US20070039275A1 - Features for thin composite architectural panels - Google Patents
Features for thin composite architectural panels Download PDFInfo
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- US20070039275A1 US20070039275A1 US11/371,326 US37132606A US2007039275A1 US 20070039275 A1 US20070039275 A1 US 20070039275A1 US 37132606 A US37132606 A US 37132606A US 2007039275 A1 US2007039275 A1 US 2007039275A1
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- thin composite
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- laminates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
- E04F13/0878—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer the basic insulating layer comprising mutual alignment or interlocking means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/12—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of metal or with an outer layer of metal or enameled metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to thin composite architectural panels, and methods of making and assembling the same.
- thin composite architectural wall panels have been manufactured in multi-step processes which often involve both sheet manufacturers and panel fabricators.
- a thin composite sheet is manufactured by laminating metal skins to a plastic core.
- An example of such a composite sheet is the “ALUCOBOND” material produced by Alusuisse Group, Ltd., Zurich, Switzerland.
- these sheets are typically shipped to a fabricator where they are cut to size and routed so as to return the edges around the perimeter.
- extrusions are fabricated and applied to the panel perimeter to create panel joinery.
- stiffeners are typically applied in the field (i.e., the major flattened portion) of the panel to reduce the bowing of the thin panel under load. All of this tends to represent rather cumbersome and costly processes.
- Thin composite panel and “thin composite architectural panel” are widely recognized as essentially interchangeable terms of art that relate to a specific genre of architectural panels, configured substantially as described above, whereby a thickness dimension as measured between opposing faces in the field of the panel can generally be between about 4 mm and about 6 mm, though a greater range of thicknesses, such as less than about 15 mm or less than about 10 mm are feasible.
- FIG. 1 Another currently available architectural panel product is embodied by a thicker composite foam panel which is made from metal skins sandwiching an insulated foam core.
- Such panels are widely known; examples thereof are disclosed, for instance, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,749,282 to Brow et al.
- Attendant manufacturing processes tend to be quicker and can involve lower manufacturing costs than with the conventional thin composite processes described above, but here manufacturing limitations do exist.
- An evolving need has thus been recognized in connection with imparting to the manufacture of thin composite panels a measure of ease and convenience typically enjoyed in connection with the manufacture of thicker composite panels.
- a thin composite architectural panel comprising: a structural core; a set of laminates disposed about the structural core; a first portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; a second portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; the first interfacing portion comprising a first lip portion adapted to be interposed between a wall and a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; and the second interfacing portion comprising a second lip portion adapted to flank, with a wall, a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; whereby the introduction of a sealant between the first lip portion and a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel is facilitated; whereby the introduction of a sealant between the second lip portion and a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel is facilitated.
- a thin composite architectural panel comprising: a structural core; a set of laminates disposed about the structural core; wherein the structural core has been introduced between the laminates via reaction injection molding.
- a method of forming a thin composite architectural panel comprising the steps of: providing a set of laminates; and introducing a structural core between the laminates via reaction injection molding.
- a thin composite panel comprising: a structural core; a set of laminates disposed about the structural core; at least one interchangeable component adapted to impart a pre-selectable appearance solely to a reveal associated with the panel.
- a thin composite architectural panel comprising: a structural core; laminates disposed about said structural core; a first portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; and a second portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; said first interfacing portion comprising a first extension portion adapted to be interposed between a wall and an extension portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; and said second interfacing portion comprising a second extension portion adapted to flank, with a wall, an extension portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; said first and second interfacing portions comprising at least one connecting structural element disposed between at least one terminal portion of said face sheet element and at least one terminal portion of said major liner sheet element.
- FIG. 1 is a plan cut-away view of conventional thin composite panels and an extruded connection therebetween;
- FIG. 2 a is a schematic view of metal skin components of a thin composite panel
- FIG. 2 b is a close-up view of an interconnection between two thin composite panels using the metal skin components of FIG. 2 a;
- FIG. 3 a is a schematic view of alternative metal skin components of a thin composite panel, including an interchangeable component for imparting predetermined visual features to a reveal;
- FIG. 3 b is a close-up view of an interconnection between two thin composite panels using the metal skin components of FIG. 3 a;
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a panel manufacturing process
- FIG. 5 illustrates a variant panel embodiment
- thin composite architectural panels also known as thin composite wall panels
- thin composite wall panels are recognized in the art as normally encompassing a laminated composite including a polymeric or foam core sandwiched between two laminates, e.g., metal skins.
- sheets of a thin composite are fabricated by cutting them to size and bending their ends at right angles via routing.
- the panels are typically adjoined to one another, between bent ends, via extruded joining mechanisms. Shown in FIG. 1 is such a conventional arrangement. As shown, two bent vertical thin composite panels 102 and 104 are joined at a vertical joint via an extruded connector indicated at 106 .
- the extruded connector 106 shown in FIG. 1 is of a particular configuration and size for the application at hand, such connectors of course have assumed other configurations and sizes as needed.
- a primary problem presented by such a connectors overall is that these are components formed in a separate process from the composite panels, thus necessitating a complicated procedure of first producing the panels, separately producing the extruded connector (conceivably to customized, and not necessarily universal, specifications), and then finally assembling the three components on-site.
- metal sheet elements in forming a thin composite architectural panel and in providing effective joinery.
- metal sheet elements are indicated at 202 , 204 , 206 and 208 , schematically in FIG. 2 a and in more detail in FIG. 2 b .
- the larger elements 202 , 204 may preferably be roll-formed given their great extent, while the smaller elements 206 , 208 could preferably be formed by a process such as via folding or a press-break.
- a face sheet 202 (i.e., that will be oriented externally and thus viewable on the exterior of a building wall) may preferably be integrable with liner elements 204 , 206 and 208 (i.e., that will be disposed towards the interior of a building wall and thus will largely not be visible on the exterior of the building wall).
- metal sheet elements (which may alternatively be termed “laminates” or “laminate components”) 202 , 204 , 206 , 208 can preferably be integrable with one another to create an interior space for the receipt of foam or polymer (e.g., polyurethane) in forming a structural core for a thin composite panel.
- FIG. 2 b affords a close-up view of an interconnection between two adjacent thin composite panels 201 a and 201 b . It should be understood that FIG. 2 b can be representative either of a horizontal joint connection between two adjacent horizontal thin composite panels or a vertical joint connection between two adjacent vertical thin composite panels.
- the four metal sheet elements 202 / 204 / 206 / 208 , or laminates, depicted in FIG. 2 a are evident in FIG. 2 b , though in FIG. 2 b they are not entirely shown with respect to both panels 201 a and 201 b .
- face sheet element 202 a of first panel 201 a traverses flatly over a significant portion of the front of first panel 201 a (i.e., has an ample module, or frontal dimension in the vertical direction with respect to FIGS. 2 a and 2 b , e.g. of about 57 inches or a little less) and then terminates at a return edge that may form the upper portion of a reveal 214 .
- major liner sheet element 206 a that is by and large parallel to face sheet element 202 a , terminates by progressing inwardly towards the inner wall 212 and then, briefly, in parallel to wall 212 as shown.
- Liner element 208 essentially interconnects the terminal portions of elements 202 a and 206 a via an essentially parallel orientation with respect to portions of elements 202 a and 206 a as shown, and itself preferably terminates in a cross-sectional “u” adjacent inner wall 212 where it briefly overlaps the end portion of element 206 a.
- a face sheet element 202 b may preferably terminate here by progressing inwardly towards inner wall 212 and thence again in parallel with respect to inner wall 212 .
- Major liner sheet element 206 b may preferably terminate similarly, although it will preferably extend virtually the entire distance to inner wall 212 before again running parallel with respect thereto.
- Liner element 204 is preferably configured to interconnect the terminal portions of elements 202 b and 206 b as shown, particularly, via briefly overlapping element both elements 202 b and 206 b.
- panels 201 a and 201 b will preferably be configured similarly to one another over their entire extent.
- attachment fastener is preferably provided to attach panel 201 b to inner wall 212 while sealant 218 will preferably be provided between liner elements 208 and 204 in a gap formed therebetween.
- stiffeners which are typically separate elements interposed between a thin composite and inner wall as known in the art, may be used to control cross-bowing of wide modules under suction loads.
- Sample dimensions with respect to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 b may include a thickness a of between about 6 and about 8 mm in the major flat, frontal portion of each panel and a distance b of about 2 inches from the frontmost portion of each panel to inner wall 212 .
- Dimension c, or the frontal width of a reveal 214 formed between the panels 201 a / 201 b can be customizably varied by appropriately configuring skin elements 202 b and 206 b.
- FIGS. 2 a and 2 b are of course merely illustrative and not restrictive with respect to the large variety of configurations that can be carried out within the scope of the present invention.
- 2 b is facilitated by the interposition of a “u” portion (or lip portion) 220 of first panel 201 a (afforded by liner element 208 ) between a “hump” portion (or lip portion) 222 of second panel 201 b (afforded by liner element 204 ) and inner wall 212 , and providing sealant 218 in the gap therebetween. It will be appreciated that this affords a strong and rigid connection between panels 201 a and 201 b , especially with the assistance of the anchoring effect provided by attachment fastener 210 with respect to panel 201 b.
- panel products such as those contemplated in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2 b and related embodiments are an affordable architectural product with good flatness and wide modules.
- panels are provided which are integrable with other types of panel joinery in other types of panels, and with various accessories such as windows, trim extrusions and louvers.
- metal skins or sheet elements
- Another attendant advantage is concealed-fastener, pressure-equalized joinery that utilizes dry seal technology.
- FIGS. 3 a and 3 b Another refinement of the present invention, as depicted in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b , involves forming a panel with external sheet elements that lend themselves to “reveals” having a distinct appearance.
- FIGS. 3 a and 3 b are essentially similar to FIGS. 2 a and 2 b , respectively, except that reference numerals for similar components are advanced by 100 .
- a smaller face sheet element 303 traversing a short extent in parallel with inner wall 312 at the rear of reveal 314 and configured to fit snugly over a shortened terminal portion of face sheet 301 b while being accommodated by attachment fastener 301 , could-preferably be provided.
- This element 303 can be made from a different (and, by extension, differently colored) metallic material than other sheet elements ( 302 a / 302 b ) that are visible from the outside of the building wall, or could simply be of a similar material but colored differently. This then provides a reliable process for “colorizing” or otherwise adding distinct visual features to a reveal that is far more effective and durable than conventional processes such as providing colored tape at the rear of a reveal.
- the versatility of such an arrangement should also be appreciated, in that a set of elements 303 , providing different colors or visual features, could essentially be interchangeable or freely available to lend an appearance to reveal 314 as desired in the application at hand.
- the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b is illustrative rather than restrictive; a wide variety of possible configurations are conceivable within the scope of the present invention that involve the use of interchangeable sub-components for selectably altering the appearance of a reveal.
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a manufacturing process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- skin elements such as those described and illustrated with respect to FIGS. 2 a - 3 b may be formed ( 402 ) and then arranged ( 404 ) in a mold.
- the mold is then preferably inserted into a press ( 406 ) for the receipt of a foam or polymeric (e.g., polyurethane) core material within the skin elements.
- the process of imparting the foam or polymeric core material may preferably involve injection ( 408 ) and, most preferably, reaction injection molding (or, “RIM”).
- injection 408
- RIM reaction injection molding
- RIM e.g., as developed by the Bayer Corporation in Pittsburgh, Pa.
- automotive industry e.g., in forming automobile bumper systems
- RIM process is particularly well-suited to imparting a structural core into narrow and intricately shaped spaces such as those described, contemplated and illustrated herein.
- structural integrity and strength are greatly enhanced, and this in turn leads to highly admirable weathering performance.
- the polymeric core material will preferably be thermal-set in view of the high temperatures associated with RIM.
- the core material may preferably be introduced into a cavity 224 that is of sufficient volume as to adequately accommodate the high-velocity introduction of core material.
- a cavity 224 may be bound by different metal sheet elements (in this case, elements 202 b , 206 b and 204 ) and may have a significantly greater thickness than a majority of the panel.
- cavity 224 could have a sample thickness dimension d of about 0.75 inch.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a variant embodiment.
- a thin composite panel 501 with face sheet 502 and liner sheet 506 may be interconnected not by further connecting liner elements as in FIGS. 2 a - 2 b but with structural elements 504 and 508 .
- face sheet 502 and liner sheet 506 can be bridged by a first connecting structural element 504
- face sheet 502 and liner sheet 506 can be bridged by a second connecting structural element 506 .
- connecting structural elements 504 / 506 can be extruded elements, formed of a material such as aluminum.
- these elements 504 / 506 are quite distinct from the extruded interconnection 106 shown in FIG. 1 , and in fact function in a manner analogously to the connecting liner elements 204 / 206 in FIGS. 2 a - 2 b , as will be better appreciated from the discussion below.
- connecting elements 504 and 506 present features that permit them to be readily integrated with one another in assembling two or more panels together. As such, these features preferably also lend themselves to the same types of advantages discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 2 a - 2 b .
- element 504 may include a first leg 520 that is essentially perpendicular to liner sheet 506 , a second leg 522 for being essentially parallel to a wall, and a third leg 523 that “returns” to meet a portion of face sheet 502 .
- a hook portion 524 may further extend from third leg 523 as shown.
- element 508 may include a first leg 526 that extends towards a wall from liner sheet 506 , a second leg (or pair of legs) 528 extending from first leg 526 and serving essentially as a continuation of liner sheet 506 , and a third leg portion 530 that extends away from leg(s) 528 to meet a hooked portion of face sheet 502 . Further, there may preferably extend from, an end of first leg 526 away from liner sheet 506 , one or more “fourth leg” portions (such as those shown and indicated at 532 a/b ) that essentially run parallel to a wall and may contact a wall.
- hook portion 524 functions analogously to the lip portion 222 discussed heretofore
- “fourth leg” portions 532 a/b function analogously to the lip portion 220 discussed heretofore, with the same attendant advantages as discussed.
- Portions 524 and 532 a/b can thus be considered, like lip portions 222 / 220 , to be “extension portions”. Sealant need not necessarily be provided between hook portion 524 and “fourth leg” portions 532 a/b.
- FIG. 5 the features shown in FIG. 5 are provided as non-restrictive and illustrative examples, and it should be appreciated that a connecting structural element 504 or 508 may be embodied in essentially any analogous manner that would provide a similar function as the particular elements 504 / 508 that are shown.
- first leg” 520 may be eliminated in favor of an extension of liner sheet 506 that meets “second leg” 522 .
- FIGS. 2 a - 2 b any embodiments analogous thereto essentially differ from FIGS. 2 a - 2 b in that, in the case of FIG.
- connecting elements other than connecting liner sheet elements are used to interconnect a face sheet and a liner sheet, while a similar degree of structural integrity is still provided. It is of course conceivable to provide a hybrid arrangement wherein, at one end of a panel, an interconnection such as 504 or 508 (or one analogous thereto) is provided at one end of a panel 501 while at the other end of panel 501 an interconnection is provided such as contemplated in connection with FIGS. 2 a - 2 b (i.e., involving connecting liner elements).
- a product which utilizes the economies of roll-formed edges of foamed-in-place (or poured-in-place) thicker panels and the highly desirable extreme flatness and wide module of a thin composite to offer a wide module architectural panel at reasonable cost.
- the panel can be made with a reaction injection molding RIM process and a high-density core material. Post-fabrication, as can be appreciated from the discussion herein, will very likely be minimal.
Abstract
Thin composite panels with interconnection schemes that are unitized with the panels, i.e., formed integrally and substantially simultaneously with the panels, and/or that are embodied by structural elements bridging a face sheet and a liner sheet of a panel. Further contemplated is the application of an injection molding technique, such as reaction injection molding, in establishing a foam or polymeric core between laminates in thin composite panels. Additionally contemplated is the use of interchangeable laminate components in affording the capability of altering the coloring or other visual features of a reveal in a panel or panels.
Description
- This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/342,155, filed on Jan. 14, 2003, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
- The present invention generally relates to thin composite architectural panels, and methods of making and assembling the same.
- To date, thin composite architectural wall panels have been manufactured in multi-step processes which often involve both sheet manufacturers and panel fabricators. First, a thin composite sheet is manufactured by laminating metal skins to a plastic core. (An example of such a composite sheet is the “ALUCOBOND” material produced by Alusuisse Group, Ltd., Zurich, Switzerland.) Next, these sheets are typically shipped to a fabricator where they are cut to size and routed so as to return the edges around the perimeter. Typically, extrusions are fabricated and applied to the panel perimeter to create panel joinery. Also, stiffeners are typically applied in the field (i.e., the major flattened portion) of the panel to reduce the bowing of the thin panel under load. All of this tends to represent rather cumbersome and costly processes. (“Thin composite panel” and “thin composite architectural panel” are widely recognized as essentially interchangeable terms of art that relate to a specific genre of architectural panels, configured substantially as described above, whereby a thickness dimension as measured between opposing faces in the field of the panel can generally be between about 4 mm and about 6 mm, though a greater range of thicknesses, such as less than about 15 mm or less than about 10 mm are feasible.)
- Another currently available architectural panel product is embodied by a thicker composite foam panel which is made from metal skins sandwiching an insulated foam core. Such panels are widely known; examples thereof are disclosed, for instance, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,749,282 to Brow et al. Attendant manufacturing processes tend to be quicker and can involve lower manufacturing costs than with the conventional thin composite processes described above, but here manufacturing limitations do exist. An evolving need has thus been recognized in connection with imparting to the manufacture of thin composite panels a measure of ease and convenience typically enjoyed in connection with the manufacture of thicker composite panels.
- In view of the foregoing, there are specific aspects of conventional thin composite panels and their manufacture which appear to be ripe for improvement. One such aspect involves the schemes of interconnection between thin composite panels (i.e., the available connection arrangement at an interface between one thin composite panel and another). Historically, extruded interconnections of complex design have been utilized in such contexts, and such extruded interconnections have most often lent themselves to a manufacturing process completely separate from the manufacture of the panels themselves. Thus, a tremendous need has been recognized in connection with eradicating the associated inefficiencies in manufacture and possibly wasteful investment in separate materials.
- In the realm of providing a foam or polymeric (e.g., polyurethane) core to be sandwiched between laminates, conventional approaches have tended to emphasize poured-in-place processes that can often provide significant investments of time and resources to the process of manufacturing thin composite panels. A need has thus also been recognized in connection with providing a more efficient manner of establishing a foam or polymeric core in thin composite panels.
- Finally, history has seen various efforts made towards imparting distinct coloring or other supplementary visual features to a panel reveal. (A “reveal”, as generally known in the art, may be defined as a recessed region in the face of an architectural panel, and which may be disposed solely in one panel or defined between two panels, that itself normally lends a significant visual enhancement to a panel or building wall even without coloring or other supplementary visual features.) To date, it has generally been the case that only rudimentary methods have been contemplated for the purpose, such as, for example, the application of colored tape strips to a rear portion of the reveal. Accordingly, a need has been recognized in connection with providing a more effective and permanent method for imparting coloring or other supplementary visual features to a reveal.
- Generally, there are broadly contemplated, in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, various features for incorporation in the environment of thin composite panels that admirably address the problems discussed above.
- In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there are preferably provided schemes of interconnection between thin composite panels that are unitized with the panels, i.e., formed integrally and substantially simultaneously with the panels in question.
- In the context of the manufacture of thin composite panels, there is preferably provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention the application of an injection molding technique, such as reaction injection molding, in establishing a foam or polymeric core between laminates.
- There is also broadly contemplated, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the use of interchangeable laminate components in affording the capability of altering the coloring or other visual features of a reveal in a panel or panels.
- Generally, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention a thin composite architectural panel comprising: a structural core; a set of laminates disposed about the structural core; a first portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; a second portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; the first interfacing portion comprising a first lip portion adapted to be interposed between a wall and a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; and the second interfacing portion comprising a second lip portion adapted to flank, with a wall, a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; whereby the introduction of a sealant between the first lip portion and a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel is facilitated; whereby the introduction of a sealant between the second lip portion and a lip portion of another thin composite architectural panel is facilitated.
- Further, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention a thin composite architectural panel comprising: a structural core; a set of laminates disposed about the structural core; wherein the structural core has been introduced between the laminates via reaction injection molding.
- Additionally, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of forming a thin composite architectural panel, the method comprising the steps of: providing a set of laminates; and introducing a structural core between the laminates via reaction injection molding.
- Furthermore, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention a thin composite panel comprising: a structural core; a set of laminates disposed about the structural core; at least one interchangeable component adapted to impart a pre-selectable appearance solely to a reveal associated with the panel.
- Yet further, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention a thin composite architectural panel comprising: a structural core; laminates disposed about said structural core; a first portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; and a second portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; said first interfacing portion comprising a first extension portion adapted to be interposed between a wall and an extension portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; and said second interfacing portion comprising a second extension portion adapted to flank, with a wall, an extension portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; said first and second interfacing portions comprising at least one connecting structural element disposed between at least one terminal portion of said face sheet element and at least one terminal portion of said major liner sheet element.
- The present invention and its presently preferred embodiments will be better understood by way of reference to the detailed disclosure herebelow and to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a plan cut-away view of conventional thin composite panels and an extruded connection therebetween; -
FIG. 2 a is a schematic view of metal skin components of a thin composite panel; -
FIG. 2 b is a close-up view of an interconnection between two thin composite panels using the metal skin components ofFIG. 2 a; -
FIG. 3 a is a schematic view of alternative metal skin components of a thin composite panel, including an interchangeable component for imparting predetermined visual features to a reveal; -
FIG. 3 b is a close-up view of an interconnection between two thin composite panels using the metal skin components ofFIG. 3 a; -
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a panel manufacturing process; and -
FIG. 5 illustrates a variant panel embodiment. - As touched upon heretofore, thin composite architectural panels, also known as thin composite wall panels, are recognized in the art as normally encompassing a laminated composite including a polymeric or foam core sandwiched between two laminates, e.g., metal skins.
- Conventionally, sheets of a thin composite are fabricated by cutting them to size and bending their ends at right angles via routing. The panels are typically adjoined to one another, between bent ends, via extruded joining mechanisms. Shown in
FIG. 1 is such a conventional arrangement. As shown, two bent verticalthin composite panels panels pressure channel 110,snap cover 112, flange bolts/nuts 114 and amachine screw 118. - Though the
extruded connector 106 shown inFIG. 1 is of a particular configuration and size for the application at hand, such connectors of course have assumed other configurations and sizes as needed. Generally, it should be understood that a primary problem presented by such a connectors overall is that these are components formed in a separate process from the composite panels, thus necessitating a complicated procedure of first producing the panels, separately producing the extruded connector (conceivably to customized, and not necessarily universal, specifications), and then finally assembling the three components on-site. - By contrast, there is broadly contemplated, in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, the absence of an extruded connection such as that shown in
FIG. 1 . More particularly, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with a preferred embodiment the use of metal sheet elements in forming a thin composite architectural panel and in providing effective joinery. Examples of metal sheet elements are indicated at 202, 204, 206 and 208, schematically inFIG. 2 a and in more detail inFIG. 2 b. Thelarger elements smaller elements liner elements - As can be appreciated from
FIG. 2 a, metal sheet elements (which may alternatively be termed “laminates” or “laminate components”) 202, 204, 206, 208 can preferably be integrable with one another to create an interior space for the receipt of foam or polymer (e.g., polyurethane) in forming a structural core for a thin composite panel.FIG. 2 b, on the other hand, affords a close-up view of an interconnection between two adjacentthin composite panels FIG. 2 b can be representative either of a horizontal joint connection between two adjacent horizontal thin composite panels or a vertical joint connection between two adjacent vertical thin composite panels. - The four
metal sheet elements 202/204/206/208, or laminates, depicted inFIG. 2 a are evident inFIG. 2 b, though inFIG. 2 b they are not entirely shown with respect to bothpanels face sheet element 202 a offirst panel 201 a traverses flatly over a significant portion of the front offirst panel 201 a (i.e., has an ample module, or frontal dimension in the vertical direction with respect toFIGS. 2 a and 2 b, e.g. of about 57 inches or a little less) and then terminates at a return edge that may form the upper portion of areveal 214. On the other hand, majorliner sheet element 206 a, that is by and large parallel to facesheet element 202 a, terminates by progressing inwardly towards theinner wall 212 and then, briefly, in parallel to wall 212 as shown.Liner element 208 essentially interconnects the terminal portions ofelements elements inner wall 212 where it briefly overlaps the end portion ofelement 206 a. - As shown with respect to
second panel 201 b, aface sheet element 202 b may preferably terminate here by progressing inwardly towardsinner wall 212 and thence again in parallel with respect toinner wall 212. Majorliner sheet element 206 b may preferably terminate similarly, although it will preferably extend virtually the entire distance toinner wall 212 before again running parallel with respect thereto.Liner element 204 is preferably configured to interconnect the terminal portions ofelements elements - It should be understood that, with reference to the embodiment depicted in
FIG. 2 b,panels - For the purpose of facilitating the interconnection of
panels panel 201 b toinner wall 212 whilesealant 218 will preferably be provided betweenliner elements - When required, stiffeners (not illustrated), which are typically separate elements interposed between a thin composite and inner wall as known in the art, may be used to control cross-bowing of wide modules under suction loads.
- Sample dimensions with respect to the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2 b may include a thickness a of between about 6 and about 8 mm in the major flat, frontal portion of each panel and a distance b of about 2 inches from the frontmost portion of each panel toinner wall 212. Dimension c, or the frontal width of areveal 214 formed between thepanels 201 a/201 b can be customizably varied by appropriately configuringskin elements - The features and dimensions depicted and described with respect to
FIGS. 2 a and 2 b are of course merely illustrative and not restrictive with respect to the large variety of configurations that can be carried out within the scope of the present invention. Essentially, there is broadly contemplated in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention the eased manufacture and assembly of thin composite panels, via the use of customizable formed sheet elements such as 202/204/206/208, as well as the eased interconnection of such panels via the optimized geometry and orientation of such components at their end portions. Thus, for instance, interconnection between panels in the embodiment shown inFIG. 2 b is facilitated by the interposition of a “u” portion (or lip portion) 220 offirst panel 201 a (afforded by liner element 208) between a “hump” portion (or lip portion) 222 ofsecond panel 201 b (afforded by liner element 204) andinner wall 212, and providingsealant 218 in the gap therebetween. It will be appreciated that this affords a strong and rigid connection betweenpanels attachment fastener 210 with respect topanel 201 b. - It will be appreciated that the use of roll-formed sheet elements in establishing the perimeter appears to lend itself to an easier and less costly scheme of interconnection between panels than in the case of extruded joinery (as in
FIG. 1 ). - Among the unique advantages and features associated with panel products such as those contemplated in accordance with the embodiment of
FIG. 2 b and related embodiments are an affordable architectural product with good flatness and wide modules. The result can also be that panels are provided which are integrable with other types of panel joinery in other types of panels, and with various accessories such as windows, trim extrusions and louvers. Conceivably, a wide variety of metal skins (or sheet elements) may be employed, such as aluminum, steel, copper, zinc and possibly many, many more. Another attendant advantage, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, is concealed-fastener, pressure-equalized joinery that utilizes dry seal technology. - Another refinement of the present invention, as depicted in
FIGS. 3 a and 3 b, involves forming a panel with external sheet elements that lend themselves to “reveals” having a distinct appearance.FIGS. 3 a and 3 b are essentially similar toFIGS. 2 a and 2 b, respectively, except that reference numerals for similar components are advanced by 100. Further, as shown inFIGS. 3 a and 3 b, a smallerface sheet element 303, traversing a short extent in parallel withinner wall 312 at the rear ofreveal 314 and configured to fit snugly over a shortened terminal portion offace sheet 301 b while being accommodated by attachment fastener 301, could-preferably be provided. Thiselement 303 can be made from a different (and, by extension, differently colored) metallic material than other sheet elements (302 a/302 b) that are visible from the outside of the building wall, or could simply be of a similar material but colored differently. This then provides a reliable process for “colorizing” or otherwise adding distinct visual features to a reveal that is far more effective and durable than conventional processes such as providing colored tape at the rear of a reveal. The versatility of such an arrangement should also be appreciated, in that a set ofelements 303, providing different colors or visual features, could essentially be interchangeable or freely available to lend an appearance to reveal 314 as desired in the application at hand. Again, the embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 3 a and 3 b is illustrative rather than restrictive; a wide variety of possible configurations are conceivable within the scope of the present invention that involve the use of interchangeable sub-components for selectably altering the appearance of a reveal. -
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a manufacturing process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, skin elements such as those described and illustrated with respect toFIGS. 2 a-3 b may be formed (402) and then arranged (404) in a mold. The mold is then preferably inserted into a press (406) for the receipt of a foam or polymeric (e.g., polyurethane) core material within the skin elements. The process of imparting the foam or polymeric core material may preferably involve injection (408) and, most preferably, reaction injection molding (or, “RIM”). RIM (e.g., as developed by the Bayer Corporation in Pittsburgh, Pa.) is used at present in the automotive industry (e.g., in forming automobile bumper systems), and has been found to provide surprising and advantageous results in connection with the formation of thin composite architectural panels. It has been found, particularly, that a RIM process is particularly well-suited to imparting a structural core into narrow and intricately shaped spaces such as those described, contemplated and illustrated herein. In view of an “aggressive” bond provided by an RIM process, structural integrity and strength are greatly enhanced, and this in turn leads to highly admirable weathering performance. If a RIM process is used to impart a polymeric core material, then the polymeric core material will preferably be thermal-set in view of the high temperatures associated with RIM. - If a RIM process is used then, with reference to
FIG. 2 b, the core material may preferably be introduced into acavity 224 that is of sufficient volume as to adequately accommodate the high-velocity introduction of core material. As shown, such acavity 224 may be bound by different metal sheet elements (in this case,elements cavity 224 could have a sample thickness dimension d of about 0.75 inch. -
FIG. 5 illustrates a variant embodiment. As shown, a thincomposite panel 501 withface sheet 502 andliner sheet 506 may be interconnected not by further connecting liner elements as inFIGS. 2 a-2 b but with structural elements 504 and 508. Thus, at one end ofpanel 501, particularly in the vicinity ofattachment fastener 510,face sheet 502 andliner sheet 506 can be bridged by a first connecting structural element 504, while at the other end ofpanel 501,face sheet 502 andliner sheet 506 can be bridged by a second connectingstructural element 506. Preferably, connecting structural elements 504/506 can be extruded elements, formed of a material such as aluminum. It should be understood and appreciated that these elements 504/506 are quite distinct from the extrudedinterconnection 106 shown inFIG. 1 , and in fact function in a manner analogously to the connectingliner elements 204/206 inFIGS. 2 a-2 b, as will be better appreciated from the discussion below. - Preferably, connecting
elements 504 and 506 present features that permit them to be readily integrated with one another in assembling two or more panels together. As such, these features preferably also lend themselves to the same types of advantages discussed herein in connection withFIGS. 2 a-2 b. As shown, element 504 may include afirst leg 520 that is essentially perpendicular toliner sheet 506, asecond leg 522 for being essentially parallel to a wall, and athird leg 523 that “returns” to meet a portion offace sheet 502. Ahook portion 524 may further extend fromthird leg 523 as shown. For its part, element 508 may include a first leg 526 that extends towards a wall fromliner sheet 506, a second leg (or pair of legs) 528 extending from first leg 526 and serving essentially as a continuation ofliner sheet 506, and athird leg portion 530 that extends away from leg(s) 528 to meet a hooked portion offace sheet 502. Further, there may preferably extend from, an end of first leg 526 away fromliner sheet 506, one or more “fourth leg” portions (such as those shown and indicated at 532 a/b) that essentially run parallel to a wall and may contact a wall. - It should be appreciated that
hook portion 524 functions analogously to thelip portion 222 discussed heretofore, and “fourth leg”portions 532 a/b function analogously to thelip portion 220 discussed heretofore, with the same attendant advantages as discussed.Portions lip portions 222/220, to be “extension portions”. Sealant need not necessarily be provided betweenhook portion 524 and “fourth leg”portions 532 a/b. - Of course, the features shown in
FIG. 5 are provided as non-restrictive and illustrative examples, and it should be appreciated that a connecting structural element 504 or 508 may be embodied in essentially any analogous manner that would provide a similar function as the particular elements 504/508 that are shown. For instance, “first leg” 520 may be eliminated in favor of an extension ofliner sheet 506 that meets “second leg” 522. It will be appreciated that the embodiment ofFIG. 5 and any embodiments analogous thereto essentially differ fromFIGS. 2 a-2 b in that, in the case ofFIG. 5 and embodiments analogous thereto, connecting elements other than connecting liner sheet elements are used to interconnect a face sheet and a liner sheet, while a similar degree of structural integrity is still provided. It is of course conceivable to provide a hybrid arrangement wherein, at one end of a panel, an interconnection such as 504 or 508 (or one analogous thereto) is provided at one end of apanel 501 while at the other end ofpanel 501 an interconnection is provided such as contemplated in connection withFIGS. 2 a-2 b (i.e., involving connecting liner elements). - In brief recapitulation, there is broadly contemplated herein, in accordance with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, a product which utilizes the economies of roll-formed edges of foamed-in-place (or poured-in-place) thicker panels and the highly desirable extreme flatness and wide module of a thin composite to offer a wide module architectural panel at reasonable cost. The panel can be made with a reaction injection molding RIM process and a high-density core material. Post-fabrication, as can be appreciated from the discussion herein, will very likely be minimal.
- Among the technical advantages associated with at least one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention are the advantages gained by intricate geometry at panel ends configured for permitting adjacent panels to cooperate and essentially interlock towards forming a complete wall system. Interconnection with adjacent panels is possible in view of the tremendous strength gained from the provision of a strong structural core between roll-formed sheets separated a small distance. If a RIM process is utilized as discussed heretofore, even more significant advantages of strength, structural integrity and weathering performance are gained. These represent tremendous advantages as compared with conventional poured-in-place processes.
- If not otherwise stated herein, it may be assumed that all components and/or processes described heretofore may, if appropriate, be considered to be interchangeable with similar components and/or processes disclosed elsewhere in the specification, unless an express indication is made to the contrary.
- If not otherwise stated herein, any and all patents, patent publications, articles and other printed publications discussed or mentioned herein are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in their entirety herein.
- It should be appreciated that the apparatus and method of the present invention may be configured and conducted as appropriate for any context at hand. The embodiments described above are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (15)
1. A thin composite architectural panel comprising:
a structural core;
laminates disposed about said structural core;
a first portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel; and
a second portion for interfacing and facilitating interconnection with another thin composite architectural panel;
said first interfacing portion comprising a first extension portion adapted to be interposed between a wall and an extension portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly; and
said second interfacing portion comprising a second extension portion adapted to flank, with a wall, an extension portion of another thin composite architectural panel in a building wall assembly;
said first and second interfacing portions comprising at least one connecting structural element disposed between at least one terminal portion of said face sheet element and at least one terminal portion of said major liner sheet element.
2. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said panel comprises a major portion where said structural core and laminates have in sum an average thickness dimension of less than about 15 mm.
3. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said panel comprises a major portion where said structural core and laminates have in sum an average thickness dimension of less than about 10 mm.
4. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said laminates comprise metal sheet elements.
5. The panel according to claim 4 , wherein said metal sheet elements comprise:
a roll-formed face sheet element; and
a roll-formed major liner sheet element disposed primarily in spaced-apart relation with respect to said face sheet element.
6. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said laminates comprise:
a face sheet element; and
a major liner sheet element disposed primarily in spaced-apart relation with respect to said face sheet element.
7. The panel according to claim 6 , wherein said face sheet element terminates in a return edge adapted to define a side of a reveal.
8. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said first extension portion comprises a flange portion for being disposed against a wall.
9. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein a portion of said second connecting structural element is adapted to accommodate a fastening element for fastening said panel to a wall.
10. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein one said connecting structural element comprises said first extension portion.
11. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein one said connecting structural element comprises said second extension portion.
12. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein one said connecting structural element comprises said first extension portion.
13. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said structural core comprises one of: a foam structural core and a polymeric, thermal-set structural core.
14. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein said structural core has been introduced within said laminates via reaction injection molding.
15. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of said first and second connecting structural elements comprises an extruded element.
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- 2004-01-14 WO PCT/US2004/001061 patent/WO2004065715A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-01-14 CA CA002513299A patent/CA2513299A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-14 MX MXPA05007554A patent/MXPA05007554A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080141607A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Stoecker Gary L | Modular panel system and method |
US7661235B2 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2010-02-16 | Transamerican Strukturoc, Inc. | Modular panel system and method |
US20100180542A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2010-07-22 | Stoecker Gary L | Modular panel system and method |
US20110154765A1 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2011-06-30 | Laprise Daniel | Insulated wall |
US8327593B2 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2012-12-11 | Maisons Laprise Inc. | Insulated wall |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2513299A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
US20040134143A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
WO2004065715A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
MXPA05007554A (en) | 2006-09-05 |
US7007433B2 (en) | 2006-03-07 |
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