US20070036661A1 - Capacity modulated scroll compressor - Google Patents
Capacity modulated scroll compressor Download PDFInfo
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- US20070036661A1 US20070036661A1 US11/203,469 US20346905A US2007036661A1 US 20070036661 A1 US20070036661 A1 US 20070036661A1 US 20346905 A US20346905 A US 20346905A US 2007036661 A1 US2007036661 A1 US 2007036661A1
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- Prior art keywords
- scroll
- machine according
- seal
- ring
- scroll machine
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
- F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
- F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C27/005—Axial sealings for working fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
- F04C28/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
- F04C28/265—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels being obtained by displacing a lateral sealing face
Definitions
- compressor unloading and, thus, capacity modulation has been accomplished by cyclically effecting axial or radial separation of the two scroll members for predetermined periods of time during the operating cycle of the compressor.
- a biasing chamber is formed in or adjacent one of the two scroll members; and this biasing chamber is placed in communication with a source of compressed fluid in a pressure chamber or the discharge chamber of the compressor. The fluid in the biasing chamber is cyclically released to the suction area of the compressor to facilitate the unloading of the compressor.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical section view of a scroll-type compressor incorporating a capacity modulation system in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of the compressor of FIG. 1 showing the capacity modulation system shown in FIG. 1 :
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the compressor of FIG. 1 with portions of the outer shell broken away;
- Non-orbiting scroll member 66 has a centrally disposed discharge passageway communicating with an upwardly open recess 72 which is in fluid communication via an opening 74 in partition 18 with a discharge muffler chamber 76 defined by end cap 14 and partition 18 .
- a pressure relief valve is disposed between the discharge muffler chamber 76 and the interior of shell 12 . The pressure relief valve will open at a specified differential pressure between the discharge and suction pressures to vent pressurized gas from the discharge muffler chamber 76 .
- Non-orbiting scroll member 66 has in the upper surface thereof an annular recess 80 having parallel coaxial side walls in which is sealingly disposed for relative axial movement an annular floating seal 82 which serves to isolate the bottom of recess 80 from the presence of gas under suction and discharge pressure so that it can be placed in fluid communication with a source of intermediate fluid pressure by means of one or more passageways 84 .
- Non-orbiting scroll member 66 is thus axially biased against orbiting scroll member 50 by the forces created by discharge pressure acting on the central portion of non-orbiting scroll member 66 and those created by intermediate fluid pressure acting on the bottom of recess 80 .
- This axial pressure biasing, as well as various techniques for supporting non-orbiting scroll member 66 for limited axial movement, are disclosed in much greater detail in assignee's aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 4,877,328.
- Oldham coupling comprising a ring 86 having a first pair of keys 88 (one of which is shown) slidably disposed in diametrically opposed slots 90 (one of which is shown) in non-orbiting scroll member 66 and a second pair of keys (not shown) slidably disposed in diametrically opposed slots in orbiting scroll member 50 .
- valving ring 150 comprises a generally circular shaped main body 156 having a pair of holes 158 and 160 extending therethrough.
- a pair of T-shaped slots 162 are formed into the inside diameter of main body 156 .
- T-shaped slots 162 include an axial portion 164 and a circumferential portion 166 .
- T-shaped slots 162 each accept a pin (not shown) extending from an outer surface 168 of non-orbiting scroll member 66 .
- Axial portion 164 allows for the assembly of valving ring 150 over the pins and onto non-orbiting scroll member 66 .
- a solenoid coil assembly 268 is designed to be sealingly secured to valve body 236 and includes an elongated tubular member 270 having a threaded fitting 272 sealingly secured to the open end thereof. Threaded fitting 272 is adapted to be threadedly received within bore 246 and sealed thereto by means of an O-ring 274 .
- a plunger 276 is movably disposed within tubular member 270 and is biased outwardly therefrom by a spring 278 which bears against a closed end of tubular member 270 .
- a valve member 280 is provided on the outer end of plunger 276 and cooperates with a valve seat 282 to selectively close off passage 256 .
- a solenoid coil 284 is positioned on tubular member 270 and secured thereto by means of a nut threaded on the outer end of tubular member 270 .
- Non-orbiting scroll member 66 ′ defines a first axially extending passage 196 and a second axially extending passageway 198 .
- Axially extending passage 196 extends between an intermediate pressurized moving pocket defined by scroll wraps 54 and 64 and radial passage 192 .
- Axial extending passage 198 extends between an intermediate pressurized moving pocket defined by scroll wraps 54 and 64 and radial passage 194 .
- passages 196 and 198 will be oval in shape so as to maximize the size of the opening thereof without having a width greater than the width of wrap 54 of orbiting scroll member 50 .
- sensors 296 When the load conditions change to the point that the full capacity of compressor 10 is not required, sensors 296 will provide a signal indicate thereof to controller 298 which in turn will deenergize solenoid coil 284 of solenoid coil assembly 268 . Plunger 276 will then move outwardly from tubular member 270 under the biasing action of spring 278 thereby moving valve member 280 into sealing engagement with seat 282 thus closing off passage 256 and the flow of pressurized fluid therethrough. It is noted that recessed area 248 will be in continuous fluid communication with open recess 72 and hence continuously subject to discharge pressure. This discharge pressure will aid in biasing valve member 280 into fluid tight sealing engagement with valve seat 282 as well as retaining same in such relationship.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to capacity modulation of compressors. More particularly, the present invention relates to the capacity modulation of a scroll compressor by controlling the fluid pressure in a chamber where the fluid pressure in the chamber biases the two scrolls together.
- Capacity modulation is often a desirable feature to incorporate into the compressors of air conditioning and refrigeration systems in order to better accommodate the wide range of loading to which the systems may be subjected. Many different approaches have been utilized for providing this capacity modulation feature. These approaches have ranged from control of the suction inlet of the compressor to bypassing compressed discharge gas back into the suction pressure zone of the compressor. With a scroll-type compressor, capacity modulation has often been accomplished by using a delayed suction approach which comprises providing ports at various positions extending through one of the base plates which, when opened, allow the initially formed compression chambers between the intermeshing scroll wraps to communicate with the suction zone of the compressor. This delays the point at which the sealed compression chambers are formed and, thus, delays the start of compression of the suction gas. This method of capacity modulation has the effect of actually reducing the compression ratio of the compressor. While these delayed suction systems are effective at reducing the capacity of the compressor, they are only able to provide a predetermined amount of compressor unloading with the amount being determined by the position of the unloading ports along the end plate. While it is possible to provide multiple step unloading by incorporating a plurality of unloading ports at different locations, this approach becomes costly and it requires additional space to accommodate the separate controls for opening and closing each set of ports. Even when using multiple unloading ports, it is typically not possible to control the capacity of the compressor between 0% and 100% using this delayed suction technique.
- More recently, compressor unloading and, thus, capacity modulation has been accomplished by cyclically effecting axial or radial separation of the two scroll members for predetermined periods of time during the operating cycle of the compressor. In order to facilitate the axial unloading or axial separation of the two scroll members, a biasing chamber is formed in or adjacent one of the two scroll members; and this biasing chamber is placed in communication with a source of compressed fluid in a pressure chamber or the discharge chamber of the compressor. The fluid in the biasing chamber is cyclically released to the suction area of the compressor to facilitate the unloading of the compressor.
- The continued development of capacity modulated scroll compressors has been directed towards the simplification of the capacity modulation devices in order to lower the costs of the capacity modulated systems, as well as simplifying the overall manufacture, design and development of these capacity modulated systems without sacrificing performance and more preferably increasing the performance and/or reliability of the capacity modulation system.
- The present invention provides the art with a capacity modulated compressor which vents an existing intermediate pressurized chamber cyclically to suction to modulate the capacity of the compressor. The existing intermediate pressurized chamber is utilized in the compressor to bias the two scrolls together as well as to bias a floating seal into contact with a partition or the shell to seal a leakage passage between discharge pressure and the suction pressure zone of the compressor. A sealing system is incorporated into the scroll member defining the intermediate pressurized chamber. The sealing system incorporates a lip seal which improves both the performance and the reliability of the capacity modulation system.
- Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- In the drawings which illustrate the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the present invention:
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FIG. 1 is a vertical section view of a scroll-type compressor incorporating a capacity modulation system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of the compressor ofFIG. 1 showing the capacity modulation system shown inFIG. 1 : -
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the compressor shown inFIG. 1 with the top portion of the outer shell removed; -
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a portion of a modified valving ring; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the valving ring incorporated in the compressor ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary section view showing the scroll assembly forming a part of the compressor ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of the actuating assembly incorporated in the compressor ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the compressor ofFIG. 1 with portions of the outer shell broken away; -
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary section view of the compressor ofFIG. 1 showing the pressurized fluid supply passages provided in the non-orbiting scroll; -
FIG. 10 is an enlarged section view of the solenoid valve assembly incorporated in the compressor ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the sealing system shown inFIG. 1 with the by-pass port closed; -
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the sealing system shown inFIG. 1 with the by-pass port open; -
FIG. 13 is a fragmentary view of a compressor incorporating a capacity modulation system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary section view showing the scroll assembly forming a part of the compressor ofFIG. 13 . - The following description of the preferred embodiment(s) is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
- While the present invention is suitable for incorporation in many different types of scroll machines, including hermetic machines, open drive machines and non-hermetic machines, for exemplary purposes it will be described herein incorporated in a hermetic scroll refrigerant motor-
compressor 10 of the “low side” type (i.e., where the motor and compressor are cooled by suction gas in the hermetical shell, as illustrated in the vertical section shown inFIG. 1 ). Generally speaking,compressor 10 comprises a cylindricalhermetic shell 12 which includes at the upper end thereof anend cap 14.End cap 14 is provided with a refrigerant discharge fitting 16 optionally having the usual discharge valve therein. Other elements affixed to the shell include a transversely extendingpartition 18 which is welded about its periphery at the same point thatend cap 14 is welded toshell 12, a two-piece main bearing housing 20 which is affixed toshell 12 at a plurality of points in any desirable manner, and a suction gas inlet fitting 22 disposed in communication with the suction pressure zone ofcompressor 10 insideshell 12. - A
motor stator 24 is press fit into aframe 26 which is in turn press fit intoshell 12. Acrankshaft 28 having aneccentric crank pin 30 at the upper end thereof is rotatably journaled in abearing 32 in main bearing housing 20 and a second bearing 34 inframe 26.Crankshaft 28 has at the lower end the usual relatively large diameter oil-pumpingconcentric bore 36 which communicates with a radially outwardly inclinedsmaller diameter bore 38 extending upwardly therefrom to the top ofcrankshaft 28. The lower portion of theinterior shell 12 is filled with lubricating oil in the usual manner andconcentric bore 36 at the bottom ofcrankshaft 28 is the primary pump acting in conjunction withbore 38, which acts as a secondary pump, to pump lubricating fluid to all the various portions ofcompressor 10 which require lubrication. - Crankshaft 28 is rotatively driven by an electric
motor including stator 24 havingwindings 40 passing therethrough, and arotor 42 press fit oncrankshaft 28 and having one ormore counterweights 44. Amotor protector 46, of the usual type, is provided in close proximity tomotor windings 40 so that if the motor exceeds its normal temperaturerange motor protector 46 will de-energize the motor. - The upper surface of main bearing housing 20 is provided with an annular flat thrust bearing surface 48 on which is disposed an orbiting
scroll member 50 comprising anend plate 52 having the usual spiral vane orwrap 54 on the upper surface thereof, an annularflat thrust surface 56 on the lower surface, and projecting downwardly therefrom acylindrical hub 58 having a journal bearing 60 therein and in which is rotatively disposed a drive bushing 62 having an inner bore in whichcrank pin 30 is drivingly disposed.Crank pin 30 has a flat on one surface (not shown) which drivingly engages a flat surface in a portion of the inner bore of drive bushing 62 to provide a radially compliant driving arrangement, such as shown in assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 4,877,382, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. - Wrap 54 meshes with a non-orbiting spiral wrap 64 forming a part of a
non-orbiting scroll member 66 which is mounted to main bearing housing 20 in any desired manner which will provide limited axial movement ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66. The specific manner of such mounting is not relevant to the present inventions. For a more detailed description of the non-orbiting scroll suspension system, see assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 5,055,010, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. -
Non-orbiting scroll member 66 has a centrally disposed discharge passageway communicating with an upwardlyopen recess 72 which is in fluid communication via anopening 74 inpartition 18 with a discharge muffler chamber 76 defined byend cap 14 andpartition 18. A pressure relief valve is disposed between the discharge muffler chamber 76 and the interior ofshell 12. The pressure relief valve will open at a specified differential pressure between the discharge and suction pressures to vent pressurized gas from the discharge muffler chamber 76.Non-orbiting scroll member 66 has in the upper surface thereof anannular recess 80 having parallel coaxial side walls in which is sealingly disposed for relative axial movement an annular floatingseal 82 which serves to isolate the bottom ofrecess 80 from the presence of gas under suction and discharge pressure so that it can be placed in fluid communication with a source of intermediate fluid pressure by means of one ormore passageways 84. Non-orbitingscroll member 66 is thus axially biased against orbitingscroll member 50 by the forces created by discharge pressure acting on the central portion ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66 and those created by intermediate fluid pressure acting on the bottom ofrecess 80. This axial pressure biasing, as well as various techniques for supportingnon-orbiting scroll member 66 for limited axial movement, are disclosed in much greater detail in assignee's aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 4,877,328. - Relative rotation of the scroll members is prevented by the usual Oldham coupling comprising a
ring 86 having a first pair of keys 88 (one of which is shown) slidably disposed in diametrically opposed slots 90 (one of which is shown) innon-orbiting scroll member 66 and a second pair of keys (not shown) slidably disposed in diametrically opposed slots in orbitingscroll member 50. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 . Although the details of construction of floatingseal 82 are not part of the present invention, for exemplarypurposes floating seal 82 is of a coaxial sandwiched construction and comprises anannular base plate 100 having a plurality of equally spaced upstandingintegral projections 102. Disposed onplate 100 is anannular gasket 106 having a plurality of equally spaced holes which receiveprojections 102. On top ofgasket 106 is disposed anupper seal plate 110 having a plurality of equally spaced holes which receiveprojections 102.Seal plate 110 has disposed about the inner periphery thereof an upwardly projectingplanar sealing lip 116. The assembly is secured together by swaging the ends of each of theprojections 102, as indicated at 118. - The overall seal assembly therefore provides three distinct seals; namely, an inside diameter seal at 124, an outside diameter seal at 128 and a top seal at 130.
Seal 124 is between the inner periphery ofgasket 106 and the inside wall ofrecess 80.Seal 124 isolates fluid under intermediate pressure in the bottom ofrecess 80 from fluid under discharge pressure inopen recess 72.Seal 128 is between the outer periphery ofgasket 106 and the outer wall ofrecess 80, and isolates fluid under intermediate pressure in the bottom ofrecess 80 from fluid at suction pressure withinshell 12.Seal 130 is between sealinglip 116 and an annular wearring surrounding opening 74 inpartition 18, and isolates fluid at suction pressure from fluid at discharge pressure across the top of the seal assembly. The details of the construction of floatingseal 82 is similar to that described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,156,539, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. - The compressor is preferably the “low side” type in which suction gas entering gas inlet fitting 22 is allowed, in part, to escape into
shell 12 and assist in cooling the motor. So long as there is an adequate flow of returning suction gas the motor will remain within desired temperature limits. When this flow drops significantly, however, the loss of cooling will eventually causemotor protector 46 to trip and shut the machine down. - As thus far described,
scroll compressor 10 is typical of such scroll-type refrigeration compressors. In operation, suction gas directed to the lower chamber via suction gas inlet fitting 22 is drawn into the moving fluid pockets as orbitingscroll member 50 orbits with respect tonon-orbiting scroll member 66. As the moving fluid pockets move inwardly, this suction gas is compressed and subsequently discharged into discharge muffler chamber 76 via upwardlyopen recess 72 innon-orbiting scroll member 66 and discharge opening 74 inpartition 18. Compressed refrigerant is then supplied to the refrigeration system via discharge fitting 16. - In selecting a refrigeration compressor for a particular application, one would normally choose a compressor having sufficient capacity to provide adequate refrigerant flow for the most adverse operating conditions to be anticipated for that application and may select a slightly larger capacity to provide an extra margin of safety. However, such “worst case” adverse conditions are rarely encountered during actual operation and thus this excess capacity of the compressor results in operation of the compressor under lightly loaded conditions for a high percentage of its operating time. Such operation results in reducing overall operating efficiency of the system. Accordingly, in order to improve the overall operating efficiency under generally encountered operating conditions while still enabling the refrigeration compressor to accommodate the “worse case” operating conditions,
compressor 10 is provided with a capacity modulation system. The capacity modulation system allows the compressor to operate at the capacity required to meet the requirements of the system. - The capacity modulation system includes an
annular valving ring 150 movably mounted onnon-orbiting scroll member 66, anactuating assembly 152 supported withinshell 12 and acontrol system 154 for controlling operation of the actuating assembly. - As best seen with reference to
FIGS. 2 and 5 ,valving ring 150 comprises a generally circular shapedmain body 156 having a pair ofholes slots 162 are formed into the inside diameter ofmain body 156. T-shapedslots 162 include anaxial portion 164 and acircumferential portion 166. T-shapedslots 162 each accept a pin (not shown) extending from anouter surface 168 ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66.Axial portion 164 allows for the assembly ofvalving ring 150 over the pins and ontonon-orbiting scroll member 66.Circumferential portion 166 restrict the rotational movement ofvalving ring 150 with respect tonon-orbiting scroll member 66. Aflange 170 extend radially outward frommain body 156 to support apin 172 which is utilized to rotatevalving ring 150 with respect tonon-orbiting scroll member 66 as detailed below. -
Non-orbiting scroll member 66 also includes a pair of diametrically opposedradial passages outer surface 168 ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66.Passages non-orbiting scroll member 66. Oneaxially extending passage 84 places the inner end ofpassage 192 in fluid communication withannular recess 80 while anotheraxially extending passage 84 places the inner end ofpassage 194 in fluid communication withannular recess 80. - As best seen with reference to
FIG. 7 , actuatingassembly 152 includes a piston andcylinder assembly 200 and areturn spring assembly 202. Piston andcylinder assembly 200 includes ahousing 204 having a bore defining acylinder 206 extending inwardly from one end thereof and within which apiston 208 is movably disposed. Anouter end 210 ofpiston 208 projects axially outwardly from one end ofhousing 204 and includes an elongated or oval-shapedopening 212 therein adapted to receivepin 172 forming a part ofvalving ring 150. Elongated oroval opening 212 is designed to accommodate the arcuate movement ofpin 172 relative to the linear movement ofpiston end 210 during operation. A dependingportion 214 ofhousing 204 has secured thereto a suitably sized mountingflange 216 which is adapted to enablehousing 204 to be secured to asuitable flange member 218 bybolts 220.Flange 218 is in turn suitably supported withinouter shell 12 such as by main bearing housing 20. - A
passage 222 is provided in dependingportion 214 extending upwardly from the lower end thereof and opening into a laterally extendingpassage 224 which in turn opens into the inner end ofcylinder 206. A second laterally extendingpassage 226 provided in dependingportion 214 opens outwardly through the sidewall thereof and communicates at its inner end withpassage 222. A second relatively small laterally extendingpassage 228 extends fromfluid passage 222 in the opposite direction offluid passage 224 and opens outwardly through anend wall 230 ofhousing 204. - A
pin member 232 is provided upstanding fromhousing 204 to which is connected one end of areturn spring 234 the other end of which is connected to an extended portion ofpin 172.Return spring 234 will be of such a length and strength as to urgevalving ring 150 andpiston 208 into the position shown inFIG. 7 whencylinder 206 is fully vented viapassage 228. - As best seen with reference to
FIGS. 1, 8 and 10,control system 154 includes avalve body 236 having a radially outwardly extendingflange 238 including aconical surface 240 on one side thereof.Valve body 236 is inserted into anopening 242 inouter shell 12 and positioned withconical surface 240 abutting the peripheral edge ofopening 242 and then welded to shell 12 with acylindrical portion 244 projecting outwardly therefrom.Cylindrical portion 244 ofvalve body 236 includes an enlarged diameter threaded bore 246 extending axially inwardly and opening into a recessedarea 248. -
Valve body 236 includes ahousing 250 having afirst passage 252 extending downwardly from a substantially flatupper surface 254 and intersecting a second laterally extendingpassage 256 which opens outwardly into the area of opening 242 inshell 12. Athird passage 258 also extends downwardly fromsurface 254 and intersects a fourth laterally extendingpassage 260 which also opens outwardly into recessedarea 248 provided in the end portion ofvalve body 236. - A manifold 262 is sealingly secured to surface 254 by means of suitable fasteners and includes fittings for connection of one end of each of
fluid lines respective passages - A
solenoid coil assembly 268 is designed to be sealingly secured tovalve body 236 and includes anelongated tubular member 270 having a threaded fitting 272 sealingly secured to the open end thereof. Threaded fitting 272 is adapted to be threadedly received withinbore 246 and sealed thereto by means of an O-ring 274. Aplunger 276 is movably disposed withintubular member 270 and is biased outwardly therefrom by aspring 278 which bears against a closed end oftubular member 270. Avalve member 280 is provided on the outer end ofplunger 276 and cooperates with avalve seat 282 to selectively close offpassage 256. Asolenoid coil 284 is positioned ontubular member 270 and secured thereto by means of a nut threaded on the outer end oftubular member 270. - In order to supply pressurized fluid to actuating
assembly 152, anaxially extending passage 286 extends downwardly fromopen recess 72 and connects to a generally radially extendingpassage 288 innon-orbiting scroll member 66.Passage 288 extends radially and opens outwardly through the circumferential sidewall ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66 as best seen with reference toFIG. 11 . The other end offluid line 264 is sealingly connected tothird passage 258 whereby a supply of compressed fluid at discharge pressure may be supplied fromopen recess 72 tovalve body 236. A circumferentially elongatedslot 290 is provided invalving ring 150 suitably positioned so as to enablefluid line 264 to pass therethrough while accommodating the rotational movement ofvalving ring 150 with respect tonon-orbiting scroll member 66. - In order to supply pressurized fluid from
valve body 236 to actuating piston andcylinder assembly 200,fluid line 266 extends fromvalve body 236 and is connected topassage 226 provided in dependingportion 214 of housing 204 (FIG. 7 ). -
Valving ring 150 may be easily assembled tonon-orbiting scroll member 66 by merely aligningaxial portions 164 of T-shapedslots 162 with the respective pins extending fromouter surface 168 ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66. Thereafter valvingring 150 is rotated into the desired position withcircumferential portions 166 of T-shapedslots 162 cooperating with the respective pins extending fromouter surface 168 to control the rotation ofvalving ring 150 with respect tonon-orbiting scroll member 66. Thereafter,cylinder assembly 200 of actuatingassembly 152 may be positioned on mountingflange 218 withpiston end 210 receivingpin 172. One end ofspring 234 may then be connected to pinmember 232. Thereafter, the other end ofspring 234 may be connected to pin 172 thus completing the assembly process. - While
non-orbiting scroll member 66 is typically secured to main bearing housing 20 bysuitable bolts 292 prior to assembly ofvalving ring 150, it may in some cases be preferable to assemble this continuous capacity modulation component tonon-orbiting scroll member 66 prior to assembly ofnon-orbiting scroll member 66 to main bearing housing 20. This may be easily accomplished by merely providing a plurality of suitably positionedarcuate cutouts 294 along the periphery ofvalving ring 150 as shown inFIGS. 4 and 5 . These cutouts will afford access to securingbolts 292 withvalving ring 150 assembled tonon-orbiting scroll member 66. - In operation, when system operating conditions as sensed by one or
more sensors 296 indicate that full capacity ofcompressor 10 is required,control module 298 will operate in response to a signal fromsensors 296 to energizesolenoid coil 284 ofsolenoid coil assembly 268 thereby causingplunger 276 to be moved out of engagement withvalve seat 282 thereby placingpassages open recess 72 tocylinder 206 viapassages fluid line 264,passages fluid line 266 andpassages piston 208 to move outwardly with respect tocylinder 206 thereby rotatingvalving ring 150 so as to movemain body 156 into sealing overlying relationship topassages FIG. 11 . This will then prevent intermediate pressurized gas disposed withinrecess 80 from being exhausted or vented throughpassages Compressor 10 will then operate at its full capacity. - When the load conditions change to the point that the full capacity of
compressor 10 is not required,sensors 296 will provide a signal indicate thereof tocontroller 298 which in turn will deenergizesolenoid coil 284 ofsolenoid coil assembly 268.Plunger 276 will then move outwardly fromtubular member 270 under the biasing action ofspring 278 thereby movingvalve member 280 into sealing engagement withseat 282 thus closing offpassage 256 and the flow of pressurized fluid therethrough. It is noted that recessedarea 248 will be in continuous fluid communication withopen recess 72 and hence continuously subject to discharge pressure. This discharge pressure will aid in biasingvalve member 280 into fluid tight sealing engagement withvalve seat 282 as well as retaining same in such relationship. - The pressurized gas contained in
cylinder 206 will bleed back into the suction zone ofcompressor 10 viavent passage 228 thereby enablingspring 234 to rotatevalving ring 150 back to a position in whichpassages holes valving ring 150 as illustrated inFIG. 12 .Spring 234 will also movepiston 208 inwardly with respect tocylinder 206. In this position, the intermediate pressure withinannular recess 80 will be exhausted or vented throughpassages holes non-orbiting scroll member 66 into sealing engagement with orbitingscroll member 50 to create a leak between the discharge pressure zone and the suction pressure zone. This leak causes the capacity ofcompressor 10 to move to zero capacity. A spring urges floatingseal 82 upwards and maintains the sealing relationship attop seal 130. Thus, by controllingsolenoid coil assembly 268 in a pulsed width modulation mode, the capacity ofcompressor 10 can be set anywhere between zero capacity and full capacity. - It should be noted that the speed with which
valving ring 150 may be moved between the modulated position and the unmodulated position will be directly related to the relative size ofvent passage 228 and the supply lines. In other words, becausepassage 228 is continuously open to the suction pressure zone ofcompressor 10, whensolenoid coil 284 ofsolenoid coil assembly 268 is energized a portion of the pressurized fluid flowing fromopen recess 72 will be continuously vented to suction pressure. The volume of this fluid will be controlled by the relative sizing ofpassage 228. However, aspassage 228 is reduced in size, the time required to ventcylinder 206 will increase thus increasing the time required to switch from reduced capacity to full capacity. - While actuating
assembly 152 has been illustrated including piston andcylinder assembly 200 and returnspring assembly 202, it is within the scope of the present invention to utilize a solenoid valve assembly attached directly to pin 172 as actuatingassembly 152 and controlling the solenoid valve assembly using PWM (pulse width modulation) or by using direct control to effect the rotation ofvalving ring 150 if desired. - Efficient operation of the capacity modulation system of the present invention requires the proper sealing between
main body 156 ofvalving ring 150 andpassages non-orbiting scroll member 66. - As best illustrated in
FIGS. 11 and 12 ,non-orbiting scroll member 66 defines acounterbore 300 located at the outer end ofpassages counterbore 300 is anannular lip seal 302. When valvingring 150 is rotated such thatmain body 156 closespassages FIG. 11 ,lip seal 302 has acylindrical portion 304 having a first lip seal that seals againstcounterbore 300 andannular portion 306 that has a second lip seal that seals againstmain body 156 ofvalving ring 150.Lip seal 302 is a self-actuating seal. Intermediate pressurized fluid withinpassages cylindrical portion 304 oflip seal 302 into sealing engagement withcounterbore 300. Also, the intermediate pressurized fluid withinpassages annular portion 306 into sealing engagement withmain body 156 ofvalving ring 150. - As illustrated in
FIG. 12 , when valvingring 150 is rotated to a position where holes 158 and 160 are aligned withpassages passages annular recess 80 will be vented to the suction pressure zone ofcompressor 10. The diameter ofholes annular portion 306 oflip seal 302. Thus,annular portion 306 never completely loses contact withmain body 156 ofvalving ring 150.Main body 156 ofvalving ring 150 retainslip seal 302 withincounterbore 300 due to this continued contact. - Referring now to
FIGS. 13 and 14 , a capacity modulation system in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. The capacity modulation system described above has the capability to modulate the capacity ofcompressor 10 between zero capacity and full capacity. The capacity control system illustrated inFIGS. 13 and 14 has the ability to modulate the capacity ofcompressor 10 between full capacity and a selected reduced capacity. -
FIGS. 13 and 14 illustratenon-orbiting scroll member 66′ which is the same asnon-orbiting scroll member 66 except that the one ormore passageways 84 which extend from a source of intermediate fluid pressure to recess 80 are no longer in communication withradial passages recess 80 is continuously supplied with intermediate pressurized fluid frompassageway 84. -
Non-orbiting scroll member 66′ defines a firstaxially extending passage 196 and a secondaxially extending passageway 198.Axially extending passage 196 extends between an intermediate pressurized moving pocket defined by scroll wraps 54 and 64 andradial passage 192. Axial extendingpassage 198 extends between an intermediate pressurized moving pocket defined by scroll wraps 54 and 64 andradial passage 194. Preferablypassages wrap 54 of orbitingscroll member 50. - In operation, when system operating conditions as sensed by one or
more sensors 296 indicate that full capacity ofcompressor 10 is required,control module 298 will operate in response to a signal fromsensors 296 to energizesolenoid coil 284 ofsolenoid coil assembly 268 thereby causingplunger 276 to be moved out of engagement withvalve seat 282 thereby placingpassages open recess 72 tocylinder 206 viapassages fluid line 264,passages fluid line 266 andpassages piston 208 to move outwardly with respect tocylinder 206 thereby rotatingvalving ring 150 so as to movemain body 156 into sealing overlying relationship topassages FIG. 11 . This will then prevent intermediate pressurized gas disposed within the moving pockets defined by scroll wraps 54 and 64 from being exhausted or vented throughpassages Compressor 10 will then operate at its full capacity. - When the load conditions change to the point that the full capacity of
compressor 10 is not required,sensors 296 will provide a signal indicate thereof tocontroller 298 which in turn will deenergizesolenoid coil 284 ofsolenoid coil assembly 268.Plunger 276 will then move outwardly fromtubular member 270 under the biasing action ofspring 278 thereby movingvalve member 280 into sealing engagement withseat 282 thus closing offpassage 256 and the flow of pressurized fluid therethrough. It is noted that recessedarea 248 will be in continuous fluid communication withopen recess 72 and hence continuously subject to discharge pressure. This discharge pressure will aid in biasingvalve member 280 into fluid tight sealing engagement withvalve seat 282 as well as retaining same in such relationship. - The pressurized gas contained in
cylinder 206 will bleed back into the suction zone ofcompressor 10 viavent passage 228 thereby enablingspring 234 to rotatevalving ring 150 back to a position in whichpassages holes valving ring 150 as illustrated inFIG. 12 .Spring 234 will also movepiston 208 inwardly with respect tocylinder 206. In this position, the moving pockets defined by scroll wraps 54 and 64 will be exhausted or vented throughpassages holes compressor 10 by delaying the point at which compression begins by delaying the point at which the sealed chambers are formed. This has the effect of reducing the compression ratio of the compressor by a predetermined amount. The predetermined amount of the reduction of the compression ratio of the compressor can be controlled by the location ofaxial passages -
Passages - The description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and, thus, variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (35)
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/203,469 US20070036661A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Capacity modulated scroll compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/203,469 US20070036661A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Capacity modulated scroll compressor |
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US20070036661A1 true US20070036661A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
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US11/203,469 Abandoned US20070036661A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Capacity modulated scroll compressor |
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