US20100095445A1 - Anti-splash urinals - Google Patents
Anti-splash urinals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100095445A1 US20100095445A1 US12/455,959 US45595909A US2010095445A1 US 20100095445 A1 US20100095445 A1 US 20100095445A1 US 45595909 A US45595909 A US 45595909A US 2010095445 A1 US2010095445 A1 US 2010095445A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- urine
- back wall
- stream
- angle
- urinal
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D13/00—Urinals ; Means for connecting the urinal to the flushing pipe and the wastepipe; Splashing shields for urinals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to urinals and, in particular, to improvements in such urinals utilizing the Coanda effect, that is, the tendency of a fluid to stay attached to an adjacent surface so as to minimize urine splashing.
- a urinal uses a sloped interior back wall to create an angle between an incoming urine stream and the back wall.
- Such an angled back wall takes advantage of the Coanda effect so as to cause the fluid (urine) to run down the surface of the back wall to the bottom of the urinal, rather than splashing back.
- the Coanda effect is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to an adjacent curved surface that is very well shaped.
- the interior back wall is vertically sloped towards the user, at an angle greater than 20° from the vertical (e.g., 30° to accommodate a 60° urine stream), and the back wall may be further curved from side to side.
- the interior back wall has a undulated top-to-bottom or vertical contour.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a anti-splash urinal whose interior back wall slope is angled from the vertical for enabling a urine stream coming into contact with the interior back wall takes advantage of the Coanda effect by enabling the urine stream to tend to flow and follow along the interior back wall surface;
- FIGS. 1A-1 and 1 A- 2 relate to how anti-splash is related to Contact Angle Hysteresis and the Coanda Effect;
- FIG. 1B illustrates the angular differences of a 30° contact angle between a 60° urine stream and a 30° sloped back wall;
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the urinal depicted in FIG. 1 wherein the interior back wall is curved as viewed along a horizontal plane taken 90° with respect to that of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a top view of a second embodiment of a anti-splash urinal whose back wall slope is both angled and curved from the vertical for likewise enabling a urine stream coming into contact with the interior back wall takes advantage of the Coanda effect by enabling the urine stream to tend to flow and follow along the back wall surface alternate urinal configurations;
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the second embodiment depicted in FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment taken along the line 5 - 5 of FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a detail of the urinal taken along cutaway line 6 of FIG. 5 ;
- FIG. 7 is a rear view of the urinal illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 ;
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the urinal taken along the line 8 - 8 of FIG. 7 ;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective of the urinal illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 and viewed generally from its top;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective of the urinal illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 and viewed generally from a point generally between its top and front;
- FIG. 11 is a perspective of the urinal illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 and viewed generally from a point rotated generally from that as depicted in FIG. 10 .
- a urinal 20 having a vertical rear wall 22 , which rear wall is mounted on a wall of a bath or rest room.
- Urinal 20 includes a top wall 23 which extends outwardly from rear wall 22 . While illustrated in FIG. 1 as sloping downwardly, this is not critical, as top wall 23 can be horizontal.
- Urinal 20 further includes an interior back wall 24 which extends downwardly from top wall 23 and, as it extends downwardly, it extends inwardly at a 30° angle from the vertical.
- Side walls 26 one of which is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1 and fully in FIG.
- FIG. 2 extends from top wall 23 to the front lip, as denoted by indicium 28 , of the urinal.
- the bottom of the urinal, as indicated by indicium 27 is provided with a recess 29 , into which a water-free cartridge 32 is inserted.
- a water-free cartridge is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,973,939. It is to be understood, however, that recess 29 may comprise any known outlet to a drain, not necessitating the use of a water-free cartridge.
- a stream 30 of urine is depicted at a 60° angle as directed into urinal 20 , and the resultant angle between stream 30 and back wall 24 is viewable as a 30° difference.
- the angle at which stream 30 strikes back wall 24 is such as to embrace the coanda effect, specifically, by having the urine stream flow and follow along the surface of back wall 24 .
- rear wall 24 may be curved as it extends from side to side.
- the curvature of interior back wall 24 further enhances a reduction in splashing.
- a urinal 50 comprises a rear wall 52 which generally is sectionalized because it is placed against and secured to a rest room wall, a front wall 54 , a pair of side walls 56 connecting the rear and front walls, and a slanted top or cover wall 58 extending between the rear and front walls and the side walls. Slanted top or cover wall 58 is provided with an opening 60 for gaining access to the interior of the urinal.
- the several rear, side and front walls extend upwardly from a base 62 .
- the Interior of urinal 50 is formed generally as a bowl or basin 64 formed by inner walls 66 of sides walls 56 , an inner wall 68 of front wall 54 having an propagating lip 70 , a back wall 72 , and a bottom 74 terminating the several inner walls.
- An opening or recess 76 is disposed to receive a water-free cartridge 78 , which cartridge is best illustrated in FIGS. 9-11 .
- recess 76 may comprise any known outlet to a drain, not necessitating the use specifically of a water-free cartridge.
- Back wall 72 unlike back wall 24 of FIGS. 1 and 2 , has a slight arcuate shape or undulated shape as best seen in FIG. 5 as it extends from top to bottom, with here shown having a cross-sectional generally S-shaped configuration, having upper portion 72 a curved in one direction, a lower portion 72 b curved in a direction opposite from that of portion 72 a, and a middle portion 72 c connecting portions 72 a and 72 b.
- the S-shaped configuration aids in bringing about the coanda effect.
- the overall angle traversed from the top to the bottom of the back wall 72 is generally 30° ⁇ 10° to create the desired angle between the back wall and incoming stream. as discussed previously with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- the anti-splash phenomenon herein discussed involves the contact angle hysteresis and the coanda effect.
- the contact angle hysteresis deals with the perpendicular angles at which the urine stream comes into contact with the back wall of the urinal bowl, as illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1 and 1 A- 2 .
- FIGS. 1A-1 and 1 A- 2 Depending upon such factors as the height of the person and the angle and force of the incoming stream, there is a greater or lesser possibility of splashing.
- the contact angle hysteresis is the amount of angle degrees between the angle of surface 24 of the bowl 64 (see also, for example, FIG. 5 ) and the angle of the urine stream (here shown as) 60°) at the point of contact.
- 30° arrow 24 a represents the slope of back wall 24 while 60° arrow 30 a represents the slope of incoming urine 30 of FIG. 1 .
- the coanda effect deals with the fact that a stream of urine flowing along a solid surface, which is curved slightly from the stream, will tend to follow the surface. Accordingly, the 60° urine stream minus the 30° bowl surface equals 30° Contact Angle Hysteresis. From testing, this 30° contact angle differential between urinal back wall and the urine stream is the best appearing angle.
Abstract
A urinal uses a sloped interior back wall to create a specific angle between an incoming urine stream and the back wall to effect an anti-splash phenomenon which involves the contact angle hysteresis and the coanda effect, thereby at least to minimize urine splashing. The contact angle hysteresis deals with the perpendicular angles at which the urine stream comes into contact with the back wall of the urinal bowl, that is the amount of angle degrees between the angle of surface of the bowl and the angle of the urine stream at the point of contact. This angle takes advantage of the Coanda effect so as to cause the fluid (urine) to run down the surface of the back wall to the bottom of the urinal, rather than splashing back. The Coanda effect is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to an adjacent curved surface that is very well shaped. In one embodiment, the interior back wall is vertically sloped towards the user, at an angle greater than 20° from the vertical (e.g., 30° to accommodate a 60° urine stream), and the back wall may be further curved from side to side. In an other embodiment, the interior back wall has a undulated top-to-bottom or vertical contour.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/129,164, filed 9 Jun. 2008.
- Not Applicable
- Not Applicable
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to urinals and, in particular, to improvements in such urinals utilizing the Coanda effect, that is, the tendency of a fluid to stay attached to an adjacent surface so as to minimize urine splashing.
- 2. Description of Related Art and Other Considerations
- One of the problems relevant to urinals is the tendency of urine to splash out of the urinal onto the floor or other exterior surfaces or even onto the person using the urinal. There have been many solutions designed to avoid such problems, such as providing side and back wall appurtenances. Another problem is, when a putative solution has been advanced, such a solution sometimes required a urinal design that presented costly difficulties or challenges in manufacture of such urinals.
- These and other problems are successfully addressed and overcome by the present invention. A urinal uses a sloped interior back wall to create an angle between an incoming urine stream and the back wall. Such an angled back wall takes advantage of the Coanda effect so as to cause the fluid (urine) to run down the surface of the back wall to the bottom of the urinal, rather than splashing back. As defined in the Wikipedia encyclopedia, the Coanda effect is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to an adjacent curved surface that is very well shaped. In one embodiment, the interior back wall is vertically sloped towards the user, at an angle greater than 20° from the vertical (e.g., 30° to accommodate a 60° urine stream), and the back wall may be further curved from side to side. In an other embodiment, the interior back wall has a undulated top-to-bottom or vertical contour.
- Several advantages are derived from this arrangement. Splashing from the urinal is at least minimized if not always avoided. Cleanliness exterior to the urinal is enhanced. Soiling of the clothing of users of the urinal and their embarrassment is attenuated, if not averted.
- Other aims and advantages, as well as a more complete understanding of the present invention, will appear from the following explanation of exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings thereof.
-
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a anti-splash urinal whose interior back wall slope is angled from the vertical for enabling a urine stream coming into contact with the interior back wall takes advantage of the Coanda effect by enabling the urine stream to tend to flow and follow along the interior back wall surface; -
FIGS. 1A-1 and 1A-2 relate to how anti-splash is related to Contact Angle Hysteresis and the Coanda Effect;FIG. 1B illustrates the angular differences of a 30° contact angle between a 60° urine stream and a 30° sloped back wall; -
FIG. 2 is a top view of the urinal depicted inFIG. 1 wherein the interior back wall is curved as viewed along a horizontal plane taken 90° with respect to that ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a top view of a second embodiment of a anti-splash urinal whose back wall slope is both angled and curved from the vertical for likewise enabling a urine stream coming into contact with the interior back wall takes advantage of the Coanda effect by enabling the urine stream to tend to flow and follow along the back wall surface alternate urinal configurations; -
FIG. 4 is a front view of the second embodiment depicted inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment taken along the line 5-5 ofFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a detail of the urinal taken alongcutaway line 6 ofFIG. 5 ;FIG. 7 is a rear view of the urinal illustrated inFIGS. 4 and 5 ; -
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the urinal taken along the line 8-8 ofFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective of the urinal illustrated inFIGS. 4 and 5 and viewed generally from its top; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective of the urinal illustrated inFIGS. 4 and 5 and viewed generally from a point generally between its top and front; and -
FIG. 11 is a perspective of the urinal illustrated inFIGS. 4 and 5 and viewed generally from a point rotated generally from that as depicted inFIG. 10 . - Accordingly, as depicted in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , a urinal 20 having a verticalrear wall 22, which rear wall is mounted on a wall of a bath or rest room.Urinal 20 includes atop wall 23 which extends outwardly fromrear wall 22. While illustrated inFIG. 1 as sloping downwardly, this is not critical, astop wall 23 can be horizontal. Urinal 20 further includes aninterior back wall 24 which extends downwardly fromtop wall 23 and, as it extends downwardly, it extends inwardly at a 30° angle from the vertical.Side walls 26, one of which is shown in dashed lines inFIG. 1 and fully inFIG. 2 , extend fromtop wall 23 to the front lip, as denoted byindicium 28, of the urinal. The bottom of the urinal, as indicated byindicium 27, is provided with arecess 29, into which a water-free cartridge 32 is inserted. An example of such a water-free cartridge is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,973,939. It is to be understood, however, that recess 29 may comprise any known outlet to a drain, not necessitating the use of a water-free cartridge. Astream 30 of urine is depicted at a 60° angle as directed into urinal 20, and the resultant angle betweenstream 30 andback wall 24 is viewable as a 30° difference. While a 30° angle of the interior back wall is depicted, this angle may vary plus orminus 10°. However, in order that splashing of urine not occur, according to the precepts herein advanced, the angle at whichstream 30 strikes backwall 24 is such as to embrace the coanda effect, specifically, by having the urine stream flow and follow along the surface ofback wall 24. - As seen in the horizontal cross-section of
FIG. 2 ,rear wall 24 may be curved as it extends from side to side. The curvature ofinterior back wall 24 further enhances a reduction in splashing. - Reference is now made to the second embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in
FIGS. 3-11 . A urinal 50 comprises arear wall 52 which generally is sectionalized because it is placed against and secured to a rest room wall, afront wall 54, a pair ofside walls 56 connecting the rear and front walls, and a slanted top orcover wall 58 extending between the rear and front walls and the side walls. Slanted top orcover wall 58 is provided with an opening 60 for gaining access to the interior of the urinal. The several rear, side and front walls extend upwardly from abase 62. - The Interior of urinal 50 is formed generally as a bowl or
basin 64 formed byinner walls 66 ofsides walls 56, aninner wall 68 offront wall 54 having anpropagating lip 70, aback wall 72, and abottom 74 terminating the several inner walls. An opening orrecess 76 is disposed to receive a water-free cartridge 78, which cartridge is best illustrated inFIGS. 9-11 . Like urinal 20 ofFIGS. 1 and 2 ,recess 76 may comprise any known outlet to a drain, not necessitating the use specifically of a water-free cartridge. -
Back wall 72, unlikeback wall 24 ofFIGS. 1 and 2 , has a slight arcuate shape or undulated shape as best seen inFIG. 5 as it extends from top to bottom, with here shown having a cross-sectional generally S-shaped configuration, havingupper portion 72 a curved in one direction, alower portion 72 b curved in a direction opposite from that ofportion 72 a, and amiddle portion 72c connecting portions back wall 72 is generally 30°±10° to create the desired angle between the back wall and incoming stream. as discussed previously with respect toFIGS. 1 and 2 . - The anti-splash phenomenon herein discussed involves the contact angle hysteresis and the coanda effect. The contact angle hysteresis deals with the perpendicular angles at which the urine stream comes into contact with the back wall of the urinal bowl, as illustrated in
FIGS. 1A-1 and 1A-2. Depending upon such factors as the height of the person and the angle and force of the incoming stream, there is a greater or lesser possibility of splashing. These effects are denoted by the protractor-depicted angles of the streams, namely 90° forstream stream stream stream 30 d and their resulting effects (30 a′, 30 b′, 30 c′, 30 d′) after striking backwall 24. Thus, referring toFIGS. 1 and 1B , the contact angle hysteresis is the amount of angle degrees between the angle ofsurface 24 of the bowl 64 (see also, for example,FIG. 5 ) and the angle of the urine stream (here shown as) 60°) at the point of contact. InFIG. 1A , 30°arrow 24 a represents the slope ofback wall 24 while 60°arrow 30 a represents the slope ofincoming urine 30 ofFIG. 1 . The coanda effect deals with the fact that a stream of urine flowing along a solid surface, which is curved slightly from the stream, will tend to follow the surface. Accordingly, the 60° urine stream minus the 30° bowl surface equals 30° Contact Angle Hysteresis. From testing, this 30° contact angle differential between urinal back wall and the urine stream is the best appearing angle. - Although the invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it should be realized that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. An anti-splash urinal utilizing the Coanda effect comprising a bowl for reception of urine and disposition thereof to a drain, and a back wall angled from the vertical sufficient to permit a stream of the urine to stay attached to and flow along said back wall without undue splashing therefrom.
2. An anti-splash urinal according to claim 1 in which said back wall is curved from side to side from the vertical.
3. An anti-splash urinal according to claim 1 in which said back wall is undulated from its top to bottom.
4. An anti-splash urinal comprising a bowl for reception of urine and disposition thereof to a drain, a back surface angled from the vertical sufficient to permit a stream of the urine to frictionally stay attached to said back wall and to flow therealong in accordance with a skin frictional effect occurring between the urine stream and said surface, thus tending to slow the moving urine, to create a resistance to the flow of the urine, to pull the urine towards said surface and to cause it to stick to said surface.
5. An anti-splash urinal according to claim 4 in which said surface has a curvature with respect to the urine stream is insufficiently sharp as to inhibit splashing of the urine from said surface.
6. An anti-splash urinal according to claim 4 in which said surface has an angle made with the urine stream that is insufficiently sharp as to inhibit splashing of the urine from said surface.
7. An anti-splash urinal according to claim 6 wherein the angle is greater than 20° from the vertical to accommodate a 60° urine stream.
8. An anti-splash urinal according to claim 6 wherein the angle is at least 30° from the vertical to accommodate a 60° urine stream.
9. A method for avoiding splashing in a vertically oriented urinal having a back wall surface in a bowl for reception of urine and disposition thereof to a drain comprising the steps of angling the back surface from the vertical orientation sufficient to permit a stream of the urine to frictionally stay attached to the back wall surface and to flow therealong in accordance with a skin frictional effect occurring between the urine stream and the surface, thus tending to slow the moving urine, to create a resistance to the flow of the urine, to pull the urine towards the surface and to cause it to stick to the surface.
10. A method according to claim 9 further including the step of curving the surface with respect to the urine stream so as to be insufficiently sharp as to inhibit splashing of the urine from the surface.
11. A method according to claim 9 further including the step of angling the surface with respect to the urine stream so as to be insufficiently sharp as to inhibit splashing of the urine from said surface.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein said angling step comprises the step of incorporating an angle to the surface which is greater than 20° from the vertical to accommodate a 60° urine stream.
13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the angle is at least 30° from the vertical to accommodate a 60° urine stream.
Priority Applications (1)
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US12/455,959 US20100095445A1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | Anti-splash urinals |
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US12916408P | 2008-06-09 | 2008-06-09 | |
US12/455,959 US20100095445A1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | Anti-splash urinals |
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US20100095445A1 true US20100095445A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
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US12/455,959 Abandoned US20100095445A1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | Anti-splash urinals |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014070376A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Aeon Delight Co Ltd | Flush toilet for male |
USD739924S1 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2015-09-29 | Zurn Industries, Llc | Urinal |
CN106120970A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2016-11-16 | 李峰 | A kind of integrated shower nozzle of full-automatic handwashing facilities |
US9650778B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2017-05-16 | Zurn Industries, Llc | Urinal with splash guard |
US10182688B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2019-01-22 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Splash-reducing and velocity-increasing cartridge exit |
US10184235B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2019-01-22 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Directional fluid inlet |
US10197430B2 (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2019-02-05 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Visual indicator |
US10273675B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2019-04-30 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Hybrid trap with water injection |
US20220243446A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | Richard M. DAVIES | Anti-splash urinals |
USD1022161S1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2024-04-09 | Richard M. DAVIES | Urinal |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US478648A (en) * | 1892-07-12 | Urinal | ||
US4612676A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-09-23 | Whitman Victoria E | Urinal attachment for toilet |
US5027448A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-07-02 | Wilkins Bruce F | Men's anti-splashback hygienic urinal |
US6470504B1 (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2002-10-29 | Rith Neuo | Splash preventing urinal |
-
2009
- 2009-06-09 US US12/455,959 patent/US20100095445A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US478648A (en) * | 1892-07-12 | Urinal | ||
US4612676A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-09-23 | Whitman Victoria E | Urinal attachment for toilet |
US5027448A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-07-02 | Wilkins Bruce F | Men's anti-splashback hygienic urinal |
US6470504B1 (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2002-10-29 | Rith Neuo | Splash preventing urinal |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014070376A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Aeon Delight Co Ltd | Flush toilet for male |
US10273675B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2019-04-30 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Hybrid trap with water injection |
US10975560B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2021-04-13 | Falcon Water Technologies, LLC | Hybrid trap with water injection |
US10182688B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2019-01-22 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Splash-reducing and velocity-increasing cartridge exit |
US10184235B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2019-01-22 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Directional fluid inlet |
USD739924S1 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2015-09-29 | Zurn Industries, Llc | Urinal |
US9650778B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2017-05-16 | Zurn Industries, Llc | Urinal with splash guard |
US10197430B2 (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2019-02-05 | Falcon Waterfree Technologies, Llc | Visual indicator |
CN106120970A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2016-11-16 | 李峰 | A kind of integrated shower nozzle of full-automatic handwashing facilities |
US20220243446A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | Richard M. DAVIES | Anti-splash urinals |
USD1022161S1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2024-04-09 | Richard M. DAVIES | Urinal |
USD1022162S1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2024-04-09 | Richard M. DAVIES | Urinal |
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Owner name: OPUS BANK, CALIFORNIA Free format text: PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FALCON WATERFREE TECHNOLOGIES, LLC,;REEL/FRAME:033793/0072 Effective date: 20140829 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |