US2009324A - Pressure vessel - Google Patents

Description

July 23, l935 c. G. PULLIN 2,009,324

PRESSURE VESSEL Filed oct. 15, 1954 i@ @JQ/ Patented July 23, 1935 PRESSURE VESSEL Cyril George Pullin, Queens Park, Glasgow, Scotland, assignor to G. & J. Weir, Limited, Glasgow, Scotland, a corporation of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Application October 15, 1934, Serial No. 748,387 In Great Britain November 18, 1933 1 Claim.

This invention relates to pressure vessels having screwed-on or bolted-onheads, end covers, or the like, and relates more particularly to the sealing of the joint between an internal combustion engine cylinder and cylinder head.

According to the invention, the sealing of such joint is realized by means of a ring of springmetal of U-form or channel form in cross-section, the limbs of the U extending in the direction of the plane of the ring, and being deformable under axial pressure between opposed faces presented by complemental parts of the vessel and the head orV end cover, the limbs of the U being squeezed towards one another within the elastic limit of the metal so that the limbs are maintained in intimate contact with said faces. Y

The invention as adapted to an internal combustion engine is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which is a fragmentary sectional elevation of an internal combustion engine cylinder.

The fluid pressure sealing device consists of a ring l of spring metal, of U form in crossrespect to the axis of the ring, and which is accommodated between a face 2 presented by an external annular shoulder 3 on the cylinder barrel 4 and a face 5 presented by an annular shoulder 6 on the lower end of the cylinder head l. Desirably the ring l is lapped in to the cylinder head 1 and cylinder barrel 4 or other jointing surfaces.

The limbs of the U are deformable under axial pressure between said faces 2, 5, and are squeezed towards one another within the elastic limit of Athe metal so that they are maintained in intimate contact with the faces 2, 5.

'I'he cylinder head 1, which is screw-threaded on to the cylinder barrel 4, presents a sunk annular seat 8 for direct engagement with the relative cylinder barrel end face 9, so that, when the cylinder head 'l is screwed righ-t home on the cylinder barrel 4, the seat 8 bears hard on the relative barrel end face 9,' and a definite and predetermined pressure is exercised on the jointing faces of the ring, such pressure depending on the angle of the sides of the channel or the form of the ring.

Pressure gas leaking past the screw-threads enters the annular channel of the spring ring and tends to separate the limbs of the ring into more intimatek contact with the faces 2, 5 on the cylinder barrel and the cylinder head.

The cylinder head may consist of aluminium section, the open side of which is innermost withy (Cl. B20-3) alloy, and the cylinder barrel may consist of steel, so that as the cylinder head has a higher coefficient of expansion than the cylinder barrel, Athere is, due to the temperature rise, a definite radial expansion of the cylinder head, which expansion causes a certain amount of slackness'in the screw-threads.

Advantageously, therefore,V

the axial thrust exercised yby the spring ring tends to take up any such slackness and to maintain gas-tightness.

The spring ring acts also in the manner of a spring washer and prevents any slackening back of the head.

If desired,r

a further locking may be interposed between the cylinder head and cylinder barrel.

A passage,

or conduit, from the pressure chamber of the cylinder may be provided, for feeding the annular space between the joint and the cylinder barrel;

this passage may be relatively large barrel of an internal combustion engine or any otherapplication wherein the component parts are working at an elevated temperature such as would alter the spring condition of the joint ring,

it may be desirable to form the ring of a material having thermal hardening properties, and so alloyed that the vmaterial retains the necessary elasticity at such elevated temperature.

The inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface of the ringvl may constitute the exposed ring I.

I claim:-

side of the channel dened bythe The combination with a cylinder barrel externally screw-threaded at its outer end, of an internally threaded cylinder head screwed on to said barrel, said` barrel and said head presenting opposed annular shoulders, and a fluid-pressure sealing ring of spring metal of substantially U- form in cross section interposed between said shoulders, and adapted to confine .any leakage between the threads of said barrel and said head,

the convex face of said ring being outermost, the v Whole of said convex face being exposed to the atmosphere.

CYRIL .GEORGE PULLIN.

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