US20080094717A1 - Focus lens array with crosstalk reduction - Google Patents
Focus lens array with crosstalk reduction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080094717A1 US20080094717A1 US11/773,834 US77383407A US2008094717A1 US 20080094717 A1 US20080094717 A1 US 20080094717A1 US 77383407 A US77383407 A US 77383407A US 2008094717 A1 US2008094717 A1 US 2008094717A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lens
- section
- optical axes
- housing
- lens array
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/005—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B3/0031—Replication or moulding, e.g. hot embossing, UV-casting, injection moulding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/022—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses lens and mount having complementary engagement means, e.g. screw/thread
Definitions
- the present invention relates to optics. More specifically, the present invention discloses an array of lenses for high-resolution imaging of a surface.
- the lens for a one to one imaging optical scanner is a rod lens array.
- FIG. 1 a perspective drawing of a prior-art rod lens array 100 .
- the rod lens array 100 is constructed from a plurality of fiber optic rod lenses 110 .
- Each individual fiber optic rod lens 110 is cut from a fiber optic glass strand, and its ends must be polished.
- the plurality of fiber optic rod lenses 110 are then arranged side by side, in a row or multiple rows with their optical axes in parallel, in a frame 120 and held in place by an adhesive layer 130 .
- the fiber optic rod lenses 110 are typically made from GRIN (graduated index) fibers, with the refractive index of the glass carefully controlled during manufacture to have a graduated refractive index that decreases radially from the central axis to the edge.
- GRIN graduated index
- GRIN type fiber optic glass strands are expensive in and of themselves; cutting and polishing the strands to precise lengths to form fiber optic rod lenses 110 , assembling them so that their axes are precisely parallel in the frame 120 , and gluing the fiber optic rod lenses 110 are all precision steps for which entire technologies have had to be developed in order to satisfy requirements.
- a major disadvantage of this type of lens is that because of the number of lenses and the difficulty in orienting them, it is not practical to shape the ends of the lenses so that they can magnify the surface that they are imaging; flat ends are used.
- it is necessary to use larger numbers of smaller-diameter rod lenses 110 In order to increase the imaging resolution, it is necessary to use larger numbers of smaller-diameter rod lenses 110 , limiting the maximum resolution and driving up the costs as the desired resolution increases.
- suppliers for the necessary GRIN fiber optic strands are limited, and thus the base materials themselves are expensive.
- the present invention provides a lens array where pluralities of lens faces are molded into surfaces of polymer bars, thus simplifying manufacturing, using inexpensive materials, and aligning the lenses without requiring significant manufacturing infrastructure.
- the present invention further provides a lens array where the lens faces are configurable at the time of design to support increased resolution.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective drawing of a prior art rod lens array
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention
- FIG. 3 a is a drawing of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 3 b is a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 3 c is a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 4 a is a drawing of a first surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 4 b is a drawing of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 4 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis;
- FIG. 5 is a drawing of a cross-section of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention across a width of the first lens section;
- FIG. 6 a is a drawing of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 6 b is a drawing of an end of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 6 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a first end of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis;
- FIG. 6 d is a drawing of a cross-section of a second end of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis;
- FIG. 7 a is a drawing of a first surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 7 b is a drawing of a second surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 7 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis;
- FIG. 8 a is a drawing of a first surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 8 b is a drawing of a cross-section of an end of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis;
- FIG. 9 is a drawing of a cross-section of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention across a width of the second lens section;
- FIG. 10 a is a detail drawing of a first end of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 10 b is a detail drawing of a second end of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 10 c is a detail drawing of an end of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 10 d is a detail drawing of an end of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 11 a is a perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 b is a drawing of a lens array of the present invention mounted to a printed circuit board, with the view in line with the optical axis;
- FIG. 11 c is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention mounted to a printed circuit board, along the long axis;
- FIG. 12 a is a top view of a lens array of the present invention in a frame mounted to a printed circuit board;
- FIG. 12 b is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention in relation to a printed circuit board, along the long axis;
- FIG. 12 c is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention in relation to a printed circuit board, across the width of the lens array and printed circuit board;
- FIG. 13A is a top view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13B is a cross sectional view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13C is a bottom view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13D is a 3-dimensional drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14A is a cross sectional view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14B is a bottom view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14C is a side view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14D is a top view drawing illustrating a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14E is a 3-dimensional drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15A is a cross sectional view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15B is a top view of the first housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15C is a side view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15D is a bottom view of the second housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15E is a 3-dimensional drawing illustrating the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 16A and 16B are cross sectional views illustrating light pathways through a lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention.
- the lens array 200 of this embodiment consists of a stop 240 , a first lens section 210 , three spacers 221 , 222 , 223 , and a second lens section 230 .
- Each component is discussed in further detail below.
- the number of spacers may vary between embodiments depending on design considerations. Only one spacer is required, but two or more may be used; the example embodiment uses three spacers.
- a frame (not shown) may optionally enclose the perimeter of the assembled lens array 200 , providing support, mounting, and protection, and blocking external light.
- FIG. 6 b is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention in relation to a printed circuit board. This figure will be discussed in greater detail later; until then, note the distance 201 between the optical axes of two adjacent lens surfaces, referred to hereafter as the inter-axis distance 201 .
- FIG. 3 a is a drawing of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination with FIG. 10 a and FIG. 10 b , which are detail drawings of the same part as marked in FIG. 3 a by A and B respectively.
- the stop 240 has a plurality of holes 241 organized such that the centers of the holes form a line down the center of the spacer.
- the first plurality of holes 241 are spaced apart equally by the inter-axis distance.
- the first plurality of holes 241 are circular, oval, cylindrical, or conical.
- a plurality of notches 242 is positioned to mate with a plurality of ears 211 e of the first surface 211 of the first lens section 210 .
- a locating hole 243 near one end of the stop 240 is sized and positioned to fit around the phasing post 351 of the first lens array.
- FIG. 3 b is a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination with FIG. 10 c , which is a detail of one end of the part as marked in FIG. 3 b by C.
- the third spacer 223 is substantially identical to the first spacer 221 and is not shown separately here.
- the first and third spacers 221 , 223 have a plurality of holes 410 organized such that the centers of the holes form a line down the center of the spacer.
- the holes 410 are spaced apart equally by one inter-axis distance 201 .
- the holes 410 may be tapered right conic frustums or they may be cylindrical.
- a plurality of notches 420 is positioned to mate with the ears 211 e of the lens arrays.
- a locating hole 430 near one end of the first and third spacers 221 , 223 is sized and positioned to fit around the phasing post 350 of the second lens array.
- the locating hole 430 and the plurality of notches 420 serve to locate and hold the first and third spacers 221 , 223 in alignment with the first and/or second lens sections 210 , 230 so that the centers of the holes 410 are centered on the lens axes.
- the minimum diameter of the holes 410 is the outer diameter of the lens faces molded into the surface against which the spacer is disposed.
- FIG. 3 c is also a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination with FIG. 10 d , which is a detail of the same part, noted in FIG. 3 c by D.
- the spacer 222 is similar to the first spacer 221 and third spacer 223 except that the diameter of the plurality of holes 411 are smaller.
- the plurality of holes 411 are spaced apart equally by one inter-axis distance 201 .
- the notches 421 are the same size as the notches 420 of the spacers 221 , 223 .
- FIG. 4 a is a drawing of a first surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis.
- Two section lines A-A and B-B are marked for use in FIG. 4 c and FIG. 5 respectively.
- FIG. 4 a shows the first surface 211 of the first lens section 210 .
- the first surface 211 has a channel 211 c down the center of the lens, and a first plurality of lens surfaces 213 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by one inter-axis distance 201 .
- the line of the centers of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 in this example embodiment is along the center line of the channel 211 c .
- a plurality of ears 211 e is formed along the edges 211 a , 211 b of the first lens surface 211 of the first lens section 210 , such that the ears 211 e are sized and spaced to mate with the notches 242 of the stop 240 .
- the width of the first lens section 210 is substantially the same as the width of the stop 240 .
- a first post 211 p is located at one end of the first lens section 210 , sized and positioned to mate with the locating hole 243 of the stop 240 .
- a surface of the stop 240 fits snugly against the faces of the edges 211 a , 211 b with notches 242 mating to ears 211 e so that the plurality of holes 241 of the spacer 240 are lined up with their centers on the optical axes of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 .
- the locating hole 243 and the plurality of notches 242 serve to locate and hold the stop 240 in alignment with the first lens section 210 so that the centers of the holes 241 are substantially on the optical axes of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 .
- FIG. 4 b is a drawing of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination with FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b , which are detail drawings of the same part as marked by C and D in FIG. 4 a , respectively.
- These figures show the second surface 212 of the first lens section 210 .
- the second surface 212 has a channel 212 c down the center of the lens, and a second plurality of lens surfaces 214 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by one inter-axis distance 201 .
- the line of the centers of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 in this example embodiment is along the center line of the channel 212 c .
- a plurality of ears 212 e is formed along the edges 212 a , 212 b of the first lens surface 212 of the first lens section 210 , such that the ears 212 e are sized and spaced to mate with the notches 420 of the first spacer 221 .
- the width of the first lens section 210 is substantially the same as the width of the first spacer 221 .
- a first hole 212 h is located and sized to mate with a second post 231 p (see FIG. 7 a , FIG. 7 c , and FIG. 8 b ) of the second lens section 230 (see FIG.
- a surface of the first spacer 221 fits snugly against the faces of the edges 212 a , 212 b with notches 420 mating to ears 212 e so that the plurality of holes 410 are lined up with their centers on the optical axes of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 .
- FIG. 4 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis, in combination with FIG. 6 c and FIG. 6 d , which are detail drawings of the same part for the details marked in FIG. 4 c by E and F respectively.
- the cross-section view also shows the distal portion of the lens in the background. The cross-section cuts across the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 and the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 , as well as the first post 211 p and first hole 212 h .
- the second edges 211 b , 212 b and ears 211 e , 212 e are visible in the background, behind the channels 211 c , 212 c .
- a first post 211 p for positioning a stop 240 is located on the first surface 211 .
- Several first lens surfaces of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 are located in the channel 211 c .
- Several second lens surfaces of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 are located in the channel 212 c .
- the first hole 212 h is located in the second surface 212 .
- the plurality of optical axes of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 are inline with the plurality of optical axes of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 .
- the optical axes of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 are aligned with the optical axes of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 and that the number of lens surfaces in the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 is the same as the number of lens surfaces in the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 .
- FIG. 5 is a cross-section drawing of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention across a width of the first lens section.
- This cross-section cuts along the optical axes of a pair of lens surfaces consisting of one of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 in channel 211 c and one of a lens surface of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 in channel 212 c , two ears of the plurality of ears 211 e , and two ears of the plurality of ears 212 e .
- Visible in the background is the first post 211 p .
- Edges 211 a and 211 b against which the stop 240 (not shown) will be placed when assembled, are shown.
- Edges 212 a and 212 b against which the first spacer 221 will be placed when assembled, are also shown.
- FIG. 7 a is a drawing of a third surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination with FIG. 8 a , which is a detail of the same part for the region marked in FIG. 7 a by C.
- Two section lines A-A and B-B are marked for use in FIG. 7 c and FIG. 9 respectively.
- FIG. 7 a shows the third surface 211 of the second lens section 230 .
- the third surface 231 has a channel 231 c down the center of the lens, and a third plurality of second lens surfaces 233 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by one inter-axis distance 201 .
- the line of the centers of the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 in this example embodiment is along the center line of the channel 231 c .
- a plurality of ears 231 e is formed along the edges 231 a , 231 b of the second lens surface 231 of the second lens section 230 , such that the ears 231 e are sized and spaced to mate with the notches 410 of the first spacer 221 , the notches 411 of the second spacer 222 , and the notches 410 of the third spacer 223 .
- the ears 231 e are substantially longer than the ears 212 e on the first lens section 210 , and mate with the notches on all three spacers, compared with the first lens section 210 only mating with the notches on the first spacer 221 , but this is implementation-dependent and may vary in practice.
- the width of the second lens section 230 is substantially the same as the width of the first spacer 221 , second spacer 222 , and third spacer 223 .
- a second post 231 p is located at one end of the second lens section 230 , sized and positioned to mate with the locating hole 430 of the first spacer 221 , the locating hole 431 of the second spacer 222 , the locating hole 430 of the third spacer 223 , and the first hole 212 h of the first lens section 210 .
- This second post 231 p is stepped down in diameter since the locating holes 430 , 431 , 430 are larger in diameter than the first hole 212 h (see further discussion for FIG. 8 b ).
- a surface of the third spacer 223 fits snugly against the faces of the edges 231 a , 231 b with notches 420 mating to ears 231 e so that the plurality of holes 410 are lined up with their centers on the optical axes of the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 .
- FIG. 7 b is a drawing of a second surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis.
- FIG. 7 b shows the second surface 232 of the second lens section 230 .
- the second surface 232 has a channel 232 c down the center of the lens, and a fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by one inter-axis distance 201 .
- the line of the centers of the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 in this example embodiment is along the center line of the channel 232 c .
- the edges to the sides 232 a , 232 b help protect the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 from handling damage during manufacture.
- FIG. 7 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis, in combination with FIG. 8 b , which is a detail of the same part as marked in drawing 7 c by D.
- the cross-section view also shows the distal portion of the lens in the background.
- the cross-section cuts across the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 and the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 , as well as the second post 231 p , which has a section of a first diameter 231 p 1 and a section of a second diameter 231 p 2 .
- the section 231 p 1 is larger in diameter than the section 231 p 2 ; the section 231 p 1 is designed to mate with the locating holes 430 , 431 , 430 in the first spacer 221 , second spacer 222 , and third spacer 223 respectively.
- the section 231 p 2 is designed to mate with the first hole 212 h of the first lens section 210 .
- the second edges 231 b , 232 b and ears 231 e are visible in the background, behind the channels 231 c , 232 c .
- optical axes of the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 are aligned with the optical axes of the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 and that the number of lens surfaces in the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 is the same as the number of lens surfaces in the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 .
- FIG. 11 a a perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention, in combination with FIG. 12 b and FIG. 12 c , cross sections of a lens array of the present invention.
- the lens array 200 is assembled with a frame 250 (not shown) so that it is held at a fixed distance from a sensor 260 which is mounted on a printed-circuit board (PCB) 270 .
- the stop 240 is positioned against the first surface 211 of the first lens section 210 .
- the first spacer 221 is positioned with one face against the second surface 212 of the first lens section 210 , with its notches 420 aligned with and held in place by the ears 212 e , which extend only partially through the depth of the plurality of notches 420 of the first spacer 221 ; one face of the second spacer 222 is positioned against the other face of the first spacer 221 ; and then one face of the third spacer 223 is positioned against the other face of the second spacer 222 ; finally, the other face of the third spacer 223 is positioned against the third surface 231 of the second lens section 230 .
- the second post 231 p of the second lens section 230 fits its larger-diameter segment 231 p 1 through the locating holes 430 , 431 , 430 of the first spacer 221 , second spacer 222 , and third spacer 223 respectively; and the longer ears 231 e of the second lens section 230 fit through the notches 420 , 421 , 420 of the first spacer 221 , second spacer 222 , and third spacer 223 respectively.
- the smaller-diameter segment 231 p 2 of the second post 231 p fits into the first hole 212 h of the second surface 212 of the first lens section 210 .
- the ears 231 e of the second lens section 230 abut the ears of the first lens section 210 .
- the ears, posts, holes, and notches combine to hold the stop 240 , the three spacers 221 , 222 , 223 , and the two lens sections 210 , 230 in alignment.
- FIG. 11 b a top view of the lens array of the present invention assembled with a PCB, in combination with FIG. 12 a , a detail view of the same assembly, as marked on FIG. 11 b by B.
- a cross-section used in FIG. 11 c and FIG. 12 b is marked with the section line A-A.
- the lens array 200 is assembled inside a frame 250 which secures the lens to the PCB 270 .
- the stop 240 is fitted against the first surface, and the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 of the first surface 211 of the first lens section 210 is visible through the plurality of holes 241 in the stop.
- the lens surfaces of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 have identical diameters and optical radii.
- the lens surfaces of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 have identical diameters and optical radii.
- the lens surfaces of the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 have identical diameters and optical radii.
- the lens surfaces of the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 have identical diameters and optical radii.
- the four pluralities of lens surfaces 213 , 214 , 233 , 234 are identical in number and in the center-to-center spacing of the lens faces.
- the four pluralities of holes 410 , 411 , 410 , 241 from the first spacer 221 , second spacer 222 , third spacer 223 , and stop 240 also are identical both in number and in the center-to-center spacing of the holes to the four pluralities of lens surfaces.
- the optical axes of the four pluralities of lens surfaces, and the centers of the four pluralities of holes are all aligned, thus forming a single plurality of lens units.
- Each quad of four lens faces, one from each of the four pluralities above, positioned on the same optical axis forms a lens unit with a lens axis.
- One embodiment for imaging A4 sized paper at 300 dpi has 330 lens units. Note that there is no restriction on the configuration of the lens units; although this example embodiment shows an array in a single line, two or more lines of lens units can be used, organized in a square grid, or a rectangular grid, or hexagonally.
- FIG. 11 c a cross-section view of the lens array of the present invention assembled with a PCB, in combination with FIG. 12 b , a detail view of the same assembly, as marked on FIG. 11 c by C.
- a line at the top of FIG. 12 b represents the object plane 280 , which corresponds to a surface to be imaged.
- the stop 240 is proximal to the object plane 280 , along with the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 .
- the plurality of lens surfaces gathers and focuses light reflected from the surface so that the light travels in a divergent beam through the first lens section to the second plurality of lens surfaces 214 .
- the light is generated by an external source.
- the first spacer 221 , second spacer 222 , and third spacer 223 block and absorb scattered light, while the pluralities of holes 420 , 421 , 420 allow desired, focused light to reach the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 .
- the light then transits the second lens section and exits through the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234 , which focuses the light onto the sensor 260 mounted on the PCB 270 .
- the first lens section and second lens section are preferably made of a refractive, substantially transparent polymer.
- the spacer(s), stop, and frame are preferably made of an opaque polymer, preferably black, to absorb and/or block undesirable scattered or external light.
- One or more spacers can be used; using fewer spacers reduces manufacturing costs.
- FIG. 13A is a top view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 13B which is a cross sectional view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 13C which is a bottom view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 13D which is a 3-dimensional drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the lens array comprises two housed lens; a first housed lens and a second housed lens. Both of the housed lens comprise a plurality of lens disposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the lens sections.
- the first housed lens 1300 comprises a plurality of first lenses 1330 on the top surface of the first lens section 1320 and a plurality of second lenses 1340 on the bottom surface of the first lens section 1320 .
- the lens section is transparent.
- the first lens section 1320 is encased in a first lens housing 1310 .
- the first lens housing 1310 is made of black plastic or other light absorbing material.
- the first lens housing 1310 has holes which expose the plurality of first lenses 1330 and second lenses 1340 .
- the first lens housing 1310 further comprises a plurality of slots 1350 .
- the spacers prevented unwanted light from entering the lenses.
- the edges of the holes in the first lens housing 1310 extend all the way to the edges of the lenses 1330 1340 . Additionally, the thickness of the first lens housing 1310 is greater than the spacers in the previous embodiments.
- the lens section is molded and then placed into another mold as an insert and the lens housing is molded around the lens section.
- FIG. 14A is a cross sectional view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14B which is a bottom view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14C which is a side view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14D which is a top view drawing illustrating a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14E which is a 3-dimensional drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the second housed lens 1400 comprises a plurality of first lenses 1430 on the top surface of the second lens section 1420 and a plurality of second lenses 1440 on the bottom surface of the second lens section 1420 .
- the lens section is transparent.
- the second lens section 1420 is encased in a second lens housing 1410 .
- the second lens housing 1410 is made of black plastic or other light absorbing material.
- the second lens housing 1410 has holes which expose the plurality of first lenses 1430 and second lenses 1440 .
- the second lens housing 1410 further comprises a plurality of tabs 1460 .
- FIG. 15A which is a cross sectional view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 15B which is a top view of the first housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 15C which is a side view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 15D which is a bottom view of the second housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 15E which is a 3-dimensional drawing illustrating the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the tabs of the second lens housing mate with the plurality of slots of the first lens housing.
- the mating tabs and slots hold the first housed lens 1300 and second housed lens 1400 together to form the lens array assembly 1500 .
- FIGS. 16A and 16B are cross sectional views illustrating light pathways through a lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- An advantage of the present invention is that due to the wall thickness of the first and second lens housings and the housings extend to the edges of the individual lenses, cross-talk is prevented.
- FIG. 16B if the lens assembly doesn't have a suitable lens housing, light can pass between lenses and result in ghosting. However, as shown in FIG. 16A , if light passes from one lens into the hole of the housing, the light is absorbed by the wall of the housing thus preventing the undesirable light from entering the adjacent lens. As a result, cross-talk is eliminated and ghosting is prevented.
- the holes in the top and bottom of the first lens housing and the holes in the top of the second lens housing encircle the lenses of the first lens section and the second lens section. Also, little or no gap exists between the lens sections between the lenses and the lens housings.
- the dots per inch (DPI) resolution of the lens array is adjustable at design time by changing the optical radii, conic constant, or aspherical coefficients of the four lens groups.
- the lens array can be designed to magnify the surface being imaged.
- the lens array thus provides a substantial improvement over the prior art by reducing manufacturing complexity and materials costs. Furthermore, the lens array makes it substantially less difficult to increase the resolution of a device using the lens array compared to the prior art.
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A focus optical lens array assembly has two lens sections each encased in a housing. The housings are made of black polymer to block unwanted scattered or external light. The lens assembly can all be made by injection-molding. Notches, locating holes, posts, and ears serve to orient and align the parts, and to prevent incorrect assembly. The housings include a plurality of holes that extend to the edge of the individual lenses. This prevents any unwanted light from passing to other adjacent lenses. As a result, cross-talk is reduced and ghosting is prevented.
Description
- This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/182,205, filed on Jul. 15, 2005.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to optics. More specifically, the present invention discloses an array of lenses for high-resolution imaging of a surface.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
- Traditionally, the lens for a one to one imaging optical scanner is a rod lens array. Please refer to
FIG. 1 , a perspective drawing of a prior-artrod lens array 100. Therod lens array 100 is constructed from a plurality of fiberoptic rod lenses 110. Each individual fiberoptic rod lens 110 is cut from a fiber optic glass strand, and its ends must be polished. The plurality of fiberoptic rod lenses 110 are then arranged side by side, in a row or multiple rows with their optical axes in parallel, in aframe 120 and held in place by anadhesive layer 130. The fiberoptic rod lenses 110 are typically made from GRIN (graduated index) fibers, with the refractive index of the glass carefully controlled during manufacture to have a graduated refractive index that decreases radially from the central axis to the edge. - However, this type of lens is expensive to manufacture. GRIN type fiber optic glass strands are expensive in and of themselves; cutting and polishing the strands to precise lengths to form fiber
optic rod lenses 110, assembling them so that their axes are precisely parallel in theframe 120, and gluing the fiberoptic rod lenses 110 are all precision steps for which entire technologies have had to be developed in order to satisfy requirements. - In addition, a major disadvantage of this type of lens is that because of the number of lenses and the difficulty in orienting them, it is not practical to shape the ends of the lenses so that they can magnify the surface that they are imaging; flat ends are used. In order to increase the imaging resolution, it is necessary to use larger numbers of smaller-
diameter rod lenses 110, limiting the maximum resolution and driving up the costs as the desired resolution increases. Furthermore, suppliers for the necessary GRIN fiber optic strands are limited, and thus the base materials themselves are expensive. - Therefore there is need for an improved lens array for which materials are substantially cheaper and which is simpler to manufacture, and which can have increased resolution without substantially increasing costs.
- To achieve these and other advantages and in order to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional method in accordance with the purpose of the invention as embodied and broadly described herein, the present invention provides a lens array where pluralities of lens faces are molded into surfaces of polymer bars, thus simplifying manufacturing, using inexpensive materials, and aligning the lenses without requiring significant manufacturing infrastructure.
- The present invention further provides a lens array where the lens faces are configurable at the time of design to support increased resolution.
- These and other objectives of the present invention will become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments.
- It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
- The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective drawing of a prior art rod lens array; -
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 a is a drawing of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 3 b is a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 3 c is a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 4 a is a drawing of a first surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 4 b is a drawing of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 4 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis; -
FIG. 5 is a drawing of a cross-section of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention across a width of the first lens section; -
FIG. 6 a is a drawing of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 6 b is a drawing of an end of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 6 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a first end of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis; -
FIG. 6 d is a drawing of a cross-section of a second end of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis; -
FIG. 7 a is a drawing of a first surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 7 b is a drawing of a second surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 7 c is a drawing of a cross-section of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis; -
FIG. 8 a is a drawing of a first surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 8 b is a drawing of a cross-section of an end of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis; -
FIG. 9 is a drawing of a cross-section of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention across a width of the second lens section; -
FIG. 10 a is a detail drawing of a first end of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 10 b is a detail drawing of a second end of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 10 c is a detail drawing of an end of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 10 d is a detail drawing of an end of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 11 a is a perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention; -
FIG. 11 b is a drawing of a lens array of the present invention mounted to a printed circuit board, with the view in line with the optical axis; -
FIG. 11 c is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention mounted to a printed circuit board, along the long axis; -
FIG. 12 a is a top view of a lens array of the present invention in a frame mounted to a printed circuit board; -
FIG. 12 b is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention in relation to a printed circuit board, along the long axis; -
FIG. 12 c is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention in relation to a printed circuit board, across the width of the lens array and printed circuit board; -
FIG. 13A is a top view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 13B is a cross sectional view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 13C is a bottom view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 13D is a 3-dimensional drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14A is a cross sectional view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14B is a bottom view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14C is a side view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14D is a top view drawing illustrating a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14E is a 3-dimensional drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15A is a cross sectional view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15B is a top view of the first housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15C is a side view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15D is a bottom view of the second housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15E is a 3-dimensional drawing illustrating the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIGS. 16A and 16B are cross sectional views illustrating light pathways through a lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. - Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.
- Please refer to
FIG. 2 , which shows an exploded perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention. Thelens array 200 of this embodiment consists of astop 240, afirst lens section 210, threespacers second lens section 230. Each component is discussed in further detail below. The number of spacers may vary between embodiments depending on design considerations. Only one spacer is required, but two or more may be used; the example embodiment uses three spacers. A frame (not shown) may optionally enclose the perimeter of the assembledlens array 200, providing support, mounting, and protection, and blocking external light. - Please refer momentarily to
FIG. 6 b, which is a cross-section drawing of a lens array of the present invention in relation to a printed circuit board. This figure will be discussed in greater detail later; until then, note thedistance 201 between the optical axes of two adjacent lens surfaces, referred to hereafter as theinter-axis distance 201. - Please refer to
FIG. 3 a, which is a drawing of a surface of a stop for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination withFIG. 10 a andFIG. 10 b, which are detail drawings of the same part as marked inFIG. 3 a by A and B respectively. Thestop 240 has a plurality ofholes 241 organized such that the centers of the holes form a line down the center of the spacer. The first plurality ofholes 241 are spaced apart equally by the inter-axis distance. The first plurality ofholes 241 are circular, oval, cylindrical, or conical. Along the edges of thestop 240, a plurality ofnotches 242 is positioned to mate with a plurality ofears 211 e of thefirst surface 211 of thefirst lens section 210. A locatinghole 243 near one end of thestop 240 is sized and positioned to fit around the phasing post 351 of the first lens array. - Please refer to
FIG. 3 b, which is a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination withFIG. 10 c, which is a detail of one end of the part as marked inFIG. 3 b by C. Thethird spacer 223 is substantially identical to thefirst spacer 221 and is not shown separately here. The first andthird spacers holes 410 organized such that the centers of the holes form a line down the center of the spacer. Theholes 410 are spaced apart equally by oneinter-axis distance 201. Theholes 410 may be tapered right conic frustums or they may be cylindrical. Along the sides of the spacer 220, a plurality ofnotches 420 is positioned to mate with theears 211 e of the lens arrays. A locatinghole 430 near one end of the first andthird spacers hole 430 and the plurality ofnotches 420 serve to locate and hold the first andthird spacers second lens sections holes 410 are centered on the lens axes. The minimum diameter of theholes 410 is the outer diameter of the lens faces molded into the surface against which the spacer is disposed. -
FIG. 3 c is also a drawing of a surface of a spacer for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination withFIG. 10 d, which is a detail of the same part, noted inFIG. 3 c by D. Thespacer 222 is similar to thefirst spacer 221 andthird spacer 223 except that the diameter of the plurality ofholes 411 are smaller. The plurality ofholes 411 are spaced apart equally by oneinter-axis distance 201. Thenotches 421 are the same size as thenotches 420 of thespacers - Please refer to
FIG. 4 a, which is a drawing of a first surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis. Two section lines A-A and B-B are marked for use inFIG. 4 c andFIG. 5 respectively.FIG. 4 a shows thefirst surface 211 of thefirst lens section 210. Thefirst surface 211 has achannel 211 c down the center of the lens, and a first plurality oflens surfaces 213 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by oneinter-axis distance 201. The line of the centers of the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 in this example embodiment is along the center line of thechannel 211 c. A plurality ofears 211 e is formed along theedges first lens surface 211 of thefirst lens section 210, such that theears 211 e are sized and spaced to mate with thenotches 242 of thestop 240. The width of thefirst lens section 210 is substantially the same as the width of thestop 240. Afirst post 211 p is located at one end of thefirst lens section 210, sized and positioned to mate with the locatinghole 243 of thestop 240. A surface of thestop 240 fits snugly against the faces of theedges notches 242 mating toears 211 e so that the plurality ofholes 241 of thespacer 240 are lined up with their centers on the optical axes of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213. The locatinghole 243 and the plurality ofnotches 242 serve to locate and hold thestop 240 in alignment with thefirst lens section 210 so that the centers of theholes 241 are substantially on the optical axes of the first plurality of lens surfaces 213. - Please refer to
FIG. 4 b, which is a drawing of a second surface of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination withFIG. 6 a andFIG. 6 b, which are detail drawings of the same part as marked by C and D inFIG. 4 a, respectively. These figures show thesecond surface 212 of thefirst lens section 210. Thesecond surface 212 has achannel 212 c down the center of the lens, and a second plurality oflens surfaces 214 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by oneinter-axis distance 201. The line of the centers of the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 in this example embodiment is along the center line of thechannel 212 c. A plurality ofears 212 e is formed along theedges first lens surface 212 of thefirst lens section 210, such that theears 212 e are sized and spaced to mate with thenotches 420 of thefirst spacer 221. The width of thefirst lens section 210 is substantially the same as the width of thefirst spacer 221. Afirst hole 212 h is located and sized to mate with asecond post 231 p (seeFIG. 7 a,FIG. 7 c, andFIG. 8 b) of the second lens section 230 (seeFIG. 7 a,FIG. 7 b,FIG. 7 c,FIG. 8 a,FIG. 8 b, andFIG. 9 ). A surface of thefirst spacer 221 fits snugly against the faces of theedges notches 420 mating toears 212 e so that the plurality ofholes 410 are lined up with their centers on the optical axes of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214. - Please refer to
FIG. 4 c, which is a drawing of a cross-section of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis, in combination withFIG. 6 c andFIG. 6 d, which are detail drawings of the same part for the details marked inFIG. 4 c by E and F respectively. The cross-section view also shows the distal portion of the lens in the background. The cross-section cuts across the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 and the second plurality of lens surfaces 214, as well as thefirst post 211 p andfirst hole 212 h. The second edges 211 b, 212 b andears channels FIG. 6 c, afirst post 211 p for positioning astop 240 is located on thefirst surface 211. Several first lens surfaces of the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 are located in thechannel 211 c. Several second lens surfaces of the second plurality oflens surfaces 214 are located in thechannel 212 c. InFIG. 6 d, thefirst hole 212 h is located in thesecond surface 212. The plurality of optical axes of the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 are inline with the plurality of optical axes of the second plurality of lens surfaces 214. Please note that the optical axes of the second plurality oflens surfaces 214 are aligned with the optical axes of the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 and that the number of lens surfaces in the first plurality of lens surfaces 213 is the same as the number of lens surfaces in the second plurality of lens surfaces 214. - Please refer to
FIG. 5 , which is a cross-section drawing of a first lens section for a lens array of the present invention across a width of the first lens section. This cross-section cuts along the optical axes of a pair of lens surfaces consisting of one of the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 inchannel 211 c and one of a lens surface of the second plurality oflens surfaces 214 inchannel 212 c, two ears of the plurality ofears 211 e, and two ears of the plurality ofears 212 e. Visible in the background is thefirst post 211 p.Edges Edges first spacer 221 will be placed when assembled, are also shown. - Please refer to
FIG. 7 a, which is a drawing of a third surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis, in combination withFIG. 8 a, which is a detail of the same part for the region marked inFIG. 7 a by C. Two section lines A-A and B-B are marked for use inFIG. 7 c andFIG. 9 respectively.FIG. 7 a shows thethird surface 211 of thesecond lens section 230. Thethird surface 231 has achannel 231 c down the center of the lens, and a third plurality of second lens surfaces 233 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by oneinter-axis distance 201. The line of the centers of the third plurality oflens surfaces 233 in this example embodiment is along the center line of thechannel 231 c. A plurality ofears 231 e is formed along theedges second lens surface 231 of thesecond lens section 230, such that theears 231 e are sized and spaced to mate with thenotches 410 of thefirst spacer 221, thenotches 411 of thesecond spacer 222, and thenotches 410 of thethird spacer 223. In this embodiment, theears 231 e are substantially longer than theears 212 e on thefirst lens section 210, and mate with the notches on all three spacers, compared with thefirst lens section 210 only mating with the notches on thefirst spacer 221, but this is implementation-dependent and may vary in practice. The width of thesecond lens section 230 is substantially the same as the width of thefirst spacer 221,second spacer 222, andthird spacer 223. Asecond post 231 p is located at one end of thesecond lens section 230, sized and positioned to mate with the locatinghole 430 of thefirst spacer 221, the locatinghole 431 of thesecond spacer 222, the locatinghole 430 of thethird spacer 223, and thefirst hole 212 h of thefirst lens section 210. Thissecond post 231 p is stepped down in diameter since the locatingholes first hole 212 h (see further discussion forFIG. 8 b). A surface of thethird spacer 223 fits snugly against the faces of theedges notches 420 mating toears 231 e so that the plurality ofholes 410 are lined up with their centers on the optical axes of the third plurality of lens surfaces 233. - Please refer to
FIG. 7 b, which is a drawing of a second surface of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention with the view in line with the optical axis.FIG. 7 b shows thesecond surface 232 of thesecond lens section 230. Thesecond surface 232 has achannel 232 c down the center of the lens, and a fourth plurality oflens surfaces 234 are formed with their optical axes in line, spaced apart equally by oneinter-axis distance 201. The line of the centers of the third plurality oflens surfaces 233 in this example embodiment is along the center line of thechannel 232 c. The edges to thesides lens surfaces 234 from handling damage during manufacture. - Please refer to
FIG. 7 c, which is a drawing of a cross-section of a second lens section for a lens array of the present invention along the long axis, in combination withFIG. 8 b, which is a detail of the same part as marked in drawing 7 c by D. The cross-section view also shows the distal portion of the lens in the background. The cross-section cuts across the third plurality oflens surfaces 233 and the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234, as well as thesecond post 231 p, which has a section of afirst diameter 231 p 1 and a section of asecond diameter 231 p 2. Thesection 231 p 1 is larger in diameter than thesection 231 p 2; thesection 231 p 1 is designed to mate with the locatingholes first spacer 221,second spacer 222, andthird spacer 223 respectively. Thesection 231 p 2 is designed to mate with thefirst hole 212 h of thefirst lens section 210. The second edges 231 b, 232 b andears 231 e are visible in the background, behind thechannels lens surfaces 233 are aligned with the optical axes of the fourth plurality oflens surfaces 234 and that the number of lens surfaces in the third plurality of lens surfaces 233 is the same as the number of lens surfaces in the fourth plurality of lens surfaces 234. - Please refer to
FIG. 11 a, a perspective drawing of a lens array of the present invention, in combination withFIG. 12 b andFIG. 12 c, cross sections of a lens array of the present invention. Thelens array 200 is assembled with a frame 250 (not shown) so that it is held at a fixed distance from asensor 260 which is mounted on a printed-circuit board (PCB) 270. Thestop 240 is positioned against thefirst surface 211 of thefirst lens section 210. Thefirst spacer 221 is positioned with one face against thesecond surface 212 of thefirst lens section 210, with itsnotches 420 aligned with and held in place by theears 212 e, which extend only partially through the depth of the plurality ofnotches 420 of thefirst spacer 221; one face of thesecond spacer 222 is positioned against the other face of thefirst spacer 221; and then one face of thethird spacer 223 is positioned against the other face of thesecond spacer 222; finally, the other face of thethird spacer 223 is positioned against thethird surface 231 of thesecond lens section 230. Thesecond post 231 p of thesecond lens section 230 fits its larger-diameter segment 231 p 1 through the locatingholes first spacer 221,second spacer 222, andthird spacer 223 respectively; and thelonger ears 231 e of thesecond lens section 230 fit through thenotches first spacer 221,second spacer 222, andthird spacer 223 respectively. The smaller-diameter segment 231 p 2 of thesecond post 231 p fits into thefirst hole 212 h of thesecond surface 212 of thefirst lens section 210. Theears 231 e of thesecond lens section 230 abut the ears of thefirst lens section 210. The ears, posts, holes, and notches combine to hold thestop 240, the threespacers lens sections - Referring now to
FIG. 11 b, a top view of the lens array of the present invention assembled with a PCB, in combination withFIG. 12 a, a detail view of the same assembly, as marked onFIG. 11 b by B. A cross-section used inFIG. 11 c andFIG. 12 b is marked with the section line A-A. Thelens array 200 is assembled inside aframe 250 which secures the lens to thePCB 270. Thestop 240 is fitted against the first surface, and the first plurality oflens surfaces 213 of thefirst surface 211 of thefirst lens section 210 is visible through the plurality ofholes 241 in the stop. - The lens surfaces of the first plurality of
lens surfaces 213 have identical diameters and optical radii. The lens surfaces of the second plurality oflens surfaces 214 have identical diameters and optical radii. The lens surfaces of the third plurality oflens surfaces 233 have identical diameters and optical radii. The lens surfaces of the fourth plurality oflens surfaces 234 have identical diameters and optical radii. The four pluralities of lens surfaces 213,214,233,234 are identical in number and in the center-to-center spacing of the lens faces. The four pluralities ofholes first spacer 221,second spacer 222,third spacer 223, and stop 240 also are identical both in number and in the center-to-center spacing of the holes to the four pluralities of lens surfaces. As shown inFIG. 12 b, the optical axes of the four pluralities of lens surfaces, and the centers of the four pluralities of holes, are all aligned, thus forming a single plurality of lens units. Each quad of four lens faces, one from each of the four pluralities above, positioned on the same optical axis forms a lens unit with a lens axis. One embodiment for imaging A4 sized paper at 300 dpi has 330 lens units. Note that there is no restriction on the configuration of the lens units; although this example embodiment shows an array in a single line, two or more lines of lens units can be used, organized in a square grid, or a rectangular grid, or hexagonally. - Please refer to
FIG. 11 c, a cross-section view of the lens array of the present invention assembled with a PCB, in combination withFIG. 12 b, a detail view of the same assembly, as marked onFIG. 11 c by C. A line at the top ofFIG. 12 b represents the object plane 280, which corresponds to a surface to be imaged. Thestop 240 is proximal to the object plane 280, along with the first plurality of lens surfaces 213. The plurality of lens surfaces gathers and focuses light reflected from the surface so that the light travels in a divergent beam through the first lens section to the second plurality of lens surfaces 214. The light is generated by an external source. Thefirst spacer 221,second spacer 222, andthird spacer 223 block and absorb scattered light, while the pluralities ofholes sensor 260 mounted on thePCB 270. - In the preferred embodiment, the first lens section and second lens section are preferably made of a refractive, substantially transparent polymer. The spacer(s), stop, and frame are preferably made of an opaque polymer, preferably black, to absorb and/or block undesirable scattered or external light. One or more spacers can be used; using fewer spacers reduces manufacturing costs.
- Refer to
FIG. 13A , which is a top view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 13B , which is a cross sectional view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 13C , which is a bottom view drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention; and toFIG. 13D , which is a 3-dimensional drawing of a first lens section according to an embodiment of the present invention. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the lens array comprises two housed lens; a first housed lens and a second housed lens. Both of the housed lens comprise a plurality of lens disposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the lens sections.
- As shown in
FIGS. 13A-13D , the first housedlens 1300 comprises a plurality offirst lenses 1330 on the top surface of thefirst lens section 1320 and a plurality ofsecond lenses 1340 on the bottom surface of thefirst lens section 1320. As in the previous embodiments, the lens section is transparent. - In this embodiment, the
first lens section 1320 is encased in afirst lens housing 1310. Thefirst lens housing 1310 is made of black plastic or other light absorbing material. Thefirst lens housing 1310 has holes which expose the plurality offirst lenses 1330 andsecond lenses 1340. Thefirst lens housing 1310 further comprises a plurality ofslots 1350. - In the previous embodiments, the spacers prevented unwanted light from entering the lenses. In the embodiment illustrated in
FIGS. 13A-13D , the edges of the holes in thefirst lens housing 1310 extend all the way to the edges of thelenses 1330 1340. Additionally, the thickness of thefirst lens housing 1310 is greater than the spacers in the previous embodiments. - In production, the lens section is molded and then placed into another mold as an insert and the lens housing is molded around the lens section.
- Refer to
FIG. 14A , which is a cross sectional view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 14B , which is a bottom view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 14C , which is a side view drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 14D , which is a top view drawing illustrating a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, and toFIG. 14E , which is a 3-dimensional drawing of a second housed lens according to an embodiment of the present invention. - As shown in
FIGS. 14A-14E , the second housedlens 1400 comprises a plurality offirst lenses 1430 on the top surface of thesecond lens section 1420 and a plurality ofsecond lenses 1440 on the bottom surface of thesecond lens section 1420. As in the previous embodiments, the lens section is transparent. - In this embodiment, the
second lens section 1420 is encased in asecond lens housing 1410. Thesecond lens housing 1410 is made of black plastic or other light absorbing material. Thesecond lens housing 1410 has holes which expose the plurality offirst lenses 1430 andsecond lenses 1440. Thesecond lens housing 1410 further comprises a plurality oftabs 1460. - Refer to
FIG. 15A , which is a cross sectional view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 15B , which is a top view of the first housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 15C , which is a side view of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; toFIG. 15D , which is a bottom view of the second housed lens of the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; and toFIG. 15E , which is a 3-dimensional drawing illustrating the lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. - As shown in
FIGS. 15A-15E , the tabs of the second lens housing mate with the plurality of slots of the first lens housing. The mating tabs and slots hold the first housedlens 1300 and second housedlens 1400 together to form thelens array assembly 1500. - Refer to
FIGS. 16A and 16B , which are cross sectional views illustrating light pathways through a lens array assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. - When the lens array assembly is used in an image scanner, it is very important that image light does not pass from one lens into another lens that is not perpendicular to it. When this light progresses into an adjacent lens, the resultant image that the sensor captures is a ghost image of the adjacent lens. This is called cross-talk and is undesirable.
- An advantage of the present invention is that due to the wall thickness of the first and second lens housings and the housings extend to the edges of the individual lenses, cross-talk is prevented.
- As shown in
FIG. 16B , if the lens assembly doesn't have a suitable lens housing, light can pass between lenses and result in ghosting. However, as shown inFIG. 16A , if light passes from one lens into the hole of the housing, the light is absorbed by the wall of the housing thus preventing the undesirable light from entering the adjacent lens. As a result, cross-talk is eliminated and ghosting is prevented. - As shown in
FIGS. 13-16 , the holes in the top and bottom of the first lens housing and the holes in the top of the second lens housing encircle the lenses of the first lens section and the second lens section. Also, little or no gap exists between the lens sections between the lenses and the lens housings. - The dots per inch (DPI) resolution of the lens array is adjustable at design time by changing the optical radii, conic constant, or aspherical coefficients of the four lens groups. In contrast with the prior art rod lenses, the lens array can be designed to magnify the surface being imaged. The lens surface is defined by the formula:
for each of the two lens sections. - The lens array thus provides a substantial improvement over the prior art by reducing manufacturing complexity and materials costs. Furthermore, the lens array makes it substantially less difficult to increase the resolution of a device using the lens array compared to the prior art.
- It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the invention and its equivalent.
Claims (19)
1. A lens array assembly comprising:
a first lens section comprising a first surface and a second surface, the first surface comprising a plurality of first lens surfaces and the second surface comprising a plurality of second lens surfaces;
a second lens section comprising a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface comprising a plurality of third lens surfaces and the fourth surface comprising a plurality of fourth lens surfaces;
a first lens housing encasing the first lens section, the first lens housing comprising a plurality first holes encircling the plurality of first lens surfaces, and a plurality of second holes encircling the plurality of second lens surfaces; and
a second lens housing encasing the second lens section, the second lens housing comprising a plurality of third holes encircling the plurality of third lens surfaces, the second lens housing mating with the first lens housing to form the lens array assembly.
2. The lens array assembly of claim 1 where the first lens section and the second lens section are formed from a substantially transparent polymer.
3. The lens array assembly of claim 1 where the first lens housing and the second lens housing are formed from a substantially opaque black polymer.
4. The lens array assembly of claim 1 where the second lens housing further comprises a plurality of tabs for positioning and holding the first lens housing in place.
5. The lens array assembly of claim 4 , where the first lens housing further comprises a plurality of slots for mating with the tabs of the second lens housing.
6. A lens array assembly comprising:
a first lens section, comprising a first surface and a second surface,
said first surface comprising a first plurality of lens surfaces, said first plurality of lens surfaces forming a first plurality of optical axes, said first plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
said second surface comprising a second plurality of lens surfaces, said second plurality of lens surfaces forming a second plurality of optical axes, said second plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
such that each optical axis of the first plurality of optical axes is aligned with an optical axis of the second plurality of optical axes;
a second lens section, comprising a third surface and a fourth surface,
said third surface comprising a third plurality of lens surfaces, said third plurality of lens surfaces forming a third plurality of optical axes, said third plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
said fourth surface comprising a fourth plurality of lens surfaces, said fourth plurality of lens surfaces forming a fourth plurality of optical axes, said fourth plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
such that each optical axis of the third plurality of optical axes is aligned with an optical axis of the fourth plurality of optical axes;
a first lens housing encasing the first lens section, the first lens housing comprising a plurality first holes encircling the first plurality of lens surfaces, and a plurality of second holes encircling the second plurality of lens surfaces; and
a second lens housing encasing the second lens section, the second lens housing comprising a plurality of third holes encircling the third plurality of lens surfaces, the second lens housing mating with the first lens housing to form the lens array assembly.
7. The lens array assembly of claim 6 , where each optical axis of the second plurality of optical axes is aligned with an optical axis of the third plurality of optical axes, and each axis of the first plurality of axes is aligned with an optical axis of the third plurality of optical axes, and each axis of the second plurality of axes is aligned with an optical axis of the first plurality of optical axes.
8. The lens array assembly of claim 6 where the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface are substantially aspherical, and where the optical axes of the first plurality of optical axes are normal to a plane of the first surface, and where the optical axes of the first plurality of optical axes are arranged along a line such that a first distance between an adjacent pair of optical axes is substantially the same as another distance between any other adjacent pair of optical axes.
9. The lens array assembly of claim 6 where the first lens section and the second lens section are formed from a substantially transparent polymer.
10. The lens array assembly of claim 6 where the first lens housing and the second lens housing are formed from a substantially opaque black polymer.
11. The lens array assembly of claim 6 where the second lens housing further comprises a plurality of tabs for positioning and holding the first lens housing in place.
12. The lens array assembly of claim 11 , where the first lens housing further comprises a plurality of slots for mating with the tabs of the second lens housing.
13. A lens array assembly comprising:
a first lens section, comprising a first aspherical surface and a second aspherical surface,
said first aspherical surface comprising a first plurality of lens surfaces, said first plurality of lens surfaces forming a first plurality of optical axes normal to the first aspherical surface, said first plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
said second aspherical surface comprising a second plurality of lens surfaces, said second plurality of lens surfaces forming a second plurality of optical axes, said second plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
such that each optical axis of the first plurality of optical axes is aligned with an optical axis of the second plurality of optical axes;
a second lens section, comprising a third aspherical surface and a fourth aspherical surface,
said third aspherical surface comprising a third plurality of lens surfaces, said third plurality of lens surfaces forming a third plurality of optical axes, said third plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
said fourth aspherical surface comprising a fourth plurality of lens surfaces, said fourth plurality of lens surfaces forming a fourth plurality of optical axes, said fourth plurality of lens surfaces having substantially the same size and shape,
such that each optical axis of the third plurality of optical axes is aligned with an optical axis of the fourth plurality of optical axes;
a first lens housing encasing the first lens section, the first lens housing comprising a plurality first holes encircling the first plurality of lens surfaces, and a plurality of second holes encircling the second plurality of lens surfaces; and
a second lens housing encasing the second lens section, the second lens housing comprising a plurality of third holes encircling the third plurality of lens surfaces, the second lens housing mating with the first lens housing to form the lens array assembly.
14. The lens array assembly of claim 13 , such that each optical axis of the second plurality of optical axes is aligned with an optical axis of the third plurality of optical axes, and each axis of the first plurality of axes is aligned with an optical axis of the third plurality of optical axes, and each axis of the second plurality of axes is aligned with an optical axis of the first plurality of optical axes.
15. The lens array assembly of claim 13 where the optical axes of the first plurality of optical axes are arranged along a line such that a first distance between an adjacent pair of optical axes is substantially the same as another distance between any other adjacent pair of optical axes.
16. The lens array assembly of claim 13 where the first lens section and the second lens section are formed from a substantially transparent polymer.
17. The lens array assembly of claim 13 where the first lens housing and the second lens housing are formed from a substantially opaque black polymer.
18. The lens array assembly of claim 13 where the second lens housing further comprises a plurality of tabs for positioning and holding the first lens housing in place.
19. The lens array assembly of claim 18 , where the first lens housing further comprises a plurality of slots for mating with the tabs of the second lens housing.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/773,834 US20080094717A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-07-05 | Focus lens array with crosstalk reduction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/182,205 US7256941B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Lens array |
US11/773,834 US20080094717A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-07-05 | Focus lens array with crosstalk reduction |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/182,205 Continuation-In-Part US7256941B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Lens array |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20080094717A1 true US20080094717A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
Family
ID=37609341
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/182,205 Active 2025-08-04 US7256941B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Lens array |
US11/773,834 Abandoned US20080094717A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-07-05 | Focus lens array with crosstalk reduction |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/182,205 Active 2025-08-04 US7256941B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Lens array |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US7256941B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1896789A (en) |
MY (1) | MY144356A (en) |
SG (1) | SG129389A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI307779B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102169196A (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | 景传光电股份有限公司 | Symmetrical lens array capable of improving view depth and enhancing uniformity and brightness |
JP2015022291A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-02-02 | ニスカ株式会社 | Image sensor unit and image reader |
JP6488864B2 (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2019-03-27 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Method for manufacturing optical transmitter array |
JP7408368B2 (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2024-01-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | Lens array unit, image sensor unit, image reading device, image forming device, and method for manufacturing lens array unit |
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US3605593A (en) * | 1967-07-03 | 1971-09-20 | Tektronix Inc | Optical apparatus including a pair of mosaics of optical imaging elements |
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US6545811B1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2003-04-08 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lens unit for image formation, and image reader having lens unit |
US6646807B2 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-11-11 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lens array unit and process for making lens array |
US6707613B2 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2004-03-16 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lens array unit and method of forming image |
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US6124974A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2000-09-26 | Proxemics | Lenslet array systems and methods |
US5973844A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1999-10-26 | Proxemics | Lenslet array systems and methods |
US5822125A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-10-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Lenslet array system |
US5796522A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-08-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Lenslet array system with a baffle structure and a shutter |
US5812322A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-09-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Lenslet array system incorporating a field lenslet array |
US5731899A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-03-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Lenslet array system incorporating an integral field lens/reimager lenslet array |
US6381072B1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2002-04-30 | Proxemics | Lenslet array systems and methods |
-
2005
- 2005-07-15 US US11/182,205 patent/US7256941B2/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-05-05 TW TW095116057A patent/TWI307779B/en active
- 2006-05-16 CN CNA2006100804361A patent/CN1896789A/en active Pending
- 2006-07-12 MY MYPI20063320A patent/MY144356A/en unknown
- 2006-07-13 SG SG200604736A patent/SG129389A1/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-07-05 US US11/773,834 patent/US20080094717A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3605593A (en) * | 1967-07-03 | 1971-09-20 | Tektronix Inc | Optical apparatus including a pair of mosaics of optical imaging elements |
US4168900A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1979-09-25 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Compact erect optical imaging copier system and method |
US6545811B1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2003-04-08 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lens unit for image formation, and image reader having lens unit |
US6707613B2 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2004-03-16 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lens array unit and method of forming image |
US6646807B2 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-11-11 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lens array unit and process for making lens array |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070014022A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
MY144356A (en) | 2011-09-15 |
TW200702716A (en) | 2007-01-16 |
TWI307779B (en) | 2009-03-21 |
US7256941B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 |
CN1896789A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
SG129389A1 (en) | 2007-02-26 |
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Owner name: PIXON TECHNOLOGY CORP., TAIWAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WU, RONG-YAW;CHEN, SHENG LI;CHEN, SHIH-CHE;REEL/FRAME:019519/0703 Effective date: 20070705 |
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