US20100170427A1 - Device for reducing the entry of fluid into a tunnel - Google Patents

Device for reducing the entry of fluid into a tunnel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20100170427A1
US20100170427A1 US12/664,104 US66410408A US2010170427A1 US 20100170427 A1 US20100170427 A1 US 20100170427A1 US 66410408 A US66410408 A US 66410408A US 2010170427 A1 US2010170427 A1 US 2010170427A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
hull
deflector
orifice
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/664,104
Inventor
Yvan Brulhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DRS Drag Reduction Systems SA
Magising Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
DRS Drag Reduction Systems SA
Magising Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DRS Drag Reduction Systems SA, Magising Pte Ltd filed Critical DRS Drag Reduction Systems SA
Assigned to MAGISING PTE. LTD., DRS DRAG REDUCTION SYSTEMS SA reassignment MAGISING PTE. LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRULHART, YVAN
Publication of US20100170427A1 publication Critical patent/US20100170427A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/46—Steering or dynamic anchoring by jets or by rudders carrying jets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device greatly reducing, or even avoiding, the entry of a fluid, generally a liquid, into a tunnel.
  • the invention relates to a device enabling—during the normal forwards movement of a vessel—the entry of the water into the tunnel of a bow thruster of this vessel to be greatly reduced or avoided.
  • the presence of a housing, of a recess and, naturally, of a bow thruster tunnel greatly disrupts the normal movement of boats and ships equipped therewith, because this interruption in the hull of the vessel causes eddies, turbulence and a significant drag, reducing the speed of movement of the vessel and absorbing a large amount of the propulsion power.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of one or more orifices in the hull of a vessel, in particular at the orifices giving access to the transverse tunnel enclosing the bow thruster/thrusters, in order to reduce the volume of fluid which flows along the hull of the vessel during its normal movement entering or leaving this tunnel in order to greatly reduce or avoid any eddying, drag or turbulence phenomena, which is simple, strong and requires only little or no maintenance.
  • An object of the present invention is the production of such a device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of an orifice or cavity in the hull of a vessel.
  • the object of the present invention is a device for controlling the fluid passing in front of the orifices in the hull of a vessel, in particular those giving access to the transverse tunnel enclosing the bow thruster/thrusters, tending to obviate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned existing devices and permitting the object stated above to be achieved.
  • This device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of an orifice or cavity in the hull of a vessel is characterised by the features listed in claim 1 .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical partial cross-sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, passing through the axis of the bow thruster tunnel.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view of the hull of the vessel in line with the arrow A of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional detail on a larger scale showing the device.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates on a larger scale a transverse cross-sectional view of the shapes forming a deflector.
  • the attached drawing shows very schematically the hull 1 of a vessel through which a bow tunnel 2 passes in the transverse direction, in which tunnel one or more bow thrusters 3 are mounted. At its ends this bow tunnel 2 has orifices 4 passing through the hull 1 of the vessel and issuing entirely into the water.
  • the cross-section of this bow tunnel 2 is generally circular and its ends can be flared.
  • the bow tunnel 2 is filled with the fluid surrounding the hull 1 of the vessel.
  • the bow thruster 3 When the vessel manoeuvres in order to dock, for example, or in order to leave its position at the quay, the bow thruster 3 is started up, which causes a displacement in the fluid inside the bow tunnel transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, which makes it possible to move this vessel in order to bring it closer to, or move it further away from, the mooring quay.
  • the object of the device in accordance with the invention is to control the flow of fluid passing in front of the orifices 4 of the bow tunnel 2 in order to reduce or avoid entry of the fluid into this tunnel 2 and reduce or eliminate any turbulence and drag owing to the flow of the fluid in front of these orifices 4 .
  • This device for controlling the flow of the fluid in front of the orifices of the bow tunnel 4 of the hull 1 of a vessel has at least one deflector 5 rigidly fixed to the hull 1 of the vessel upstream of the orifice 4 and extending over a distance greater than or at least equal to the diameter of this orifice 4 .
  • This deflector 5 has, in cross-section, a planar inner face 6 disposed facing the hull 1 of the vessel and a convex outer face 7 .
  • the thickness of the deflectors increases greatly in the upstream part 8 to then decrease slowly in the direction of the downstream part and to terminate in a strongly tapered manner forming a downstream edge 9 .
  • This deflector 5 is rigidly fixed to the hull 1 of the vessel with the aid of supports 10 welded, bolted or fixed in any other manner to the hull 1 of the vessel.
  • the device preferably has two deflectors 5 disposed on either side of the orifice 4 of the bow tunnel 2 .
  • the distance L separating the downstream edge 9 of the upstream deflector 5 from the upstream edge of the downstream deflector 5 a is substantially equal to, slightly less or greater than, the diameter of the orifice 4 of the bow tunnel 2 .
  • the inner planar surface 6 of the deflectors 5 and 5 a is substantially parallel to the hull 1 of the vessel.
  • the inner face 6 of the upstream deflector 5 forms a slight angle with the surface of the hull 1 of the vessel so that its downstream edge 9 is further away from this hull than its front edge is.
  • the front edge of the downstream deflector 5 a is closer to the hull 1 of the vessel than the downstream edge 9 of this downstream deflector 5 a is.
  • the downstream deflector 5 a is omitted.
  • the length 1 of the deflector/deflectors 5 would be of the order of 1.1 m, its depth P of the order of 15 to 40 cm and its thickness e of the order of 15 to 30 mm.
  • the depth P of the upstream deflector is preferably greater than that of the downstream deflector.
  • the flow of fluid between the deflector/deflectors 5 and the hull 1 of the vessel is controlled and modified. It becomes uniform and controlled and forms a liquid wall in front of the orifice 4 of the bow tunnel, preventing the fluid from entering it or at least greatly reducing the entrance of fluid into the said orifice. This makes it possible to reduce or eliminate turbulence in the fluid at this location and to reduce the drag of the vessel very substantially.
  • the device of the invention is simple, inexpensive, fixed to the hull of the vessel and requires only a little maintenance while making it possible to avoid drag and turbulence in the fluid owing to the presence of the bow tunnel orifices and thus to reduce the resistance to the forward movement of the vessel.
  • the device described can be used to control the flow of fluid passing in front of any type of orifice or cavity formed in the hull of a vessel.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of an orifice or cavity produced in the hull of a vessel has at least one deflector (5) rigidly fixed to the wall of the vessel upstream of the orifice or cavity. This deflector has a planar inner face directed towards the hull of the vessel and a curved outer face which is highly convex upstream and tapered downstream.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a device greatly reducing, or even avoiding, the entry of a fluid, generally a liquid, into a tunnel. In particular, the invention relates to a device enabling—during the normal forwards movement of a vessel—the entry of the water into the tunnel of a bow thruster of this vessel to be greatly reduced or avoided. The presence of a housing, of a recess and, naturally, of a bow thruster tunnel greatly disrupts the normal movement of boats and ships equipped therewith, because this interruption in the hull of the vessel causes eddies, turbulence and a significant drag, reducing the speed of movement of the vessel and absorbing a large amount of the propulsion power.
  • In order to avoid these disadvantages it has been proposed to close off—during normal movement of the vessel—the orifices in the hull which give access to the transverse tunnel in which the bow thruster/thrusters is/are housed, using sliding or pivoting shutters controlled by motors. These systems are not only expensive but are also very delicate because their correct operation can be hampered by seaweed and rubbish of all kinds, and they thus require frequent and difficult maintenance.
  • The object of the present invention is to propose a device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of one or more orifices in the hull of a vessel, in particular at the orifices giving access to the transverse tunnel enclosing the bow thruster/thrusters, in order to reduce the volume of fluid which flows along the hull of the vessel during its normal movement entering or leaving this tunnel in order to greatly reduce or avoid any eddying, drag or turbulence phenomena, which is simple, strong and requires only little or no maintenance. An object of the present invention is the production of such a device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of an orifice or cavity in the hull of a vessel.
  • The object of the present invention is a device for controlling the fluid passing in front of the orifices in the hull of a vessel, in particular those giving access to the transverse tunnel enclosing the bow thruster/thrusters, tending to obviate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned existing devices and permitting the object stated above to be achieved. This device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of an orifice or cavity in the hull of a vessel is characterised by the features listed in claim 1.
  • The attached drawing illustrates—schematically and by way of example—an embodiment of the device in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical partial cross-sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, passing through the axis of the bow thruster tunnel.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view of the hull of the vessel in line with the arrow A of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional detail on a larger scale showing the device.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates on a larger scale a transverse cross-sectional view of the shapes forming a deflector.
    •
  • The attached drawing shows very schematically the hull 1 of a vessel through which a bow tunnel 2 passes in the transverse direction, in which tunnel one or more bow thrusters 3 are mounted. At its ends this bow tunnel 2 has orifices 4 passing through the hull 1 of the vessel and issuing entirely into the water. The cross-section of this bow tunnel 2 is generally circular and its ends can be flared. The bow tunnel 2 is filled with the fluid surrounding the hull 1 of the vessel. When the vessel manoeuvres in order to dock, for example, or in order to leave its position at the quay, the bow thruster 3 is started up, which causes a displacement in the fluid inside the bow tunnel transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, which makes it possible to move this vessel in order to bring it closer to, or move it further away from, the mooring quay.
  • When the vessel is sailing normally the bow thruster is stopped and, if no provision is made otherwise, turbulence is created in the proximity of the openings or orifices 4 of the bow tunnel, turbulence which creates a significant amount of drag. This drag reduces the speed of the vessel and causes excess consumption of fuel in propelling the vessel.
  • The object of the device in accordance with the invention is to control the flow of fluid passing in front of the orifices 4 of the bow tunnel 2 in order to reduce or avoid entry of the fluid into this tunnel 2 and reduce or eliminate any turbulence and drag owing to the flow of the fluid in front of these orifices 4.
  • This device for controlling the flow of the fluid in front of the orifices of the bow tunnel 4 of the hull 1 of a vessel has at least one deflector 5 rigidly fixed to the hull 1 of the vessel upstream of the orifice 4 and extending over a distance greater than or at least equal to the diameter of this orifice 4. This deflector 5 has, in cross-section, a planar inner face 6 disposed facing the hull 1 of the vessel and a convex outer face 7. The thickness of the deflectors increases greatly in the upstream part 8 to then decrease slowly in the direction of the downstream part and to terminate in a strongly tapered manner forming a downstream edge 9.
  • This deflector 5 is rigidly fixed to the hull 1 of the vessel with the aid of supports 10 welded, bolted or fixed in any other manner to the hull 1 of the vessel.
  • The device preferably has two deflectors 5 disposed on either side of the orifice 4 of the bow tunnel 2. In this case the distance L separating the downstream edge 9 of the upstream deflector 5 from the upstream edge of the downstream deflector 5 a is substantially equal to, slightly less or greater than, the diameter of the orifice 4 of the bow tunnel 2.
  • The inner planar surface 6 of the deflectors 5 and 5 a is substantially parallel to the hull 1 of the vessel. In one variation the inner face 6 of the upstream deflector 5 forms a slight angle with the surface of the hull 1 of the vessel so that its downstream edge 9 is further away from this hull than its front edge is. In this case the front edge of the downstream deflector 5 a is closer to the hull 1 of the vessel than the downstream edge 9 of this downstream deflector 5 a is.
  • Thus the passage produced between the upstream deflector 5 and the hull increases in the direction of the orifice 4 and narrows for the downstream deflector 5 a.
  • In the case where the device for controlling the flow of fluid has only one deflector, the downstream deflector 5 a is omitted.
  • If a bow orifice has a diameter of the order of 1 m, the length 1 of the deflector/deflectors 5 would be of the order of 1.1 m, its depth P of the order of 15 to 40 cm and its thickness e of the order of 15 to 30 mm.
  • When the device has two deflectors, one 5 upstream and the other 5 a downstream, the depth P of the upstream deflector is preferably greater than that of the downstream deflector.
  • When the vessel is moving forward in the direction of the arrow B, from a certain speed which is lower than the cruising speed of the vessel, the flow of fluid between the deflector/deflectors 5 and the hull 1 of the vessel is controlled and modified. It becomes uniform and controlled and forms a liquid wall in front of the orifice 4 of the bow tunnel, preventing the fluid from entering it or at least greatly reducing the entrance of fluid into the said orifice. This makes it possible to reduce or eliminate turbulence in the fluid at this location and to reduce the drag of the vessel very substantially.
  • The device of the invention is simple, inexpensive, fixed to the hull of the vessel and requires only a little maintenance while making it possible to avoid drag and turbulence in the fluid owing to the presence of the bow tunnel orifices and thus to reduce the resistance to the forward movement of the vessel.
  • The device described can be used to control the flow of fluid passing in front of any type of orifice or cavity formed in the hull of a vessel.

Claims (7)

1. Device for controlling the flow of fluid passing in front of an orifice or cavity produced in the hull of a vessel, characterised in that it has at least one deflector (5) rigidly fixed to the wall of the vessel upstream of the orifice or cavity; in that this deflector has a planar inner face directed towards the hull of the vessel and a curved outer face which is highly convex upstream and tapered downstream.
2. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it has a second deflector of a similar shape to the first, disposed downstream of the orifice or cavity.
3. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the planar inner face of the deflector is parallel to the hull of the vessel.
4. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the planar inner face of the deflector forms an angle with the hull of the vessel so as to create a space between this face and the hull which narrows or increases in the direction of the orifice or cavity.
5. Device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the distance separating the upstream and downstream deflectors is substantially equal to the diameter of the orifice or cavity.
6. Device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the planar inner face of the deflector is parallel to the hull of the vessel.
7. Device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the planar inner face of the deflector forms an angle with the hull of the vessel so as to create a space between this face and the hull which narrows or increases in the direction of the orifice or cavity.
US12/664,104 2007-06-13 2008-05-15 Device for reducing the entry of fluid into a tunnel Abandoned US20100170427A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00937/07 2007-06-13
CH00937/07A CH702119B1 (en) 2007-06-13 2007-06-13 Control device of a fluid flow in a channel.
PCT/IB2008/001210 WO2008152460A1 (en) 2007-06-13 2008-05-15 Device reducing the penetration of a fluid into a duct

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100170427A1 true US20100170427A1 (en) 2010-07-08

Family

ID=39712239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/664,104 Abandoned US20100170427A1 (en) 2007-06-13 2008-05-15 Device for reducing the entry of fluid into a tunnel

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20100170427A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2155547B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20100020471A (en)
CN (1) CN101715410A (en)
AT (1) ATE499284T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0812472A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2690729A1 (en)
CH (1) CH702119B1 (en)
DE (1) DE602008005139D1 (en)
RU (1) RU2010100909A (en)
WO (1) WO2008152460A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110061584A1 (en) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-17 Robert Kuklinski Water Entry System
JP2015147533A (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-20 三菱重工業株式会社 Thruster of craft
RU2661271C2 (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-07-13 Андрей Витальевич Швецов Moving and steering complex of the ship

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101992846B (en) * 2010-11-11 2013-06-19 南京恒兴达机电设备制造有限公司 Resistance and noise reducing device of side thruster
CN102381439B (en) * 2011-05-30 2014-04-30 湖南科技大学 Capping device of conduit mouth of ship body

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2356301A (en) * 1942-09-18 1944-08-22 Brase George Apparatus for propelling and steering boats
US5098322A (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-03-24 Outboard Marine Corporation Marine propulsion device with self assembling coolant water inlet screens
US5215487A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-06-01 Outboard Marine Corporation Marine propulsion device water inlet screen
US5344345A (en) * 1992-06-03 1994-09-06 Idc Corporation Water vessel propulsion apparatus
US6286447B1 (en) * 1999-08-20 2001-09-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Baffle system for mitigation of thruster wake deficit
US6701862B2 (en) * 1999-11-24 2004-03-09 Terry B. Hilleman Bow mounted system and method for jet-propelling a submarine or torpedo through water

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1182550B (en) * 1962-10-10 1964-11-26 Friedrich Wilhelm Pleuger Device to protect a bow thruster from icing
DE2160616A1 (en) * 1971-12-07 1973-06-14 Walter Banz ADDITIONAL SHIP DRIVE
DE2746853C2 (en) * 1977-10-19 1979-10-25 Jastram-Werke Gmbh Kg, 2050 Hamburg Ship with transverse steering wheel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2356301A (en) * 1942-09-18 1944-08-22 Brase George Apparatus for propelling and steering boats
US5098322A (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-03-24 Outboard Marine Corporation Marine propulsion device with self assembling coolant water inlet screens
US5215487A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-06-01 Outboard Marine Corporation Marine propulsion device water inlet screen
US5344345A (en) * 1992-06-03 1994-09-06 Idc Corporation Water vessel propulsion apparatus
US6286447B1 (en) * 1999-08-20 2001-09-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Baffle system for mitigation of thruster wake deficit
US6701862B2 (en) * 1999-11-24 2004-03-09 Terry B. Hilleman Bow mounted system and method for jet-propelling a submarine or torpedo through water

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110061584A1 (en) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-17 Robert Kuklinski Water Entry System
US8127705B2 (en) * 2009-09-16 2012-03-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Water entry system
JP2015147533A (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-20 三菱重工業株式会社 Thruster of craft
RU2661271C2 (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-07-13 Андрей Витальевич Швецов Moving and steering complex of the ship

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602008005139D1 (en) 2011-04-07
ATE499284T1 (en) 2011-03-15
EP2155547A1 (en) 2010-02-24
CH702119B1 (en) 2011-05-13
EP2155547B1 (en) 2011-02-23
BRPI0812472A2 (en) 2014-12-02
CN101715410A (en) 2010-05-26
CA2690729A1 (en) 2008-12-18
KR20100020471A (en) 2010-02-22
RU2010100909A (en) 2011-07-20
WO2008152460A1 (en) 2008-12-18
WO2008152460A8 (en) 2009-02-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR101348081B1 (en) Air cavity and air lubrication type ship with stern of step shape forming at propeller area
US8584609B2 (en) Tapered tunnel for tunnel thrusters
US20100170427A1 (en) Device for reducing the entry of fluid into a tunnel
US20100323566A1 (en) Kort nozzle
KR101099698B1 (en) Ship having twin skeg hull
KR101733874B1 (en) Air lubrication device with opening/closing slit for ships
JP2008018927A (en) Watercraft propulsion system
KR101464187B1 (en) Fin for mounting on a ship and ship having the fin
KR20190079552A (en) Minimal bow wave system
US10730588B2 (en) Ship hull assembly for reducing water resistance and improving maneuverability
KR20080080070A (en) Ship
KR20140019704A (en) Twin skeg vessel
CN210364333U (en) Jet type drifting boat
KR20140048287A (en) Marine vessel operating in ice-covered waters
Yoo et al. An experimental study on the maneuvering characteristics of a twin propeller/twin rudder ship during berthing and unberthing
JP2023067297A (en) Thrust generation system of sailing body, sailing body, and drag reduction method of sailing body
US7144282B1 (en) Contoured rudder maneuvering of waterjet propelled sea craft
KR20090117486A (en) Vessel propelled by screw propeller
US1157423A (en) Boat.
KR20090123459A (en) Propelling system for boat
KR20070119806A (en) Reducing device of vortex current of thruster
US20230391436A1 (en) Ship construction and propulsion system
JP7169766B2 (en) skeg ship
JP6504802B2 (en) Designing a ship with reduced drag and a method for designing a ship with reduced drag
EP3263438B1 (en) System and method for reducing drag of vessel

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: DRS DRAG REDUCTION SYSTEMS SA, MAURITIUS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BRULHART, YVAN;REEL/FRAME:024167/0828

Effective date: 20091126

Owner name: MAGISING PTE. LTD., SINGAPORE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BRULHART, YVAN;REEL/FRAME:024167/0828

Effective date: 20091126

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION