US20090107064A1 - Fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction - Google Patents
Fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090107064A1 US20090107064A1 US11/930,315 US93031507A US2009107064A1 US 20090107064 A1 US20090107064 A1 US 20090107064A1 US 93031507 A US93031507 A US 93031507A US 2009107064 A1 US2009107064 A1 US 2009107064A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- separation wall
- area separation
- outer membranes
- wall according
- interior support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009436 residential construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009781 safety test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
- E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
- E04B2/7411—Details for fire protection
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a structure having a fire resistance rated, area separation wall and, more particularly, to a fire resistance rated, area separation wall for a structure which also provides acoustic attenuation and thermal resistance without adversely affecting the fire resistance of the area separation wall.
- Multi-family residential constructions typically include a separation wall constructed of wood members and having a material barrier between the units. These wood members may include dual two-by-four framing with a drywall surface on both sides of the framing. In most cases, this type of construction requires that the drywall be attached to the interior surface of the framing before the framing is placed upright to serve as a wall. After the framing is placed upright, insulation material may be positioned in the framing, and later an additional drywall membrane is fastened to the outside of the framing to complete an interior wall. This process is expensive, labor-intensive and time consuming.
- Another purpose of such a dual membrane construction of an area separation wall is to provide improved acoustic and thermal resistance.
- a structure having an area separation wall including a first and second building units and an area separation wall having at least one outer membrane.
- an area separation wall that provides acoustic attenuation and improved thermal resistance without adversely affecting the fire resistance of the area separation wall.
- the present invention is directed to a structure having an area separation wall including: a first building unit; a second building unit; and an area separation wall having only outer membranes.
- the area separation wall provides improved fire, thermal, and sound resistance.
- the outer membranes provide acoustic attenuation without adversely affecting the fire resistance of the area separation wall.
- the area separation wall includes: an interior support structure; at least one outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure, the outer membranes providing acoustic attenuation; and a substantially organic thermal material barrier between the outer membranes.
- the structure may further include a tying structure connecting the area separation wall to the first unit and the second unit.
- the tying structure may include a top plate attached to the top edge of said area separation wall and a bottom plate attached to the bottom edge of said area separation wall.
- the tying structure and said top plate may form a double top plate.
- the top plate and said bottom plate may be less than about 10 feet apart.
- the first building unit is an occupiable space and the occupiable space is residential.
- the residential occupiable space may be a town home.
- the second building unit may be an occupiable space.
- the occupiable space is residential.
- the residential occupiable space is a town home.
- the interior support structure may include at least two structural interior support members.
- the structural interior support members may include a plurality of vertical members.
- the plurality of vertical members may be spaced apart.
- the plurality of vertical members are spaced apart no more than about 24 inches.
- the plurality of vertical members are 2 ⁇ 4 wood.
- the plurality of vertical members may be 2 ⁇ 4 metal.
- the plurality of vertical members may be 2 ⁇ 10 or less thickness dimension of a material selected from the group consisting of wood, metal, other materials, and combinations thereof.
- the plurality of vertical members further include cross bracing at about the mid height of said plurality of vertical members. There may be a physical gap between said structural interior support members.
- the outer membranes are fire resistant wallboard.
- the fire resistant wallboard is a gypsum wallboard (GWB) Type X or Type C as defined in ASTM C11.
- the gypsum wallboard conforms to ASTM Test C-36-96.
- the substantially organic material barrier is selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, granular material, pellet material, aggregated material, agglomerated material, closed cell foam, open cell foam, fire retardants, binders and mixtures thereof.
- the substantially organic material barrier may be a natural material.
- the natural material is cellulosic.
- the substantially organic material barrier includes an inorganic material.
- the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of fiberglass, rock wool, pearlite, mineral wool, asbestos, cementitious materials, fire retardants, binders, and mixtures thereof.
- the substantially organic material barrier is an acoustically transmission resistive material.
- outer membranes there are an unequal number of like outer membranes.
- the outer membranes may be of unequal thickness.
- the outer membranes may be made of unlike materials. In an embodiment, the outer membranes may be made of unlike materials and are of unequal thickness.
- one aspect of the present invention is to provide a structure having an area separation wall.
- the structure may include: a first building unit; a second building unit; and an area separation wall having only outer membranes, the outer membranes also providing acoustic attenuation.
- the area separation wall provides improved fire, thermal and sound resistance and combinations thereof.
- the area separation wall may include: an interior support structure; and at least one outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure.
- the outer membranes provide acoustic attenuation; and a substantially organic material barrier between the outer membranes.
- the area separation wall also provides improved fire, thermal and sound resistance and combinations thereof.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a structure having an area separation wall.
- the structure may include: a first building unit; a second building unit; and an area separation wall.
- the area separation wall may include: (i) an interior support structure; (ii) at least one outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure, and (iii) a substantially organic material barrier between the outer membranes; and a tying structure connecting the fire resistance rated, area separation wall to the first unit and the second unit.
- the outer membranes may provide acoustic attenuation.
- the area separation wall also provides improved fire, thermal and sound resistance and combinations thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a structure having an area separation wall constructed according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the area separation wall for a structure shown in FIG. 1 including a tying structure;
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the area separation wall for a structure shown in FIG. 1 without a tying structure;
- FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the area separation wall for a structure shown in FIG. 1 without a tying structure and with an additional outer membrane on a side of the area separation wall;
- FIG. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of the area separation wall for a structure shown in FIG. 1 without a tying structure and with an additional outer membrane on each side of the area separation wall;
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional, side view of the confined space showing the organic material between the outer membranes in locations where an interior support structure is not located.
- improved fire, sound or thermal resistance refers to a measurable increase in fire resistance, sound resistance or thermal resistance when comparing the present invention with only outer membranes to a conventional area separation walls as described herein.
- low-conductivity “thermally resistive”, “acoustically transmission resistant”, “electrically non-conductive”, and the like are relative to conventional area separation walls which are composed of more than outer membranes.
- FIG. 1 a structure having an area separation wall, generally designated 10 , is shown constructed according to the present invention.
- the area separation wall is a fire resistance rated, area separation wall. More preferably, the fire resistance rated, area separation wall is a 21 ⁇ 2, 3, 31 ⁇ 2 or 4 hour or longer rated firewall according to ASTM E119-2003.
- the structure having an area separation wall includes a first building unit 12 and a second building unit 14 . Additional building units 16 may also be part of the structure 10 .
- the first building unit 12 and second building units 14 may be occupiable spaces, which may be residentially occupiable spaces, such as town homes.
- a town house is generally defined by the 2000 International Residential Code as a single-family dwelling unit constructed as a group of three or more attached units in which each unit extends from foundation to roof with open space on at least two sides.
- An area separation wall 18 constructed according to the present invention, is located between each building unit 12 , 14 , 16 .
- FIG. 2 is a side view of one embodiment of the area separation wall 18 including an interior support structure 22 having at least one outer membrane 24 on each side of the interior support structure 22 , and a material barrier 26 between the outer membranes 24 .
- the outer membranes are on the outside of the wall studs rather than having a membrane on each side of both wall studs.
- the material barrier 26 is a substantially organic material barrier.
- the interior support structure 22 includes at least two structurally independent interior support members 28 .
- the structurally independent interior support members 28 include a plurality of vertical members such as conventional 2 ⁇ 4.
- the 2 ⁇ 4 may be made of wood or metal.
- the plurality of vertical members may be 2 ⁇ 10 or less thickness dimension and constructed of wood, metal, or other materials.
- the plurality of vertical members may be spaced apart less than about 24 inches and may include cross bracing 30 at about their mid height.
- the area separation wall 18 includes a physical gap 32 between the structurally independent interior support members 28 .
- the plurality of vertical members may be staggered to aid in acoustic transmission resistance.
- wall studs can act as a conduit for acoustic transmission. However, by staggering the wall studs, acoustic transmission resistance is increased.
- a tying structure 34 connects the first unit 12 and the second unit 14 .
- the tying structure 34 may be a conventional 2 ⁇ 8.
- the tying structure is overlaid top plates 37 that is attached to the top edge of the interior support members 28 .
- a bottom plate 36 is attached to the bottom edge of the interior support members 28 .
- the maximum height of the area separation wall preferably is 10 feet, whereupon another wall would begin.
- other tying structures may be used.
- other tying structures may be necessary where the occupiable spaces are staggered either horizontally or vertically.
- other membrane configurations may exist where, for example, part of the fire rated area separation wall is exposed as an exterior wall on one side, and not exposed, or as an interior wall, on the other side. Such a configuration may occur when two adjoining town homes or other structures connected to either side of a fire rated area separation wall are staggered vertically or horizontally, thus exposing part of the wall to the exterior environment on one side with no exterior exposure on the other side. This would likely result in the membranes on the exterior side consisting of exterior cladding, building paper and other materials not normally associated with fire wall construction and performance.
- the outer membranes 24 preferably are a fire resistant wallboard, including Type X or Type C gypsum wallboard (GWB) as defined in ASTM C11.
- the gypsum wallboard preferably conforms to ASTM Test C-36-96.
- other types of wallboard may be used.
- a single outer membrane may be placed on either side of the interior support structure.
- two or more outer membranes may be placed on either side of the interior support structure.
- unequal numbers of outer membranes may be placed on either side of the interior support structure.
- a single outer membrane 24 may be placed on one side of the interior support structure.
- two or more outer membranes 24 may be placed on each side of the interior support structure.
- the use of multiple outer membranes 24 on each side of the interior support structure aids in acoustic transmission resistance, fire resistance and thermal resistance.
- the outer membranes may be of unequal thicknesses on either side of the interior support structure.
- the outer membrane on either side of the interior support structure may be of different materials.
- the substantially organic material barrier 26 between the outer membranes 24 may be selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, granular material, pellet material, aggregated material, agglomerated material, closed cell foam, open cell foam, fire retardants, binders and mixtures thereof.
- the substantially organic material barrier 26 may be a natural material.
- the natural material may be cellulosic.
- the substantially organic material barrier 26 may be an acoustically transmission resistant material.
- the substantially organic material barrier 26 may also include inorganic materials.
- the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of fiberglass, rock wool, pearlite, mineral wool, asbestos, cementitious materials, fire retardants, binders, and mixtures thereof.
- the substantially organic material barrier completely fills the area between the outer membranes.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the preferred embodiment of the area separation wall 18 that does not include a tying structure 34 connecting the first unit 12 and the second unit 14 .
- the area separation wall 18 described in FIG. 3 includes a separate top plate 37 attached to another top plate 37 that is attached to the top edge of the interior support members 28 .
- a bottom plate 36 is attached to the bottom edge of the interior support members 28 .
- the maximum height of the area separation wall preferably is 10 feet, whereupon another wall would begin.
- the top of the area separation wall can be formed either by a top plate 37 overlaid with a tying structure 34 or by a top plate 37 overlaid with a second top plate 37 separated by an inch.
- a top plate 37 overlaid with a tying structure 34
- a second top plate 37 separated by an inch.
- the material barrier 26 may completely fill the area between the outer membranes 24 as well as the area between the interior support structure 22 as seen in FIG. 2 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- (1) Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to a structure having a fire resistance rated, area separation wall and, more particularly, to a fire resistance rated, area separation wall for a structure which also provides acoustic attenuation and thermal resistance without adversely affecting the fire resistance of the area separation wall.
- (2) Description of the Prior Art
- Multi-family residential constructions typically include a separation wall constructed of wood members and having a material barrier between the units. These wood members may include dual two-by-four framing with a drywall surface on both sides of the framing. In most cases, this type of construction requires that the drywall be attached to the interior surface of the framing before the framing is placed upright to serve as a wall. After the framing is placed upright, insulation material may be positioned in the framing, and later an additional drywall membrane is fastened to the outside of the framing to complete an interior wall. This process is expensive, labor-intensive and time consuming.
- One purpose of such a dual membrane construction of an area separation wall is to provide a fire resistance separation between adjacent spaces to meet federal, state and local regulations concerning the fire resistance of such a construction. Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL), an independent, not-for-profit product safety testing and certification organization, has been testing products for public safety for more than a century. Because UL has an undisputed reputation as the leader in U.S. product safety and certification, it is advantageous to obtain classification of a building product by UL. One UL test, ANSI/UL 263 (ASTM E119 and NFPA 251), involves rating such a separation wall for fire resistance. If a separation wall including only outer membranes could be developed that is sufficiently fire resistant to gain UL classification for more than two hours, such a separation wall would be less costly to construct than a conventional separation wall. Additionally, there is a need for providing walls that provide acoustic attenuation, especially as more and more condominiums and townhouses having shared walls are built.
- Another purpose of such a dual membrane construction of an area separation wall is to provide improved acoustic and thermal resistance.
- Thus, there is a need for a structure having an area separation wall, the structure including a first and second building units and an area separation wall having at least one outer membrane. There is also a need for an area separation wall that provides acoustic attenuation and improved thermal resistance without adversely affecting the fire resistance of the area separation wall.
- The present invention is directed to a structure having an area separation wall including: a first building unit; a second building unit; and an area separation wall having only outer membranes. The area separation wall provides improved fire, thermal, and sound resistance. The outer membranes provide acoustic attenuation without adversely affecting the fire resistance of the area separation wall.
- In an embodiment, the area separation wall includes: an interior support structure; at least one outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure, the outer membranes providing acoustic attenuation; and a substantially organic thermal material barrier between the outer membranes. The structure may further include a tying structure connecting the area separation wall to the first unit and the second unit.
- In an embodiment, the tying structure may include a top plate attached to the top edge of said area separation wall and a bottom plate attached to the bottom edge of said area separation wall. The tying structure and said top plate may form a double top plate. The top plate and said bottom plate may be less than about 10 feet apart.
- In an embodiment, the first building unit is an occupiable space and the occupiable space is residential. The residential occupiable space may be a town home. The second building unit may be an occupiable space. In an embodiment, the occupiable space is residential. The residential occupiable space is a town home.
- The interior support structure may include at least two structural interior support members. The structural interior support members may include a plurality of vertical members. The plurality of vertical members may be spaced apart. The plurality of vertical members are spaced apart no more than about 24 inches. Preferably, the plurality of vertical members are 2×4 wood. The plurality of vertical members may be 2×4 metal.
- The plurality of vertical members may be 2×10 or less thickness dimension of a material selected from the group consisting of wood, metal, other materials, and combinations thereof. The plurality of vertical members further include cross bracing at about the mid height of said plurality of vertical members. There may be a physical gap between said structural interior support members.
- In a preferred embodiment, the outer membranes are fire resistant wallboard. Preferably, the fire resistant wallboard is a gypsum wallboard (GWB) Type X or Type C as defined in ASTM C11. The gypsum wallboard conforms to ASTM Test C-36-96. Preferably, the substantially organic material barrier is selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, granular material, pellet material, aggregated material, agglomerated material, closed cell foam, open cell foam, fire retardants, binders and mixtures thereof. The substantially organic material barrier may be a natural material. The natural material is cellulosic. In an embodiment, the substantially organic material barrier includes an inorganic material. The inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of fiberglass, rock wool, pearlite, mineral wool, asbestos, cementitious materials, fire retardants, binders, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the substantially organic material barrier is an acoustically transmission resistive material.
- In an embodiment, there are an unequal number of like outer membranes. The outer membranes may be of unequal thickness. The outer membranes may be made of unlike materials. In an embodiment, the outer membranes may be made of unlike materials and are of unequal thickness.
- Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a structure having an area separation wall. The structure may include: a first building unit; a second building unit; and an area separation wall having only outer membranes, the outer membranes also providing acoustic attenuation. The area separation wall provides improved fire, thermal and sound resistance and combinations thereof.
- Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an area separation wall for a structure. The area separation wall may include: an interior support structure; and at least one outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure. The outer membranes provide acoustic attenuation; and a substantially organic material barrier between the outer membranes. The area separation wall also provides improved fire, thermal and sound resistance and combinations thereof.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a structure having an area separation wall. The structure may include: a first building unit; a second building unit; and an area separation wall. The area separation wall may include: (i) an interior support structure; (ii) at least one outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure, and (iii) a substantially organic material barrier between the outer membranes; and a tying structure connecting the fire resistance rated, area separation wall to the first unit and the second unit. The outer membranes may provide acoustic attenuation. The area separation wall also provides improved fire, thermal and sound resistance and combinations thereof.
- These and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after a reading of the following description of the preferred embodiment when considered with the drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a structure having an area separation wall constructed according to the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a side view of the area separation wall for a structure shown inFIG. 1 including a tying structure; -
FIG. 3 is a side view of the area separation wall for a structure shown inFIG. 1 without a tying structure; -
FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the area separation wall for a structure shown inFIG. 1 without a tying structure and with an additional outer membrane on a side of the area separation wall; -
FIG. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of the area separation wall for a structure shown inFIG. 1 without a tying structure and with an additional outer membrane on each side of the area separation wall; and -
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional, side view of the confined space showing the organic material between the outer membranes in locations where an interior support structure is not located. - In the following description, like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views. Also in the following description, it is to be understood that such terms as “forward,” “rearward,” “left,” “right,” “upwardly,” “downwardly,” and the like are words of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms.
- As used herein “improved” fire, sound or thermal resistance refers to a measurable increase in fire resistance, sound resistance or thermal resistance when comparing the present invention with only outer membranes to a conventional area separation walls as described herein. Moreover, “low-conductivity”, “thermally resistive”, “acoustically transmission resistant”, “electrically non-conductive”, and the like are relative to conventional area separation walls which are composed of more than outer membranes.
- Referring now to the drawings in general and
FIG. 1 in particular, it will be understood that the illustrations are for the purpose of describing a preferred embodiment of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention thereto. As best seen inFIG. 1 , a structure having an area separation wall, generally designated 10, is shown constructed according to the present invention. In the preferred embodiment, the area separation wall is a fire resistance rated, area separation wall. More preferably, the fire resistance rated, area separation wall is a 2½, 3, 3½ or 4 hour or longer rated firewall according to ASTM E119-2003. - The structure having an area separation wall includes a
first building unit 12 and asecond building unit 14.Additional building units 16 may also be part of thestructure 10. Thefirst building unit 12 andsecond building units 14 may be occupiable spaces, which may be residentially occupiable spaces, such as town homes. A town house is generally defined by the 2000 International Residential Code as a single-family dwelling unit constructed as a group of three or more attached units in which each unit extends from foundation to roof with open space on at least two sides. Anarea separation wall 18, constructed according to the present invention, is located between eachbuilding unit -
FIG. 2 is a side view of one embodiment of thearea separation wall 18 including aninterior support structure 22 having at least oneouter membrane 24 on each side of theinterior support structure 22, and amaterial barrier 26 between theouter membranes 24. - In an embodiment, there are only outer membranes. In other words, the outer membranes are on the outside of the wall studs rather than having a membrane on each side of both wall studs.
- In a preferred embodiment, the
material barrier 26 is a substantially organic material barrier. - The
interior support structure 22 includes at least two structurally independentinterior support members 28. The structurally independentinterior support members 28 include a plurality of vertical members such as conventional 2×4. The 2×4 may be made of wood or metal. Alternatively, the plurality of vertical members may be 2×10 or less thickness dimension and constructed of wood, metal, or other materials. The plurality of vertical members may be spaced apart less than about 24 inches and may include cross bracing 30 at about their mid height. Thearea separation wall 18 includes aphysical gap 32 between the structurally independentinterior support members 28. The plurality of vertical members may be staggered to aid in acoustic transmission resistance. - Sound travels as a compression wave through air. When sound strikes a barrier such as a wall, vibrations occur. Thus, wall studs can act as a conduit for acoustic transmission. However, by staggering the wall studs, acoustic transmission resistance is increased.
- A tying
structure 34 connects thefirst unit 12 and thesecond unit 14. The tyingstructure 34 may be a conventional 2×8. The tying structure is overlaidtop plates 37 that is attached to the top edge of theinterior support members 28. Abottom plate 36 is attached to the bottom edge of theinterior support members 28. Also, the maximum height of the area separation wall preferably is 10 feet, whereupon another wall would begin. - In other embodiments, other tying structures may be used. For instance, other tying structures may be necessary where the occupiable spaces are staggered either horizontally or vertically. Also, other membrane configurations may exist where, for example, part of the fire rated area separation wall is exposed as an exterior wall on one side, and not exposed, or as an interior wall, on the other side. Such a configuration may occur when two adjoining town homes or other structures connected to either side of a fire rated area separation wall are staggered vertically or horizontally, thus exposing part of the wall to the exterior environment on one side with no exterior exposure on the other side. This would likely result in the membranes on the exterior side consisting of exterior cladding, building paper and other materials not normally associated with fire wall construction and performance.
- The
outer membranes 24 preferably are a fire resistant wallboard, including Type X or Type C gypsum wallboard (GWB) as defined in ASTM C11. The gypsum wallboard preferably conforms to ASTM Test C-36-96. However, other types of wallboard may be used. A single outer membrane may be placed on either side of the interior support structure. However, as seen inFIG. 5 , two or more outer membranes may be placed on either side of the interior support structure. As seen inFIG. 4 , unequal numbers of outer membranes may be placed on either side of the interior support structure. For instance, a singleouter membrane 24 may be placed on one side of the interior support structure. In a preferred embodiment, two or moreouter membranes 24 may be placed on each side of the interior support structure. The use of multipleouter membranes 24 on each side of the interior support structure aids in acoustic transmission resistance, fire resistance and thermal resistance. - The outer membranes may be of unequal thicknesses on either side of the interior support structure. In an embodiment, the outer membrane on either side of the interior support structure may be of different materials.
- The substantially
organic material barrier 26 between theouter membranes 24 may be selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, granular material, pellet material, aggregated material, agglomerated material, closed cell foam, open cell foam, fire retardants, binders and mixtures thereof. The substantiallyorganic material barrier 26 may be a natural material. The natural material may be cellulosic. The substantiallyorganic material barrier 26 may be an acoustically transmission resistant material. - The substantially
organic material barrier 26 may also include inorganic materials. The inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of fiberglass, rock wool, pearlite, mineral wool, asbestos, cementitious materials, fire retardants, binders, and mixtures thereof. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 6 , the substantially organic material barrier completely fills the area between the outer membranes. -
FIG. 3 is a side view of the preferred embodiment of thearea separation wall 18 that does not include a tyingstructure 34 connecting thefirst unit 12 and thesecond unit 14. Instead, thearea separation wall 18 described inFIG. 3 includes a separatetop plate 37 attached to anothertop plate 37 that is attached to the top edge of theinterior support members 28. In both embodiments, abottom plate 36 is attached to the bottom edge of theinterior support members 28. Also, in both embodiments, the maximum height of the area separation wall preferably is 10 feet, whereupon another wall would begin. - As can be seen, the top of the area separation wall can be formed either by a
top plate 37 overlaid with a tyingstructure 34 or by atop plate 37 overlaid with a secondtop plate 37 separated by an inch. Thus, there are two configurations. One is with a singletop plate 37 and a tyingstructure 34 that joins the two walls (shown inFIG. 2 ) and the other is two separate top plates with a space between them (shown inFIG. 3 ). In either case, this results in a double top plate being formed. - As best seen in
FIG. 6 , thematerial barrier 26 may completely fill the area between theouter membranes 24 as well as the area between theinterior support structure 22 as seen inFIG. 2 . - Certain modifications and improvements will occur to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the foregoing description. It should be understood that all such modifications and improvements have been deleted herein for the sake of conciseness and readability but are properly within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (25)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/930,315 US20090107064A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction |
CA002642214A CA2642214A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2008-10-29 | Improved fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/930,315 US20090107064A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090107064A1 true US20090107064A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
Family
ID=40581046
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/930,315 Abandoned US20090107064A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090107064A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2642214A1 (en) |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014118777A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-30 | Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd | Dry-type wall structure |
US20160376787A1 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-12-29 | Ibacos, Inc. | Mineral Wool Wall System |
WO2017106785A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Certainteed Gypsum, Inc. | System, method and apparatus for substantially airtight area separation wall |
FR3048988A1 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-22 | Arteck | WOOD WALL MODULE, AND ASSOCIATED ASSEMBLY METHOD |
US10053871B2 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2018-08-21 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Unbonded loosefill insulation |
WO2018177799A1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Rockwool International A/S | A partition wall |
US10260232B1 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-04-16 | M-Fire Supression, Inc. | Methods of designing and constructing Class-A fire-protected multi-story wood-framed buildings |
US10290004B1 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2019-05-14 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Supply chain management system for supplying clean fire inhibiting chemical (CFIC) totes to a network of wood-treating lumber and prefabrication panel factories and wood-framed building construction job sites |
US10311444B1 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-06-04 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Method of providing class-A fire-protection to wood-framed buildings using on-site spraying of clean fire inhibiting chemical liquid on exposed interior wood surfaces of the wood-framed buildings, and mobile computing systems for uploading fire-protection certifications and status information to a central database and remote access thereof by firefighters on job site locations during fire outbreaks on construction sites |
US20190178046A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-13 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Anti-settling Apparatus and Method and Apparatus for Checking the Same, and Apparatus for Preventing Settlement of Well |
US10332222B1 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-06-25 | M-Fire Supression, Inc. | Just-in-time factory methods, system and network for prefabricating class-A fire-protected wood-framed buildings and components used to construct the same |
US10430757B2 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-10-01 | N-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Mass timber building factory system for producing prefabricated class-A fire-protected mass timber building components for use in constructing prefabricated class-A fire-protected mass timber buildings |
US11395931B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2022-07-26 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of and system network for managing the application of fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition |
US11400324B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2022-08-02 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of protecting life, property, homes and businesses from wild fire by proactively applying environmentally-clean anti-fire (AF) chemical liquid spray in advance of wild fire arrival and managed using a wireless network with GPS-tracking |
US11421417B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2022-08-23 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint component and wall assembly |
US11466449B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2022-10-11 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall and ceiling system |
US11560712B2 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2023-01-24 | Cemco, Llc | Two-piece track system |
US11826592B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2023-11-28 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Process of forming strategic chemical-type wildfire breaks on ground surfaces to proactively prevent fire ignition and flame spread, and reduce the production of smoke in the presence of a wild fire |
US11865390B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean water-based fire inhibiting biochemical compositions, and methods of and apparatus for applying the same to protect property against wildfire |
US11865394B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean biodegradable water-based concentrates for producing fire inhibiting and fire extinguishing liquids for fighting class A and class B fires |
US11873636B2 (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2024-01-16 | Cemco, Llc | Fire or sound blocking components and wall assemblies with fire or sound blocking components |
US11891800B2 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2024-02-06 | Cemco, Llc | Wall joint or sound block component and wall assemblies |
US11896859B2 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2024-02-13 | Cemco, Llc | Wall gap fire block device, system and method |
US11898346B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2024-02-13 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated joint system |
US11905705B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2024-02-20 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated wall construction product |
US11911643B2 (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2024-02-27 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean fire inhibiting and extinguishing compositions and products for sorbing flammable liquids while inhibiting ignition and extinguishing fire |
US11920343B2 (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2024-03-05 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated wall joint component and related assemblies |
US11920344B2 (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2024-03-05 | Cemco, Llc | Two-piece deflection drift angle |
US11933042B2 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2024-03-19 | Cemco, Llc | Mechanically fastened firestop flute plug |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2009619A (en) * | 1932-04-07 | 1935-07-30 | Johns Manville | Thermal insulating material and method of making the same |
US2844779A (en) * | 1954-03-31 | 1958-07-22 | Ernst F W Alexanderson | Magnetic amplifier motor control system |
US3300919A (en) * | 1964-02-10 | 1967-01-31 | Us Plywood Corp | Movable fireproof wall and joint |
US3415026A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1968-12-10 | Kaiser Gypsum Company Inc | Building of gypsum structural wall elements |
US3908062A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-09-23 | United States Gypsum Co | Fire-resistant, composite panel and method of making same |
US4464877A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-08-14 | Ryan Homes, Inc. | Method of assembling multi-unit, party wall residential buildings and fire-resistant party wall structure |
US4658557A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1987-04-21 | Mulford Cass E | Building wall construction |
US5941034A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-08-24 | Frankfurt; Eric S. | Multi-story apartment building with breezeway |
US5953833A (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1999-09-21 | Research, Incorporated | Coating dryer system |
US6532710B2 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2003-03-18 | Leonard R. Terry | Solid monolithic concrete insulated wall system |
US6651393B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-11-25 | Lorwood Properties, Inc. | Construction system for manufactured housing units |
US6901713B2 (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2005-06-07 | Erich Jason Axsom | Multipurpose composite wallboard panel |
-
2007
- 2007-10-31 US US11/930,315 patent/US20090107064A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-10-29 CA CA002642214A patent/CA2642214A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2009619A (en) * | 1932-04-07 | 1935-07-30 | Johns Manville | Thermal insulating material and method of making the same |
US2844779A (en) * | 1954-03-31 | 1958-07-22 | Ernst F W Alexanderson | Magnetic amplifier motor control system |
US3300919A (en) * | 1964-02-10 | 1967-01-31 | Us Plywood Corp | Movable fireproof wall and joint |
US3415026A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1968-12-10 | Kaiser Gypsum Company Inc | Building of gypsum structural wall elements |
US3908062A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-09-23 | United States Gypsum Co | Fire-resistant, composite panel and method of making same |
US4464877A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-08-14 | Ryan Homes, Inc. | Method of assembling multi-unit, party wall residential buildings and fire-resistant party wall structure |
US4658557A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1987-04-21 | Mulford Cass E | Building wall construction |
US5953833A (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1999-09-21 | Research, Incorporated | Coating dryer system |
US5941034A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-08-24 | Frankfurt; Eric S. | Multi-story apartment building with breezeway |
US6532710B2 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2003-03-18 | Leonard R. Terry | Solid monolithic concrete insulated wall system |
US6651393B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-11-25 | Lorwood Properties, Inc. | Construction system for manufactured housing units |
US6901713B2 (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2005-06-07 | Erich Jason Axsom | Multipurpose composite wallboard panel |
Cited By (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11560712B2 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2023-01-24 | Cemco, Llc | Two-piece track system |
US11773587B2 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2023-10-03 | Cemco, Llc | Two-piece track system |
US11466449B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2022-10-11 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall and ceiling system |
US11802404B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2023-10-31 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated wall and ceiling system |
US11896859B2 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2024-02-13 | Cemco, Llc | Wall gap fire block device, system and method |
US11905705B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2024-02-20 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated wall construction product |
US11898346B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2024-02-13 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated joint system |
JP2014118777A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-30 | Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd | Dry-type wall structure |
US10851543B2 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2020-12-01 | Ibacos, Inc. | Mineral wool wall system |
US11891799B2 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2024-02-06 | Ibacos, Inc. | Mineral wool wall system |
US20160376787A1 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-12-29 | Ibacos, Inc. | Mineral Wool Wall System |
US11149432B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2021-10-19 | Certainteed Gypsum, Inc. | System, method and apparatus for substantially airtight area separation wall |
WO2017106785A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Certainteed Gypsum, Inc. | System, method and apparatus for substantially airtight area separation wall |
US10053871B2 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2018-08-21 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Unbonded loosefill insulation |
FR3048988A1 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-22 | Arteck | WOOD WALL MODULE, AND ASSOCIATED ASSEMBLY METHOD |
WO2018177799A1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Rockwool International A/S | A partition wall |
US11035119B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2021-06-15 | Rockwool International A/S | Partition wall |
RU2758813C2 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2021-11-02 | Роквул Интернэшнл А/С | Separation wall |
US11642555B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-05-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Wireless wildfire defense system network for proactively defending homes and neighborhoods against wild fires by spraying environmentally-clean anti-fire chemical liquid on property and buildings and forming GPS-tracked and mapped chemical fire breaks about the property |
US10311444B1 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-06-04 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Method of providing class-A fire-protection to wood-framed buildings using on-site spraying of clean fire inhibiting chemical liquid on exposed interior wood surfaces of the wood-framed buildings, and mobile computing systems for uploading fire-protection certifications and status information to a central database and remote access thereof by firefighters on job site locations during fire outbreaks on construction sites |
US11400324B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2022-08-02 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of protecting life, property, homes and businesses from wild fire by proactively applying environmentally-clean anti-fire (AF) chemical liquid spray in advance of wild fire arrival and managed using a wireless network with GPS-tracking |
US11638844B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-05-02 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of proactively protecting property from wild fire by spraying environmentally-clean anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces prior to wild fire arrival using remote sensing and GPS-tracking and mapping enabled spraying |
US11395931B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2022-07-26 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of and system network for managing the application of fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition |
US11654313B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-05-23 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Wireless communication network, GPS-tracked ground-based spraying tanker vehicles and command center configured for proactively spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces to inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US11654314B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-05-23 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of managing the proactive spraying of environment ally-clean anti-fire chemical liquid on GPS-specified property surfaces so as to inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US11697039B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-07-11 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Wireless communication network, GPS-tracked back-pack spraying systems and command center configured for proactively spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces to inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US11697040B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-07-11 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Wild fire defense system network using a command center, spraying systems and mobile computing systems configured to proactively defend homes and neighborhoods against threat of wild fire by spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces before presence of wild fire |
US11697041B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-07-11 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of proactively defending combustible property against fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US11707639B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-07-25 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Wireless communication network, GPS-tracked mobile spraying systems, and a command system configured for proactively spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on combustible property surfaces to protect property against fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US11730987B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-08-22 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | GPS tracking and mapping wildfire defense system network for proactively defending homes and neighborhoods against threat of wild fire by spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces to inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US10430757B2 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-10-01 | N-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Mass timber building factory system for producing prefabricated class-A fire-protected mass timber building components for use in constructing prefabricated class-A fire-protected mass timber buildings |
US11794044B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-10-24 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of proactively forming and maintaining GPS-tracked and mapped environmentally-clean chemical firebreaks and fire protection zones that inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
US10332222B1 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-06-25 | M-Fire Supression, Inc. | Just-in-time factory methods, system and network for prefabricating class-A fire-protected wood-framed buildings and components used to construct the same |
US10260232B1 (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2019-04-16 | M-Fire Supression, Inc. | Methods of designing and constructing Class-A fire-protected multi-story wood-framed buildings |
US10290004B1 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2019-05-14 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Supply chain management system for supplying clean fire inhibiting chemical (CFIC) totes to a network of wood-treating lumber and prefabrication panel factories and wood-framed building construction job sites |
US11865390B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean water-based fire inhibiting biochemical compositions, and methods of and apparatus for applying the same to protect property against wildfire |
US11865394B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean biodegradable water-based concentrates for producing fire inhibiting and fire extinguishing liquids for fighting class A and class B fires |
US20190178046A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-13 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Anti-settling Apparatus and Method and Apparatus for Checking the Same, and Apparatus for Preventing Settlement of Well |
US11826592B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2023-11-28 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Process of forming strategic chemical-type wildfire breaks on ground surfaces to proactively prevent fire ignition and flame spread, and reduce the production of smoke in the presence of a wild fire |
US11421417B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2022-08-23 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint component and wall assembly |
US11866932B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2024-01-09 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated joint component and wall assembly |
US11933042B2 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2024-03-19 | Cemco, Llc | Mechanically fastened firestop flute plug |
US11873636B2 (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2024-01-16 | Cemco, Llc | Fire or sound blocking components and wall assemblies with fire or sound blocking components |
US11891800B2 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2024-02-06 | Cemco, Llc | Wall joint or sound block component and wall assemblies |
US11920344B2 (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2024-03-05 | Cemco, Llc | Two-piece deflection drift angle |
US11920343B2 (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2024-03-05 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated wall joint component and related assemblies |
US11911643B2 (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2024-02-27 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean fire inhibiting and extinguishing compositions and products for sorbing flammable liquids while inhibiting ignition and extinguishing fire |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2642214A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20090107064A1 (en) | Fire, acoustic, and thermal resistant construction | |
US7032356B2 (en) | Interior wall and partition construction | |
US7921965B1 (en) | Soundproof assembly and methods for manufacturing same | |
JP2009257086A (en) | Acoustical soundproofing material and method for manufacturing the same | |
Goodhew et al. | Briefing: Challenges related to straw bale construction | |
US20060179760A1 (en) | Acoustic wall using compressed fiber panels | |
US20090107072A1 (en) | Fire, thermal, and/or sound resistant confined space construction | |
US20150218811A1 (en) | Multi-ply panel | |
Craik et al. | Sound transmission through a double leaf partition with edge flanking | |
Yeh et al. | Development of structural insulated panel standards | |
US20090107079A1 (en) | Structure having a confined space with improved thermal, fire and sound resistance properties | |
US20070094945A1 (en) | Fire resistant construction | |
Wilson et al. | Evaluation of exterior wall behavior using reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete as cladding | |
Östman et al. | Acoustics in wooden buildings. State of the art 2008 | |
Hu et al. | Key parameters for impact and airborne noise control in wood buildings | |
JP3233200U (en) | Soundproof structure of the room | |
Harada et al. | Development of fireproof glued-laminated timber for use in medium-rise buildings in Japan | |
Forskningsinstitut | Acoustics in wooden buildings State of the art 2008 | |
Ljunggren et al. | Acoustics in wooden buildings. State of the art 2008: Vinnova project 2007-01653 | |
Busch | Evolution of the Acoustical Provisions Within the Model National Building Code of Canada | |
Knutsen | Catenary action to prevent progressive collapse in multistorey timber buildings: An experimental study of tube joints | |
Rasmussen et al. | Compliance procedures for sound insulation between dwellings in new housing–Rules according to Danish regulations & Experiences from practice | |
Young et al. | Sound Isolation–Building Partition Performance Case Studies | |
Sipari | Sound Insulation in Timber Buildings: The Finnish Experience | |
Yates et al. | Sound insulation design of modular construction housing |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: U.S. GREENFIBER, LLC, NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BOWMAN, DAVID J;REEL/FRAME:020260/0107 Effective date: 20071214 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, NORTH CAROLIN Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:US GREENFIBER, LLC;REEL/FRAME:021651/0233 Effective date: 20080815 Owner name: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, NORTH CAROLIN Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:US GREENFIBER, LLC;REEL/FRAME:021651/0371 Effective date: 20080815 Owner name: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:US GREENFIBER, LLC;REEL/FRAME:021651/0233 Effective date: 20080815 Owner name: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:US GREENFIBER, LLC;REEL/FRAME:021651/0371 Effective date: 20080815 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |