US20080083157A1

US20080083157A1 - Environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil

Info

Publication number: US20080083157A1
Application number: US11/544,024
Authority: US
Inventors: Chih-Jung Chao
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-10-06
Filing date: 2006-10-06
Publication date: 2008-04-10

Abstract

An environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil that uses a proportional mixture of vegetable oil and a catalyzing enzyme (decane, 11 alkane, 12 alkane) as a substitute for high polluting high grade diesel oils to achieve required flash point and reduce sulphur content, and which can be used as a green environmental protection additive agent to high grade diesel oil, thereby achieving the objective of providing a method that effects environment protection.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

(a) Field of the Invention
The present invention provides an environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil, using a proportional mixture of vegetable oil and a catalyzing enzyme (decane, 11 alkane, 12 alkane), thereby achieving required flash point and reducing sulphur content, and, moreover, meets the needs for environment protection.
(b) Description of the Prior Art
In the wake of industrial development and the increasing number of vehicles in recent years, we are now confronting a serious air pollution problem. However, petroleum drives economic prosperity and industrial progress, but, after combustion, constituents discharged in the waste gas pollute the atmosphere and cause harm to the health of humanity, and, moreover, is gradually causing a warming up effect of the earth.
The majority of diesel oils currently produced worldwide are petrochemicals extracted from petroleum, and petrochemical diesel oil has widespread applications, for example, for use in vehicles, ships, agricultural use, machines used in the mining industry, and so on, and the major constituents of waste gas discharged from petrochemical diesel engines are hydrocarbons (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxide (NOX), sulphur oxide (SOX), microparticles (PM), black smog, and so on, which have a negative affect on the health of humans and reinforce the greenhouse effect. Development of alternative energy sources is already gradually taking place, such as solar energy, which, because it cannot be produced continuously, requires the need for storage facilities, thereby increasing cost. In addition, hydrogen (H₂) does not pollute the environment when used as a fuel, however, huge equipment is required, and cost is extremely high. Moreover, specific gravity of hydrogen gas is substantially small, thus consideration must be given for high pressure storage facilities and safety measures, what is more, cost of burning liquefied hydrogen is even higher.
However, in order to improve on the existing shortcomings of diesel oil, two directions can be taken to resolve the problems derived from the use of diesel oil, such as use of biological diesel oil (BIO Diesel) and use of methyl ether (DME), which are extracted from environment protection source material, thereby displacing existing pollution problems produced by petrochemical diesel oils. Moreover, the two are essentially environmental protection materials. However, they are not optimal substitution products. Regarding fuel shortcomings of the BIO diesel oil: 1. cold engine start up is poor; 2. excessive horse power during high speed rotation, thus, high speed performance is poor, and as for fuel shortcomings of methyl ether (DME): 1. unsafe, DME is a toxic gas fuel; 2. high cost; 3. lubrication is poor, DME has no lubricating property during oil injection, thus a need for additional lubricating oil to increase degree of lubrication. Furthermore, current developed biological diesel oils still rely on mineral diesel oils for extraction, and when the biological diesel oils contain high quantities of mineral diesel oils, because mineral diesel oils contain sulphur constituents that pollute the atmosphere, thus, they similarly conceal the existence of pollution problems similar to that of petroleum diesel oils.
Accordingly, in light of the shortcomings of the aforementioned energy sources and environment pollution caused by using such, after extensive research and testing, the inventor of the present invention has developed an environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil formed from a mixture of an alkide (catalyzing enzyme) and vegetable oil, which provides better environmental protection, saves on fuel, is safe, has low cost, and when used in conjunction with biological diesel oil, general high grade diesel oil or common diesel oil can resolve or alleviate problems of prior art diesel oils.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A primary objective of the present invention is to provide an environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil that uses a proportional mixture of vegetable oil and a catalyzing enzyme (decane, 11 alkane, 12 alkane) to achieve required flash point and reduce sulphur content, and which, moreover, lowers cost, and effectively decreases discharge of pollutants, thereby improving air quality, and can be used as a high grade diesel oil additive agent.
To enable a further understanding of said objectives and the technological methods of the invention herein, brief description of the drawings is provided below followed by detailed description of the preferred embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Table 1 is a test analysis table wherein proportion by weight of vegetable oil and catalyzing enzyme is 50%+50%.

Table 2 is a test analysis table wherein proportion by weight of vegetable oil and catalyzing enzyme is 75%+25%.

Table 3 is a test analysis table wherein proportion by weight of vegetable oil and catalyzing enzyme is 60%+40%.

Table 4 is a cetane index test analysis table wherein proportion by weight of vegetable oil and catalyzing enzyme is 50%+50%.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention provides an environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil, formed from a mixture of vegetable oil and a catalyzing enzyme, which enables reducing sulphur content within diesel oil, and cater for different flash points according to user needs. Hence, with reference to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, it can be appreciated that the environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil of the present invention has advantages lacking in prior art.
The catalyzing enzyme is a proportional mixture of decane, 11 alkane, 12 alkane and a mineral oil. Required flash point is between 45° C. and 70.5° C., and sulphur content is below 2.3 ppm. The sulphur content being below 2.3 ppm is practically a completely non-polluting gas, and after use, discharged waste gas does not pollute the environment, moreover, there is no production of black smoke.
Referring to table 1, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is 50%+50%, and the vegetable oil is:
a. soybean oil having a flash point: 45° C., and sulphur content: 0.22 ppm;
b. cottonseed oil having a flash point: 45° C., sulphur content: 1.1 ppm;
c. rapeseed oil having a flash point: 45° C., sulphur content: 2.3 ppm;
d. palm oil having a flash point: 45° C., sulphur content: 2.3 ppm;
In test results, when the flash point is at 45° C., sulphur content is within 2.3 ppm, which clearly achieves a reduction in amount of sulphur discharged.
Referring to table 2, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is 75%+25%, and in test results, when the flash point is at 51° C., sulphur content is within 2.2 ppm. Moreover, value of ppm of sulphur content produced according to different proportions of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is similarly lower than 2.3 ppm.
Referring to table 3, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is 60%+40%, and in test results, when the flash point is at 95° C., sulphur content is within 0.006 ppm, thus, the higher the flash point, the lower the production of compounds containing sulphur. Moreover, the discharged gas is non-polluting and contains no black smoke, hence, there is no generation of acid rain or damage to the atmosphere, thereby slowing down the warming up of the earth and affect on climate and ecological change.
Referring to table 4, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil is 50%+50%, and cetane index test results are:
a. palm oil 45
b. rapeseed oil 43.4
c. cottonseed oil 43.4
d. soybean oil 43.7
When the cetane index average is between 43.4 and 45, test results show an effective improvement in diesel engine starting capability, a reduction in discharge of NOX (nitrogen oxide) and CO (carbon monoxide), THC (hydrocarbons), and a decrease in oil consumption and combustion noise.
According to the aforementioned proportion test results, derived advantages are as follows:
1. Substantially reduces discharge of black smoke and range and emission of nitrides, moreover, saves on fuel.
2. Combustion explosiveness is higher and stable.
3. 100% compatible for direct use in existing diesel engines.
4. No need to modify system when mixed 50% with general diesel oil or common diesel oil, and improves engine efficiency.
Furthermore, when the vegetable oil and catalyzing enzyme are proportionally mixed, the higher the flash point, the lower the sulphur content, reaching practically no sulphur content. When the flash point is slightly lower, then the sulphur content is similarly within a safety range, reaching practically no sulphur content. Moreover, value of the flash point can be adjusted according to user needs in order to reach a value within an optimum range.
In conclusion, the environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil of the present invention is characterized in providing a safe non-toxic liquid fuel, which is completely burned by diesel engines, thereby improving efficiency and saving on fuel, and reducing discharge of carbon dioxide and black smoke, thus reducing the greenhouse effect. Moreover, achieves low engine malfunction.
It is of course to be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and that a wide variety of modifications thereto may be effected by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. An environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil, comprising a mixture of vegetable oil and a catalyzing enzyme, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and catalyzing enzyme is between 50%: 50% and 75%:25%, and the catalyzing enzyme is an alkane, thereby providing for different flash point requirements and reducing sulphur content to below 0.006 ppm.

2. The environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is 60%: 40%, flash point of fuel oil is 95° C., and sulphur content is below 0.006 ppm.

3. The environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is 75%: 25%, flash point of the fuel oil is 51° C., and sulphur content is below 2.2 ppm.

4. The environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein proportion by weight of the vegetable oil and the catalyzing enzyme is 50%:50%, flash point of the fuel oil is 45° C., and sulphur content is below 2.3 ppm.

5. The environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil is palm oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil or soybean oil.

6. The environmental protection synthetic low sulphur fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein the catalyzing enzyme comprises at least one of the alkanes decane, 11 alkane and 12 alkane.