US20070151709A1 - Heat pipes utilizing load bearing wicks - Google Patents
Heat pipes utilizing load bearing wicks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070151709A1 US20070151709A1 US11/306,530 US30653005A US2007151709A1 US 20070151709 A1 US20070151709 A1 US 20070151709A1 US 30653005 A US30653005 A US 30653005A US 2007151709 A1 US2007151709 A1 US 2007151709A1
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- Prior art keywords
- wick
- threads
- capillary
- fiber
- braided
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0241—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the tubes being flexible
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice
Definitions
- This invention relates to a field of structural design of heat pipes. It provides functional solution that reduces weight/performance ratio for traditional heat pipes and improves performance of flexible heat pipe designs.
- Prior art U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,279,294, 5,647,429, and 6,595,270
- polymer materials such as an aromatic polyamide fiber of extremely high tensile strength (Kevlar fiber), polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or polyimides as a construction material for outer shell of a flexible heat pipe. All of them nevertheless require rigid geometry such as thick round walls or imbedded spacers to prevent collapse of the pipes.
- Invention U.S. Pat. No. 4,279,294 uses low boiling point liquid and utilizes underground installation to prevent explosion of the pipe. Devices of the other two inventions fail to account for high air permeability of polymers that explains impractically short service life of the inventions.
- Another invention employs an array of rigid machined capillars sealed between solid plates forming a flat heat pipe. While this design provides very high performance it is inherently solid and relies on load bearing shell. This design fails when the pipe must operate at positive internal pressure.
- This invention overcomes cited technical challenges utilizing a soft shell and a load bearing wick structure in a heat pipe design. Unlike competitive technologies it provides convenient topological solution for compact designs, confined spaces, and flexible solutions.
- FIG. 1 shows schematic the structure of the wick.
- Preferred embodiment of the invention uses a wick 1 is formed by braided fiber.
- the yarns are braided to form plaits along preferred direction of the pipe.
- Each yarn could be formed by braided fiber or tows. 6-tow maypole braided construction is a good example for one of many possible yarn designs.
- the total wick structure accounts for small (capillary 3 ) and large (passages 2 ) gaps.
- the capillary are formed by fiber-fiber gaps and inner-yarn tubes, Inner yarn tube is formed when small number of carriers ( 4 - 8 ) are used in rotary or maypole braiding.
- the passages are formed by yarn-yarn and braid-braid spacing. This construction has high mechanical stability and yet flexible. Its capillary channels are suitable for efficient transport of a liquid, and intrinsic passages allow for vapor transport and efficient liquid-vapor interaction.
- the braids are shaped to allow free passages 2 for vapor in spaces between the yarns. At the same time each plait performs capillary functions by transporting liquid through channels formed by adjacent yarns 3 and inside the yarn. Twisted braiding increases capillary efficiency since adjacent twists of braids create shortcuts that significantly reduce effective capillary length.
- FIG. 2 show one of possible yarn constructions.
- This yarn is created by braiding six fibers 4 using a maypole braider.
- This braid allows for intrinsic channel 5 along the braid axis.
- the whole yarn works as a capillary size tube with porous walls.
- the size of the pores 6 is smaller than the size of the channel.
- the yarn When used in conjunction with a liquid that has low surface angle on the material of the fiber, the yarn quickly absorbs the liquid through the walls. When wetted the walls behave as a solid surface. The surface angle of the liquid on this surface is zero degree. This make internal channel an ideal capillary for quick transport of the liquid along the yarn.
- the structure of braided wick easily withstands both positive and negative external and internal pressure. In addition to benefits such as good recovery from ice formation, it enables use of thing foils and flexible films for the shell construction.
- Use of low pressure refrigerant liquids accounts of negative pressure gradient across the shell.
- Prior art designs utilize thick wall plates or tubes to counteract this pressure. They also incorporate spacers to prevent collapse of a heat pipe.
- the wick of this invention eliminates the need in all these elements.
- a thin foil e.g. 50 gauge aluminum foil
- the wick 1 forms a sheet with yarns 3 weaved or braided together alike a fabric. Refrigerant liquid is carried mostly by the yarns while vapor is transported through the channels 2 and pores formed by the fabric. Ultra thin metal foil 7 is well supported by the wick.
- the only real limitation for the foil thickness is absence of pinholes as mechanical strength of even 5 micron aluminum is sufficient to resist 1 bar of air pressure when placed on top of the wick of this invention.
- a laminate of two layers of capacitor grade aluminum foil is created with total laminate thickness of 12 microns.
- the laminate 7 under pressure forms corrugated patterns 8 alike well known “diamond plate”.
- This embossed pattern serves two critical roles for the matter of this invention. First, it forms coplanar mechanical contact 9 with the wick that dramatically increases wick's mechanical stability. Second, it makes highly efficient thermal contact with surfaces of the yarns. Each yarn walls are saturated with refrigerant liquid that makes said thermal contact highly stable and efficient.
- the load bearing ability of the wick allows for its efficient use with medium and high pressure refrigerant fluids.
- Prior art designs of heat pipes for high pressure applications accounts for thick walls or round pipe or external constraints (underground installation).
- the wick of this invention allows to avoid these design solutions as they contribute to higher weight and reduced usability.
- the shell for positive pressure designs can be furnished by organic or inorganic polymers, fiber reinforced materials, or other composites. Dense yarn structure of the wick allows the shell material to be glued or molded into the surface of the wick. Other well known methods of lamination can be used as well. Alternatively layer or layers composing the shell can be interweaved with the wick surface, or sewed with the wick, or any other well known technique of mechanical attachment can be employed to secure the shell on the wick.
- Typical topology of surface for the invented wick has weaves every 1 mm or less. Foil of Aluminum Alloy 2014-T6 100 micron thick will be able to sustain 1700 psi pressure.
- the wick material for this high pressure scenario can be steel fiber or carbon fiber. Most refrigerant has critical pressure below 1700 psi that allow for use of broader spectrum of wick materials.
- the thin shell design of this invention under positive and negative pressure forms intrinsic corrugations of the surface this makes entire assembly flexible enough to allow in place bending and curling of the pipe.
- the shape factor for the pipe can be selected as a sheet, tape, sleeve or any others as only one factor defines this shape -the wick cross section.
- FIG. 1 Cross-section of schematic structure of the wick (top), and its appearance from outside (below).
- FIG. 2 Construction of braided yarn with intrinsic cavity (left), yarn appearance is similar to thread but have braiding (right).
- FIG. 3 Oriented braided wick constrained between shell layers. Top view (top left), front view (bottom left), side view (center). Details (right) shows deformation of shell surface (top) and persistence of intrinsic cavities (bottom).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
Abstract
This invention enables mechanical design of flexible and elastic heat pipes. It provides structural solution that reduces weight/performance ratio for traditional heat pipes and prevents freeze damages.
Description
- This invention relates to a field of structural design of heat pipes. It provides functional solution that reduces weight/performance ratio for traditional heat pipes and improves performance of flexible heat pipe designs.
- Applications of heat pipes often become impractical due to complexity associated with fitting these components into tightly packed spaces or because of mobility restrictions they could cause. Another implication is that systems can be utilized at temperatures below freezing point of selected liquid. Liquid crystallization might severely damage the shell of a heat pipe. It also disables pipe functions until the liquid melts. Prior art (U.S. Pat. No. 4,194,559) exploit compromise solutions that prevent freeze damage of the pipe in expense of added free volume that increases total volume and weight of a solution.
- Prior art (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,279,294, 5,647,429, and 6,595,270) include attempts to utilize polymer materials such as an aromatic polyamide fiber of extremely high tensile strength (Kevlar fiber), polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or polyimides as a construction material for outer shell of a flexible heat pipe. All of them nevertheless require rigid geometry such as thick round walls or imbedded spacers to prevent collapse of the pipes. Invention U.S. Pat. No. 4,279,294 uses low boiling point liquid and utilizes underground installation to prevent explosion of the pipe. Devices of the other two inventions fail to account for high air permeability of polymers that explains impractically short service life of the inventions.
- One prior art invention (U.S. Pat. No. 6,446,706) provides highest performance among all competitors. It has form factor of a tape with high unidimensional flexibility. Nevertheless design is subject to freeze damage and its specific heat transfer performance is reduced by presence of one or two layers of vapor transmitting spacer material.
- Another invention employs an array of rigid machined capillars sealed between solid plates forming a flat heat pipe. While this design provides very high performance it is inherently solid and relies on load bearing shell. This design fails when the pipe must operate at positive internal pressure.
- This invention overcomes cited technical challenges utilizing a soft shell and a load bearing wick structure in a heat pipe design. Unlike competitive technologies it provides convenient topological solution for compact designs, confined spaces, and flexible solutions.
- Wick
-
FIG. 1 shows schematic the structure of the wick. Preferred embodiment of the invention uses awick 1 is formed by braided fiber. The yarns are braided to form plaits along preferred direction of the pipe. Each yarn could be formed by braided fiber or tows. 6-tow maypole braided construction is a good example for one of many possible yarn designs. - The total wick structure accounts for small (capillary 3) and large (passages 2) gaps. The capillary are formed by fiber-fiber gaps and inner-yarn tubes, Inner yarn tube is formed when small number of carriers (4-8) are used in rotary or maypole braiding. The passages are formed by yarn-yarn and braid-braid spacing. This construction has high mechanical stability and yet flexible. Its capillary channels are suitable for efficient transport of a liquid, and intrinsic passages allow for vapor transport and efficient liquid-vapor interaction.
- Plaiting ensures anisotropic capillary properties that increase liquid transport rates. The braids are shaped to allow
free passages 2 for vapor in spaces between the yarns. At the same time each plait performs capillary functions by transporting liquid through channels formed byadjacent yarns 3 and inside the yarn. Twisted braiding increases capillary efficiency since adjacent twists of braids create shortcuts that significantly reduce effective capillary length. -
FIG. 2 show one of possible yarn constructions. This yarn is created by braiding sixfibers 4 using a maypole braider. This braid allows forintrinsic channel 5 along the braid axis. The whole yarn works as a capillary size tube with porous walls. The size of thepores 6 is smaller than the size of the channel. When used in conjunction with a liquid that has low surface angle on the material of the fiber, the yarn quickly absorbs the liquid through the walls. When wetted the walls behave as a solid surface. The surface angle of the liquid on this surface is zero degree. This make internal channel an ideal capillary for quick transport of the liquid along the yarn. - Shell
- Unlike traditional wicks the structure of braided wick easily withstands both positive and negative external and internal pressure. In addition to benefits such as good recovery from ice formation, it enables use of thing foils and flexible films for the shell construction. Use of low pressure refrigerant liquids accounts of negative pressure gradient across the shell. Prior art designs utilize thick wall plates or tubes to counteract this pressure. They also incorporate spacers to prevent collapse of a heat pipe.
- The wick of this invention eliminates the need in all these elements. A thin foil (e.g. 50 gauge aluminum foil) can be uses as a sole constructive element of the pipe shell as shown on
FIG. 3 . Thewick 1 forms a sheet withyarns 3 weaved or braided together alike a fabric. Refrigerant liquid is carried mostly by the yarns while vapor is transported through thechannels 2 and pores formed by the fabric. Ultrathin metal foil 7 is well supported by the wick. - The only real limitation for the foil thickness is absence of pinholes as mechanical strength of even 5 micron aluminum is sufficient to resist 1 bar of air pressure when placed on top of the wick of this invention. To eliminate effect of production pinholes a laminate of two layers of capacitor grade aluminum foil is created with total laminate thickness of 12 microns. The
laminate 7 under pressure formscorrugated patterns 8 alike well known “diamond plate”. This embossed pattern serves two critical roles for the matter of this invention. First, it forms coplanarmechanical contact 9 with the wick that dramatically increases wick's mechanical stability. Second, it makes highly efficient thermal contact with surfaces of the yarns. Each yarn walls are saturated with refrigerant liquid that makes said thermal contact highly stable and efficient. - The load bearing ability of the wick allows for its efficient use with medium and high pressure refrigerant fluids. Prior art designs of heat pipes for high pressure applications accounts for thick walls or round pipe or external constraints (underground installation). The wick of this invention allows to avoid these design solutions as they contribute to higher weight and reduced usability.
- The shell for positive pressure designs can be furnished by organic or inorganic polymers, fiber reinforced materials, or other composites. Dense yarn structure of the wick allows the shell material to be glued or molded into the surface of the wick. Other well known methods of lamination can be used as well. Alternatively layer or layers composing the shell can be interweaved with the wick surface, or sewed with the wick, or any other well known technique of mechanical attachment can be employed to secure the shell on the wick.
- Typical topology of surface for the invented wick has weaves every 1 mm or less. Foil of Aluminum Alloy 2014-T6 100 micron thick will be able to sustain 1700 psi pressure. The wick material for this high pressure scenario can be steel fiber or carbon fiber. Most refrigerant has critical pressure below 1700 psi that allow for use of broader spectrum of wick materials.
- The thin shell design of this invention under positive and negative pressure forms intrinsic corrugations of the surface this makes entire assembly flexible enough to allow in place bending and curling of the pipe. The shape factor for the pipe can be selected as a sheet, tape, sleeve or any others as only one factor defines this shape -the wick cross section.
-
FIG. 1 . Cross-section of schematic structure of the wick (top), and its appearance from outside (below). -
FIG. 2 . Construction of braided yarn with intrinsic cavity (left), yarn appearance is similar to thread but have braiding (right). -
FIG. 3 . Oriented braided wick constrained between shell layers. Top view (top left), front view (bottom left), side view (center). Details (right) shows deformation of shell surface (top) and persistence of intrinsic cavities (bottom).
Claims (15)
1. A capillary device formed by a set of braided or plaited threads, wherein said braiding or plaiting forms plurality of intrinsic channels with preferred direction coincident with preferred direction of said braiding, and the term thread represents a material in shape of wire, fiber, tow, yarns or alike, and average cross section area of said plurality exceeds the area of average opening between said threads in direction normal to said preferred direction, and said plurality contains at least one channel, and said structural, and a said device retain its geometrical constraints under either external or internal pressure, or under both internal and external pressure.
2. A heat pipe device having a capillary structure commonly known as a wick, wherein the wick forms a spatial structure that provides both capillary properties and interconnected gas permeable voids, wherein said structure retains said properties under either external or internal pressure, or under both internal and external pressure.
3. A heat pipe device having a capillary structure commonly known as a wick, wherein said wick structure utilizes capillary devices of claim 1 , and said device form spatial ordered pattern and spatial orientations of said preferred directions form limited number of well defined clusters.
4. A device of claim 2 , wherein said wick is formed by braided fibers or yarns.
5. A device of claim 2 , wherein said wick is formed by plurality of fabric sheets or by three dimensional woven or braided or knitted fabric structure.
6. A device of claim 2 , wherein the outer shell construction utilizes a plurality of not smooth foil or sheets of thin material with thickness of less then 1 mm each, and said plurality contains at least one element.
7. A device of claim 6 , wherein said shell is attached to said wick.
8. A device of claim 2 , wherein said wick is made of polymer material.
9. A device of claim 2 , wherein said wick is made of metal or alloy.
10. A device of claim 2 , wherein said wick is made of inorganic fiber.
11. A device of claim 2 , wherein said wick is made of carbon of graphite fiber.
12. A device of claim 1 , wherein said threads are made of polymer material.
13. A device of claim 1 , wherein said threads are made of metal or alloy.
14. A device of claim 1 , wherein said threads are made of inorganic fiber.
15. A device of claim 1 , wherein said threads are made of carbon of graphite fiber.
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/306,530 US20070151709A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Heat pipes utilizing load bearing wicks |
US11/307,125 US7299860B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-01-24 | Integral fastener heat pipe |
US11/307,292 US20070151710A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-01-31 | High throughput technology for heat pipe production |
US11/307,359 US20070151121A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-02-02 | Stretchable and transformable planar heat pipe for apparel and footwear, and production method thereof |
US11/307,865 US7310232B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-02-26 | Multi-surface heat sink film |
US11/308,107 US20070154700A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-03-07 | Tunable heat regulating textile |
US11/308,438 US20070155271A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-03-24 | Heat conductive textile and method producing thereof |
US11/308,663 US20070151703A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-04-19 | Grid and yarn membrane heat pipes |
PCT/US2006/062591 WO2007079371A2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-12-24 | Perforated heat pipe material |
PCT/US2006/062773 WO2007079427A2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-12-30 | Heat transferring material utilizing load bearing textile wicks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/306,530 US20070151709A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Heat pipes utilizing load bearing wicks |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/306,529 Continuation-In-Part US20080099188A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Perforated heat pipes |
US30705106A Continuation-In-Part | 2005-12-30 | 2006-01-20 |
Related Child Applications (9)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US30653105A Continuation-In-Part | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | |
US11/306,529 Continuation-In-Part US20080099188A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Perforated heat pipes |
US11/307,125 Continuation-In-Part US7299860B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-01-24 | Integral fastener heat pipe |
US11/307,292 Continuation-In-Part US20070151710A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-01-31 | High throughput technology for heat pipe production |
US11/307,359 Continuation-In-Part US20070151121A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-02-02 | Stretchable and transformable planar heat pipe for apparel and footwear, and production method thereof |
US11/307,865 Continuation-In-Part US7310232B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-02-26 | Multi-surface heat sink film |
US11/308,107 Continuation-In-Part US20070154700A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-03-07 | Tunable heat regulating textile |
US11/308,438 Continuation-In-Part US20070155271A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-03-24 | Heat conductive textile and method producing thereof |
US11/308,663 Continuation-In-Part US20070151703A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-04-19 | Grid and yarn membrane heat pipes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20070151709A1 true US20070151709A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/306,530 Abandoned US20070151709A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Heat pipes utilizing load bearing wicks |
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US (1) | US20070151709A1 (en) |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20070240857A1 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2007-10-18 | Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Heat pipe with capillary wick |
US20090071632A1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible heat pipe |
US20100162970A1 (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-01 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Heat -pipe electric power generating device and hydrogen/oxygen gas generating apparatus and internal combustion engine system having the same |
US20100162969A1 (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-01 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Heat-pipe electric power generating device and hydrogen/oxygen gas generating apparatus and internal combustion engine system having the same |
DE102009007380A1 (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-12 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Heat pipe for e.g. transporting and dissipating heats of electronic components or assemblies in e.g. laptop, has displacement body arranged in opening and partially surrounded by operating medium i.e. water |
US20100236761A1 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-23 | Acbel Polytech Inc. | Liquid cooled heat sink for multiple separated heat generating devices |
US20120000530A1 (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | Miles Mark W | Device for harnessing solar energy with integrated heat transfer core, regenerator, and condenser |
JP2013002641A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2013-01-07 | Fujikura Ltd | Flat heat pipe and method of manufacturing the same |
US20130112372A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-09 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Flat heat pipe and fabrication method thereof |
US20150041103A1 (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-02-12 | Aall Power Heatsinks, Inc. | Vapor chamber with improved wicking structure |
US20150176918A1 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-25 | Hao Pai | Coaxial capillary structure and ultra-thin heat pipe structure having the same |
US20150280295A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Multi-Functional High Temperature Structure for Thermal Management and Prevention of Explosion Propagation |
CN105258543A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-01-20 | 奇鋐科技股份有限公司 | Crosswise-woven capillary structure and heat pipe structure with same |
US20160069616A1 (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-10 | Asia Vital Components Co., Ltd. | Heat pipe with complex capillary structure |
CN105716460A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-29 | 华南理工大学 | Fiber bundle capillary core flat heat pipe and preparation method thereof |
US20170027225A1 (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2017-02-02 | Batmark Limited | Aerosol-forming member |
WO2017044133A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc. | Multi-functional high temperature structure for thermal management and prevention of explosion propagation |
US10527359B1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2020-01-07 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Lightweight sandwich panel heat pipe |
US20200309469A1 (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High porosity, low tortuosity, variable-pore-size structured topology for capillary wicks |
CN111788445A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-10-16 | 株式会社藤仓 | Flat heat pipe |
US11482744B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2022-10-25 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Multi-functional structure for thermal management and prevention of failure propagation |
US11569537B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2023-01-31 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Multi-functional structure for thermal management and prevention of failure propagation |
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