US20090259417A1 - Method to calculate energy efficiency of information technology equipment - Google Patents
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- US20090259417A1 US20090259417A1 US12/102,628 US10262808A US2009259417A1 US 20090259417 A1 US20090259417 A1 US 20090259417A1 US 10262808 A US10262808 A US 10262808A US 2009259417 A1 US2009259417 A1 US 2009259417A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 101000613565 Homo sapiens PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 101001113471 Homo sapiens Proteinase-activated receptor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 102100023710 Proteinase-activated receptor 4 Human genes 0.000 description 14
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710162991 PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100040853 PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/008—Reliability or availability analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
- G06Q10/06315—Needs-based resource requirements planning or analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/01—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor in circuits having distributed constants
Definitions
- This present invention relates to power consumption of information technology equipment and specifically servers.
- Servers and other information technology equipment consume large amounts of energy.
- the energy consumption is depending on the load of the server and increases as load increases.
- the energy consumption is significantly different even between equipment that has similar performance characteristics and capabilities.
- Every type of information technology equipment also provides different levels of capacity for the applications that they run, also called performance indicator(s), and typically measured in terms of transactions per second. Such a performance indicator is used to compare different equipment against each other.
- This invention pertains specifically to a method for calculating the energy efficiency of servers and other information technology equipment.
- this invention allows the creation of a consistent and common measurement of performance per energy consuming component over time considering the continued capability improvement of IT equipment as defined by “Moore's Law”.
- this invention gives purchasing guidance based on energy efficiency ratings by comparing equipment not just on features, performance and price but also on their energy efficiency.
- this invention defines a method by which information technology equipment can be compared on their energy efficiency in either an absolute rating or relative to each other in a normalized rating.
- PAR4 rating PAR4 is a trademark of Power Assure, Inc.
- PAR4 rating PAR4 is a trademark of Power Assure, Inc.
- Vintage PAR4 Normalized rating
- this invention allows for normalized ratings to create standards to be achieved by energy efficiency ratings, e.g. Platinum, Gold, Silver, etc. to indicate that equipment is more or less efficient without looking to the detailed normalized rating. Furthermore this invention also claims that normalized ratings can be forecasted for each year in the future. (See FIG. 1 ) The normalized rating for a single piece of equipment will go down over time as its efficiency relative to Moore's Law increases in performance at the same amount of energy use will be lower than new equipment, giving the equipment buyer a chance to determine the optimal time to replace such equipment.
- energy efficiency ratings e.g. Platinum, Gold, Silver, etc.
- Absolute ratings are calculated according to the following formula:
- FIG. 1 shows a normalized rating graph for a single server for today, next year and in the future. As shown, the normalized rating goes down over time as performance should increase by a factor of 2 every 2 years while using the same amount of power—as a result the rating drops by a similar factor every 2 years.
- the present invention fulfills the above described needs in the art by providing a new method to establish energy efficiency ratings for information technology equipment that has many novel features and advantages not offered by the prior art, like:
- the number of transactions per second under full load using all 8 cores (4 cores on each of the 2 processors) is 131,000,000.
- the power consumption at such a load level has been measured as 243 Watt.
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Abstract
Description
- This present invention relates to power consumption of information technology equipment and specifically servers.
- Servers and other information technology equipment consume large amounts of energy. The energy consumption is depending on the load of the server and increases as load increases. Depending on the components used in such information technology equipment, the energy consumption is significantly different even between equipment that has similar performance characteristics and capabilities.
- Furthermore every type of information technology equipment also provides different levels of capacity for the applications that they run, also called performance indicator(s), and typically measured in terms of transactions per second. Such a performance indicator is used to compare different equipment against each other.
- As of today such performance indicators do not include energy efficiency of such equipment relative to said performance.
- While performance ratings by transactions per second are common this invention extends such measures with the associated power consumption to calculate a rating of transactions per watt of power consumption to document the efficiency of the equipment when compared to other equipment.
- Furthermore information technology equipment evolution is based on “Moores Law” that states that computers will double their capacity every 2 years.
- As Wikipedia states: Moore's Law describes an important trend in the history of computer hardware: that the number of transistors that can be inexpensively placed on an integrated circuit is increasing exponentially, doubling approximately every two years. The observation was first made by Intel co-founder Gordon E. Moore in a 1965 paper. The trend has continued for more than half a century and is not expected to stop for another decade at least and perhaps much longer.
- Almost every measure of the capabilities of digital electronic devices is linked to Moore's Law: processing speed, memory capacity, even the resolution of digital cameras. All of these are improving at (roughly) exponential rates as well. This has dramatically increased the usefulness of digital electronics in nearly every segment of the world economy. Moore's Law describes this driving force of technological and social change in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
- Following Moore's Law means that the transactions per Watt of energy consumption will also double every 2 years and as such any rating for information technology equipment that is based on technology innovation that follows Moore's Law has to factor this in to allow for a useful comparison of such equipment relative to its release date.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention pertains specifically to a method for calculating the energy efficiency of servers and other information technology equipment.
- Moreover, this invention allows the creation of a consistent and common measurement of performance per energy consuming component over time considering the continued capability improvement of IT equipment as defined by “Moore's Law”.
- Moreover, this invention gives purchasing guidance based on energy efficiency ratings by comparing equipment not just on features, performance and price but also on their energy efficiency.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- Today there is no common method to compare information technology equipment that includes a component for energy efficiency. Today's benchmarks are usually used to select equipment based on its performance (transactions per second) and not based on its energy efficiency in relation to its performance (transactions per k Wh). While today the best performance is still a fairly common measure, best performance for a said energy consumption is much more meaningful for cost sensitive organizations.
- In view of the limitations of the prior art, this invention defines a method by which information technology equipment can be compared on their energy efficiency in either an absolute rating or relative to each other in a normalized rating.
- Absolute rating (called PAR4 rating—PAR4 is a trademark of Power Assure, Inc.) means transactions per kWh of energy consumption. This number will be higher with each new generation of equipment as their capacity, performance and capabilities increases (See Moore's Law). A higher number represents better energy efficiency by performing more transactions per kWh of energy.
- Normalized rating (called Vintage PAR4) means a number relative to a defined date in the past, normalized against performance increases as expected by Moore's Law. This means that every two years the number of transactions per kWh has to double to achieve the same normalized rating.
- Furthermore this invention allows for normalized ratings to create standards to be achieved by energy efficiency ratings, e.g. Platinum, Gold, Silver, etc. to indicate that equipment is more or less efficient without looking to the detailed normalized rating. Furthermore this invention also claims that normalized ratings can be forecasted for each year in the future. (See
FIG. 1 ) The normalized rating for a single piece of equipment will go down over time as its efficiency relative to Moore's Law increases in performance at the same amount of energy use will be lower than new equipment, giving the equipment buyer a chance to determine the optimal time to replace such equipment. - Furthermore the method presented in this innovation calculates all ratings on a logarithmic scale to be in line with Moore's Law which is defined by exponential growth. Absolute ratings (PAR4) are calculated according to the following formula:
-
PAR4=log2(tps/watt)*100 - With tps being transactions per second
-
- watt being watt of power consumption at 100% load
- Normalized ratings are calculated according to the following formula:
-
Vintage PAR4=log2(tps/(watt*proc*2(cyr-nsyr)/mly))*100 - With tps being transactions per second,
-
- watt being watt of power consumption at 100% load,
- proc being the number of processors (not cores within a processor),
- cyr being the current year,
- nsyr being the start year of the normalization
- mly being the number of years per Moore's law for said equipment for a 2 times performance increase
- Using both calculations can easily classify equipment on their energy efficiency either in absolute terms or relative to past and future equipment. While this invention does not limit the precision of the resulting rating, the examples used will show integer values without decimals.
-
FIG. 1 shows a normalized rating graph for a single server for today, next year and in the future. As shown, the normalized rating goes down over time as performance should increase by a factor of 2 every 2 years while using the same amount of power—as a result the rating drops by a similar factor every 2 years. - In one aspect, the present invention fulfills the above described needs in the art by providing a new method to establish energy efficiency ratings for information technology equipment that has many novel features and advantages not offered by the prior art, like:
-
- 1. A method to calculate a PAR4 rating as an absolute rating of said equipment's energy efficiency in terms of transactions per kWh.
- 2. A method to calculate a Vintage PAR4 rating as a normalized rating of said equipment's energy efficiency adjusted by Moore's Law improvements in performance and efficiencies.
- The result is a new method for energy efficiency rating of information technology equipment, which is not apparent, obvious, or suggested, either directly or indirectly by any of the prior art.
- Using this method to rate information technology equipment will show easy comparison in absolute ratings and normalized ratings. As an example the following server will be used to demonstrate the use of this invention:
- Server:
- Supermicro with dual Intel Xeon X5450 Quad Core, 100 GB Hard disk, 2 GB Memory
- The number of transactions per second under full load using all 8 cores (4 cores on each of the 2 processors) is 131,000,000. The power consumption at such a load level has been measured as 243 Watt.
-
PAR4=int(log2(131,000,000/243)*100)=1904 - If the same server would run less transactions per second e.g. 50,000,000 the par4 rating would be lower as well:
-
PAR4=int(log2(50,000,000/243)*100)=1765 - (Note: Integer adjustments done to get rounded down numbers)
- Calculating the normalized rating for the
year 2008 based on a historic date of 2000 will look like this: -
Vintage PAR4=int(log2(131000000/(243*2*2(2280-2000)/2))*100=1404 - For 2009 the same server would get a Vintage PAR4 normalized rating of:
-
Vintage PAR4=int(log2(131000000/(243*2*2(2009-2000)/2))*100=1354 - For 2010 the same server would get a Vintage PAR4 normalized rating of:
-
Vintage PAR4=int(log2(131000000/(243*2*2(2120-2000)/2))*100=1304
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (3)
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US12/102,628 US7970561B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2008-04-14 | Method to calculate energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
US13/156,189 US8571820B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2011-06-08 | Method for calculating energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
US14/064,571 US20140052493A1 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2013-10-28 | Method for calculating energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
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US12/102,628 US7970561B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2008-04-14 | Method to calculate energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
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US13/156,189 Continuation US8571820B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2011-06-08 | Method for calculating energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
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US20090259417A1 true US20090259417A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
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US13/156,189 Active US8571820B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2011-06-08 | Method for calculating energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
US14/064,571 Abandoned US20140052493A1 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2013-10-28 | Method for calculating energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
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US14/064,571 Abandoned US20140052493A1 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2013-10-28 | Method for calculating energy efficiency of information technology equipment |
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Cited By (3)
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US20080281736A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-11-13 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | Byte-based method, process and algorithm for service-oriented and utility infrastructure usage measurement, metering, and pricing |
US20120182904A1 (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-19 | Shah Amip J | System and method for component substitution |
CN105823924A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-08-03 | 上海宽带技术及应用工程研究中心 | Integrated cabinet server energy efficiency testing circuit and method |
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2013
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US20080281736A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-11-13 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | Byte-based method, process and algorithm for service-oriented and utility infrastructure usage measurement, metering, and pricing |
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US20110238342A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
US7970561B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
US20140052493A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
US8571820B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
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