US20080095654A1 - Manufacture of clutch components - Google Patents
Manufacture of clutch components Download PDFInfo
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- US20080095654A1 US20080095654A1 US11/585,297 US58529706A US2008095654A1 US 20080095654 A1 US20080095654 A1 US 20080095654A1 US 58529706 A US58529706 A US 58529706A US 2008095654 A1 US2008095654 A1 US 2008095654A1
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- metal blank
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to automotive clutch or transmission components and, more particularly, to so called one way clutches wherein one or more struts provide a mechanical coupling between opposed clutch faces and a pair of coaxially rotateable members.
- a thin flat strut is carried within each of the driving members' pockets such that a first longitudinal end may readily engage and bear against the shoulder defined by the corresponding recess in the driving member.
- the struts second, opposite longitudinal end is urged by spring force toward and against the driven member, thereby contacting a complimentary surface on the driven member.
- the materials and processing of such clutch components use high hardenability metals to produce the clutch components.
- Such materials can be used as backing plates in automotive transmissions.
- the metallic micro structure of such currently used materials is nearly 100% martensite which is strong and wear resistant.
- the clutch component is also susceptible to damage and localized injury from hot spots.
- hot spots are produced by interaction with mating friction plates made from a variety of friction materials. Temperatures in these hot spot zones can approach 1500° F. (815° C.) or more. Because the currently used materials are highly hardenable and the hot spot temperatures may exceed the critical temperature or austentizing temperature for steel, the metal in the area of the hot spots can be readily transformed into untempered martensite.
- Such untempered martensite areas on the backing plate face of the clutch component can be an initiation site for brittle fractures which can readily propagate causing ultimate clutch component failure.
- a low alloy constituent, low hardenability material is utilized that accordingly requires a more aggressive cooling or quenching operation to produce a strong martensitic wear resistant hard structure.
- the preferred method includes the traditional powder metallurgy operation of die compacting and sintering that is followed by a quenching operation wherein the sintered material is quenched in an environment of a cooling rate that results in a metallic microstructure that is 50-80% martensitic, 20-50% bainitic with a small portion of fine pearlite, generally less than 10%. Quenching may include other quench methods than atmospheric.
- the method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes the initial provision of a metal pre alloy powder comprising, by weight, 0.35-0.55% nickel, 0.50-0.85% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron, admixing an additional metal powder of 0.60-0.90% carbon and 1.0-3.0% copper metal powder to form an admixed metal powder.
- a suitable lubricant is added to the metal powder mixture to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- the lubricant is one of an EBS (Ethylene bis-stearamide) wax, metal stearates or other lubricant suitable for use in die compaction of metal powders.
- the lubricated admixed metal powder is then die compacted, usually at a pressure of between 40 and 65 tons per square inch in the forming die.
- the die compacted metal blank is then sintered in an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen mixture or other atmosphere suitable for sintering and sinter hardening.
- the sintering operation itself is usually conducted at a temperature above 2000° F. (1090° C.), and most usually at a temperature between 2000° F. (1090° C.) and 2350° F. (1290° C.) for a period of at least 10 minutes.
- the sintered metal blank itself is then cooled or quenched in a quenching or cooling operation that reduces the temperature of the sintered at a rate of 1.9° F./sec.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a clutch assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a clutch pocket plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a pocket plate of a clutch component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a notch plate of a clutch component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a notch plate of a clutch component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- an exemplary clutch assembly 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is seen to include a driving member 12 and a driven member 14 , both of which are rotateable about a common normal axis 16 .
- the exemplary clutch assembly 10 further includes a plurality of struts 18 , disposed between the driving member 12 on the driven member 14 .
- Struts 18 operate to mechanically couple the driving member 12 to the driven member 14 only when the driving member 12 rotates in a first direction relative to the driven member 14 .
- Such an arrangement is typically referred to as a one way clutch.
- the driving member 12 has a clutch face 22 that defines a first reference surface 24 that extends generally normal to the driving member's rotational axis 16 .
- a plurality of recesses are defined in clutch face 22 of driving member 12 , with each recess including a load-bearing shoulder that is operative to abuttingly engage a first end of a given strut 18 when the driving member 12 rotates in a first direction. While this embodiment of the invention contemplates any suitable configuration for the recesses of the driving member 12 , in the exemplary clutch assembly 10 each recess 26 of the driving member 12 is adapted to receive a respective one of the assembly's struts 18 . In such arrangement, struts 18 are nominally carried by the driving member 12 for rotation therewith about the axis 16 .
- Driven member 14 similarly includes a clutch face 34 , in close-spaced opposition to the clutch face 22 of the driving member 12 .
- Clutch face 34 also includes a reference surface 36 that extends generally normal to the driven member's rotational axis 16 .
- the driven member's clutch face 34 also includes a plurality of recesses 38 which exceed the number of recesses in the driving member 12 .
- Each of the driven member's recesses 38 is adapted to receive the second end of a given strut 18 when the strut's second end is urged into recess 38 . Such urging is typically by a spring seated beneath the strut 18 in the driving members recess.
- Each of the driven member's recesses 38 includes a load-bearing shoulder 46 that is operative to engage the second end of a given strut 18 when the driving member 12 rotates in the first direction relative to the driven member 14 .
- Driver member 14 includes a back face friction plate. This back face is subjected to intense localized heating in use.
- the material for the clutch or transmission components of the present invention is a low alloy, low hardenability material that is subjected to an aggressive cooling or quenching operation to produce a strong martensitic, wear resistant metallic structure.
- the method of the present invention results in clutch or transmission components that have the desired properties.
- a method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with one aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of providing an initial pre alloy metal powder comprising, by weight, 0.35-0.55% nickel, 0.50-0.85% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron. Then an additional 0.60-0.90% carbon, 1.0-3.0% copper metal powder are admixed to the initial metal powder to form an admixed metal powder. A suitable lubricant is added in accordance with powder metal practice to form a lubricated, admixed metal powder. The lubricated admixed metal powder is then die compacted, typically at a pressure of between 40 and 65 tons per square inch, to form a die compacted metal blank.
- the die compacted metal blank is then sintered to form a sintered metal blank.
- Such sintering typically is conducted at a temperature above 2000° F. (1090° C.), and more typically at a temperature between 2000° F. (1090° C.) and 2350° F. (1290° C.).
- the sintered metal blank which is, in one embodiment of the present invention, either the driven or driving clutch component mentioned above, is then cooled or quenched to form a cooled metal blank.
- the quenching or cooling operation reduces the temperature of the sintered metal blank from between 1600° F. (870° C.) to 2000° F. (1090° C.) to a temperature of 450° F. (230° C.) and 500° F. (260° C.).
- the cooled or quenched metal blank is then tempered at a temperature of between 350° F. (175° C.) and 450° F. (230° C.) for at least one hour.
- the resulting automotive component has a microstructure that is 50-80% martensitic, 20-50% bainitic, and a small percentage, usually less than 10%, fine pearlite.
- this resulting automotive component material does not transform as readily to martensite, the component does not respond to localized hot spots in clutch or transmission automotive service. Because there is almost no untempered martensite, the resulting microstructure, which is up to 50% bainitic, eliminates fracture initiation sites thereby extending the serviceable life of the clutch or transmission component. Reduction in hardenablity, as compared to the high hardenability materials previously used in such clutch brake or transmission components, reduces the materials propensity to re-hardening which further prohibits crack development and propagation.
- an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle sizes between 250 and 1 micron comprising, by weight, 0.45% nickel, 0.65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
- EBS 0.5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- the lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
- the die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050° F. for 15 minutes.
- the sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 5.4° F. (3.00° C.) per second from an initial temperature of (2000° F.) (1090° C.) to a temperature of (500° F.) (260° C.) per use.
- the quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380° F.) (190° C.) for 60 minutes.
- the resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 50-55% martensitic, 45-50% bainitic and ⁇ 5% fine pearlite.
- the Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA40.
- an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle sizes between 250 and 1 microns comprising, by weight, 0.45% nickel, 0.65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
- EBS 0.5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- the lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
- the die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050° F. for 15 minutes.
- the sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 1.9° F. (1.05° C.) per second from an initial temperature of (2000° F.) (1090° C.) to a temperature of (500° F.) (260° C.) per use.
- the quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380° F.) (1090° C.) for 60 minutes.
- the resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 60-65% martensitic, 35-40% bainitic and ⁇ 5% fine pearlite.
- the Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA50.
- an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle size between 250 and 1 micron comprising, by weight, 0.45% nickel, 0.65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
- EBS 5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- the lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
- the die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050 for 15 minutes.
- the sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 1.9° F. (1.0° C.) per second from an initial temperature of (2000° F.) (1090° C.) to a temperature of (500° F.) (260° C.) per use.
- the quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380° F.) (190° C.) for 60 minutes.
- the resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 80% martensitic, 20% bainitic and ⁇ 1% fine pearlite.
- the Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA58.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to automotive clutch or transmission components and, more particularly, to so called one way clutches wherein one or more struts provide a mechanical coupling between opposed clutch faces and a pair of coaxially rotateable members.
- As explained in U.S. Pat. No. 6,571,926, in such one way clutches, a driving member engages a driven member.
- A thin flat strut is carried within each of the driving members' pockets such that a first longitudinal end may readily engage and bear against the shoulder defined by the corresponding recess in the driving member. The struts second, opposite longitudinal end is urged by spring force toward and against the driven member, thereby contacting a complimentary surface on the driven member.
- The materials and processing of such clutch components use high hardenability metals to produce the clutch components. Such materials can be used as backing plates in automotive transmissions. The metallic micro structure of such currently used materials is nearly 100% martensite which is strong and wear resistant. However, because the subject clutch component operates in a contacting environment generating extreme heat, the clutch component is also susceptible to damage and localized injury from hot spots. Such hot spots are produced by interaction with mating friction plates made from a variety of friction materials. Temperatures in these hot spot zones can approach 1500° F. (815° C.) or more. Because the currently used materials are highly hardenable and the hot spot temperatures may exceed the critical temperature or austentizing temperature for steel, the metal in the area of the hot spots can be readily transformed into untempered martensite. Such untempered martensite areas on the backing plate face of the clutch component can be an initiation site for brittle fractures which can readily propagate causing ultimate clutch component failure.
- Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved automotive component that can withstand the temperatures generated in a clutch or brake in a transmission environment.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing an automotive component that can withstand the temperatures generated in a clutch or brake transmission component by use of powder metallurgy techniques including, die compacting, sintering, and quenching.
- In a preferred method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with the present invention, a low alloy constituent, low hardenability material is utilized that accordingly requires a more aggressive cooling or quenching operation to produce a strong martensitic wear resistant hard structure. The preferred method includes the traditional powder metallurgy operation of die compacting and sintering that is followed by a quenching operation wherein the sintered material is quenched in an environment of a cooling rate that results in a metallic microstructure that is 50-80% martensitic, 20-50% bainitic with a small portion of fine pearlite, generally less than 10%. Quenching may include other quench methods than atmospheric. Because this material does not have high relative hardenability and transform as readily to martensite at a quench rate between 1.9° F. and 5.5° F. per second, untempered martensite is not formed by localized hot spots in the operation of the automotive component. Because there is almost no untempered martensite in the metallic microstructure, resulting from high localized temperatures fracture initiation sites are sufficiently reduced. The service life of the automotive transmission or clutch brake component such as a backing plate is greatly extended. Further, the resulting micro structure from reduction in hardenability reduces the material's propensity to crack propagation in the finished component.
- The method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes the initial provision of a metal pre alloy powder comprising, by weight, 0.35-0.55% nickel, 0.50-0.85% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron, admixing an additional metal powder of 0.60-0.90% carbon and 1.0-3.0% copper metal powder to form an admixed metal powder. A suitable lubricant is added to the metal powder mixture to form a lubricated admixed metal powder. The lubricant is one of an EBS (Ethylene bis-stearamide) wax, metal stearates or other lubricant suitable for use in die compaction of metal powders.
- The lubricated admixed metal powder is then die compacted, usually at a pressure of between 40 and 65 tons per square inch in the forming die. The die compacted metal blank is then sintered in an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen mixture or other atmosphere suitable for sintering and sinter hardening. The sintering operation itself is usually conducted at a temperature above 2000° F. (1090° C.), and most usually at a temperature between 2000° F. (1090° C.) and 2350° F. (1290° C.) for a period of at least 10 minutes. The sintered metal blank itself is then cooled or quenched in a quenching or cooling operation that reduces the temperature of the sintered at a rate of 1.9° F./sec. (1.05° C./sec.) and 5.5° F./sec. (3.05° C./sec.) metal blank from between 1600° F. (870° C.) to 2000° F. (1090° C.), to a temperature of between 450° F. (230° C.) and 500° F. (260° C.). The quenched metal blank is then tempered at a temperature of between 350° F. (175° C.) and 450° F. (230° C.) for at least one hour to properly temper the quenched metal blank.
- In the drawings,
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a clutch assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a clutch pocket plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a pocket plate of a clutch component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a notch plate of a clutch component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a notch plate of a clutch component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. - Referring to
FIGS. 1-5 of the Drawings, anexemplary clutch assembly 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is seen to include adriving member 12 and a drivenmember 14, both of which are rotateable about a commonnormal axis 16. Theexemplary clutch assembly 10 further includes a plurality ofstruts 18, disposed between the drivingmember 12 on the drivenmember 14.Struts 18 operate to mechanically couple thedriving member 12 to the drivenmember 14 only when the drivingmember 12 rotates in a first direction relative to the drivenmember 14. Such an arrangement is typically referred to as a one way clutch. - More specifically, in the
exemplary clutch assembly 10, thedriving member 12 has aclutch face 22 that defines afirst reference surface 24 that extends generally normal to the driving member'srotational axis 16. A plurality of recesses are defined inclutch face 22 ofdriving member 12, with each recess including a load-bearing shoulder that is operative to abuttingly engage a first end of a givenstrut 18 when thedriving member 12 rotates in a first direction. While this embodiment of the invention contemplates any suitable configuration for the recesses of thedriving member 12, in theexemplary clutch assembly 10 each recess 26 of thedriving member 12 is adapted to receive a respective one of the assembly'sstruts 18. In such arrangement,struts 18 are nominally carried by the drivingmember 12 for rotation therewith about theaxis 16. -
Driven member 14 similarly includes aclutch face 34, in close-spaced opposition to theclutch face 22 of thedriving member 12.Clutch face 34 also includes a reference surface 36 that extends generally normal to the driven member'srotational axis 16. The driven member'sclutch face 34 also includes a plurality ofrecesses 38 which exceed the number of recesses in thedriving member 12. Each of the driven member'srecesses 38 is adapted to receive the second end of a givenstrut 18 when the strut's second end is urged intorecess 38. Such urging is typically by a spring seated beneath thestrut 18 in the driving members recess. Each of the driven member'srecesses 38 includes a load-bearingshoulder 46 that is operative to engage the second end of a givenstrut 18 when thedriving member 12 rotates in the first direction relative to the drivenmember 14.Driver member 14 includes a back face friction plate. This back face is subjected to intense localized heating in use. - The material for the clutch or transmission components of the present invention is a low alloy, low hardenability material that is subjected to an aggressive cooling or quenching operation to produce a strong martensitic, wear resistant metallic structure. The method of the present invention results in clutch or transmission components that have the desired properties.
- In general, a method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with one aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of providing an initial pre alloy metal powder comprising, by weight, 0.35-0.55% nickel, 0.50-0.85% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron. Then an additional 0.60-0.90% carbon, 1.0-3.0% copper metal powder are admixed to the initial metal powder to form an admixed metal powder. A suitable lubricant is added in accordance with powder metal practice to form a lubricated, admixed metal powder. The lubricated admixed metal powder is then die compacted, typically at a pressure of between 40 and 65 tons per square inch, to form a die compacted metal blank. The die compacted metal blank is then sintered to form a sintered metal blank. Such sintering typically is conducted at a temperature above 2000° F. (1090° C.), and more typically at a temperature between 2000° F. (1090° C.) and 2350° F. (1290° C.). The sintered metal blank, which is, in one embodiment of the present invention, either the driven or driving clutch component mentioned above, is then cooled or quenched to form a cooled metal blank. The quenching or cooling operation reduces the temperature of the sintered metal blank from between 1600° F. (870° C.) to 2000° F. (1090° C.) to a temperature of 450° F. (230° C.) and 500° F. (260° C.). It is desirable that such cooling or quenching be conducted at a rate between 1.9° F. (1.05° C.) and 5.5° F. (3.05° C.) per second. The cooled or quenched metal blank is then tempered at a temperature of between 350° F. (175° C.) and 450° F. (230° C.) for at least one hour. The resulting automotive component has a microstructure that is 50-80% martensitic, 20-50% bainitic, and a small percentage, usually less than 10%, fine pearlite.
- Because this resulting automotive component material does not transform as readily to martensite, the component does not respond to localized hot spots in clutch or transmission automotive service. Because there is almost no untempered martensite, the resulting microstructure, which is up to 50% bainitic, eliminates fracture initiation sites thereby extending the serviceable life of the clutch or transmission component. Reduction in hardenablity, as compared to the high hardenability materials previously used in such clutch brake or transmission components, reduces the materials propensity to re-hardening which further prohibits crack development and propagation.
- Certain examples of the method of carrying out the present invention follow:
- In a method of manufacturing an automotive clutch component, an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle sizes between 250 and 1 micron was provided comprising, by weight, 0.45% nickel, 0.65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
- An additional 0.7% graphite, and 1.75% copper metal powder of particle sizes between 150 and 1 micron, by weight, were admixed to form an admixed metal powder.
- 0.5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- The lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
- The die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050° F. for 15 minutes.
- The sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 5.4° F. (3.00° C.) per second from an initial temperature of (2000° F.) (1090° C.) to a temperature of (500° F.) (260° C.) per use. The quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380° F.) (190° C.) for 60 minutes.
- The resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 50-55% martensitic, 45-50% bainitic and <5% fine pearlite. The Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA40.
- In a method of manufacturing an automotive clutch component, an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle sizes between 250 and 1 microns was provided comprising, by weight, 0.45% nickel, 0.65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
- An additional 0.9% graphite, and 1.75% copper metal powder of particle size between 150 and 1 micron, by weight, were admixed to form an admixed metal powder.
- 0.5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- The lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
- The die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050° F. for 15 minutes.
- The sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 1.9° F. (1.05° C.) per second from an initial temperature of (2000° F.) (1090° C.) to a temperature of (500° F.) (260° C.) per use. The quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380° F.) (1090° C.) for 60 minutes.
- The resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 60-65% martensitic, 35-40% bainitic and <5% fine pearlite. The Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA50.
- In a method of manufacturing an automotive clutch component, an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle size between 250 and 1 micron was provided comprising, by weight, 0.45% nickel, 0.65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
- An additional 0.9% carbon, and 1.75% copper metal powder of particle size between 150 and 1 micron, by weight, were admixed to form an admixed metal powder.
- 5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
- The lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
- The die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050 for 15 minutes.
- The sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 1.9° F. (1.0° C.) per second from an initial temperature of (2000° F.) (1090° C.) to a temperature of (500° F.) (260° C.) per use. The quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380° F.) (190° C.) for 60 minutes.
- The resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 80% martensitic, 20% bainitic and <1% fine pearlite. The Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA58.
Claims (55)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/585,297 US20080095654A1 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2006-10-23 | Manufacture of clutch components |
EP07254067A EP1921174A3 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2007-10-12 | Manufacture of clutch components |
CNA2007101802565A CN101195164A (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2007-10-16 | Manufacture of clutch components |
KR1020070104873A KR20080036523A (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2007-10-18 | Manufacture of clutch components |
JP2007273569A JP2008169469A (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2007-10-22 | Method of manufacturing clutch component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/585,297 US20080095654A1 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2006-10-23 | Manufacture of clutch components |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080095654A1 true US20080095654A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
Family
ID=38969907
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/585,297 Abandoned US20080095654A1 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2006-10-23 | Manufacture of clutch components |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080095654A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1921174A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008169469A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20080036523A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101195164A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100116240A1 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2010-05-13 | Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc. | Multi-piece thin walled powder metal cylinder liners |
US20110214962A1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-08 | Means Industries, Inc. | Diecast coupling member for use in an engageable coupling assembly |
CN103357862A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-23 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Powder metallurgy gear and preparation method thereof |
CN103361565A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-23 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Ceramimetallurgical flange and manufacturing method thereof |
CN103567434A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-02-12 | 铜陵国方水暖科技有限责任公司 | Powder metallurgy flange and preparation method thereof |
CN103600065A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-26 | 富莱茵汽车部件有限公司 | Powder metallurgy gear and manufacturing method thereof |
CN107225247A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | A kind of automatic gearbox of vehicles clutch compressing disc |
CN107225364A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of automatic gearbox of vehicles clutch engagement signal wheel |
CN109128190A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-04 | 常熟市迅达粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of helical gear processing technology of thin-walled |
US20190168307A1 (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-06 | Champ Tech Optical (Foshan) Corporation | Method for manufacturing metal products of irregular shape |
Families Citing this family (4)
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JP5955498B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2016-07-20 | Ntn株式会社 | Manufacturing method of power transmission parts |
CN102672165A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-09-19 | 太仓市锦立得粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy process |
CN105499588A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 碧梦技(上海)复合材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy manufacturing technology of synchronizer gear hub |
CN112647023A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-13 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | Rack tooth block for automobile steering column energy absorption device and production process thereof |
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US5154881A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1992-10-13 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Method of making a sintered metal component |
US6203753B1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2001-03-20 | The Presmet Corporation | Method for preparing high performance ferrous materials |
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JPS60169501A (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-09-03 | Toyota Motor Corp | Ferrous alloy powder for sintering and forging |
US6338747B1 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-01-15 | Keystone Investment Corporation | Method for producing powder metal materials |
US6571926B2 (en) | 2001-02-12 | 2003-06-03 | Means Industries, Inc. | One-way clutch assembly featuring improved strut stability |
-
2006
- 2006-10-23 US US11/585,297 patent/US20080095654A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-10-12 EP EP07254067A patent/EP1921174A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-10-16 CN CNA2007101802565A patent/CN101195164A/en active Pending
- 2007-10-18 KR KR1020070104873A patent/KR20080036523A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-10-22 JP JP2007273569A patent/JP2008169469A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5154881A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1992-10-13 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Method of making a sintered metal component |
US6203753B1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2001-03-20 | The Presmet Corporation | Method for preparing high performance ferrous materials |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100116240A1 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2010-05-13 | Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc. | Multi-piece thin walled powder metal cylinder liners |
US20110214962A1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-08 | Means Industries, Inc. | Diecast coupling member for use in an engageable coupling assembly |
US8602189B2 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-12-10 | Means Industries, Inc. | Diecast coupling member for use in an engageable coupling assembly |
CN103357862A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-23 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Powder metallurgy gear and preparation method thereof |
CN103361565A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-23 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Ceramimetallurgical flange and manufacturing method thereof |
CN103567434A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-02-12 | 铜陵国方水暖科技有限责任公司 | Powder metallurgy flange and preparation method thereof |
CN103600065A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-26 | 富莱茵汽车部件有限公司 | Powder metallurgy gear and manufacturing method thereof |
CN107225247A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | A kind of automatic gearbox of vehicles clutch compressing disc |
CN107225364A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of automatic gearbox of vehicles clutch engagement signal wheel |
US20190168307A1 (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-06 | Champ Tech Optical (Foshan) Corporation | Method for manufacturing metal products of irregular shape |
US11065687B2 (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2021-07-20 | Champ Tech Optical (Foshan) Corporation | Method for manufacturing metal product with two blanks |
CN109128190A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-04 | 常熟市迅达粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of helical gear processing technology of thin-walled |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1921174A3 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
CN101195164A (en) | 2008-06-11 |
EP1921174A2 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
KR20080036523A (en) | 2008-04-28 |
JP2008169469A (en) | 2008-07-24 |
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