US20100006568A1 - Tank for storing a reducing agent - Google Patents
Tank for storing a reducing agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100006568A1 US20100006568A1 US12/444,204 US44420407A US2010006568A1 US 20100006568 A1 US20100006568 A1 US 20100006568A1 US 44420407 A US44420407 A US 44420407A US 2010006568 A1 US2010006568 A1 US 2010006568A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- inner container
- container
- tank
- outer container
- recited
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
- B60K13/04—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning exhaust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K2015/03328—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
- B60K2015/03348—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling for supplying additives to fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tank for storing a liquid reducing agent according to the preamble to claim 1 .
- a selective catalytic reduction for example, is carried out in which the nitrogen oxides are reduced to nitrogen and water with the aid of reducing agents.
- an aqueous urea solution is used as a reducing agent.
- the reducing agent is normally stored in a tank and supplied via a line from the tank to a metering module that injects the reducing agent into the exhaust pipe, for example.
- the conventional liquid reducing agents currently in use freeze at a temperature in the range from ⁇ 11° C. to ⁇ 40° C.
- the phase shift from the liquid aggregate state into the solid aggregate state causes the reducing agent to undergo a volume expansion of approximately 7%.
- the tank is not completely filled so that if freezing occurs, there is always an air cushion above the reducing agent.
- This air cushion produces a thermal insulation of the reducing agent at the top of the tank.
- the freezing of the reducing agent consequently begins at the sides and the bottom.
- the volume expansion of the freezing liquid consequently always occurs in the direction toward the air space in the tank, toward the middle of the tank.
- the reducing agent causes a dome to form as it freezes.
- the presence of the air cushion prevents the tank from being damaged when the reducing agent freezes.
- a disadvantage of the air cushion in the tank is that if the tank is overfilled, an expansion of the reducing agent can cause damage to the tank.
- a tank embodied according to the invention for storing a reducing agent, in particular a liquid reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine to nitrogen and water, includes an outer container in which an inner container is accommodated.
- the inner container is accommodated in the outer container in a mount that is able to slide in relation to an axis of the outer container, the inner container being supported so that a sliding of the inner container in the mount changes the volume of the outer container.
- An advantage of the tank according to the invention is that a deformation of the outer container during the freezing of the reducing agent leads to a shifting of the wall of the outer container without a shifting of the inner container, enlarging the volume in the outer container.
- the fixed positioning of the inner container avoids damage that can occur if the position of the inner container changes. Such damage can include, for example, the bending or rupturing of fixed connections or rigid lines with which the inner container is attached, for example, to a vehicle body.
- a spring element is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container.
- the spring element permits the inner container to be axially fixed in relation to the outer container. Through the use of a spring element, however, it remains possible for the inner container to slide in an axial direction in the outer container.
- the spring element preferably rests with one end against the bottom of the inner container and rests with the other end against the bottom of the outer container.
- the spring element which is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container, is preferably manufactured out of elastomer.
- the inner container In order for the volume of the outer container to increase due to the sliding of the inner container, it is preferable for the inner container to be accommodated in an opening in the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container. If the inner container were completely enclosed by the outer container, then a sliding of the inner container would only result in a geometrical change of the volume of the outer container, but the volume would remain the same size.
- the inner container is preferably embodied with a shoulder that is acted on by a coupling element, which is attached to the outer container with either frictional, nonpositive engagement or form-locked engagement.
- a suitable coupling element for example, is a coupling nut that is screwed onto a thread encompassing the inner container.
- an elastic sealing ring is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container, in the region of the axial mount at which the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
- the elastic sealing ring rests, for example, on the shoulder of the inner container while the outer container rests against the opposite side of the elastic sealing ring.
- the elastic sealing ring in this case preferably expands in order to assure the tightness of the seal.
- Another purpose of the elastic sealing ring is to provide a seal that protects the connection between the outer container and the inner container from the surrounding environment so that no reducing agent can escape from the outer container. This is particularly necessary when the reducing agent in the outer container is not frozen.
- the inner container is preferably connected to a supply module.
- the connection of the supply module to the inner container is preferably embodied so as to prevent a relative movement between the supply module and the inner container.
- the supply module is preferably placed directly onto the inner container.
- the supply module generally includes a pump with which reducing agent can be drawn from the inner container.
- the inner container preferably also accommodates a heating element that can be used to thaw frozen reducing agent.
- the heating element is preferably also connected to the supply module and is triggered by means of the supply module. Attaching the supply module to the inner container so as to prevent a relative movement between the inner container and the supply module also prevents damage to the heating element that would occur if the supply module were to move in relation to the inner container as soon as the reducing agent in the inner container froze solid. The relative movement between the supply module and inner container would occur, for example, because the freezing of the reducing agent would push against the supply module and lift it from the inner container if a sufficient attachment were not provided.
- the heating element is generally rigidly connected to the supply module and is no longer mobile due to the frozen reducing agent in the inner container, this might possibly cause the heating element to be torn out from the supply module. A heating would no longer be possible, thus rendering it no longer possible to thaw the reducing agent.
- the tank is constructed so that the supply module connected to the inner container is positioned outside the outer container. The positioning of the supply module outside the outer container makes it possible, for example in the event of damage to the supply module, to simply repair and replace the supply module without having to disassemble the entire tank.
- FIG. 1 shows a tank for storing reducing agent in which the reducing agent is frozen
- FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of a tank embodied according to the invention for storing a reducing agent
- FIG. 3 is a detailed depiction of an attachment of an inner container in an outer container with a coupling element.
- FIG. 1 shows a tank for storing a reducing agent.
- a tank 1 includes an outer container 3 in which an inner container 5 is accommodated.
- the inner container 5 is fastened to the outer container 3 , for example by means of a coupling element.
- a suitable coupling element is a coupling nut, for example. It is also conceivable, however to use any other fastening option known to those skilled in the art.
- the inner container 5 is attached to a supply module 7 .
- the supply module 7 includes a supply pump with which reducing agent can be supplied from the inner container 5 .
- the supply module 7 is also connected to a heating element 9 .
- the heating element 9 can be used to thaw the reducing agent in the inner container 5 when it is frozen.
- the heating element is preferably embodied so that it encompasses a supply line 11 .
- the fact that the supply line 11 is encompassed by the heating element 9 means that frozen reducing agent that is contained in the supply line 11 is thawed first.
- the supply line 11 is connected to the supply pump 13 contained in the supply module 7 .
- the supply pump 13 is connected to a reducing agent line 15 .
- the reducing agent line 15 ends at a metering device 17 that supplies the liquid reducing agent to an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalytic converter, which is not depicted here.
- Nitrogen oxides which are produced during the combustion of fuel in an internal combustion engine and are conveyed out with the exhaust, are reduced to nitrogen and water in the SCR catalytic converter.
- the reducing agent for example, is an aqueous urea solution.
- the liquid reducing agent evaporates and forms ammonia that is deposited in the SCR catalytic converter.
- the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust are converted into elementary nitrogen and water vapor by the ammonia that is deposited in the SCR catalytic converter.
- the liquid reducing agent freezes.
- the freezing process begins at the walls of the outer container 3 and continues on into the interior of the outer container 3 .
- an aqueous urea solution used as a liquid reducing agent, it freezes at a temperature between ⁇ 11° C. and ⁇ 40° C. The temperature depends on which antifreeze or how much antifreeze has been added to the liquid reducing agent. It generally takes several days for the reducing agent to freeze completely.
- the volume expansion of the reducing agent as it freezes causes a dome 19 to form. Since the freezing process begins at the walls of the outer container 3 and continues on into the interior, the dome 19 encompasses the inner container 5 .
- the frozen reducing agent in the outer container is labeled with the reference numeral 21 in FIG. 1 .
- the outer container 3 is only filled to a level that leaves an air space 23 above the reducing agent.
- the formation of the dome 19 displaces air from the air space 23 .
- the size of the air space 23 is selected to be large enough to avoid a deformation of the outer container 3 , even when the reducing agent 21 is completely frozen.
- the volume taken up by the air space 23 is at least equal to the volume by which the reducing agent expands when it freezes.
- the reducing agent in the inner container 5 After the reducing agent in the outer container 3 has frozen to the point that the frozen reducing agent 21 contacts the wall 25 of the inner container 5 , the reducing agent in the inner container 5 also begins to freeze. In the inner container 5 as well, the freezing process begins at the wall 25 and continues on toward the middle of the inner container 5 . In the embodiment show in FIG. 1 , a part of the reducing agent inside the inner container 5 is already frozen. This frozen reducing agent in the inner container is labeled with the reference numeral 27 . Since the reducing agent is not yet completely frozen, the inner container 5 also contains liquid reducing agent 29 . Since the freezing process begins at the walls 25 of the inner container 5 , the frozen reducing agent 27 encompasses the liquid reducing agent 29 .
- the inner container 5 When the liquid reducing agent 29 in the inner container 5 freezes further, the phase boundary 31 between the frozen reducing agent 27 and the liquid reducing agent 29 moves further upward and toward the center. The volume expansion of the reducing agent then causes a dome to also form in the inner container 5 . For this reason, it is likewise necessary for the inner container 5 to contain an air cushion 33 in order to avoid damage to the inner container. So that the freezing of the reducing agent in the inner container 5 does not damage the heating element 5 , the inner container 5 is preferably rigidly connected to the supply module 7 .
- the inner container 5 in this case is rigidly connected to the outer container 3 . It is not possible for the inner container 5 to move in the outer container 3 . If the outer container is overfilled and the air cushion 23 is too small, then the frozen reducing agent pushes the wall of the outer container 3 outward. This can damage the outer container 3 .
- FIG. 2 shows a tank embodied according to the invention, with an axially sliding inner container.
- a tank 1 embodied according to the invention likewise includes an inner container 5 that is accommodated in an outer container 3 .
- the inner container 5 is connected to the supply module 7 so as to form a functional unit.
- the connection of the inner container 5 to the supply module 7 is known to those skilled in the art and is therefore depicted only schematically here.
- the inner container 5 is accommodated in the outer container in an axial mount 35 that is able to slide in relation to an axis 37 in the outer container 3 .
- the inner container 5 that is attached to the supply module 7 to form the functional unit is pushed out of the inner container 3 in the axial direction. This avoids damage to the outer container 3 when the reducing agent freezes, even if the outer container 3 is overfilled, thus leaving an insufficient air cushion.
- any mount known to those skilled in the art is suitable for use as the axially movable mount 35 .
- the inner container 5 is elastically attached to the outer container 3 .
- the attachment of the inner container 5 to the outer container 3 is carried out, for example as shown in FIG. 2 , by means of a spring element 39 , which is accommodated between the bottom 41 of the inner container 5 and the bottom 43 of the outer container 3 .
- the spring element 39 it is necessary for the spring element 39 to have a sufficiently high spring constant.
- a suitable spring element 39 for example, is a cushion composed of an elastomer.
- Movements of the inner container 5 in the outer container 3 are induced, for example, when the tank 1 embodied according to the invention is used in a motor vehicle. As soon as the motor vehicle is driven, irregularities in the road surface are transmitted to the motor vehicle and therefore also to the tank 1 . Because of the differing masses of the outer container 3 and inner container 5 , these are accelerated differently so that the movements of the vehicle cause a relative movement between the outer container 3 and the inner container 5 .
- the spring element 39 reduces or preferably completely eliminates this relative movement between the inner container 5 and the outer container 3 .
- the axially movable mount 35 is preferably embodied so that it is fluid-tight. This prevents liquid reducing agent from being able to escape from the outer container 3 into the environment.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of an axially movable mount.
- the functional unit 45 including the inner container 5 and the supply module 7 is fastened to the outer container 3 with a coupling element 47 .
- the outer container 3 is provided with a sleeve-shaped extension 49 on which an external thread 51 is embodied.
- the sleeve-shaped extension 49 encompasses an opening 54 into which the functional unit 45 is inserted.
- a shoulder 53 is embodied on the functional unit 45 .
- the coupling element 47 which in this case is embodied in the form of a coupling nut and is screwed onto the external thread 51 on the sleeve-shaped extension 49 , acts on the shoulder 53 and secures the functional unit 45 in the outer container 3 .
- an elastic sealing element 55 is accommodated between the sleeve-shaped extension 49 and the functional unit 45 .
- the sealing element 55 is profiled. Because of the profiling, the sealing element 55 is radially elastic.
- the sealing element 55 is mounted between the sleeve-shaped extension 49 and the functional unit 45 with a moderate amount of radial prestressing.
- this permits the functional unit 45 to slide axially in the outer container 3 in relation to the axis 37 and on the other hand, this also provides a seal between the functional unit 45 and the outer container 3 so that no reducing agent can escape from the outer container 3 into the environment.
- the sealing element 55 has a collar 57 that rests against the shoulder 53 , thus assuring an additional axial seal.
- the collar 57 is to be very elastic. This can be assured, for example, by means of an intense profiling.
- Another purpose of the collar 57 is to axially position the sealing element 55 in the axially movable mount 35 that is composed of the sleeve-shaped extension 49 and the functional unit 45 accommodated therein.
- a sufficiently large distance between the shoulder 53 and the coupling element 47 is achieved by the fact that the coupling element 47 is placed against a stop 59 .
- the stop 59 is embodied, for example, as an end surface on the sleeve-shaped extension 49 .
- the spring element 39 which in the embodiment shown here is embodied as an elastomer part, prevents the functional unit 45 from falling into the outer container 3 until it rests against the bottom of the outer container 3 .
- the spring element 39 establishes a distance between the bottom 41 of the inner container 5 and the bottom 43 of the outer container 3 .
- the height of the spring element 39 also establishes the distance between the shoulder 53 and the coupling element 47 .
- the coupling element 47 lifts away from the collar 57 of the sealing element 55 because it is not necessary for a seal to prevent the escape of liquid if the reducing agent in the outer container 3 is frozen. As soon as the reducing agent has thawed again, the coupling element 47 drops back down onto the collar 57 and the collar 57 produces the axial seal once more.
- the spring element 39 can also hold the functional unit 45 in its position if the bottom 43 of the outer container 3 moves in relation to the functional unit 45 . With a rigid connection of the functional unit 45 to the bottom 43 of the outer container 3 , the functional unit 45 would move in relation to the vehicle body and this could result in damage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a tank for storing a reducing agent, in particular a liquid reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides from the waste gas of an internal combustion engine to nitrogen and water. The tank includes an external container in which an internal container is accommodated. The internal container is held in the external container in a mounting that can be axially displaced in relation to an axis of the external container. The internal container is held such that the volume in the external container is modified by displacing the internal container in the mounting.
Description
- The invention relates to a tank for storing a liquid reducing agent according to the preamble to claim 1.
- In internal combustion engines, particularly in diesel-operated internal combustion engines, due to stricter exhaust legislation going into effect in the next few years, it will be necessary among other things to reduce the percentage of nitrogen oxides in exhaust. In order to reduce the percentage of nitrogen oxides, a selective catalytic reduction, for example, is carried out in which the nitrogen oxides are reduced to nitrogen and water with the aid of reducing agents. For example, an aqueous urea solution is used as a reducing agent.
- The reducing agent is normally stored in a tank and supplied via a line from the tank to a metering module that injects the reducing agent into the exhaust pipe, for example.
- Depending on the antifreeze used, the conventional liquid reducing agents currently in use freeze at a temperature in the range from −11° C. to −40° C. The phase shift from the liquid aggregate state into the solid aggregate state causes the reducing agent to undergo a volume expansion of approximately 7%. In order to prevent the tank from bursting due to the freezing of the reducing agent, in the tanks currently in use for storing reducing agent, the tank is not completely filled so that if freezing occurs, there is always an air cushion above the reducing agent.
- The presence of this air cushion produces a thermal insulation of the reducing agent at the top of the tank. The freezing of the reducing agent consequently begins at the sides and the bottom. The volume expansion of the freezing liquid consequently always occurs in the direction toward the air space in the tank, toward the middle of the tank. As a result, the reducing agent causes a dome to form as it freezes. The presence of the air cushion prevents the tank from being damaged when the reducing agent freezes.
- A disadvantage of the air cushion in the tank, however, is that if the tank is overfilled, an expansion of the reducing agent can cause damage to the tank.
- A tank embodied according to the invention for storing a reducing agent, in particular a liquid reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine to nitrogen and water, includes an outer container in which an inner container is accommodated. The inner container is accommodated in the outer container in a mount that is able to slide in relation to an axis of the outer container, the inner container being supported so that a sliding of the inner container in the mount changes the volume of the outer container.
- An advantage of the tank according to the invention is that a deformation of the outer container during the freezing of the reducing agent leads to a shifting of the wall of the outer container without a shifting of the inner container, enlarging the volume in the outer container. The fixed positioning of the inner container avoids damage that can occur if the position of the inner container changes. Such damage can include, for example, the bending or rupturing of fixed connections or rigid lines with which the inner container is attached, for example, to a vehicle body.
- In one embodiment, a spring element is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container. The spring element permits the inner container to be axially fixed in relation to the outer container. Through the use of a spring element, however, it remains possible for the inner container to slide in an axial direction in the outer container. The spring element preferably rests with one end against the bottom of the inner container and rests with the other end against the bottom of the outer container. The spring element, which is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container, is preferably manufactured out of elastomer.
- In order for the volume of the outer container to increase due to the sliding of the inner container, it is preferable for the inner container to be accommodated in an opening in the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container. If the inner container were completely enclosed by the outer container, then a sliding of the inner container would only result in a geometrical change of the volume of the outer container, but the volume would remain the same size.
- In order to attach the inner container to the outer container, the inner container is preferably embodied with a shoulder that is acted on by a coupling element, which is attached to the outer container with either frictional, nonpositive engagement or form-locked engagement. A suitable coupling element, for example, is a coupling nut that is screwed onto a thread encompassing the inner container.
- In order to permit the inner container to slide axially when it is fastened to the outer container with the aid of the coupling element, preferably an elastic sealing ring is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container, in the region of the axial mount at which the inner container protrudes from the outer container. In this instance, the elastic sealing ring rests, for example, on the shoulder of the inner container while the outer container rests against the opposite side of the elastic sealing ring. As soon as the reducing agent freezes and the volume of the reducing agent increases as a result, the wall of the outer container is moved upward along the inner container due to the volume increase of the reducing agent while the coupling element lifts up from the sealing ring. The elastic sealing ring in this case preferably expands in order to assure the tightness of the seal. Another purpose of the elastic sealing ring is to provide a seal that protects the connection between the outer container and the inner container from the surrounding environment so that no reducing agent can escape from the outer container. This is particularly necessary when the reducing agent in the outer container is not frozen.
- The inner container is preferably connected to a supply module. The connection of the supply module to the inner container is preferably embodied so as to prevent a relative movement between the supply module and the inner container. To this end, the supply module is preferably placed directly onto the inner container. The supply module generally includes a pump with which reducing agent can be drawn from the inner container.
- The inner container preferably also accommodates a heating element that can be used to thaw frozen reducing agent. The heating element is preferably also connected to the supply module and is triggered by means of the supply module. Attaching the supply module to the inner container so as to prevent a relative movement between the inner container and the supply module also prevents damage to the heating element that would occur if the supply module were to move in relation to the inner container as soon as the reducing agent in the inner container froze solid. The relative movement between the supply module and inner container would occur, for example, because the freezing of the reducing agent would push against the supply module and lift it from the inner container if a sufficient attachment were not provided. Since the heating element is generally rigidly connected to the supply module and is no longer mobile due to the frozen reducing agent in the inner container, this might possibly cause the heating element to be torn out from the supply module. A heating would no longer be possible, thus rendering it no longer possible to thaw the reducing agent. In general, the tank is constructed so that the supply module connected to the inner container is positioned outside the outer container. The positioning of the supply module outside the outer container makes it possible, for example in the event of damage to the supply module, to simply repair and replace the supply module without having to disassemble the entire tank.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and explained in greater detail in the following description.
- Drawings
-
FIG. 1 shows a tank for storing reducing agent in which the reducing agent is frozen, -
FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of a tank embodied according to the invention for storing a reducing agent, -
FIG. 3 is a detailed depiction of an attachment of an inner container in an outer container with a coupling element. -
FIG. 1 shows a tank for storing a reducing agent. Atank 1 includes anouter container 3 in which aninner container 5 is accommodated. Theinner container 5 is fastened to theouter container 3, for example by means of a coupling element. A suitable coupling element is a coupling nut, for example. It is also conceivable, however to use any other fastening option known to those skilled in the art. Theinner container 5 is attached to a supply module 7. For example, the supply module 7 includes a supply pump with which reducing agent can be supplied from theinner container 5. The supply module 7 is also connected to aheating element 9. Theheating element 9 can be used to thaw the reducing agent in theinner container 5 when it is frozen. The heating element is preferably embodied so that it encompasses asupply line 11. The fact that thesupply line 11 is encompassed by theheating element 9 means that frozen reducing agent that is contained in thesupply line 11 is thawed first. Thesupply line 11 is connected to thesupply pump 13 contained in the supply module 7. Thesupply pump 13 is connected to a reducingagent line 15. The reducingagent line 15 ends at ametering device 17 that supplies the liquid reducing agent to an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalytic converter, which is not depicted here. Nitrogen oxides, which are produced during the combustion of fuel in an internal combustion engine and are conveyed out with the exhaust, are reduced to nitrogen and water in the SCR catalytic converter. The reducing agent, for example, is an aqueous urea solution. - In the hot exhaust, the liquid reducing agent evaporates and forms ammonia that is deposited in the SCR catalytic converter. The nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust are converted into elementary nitrogen and water vapor by the ammonia that is deposited in the SCR catalytic converter.
- At temperatures below its melting point, the liquid reducing agent freezes. The freezing process begins at the walls of the
outer container 3 and continues on into the interior of theouter container 3. When an aqueous urea solution is used as a liquid reducing agent, it freezes at a temperature between −11° C. and −40° C. The temperature depends on which antifreeze or how much antifreeze has been added to the liquid reducing agent. It generally takes several days for the reducing agent to freeze completely. The volume expansion of the reducing agent as it freezes causes adome 19 to form. Since the freezing process begins at the walls of theouter container 3 and continues on into the interior, thedome 19 encompasses theinner container 5. The frozen reducing agent in the outer container is labeled with thereference numeral 21 inFIG. 1 . - So that the formation of the
dome 19 does not destroy theouter container 3, theouter container 3 is only filled to a level that leaves anair space 23 above the reducing agent. The formation of thedome 19 displaces air from theair space 23. The size of theair space 23 is selected to be large enough to avoid a deformation of theouter container 3, even when the reducingagent 21 is completely frozen. The volume taken up by theair space 23 is at least equal to the volume by which the reducing agent expands when it freezes. - After the reducing agent in the
outer container 3 has frozen to the point that the frozen reducingagent 21 contacts thewall 25 of theinner container 5, the reducing agent in theinner container 5 also begins to freeze. In theinner container 5 as well, the freezing process begins at thewall 25 and continues on toward the middle of theinner container 5. In the embodiment show inFIG. 1 , a part of the reducing agent inside theinner container 5 is already frozen. This frozen reducing agent in the inner container is labeled with thereference numeral 27. Since the reducing agent is not yet completely frozen, theinner container 5 also containsliquid reducing agent 29. Since the freezing process begins at thewalls 25 of theinner container 5, the frozen reducingagent 27 encompasses theliquid reducing agent 29. When theliquid reducing agent 29 in theinner container 5 freezes further, thephase boundary 31 between the frozen reducingagent 27 and theliquid reducing agent 29 moves further upward and toward the center. The volume expansion of the reducing agent then causes a dome to also form in theinner container 5. For this reason, it is likewise necessary for theinner container 5 to contain anair cushion 33 in order to avoid damage to the inner container. So that the freezing of the reducing agent in theinner container 5 does not damage theheating element 5, theinner container 5 is preferably rigidly connected to the supply module 7. - The
inner container 5 in this case is rigidly connected to theouter container 3. It is not possible for theinner container 5 to move in theouter container 3. If the outer container is overfilled and theair cushion 23 is too small, then the frozen reducing agent pushes the wall of theouter container 3 outward. This can damage theouter container 3. -
FIG. 2 shows a tank embodied according to the invention, with an axially sliding inner container. - A
tank 1 embodied according to the invention likewise includes aninner container 5 that is accommodated in anouter container 3. Theinner container 5 is connected to the supply module 7 so as to form a functional unit. The connection of theinner container 5 to the supply module 7 is known to those skilled in the art and is therefore depicted only schematically here. - According to the invention, the
inner container 5 is accommodated in the outer container in anaxial mount 35 that is able to slide in relation to anaxis 37 in theouter container 3. As soon as the reducing agent in theouter container 3 freezes and therefore expands, theinner container 5 that is attached to the supply module 7 to form the functional unit is pushed out of theinner container 3 in the axial direction. This avoids damage to theouter container 3 when the reducing agent freezes, even if theouter container 3 is overfilled, thus leaving an insufficient air cushion. - Any mount known to those skilled in the art is suitable for use as the axially
movable mount 35. In order to prevent theinner container 5 from starting to move inside theouter container 3, e.g. due to externally exerted forces, theinner container 5 is elastically attached to theouter container 3. The attachment of theinner container 5 to theouter container 3 is carried out, for example as shown inFIG. 2 , by means of aspring element 39, which is accommodated between the bottom 41 of theinner container 5 and the bottom 43 of theouter container 3. In order to prevent theinner container 5 from starting to oscillate, it is necessary for thespring element 39 to have a sufficiently high spring constant. Asuitable spring element 39, for example, is a cushion composed of an elastomer. - Movements of the
inner container 5 in theouter container 3 are induced, for example, when thetank 1 embodied according to the invention is used in a motor vehicle. As soon as the motor vehicle is driven, irregularities in the road surface are transmitted to the motor vehicle and therefore also to thetank 1. Because of the differing masses of theouter container 3 andinner container 5, these are accelerated differently so that the movements of the vehicle cause a relative movement between theouter container 3 and theinner container 5. Thespring element 39 reduces or preferably completely eliminates this relative movement between theinner container 5 and theouter container 3. - The axially
movable mount 35 is preferably embodied so that it is fluid-tight. This prevents liquid reducing agent from being able to escape from theouter container 3 into the environment. -
FIG. 3 shows an example of an axially movable mount. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 3 , thefunctional unit 45 including theinner container 5 and the supply module 7 is fastened to theouter container 3 with acoupling element 47. To this end, theouter container 3 is provided with a sleeve-shapedextension 49 on which anexternal thread 51 is embodied. The sleeve-shapedextension 49 encompasses anopening 54 into which thefunctional unit 45 is inserted. In order to secure thefunctional unit 45 in theouter container 3, ashoulder 53 is embodied on thefunctional unit 45. Thecoupling element 47, which in this case is embodied in the form of a coupling nut and is screwed onto theexternal thread 51 on the sleeve-shapedextension 49, acts on theshoulder 53 and secures thefunctional unit 45 in theouter container 3. In order to produce a seal, anelastic sealing element 55 is accommodated between the sleeve-shapedextension 49 and thefunctional unit 45. Preferably, the sealingelement 55 is profiled. Because of the profiling, the sealingelement 55 is radially elastic. The sealingelement 55 is mounted between the sleeve-shapedextension 49 and thefunctional unit 45 with a moderate amount of radial prestressing. On the one hand, this permits thefunctional unit 45 to slide axially in theouter container 3 in relation to theaxis 37 and on the other hand, this also provides a seal between thefunctional unit 45 and theouter container 3 so that no reducing agent can escape from theouter container 3 into the environment. - In a preferred embodiment, the sealing
element 55 has acollar 57 that rests against theshoulder 53, thus assuring an additional axial seal. To permit an axial sliding of thefunctional unit 45 in theouter container 3, though, it is necessary for thecollar 57 to be very elastic. This can be assured, for example, by means of an intense profiling. Another purpose of thecollar 57 is to axially position the sealingelement 55 in the axiallymovable mount 35 that is composed of the sleeve-shapedextension 49 and thefunctional unit 45 accommodated therein. A sufficiently large distance between theshoulder 53 and thecoupling element 47 is achieved by the fact that thecoupling element 47 is placed against astop 59. Thestop 59 is embodied, for example, as an end surface on the sleeve-shapedextension 49. - The
spring element 39, which in the embodiment shown here is embodied as an elastomer part, prevents thefunctional unit 45 from falling into theouter container 3 until it rests against the bottom of theouter container 3. Thespring element 39 establishes a distance between the bottom 41 of theinner container 5 and the bottom 43 of theouter container 3. The height of thespring element 39 also establishes the distance between theshoulder 53 and thecoupling element 47. - If the reducing agent in the
outer container 3 then begins to freeze, a force is exerted on theouter container 3. This is depicted by thearrows 61. Theforce 61 acting on theouter container 3 causes the casing of theouter container 3 to be pushed outward. This upward-directed deformation can be absorbed by the axiallymovable mount 35, thus preventing a damage to thetank 1. Even when a deformation of the casing of theouter container 3 occurs, thefunctional unit 45 remains in its position. As a result no strain is exerted on lines and devices connecting thefunctional unit 45 to a vehicle body, for example. It is also not a problem if thecoupling element 47 lifts away from thecollar 57 of the sealingelement 55 because it is not necessary for a seal to prevent the escape of liquid if the reducing agent in theouter container 3 is frozen. As soon as the reducing agent has thawed again, thecoupling element 47 drops back down onto thecollar 57 and thecollar 57 produces the axial seal once more. Thespring element 39 can also hold thefunctional unit 45 in its position if the bottom 43 of theouter container 3 moves in relation to thefunctional unit 45. With a rigid connection of thefunctional unit 45 to the bottom 43 of theouter container 3, thefunctional unit 45 would move in relation to the vehicle body and this could result in damage.
Claims (21)
1-10. (canceled)
11. A tank for storing a reducing agent, in particular a liquid reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine to nitrogen and water, comprising:
an outer container;
an inner container accommodated within the inner container;
a mount supporting the inner container within the outer container, wherein the mount is able to slide axially in relation to an axis of the outer container, and the inner container is supported so that a sliding of the inner container in the mount changes the volume of the outer container.
12. The tank as recited in claim 11 , wherein a spring element is disposed between the inner container and the outer container.
13. The tail as recited in claim 12 , wherein the spring element rests with one end against a bottom of the inner container and rests with an other end against a bottom of the outer container.
14. The tank as recited in claim 12 , wherein the spring element is manufactured out of an elastomer.
15. The tank as recited in claim 13 , wherein the spring element is manufactured out of an elastomer.
16. The tank as recited in claim 11 , wherein the inner container is accommodated in an opening of the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
17. The tank as recited in claim 12 , wherein the inner container is accommodated in an opening of the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
18. The tank as recited in claim 13 , wherein the inner container is accommodated in an opening of the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
19. The tank as recited in claim 14 , wherein the inner container is accommodated in an opening of the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
20. The tank as recited in claim 15 , wherein the inner container is accommodated in an opening of the outer container in such a way that the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
21. The tank as recited in claim 11 , wherein the inner container is embodied with a shoulder that is acted on by a coupling element, which coupling element is attached to the outer container with either frictional, nonpositive engagement or form-locked engagement.
22. The tank as recited in claim 12 , wherein the inner container is embodied with a shoulder that is acted on by a coupling element, which coupling element is attached to the outer container with either frictional, nonpositive engagement or form-locked engagement.
23. The tank as recited in claim 15 , wherein the inner container is embodied with a shoulder that is acted on by a coupling element, which coupling element is attached to the outer container with either frictional, nonpositive engagement or form-locked engagement.
24. The tank as recited in claim 11 wherein an elastic sealing element is accommodated between the inner container and the outer container, in a region of the mount at which the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
25. The tank as recited in claim 20 , wherein an elastic sealing element is accommodated between the inner container and the outer containers in a region of the mount at which the inner container protrudes from the outer container.
26. The tank as recited in claim 11 , wherein the inner container is connected to a supply module.
27. The tank as recited in claim 25 , wherein the inner container is connected to a supply module.
28. The tank as recited in claim 26 , wherein the supply module is connected to the inner container so as to be positioned outside of the outer container.
29. The tank as recited in claim 27 , wherein the supply module is connected to the inner container so as to be positioned outside of the outer container.
30. The tank as recited in claim 11 , wherein a heating element is accommodated in the inner container.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006046901.1 | 2006-10-04 | ||
DE102006046901A DE102006046901A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2006-10-04 | Tank for storing a reducing agent |
PCT/EP2007/058344 WO2008040591A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-08-13 | Tank for storing a reducing agent |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20100006568A1 true US20100006568A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
Family
ID=38669415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/444,204 Abandoned US20100006568A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-08-13 | Tank for storing a reducing agent |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100006568A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2077953B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4801202B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101522456B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE456479T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102006046901A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008040591A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9222386B2 (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2015-12-29 | Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Injection device for metering a liquid additive, method for freezing an injection device and motor vehicle |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102008041723A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Tank for storing a liquid agent |
DE102008054629B4 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2023-05-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ice pressure resistant tank |
DE102010024022A1 (en) * | 2010-06-16 | 2011-12-22 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Device for conveying liquid reducing agent |
DE102011081694A1 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2013-02-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines, method for the production |
KR101437118B1 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2014-09-02 | 주식회사 테스크 | The urea tank for a diesel car which is possessed of a sensor support portion |
FR3124560B1 (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | Vitesco Technologies | HEATED VOLUME ABSORBER |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE456479T1 (en) | 2010-02-15 |
CN101522456A (en) | 2009-09-02 |
JP4801202B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
WO2008040591A1 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
EP2077953B1 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
EP2077953A1 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
CN101522456B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
DE102006046901A1 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
JP2010506076A (en) | 2010-02-25 |
DE502007002770D1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
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