US20100275873A1 - Simple frictional weld - Google Patents
Simple frictional weld Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100275873A1 US20100275873A1 US11/576,302 US57630205A US2010275873A1 US 20100275873 A1 US20100275873 A1 US 20100275873A1 US 57630205 A US57630205 A US 57630205A US 2010275873 A1 US2010275873 A1 US 2010275873A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cooling channel
- ring
- skirt
- ring wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
- F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
- F01P3/10—Cooling by flow of coolant through pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/003—Pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
- F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
- F02F2003/0061—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping by welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/04—Forging of engine parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49249—Piston making
Definitions
- the invention relates to a one-piece, steel welded cooling-channel piston of forged steel in accordance with the features of the preamble of claim 1 .
- the object of the invention is to develop a piston surpassing the prior art in which the cooling channel or cooling cavity is tightly sealed.
- a piston of this type is described, for example, in the unpublished German patent application DE 10 2004 038 465.7.
- a cooling channel piston is known from the previously published German patent application DE 102 44 512 A1 having the features which constitute the genre.
- the upper part of the piston has circumferential radial webs running coaxially behind the ring belt which are joined to corresponding webs on the piston skirt by means of friction welding. After the joining of piston upper part and piston lower part, the lower face of the ring belt is located adjacent the upper circumferential radial face of the piston skirt. In the state when piston upper and lower parts are joined, the outer piston wall areas between both parts of the piston form a contact surface which is characterized by a gap a few tenths of a millimeter wide.
- a sealing ring of this kind has the advantage that the cooling channel is then closed to form a seal, but in a disadvantageous manner it represents an additional component which has to be produced and correctly positioned when the two parts of the piston are joined.
- the sealing ring just like the few tenths of a millimeter wide gap without a sealing ring, has the disadvantage that the upper part of the piston (piston crown) cannot be supported on the lower part of the piston (piston skirt) while the piston is operating. While operating, the piston crown is deformed in a disadvantageous manner by the combustion pressures acting on it so that the strength and durability of the piston are compromised.
- a cooling channel piston for a combustion engine is known from EP-A-1 061 249, having a piston crown and a piston skirt joined by means of friction welding, which together form a cooling channel, where a ring wall delimiting the cooling channel radially outward is formed by the piston crown and/or the piston skirt and the ring wall can be closed to form a seal by an interference fit and/or positive fit after piston crown and piston skirt have been joined.
- the surfaces of the ring belt and of the piston skirt facing each other are radially circumferential and coplanar with each other.
- the object of the invention is therefore to prepare a cooling channel piston which effectively avoids the disadvantages described initially.
- the object of the invention is achieved to the extent that the upper and lower part of the cooling channel steel piston are first joined by means of friction welding or resistance press welding where a ring wall delimiting the cooling channel in an outward direction does not initially form a material bond and the tight sealing of the ring wall of the cooling channel is achieved by means of an interference and/or positive fit, specifically a subsequent welding process.
- the subsequent external welding (not friction welding), or the corresponding shaping of the ring wall respectively, affects the cooling channel to the extent that no flashes from friction welding extend into the cooling channel in the area of the ring wall.
- the piston is supported in the area of the ring belt, that is, the forces acting on the piston crown can be transferred to the piston skirt, which considerably increases the strength and durability of the cooling channel piston.
- the welding also counteracts deformation in the skirt area, particularly in its upper area. In addition, manufacturing tolerances between the upper and lower part are compensated.
- both the face of the ring wall below the ring belt and also the adjoining face of the ring side above the piston skirt to have a matching shoulder.
- welded-in parts can be dispensed with due to the piston being formed only of piston crown and piston skirt, which considerably simplifies the manufacture of a cooling channel piston in accordance with the invention. Additionally, one advantage of the invention is that, depending on the configuration of the joint area around the ring wall, this joint area can serve to lend rigidity to and position the joined parts during the friction welding. A cost saving results at the same time because welded-in parts can be dispensed with in the area of the cooling channel.
- FIG. 1 shows the section through a one-piece, welded cooling channel piston, specifically of forged steel.
- FIG. 1 One half of a sectioned view of a piston and specifically of a cooling channel piston for a combustion engine is shown In FIG. 1 .
- the cooling channel piston 1 shown here consists of a piston crown 2 and a piston skirt 3 which are joined by means of friction welding which results in a friction welding seam 4 .
- the piston crown 2 is formed from a combustion bowl 5 , an upper land 6 , a ring belt 7 and one part of a cooling channel 8 .
- the area of the piston skirt 3 comprises an outer skirt surface 9 of the cooling channel piston 1 , a piston pin bore 10 and a lower part 11 of the cooling channel.
- the cooling channel 8 is consequently formed of an upper and a lower area 11 of the piston crown 2 and the piston skirt 3 and a recessed, circumferential web of the piston crown 2 and the piston skirt 3 .
- an additional groove 12 is introduced into the outer surface of the piston 1 below the ring belt 7 .
- the two parts of the piston 2 , 3 merely abut each other in the area of the ring wall 13 without the existence of a material bond and/or tight connection in the area of this ring wall 13 .
- the joining of the ring wall 13 is carried out in a subsequent, supplementary welding process.
- welding processes but not friction welding, such as for example, electron beam welding, WIG welding, MIG welding, MAG welding, laser welding, etc. is conceivable.
- a shoulder 14 is incorporated in the joint area of the ring wall 13 which has the advantage that when welding the ring wall 13 , the weld seam root does not extend into the cooling channel 8 and in addition, a tight weld is made possible by welding up the shoulder and a clean, pore-free root is created.
- the design of the shoulder 14 is not restricted to this embodiment, but rather the creation of other shoulder shapes 14 in the area of the ring wall 13 is conceivable which either assist the subsequent welding process or have a positive effect on the friction welding.
- An additional advantage of welding the ring wall 13 afterwards is that until immediately before the final joining of the piston crown 2 and the piston skirt 3 , inert gases can penetrate through the gap in the ring wall 13 into the area of the friction weld seam which in turn have a positive effect on the material structure in the friction weld seam 4 .
- the location of the shoulder 14 in the area of the ring wall 13 is placed exactly in the center of the groove 12 only as an example. This shoulder 14 lies advantageously below the ring belt 7 and above the lower end 15 of the cooling piston channel. It is also conceivable in accordance with the invention not to introduce a groove 12 into the piston 1 and to form the ring wall 13 only with the surface of the skirt 9 .
- the ring wall 13 is formed by the lower face of the ring belt 7 and the upper shoulder of the piston skirt 3 . Because of the geometry in the area of the ring wall 13 shown in FIG. 1 , the welding procedure can be performed particularly conveniently. The matching shoulders of the opposing faces, as already explained, prevent the weld seam from forming towards the cooling channel 8 . Besides that, the advantage of the welding process to be performed radially on the outside remains, specifically that the weld seam projecting radially outward can be removed, for example by machining. In addition to this ring wall 13 geometry shown in FIG.
- the basic principle of the present invention is important and advantageous, namely that) that the piston crown 2 and the piston skirt 3 have webs recessed from the outer surface running radially circumferential which are joined by means of friction welding while the ring wall 13 , which is shaped so that the faces of the ring wall 13 bordering each other (of the piston crown 2 and/or of the piston skirt 3 ) do not yet form a material joint in the friction welding process, is directly on the outer surface of the cooling channel piston 1 .
- the welding of the adjacent faces of the ring wall 13 takes place in an additional step from the outside only after piston crown 2 and piston skirt 3 have been joined through their internal webs by means of friction welding.
- FIG. 2 shows the area of the ring wall 13 where the part of the face of the ring belt 7 projecting downward is configured in a grooved shape into which a radially circumferential shoulder facing upwards engages above the face of the piston skirt 9 .
- welding the adjacent faces of the ring wall 13 is subsequently carried out from the outside. This closes the cooling channel 8 completely, the ring belt 7 is supported against deformation when the cooling channel piston 1 is operating, and the piston skirt is supported against deformation, in particular in the upper area.
- FIG. 3 shows a section of the area of the ring wall 13 where the lower circumferential section of the ring belt 7 and the upper circumferential section of the piston skirt 9 are shown.
- the face of the ring wall 13 below the ring belt 7 and the adjacent face of the ring side 13 above the piston skirt 9 are configured in the manner of a groove, similar to FIG. 2 , but with the particular feature that the circumferential tongue 17 has a height X which is greater than the depth Y of the groove 16 .
- the procedure during manufacture of the cooling channel piston 1 is that piston crown 2 and piston skirt 3 , as already described, are joined by means of friction welding or resistance press welding and thereby the two faces of the ring wall 13 from FIG.
- the ring wall 13 (the area below the ring belt 7 and above the piston skirt 9 ) is closed by means of an interference and/or positive fit such that on the one hand the cooling channel 8 is sealed and on the other hand the piston crown 2 can rest on the piston skirt 3 in such a way that deformation of the piston crown 2 when the cooling channel piston 1 is operating is clearly reduced since the combustion pressures or forces acting on the piston crown 2 can be transferred to the piston skirt ( 9 ).
- the contact area in the region of the ring wall 13 can still be materially joined by means of a welding process, but this can normally be dispensed with.
- the geometric relationships after the joining of piston crown 2 and piston skirt 3 are such that the faces below the ring belt 7 and above the piston skirt 9 are not yet in contact, but a gap has formed.
- this area of the ring wall 13 is closed in a manner in accordance with the invention as a positive fit by means of a welding procedure, as already described.
- the opposing faces can be configured planar or be configured from other geometric shapes (as for example step-shaped in accordance with FIG. 3 or tongue-and-groove as in FIG. 3 .
- cooling channel piston 1 there may be, but does not have to be, an additional, radially circumferential web 18 .
- This web 18 which can be manufactured with the cooling channel piston 1 or as a separate component which can be joined to the cooling channel piston 1 , then forms at least one further cooling channel 19 , where in addition to the two cooling channels 8 , 19 , which can also be described as cooling chambers, a cooling medium can be introduced centrally in the interior area of the cooling channel piston 1 , permanently or circulating.
- cooling medium can be sprayed into the cooling channel or cooling channels
- necessary orifices as for example holes on the underside of the interior area or also inside the webs separating the cooling channels.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine which includes a piston bottom and a piston shaft that are joined thereto of a friction welding process. The piston bottom and the piston shaft jointly form a cooling channel. An annular wall which radially delimits the cooling channel towards the outside is formed by the piston bottom and/or the piston shaft. The annular wall can be sealed by a welding process once the piston bottom and the piston shaft have been joined together.
Description
- The invention relates to a one-piece, steel welded cooling-channel piston of forged steel in accordance with the features of the preamble of
claim 1. - The object of the invention is to develop a piston surpassing the prior art in which the cooling channel or cooling cavity is tightly sealed. A piston of this type is described, for example, in the unpublished German
patent application DE 10 2004 038 465.7. - A cooling channel piston is known from the previously published German patent application DE 102 44 512 A1 having the features which constitute the genre. The upper part of the piston has circumferential radial webs running coaxially behind the ring belt which are joined to corresponding webs on the piston skirt by means of friction welding. After the joining of piston upper part and piston lower part, the lower face of the ring belt is located adjacent the upper circumferential radial face of the piston skirt. In the state when piston upper and lower parts are joined, the outer piston wall areas between both parts of the piston form a contact surface which is characterized by a gap a few tenths of a millimeter wide. It can remain open or be sealed by means of a temperature-resistant sealing ring which is positioned before the joining of both parts of the piston on one of the contact surfaces, for example that of the lower part of the piston. A sealing ring of this kind has the advantage that the cooling channel is then closed to form a seal, but in a disadvantageous manner it represents an additional component which has to be produced and correctly positioned when the two parts of the piston are joined. In addition, the sealing ring, just like the few tenths of a millimeter wide gap without a sealing ring, has the disadvantage that the upper part of the piston (piston crown) cannot be supported on the lower part of the piston (piston skirt) while the piston is operating. While operating, the piston crown is deformed in a disadvantageous manner by the combustion pressures acting on it so that the strength and durability of the piston are compromised.
- A cooling channel piston for a combustion engine is known from EP-A-1 061 249, having a piston crown and a piston skirt joined by means of friction welding, which together form a cooling channel, where a ring wall delimiting the cooling channel radially outward is formed by the piston crown and/or the piston skirt and the ring wall can be closed to form a seal by an interference fit and/or positive fit after piston crown and piston skirt have been joined. As shown in
FIGS. 2 to 5 , the surfaces of the ring belt and of the piston skirt facing each other are radially circumferential and coplanar with each other. The mutually coplanar facing surfaces on the lower edge of the ring belt and the upper edge of the piston skirt do not have any type of shoulder so that when the cooling channel piston is operating, there is no adequate support for the piston crown on the piston skirt. Only inFIG. 6 is it shown that the upwardly facing termination of the piston skirt has a single shoulder with which the coplanar aligned lower part of the ring belt can come into contact. This certainly improves the supporting effect, but not optimally. In addition, the inwardly directed L-shape of the shoulder at the upper end of the piston skirt is extremely difficult and expensive to manufacture with the required precision, so that no practical solution can be derived from EP-A-1 061 249. - Generic cooling channel pistons are also known from US 2004/144247 A1 and US-B1-6698391 in which, however, the circumferential radial lower edge of the ring belt and the upper edge of the piston skirt coming into contact therewith are also only configured coplanar so that the supporting effect is not disclosed.
- The object of the invention is therefore to prepare a cooling channel piston which effectively avoids the disadvantages described initially.
- The object of the invention is achieved to the extent that the upper and lower part of the cooling channel steel piston are first joined by means of friction welding or resistance press welding where a ring wall delimiting the cooling channel in an outward direction does not initially form a material bond and the tight sealing of the ring wall of the cooling channel is achieved by means of an interference and/or positive fit, specifically a subsequent welding process. An advantageous joining and closing of the cooling channel is now possible through the design of the cooling channel piston in accordance with the invention, wherein the joined parts, that is, piston crown and piston skirt, are joined by means of friction welding or resistance press welding. The subsequent external welding (not friction welding), or the corresponding shaping of the ring wall respectively, affects the cooling channel to the extent that no flashes from friction welding extend into the cooling channel in the area of the ring wall. Through the subsequent welding of the outer ring wall, or generally through the interference and/or positive fit, the piston is supported in the area of the ring belt, that is, the forces acting on the piston crown can be transferred to the piston skirt, which considerably increases the strength and durability of the cooling channel piston. At the same time, the welding also counteracts deformation in the skirt area, particularly in its upper area. In addition, manufacturing tolerances between the upper and lower part are compensated. In addition, provision is made in accordance with the invention for both the face of the ring wall below the ring belt and also the adjoining face of the ring side above the piston skirt to have a matching shoulder. As a result, both in the case of the interference fit and in the case of the positive fit connection the cooling channel is dosed and the support of the piston crown on the piston skirt is optimized in the contact or joint area.
- Additional welded-in parts can be dispensed with due to the piston being formed only of piston crown and piston skirt, which considerably simplifies the manufacture of a cooling channel piston in accordance with the invention. Additionally, one advantage of the invention is that, depending on the configuration of the joint area around the ring wall, this joint area can serve to lend rigidity to and position the joined parts during the friction welding. A cost saving results at the same time because welded-in parts can be dispensed with in the area of the cooling channel.
- The invention will be described hereinafter with reference to an embodiment to which the invention is not restricted and explained by the
FIGS. 1 to 4 . -
FIG. 1 shows the section through a one-piece, welded cooling channel piston, specifically of forged steel. - One half of a sectioned view of a piston and specifically of a cooling channel piston for a combustion engine is shown In
FIG. 1 . Thecooling channel piston 1 shown here consists of apiston crown 2 and apiston skirt 3 which are joined by means of friction welding which results in afriction welding seam 4. Thepiston crown 2 is formed from acombustion bowl 5, anupper land 6, aring belt 7 and one part of acooling channel 8. The area of thepiston skirt 3 comprises anouter skirt surface 9 of thecooling channel piston 1, apiston pin bore 10 and alower part 11 of the cooling channel. Thecooling channel 8 is consequently formed of an upper and alower area 11 of thepiston crown 2 and thepiston skirt 3 and a recessed, circumferential web of thepiston crown 2 and thepiston skirt 3. - In this embodiment an
additional groove 12 is introduced into the outer surface of thepiston 1 below thering belt 7. After thepiston crown 2 and thepiston skirt 3 have been joined by friction welding, the two parts of thepiston ring wall 13 without the existence of a material bond and/or tight connection in the area of thisring wall 13. The joining of thering wall 13 is carried out in a subsequent, supplementary welding process. Here, the widest variety of welding processes (but not friction welding), such as for example, electron beam welding, WIG welding, MIG welding, MAG welding, laser welding, etc. is conceivable. - In this embodiment, a
shoulder 14 is incorporated in the joint area of thering wall 13 which has the advantage that when welding thering wall 13, the weld seam root does not extend into thecooling channel 8 and in addition, a tight weld is made possible by welding up the shoulder and a clean, pore-free root is created. - The design of the
shoulder 14 is not restricted to this embodiment, but rather the creation ofother shoulder shapes 14 in the area of thering wall 13 is conceivable which either assist the subsequent welding process or have a positive effect on the friction welding. - An additional advantage of welding the
ring wall 13 afterwards is that until immediately before the final joining of thepiston crown 2 and thepiston skirt 3, inert gases can penetrate through the gap in thering wall 13 into the area of the friction weld seam which in turn have a positive effect on the material structure in thefriction weld seam 4. The location of theshoulder 14 in the area of thering wall 13 is placed exactly in the center of thegroove 12 only as an example. Thisshoulder 14 lies advantageously below thering belt 7 and above thelower end 15 of the cooling piston channel. It is also conceivable in accordance with the invention not to introduce agroove 12 into thepiston 1 and to form thering wall 13 only with the surface of theskirt 9. - With a view to
FIG. 1 , it should be pointed out once more that thering wall 13 is formed by the lower face of thering belt 7 and the upper shoulder of thepiston skirt 3. Because of the geometry in the area of thering wall 13 shown inFIG. 1 , the welding procedure can be performed particularly conveniently. The matching shoulders of the opposing faces, as already explained, prevent the weld seam from forming towards thecooling channel 8. Besides that, the advantage of the welding process to be performed radially on the outside remains, specifically that the weld seam projecting radially outward can be removed, for example by machining. In addition to thisring wall 13 geometry shown inFIG. 1 , it is also conceivable that the upper part of thepiston skirt 3 has a plateau which the lower face of thering belt 7 contacts after the friction welding process. It is also conceivable that thering belt 7 is located on the piston skirt and comes into contact with a lower face below theupper land 6. The advantages described initially remain with these geometries as well. The basic principle of the present invention is important and advantageous, namely that) that thepiston crown 2 and thepiston skirt 3 have webs recessed from the outer surface running radially circumferential which are joined by means of friction welding while thering wall 13, which is shaped so that the faces of thering wall 13 bordering each other (of thepiston crown 2 and/or of the piston skirt 3) do not yet form a material joint in the friction welding process, is directly on the outer surface of thecooling channel piston 1. The welding of the adjacent faces of thering wall 13 takes place in an additional step from the outside only afterpiston crown 2 andpiston skirt 3 have been joined through their internal webs by means of friction welding. -
FIG. 2 shows the area of thering wall 13 where the part of the face of thering belt 7 projecting downward is configured in a grooved shape into which a radially circumferential shoulder facing upwards engages above the face of thepiston skirt 9. Here too, welding the adjacent faces of thering wall 13 is subsequently carried out from the outside. This closes thecooling channel 8 completely, thering belt 7 is supported against deformation when thecooling channel piston 1 is operating, and the piston skirt is supported against deformation, in particular in the upper area. -
FIG. 3 shows a section of the area of thering wall 13 where the lower circumferential section of thering belt 7 and the upper circumferential section of thepiston skirt 9 are shown. In the design in accordance withFIG. 3 , the face of thering wall 13 below thering belt 7 and the adjacent face of thering side 13 above thepiston skirt 9 are configured in the manner of a groove, similar toFIG. 2 , but with the particular feature that thecircumferential tongue 17 has a height X which is greater than the depth Y of thegroove 16. The procedure during manufacture of thecooling channel piston 1 is thatpiston crown 2 andpiston skirt 3, as already described, are joined by means of friction welding or resistance press welding and thereby the two faces of thering wall 13 fromFIG. 3 (are at a distance (with a gap) and do not contact each other. Subsequently thecooling channel piston 1 is pressed together from above and from below, in the axial direction of the piston stroke. The opposed faces of the underside of thering belt 7 and of the upper side of thepiston skirt 9 come into contact, where simultaneously the radiallycircumferential tongue 17 is deformed inside the radiallycircumferential groove 16 so that an interference fit and a positive fit result in the area of thering wall 13, which ensures that thecooling channel 8 is closed to form a seal and at the same time thepiston crown 2 can rest on thepiston skirt 9. In a preferred embodiment, this interference and positive fit is sufficient, although it is also conceivable to reinforce the contact area additionally in the area of thering wall 13 through a material bond by means of a welding procedure. - Something similar applies in the embodiment in accordance with
FIG. 4 , where the face of thering wall 13 below thering belt 7 and the adjacent face of thering side 13 above thepiston skirt 9 both have a matching shoulder. In this instance also, the opposing faces are not in initial contact after thepiston crown 2 andpiston skirt 3 have been joined, but a gap has formed instead. To eliminate the gap to achieve sealing of the coolingchannel 8 and absorption of force for thepiston crown 2 on thepiston skirt 3, the coolingchannel piston 1 is again exposed to a force from above and from below so that in the area of the contact surfaces an interference or a positive fit results. The coolingchannel 8 is sealed and absorption of force is provided so that in contrast to the embodiment fromFIG. 1 , a welding procedure in the area of thering wall 13 can be omitted. - In summary, it must be pointed out once again that initially the
piston crown 2 is joined to thepiston skirt 3 by means of friction welding or resistance press welding. This joining takes place in an area clearly set back from thering belt 7 which is located coaxially between the back side of thering belt 7 and the outer circumference of thecombustion bowl 5 to achieve sufficient rigidity. Following this joining ofpiston crown 2 andpiston skirt 3, the ring wall 13 (the area below thering belt 7 and above the piston skirt 9) is closed by means of an interference and/or positive fit such that on the one hand the coolingchannel 8 is sealed and on the other hand thepiston crown 2 can rest on thepiston skirt 3 in such a way that deformation of thepiston crown 2 when the coolingchannel piston 1 is operating is clearly reduced since the combustion pressures or forces acting on thepiston crown 2 can be transferred to the piston skirt (9). In this case the contact area in the region of thering wall 13 can still be materially joined by means of a welding process, but this can normally be dispensed with. - Alternatively, or additionally, the geometric relationships after the joining of
piston crown 2 andpiston skirt 3 are such that the faces below thering belt 7 and above thepiston skirt 9 are not yet in contact, but a gap has formed. In order to seal thecooling channel 8 and to ensure the absorption of forces from thepiston crown 2 to thepiston skirt 3, this area of thering wall 13 is closed in a manner in accordance with the invention as a positive fit by means of a welding procedure, as already described. The opposing faces can be configured planar or be configured from other geometric shapes (as for example step-shaped in accordance withFIG. 3 or tongue-and-groove as inFIG. 3 . - With reference to
FIG. 1 , it must be pointed out supplementary that in the internal region of thecooling channel piston 1 there may be, but does not have to be, an additional, radiallycircumferential web 18. Thisweb 18, which can be manufactured with the coolingchannel piston 1 or as a separate component which can be joined to thecooling channel piston 1, then forms at least one further coolingchannel 19, where in addition to the twocooling channels cooling channel piston 1, permanently or circulating. Not shown, but present, are on the one hand means with which the cooling medium can be sprayed into the cooling channel or cooling channels, and on the other hand the necessary orifices, as for example holes on the underside of the interior area or also inside the webs separating the cooling channels. -
-
- 1. Cooling channel piston
- 2. Piston crown
- 3. Piston skirt
- 4. Friction welding seam
- 5. Combustion bowl
- 6. Top land
- 7. Ring belt
- 8. Cooling channel
- 9. Skirt surface
- 10. Piston pin hole
- 11. Lower area
- 12. Groove
- 13. Ring wall
- 14. Shoulder
- 15. Lower end
- 16. Groove
- 17. Tongue
- 18. Web
- 19. Cooling channel
Claims (8)
1. The cooling channel piston for a combustion engine, comprising:
a piston crown and a piston skirt attached thereto by means of a weld which together form a cooling channel:
a ring wall delimiting the cooling channel radially outward at least formed by one of the piston crown or the piston skirt and the ring wall closed to form a seal by one of an interference and a positive fit after piston crown and piston skirt have been joined; and
a face of the ring wall below a ring belt and an adjoining face of a ring side above the piston skirt both have a matching shoulder.
2. The cooling channel piston of claim 1 , wherein the ring wall is closed to form a positive fit by means of a another weld.
3. The cooling channel piston claim 1 wherein the face of the ring wall below the ring belt and the adjacent face of the ring side above the piston skirt are configured in the shape of a groove.
4. The cooling channel piston of claim 3 , wherein a circumferential groove in the lower face of the ring belt has a lesser depth (X) than a circumferential tongue has height (Y), the tongue (17) being deformable after the piston crown and piston skirt have been joined.
5. The cooling channel piston of claim 1 wherein in an inner area of the cooling channel piston at least one additional, radially circumferential web is disposed to form at least one additional cooling channel.
6. The cooling channel piston of claim 1 , where the weld is one of a friction weld and a resistance weld.
7. The cooling channel piston of claim 2 , wherein the another weld is a non-friction weld.
8. The cooling channel of claim 1 , wherein the face of the ring wall below the ring belt and the adjacent face of the ring side above the piston skirt have matching grooves.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/795,485 US10066579B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2015-07-09 | Simple friction weld |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004047842.2 | 2004-09-29 | ||
DE102004047842 | 2004-09-29 | ||
DE102004061778.3 | 2004-12-22 | ||
DE102004061778A DE102004061778A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2004-12-22 | Simple friction weld |
PCT/EP2005/010535 WO2006034862A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-29 | Simple friction weld |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/010535 A-371-Of-International WO2006034862A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-29 | Simple friction weld |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/795,485 Continuation US10066579B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2015-07-09 | Simple friction weld |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20100275873A1 true US20100275873A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
Family
ID=35666190
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/576,302 Abandoned US20100275873A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-29 | Simple frictional weld |
US14/795,485 Active 2026-05-12 US10066579B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2015-07-09 | Simple friction weld |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/795,485 Active 2026-05-12 US10066579B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2015-07-09 | Simple friction weld |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20100275873A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1809885B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE487865T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004061778A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006034862A1 (en) |
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US8528513B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2013-09-10 | Daimler Ag | Cast steel piston for internal combustion engines |
US20090178640A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-07-16 | Daimler Ag | Cast steel piston for internal combustion engines |
US20110185992A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2011-08-04 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Friction welded steel piston having optimized cooling channel |
US9238283B2 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2016-01-19 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Friction welded steel piston having optimized cooling channel |
US8925511B2 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2015-01-06 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Internal combustion engine piston with cooling channel said piston comprising a sealing element sealing the cooling channel |
US20120037113A1 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-02-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
US8631573B2 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2014-01-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
US9856820B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2018-01-02 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston assembly |
US8973484B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2015-03-10 | Mahle Industries Inc. | Piston with cooling gallery |
US10753310B2 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2020-08-25 | Tenneco Inc. | Piston with enhanced cooling gallery |
US20130206095A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | Miguel Azevedo | Piston with enhanced cooling gallery |
JP2015508140A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2015-03-16 | フェデラル−モーグル コーポレイション | Piston with improved cooling cavity |
US9726109B2 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2017-08-08 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
US20150090215A1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2015-04-02 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
US20140000453A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-02 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston with Cooling Gallery and Closed Collar Chamber |
US9657683B2 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2017-05-23 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston with cooling gallery and closed collar chamber |
US20140109877A1 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-04-24 | Ecomotors, Inc. | Integrated Piston and Bridge |
US9121344B2 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2015-09-01 | Ecomotors, Inc. | Integrated piston and bridge |
CN104018950A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-09-03 | 艾克莫特公司 | Integrated piston and bridge |
US9127619B2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2015-09-08 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Piston with a cooling gallery partially filled with a thermally conductive metal-containing composition |
US20140123930A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-08 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Piston With a Cooling Gallery Partially Filled With a Thermally Conductive Metal-Containing Composition |
CN105246639A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2016-01-13 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Piston assembly with weld support |
US9328823B2 (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2016-05-03 | Dong Yang Piston Co., Ltd. | Steel piston having cooling channel without flash |
US20150007717A1 (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-08 | Dong Yang Piston Co., Ltd. | Steel piston having cooling channel without flash |
US20170138297A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-05-18 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Gap geometry in a cohesively joined cooling-channel piston |
US10337450B2 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Gap geometry in a cohesively joined cooling-channel piston |
CN104801847A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-29 | 玉柴联合动力股份有限公司 | Forging steel structure piston friction welding structure and friction welding process thereof |
US20180328311A1 (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2018-11-15 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Heat Input Zone Of A Piston, Having A Groove Flank Positioned In Said Heat Input Zone |
US11162453B2 (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2021-11-02 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Piston |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1809885B1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
DE502005010525D1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
EP1809885A1 (en) | 2007-07-25 |
US10066579B2 (en) | 2018-09-04 |
DE102004061778A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
WO2006034862A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
US20160222909A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
ATE487865T1 (en) | 2010-11-15 |
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