US20090305179A1 - Steam-Generator Furnace - Google Patents

Steam-Generator Furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090305179A1
US20090305179A1 US11/921,478 US92147805A US2009305179A1 US 20090305179 A1 US20090305179 A1 US 20090305179A1 US 92147805 A US92147805 A US 92147805A US 2009305179 A1 US2009305179 A1 US 2009305179A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
burners
secondary air
external
steam generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/921,478
Inventor
Felix Anatolievich Serant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO "KOTES-SIBIR"
ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO OTES SIBIR
Original Assignee
ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO OTES SIBIR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Assigned to ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO "KOTES-SIBIR" reassignment ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO "KOTES-SIBIR" ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SERANT, FELIX ANATOLIEVICH
Publication of US20090305179A1 publication Critical patent/US20090305179A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/02—Structural details of mounting
    • F23C5/06—Provision for adjustment of burner position during operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F23C5/32—Disposition of burners to obtain rotating flames, i.e. flames moving helically or spirally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03003—Annular combustion chambers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to furnace systems in heavy-duty power-generating units, and can be used in the thermoelectric power industry.
  • a boiler furnace consisting of internal and external tubular screens that are designed as two concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein burners are set up on each face of the last of the screens tangentially to some conditional periphery (RU 909418, F23C 5/08, 1982).
  • the burners In one known device for generating a vortical furnace flame for a specific type of fuel, the burners must be arranged in a specific manner relative to the screens. Since the burners are fixed in place in the known device, the latter is strictly “tied” to a specific type and even sort of fuel, which is one of its practical shortcomings.
  • a steam generator furnace (RU 953366, F23C 5/08, 1982) with a vertical annular combustion chamber consisting of external and internal tubular screens that are designed as concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein the lower portion of the screen face incorporates respective tangential burners and secondary air nozzles, with the latter being mounted in line with the burners.
  • a known technical solution involving nozzles arranged on the outer wall of the furnace involves the supply of all secondary air introduced into the furnace apart from the burners. This diminishes the heat absorption of the internal screen and, as a result, reduces furnace efficiency, which is a second of its shortcomings.
  • Feeding all secondary air into the lower portion of the furnace increases emissions of nitrogen oxides, which is also a shortcoming with respect to the known technical solution.
  • the furnace has large dimensions, and requires elevated capital expenditures for outfitting purposes.
  • the proposed utility model resolves the task of eliminating the aforementioned shortcomings using a specific furnace design.
  • various types of fuel can be optimally combusted, furnace efficiency can be increased, nitrogen oxide emissions can be cut, and furnace dimensions can be cut.
  • burners are movably incorporated in the steam generator furnace with a vertical annular combustion chamber consisting of internal and external tubular screens that are designed as concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein the lower portion of their faces accommodates burners tangential to the conditional periphery, and secondary air nozzles, making it possible to regulate the diameter of the conditional periphery within a range of 0.4-0.7 D, where D is the diameter of a periphery entered in the cross section of the prism of the external screen, and the secondary air nozzles are mounted on two tiers over the height of the furnace.
  • the first tier of secondary air nozzles is located at the burner level on the faces of the external screen, while the second tier is situated in the upper portion of the furnace on the faces of the external and internal screens; the nozzles in the first tier are directed in line with the burners, while those in the second run counter to the burners.
  • FIG. 1 presents a vertical section of the claimed furnace
  • FIG. 2 shows a section AA of FIG. 1 .
  • the furnace contains a combustion chamber 1 , external screen 2 and internal screen 3 , secondary air nozzles 5 (first tier) and 6 (second tier).
  • the furnace operates as follows.
  • the fuel-air mixture passes through the burners 4 into chamber 1 , where they undergo combustion.
  • the burners are mounted tangentially to some conditional periphery, the diameter of which depends on the physicochemical properties of the fuel.
  • Movably mounting the burners makes it possible to regulate the diameter of the conditional periphery, and thereby optimize the combustion conditions for a specific sort of used fuel.
  • the range of regulation measures 0.4-0.7 D, where D is the diameter of a periphery entered in the cross section of the prism of the external screen, which ensures an efficient, optimal combustion of coal from practically all known coal deposits.
  • the secondary air nozzles 5 set up on the furnace faces at the burner level create a system of incremental horizontal secondary air supply, which provides the furnace with a symmetrical aerodynamic while eliminating individual grinders and lowering NO x emissions.
  • the burners are set up in such a way that the aeromixture jet exits on the side of the flame, while the secondary air jet exits form the external screen.
  • the secondary air nozzles 6 set up in the upper portion of the furnace on the second tier ensure that the residual twists of exiting gases are extinguished, and consequently, that the heating surfaces in the gas duct are uniformly cleaned.
  • the table below presents comparative technical and economic indices for furnace assemblies based on the proposed furnace and a known furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to furnace devices for powerful power-generating units and can be used for the heat and electric-power industry. The inventive steam-generator furnace comprises a vertical annular combustion chamber, which is formed by external and internal tubular screens, embodied in the form of concentrically arranged equilateral prisms. Burners and secondary air nozzles are placed in the bottom part of the furnace on the external screen faces tangentially to a conventional circle. Said burners and nozzles are movably arranged on the same plane and unidirectionally oriented in such a way that it makes it possible to adjust the conventional circle diameter. Additional secondary air nozzles are mounted in the top part of the furnace on the faces of the external and internal screens oppositely with respect to the burners.

Description

  • The utility model relates to furnace systems in heavy-duty power-generating units, and can be used in the thermoelectric power industry.
  • Known in the art is a boiler furnace consisting of internal and external tubular screens that are designed as two concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein burners are set up on each face of the last of the screens tangentially to some conditional periphery (RU 909418, F23C 5/08, 1982).
  • In one known device for generating a vortical furnace flame for a specific type of fuel, the burners must be arranged in a specific manner relative to the screens. Since the burners are fixed in place in the known device, the latter is strictly “tied” to a specific type and even sort of fuel, which is one of its practical shortcomings.
  • Known in the art is a steam generator furnace (RU 953366, F23C 5/08, 1982) with a vertical annular combustion chamber consisting of external and internal tubular screens that are designed as concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein the lower portion of the screen face incorporates respective tangential burners and secondary air nozzles, with the latter being mounted in line with the burners.
  • Just as the analog described above, the known furnace is critical to the type of used fuel, which is one of its shortcomings.
  • A known technical solution involving nozzles arranged on the outer wall of the furnace involves the supply of all secondary air introduced into the furnace apart from the burners. This diminishes the heat absorption of the internal screen and, as a result, reduces furnace efficiency, which is a second of its shortcomings.
  • Feeding all secondary air into the lower portion of the furnace increases emissions of nitrogen oxides, which is also a shortcoming with respect to the known technical solution.
  • In addition, given the relatively high temperature of the exiting gases caused by the reduction in heat absorption of the screens, the furnace has large dimensions, and requires elevated capital expenditures for outfitting purposes.
  • The proposed utility model resolves the task of eliminating the aforementioned shortcomings using a specific furnace design.
  • According to the technical results obtained, various types of fuel can be optimally combusted, furnace efficiency can be increased, nitrogen oxide emissions can be cut, and furnace dimensions can be cut.
  • The technical results are achieved by virtue of the fact that burners are movably incorporated in the steam generator furnace with a vertical annular combustion chamber consisting of internal and external tubular screens that are designed as concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein the lower portion of their faces accommodates burners tangential to the conditional periphery, and secondary air nozzles, making it possible to regulate the diameter of the conditional periphery within a range of 0.4-0.7 D, where D is the diameter of a periphery entered in the cross section of the prism of the external screen, and the secondary air nozzles are mounted on two tiers over the height of the furnace.
  • The first tier of secondary air nozzles is located at the burner level on the faces of the external screen, while the second tier is situated in the upper portion of the furnace on the faces of the external and internal screens; the nozzles in the first tier are directed in line with the burners, while those in the second run counter to the burners.
  • FIG. 1 presents a vertical section of the claimed furnace, while
  • FIG. 2 shows a section AA of FIG. 1.
    •
  • The furnace contains a combustion chamber 1, external screen 2 and internal screen 3, secondary air nozzles 5 (first tier) and 6 (second tier).
  • The furnace operates as follows.
  • The fuel-air mixture passes through the burners 4 into chamber 1, where they undergo combustion. To provide optimal aerodynamics for the vortical furnace flame that ensure efficient fuel combustion while precluding any active influence of the flame on the screen, the burners are mounted tangentially to some conditional periphery, the diameter of which depends on the physicochemical properties of the fuel.
  • Movably mounting the burners makes it possible to regulate the diameter of the conditional periphery, and thereby optimize the combustion conditions for a specific sort of used fuel. In the proposed device, the range of regulation measures 0.4-0.7 D, where D is the diameter of a periphery entered in the cross section of the prism of the external screen, which ensures an efficient, optimal combustion of coal from practically all known coal deposits.
  • The secondary air nozzles 5 set up on the furnace faces at the burner level create a system of incremental horizontal secondary air supply, which provides the furnace with a symmetrical aerodynamic while eliminating individual grinders and lowering NOx emissions. To minimize the danger of slag formation on the external screens of the furnace and improve conditions for aeromixture combustion, the burners are set up in such a way that the aeromixture jet exits on the side of the flame, while the secondary air jet exits form the external screen.
  • The secondary air nozzles 6 set up in the upper portion of the furnace on the second tier ensure that the residual twists of exiting gases are extinguished, and consequently, that the heating surfaces in the gas duct are uniformly cleaned.
  • In addition, the counter-motion of the recycled air from nozzles 6 effectively lower the temperature of the exiting gases, which further lowers NOx emissions, and also enables a reduction in the number of gas ducts, and ultimately, furnace dimensions.
  • The table below presents comparative technical and economic indices for furnace assemblies based on the proposed furnace and a known furnace.
  • TABLE
    Known boiler furnace,
    Claimed furnace type P-67 (800 MW
    (for 800 MW boiler) Berezovskii GRES unit)
    Surface of heated, 67 100
    all-welded screens, %
    Total heated surface 78 100
    under pressure, %
    Dimensions of boiler, m
    Width along front 27.5 55.0
    Depth 27.5 22.8
    Height 63.0 90.0
    Mass of boiler 96 100
    with frame, %
    Specific volume of 0.811 1.142
    construction for the 71 100
    main body, (m3/kW)/%)
    Cost of structural 60 100
    section, %
    Cost of 1 kW 86 100
    installed power, %
  • An analysis of data on the table shows that using the proposed furnace makes it possible to significantly reduce the weight and dimensional characteristics of the furnace, decrease its metal intensiveness and construction costs, which in the final analysis lowers the specific cost of energy produced.

Claims (6)

1. A steam generator furnace with a vertical annular combustion chamber consisting of external and internal tubular screens that are designed as concentrically mounted, equilateral prisms, wherein the lower portion of the screen face incorporates burners situated tangentially to a conditional periphery, and secondary air nozzles, characterized in that the burners are movably mounted with the capability of regulating the diameter of the conditional periphery, and the secondary air nozzles are arranged over the furnace height in two tiers.
2. The steam generator furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the range of regulation for the conditional periphery measures 0.4-0.7 D, where D is the diameter of the periphery entered in the cross section of the prism of the external screen.
3. The steam generator furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the first tier of secondary air nozzles is located at the burner level on the faces of the external screen.
4. The steam generator furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that the nozzles are directed in line with the burners.
5. The steam generator furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the second tier of secondary air nozzles is situated in the upper portion of the furnace on the faces of the external and internal screens.
6. The steam generator furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that the nozzles run counter to the burners.
US11/921,478 2005-06-03 2005-12-20 Steam-Generator Furnace Abandoned US20090305179A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2005119144 2005-06-03
RU2005119144 2005-06-03
PCT/RU2005/000689 WO2006130041A1 (en) 2005-06-03 2005-12-20 Steam-generator furnace

Publications (1)

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US20090305179A1 true US20090305179A1 (en) 2009-12-10

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EP (1) EP1898150A4 (en)
WO (1) WO2006130041A1 (en)

Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US68706A (en) * 1867-09-10 Improved apparatus for burning petroleum as fuel
US1816434A (en) * 1923-11-06 1931-07-28 Fuller Lehigh Co Apparatus for burning fuel
US2883948A (en) * 1952-08-07 1959-04-28 Babcock & Wilcox Co Combustion chamber with combined pulverized fuel and gas firing
US4294178A (en) * 1979-07-12 1981-10-13 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Tangential firing system
SU953366A1 (en) * 1981-02-02 1982-08-23 Московский Ордена Ленина И Ордена Октябрьской Революции Энергетический Институт Steam boiler fire box
US4672900A (en) * 1983-03-10 1987-06-16 Combustion Engineering, Inc. System for injecting overfire air into a tangentially-fired furnace
US4687436A (en) * 1986-08-05 1987-08-18 Tadao Shigeta Gasified fuel combustion apparatus
US5146858A (en) * 1989-10-03 1992-09-15 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Boiler furnace combustion system
US5199357A (en) * 1991-03-25 1993-04-06 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Furnace firing apparatus and method for burning low volatile fuel
US5441000A (en) * 1994-04-28 1995-08-15 Vatsky; Joel Secondary air distribution system for a furnace
US5461990A (en) * 1994-08-11 1995-10-31 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Mounting and linkage system for burners in a furnace
US5746143A (en) * 1996-02-06 1998-05-05 Vatsky; Joel Combustion system for a coal-fired furnace having an air nozzle for discharging air along the inner surface of a furnace wall
US5899172A (en) * 1997-04-14 1999-05-04 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Separated overfire air injection for dual-chambered furnaces
US6145454A (en) * 1999-11-30 2000-11-14 Duke Energy Corporation Tangentially-fired furnace having reduced NOx emissions
US6260491B1 (en) * 1999-09-13 2001-07-17 Foster Wheeler Corporation Nozzle for feeding combustion providing medium into a furnace
US6269755B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-08-07 Independent Stave Company, Inc. Burners with high turndown ratio
EP1219894A1 (en) * 1998-07-29 2002-07-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulverized coal burner
US20040185401A1 (en) * 2003-03-19 2004-09-23 Goran Moberg Mixing process for combustion furnaces

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU909418A1 (en) * 1980-04-07 1982-02-28 Предприятие "Сибтехэнерго"Производственного Объединения По Наладке,Совершенствованию Технологии И Эксплуатации Электростанций И Сетей "Союзтехэнерго" Boiler vertical fire box
SU1666857A1 (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-07-30 Сибирский Филиал Всесоюзного Теплотехнического Института Им.Ф.Э.Дзержинского Pulverized coal furnace

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US68706A (en) * 1867-09-10 Improved apparatus for burning petroleum as fuel
US1816434A (en) * 1923-11-06 1931-07-28 Fuller Lehigh Co Apparatus for burning fuel
US2883948A (en) * 1952-08-07 1959-04-28 Babcock & Wilcox Co Combustion chamber with combined pulverized fuel and gas firing
US4294178A (en) * 1979-07-12 1981-10-13 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Tangential firing system
US4294178B1 (en) * 1979-07-12 1992-06-02 Combustion Eng
SU953366A1 (en) * 1981-02-02 1982-08-23 Московский Ордена Ленина И Ордена Октябрьской Революции Энергетический Институт Steam boiler fire box
US4672900A (en) * 1983-03-10 1987-06-16 Combustion Engineering, Inc. System for injecting overfire air into a tangentially-fired furnace
US4687436A (en) * 1986-08-05 1987-08-18 Tadao Shigeta Gasified fuel combustion apparatus
US5146858A (en) * 1989-10-03 1992-09-15 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Boiler furnace combustion system
US5199357A (en) * 1991-03-25 1993-04-06 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Furnace firing apparatus and method for burning low volatile fuel
US5441000A (en) * 1994-04-28 1995-08-15 Vatsky; Joel Secondary air distribution system for a furnace
US5461990A (en) * 1994-08-11 1995-10-31 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Mounting and linkage system for burners in a furnace
US5746143A (en) * 1996-02-06 1998-05-05 Vatsky; Joel Combustion system for a coal-fired furnace having an air nozzle for discharging air along the inner surface of a furnace wall
US5899172A (en) * 1997-04-14 1999-05-04 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Separated overfire air injection for dual-chambered furnaces
EP1219894A1 (en) * 1998-07-29 2002-07-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulverized coal burner
US6269755B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-08-07 Independent Stave Company, Inc. Burners with high turndown ratio
US6260491B1 (en) * 1999-09-13 2001-07-17 Foster Wheeler Corporation Nozzle for feeding combustion providing medium into a furnace
US6145454A (en) * 1999-11-30 2000-11-14 Duke Energy Corporation Tangentially-fired furnace having reduced NOx emissions
US20040185401A1 (en) * 2003-03-19 2004-09-23 Goran Moberg Mixing process for combustion furnaces

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EP1898150A4 (en) 2010-08-11
EP1898150A1 (en) 2008-03-12
WO2006130041A1 (en) 2006-12-07

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AS Assignment

Owner name: ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO "KOTES-SIBIR", RU

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SERANT, FELIX ANATOLIEVICH;REEL/FRAME:022869/0160

Effective date: 20080121

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION