US20090032037A1 - Degradable cigarette filters - Google Patents

Degradable cigarette filters Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090032037A1
US20090032037A1 US12/183,470 US18347008A US2009032037A1 US 20090032037 A1 US20090032037 A1 US 20090032037A1 US 18347008 A US18347008 A US 18347008A US 2009032037 A1 US2009032037 A1 US 2009032037A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
cigarette filter
cross
biodegradable
biodegradable cigarette
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/183,470
Inventor
Lixin L. Xue
Milton E. Parrish
Shalva Gedevanishvili
Szu-Sung Yang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris USA Inc
Original Assignee
Philip Morris USA Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philip Morris USA Inc filed Critical Philip Morris USA Inc
Priority to US12/183,470 priority Critical patent/US20090032037A1/en
Assigned to PHILIP MORRIS USA INC. reassignment PHILIP MORRIS USA INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YANG, SZU-SUNG, XUE, LIXIN L., GEDEVANISHVILI, SHALVA, PARRISH, MILTON E.
Publication of US20090032037A1 publication Critical patent/US20090032037A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
    • A24D3/063—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers
    • A24D3/064—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers having non-circular cross-section
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A24D3/163—Carbon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to degradable cigarette filters, and more particularly to shaped fibers made from degradable materials and the use of such shaped fibers in cigarette filters.
  • Conventional cigarette filter plugs are made of cellulose acetate fibers bonded to each other by triacetin. After smoking, the spent filters are sometimes discarded in the environment. The cellulose acetate filaments therein tend to degrade slower than tobacco and/or the paper parts of the cigarettes, often contributing to the litter in the environment. To reduce such litter, there is a need to replace cellulose acetate filaments in cigarette filters with materials that degrade faster than cellulose acetate in the environment. At the same time, there is also a need to retain the filtration chemistry, smoke characteristics and consumer acceptability from the cellulose acetate triacetin systems.
  • a cigarette filter produced from biodegradable materials formed into fibers with designed cross sectional shapes.
  • Another object of the present invention is a cigarette filter of biodegradable shaped fibers with increased surface area and reduced overall material per filter.
  • Still another object of the present invention is a cigarette filter of biodegradable shaped fibers having micro cavities therein for retaining flavorants and adsorbents for favor delivery and selective filtration.
  • a biodegradable cigarette filter comprises shaped fibers of PHBV.
  • the fibers may have designed shapes in cross section that include Y, V, C, Triad, 4-DG and JC shapes Moreover, the shaped fiber may include micro cavities with adsorbents and/or flavorants in the cavities.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a Y shape
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a V shape
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a C shape
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a Triad shape
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a 4-DG shape
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a JC shape.
  • the cigarette filters of the present invention may be made of sheets, films, fiber bands, yarns, or non-wovens from biodegradable materials such as paper (wood pulps), wool, cellulose acetate with lower acetylating levels, starch, and starch based polymer composites, cotton, polyactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyhyroxyalkanoates, polyesters, polyesteramides, polycaprolactones, un-stabilized polypropylene, micro-glass materials, and their combinations.
  • the biodegradable materials can be spun into fibers by melt spinning, dry spinning, wet spinning, electro spinning or any other known process into fibers.
  • PHBV Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate
  • aliphatic aromatic polyester such as Ecoflex, PBS (poly butylenes succinate), d-, 1-, and dl-PLA (polyactic acid) and starch composites
  • Ecoflex poly butylenes succinate
  • d-, 1-, and dl-PLA polyactic acid
  • starch composites have been successfully spun into round cross section fibers by melt spinning process.
  • the filter fibers herein have improved cross sectional shapes. These shaped fibers are formed into filters and used in reduced litter cigarettes.
  • the cross section of the fibers may be controlled by the shapes of the die used in the spinning processes. As shown in FIGS. 1-6 , the cross section of the fibers may be modified to Y, V, C, Triad, 4-DG, or JC by using appropriate dies in the melt spinning process. Other fiber cross sections that have been reported in the literature such as those in U.S. Pat. No. 6,907,895 are included herein by reference.
  • nonwovens from the above fibers can be produced from melt-blown, spun bonded, needle punched/felt, wet-laid, air-laid and other processes and then processed into cigarette filters by processes of rolling, folding or shredding.
  • Appropriate amounts of a bonding/hardening agent may be applied onto the fibers in the filters as needed for firmness and smoke subjective adjustment.
  • Adsorbents such as carbon granules and flavorants such as menthol can be impregnated into the micro cavities of the shaped fibers as well.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Biodegradable cigarette filters comprise shaped fiber of PHBV. Included among these fiber shapes in cross section are Y, V, C, Triad, 4-DG and JC shapes. The shaped fibers may include micro cavities with adsorbents and/or flavorants in the cavities.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE RELATED TO APPLICATION
  • The present application claims the benefit of provisional application Ser. No. 60/953,296, filed Aug. 1, 2007, for all useful purposes, and the specification and drawings thereof are included herein by reference.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to degradable cigarette filters, and more particularly to shaped fibers made from degradable materials and the use of such shaped fibers in cigarette filters.
  • Conventional cigarette filter plugs are made of cellulose acetate fibers bonded to each other by triacetin. After smoking, the spent filters are sometimes discarded in the environment. The cellulose acetate filaments therein tend to degrade slower than tobacco and/or the paper parts of the cigarettes, often contributing to the litter in the environment. To reduce such litter, there is a need to replace cellulose acetate filaments in cigarette filters with materials that degrade faster than cellulose acetate in the environment. At the same time, there is also a need to retain the filtration chemistry, smoke characteristics and consumer acceptability from the cellulose acetate triacetin systems.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • Among the objects of the present invention is a cigarette filter produced from biodegradable materials formed into fibers with designed cross sectional shapes.
  • Another object of the present invention is a cigarette filter of biodegradable shaped fibers with increased surface area and reduced overall material per filter.
  • Still another object of the present invention is a cigarette filter of biodegradable shaped fibers having micro cavities therein for retaining flavorants and adsorbents for favor delivery and selective filtration.
  • In accordance with the present invention, a biodegradable cigarette filter comprises shaped fibers of PHBV. The fibers may have designed shapes in cross section that include Y, V, C, Triad, 4-DG and JC shapes Moreover, the shaped fiber may include micro cavities with adsorbents and/or flavorants in the cavities.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Novel features and advantages of the present invention in addition to those mentioned above will become readily apparent to persons of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein similar parts are identified by similar reference characters and in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a Y shape;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a V shape;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a C shape;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a Triad shape;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a 4-DG shape; and
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of a shaped biodegradable fiber having a JC shape.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The cigarette filters of the present invention may be made of sheets, films, fiber bands, yarns, or non-wovens from biodegradable materials such as paper (wood pulps), wool, cellulose acetate with lower acetylating levels, starch, and starch based polymer composites, cotton, polyactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyhyroxyalkanoates, polyesters, polyesteramides, polycaprolactones, un-stabilized polypropylene, micro-glass materials, and their combinations. The biodegradable materials can be spun into fibers by melt spinning, dry spinning, wet spinning, electro spinning or any other known process into fibers.
  • For example, PHBV (Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) and its blends with aliphatic aromatic polyester such as Ecoflex, PBS (poly butylenes succinate), d-, 1-, and dl-PLA (polyactic acid) and starch composites have been successfully spun into round cross section fibers by melt spinning process. However, in order to increase the surface area and reduce material use per filter, the filter fibers herein have improved cross sectional shapes. These shaped fibers are formed into filters and used in reduced litter cigarettes.
  • The cross section of the fibers may be controlled by the shapes of the die used in the spinning processes. As shown in FIGS. 1-6, the cross section of the fibers may be modified to Y, V, C, Triad, 4-DG, or JC by using appropriate dies in the melt spinning process. Other fiber cross sections that have been reported in the literature such as those in U.S. Pat. No. 6,907,895 are included herein by reference.
  • To process these shaped fibers into cigarette filters, single or multi-strands of these shaped fibers from single or multiple components may be drawn and crimped into tow bands, or the strands of these shaped fibers made of faster degradable materials can be combined with cellulose acetate fibers to form a joint tow bands during the cigarette filter making process. Alternatively, nonwovens from the above fibers can be produced from melt-blown, spun bonded, needle punched/felt, wet-laid, air-laid and other processes and then processed into cigarette filters by processes of rolling, folding or shredding. Appropriate amounts of a bonding/hardening agent may be applied onto the fibers in the filters as needed for firmness and smoke subjective adjustment. Adsorbents such as carbon granules and flavorants such as menthol can be impregnated into the micro cavities of the shaped fibers as well.

Claims (12)

1. A biodegradable cigarette filter comprising shaped fibers of PHBV.
2. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers have a Y shape in cross section.
3. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers have a V shape in cross section.
4. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers have a C shape in cross section.
5. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers have a Triad shape in cross section.
6. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers have a 4-DG shape in cross section.
7. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers have a JC shape in cross section.
8. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 1 wherein the fibers include micro cavities.
9. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 8 including adsorbents in the micro cavities.
10. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 9 wherein the adsorbents include carbon.
11. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 8 including flavorants in the micro cavities.
12. A biodegradable cigarette filter as in claim 11 wherein the flavorants include menthol.
US12/183,470 2007-08-01 2008-07-31 Degradable cigarette filters Abandoned US20090032037A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/183,470 US20090032037A1 (en) 2007-08-01 2008-07-31 Degradable cigarette filters

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US95329607P 2007-08-01 2007-08-01
US12/183,470 US20090032037A1 (en) 2007-08-01 2008-07-31 Degradable cigarette filters

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US20090032037A1 true US20090032037A1 (en) 2009-02-05

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US (1) US20090032037A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2170110A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2010535024A (en)
KR (1) KR20100045412A (en)
CN (1) CN101742932A (en)
AU (1) AU2008281436A1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0815065A2 (en)
CO (1) CO6160279A2 (en)
EA (1) EA201070199A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2010001248A (en)
WO (1) WO2009016513A2 (en)

Cited By (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090288672A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette Filter Comprising a Carbonaceous Fiber
US20090288669A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette filter comprising a degradable fiber
US20110048434A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2011-03-03 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials
US20120017925A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-26 Sebastian Andries D Degradable cigarette filter
WO2012012053A1 (en) 2010-06-30 2012-01-26 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Biodegradable cigarette filter
WO2011123320A3 (en) * 2010-03-31 2012-02-02 Greenbutts Llc Biodegradable cigarette filter and methods for making same
US20120060854A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2012-03-15 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials
CN102691121A (en) * 2012-06-14 2012-09-26 江苏天圣达集团无锡新合纤有限公司 Polylactic acid/polypropylene cigarette composite tow with sheath-core structure and preparation method thereof
WO2013019616A2 (en) 2011-07-29 2013-02-07 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
WO2014018446A1 (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 Celanese Acetate Llc Spinneret comprising tri-arc holes and tri-arc filaments produced therefrom
WO2014058968A1 (en) * 2012-10-10 2014-04-17 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter material for a filter element of a smoking article, and associated system and method
US8790556B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2014-07-29 Celanese Acetate Llc Process of making tri-arc filaments
GB2512748A (en) * 2014-02-25 2014-10-08 Cambridge Silicon Radio Ltd Auto-configuration of a mesh relay's TX/RX schedule
US9282769B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2016-03-15 Altria Client Services Llc Biodegradable cigar tip
US9289012B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2016-03-22 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
EP2877045A4 (en) * 2012-07-25 2016-03-30 Celanese Acetate Llc Spinneret comprising tri-arc holes and tri-arc filaments produced therefrom
US10076135B2 (en) 2014-05-23 2018-09-18 Greenbutts Llc Biodegradable cigarette filter tow and method of manufacture
US10524500B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2020-01-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Staple fiber blend for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
US20220079214A1 (en) * 2019-04-05 2022-03-17 Jt International S.A. Aerosol Generating Device with Environmentally Optimised Filter
US11918036B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2024-03-05 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Biodegradable cigarette filter

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US8079369B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2011-12-20 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of forming a cigarette filter rod member
GB2474694B (en) * 2009-10-23 2011-11-02 Innovia Films Ltd Biodegradable composites
CN102080276B (en) * 2009-11-30 2014-05-14 合肥中科绿色家电科技有限公司 Biodegradable cigarette fiber material and cigarette filter tip
GB201105455D0 (en) 2011-03-31 2011-05-18 British American Tobacco Co Blends of a polylactic acid and a water soluble polymer
KR102031068B1 (en) * 2011-09-09 2019-10-15 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. Smoking article filter including polymeric insert
RU2668858C1 (en) 2013-12-20 2018-10-03 Филип Моррис Продактс С.А. Smoking article filter including degradable filter component
GB201400990D0 (en) 2014-01-21 2014-03-05 British American Tobacco Co Filter materials and filters made therefrom
KR20210029155A (en) * 2018-07-13 2021-03-15 주식회사 다이셀 Tow band for electronic cigarette tip, tip for electronic cigarette, and method of manufacturing tow band for electronic cigarette tip
US20210015170A1 (en) * 2019-07-15 2021-01-21 Bio-On S.P.A. Aerosol-generating articles suitable for use in aerosol-generating devices
CN110477450B (en) * 2019-08-28 2023-07-11 深圳市智叶科技有限公司 Filter tip for electronic cigarette and preparation method thereof
CN111548772A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-18 南通大学 Multi-walled carbon nanotube composite shape-stabilized phase change material and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (32)

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US8375958B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2013-02-19 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette filter comprising a carbonaceous fiber
US20090288669A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette filter comprising a degradable fiber
US8613284B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2013-12-24 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette filter comprising a degradable fiber
US20090288672A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette Filter Comprising a Carbonaceous Fiber
US20110048434A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2011-03-03 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials
US8991403B2 (en) * 2009-06-02 2015-03-31 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials
US8944072B2 (en) 2009-06-02 2015-02-03 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials
US20120060854A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2012-03-15 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials
WO2011123320A3 (en) * 2010-03-31 2012-02-02 Greenbutts Llc Biodegradable cigarette filter and methods for making same
WO2012012053A1 (en) 2010-06-30 2012-01-26 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Biodegradable cigarette filter
US11918036B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2024-03-05 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Biodegradable cigarette filter
US20120017925A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-26 Sebastian Andries D Degradable cigarette filter
US9282769B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2016-03-15 Altria Client Services Llc Biodegradable cigar tip
WO2013019616A2 (en) 2011-07-29 2013-02-07 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
US9289012B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2016-03-22 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
US8973588B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2015-03-10 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
WO2013019413A2 (en) 2011-08-01 2013-02-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Degradable cigarette filter
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KR20100045412A (en) 2010-05-03
CO6160279A2 (en) 2010-05-20
MX2010001248A (en) 2010-03-01
WO2009016513A8 (en) 2009-03-19
BRPI0815065A2 (en) 2015-02-10
AU2008281436A1 (en) 2009-02-05
EP2170110A2 (en) 2010-04-07
WO2009016513A3 (en) 2009-09-24
EA201070199A1 (en) 2010-06-30
CN101742932A (en) 2010-06-16
JP2010535024A (en) 2010-11-18

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