US20080132699A1 - Process For the Preparation of Diazine Derivatives - Google Patents
Process For the Preparation of Diazine Derivatives Download PDFInfo
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- US20080132699A1 US20080132699A1 US10/592,820 US59282005A US2008132699A1 US 20080132699 A1 US20080132699 A1 US 20080132699A1 US 59282005 A US59282005 A US 59282005A US 2008132699 A1 US2008132699 A1 US 2008132699A1
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- 0 *C[W]C.CC Chemical compound *C[W]C.CC 0.000 description 17
- INJOLBBYXZBATE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.C.C.C.CC1=CC=C(C)N=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)C=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 Chemical compound C.C.C.C.CC1=CC=C(C)N=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)C=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 INJOLBBYXZBATE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZHCYDBZWGTEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 Chemical compound C.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 ZZHCYDBZWGTEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCZUOKDVTBMCMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cnc(C)cn1 Chemical compound Cc1cnc(C)cn1 LCZUOKDVTBMCMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHOOLJLEYYXKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cnc(C)nc1 Chemical compound Cc1cnc(C)nc1 RHOOLJLEYYXKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDLYRQDDBGKIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.C.C.CC1=CC=C(C)N=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)C=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 Chemical compound C.C.C.CC1=CC=C(C)N=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)C=N1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1.CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 NDLYRQDDBGKIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAJYWLRZHKNGFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.CC1=CC=C(C)N=N1 Chemical compound C.CC1=CC=C(C)N=N1 BAJYWLRZHKNGFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSZGQKQZUBFTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.CC1=CN=C(C)C=N1 Chemical compound C.CC1=CN=C(C)C=N1 LSZGQKQZUBFTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGVTUIRPHLSMJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1nnc(C)cc1 Chemical compound Cc1nnc(C)cc1 BGVTUIRPHLSMJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
- A61K31/422—Oxazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new process for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I:
- cycloalkyl means a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon ring with 3 to 7, preferably 3 to 6, ring atoms.
- saturated carbocyclic groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.
- heterocyclyl means a saturated, monocyclic ring with 5 to 6 ring atoms which contains up to 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected independently from N, O or S and the remaining ring atoms being carbon atoms.
- Such saturated heterocyclic group can be optionally substituted one to three, preferably one or two times by alkyl, which is defined as above, preferably by methyl.
- alkyl which is defined as above, preferably by methyl.
- Examples of such saturated heterocyclic groups are pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, N-methyl-piperazinyl, piperidyl and the like.
- aryl means a mono- or bicyclic aromatic ring with 6 to 10 ring carbon atoms.
- aryl groups are phenyl and naphthyl, preferably phenyl.
- Such aryl groups are optionally substituted one to three, preferably one to two times by halogen, amino, hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, halogenated (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl or halogenated (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy.
- heteroaryl means a mono- or bicyclic aromatic ring with 5 to 10, preferably 5 to 6, ring atoms, which contains up to 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected independently from N, O or S and the remaining ring atoms being carbon atoms.
- heteroaryl groups are e.g.
- heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted one to two times, preferably one time, by (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl.
- alkyl as used herein means a saturated, straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon containing from 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl.
- alkoxy as used herein means an alkyl-O— group wherein the alkyl is defined as above.
- halogenated alkyl as used herein means an alkyl group as defined above which is substituted one or several times, preferably one to six and especially one to three times, by halogen, preferably by fluorine or chlorine, especially by fluorine. Examples are difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluoroethyl, and the like, especially trifluoromethyl.
- halogenated alkoxy means an alkoxy group as defined above which is substituted one or several times by halogen, preferably by fluorine or chlorine, especially fluorine. Examples are difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, perfluoroethoxy and the like, especially trifluoromethoxy.
- halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine and especially fluorine and chlorine.
- X, ring A, W and R 1 have the significance given above and Y is iodine or bromine and not both X and Y are bromine.
- the synthesis of the compounds of formula I starts from the corresponding dihalodiazines of formula III.
- the preparation of these dihalodiazines of formula III is described in the accompanying examples or in e.g. WO 2004/000811, Pieterse, K., et al., Chemistry-A European Journal 9 (2003) 5597-5604 and Sato, N., J. Heterocyclic Chem., 19 (1982) 673-674, Draper, T. L., et al., J. Org. Chem. 60 (1995) 748-50; Goodman, A.
- Step 1 the dihalodiazines of formula III are reacted with alkyne derivatives of formula IV in a Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper iodide and a palladium complex, e.g. Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 or the like.
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base like triethyl amine, diisopropyl amine, isopropyl amine, piperidine, morpholine or pyrrolidine and in solvents like tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide or mixtures thereof at temperatures varying from 20° C. to 120° C. yielding derivatives of formula V.
- the compounds of formula I wherein W is —HC ⁇ CH— are obtained.
- Such compounds are named I-a.
- a catalytic hydrogenation is performed.
- the catalysts are usually used as finely dispersed solids or adsorbed on to an inert support such as charcoal (C), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ) or alumina (Al).
- Typical catalyst are e.g.
- Pd/Pb/CaCO 3 Pd—CaCO 3 —PbO system wherein the PbO acts as catalytic poison and tempers the reactivity
- Pd/CaCO 3 Pd/BaSO 4 or Pt/BaSO 4 eventually poisoned with quinoline, especially Pd/CaCO 3 or Pd/Pb/CaCO 3
- nickel boride(Ni 2 B) can be used as catalyst.
- the mol % of catalyst added can vary between 1 mol % and 50 mol %, preferably between 5 and 25 mol %.
- a catalytic poison like can be used to slow down the reaction and to prevent further hydrogenation according to Step 3.
- the reaction is typically carried out at temperatures between 0° C.
- the compounds of formula I wherein W is —CH 2 —CH 2 — are obtained.
- Such compounds are named I-b.
- Typical catalysts are e.g. Pt, PtO 2 , Pd, Rh, Ru and Ni (late transition metals)—usually used as finely dispersed solids or adsorbed on to an inert support such as charcoal (C), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) or alumina (Al).
- Pd/C, Pd/CaCO 3 or PtO 2 is used.
- the mol % of catalyst added can vary between 1 mol % and 50 mol %, preferably between 5 and 25 mol %.
- the reaction is typically carried out at temperatures between 0° C. and 50° C., at hydrogen pressures between 1 ⁇ 10 3 and 4 ⁇ 15 Pa, preferably between 2 ⁇ 10 3 and 15 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, in solvents like methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof.
- solvents like methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof.
- a variety of homogeneous catalysts are also effective e.g. Wilkinson's catalyst [(PPh 3 ) 3 RhCl].
- step 4 of scheme 1 the compounds of formula I-a are converted to the compounds of formula I-b by obtained by a reduction reaction.
- a catalytic hydrogenation is performed.
- Typical catalysts are e.g. Pt, PtO 2 , Pd, Rh, Ru and Ni (late transition metals)—usually used as finely dispersed solids or adsorbed on to an inert support such as charcoal (C), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) or alumina (Al).
- Pd/C, Pd/CaCO 3 or PtO 2 is used.
- the mol % of catalyst added can vary between 1 mol % and 50 mol %, preferably between 5 and 25 mol %.
- the reaction is typically carried out at temperatures between 0° C. and 50° C., at hydrogen pressures between 1 ⁇ 10 3 and 4 ⁇ 10 5 Pa, preferably between 2 ⁇ 10 3 and 15 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, in solvents like methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof.
- solvents like methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof.
- homogeneous catalysts are also effective e.g. Wilkinson's catalyst [(PPh 3 ) 3 RhCl].
- An embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2 or Step 3 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I-a
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 3 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I-b
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 4 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I-b
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- X is chlorine or bromine.
- n is 1 to 4
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- X is chlorine or bromine.
- n is 1 to 4 R 1 is heteroaryl.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- R 1 is heteroaryl
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH 2 —CH 2 —.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2b of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH 2 —CH 2 —.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH ⁇ CH—.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2a of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH ⁇ CH—.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH 2 —CH 2 —; and the catalyst in the hydrogenation step 2 is Pd/C or PtO 2 .
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1 for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH 2 —CH 2 —
- the catalyst in the hydrogenation step 2 is PtO 2 .
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1 for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH 2 —CH 2 — or —CH ⁇ CH—
- the catalyst in the hydrogenation step 2 is Pd/CaCO 3 .
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH ⁇ CH—
- the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is Pd/CaCO 3 or Pd/Pb/CaCO 3 .
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1 for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- 2-Pyrimidinol hydrochloride 13.26 g, 100 mmol is dissolved in 2N NaOH (50 ml) and bromine (17.98 g, 112.5 mmol) is added over 15 min. The mixture is stirred for 45 min at r.t. and then concentrated in vacuo to yield a brownish solid.
- But-3-yn-1-ol (49.57 g, 707.2 mmol) and triethylamine (107.7 mL, 777 mmol, dried over KOH) are dissolved in dry dichloromethane (500 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere and cooled to 0° C.
- Methanesulfonyl chloride (54.8 mL, 708 mmol)
- 500 mL of dry dichloromethane is added within 90 min while keeping the temperature below 5° C.
- the mixture is stirred for 3.5 hours at room temperature, then poured onto 2.5 L of ice water.
- the organic phase is separated and washed with 2 ⁇ 500 mL of water and 1 ⁇ 250 mL of brine and dried over sodium sulfate.
- the volatiles are removed to yield 94.18 g of the methane sulfonate (631.2 mmol, 89.2%) as a yellow liquid.
- a suspension of NaOH (37.86 g, 946.5 mmol), sodium iodide (94.65 g, 631.5 mmol) and 1H-[1,2,3]triazole (61.03 g, 883.6 mmol) in 2-methyl-2-butanol (750 mL) is refluxed for 1 h under an inert atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature the methane sulfonate (94.18 g, 631.2 mmol) is added within 5 minutes. The resulting suspension is then heated to reflux for 3 h, cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo at 45° C.
- 3-Chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyridazine (2.50 g, 10.7 mmol) is dissolved in ethyl acetate (450 ml) and hydrogenated at 3 ⁇ 10 3 Pa H 2 -pressure for 3.5 h at r.t. in the presence of palladium on charcoal (10%, 2.50 g). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo.
- 3-Chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyridazine (0.100 mg, 0.43 mmol) is dissolved in methanol (10 ml) and hydrogenated at 3 ⁇ 10 3 Pa H 2 -pressure for 4.5 h at r.t. in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide ⁇ H 2 O (0.044 mg, 0.18 mmol).
- the reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 3-chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyridazine as a colorless solid. Yield 0.059 g (58%).
- 2-Bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-enyl)-pyrazine (0.020 mg, 0.07 mmol) is dissolved in methanol (4 ml) and hydrogenated at 3 ⁇ 10 3 Pa H 2 -pressure for 1 h at r.t. in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide ⁇ H 2 O (0.007 mg, 0.03 mmol).
- the reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrazine and 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrazine at the ratio of 80:20.
- the different halogen-diazine-alkyne derivatives were dissolved in the appropriate solvent and hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst.
- the reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 5-bromo-2-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrimidine as a colorless solid.
- the used catalysts and reaction conditions (mol % catalyst, solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time) are listed in Table 1.
- the ratios of the obtained alkenes (A) and alkanes (B) were detected by 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ). Where the main products were isolated the yield is given.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of pyrazine derivatives of formula (I), which are useful as intermediates for the preparation of liquid crystalline media components or of pharmaceutically active substances.
Description
- The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I:
-
- wherein
- X is fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
- A is
-
- W is —CH2—CH2— or —CH═CH—;
- n is 1 to 10
- R1 is cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl;
- Compounds of formula I can be utilized as intermediates for the preparation of e.g. liquid crystalline media components as described in EP 0 606 090; or as intermediates of pharmaceutically active substances according to formula I-A,
-
- wherein
- R1 is halogen;
- —O-alkyl;
- —S-alkyl; —S(O)-alkyl; —S(O)2-alkyl,
- —SF5,
- —NH-alkyl; or
- alkyl, all alkyl groups being optionally once or several times substituted with halogen; and
- R2 is hydrogen; or
- halogen; and
- R3 is hydrogen; or alternatively
- R1 and R3 are adjacent and together with the carbon atoms of the phenyl ring to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring; and
- A is
-
- W is —CH2—CH2— or —CH═CH—.
- The term “cycloalkyl” means a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon ring with 3 to 7, preferably 3 to 6, ring atoms. Examples of such saturated carbocyclic groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.
- The term “heterocyclyl” means a saturated, monocyclic ring with 5 to 6 ring atoms which contains up to 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected independently from N, O or S and the remaining ring atoms being carbon atoms. Such saturated heterocyclic group can be optionally substituted one to three, preferably one or two times by alkyl, which is defined as above, preferably by methyl. Examples of such saturated heterocyclic groups are pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, N-methyl-piperazinyl, piperidyl and the like.
- The term “aryl” means a mono- or bicyclic aromatic ring with 6 to 10 ring carbon atoms. Examples of such aryl groups are phenyl and naphthyl, preferably phenyl. Such aryl groups are optionally substituted one to three, preferably one to two times by halogen, amino, hydroxy, (C1-C4)alkyl, (C1-C4)alkoxy, halogenated (C1-C4)alkyl or halogenated (C1-C4)alkoxy.
- The term “heteroaryl” means a mono- or bicyclic aromatic ring with 5 to 10, preferably 5 to 6, ring atoms, which contains up to 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected independently from N, O or S and the remaining ring atoms being carbon atoms. Examples of such heteroaryl groups are e.g. triazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, tetrazolyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, quinolyl, quinazolinyl and the like, preferably triazolyl and imidazolyl and especially triazolyl. Such heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted one to two times, preferably one time, by (C1-C4)alkyl.
- The term “alkyl” as used herein means a saturated, straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon containing from 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl.
- The term “alkoxy” as used herein means an alkyl-O— group wherein the alkyl is defined as above.
- The term “halogenated alkyl” as used herein means an alkyl group as defined above which is substituted one or several times, preferably one to six and especially one to three times, by halogen, preferably by fluorine or chlorine, especially by fluorine. Examples are difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluoroethyl, and the like, especially trifluoromethyl.
- The term “halogenated alkoxy” as used herein means an alkoxy group as defined above which is substituted one or several times by halogen, preferably by fluorine or chlorine, especially fluorine. Examples are difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, perfluoroethoxy and the like, especially trifluoromethoxy.
- The term “halogen” means fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine and especially fluorine and chlorine.
- The invention is thus concerned with a new process for the preparation of compounds of formula I according to Scheme 1
- In scheme 1, X, ring A, W and R1 have the significance given above and Y is iodine or bromine and not both X and Y are bromine. The synthesis of the compounds of formula I starts from the corresponding dihalodiazines of formula III. The preparation of these dihalodiazines of formula III is described in the accompanying examples or in e.g. WO 2004/000811, Pieterse, K., et al., Chemistry-A European Journal 9 (2003) 5597-5604 and Sato, N., J. Heterocyclic Chem., 19 (1982) 673-674, Draper, T. L., et al., J. Org. Chem. 60 (1995) 748-50; Goodman, A. J., Tetrahedron 55 (1999) 15067-15070; WO 2004/006922; Vlad, G., et al., J. Org. Chem. 67 (2002) 6550-6552; Zhang, Y., et al., J. Med. Chem., 47 (2004) 2453-2465; EP 0 742 212 and Gacek, M., et al., Acta Chem. Scand. B39 (1985) 691-696.
- In Step 1, scheme 1 the dihalodiazines of formula III are reacted with alkyne derivatives of formula IV in a Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper iodide and a palladium complex, e.g. Pd(PPh3)4, Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 or the like. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a base like triethyl amine, diisopropyl amine, isopropyl amine, piperidine, morpholine or pyrrolidine and in solvents like tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide or mixtures thereof at temperatures varying from 20° C. to 120° C. yielding derivatives of formula V.
- When the synthesis is proceeded by the reduction Step 2 the compounds of formula I wherein W is —HC═CH— are obtained. Such compounds are named I-a. Preferably, as reduction reaction a catalytic hydrogenation is performed. The catalysts are usually used as finely dispersed solids or adsorbed on to an inert support such as charcoal (C), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), barium sulfate (BaSO4) or alumina (Al). Typical catalyst are e.g. Pd/Pb/CaCO3 (Pd—CaCO3—PbO system wherein the PbO acts as catalytic poison and tempers the reactivity), Pd/CaCO3, Pd/BaSO4 or Pt/BaSO4 eventually poisoned with quinoline, especially Pd/CaCO3 or Pd/Pb/CaCO3. Alternatively nickel boride(Ni2B) can be used as catalyst. The mol % of catalyst added can vary between 1 mol % and 50 mol %, preferably between 5 and 25 mol %. Eventually, a catalytic poison like can be used to slow down the reaction and to prevent further hydrogenation according to Step 3. The reaction is typically carried out at temperatures between 0° C. and 50° C., at hydrogen pressures between 1×103 and 4×105 Pa, preferably between 2×103 and 15×104 Pa, in solvents like ethyl acetate, hexane, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof. Alternatively sodium or lithium metal in liquid ammonia (or some pure primary amines like e.g. ethylamine) can be used to hydrogenate the alkyne group (—C≡C—) to an alkene group (W is —HC═CH—).
- When the synthesis is proceeded by the reduction step 3 the compounds of formula I wherein W is —CH2—CH2— are obtained. Such compounds are named I-b. Preferably, as reduction reaction a catalytic hydrogenation is performed. Typical catalysts are e.g. Pt, PtO2, Pd, Rh, Ru and Ni (late transition metals)—usually used as finely dispersed solids or adsorbed on to an inert support such as charcoal (C), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or alumina (Al). Preferably Pd/C, Pd/CaCO3 or PtO2 is used. The mol % of catalyst added can vary between 1 mol % and 50 mol %, preferably between 5 and 25 mol %. The reaction is typically carried out at temperatures between 0° C. and 50° C., at hydrogen pressures between 1×103 and 4×15 Pa, preferably between 2×103 and 15×104 Pa, in solvents like methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof. Alternatively a variety of homogeneous catalysts are also effective e.g. Wilkinson's catalyst [(PPh3)3RhCl].
- In step 4 of scheme 1 the compounds of formula I-a are converted to the compounds of formula I-b by obtained by a reduction reaction. Preferably, as reduction reaction a catalytic hydrogenation is performed. Typical catalysts are e.g. Pt, PtO2, Pd, Rh, Ru and Ni (late transition metals)—usually used as finely dispersed solids or adsorbed on to an inert support such as charcoal (C), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or alumina (Al). Preferably Pd/C, Pd/CaCO3 or PtO2 is used. The mol % of catalyst added can vary between 1 mol % and 50 mol %, preferably between 5 and 25 mol %. The reaction is typically carried out at temperatures between 0° C. and 50° C., at hydrogen pressures between 1×103 and 4×105 Pa, preferably between 2×103 and 15×104 Pa, in solvents like methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof. Alternatively a variety of homogeneous catalysts are also effective e.g. Wilkinson's catalyst [(PPh3)3RhCl].
- An embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2 or Step 3 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I
- comprising the step of hydrogenating the compounds of formula V
- with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, to obtain a compound of formula I.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I-a
- comprising the step of hydrogenating the compounds of formula V
- with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, to obtain a compound of formula I-a.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 3 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I-b
- comprising the step of hydrogenating the compounds of formula V
- with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, to obtain a compound of formula I-b.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 4 of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I-b
- comprising the step of hydrogenating the compounds of formula I-a
- with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, to obtain a compound of formula I-b.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- X is chlorine or bromine.
n is 1 to 4 - Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- X is chlorine or bromine.
n is 1 to 4
R1 is heteroaryl. - Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- R1 is heteroaryl.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2b of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Step 2a of Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- W is —CH2—CH2—; and the catalyst in the hydrogenation step 2 is Pd/C or PtO2.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1 for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- the catalyst in the hydrogenation step 2 is PtO2.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1 for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- the catalyst in the hydrogenation step 2 is Pd/CaCO3.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein
- the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is Pd/CaCO3 or Pd/Pb/CaCO3.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1 for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- Another embodiment of the invention is a process according to Scheme 1, for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I, wherein ring A is
- The following examples and references are provided to aid the understanding of the present invention, the true scope of which is set forth in the appended claims. It is understood that modifications can be made in the procedures set forth without departing from the spirit of the invention.
- To a suspension of 3,6-dichloro-pyridazine (1.0 g, 6.71 mmol) and NaI (1.35 g, 9.0 mmol) in chloroform (2.5 ml) a Hydroiodic acid (57 wt. %) (2.85 g, 25.6 mmol) is added at 0° C. The mixture is stirred for 20 hours (h) at room temperature (r.t) and then poured into a mixture of 100 ml ice water and 20 ml 10N sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Chloroform (50 ml) is added and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes (min). The organic phase is separated, the aqueous layer is extracted with chloroform (1×50 ml) and the combined organic phases dried over magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo to yield 3-chloro-6-iodo-pyridazine as an off-white solid. Yield 1.16 g (72%)
- MS: M=340.6 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 7.22 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H)
- 2-Pyrimidinol hydrochloride (13.26 g, 100 mmol) is dissolved in 2N NaOH (50 ml) and bromine (17.98 g, 112.5 mmol) is added over 15 min. The mixture is stirred for 45 min at r.t. and then concentrated in vacuo to yield a brownish solid.
- The solid is suspended in phosphorus oxychloride (125 ml), N,N-dimethylaniline (9.35 g, 77 mmol) added and the mixture is heated to reflux for 3 h. After cooling the reaction mixture is poured slowly under stirring onto 1 L ice water and the resulting mixture is extracted with diethyl ether (3×200 ml). The extract is washed with brine, dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo yielding 5-bromo-2-chloro-pyrimidine as a pale yellow solid. Yield 10.85 g (56%)
- 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 8.70 (s, 2H)
- To a suspension of 5-bromo-2-chloro-pyrimidine (5.80 g, 30 mmol) and sodium iodide (7.5 g, 50 mmol) in chloroform (20 ml) a Hydroiodic acid (57 wt. %) (2.85 g, 25.6 mmol) is added at 0° C. After removing the cooling the reaction mixture is stirred for 20 h at r.t and then poured into a mixture of 200 ml ice water and 30 ml 10N NaOH. Chloroform (150 ml) is added and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. The organic phase is separated, the aqueous layer is extracted with chloroform (2×100 ml) and the combined organic phases dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo to yielding 5-bromo-2-iodo-pyrimidine as a pale yellow solid. Yield 6.29 g (84%)
- MS: M=284.8 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 8.54 (s, 2H)
- 7.56 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 7.59-7.66 (m, 4H).
- But-3-yn-1-ol (49.57 g, 707.2 mmol) and triethylamine (107.7 mL, 777 mmol, dried over KOH) are dissolved in dry dichloromethane (500 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere and cooled to 0° C. Methanesulfonyl chloride (54.8 mL, 708 mmol), dissolved in 500 mL of dry dichloromethane is added within 90 min while keeping the temperature below 5° C. The mixture is stirred for 3.5 hours at room temperature, then poured onto 2.5 L of ice water. The organic phase is separated and washed with 2×500 mL of water and 1×250 mL of brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The volatiles are removed to yield 94.18 g of the methane sulfonate (631.2 mmol, 89.2%) as a yellow liquid.
- A suspension of NaOH (37.86 g, 946.5 mmol), sodium iodide (94.65 g, 631.5 mmol) and 1H-[1,2,3]triazole (61.03 g, 883.6 mmol) in 2-methyl-2-butanol (750 mL) is refluxed for 1 h under an inert atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature the methane sulfonate (94.18 g, 631.2 mmol) is added within 5 minutes. The resulting suspension is then heated to reflux for 3 h, cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo at 45° C.
- Water (500 mL) and dichloro methane (1 L) are added and the organic phase is separated, dried over sodium sulfate and the volatiles removed at 30° C. The residue is distilled at 1 mmHg. A forerun is collected at 20-70° C. The main fraction distilled at 123-129° C. as a colourless, turbid liquid. After filtration over Celite 1-but-3-ynyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazole is obtained as a colourless liquid (29.77 g, 38.9%).
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 2.05 (t, 1H), 2.75 (dt, 2H), 4.5 (t, 2H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.7 (s, 1H)
- 3-Chloro-6-iodo-pyridazine (11.56 g, 48.1 mmol), 1-but-3-ynyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazole (6.99 g, 57.7 mmol) and triethyl amine (NEt3) (94 ml) are dissolved in DMF (188 ml) and copper iodide (CuI) (0.981 g, 5.15 mmol) is added under stirring. After passing a stream of argon through the mixture for 10 min tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.836 g, 2.43 mmol) is added and stirring is continued for 6 h at r.t. Dichloromethane (300 ml) is added, the mixture is washed with 0.5N hydrochloric acid (HCl) and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate) yielding 3-chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyridazine as a colorless solid. Yield 9.52 g (85%).
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=3.12 (t, 2H, CH2—C≡), 4.67 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.39 (d, 1H, pyridazine), 7.45 (d, 1H, pyridazine), 7.70 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.73 (s, 1H, triazole).
- 3-Chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyridazine (2.50 g, 10.7 mmol) is dissolved in ethyl acetate (450 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 3.5 h at r.t. in the presence of palladium on charcoal (10%, 2.50 g). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in THF (10 ml) and added to a solution of benzyl alcohol (0.94 ml, 9.0 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (NaOtBu) (0.842 g, 8.76 mmol) in THF (80 ml). After stirring for 2 h ethyl acetate (100 ml) is added, the mixture is washed with saturated ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. After flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate) 3-chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyridazine is obtained as a colorless solid. Yield 1.14 g (45%).
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.76-1.84 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—C═), 1.97-2.05 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—N), 2.98 (t, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.43 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.25 (d, 1H, pyridazine), 7.40 (d, 1H, pyridazine), 7.52 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.68 (s, 1H, triazole).
- 3-Chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyridazine (0.100 mg, 0.43 mmol) is dissolved in methanol (10 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 4.5 h at r.t. in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide×H2O (0.044 mg, 0.18 mmol). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 3-chloro-6-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyridazine as a colorless solid. Yield 0.059 g (58%).
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.76-1.84 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—C═), 1.97-2.05 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—N), 2.98 (t, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.43 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.25 (d, 1H, pyridazine), 7.40 (d, 1H, pyridazine), 7.52 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.68 (s, 1H, triazole).
- 2-Bromo-5-iodo-pyrazine (13.69 g, 48.0 mmol), 1-but-3-ynyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazole (7.01 g, 57.9 mmol) and triethyl amine (NEt3) (94 ml) are dissolved in DMF (188 ml) and copper iodide (CuI) (0.984 g, 5.17 mmol) is added under stirring. After passing a stream of argon through the mixture for 10 min tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.844 g, 2.46 mmol) is added and stirring is continued for 5 h at r.t. Dichloromethane (300 ml) is added; the mixture is washed with 0.5N hydrochloric acid (HCl) and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexanes 7:3) yielding 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrazine as a colorless solid. Yield 9.99 g (75%).
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=3.10 (t, 2H, CH2—C—), 4.66 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.70 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.72 (s, 1H, triazole), 8.31 (d, 1H, pyrazine), 8.60 (d, 1H, pyrazine).
- 2-Bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrazine (0.501 mg, 1.80 mmol) is dissolved in ethyl acetate (115 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 4.5 h at r.t. in the presence of palladium on calcium carbonate (10%, 0.454 g). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-enyl)-pyrazine as a colorless solid. Yield 0.386 g (77%).
- MS: M=280.1, 282.2 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=3.33 (dq, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.59 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 6.04 (dt, 1H, ═CH—CH2), 6.47 (d, 1H, ═CH—C═), 7.57 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.69 (s, 1H, triazole), 8.19 (d, 1H, pyrazine), 8.64 (d, 1H, pyrazine).
- 2-Bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrazine (2.50 g, 9.0 mmol) is dissolved in methanol (700 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 2 h at r.t. in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide×H2O (0.840 g, 3.40 mmol). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrazine as a colorless solid. Yield 1.63 g (64%)
- MS: M=282.1, 284.2 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.72-1.80 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—C═), 1.94-2.01 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—N), 2.79 (t, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.42 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.51 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.69 (s, 1H, triazole), 8.17 (d, 1H, pyrazine), 8.57 (d, 1H, pyrazine).
- 2-Bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-enyl)-pyrazine (0.020 mg, 0.07 mmol) is dissolved in methanol (4 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 1 h at r.t. in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide×H2O (0.007 mg, 0.03 mmol). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrazine and 2-bromo-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrazine at the ratio of 80:20.
- MS: M=282.1, 284.2 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.72-1.80 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—C═), 1.94-2.01 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—N), 2.79 (t, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.42 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.51 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.69 (s, 1H, triazole), 8.17 (d, 1H, pyrazine), 8.57 (d, 1H, pyrazine).
- 5-Bromo-2-chloro-pyrimidine (0.500 g, 2.53 mmol), 1-but-3-ynyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazole (0.368 g, 3.03 mmol) and triethyl amine (NEt3) (5.0 ml) are dissolved in DMF (10 ml) and copper iodide (CuI) (0.052 g, 0.27 mmol) is added under stirring. After passing a stream of argon through the mixture for 10 min tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.149 g, 0.13 mmol) is added and stirring is continued for 4 h at 80° C. Dichloromethane (125 ml) is added, the mixture is washed with 0.5N hydrochloric acid (HCl) and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexanes 4:1) yielding 2-chloro-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrimidine as a colorless solid. Yield 373 mg (63%).
- MS: M=234 (API+)
- 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=3.10 (t, 2H, CH2—C≡), 4.63 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.64 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.72 (s, 1H, triazole) 8.54 (s, 2H, pyrimidine).
- 2-Chloro-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrimidine (2.52 g, 10.8 mmol) is dissolved in ethyl acetate (210 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 2.5 h at r.t. in the presence of palladium on calcium carbonate (10%, 2.55 g). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-chloro-5-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrimidine as a colorless solid. Yield 2.15 g (84%)
- MS: M=236.2, 238.2 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.60-1.68 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—C═), 1.94-2.02 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—N), 2.62 (t, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.42 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.50 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.70 (s, 1H, triazole), 8.41 (s, 2H, pyrimidine).
- 5-Bromo-2-iodo-pyrimidine (1.14 g, 4.0 mmol), 1-but-3-ynyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazole (0.533 g, 4.4 mmol) and triethyl amine (NEt3) (2 ml) are dissolved in DMF (1 ml) and copper iodide (CuI) (0.38 g, 0.2 mmol) is added under stirring. After passing a stream of argon through the mixture for 10 min bis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(II) dichloride (0.140 g, 0.2 mmol) is added and stirring is continued for 3 h at r.t. Chloroform (300 ml) is added; the mixture is washed with 1N HCl and water, dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography (chloroform (100%)->ethyl acetate (100%)) yielding 5-bromo-2-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrimidine as a beige solid.
- Yield 0.96 g (86%).
- MS: M=277.9 (ESI+)
- 5-Bromo-2-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-but-1-ynyl)-pyrimidine (1.50 g, 5.4 mmol) is dissolved in THF (400 ml) and hydrogenated at 3×103 Pa H2-pressure for 8 h at r.t. in the presence of palladium on calcium carbonate (10%, 1.20 g). The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 5-bromo-2-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrimidine as a colorless solid. Yield 1.34 g (88%).
- MS: M=282.1, 284.2 (ESI+)
- 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.83-1.90 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—C═), 1.95-2.04 (m, 2H, CH2—CH2—N), 2.97 (t, 2H, CH2—C═), 4.44 (t, 2H, CH2—N), 7.54 (s, 1H, triazole), 7.75 (s, 1H, triazole), 8.70 (s, 2H, pyrimidine).
- The different halogen-diazine-alkyne derivatives were dissolved in the appropriate solvent and hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction mixture is filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield 5-bromo-2-(4-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-butyl)-pyrimidine as a colorless solid. The used catalysts and reaction conditions (mol % catalyst, solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time) are listed in Table 1. The ratios of the obtained alkenes (A) and alkanes (B) were detected by 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3). Where the main products were isolated the yield is given.
-
TABLE 1 Educt: halogen- Main Product: halogen- Main Product: halogen- alkynyl-diazine alkenyl-diazine = A alkyl-diazine = B L = —C≡C—(CH2)2— Catalyst and Ratios/ Catalyst and Ratios/ 1-[1,2,3] triazole Conditions Yields Conditions Yields 9 mol % Pd/Pb onCaCO3 (5% (w/w)Pd)/8% (w/w) Pb)3 × 103Pa, ethylacetate (EtOAc),0.75 h, r,t, A:BI)92:8 22 mol %Pd/CaCO3,3 × 103Pa, EtOAc,2 h, r.t. A:BI)0:100(NMR)(isolatedYield84%) 22 mol %Pd/CaCO3, 3 × 103Pa, EtOAc, 2 h,r.t. A:BII)75:25 13 mol % Pd/C(10% (w/w) Pd),~1 × 105Pa,EtOAc, 2 h, r.t. A:B0:100(isolatedYield82%) 21 mol % A:BII) Pd/CaCO3, 0:100 3 × 103 Pa, (isolated tetrahydrofuran Yield (THF), 8 h, r.t. 88%) 22 mol %Pd/CaCO3, 3 × 103Pa, EtOAc, 2 h,r.t. A:BIII)94:6 22 mol % Pd/C(10% (w/w) Pd),3 × 103Pa, EtOAc,5 h, r.t. A:BIII)13:87(isolatedYield45%) 42 mol % PtO2, A:BIII) 3 × 103Pa, 0:100 methanol (isolated (MeOH), 4.5 h, Yield r.t. 58%) 22 mol % Pd/C(10% Pd), 3 × 103Pa, EtOAc, 6.5 h,r.t. A:BIII)65:35 22 mol % Pd/C(10% Pd), 3 × 103Pa, EtOAc, 17 h,r.t. A:BIII)61:39(isolatedYield45%) 22 mol % A:BIV) 30 mol % PtO2, A:BIV) Pd/CaCO3, 3 × 103 86:14 3 × 103Pa, 0:100 Pa, EtOAc, 4.5 h, (isolated MeOH, 1.5 h, r.t. (isolated r.t. Yield Yield 77%) 64%) - The ratios of the obtained alkenes (A) and alkanes (B) were detected by 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) according to the integrals of the following 1H-NMR-signals (underlined):
- I) —CH 2—CH2-triazole
II) —CH2—CH 2-triazole
III) —CH2—CH 2-triazole;
IV) —CH2—CH 2-triazole; -
- Draper, T. L., et al., J. Org. Chem. 60 (1995) 748-50
- Gacek, M., et al., Acta Chem. Scand. B39 (1985) 691-696
- Goodman, A. J., Tetrahedron 55 (1999) 15067-15070
- Pieterse, K., et al., Chemistry-A European Journal 9 (2003) 5597-5604
- Sato, N., J. Heterocyclic Chem., 19 (1982) 673-674
- Vlad, G., et al., J. Org. Chem. 67 (2002) 6550-6552
- EP 0 606 090
- EP 0 742 212
- WO 2004/006922
- WO 2004/000811
- Zhang, Y., et al., J. Med. Chem., 47 (2004) 2453-2465
Claims (12)
1-10. (canceled)
11. A process for the preparation of diazine derivatives of formula I:
(3) W is —CH2—CH2— or —CH═CH—;
(4) n is 1 to 10; and
(5) R1 is cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl;
comprising the steps of:
(a) coupling a diazine of formula II:
wherein:
(1) Y is iodine or bromine;
(2) X and ring A are defined as in formula I; and
(3) X and Y are not both bromine;
with a compound of formula IV:
HC═C—(CH2)n—R1 formula IV,
HC═C—(CH2)n—R1 formula IV,
wherein R1 is defined as in formula I;
to obtain the compounds of formula V:
(b) hydrogenating the compounds of formula V with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst;
to obtain the compounds of formula I.
13. A process according to claim 11 wherein:
(1) X is chlorine or bromine;
(2) n is 1 to 4; and
(3) R1 is cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl.
14. A process according to claim 11 wherein R1 is heteroaryl.
15. A process according to claim 11 wherein W is —CH═CH—.
16. A process according to claim 11 wherein W is —CH═CH—.
17. A process according to claim 15 wherein the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is Pd/C or PtO2
18. A process according to claim 15 wherein the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is PtO2.
19. A process according to claim 15 wherein the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is Pd/CaCO3.
20. A process according to claim 16 wherein the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is Pd/CaCO3.
21. A process according to claim 16 wherein the catalyst in the hydrogenation step is Pd/Pb/CaCO3.
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WO2003091247A2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Pharmacia Corporation | Piperidinyl-and piperazinyl-sulfonylmethyl hydroxamic acids and their use as protease inhibitors |
-
2005
- 2005-03-31 CN CNA2005800095119A patent/CN1934102A/en active Pending
- 2005-03-31 US US10/592,820 patent/US20080132699A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-31 EP EP05716459A patent/EP1737846A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-31 AU AU2005231936A patent/AU2005231936A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-31 TW TW094110174A patent/TW200602329A/en unknown
- 2005-03-31 JP JP2007505494A patent/JP2007530626A/en active Pending
- 2005-03-31 WO PCT/EP2005/003346 patent/WO2005097777A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-03-31 RU RU2006138424/04A patent/RU2006138424A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-31 CN CNA2005800095299A patent/CN1934106A/en active Pending
- 2005-03-31 AU AU2005231937A patent/AU2005231937A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-31 CA CA002561206A patent/CA2561206A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-31 WO PCT/EP2005/003347 patent/WO2005097785A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-31 BR BRPI0509394-5A patent/BRPI0509394A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-31 EP EP05779891A patent/EP1758897A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-31 KR KR1020067020524A patent/KR20060131958A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-03-31 AR ARP050101274A patent/AR048455A1/en unknown
- 2005-03-31 BR BRPI0509360-0A patent/BRPI0509360A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2005-03-31 RU RU2006138425/04A patent/RU2006138425A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-31 US US11/096,286 patent/US7179812B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-31 KR KR1020067020532A patent/KR100843533B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-31 CA CA002561203A patent/CA2561203A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
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US5681957A (en) * | 1995-05-11 | 1997-10-28 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the preparation of substituted 2-fluoro-pyrimidines |
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US7179812B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
TW200602329A (en) | 2006-01-16 |
KR100843533B1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
AR048455A1 (en) | 2006-04-26 |
RU2006138424A (en) | 2008-05-10 |
KR20060131958A (en) | 2006-12-20 |
WO2005097785A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
BRPI0509394A (en) | 2007-09-18 |
EP1758897A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
AU2005231936A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
CA2561206A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
JP2007530626A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
CA2561203A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
US20050222228A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
BRPI0509360A (en) | 2007-09-11 |
RU2006138425A (en) | 2008-06-20 |
JP2007530627A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
EP1737846A1 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
CN1934102A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
WO2005097777A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
CN1934106A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
AU2005231937A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
KR20070006822A (en) | 2007-01-11 |
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