US20100018770A1 - System and Method for Drilling a Borehole - Google Patents
System and Method for Drilling a Borehole Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100018770A1 US20100018770A1 US12/179,617 US17961708A US2010018770A1 US 20100018770 A1 US20100018770 A1 US 20100018770A1 US 17961708 A US17961708 A US 17961708A US 2010018770 A1 US2010018770 A1 US 2010018770A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bottom hole
- hole assembly
- orienter
- recited
- coiled tubing
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
- E21B47/0025—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection generating an image of the borehole wall using down-hole measurements, e.g. acoustic or electric
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/043—Directional drilling for underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/068—Deflecting the direction of boreholes drilled by a down-hole drilling motor
Definitions
- boreholes are drilled to subterranean reservoirs, and those boreholes can be used for producing desired fluids, such as hydrocarbon based fluids.
- the boreholes also can be used for treatment applications and a variety of other well related applications.
- directional drilling systems are used to enable an operator to change the direction of drilling to better access a reservoir or other subterranean region.
- a variety of systems and techniques are used to facilitate directional drilling. For example, coiled tubing drilling systems have been used to provide the flexibility needed to drill deviated wellbores. Additionally, a variety of systems and devices, including steerable motors, articulated subs, push-the-bit systems, and other systems or devices have been used to facilitate steering of the drilling operation. However, the available systems and techniques have proven to be limited in certain applications. For example, such systems are not able to sufficiently operate in short radius drilling trajectories in environments having high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids.
- a coiled tubing bottom hole assembly is constructed with a sensor system that provides the ability to geologically steer a borehole within a reservoir.
- An orienter is connected to a top end of the bottom hole assembly to provide rotational movement of the bottom hole assembly.
- the orienter can be designed to provide continuous and bidirectional rotational movement of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly.
- a telemetry system is able to provide high data rate telemetry between the orienter and a surface location as well as communication between the bottom hole assembly and the orienter.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevation view of a coiled tubing drilling system positioned in a borehole, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an illustration of one example of an orientation system coupled to a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is an illustration of an example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is an illustration of another example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an illustration of another example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an illustration of another example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention generally relates to a system and method for drilling a variety of boreholes and subterranean reservoirs.
- the system utilizes a bottom hole assembly deployed on coiled tubing and constructed to execute a variety of drilling trajectories in many types of environments.
- the design of the system enables execution of short radius drilling trajectories with high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids while simultaneously providing the capability for precise geological steering within reservoirs.
- the precise geological steering is facilitated by a sensor system that enables scanning of the borehole along with, for example, acquisition and interpretation of azimuthal measurements and images in real time.
- the unique functionality is provided in part by the combination of an orienter tool and a bottom hole assembly along with communications systems that provide high-bandwidth telemetry for steering and azimuthal measurements and images.
- the measurements and images may be obtained, at least in part, with a logging while drilling system incorporated into the bottom hole assembly.
- the coiled tubing drilling system may be constructed in different configurations with various components depending on the specific drilling applications.
- the orienter is connected to a top end, i.e. uphole end, of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly to provide full rotational capability with respect to the bottom hole assembly.
- the system further comprises a wireline to power the orienter and to carry data to and/or from the bottom hole assembly.
- the rotational capability of the complete bottom hole assembly combined with a sensor system having directional, azimuthal, and/or imaging sensors provides the ability to geologically steer the borehole within a reservoir.
- the rotational capability of the complete bottom hole assembly and the position of the orienter on top of the bottom hole assembly greatly reduces the chance of the bottom hole assembly becoming stuck in the borehole.
- the rotational capability can be continuous and bidirectional. Thus, even if the bottom hole assembly becomes temporarily stuck, the rotational capability and the configuration of the drilling system provide an enhanced ability to free the stuck assembly.
- a wireline is used to provide power to the orienter and to provide data transfer to the bottom hole assembly during a drilling operation.
- power can be provided in the bottom hole assembly by batteries, such as batteries disposed in measurement while drilling and/or logging while drilling systems.
- the design also enables high data rate telemetry from the bottom hole assembly to the orienter and through the wireline to a surface location.
- a wireless telemetry system can be deployed between the orienter and the bottom hole assembly to provide full signal transfer capability while also providing a fully rotational bottom hole assembly capable of continuous and bidirectional operation.
- the unique structure and design of the system facilitates many types of drilling operations in a wider variety of environments.
- the system can be operated in short radius, ultra-slim hole sizes in many types of fluid conditions, including under-balanced conditions having two-phase flow with high gas fractions.
- a well drilling system 20 is illustrated as being operated to drill a borehole 22 for use in a well 24 .
- the illustrated well drilling system 20 is a coiled tubing drilling system that forms part of an overall coiled tubing drilling installation 26 .
- the coiled tubing drilling installation 26 may have a variety of components and systems, but the example illustrated generally comprises a coiled tubing rig and injector installation 28 positioned at a surface 30 proximate the top of well 24 .
- the drilling system 20 generally comprises coiled tubing 32 connected to a coiled tubing bottom hole assembly 34 through an orienter 36 .
- orienter 36 is connected to bottom hole assembly 34 at an uphole or top end 38 of the bottom hole assembly.
- the bottom hole assembly 34 may comprise a variety of components but generally includes a drill bit 40 driven to form the borehole 22 .
- Drill bit 40 may be rotated by a motor 42 , e.g. a mud motor, or by another suitable driving device.
- motor/device 42 is a steerable device, such as a steerable mud motor, that may be directionally controlled to drill borehole 22 along a variety of desired trajectories through a reservoir 44 .
- Coiled tubing bottom hole assembly 34 also may comprise a variety of other components depending on the specific application environment.
- the bottom hole assembly may have a variety of sensors and signal transmission systems to provide an operator with real-time data and/or other data helpful in both drilling borehole 22 and in steering the bottom hole assembly.
- bottom hole assembly 34 may comprise measurement while drilling systems and/or logging while drilling systems.
- wireline 46 may be deployed along coiled tubing 32 .
- wireline 46 may be deployed through an interior 48 of coiled tubing 32 .
- the coiled tubing 32 and wireline 46 are connected to orienter 36 via a coiled tubing wireline head 50 .
- wireline 46 may comprise a single or multi-conductor cable to provide power to orienter 36 while also providing high data rate telemetry between the surface and coiled tubing bottom hole assembly 34 .
- the orienter 36 comprises an outer housing or body 52 enclosing a motor 54 powered via wireline 46 .
- the motor 54 is connected to a gearbox 56 which, in turn, is connected to bottom hole assembly 34 via a shaft 58 and an adapter sub 60 to rotate the bottom hole assembly.
- the motor 54 and gearbox 56 can be selectively actuated within stationary housing 52 to selectively rotate bottom hole assembly 34 in a continuous and bidirectional manner, i.e. a clockwise or a counterclockwise manner.
- the orienter 36 also comprises electronics 62 to enable control over motor 54 and for outputting control signals and/or for receiving data from a sensor system 64 and/or other sensor systems.
- Sensor system 64 is able to provide various data to a surface location via wireline 46 .
- sensor system 64 may comprise pressure sensors, such as an internal pressure sensor 66 and an annular pressure sensor 68 .
- the electronics 62 also can be used to receive and transmit signals with respect to a communication system 70 over which data is communicated between bottom hole assembly 34 and orienter 36 .
- communication system 70 comprises a wireless communication system able to transfer data between bottom hole assembly 34 and orienter 36 at a high data rate.
- wireless communication system 70 may comprise a “short-hop” system having a stationary communication component 72 and a rotating communication component 74 .
- the stationary communication component 72 is mounted in orienter 36
- the rotating communication component 74 is mounted in bottom hole assembly 34 .
- the use of rotating component 74 and stationary component 72 enables the transfer of data between the bottom hole assembly 34 and the orienter 36 during operation of the orienter and rotation of the bottom hole assembly.
- the communication system 70 enables high data rate, bidirectional transfer of information between the orienter 36 and a variety of systems in the bottom hole assembly 34 , including measurement while drilling systems and/or a logging while drilling systems.
- Data received from the bottom hole assembly is transferred from stationary component 72 to electronics 62 and on to a surface location, or other suitable location, via wireline 46 .
- the transfer of data can be conducted on a real time basis.
- coiled tubing bottom hole assembly 34 comprises a measurement while drilling system 76 connected to orienter 36 .
- measurement while drilling system 76 is connected to motor 42 which is in the form of a steerable mud motor able to rotate drill bit 40 , as indicated by arrow 78 .
- the steerable mud motor 42 is designed to steer drill bit 40 to enable steering of a borehole along desired trajectories during a drilling operation.
- the measurement while drilling system 76 obtains data that enables the bit direction and drilling direction to be controlled via steerable motor 42 .
- measurement while drilling system 76 may be battery powered.
- Measurement while drilling system 76 comprises an outer housing 80 that encloses and/or supports a directional formation evaluation measurement system 82 .
- the measurement system 82 may comprise a variety of sensors, including direction and inclination sensors 84 .
- the measurement system 82 also may comprise other sensors, such as a gamma ray sensor 86 that can be eccentrically mounted and/or shielded and positioned to generate azimuthal measurements and images of the borehole.
- the orienter 36 is operable to selectively rotate measurement while drilling system 76 and the entire bottom hole assembly 34 in either a clockwise or a counterclockwise direction, as indicated by arrows 88 .
- the data acquired by measurement system 82 can be used to generate an image covering 360° of the borehole.
- the data acquired is transmitted to the surface via the short-hop, wireless communication system 70 and wireline 46 for real time evaluation to enable precise control over the drilling via mud motor 42 and drill bit 40 .
- the ability to acquire and transmit data combined with the arrangement and cooperation of the orienter 36 and bottom hole assembly 34 enable operation of the drilling system to create a variety of borehole trajectories in a variety of environments.
- the unique construction and data acquisition abilities enable operation of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly 34 in a manner that executes short radius drilling trajectories with high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids while maintaining the ability for precise geological steering within the reservoir by scanning the borehole and acquiring and interpreting azimuthal measurements and images in real time via measurement system 82 .
- a logging while drilling system 90 is combined with measurement while drilling system 76 .
- logging while drilling system 90 may be mounted between motor 42 , e.g. a steerable mud motor, and measurement while drilling system 76 .
- both measurement while drilling system 76 and logging while drilling system 90 may be battery powered and contain a variety of sensors, including direction and inclination sensors and a gamma ray sensor that may be eccentrically mounted and/or shielded in a position to generate azimuthal measurements and images of the borehole.
- the logging while drilling system 90 comprises a sensor system 92 having desired sensors, including directional sensors 94 specifically designed to enable generation of azimuthal measurements and images of the borehole.
- directional sensors 94 may comprise resistivity sensors constructed with tilted coils or other non-axisymmetric directional sensors.
- sensor system 92 also may comprise a variety of additional sensors, including annular pressure sensors and other sensors as desired for obtaining information on various drilling application related parameters.
- the illustrated embodiment also enables operation of the logging while drilling system 90 and/or measurement while drilling system 76 while orienter 36 rotates bottom hole assembly 34 in a continuous mode.
- the rotation of bottom hole assembly 34 enables acquisition of data that can be used to generate any image or images covering 360° of the borehole.
- the acquired data can be transferred at a high rate and in real time to orienter 36 via wireless communication system 70 and on to a desired location via wireline 46 .
- the continuous rotational capability of the bottom hole assembly 34 enables the precise drilling of desired trajectories, including straight trajectories, while maintaining precise well placement in the reservoir 44 via rotational images and geosteering measurements obtained from sensor system 92 and/or measurement system 82 .
- the drilling system 20 further comprises a device 96 to induce or facilitate axial movement of the orienter 36 and bottom hole assembly 34 .
- axial device 96 may comprise a tractor 98 , such as a reciprocating tractor, or another type of axial device, such as a thruster or crawler. Use of a reciprocating tractor alternately pulls coiled tubing 32 and pushes the combined orienter 36 and bottom hole assembly 34 .
- the axial device 96 effectively extends the reach capability of the drilling system by providing added force to overcome friction and to reduce the potential for helical lockup in the coiled tubing due to the resistance incurred during creation of the borehole.
- the drilling system 20 incorporates a different type of axial device 96 .
- the axial device 96 provides a continuous axial force through a continuous type tractor or crawler 100 .
- the continuous type tractor or crawler 100 imparts continuous force against orienter 36 which facilitates movement of bottom hole assembly 34 during drilling of the borehole along a desired trajectory.
- the continuous axial force device 100 extends the reach capability of the drilling system by overcoming friction and by reducing the potential for helical lockup in the coiled tubing.
- the sensor systems in the measurement while drilling system 76 and/or the logging while drilling system 90 are used in combination with the orienter 36 to selectively rotate the complete bottom hole assembly 34 in a manner that facilitates the drilling of boreholes along a variety of trajectories in many types of environments.
- the use of wireless communication system 70 provides the system with telemetry between the bottom hole assembly and the orienter to enable high rate, real time transfer of data to a surface control system or other control system.
- the combination of wireless communication system 70 and wireline 46 provides the overall system with high-bandwidth telemetry that facilitates both data accumulation and steering of the drilling system 20 .
- the ability to rotate the bottom hole assembly 34 in either direction on a continuous basis also dramatically improves the ability to geologically steer a borehole along a desired trajectory within a reservoir.
- incorporation of the axial device 96 can further facilitate movement of the bottom hole assembly to precisely create boreholes with desired trajectories.
- Drilling system 20 can be constructed in a variety of configurations for use in many environments and applications. Depending on the specific environment and type of drilling operation, the overall system may comprise a variety of alternate or additional components. Furthermore, the various sensor systems can be adjusted to sense desired parameters appropriate for a given application. In some applications, for example, a variety of other or additional sensors may be incorporated into the measurement while drilling system and/or logging while drilling system. Examples of such sensors include annular pressure sensors, internal pressure sensors, tension sensors, compression sensors, additional inclination sensors, or other parameter sensors.
Abstract
A technique facilitates drilling in a wide variety of applications and environments. The technique utilizes a coiled tubing bottom hole assembly constructed with a sensor system that provides the ability to steer a borehole within a reservoir. An orienter is connected to a top end of the bottom hole assembly to provide rotational movement of the bottom hole assembly. The orienter can be designed to provide continuous and bidirectional rotational movement of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly. A telemetry system is provided to enable high data rate telemetry between the orienter and a surface location as well as communication between the bottom hole assembly and the orienter.
Description
- In preparing wells, boreholes are drilled to subterranean reservoirs, and those boreholes can be used for producing desired fluids, such as hydrocarbon based fluids. The boreholes also can be used for treatment applications and a variety of other well related applications. In many environments, directional drilling systems are used to enable an operator to change the direction of drilling to better access a reservoir or other subterranean region.
- A variety of systems and techniques are used to facilitate directional drilling. For example, coiled tubing drilling systems have been used to provide the flexibility needed to drill deviated wellbores. Additionally, a variety of systems and devices, including steerable motors, articulated subs, push-the-bit systems, and other systems or devices have been used to facilitate steering of the drilling operation. However, the available systems and techniques have proven to be limited in certain applications. For example, such systems are not able to sufficiently operate in short radius drilling trajectories in environments having high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids.
- In general, the present invention provides a system and method for drilling in a wide variety of applications and environments. A coiled tubing bottom hole assembly is constructed with a sensor system that provides the ability to geologically steer a borehole within a reservoir. An orienter is connected to a top end of the bottom hole assembly to provide rotational movement of the bottom hole assembly. For example, the orienter can be designed to provide continuous and bidirectional rotational movement of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly. Additionally, a telemetry system is able to provide high data rate telemetry between the orienter and a surface location as well as communication between the bottom hole assembly and the orienter.
- Certain embodiments of the invention will hereafter be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements, and:
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FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevation view of a coiled tubing drilling system positioned in a borehole, according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is an illustration of one example of an orientation system coupled to a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is an illustration of an example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is an illustration of another example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is an illustration of another example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 6 is an illustration of another example of a bottom hole assembly for drilling a borehole, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention. - In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present invention. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments may be possible.
- The present invention generally relates to a system and method for drilling a variety of boreholes and subterranean reservoirs. The system utilizes a bottom hole assembly deployed on coiled tubing and constructed to execute a variety of drilling trajectories in many types of environments. For example, the design of the system enables execution of short radius drilling trajectories with high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids while simultaneously providing the capability for precise geological steering within reservoirs. The precise geological steering is facilitated by a sensor system that enables scanning of the borehole along with, for example, acquisition and interpretation of azimuthal measurements and images in real time. The unique functionality is provided in part by the combination of an orienter tool and a bottom hole assembly along with communications systems that provide high-bandwidth telemetry for steering and azimuthal measurements and images. By way of example, the measurements and images may be obtained, at least in part, with a logging while drilling system incorporated into the bottom hole assembly.
- The coiled tubing drilling system may be constructed in different configurations with various components depending on the specific drilling applications. According to one embodiment, the orienter is connected to a top end, i.e. uphole end, of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly to provide full rotational capability with respect to the bottom hole assembly. The system further comprises a wireline to power the orienter and to carry data to and/or from the bottom hole assembly. The rotational capability of the complete bottom hole assembly combined with a sensor system having directional, azimuthal, and/or imaging sensors provides the ability to geologically steer the borehole within a reservoir. Additionally, the rotational capability of the complete bottom hole assembly and the position of the orienter on top of the bottom hole assembly greatly reduces the chance of the bottom hole assembly becoming stuck in the borehole. Furthermore, the rotational capability can be continuous and bidirectional. Thus, even if the bottom hole assembly becomes temporarily stuck, the rotational capability and the configuration of the drilling system provide an enhanced ability to free the stuck assembly.
- As described in greater detail below, the structure and configuration of the orienter with respect to the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly enable substantially improved communication. In one embodiment, a wireline is used to provide power to the orienter and to provide data transfer to the bottom hole assembly during a drilling operation. In some embodiments, power can be provided in the bottom hole assembly by batteries, such as batteries disposed in measurement while drilling and/or logging while drilling systems. The design also enables high data rate telemetry from the bottom hole assembly to the orienter and through the wireline to a surface location. To facilitate transfer of signals during operation, a wireless telemetry system can be deployed between the orienter and the bottom hole assembly to provide full signal transfer capability while also providing a fully rotational bottom hole assembly capable of continuous and bidirectional operation. The unique structure and design of the system facilitates many types of drilling operations in a wider variety of environments. In one application, for example, the system can be operated in short radius, ultra-slim hole sizes in many types of fluid conditions, including under-balanced conditions having two-phase flow with high gas fractions.
- Referring generally to
FIG. 1 , one embodiment of a welldrilling system 20 is illustrated as being operated to drill aborehole 22 for use in awell 24. The illustratedwell drilling system 20 is a coiled tubing drilling system that forms part of an overall coiledtubing drilling installation 26. The coiledtubing drilling installation 26 may have a variety of components and systems, but the example illustrated generally comprises a coiled tubing rig andinjector installation 28 positioned at asurface 30 proximate the top of well 24. - The
drilling system 20 generally comprisescoiled tubing 32 connected to a coiled tubingbottom hole assembly 34 through an orienter 36. As illustrated,orienter 36 is connected tobottom hole assembly 34 at an uphole ortop end 38 of the bottom hole assembly. Furthermore, thebottom hole assembly 34 may comprise a variety of components but generally includes adrill bit 40 driven to form theborehole 22.Drill bit 40 may be rotated by amotor 42, e.g. a mud motor, or by another suitable driving device. In this embodiment, motor/device 42 is a steerable device, such as a steerable mud motor, that may be directionally controlled to drillborehole 22 along a variety of desired trajectories through areservoir 44. - Coiled tubing
bottom hole assembly 34 also may comprise a variety of other components depending on the specific application environment. As discussed in greater detail below, the bottom hole assembly may have a variety of sensors and signal transmission systems to provide an operator with real-time data and/or other data helpful in bothdrilling borehole 22 and in steering the bottom hole assembly. By way of example,bottom hole assembly 34 may comprise measurement while drilling systems and/or logging while drilling systems. - Referring generally to
FIG. 2 , one example ofbottom hole assembly 34 connected to orienter 36 is illustrated. The orienter receives electrical power via awireline 46 deployed alongcoiled tubing 32. For example,wireline 46 may be deployed through aninterior 48 ofcoiled tubing 32. The coiledtubing 32 andwireline 46 are connected to orienter 36 via a coiledtubing wireline head 50. In this embodiment,wireline 46 may comprise a single or multi-conductor cable to provide power to orienter 36 while also providing high data rate telemetry between the surface and coiled tubingbottom hole assembly 34. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 2 , theorienter 36 comprises an outer housing orbody 52 enclosing amotor 54 powered viawireline 46. Themotor 54 is connected to agearbox 56 which, in turn, is connected tobottom hole assembly 34 via ashaft 58 and anadapter sub 60 to rotate the bottom hole assembly. Themotor 54 andgearbox 56 can be selectively actuated withinstationary housing 52 to selectively rotatebottom hole assembly 34 in a continuous and bidirectional manner, i.e. a clockwise or a counterclockwise manner. Theorienter 36 also compriseselectronics 62 to enable control overmotor 54 and for outputting control signals and/or for receiving data from asensor system 64 and/or other sensor systems.Sensor system 64 is able to provide various data to a surface location viawireline 46. By way of example,sensor system 64 may comprise pressure sensors, such as aninternal pressure sensor 66 and an annular pressure sensor 68. - The
electronics 62 also can be used to receive and transmit signals with respect to acommunication system 70 over which data is communicated betweenbottom hole assembly 34 andorienter 36. In the example illustrated,communication system 70 comprises a wireless communication system able to transfer data betweenbottom hole assembly 34 andorienter 36 at a high data rate. By way of further example,wireless communication system 70 may comprise a “short-hop” system having astationary communication component 72 and arotating communication component 74. In the example illustrated, thestationary communication component 72 is mounted inorienter 36, and therotating communication component 74 is mounted inbottom hole assembly 34. The use of rotatingcomponent 74 andstationary component 72 enables the transfer of data between thebottom hole assembly 34 and theorienter 36 during operation of the orienter and rotation of the bottom hole assembly. Depending on the design of the overall drilling system, thecommunication system 70 enables high data rate, bidirectional transfer of information between the orienter 36 and a variety of systems in thebottom hole assembly 34, including measurement while drilling systems and/or a logging while drilling systems. Data received from the bottom hole assembly is transferred fromstationary component 72 toelectronics 62 and on to a surface location, or other suitable location, viawireline 46. Furthermore, the transfer of data can be conducted on a real time basis. - Another embodiment of
drilling system 20 is illustrated inFIG. 3 . In this embodiment, coiled tubingbottom hole assembly 34 comprises a measurement whiledrilling system 76 connected toorienter 36. At an opposite end, measurement whiledrilling system 76 is connected tomotor 42 which is in the form of a steerable mud motor able to rotatedrill bit 40, as indicated byarrow 78. Thesteerable mud motor 42 is designed to steerdrill bit 40 to enable steering of a borehole along desired trajectories during a drilling operation. The measurement whiledrilling system 76 obtains data that enables the bit direction and drilling direction to be controlled viasteerable motor 42. By way of example, measurement whiledrilling system 76 may be battery powered. - Measurement while drilling
system 76 comprises anouter housing 80 that encloses and/or supports a directional formationevaluation measurement system 82. Themeasurement system 82 may comprise a variety of sensors, including direction andinclination sensors 84. Themeasurement system 82 also may comprise other sensors, such as agamma ray sensor 86 that can be eccentrically mounted and/or shielded and positioned to generate azimuthal measurements and images of the borehole. - The
orienter 36 is operable to selectively rotate measurement whiledrilling system 76 and the entirebottom hole assembly 34 in either a clockwise or a counterclockwise direction, as indicated byarrows 88. When theorienter 36 is used to rotate thebottom hole assembly 34 in a continuous mode, the data acquired bymeasurement system 82 can be used to generate an image covering 360° of the borehole. The data acquired is transmitted to the surface via the short-hop,wireless communication system 70 andwireline 46 for real time evaluation to enable precise control over the drilling viamud motor 42 anddrill bit 40. The ability to acquire and transmit data combined with the arrangement and cooperation of theorienter 36 andbottom hole assembly 34 enable operation of the drilling system to create a variety of borehole trajectories in a variety of environments. For example, the unique construction and data acquisition abilities enable operation of the coiled tubingbottom hole assembly 34 in a manner that executes short radius drilling trajectories with high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids while maintaining the ability for precise geological steering within the reservoir by scanning the borehole and acquiring and interpreting azimuthal measurements and images in real time viameasurement system 82. - Another embodiment of
drilling system 20 is illustrated inFIG. 4 . In this embodiment, a logging while drillingsystem 90 is combined with measurement whiledrilling system 76. For example, logging while drillingsystem 90 may be mounted betweenmotor 42, e.g. a steerable mud motor, and measurement whiledrilling system 76. By way of example, both measurement whiledrilling system 76 and logging while drillingsystem 90 may be battery powered and contain a variety of sensors, including direction and inclination sensors and a gamma ray sensor that may be eccentrically mounted and/or shielded in a position to generate azimuthal measurements and images of the borehole. - In one embodiment, the logging while drilling
system 90 comprises asensor system 92 having desired sensors, includingdirectional sensors 94 specifically designed to enable generation of azimuthal measurements and images of the borehole. By way of example,directional sensors 94 may comprise resistivity sensors constructed with tilted coils or other non-axisymmetric directional sensors. However,sensor system 92 also may comprise a variety of additional sensors, including annular pressure sensors and other sensors as desired for obtaining information on various drilling application related parameters. - The illustrated embodiment also enables operation of the logging while drilling
system 90 and/or measurement whiledrilling system 76 whileorienter 36 rotatesbottom hole assembly 34 in a continuous mode. The rotation ofbottom hole assembly 34 enables acquisition of data that can be used to generate any image or images covering 360° of the borehole. The acquired data can be transferred at a high rate and in real time to orienter 36 viawireless communication system 70 and on to a desired location viawireline 46. The continuous rotational capability of thebottom hole assembly 34 enables the precise drilling of desired trajectories, including straight trajectories, while maintaining precise well placement in thereservoir 44 via rotational images and geosteering measurements obtained fromsensor system 92 and/ormeasurement system 82. - In another embodiment illustrated in
FIG. 5 , thedrilling system 20 further comprises adevice 96 to induce or facilitate axial movement of theorienter 36 andbottom hole assembly 34. By way of example,axial device 96 may comprise atractor 98, such as a reciprocating tractor, or another type of axial device, such as a thruster or crawler. Use of a reciprocating tractor alternately pulls coiledtubing 32 and pushes the combinedorienter 36 andbottom hole assembly 34. Theaxial device 96 effectively extends the reach capability of the drilling system by providing added force to overcome friction and to reduce the potential for helical lockup in the coiled tubing due to the resistance incurred during creation of the borehole. - Referring generally to
FIG. 6 , another alternate embodiment is illustrated in which thedrilling system 20 incorporates a different type ofaxial device 96. In this embodiment, theaxial device 96 provides a continuous axial force through a continuous type tractor orcrawler 100. The continuous type tractor orcrawler 100 imparts continuous force againstorienter 36 which facilitates movement ofbottom hole assembly 34 during drilling of the borehole along a desired trajectory. As with the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5 , the continuousaxial force device 100 extends the reach capability of the drilling system by overcoming friction and by reducing the potential for helical lockup in the coiled tubing. - In operation, the sensor systems in the measurement while
drilling system 76 and/or the logging while drillingsystem 90 are used in combination with theorienter 36 to selectively rotate the completebottom hole assembly 34 in a manner that facilitates the drilling of boreholes along a variety of trajectories in many types of environments. Additionally, the use ofwireless communication system 70 provides the system with telemetry between the bottom hole assembly and the orienter to enable high rate, real time transfer of data to a surface control system or other control system. The combination ofwireless communication system 70 andwireline 46 provides the overall system with high-bandwidth telemetry that facilitates both data accumulation and steering of thedrilling system 20. The ability to rotate thebottom hole assembly 34 in either direction on a continuous basis also dramatically improves the ability to geologically steer a borehole along a desired trajectory within a reservoir. Depending on the environment, incorporation of theaxial device 96 can further facilitate movement of the bottom hole assembly to precisely create boreholes with desired trajectories. -
Drilling system 20 can be constructed in a variety of configurations for use in many environments and applications. Depending on the specific environment and type of drilling operation, the overall system may comprise a variety of alternate or additional components. Furthermore, the various sensor systems can be adjusted to sense desired parameters appropriate for a given application. In some applications, for example, a variety of other or additional sensors may be incorporated into the measurement while drilling system and/or logging while drilling system. Examples of such sensors include annular pressure sensors, internal pressure sensors, tension sensors, compression sensors, additional inclination sensors, or other parameter sensors. - Accordingly, although only a few embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the teachings of this invention. Such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (25)
1. A system for drilling a borehole, comprising:
a bottom hole assembly having a directional drill bit, a motor to drive the drill bit, and a measurement while drilling system;
an orienter coupled to the bottom hole assembly and located above the bottom hole assembly, the orienter providing full rotational capability for the bottom hole assembly in clockwise and counterclockwise directions;
a coiled tubing coupled to the orienter with a coiled tubing wireline head; and
a wireline to deliver power to the orienter, the wireline further providing high data rate telemetry between the bottom hole assembly and a surface location.
2. The system as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a wireless telemetry system to communicate signals between the bottom hole assembly and the orienter.
3. The system as recited in claim 2 , wherein the wireless telemetry system comprises a rotating communication component on the bottom hole assembly and a stationary communication component on the orienter.
4. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the bottom hole assembly further comprises a logging while drilling system.
5. The system as recited in claim 4 , wherein the logging while drilling system comprises an imaging sensor to enable geological steering of the borehole within a reservoir.
6. The system as recited in claim 4 , wherein the logging while drilling system comprises an azimuthal sensor to enable geological steering of the borehole within a reservoir.
7. The system as recited in claim 4 , wherein the logging while drilling system comprises a directional sensor to enable geological steering of the borehole within a reservoir.
8. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the measurement while drilling system comprises direction and inclination sensors.
9. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the orienter comprises a motor coupled to a gearbox, the motor receiving power through the wireline.
10. The system as recited in claim 9 , wherein the orienter further comprises an internal pressure sensor and an annular pressure sensor.
11. The system as recited in claim 1 , further comprising an axial device to facilitate axial movement of the bottom hole assembly.
12. The system as recited in claim 11 , wherein the axial device comprises a tractor.
13. A method, comprising:
constructing a coiled tubing bottom hole assembly with sensors to enable precise geological steering during drilling of a borehole;
connecting an orienter to the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly at a top end of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly;
providing a high-bandwidth telemetry between the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly and the orienter; and
employing a wireline to provide high data rate telemetry and to deliver power to the orienter.
14. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein constructing comprises constructing the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly with sensors able to scan the borehole.
15. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein constructing comprises constructing the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly with a sensor system able to acquire and interpret azimuthal measurements and images in real time.
16. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein constructing comprises constructing the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly with a measurement while drilling system.
17. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein constructing comprises constructing the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly with a logging while drilling system.
18. The method as recited in claim 13 , further comprising operating the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly to drill a borehole.
19. The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein operating comprises steering the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly through a short radius drill trajectory.
20. The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein operating comprises utilizing the precise geological steering while operating in high gas fraction, two-phase drilling fluids.
21. A system, comprising:
a coiled tubing bottom hole assembly having a sensor system that provides the ability to geologically steer a borehole within a reservoir;
an orienter positioned above and connected to a top end of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly, the orienter able to provide continuous and bidirectional rotational movement of the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly; and
a telemetry system able to provide high data rate telemetry between the coiled tubing bottom hole assembly and the orienter during operation.
22. The system as recited in claim 21 , further comprising a wireline coupled to the orienter to provide high data rate telemetry between the orienter and the surface while providing power to the orienter.
23. The system as recited in claim 21 , wherein the telemetry system is a wireless telemetry system.
24. The system as recited in claim 21 , wherein the sensor system is embodied at least in part in a measurement while drilling system.
25. The system as recited in claim 21 , wherein the sensor system is embodied at least in part in a logging while drilling system.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/179,617 US20100018770A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | System and Method for Drilling a Borehole |
PCT/IB2009/053071 WO2010010487A2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2009-07-15 | System and method for drilling a borehole |
GB1101438A GB2476398A (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2009-07-15 | System and method for drilling a borehole |
CA2732036A CA2732036A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2009-07-15 | System and method for drilling a borehole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/179,617 US20100018770A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | System and Method for Drilling a Borehole |
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US20100018770A1 true US20100018770A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/179,617 Abandoned US20100018770A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | System and Method for Drilling a Borehole |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US20100018770A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2732036A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2476398A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010010487A2 (en) |
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WO2012012632A1 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-01-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Rotary coil tubing drilling and completion technology |
US20120111561A1 (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-05-10 | Frey Mark T | Systems and Methods for Detecting Phases in Multiphase Borehole Fluids |
US20140253341A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-11 | Abrado, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communication of wellbore data, including visual images |
US8919458B2 (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2014-12-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for drilling a deviated wellbore |
US20150211355A1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Ryan Directional Services, Inc. | Mwd system for unconventional wells |
US9206644B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2015-12-08 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Positive displacement motor (PDM) rotary steerable system (RSS) and apparatus |
US9217289B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2015-12-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Casing drilling bottom hole assembly having wireless power and data connection |
US9217323B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2015-12-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Mechanical caliper system for a logging while drilling (LWD) borehole caliper |
US9217299B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2015-12-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Drilling bottom hole assembly having wireless power and data connection |
US9939786B2 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2018-04-10 | Makita Corporation | Device for motor-driven appliance |
CN108222892A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-06-29 | 吉林大学 | A kind of quarrying apparatus and method of continuous exploiting ocean gas hydrate |
US10294777B2 (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2019-05-21 | Cudd Pressure Control, Inc. | Steering tool system |
CN111577262A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Underground storage direct-reading device |
CN112020595A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2020-12-01 | 贝克休斯控股有限责任公司 | Closure module for downhole system |
CN114427443A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-03 | 渭南陕煤启辰科技有限公司 | Detachable drill hole track measurement while drilling probe |
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CN112020595A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2020-12-01 | 贝克休斯控股有限责任公司 | Closure module for downhole system |
CN111577262A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Underground storage direct-reading device |
CN114427443A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-03 | 渭南陕煤启辰科技有限公司 | Detachable drill hole track measurement while drilling probe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2476398A (en) | 2011-06-22 |
GB201101438D0 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
WO2010010487A3 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
CA2732036A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
WO2010010487A2 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
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