three sets of pairs of electrodes affixed to a patient about the heart of the patient;
sensing an ICG voltage signal by the other electrode of the pair of electrodes; and
generating at least one cardiac parameter based on the sensed ICG voltage signal and the supplied ICG electrical current signal.
25. The method of claim 24 , further comprising computing a bio-impedance based on the ICG current signal and the ICG voltage signal, identifying a variation in the bio-impedance over time, and determining a cardiac parameter based on the identified variation.
26. The method of claim 24 , further comprising: sensing an ECG voltage signal by the other of the pair of electrodes.
27. The method of claim 26 , further comprising: time-synchronizing the ICG voltage signal and the ECG voltage signal.
28. The method of claim 24 , further comprising computing a bio-impedance based on the ICG current signal and the ICG voltage signal, wherein the bio-impedance is indicative of an impedance of blood flow from the heart during a heart cycle.
29. A method, comprising:
supplying a first ICG signal to one electrode of a pair of electrodes affixed to a patient about the heart of the patient;
sensing a second ICG signal by the other electrode of the pair of electrodes;
generating a cardiac parameter based on the second ICG signal;
sensing a signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart of the patient by the same electrode that senses the second ICG signal;
generating an ECG signal based on the sensed signal indicative of the electrical activity of the heart; and
presenting the cardiac parameter and the ECG signal.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the pair of electrodes is one of no more than three pairs of electrodes affixed to the patient.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/489,156 US20100324404A1 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2009-06-22 | Icg/ecg monitoring apparatus |
US13/600,707 US8521264B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2012-08-31 | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/489,156 US20100324404A1 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2009-06-22 | Icg/ecg monitoring apparatus |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/600,707 Division US8521264B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2012-08-31 | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20100324404A1 true US20100324404A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
Family
ID=43354913
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/489,156 Abandoned US20100324404A1 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2009-06-22 | Icg/ecg monitoring apparatus |
US13/600,707 Expired - Fee Related US8521264B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2012-08-31 | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/600,707 Expired - Fee Related US8521264B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2012-08-31 | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20100324404A1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110066054A1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | Imec | Method and electronic medical device for simultaneously measuring an impedance and a biopotential signal |
US20110066053A1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | Imec | Adaptive sampling |
US20110092834A1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-04-21 | Imec | Analogue signal processors |
US8521264B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2013-08-27 | Analogic Corporation | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals |
US20140249440A1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-09-04 | Matt Banet | Body-worn system for continuous, noninvasive measurement of cardiac output, stroke volume, cardiac power, and blood pressure |
AT514017A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-15 | Falko Dr Skrabal | Hemodynamic ECG |
WO2015038496A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Medtronic, Inc. | Apparatus and method for simultaneous capture of biopotential and tissue impedance signals |
WO2015079448A1 (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2015-06-04 | Cardiologic Innovations Ltd | A patient monitoring system |
WO2016168873A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2016-10-27 | Falko Skrabal | Body impedance measuring device |
EP3492009A1 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-05 | Nokia Technologies Oy | An apparatus comprising a fabric substrate and electrodes |
CN111194182A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2020-05-22 | 呼吸运动公司 | Electrode spacing for bioimpedance measurements |
KR20200114235A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-07 | 한국과학기술원 | Apparatus and Method for Concurrent Bio-impedance Measurement and Time Synchronization on Different Body Sites |
US20200367760A1 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2020-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Blood Pressure Monitoring Using a Multi-Function Wrist-Worn Device |
CN115868993A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳市美林医疗器械科技有限公司 | Combined monitoring method, equipment and medium for multiple human body signs |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140213881A1 (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-07-31 | Perminova Inc. | Magnetically connected electrode for measuring physiological signals |
KR20210083415A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Electronic device and method for monitoring blood pressure |
Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6102869A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 2000-08-15 | Heinemann & Gregori Gmbh | Process and device for determining the cardiac output |
US6327487B1 (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 2001-12-04 | Robert A. Stratbucker | Bioelectric interface |
US20020045836A1 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2002-04-18 | Dima Alkawwas | Operation of wireless biopotential monitoring system |
US6496732B1 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2002-12-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Internal cardiac output monitor |
US6511438B2 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2003-01-28 | Osypka Medical Gmbh | Apparatus and method for determining an approximation of the stroke volume and the cardiac output of the heart |
US6602201B1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2003-08-05 | Cardiodynamics International Corporation | Apparatus and method for determining cardiac output in a living subject |
US6636754B1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2003-10-21 | Cardiodynamics International Corporation | Apparatus and method for determining cardiac output in a living subject |
US6829501B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-12-07 | Ge Medical Systems Information Technologies, Inc. | Patient monitor and method with non-invasive cardiac output monitoring |
US20050215918A1 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-29 | Frantz Ann K | Thoracic impedance monitor and electrode array and method of use |
US20060111641A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-25 | Applied Cardiac Systems, Inc. | System and method for ICG recording and analysis |
US20060155354A1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-13 | Heath Roger L | Electrode system for a physiological stimulator |
US20060178706A1 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-10 | Lisogurski Daniel M | Monitoring physiological signals during external electrical stimulation |
US7197357B2 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2007-03-27 | Life Sync Corporation | Wireless ECG system |
US7214189B2 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2007-05-08 | Proteus Biomedical, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for tissue activation and monitoring |
US7272428B2 (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2007-09-18 | Motorola, Inc. | Wireless electrocardiograph system and method |
US20070219454A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-20 | Guzzetta J J | ECG method and system for optimal cardiac disease detection |
US7277751B2 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2007-10-02 | Zoll Medical Corporation | ECG/pacing electrodes |
US20090292192A1 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2009-11-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Multi-conductor connection device for a medical sensor |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0336328Y2 (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1991-08-01 | ||
SE9203171D0 (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Siemens Elema Ab | DEVICE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF ATRIAL DEPOLARIZATION |
EP1565102A4 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2008-05-28 | Medtronic Inc | Synchronization and calibration of clocks for a medical device and calibrated clock |
US20050124901A1 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-09 | Misczynski Dale J. | Method and apparatus for electrophysiological and hemodynamic real-time assessment of cardiovascular fitness of a user |
WO2006048664A2 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-11 | L & P 100 Limited | Medical devices |
US20100324404A1 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-23 | Analogic Corporation | Icg/ecg monitoring apparatus |
-
2009
- 2009-06-22 US US12/489,156 patent/US20100324404A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-08-31 US US13/600,707 patent/US8521264B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6327487B1 (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 2001-12-04 | Robert A. Stratbucker | Bioelectric interface |
US6102869A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 2000-08-15 | Heinemann & Gregori Gmbh | Process and device for determining the cardiac output |
US6496732B1 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2002-12-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Internal cardiac output monitor |
US6602201B1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2003-08-05 | Cardiodynamics International Corporation | Apparatus and method for determining cardiac output in a living subject |
US6636754B1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2003-10-21 | Cardiodynamics International Corporation | Apparatus and method for determining cardiac output in a living subject |
US7272428B2 (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2007-09-18 | Motorola, Inc. | Wireless electrocardiograph system and method |
US20020045836A1 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2002-04-18 | Dima Alkawwas | Operation of wireless biopotential monitoring system |
US6511438B2 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2003-01-28 | Osypka Medical Gmbh | Apparatus and method for determining an approximation of the stroke volume and the cardiac output of the heart |
US7197357B2 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2007-03-27 | Life Sync Corporation | Wireless ECG system |
US6829501B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-12-07 | Ge Medical Systems Information Technologies, Inc. | Patient monitor and method with non-invasive cardiac output monitoring |
US20050215918A1 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-29 | Frantz Ann K | Thoracic impedance monitor and electrode array and method of use |
US7214189B2 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2007-05-08 | Proteus Biomedical, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for tissue activation and monitoring |
US7277751B2 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2007-10-02 | Zoll Medical Corporation | ECG/pacing electrodes |
US20060111641A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-25 | Applied Cardiac Systems, Inc. | System and method for ICG recording and analysis |
US20060155354A1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-13 | Heath Roger L | Electrode system for a physiological stimulator |
US20090292192A1 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2009-11-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Multi-conductor connection device for a medical sensor |
US20060178706A1 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-10 | Lisogurski Daniel M | Monitoring physiological signals during external electrical stimulation |
US20070219454A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-20 | Guzzetta J J | ECG method and system for optimal cardiac disease detection |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8521264B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2013-08-27 | Analogic Corporation | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals |
US8862210B2 (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2014-10-14 | Imec | Analogue signal processors |
US20110066053A1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | Imec | Adaptive sampling |
US20110092834A1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-04-21 | Imec | Analogue signal processors |
US8454505B2 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2013-06-04 | Imec | Method and electronic medical device for simultaneously measuring an impedance and a biopotential signal |
US8755868B2 (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2014-06-17 | Imec | Adaptive sampling |
US20110066054A1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | Imec | Method and electronic medical device for simultaneously measuring an impedance and a biopotential signal |
US20140249440A1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-09-04 | Matt Banet | Body-worn system for continuous, noninvasive measurement of cardiac output, stroke volume, cardiac power, and blood pressure |
US10856752B2 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2020-12-08 | Sotera Wireless, Inc. | Body-worn system for continuous, noninvasive measurement of cardiac output, stroke volume, cardiac power, and blood pressure |
AT514017A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-15 | Falko Dr Skrabal | Hemodynamic ECG |
US10517499B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2019-12-31 | Falko Skrabal | ECG device |
AT514017B1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2020-11-15 | Dr Skrabal Falko | Hemodynamic EKG |
WO2015038496A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Medtronic, Inc. | Apparatus and method for simultaneous capture of biopotential and tissue impedance signals |
US9456763B2 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2016-10-04 | Medtronic, Inc. | Apparatus and method for simultaneous capture of biopotential and tissue impedance signals |
WO2015079448A1 (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2015-06-04 | Cardiologic Innovations Ltd | A patient monitoring system |
US20200367760A1 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2020-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Blood Pressure Monitoring Using a Multi-Function Wrist-Worn Device |
US10709350B2 (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2020-07-14 | Falko Skrabal | Body impedance measuring device |
WO2016168873A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2016-10-27 | Falko Skrabal | Body impedance measuring device |
CN111194182A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2020-05-22 | 呼吸运动公司 | Electrode spacing for bioimpedance measurements |
EP3492009A1 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-05 | Nokia Technologies Oy | An apparatus comprising a fabric substrate and electrodes |
KR20200114235A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-07 | 한국과학기술원 | Apparatus and Method for Concurrent Bio-impedance Measurement and Time Synchronization on Different Body Sites |
KR102237213B1 (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2021-04-07 | 한국과학기술원 | Apparatus and Method for Concurrent Bio-impedance Measurement and Time Synchronization on Different Body Sites |
CN115868993A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳市美林医疗器械科技有限公司 | Combined monitoring method, equipment and medium for multiple human body signs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20120323106A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
US8521264B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8521264B2 (en) | Method for monitoring ICG/ECG signals | |
US10722133B2 (en) | QT interval determination methods and related devices | |
US20230233129A1 (en) | Wearable Wrist Device Electrocardiogram | |
EP3280326B1 (en) | Mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring device | |
AU2016281828B2 (en) | Electronic system to control the acquisition of an electrocardiogram | |
US20100042012A1 (en) | Diagnostic device for remote sensing and transmitting biophysiological signals | |
US20090112080A1 (en) | System for Measuring Electric Signals | |
US20140257119A1 (en) | Patient Electrode Impedance Measurement | |
EP2983583A2 (en) | Measurement of cerebral physiologic parameters using bioimpedance | |
CA2792498A1 (en) | A two part eeg monitor with databus and method of communicating between the parts | |
US7783341B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for discerning therapeutic signals from noise in physiological data | |
US20210345270A1 (en) | Method for synchronization of a multitude of wearable devices | |
US20170020405A1 (en) | Ecg electrode and leadwire connection integrity detection | |
US20150201858A1 (en) | Diagnostic device for remote sensing and transmitting biophysiological signals | |
Spencer et al. | Exploring the origins of EEG motion artefacts during simultaneous fMRI acquisition: Implications for motion artefact correction | |
Garvey | ECG techniques and technologies | |
Dineen et al. | Neurophysiologic tests in the operating room | |
CN110123312A (en) | Wearable device and its ECG detecting accessory | |
CN109431477A (en) | Medical cardiopulmonary monitoring system and medical cardiopulmonary monitoring method | |
Pfeiffer et al. | Motion-induced imbalance of contact impedance in ECG capture: Comparison of electrode materials in capacitive coupling | |
US11504044B2 (en) | Electrocardiogram waveform measurement system and electrocardiogram waveform measurement method | |
Kusche et al. | Comfortable Body Surface Potential Mapping by Means of a Dry Electrode Belt | |
Rapin et al. | A wearable EIT system based on cooperative sensors | |
Kojić et al. | H-reflex recorded by multi-pad EMG electrodes | |
Angelucci et al. | Design and Evaluation of a Wearable Single-Lead ECG for Continuous Monitoring |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ANALOGIC CORPORATION, MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HARROLD, LEWIS NORMAN;DICIACCIO, ANTHONY RALPH;REEL/FRAME:022859/0285 Effective date: 20090618 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |