US20070012233A1 - Incineration methods and apparatus for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds - Google Patents
Incineration methods and apparatus for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070012233A1 US20070012233A1 US11/444,536 US44453606A US2007012233A1 US 20070012233 A1 US20070012233 A1 US 20070012233A1 US 44453606 A US44453606 A US 44453606A US 2007012233 A1 US2007012233 A1 US 2007012233A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- incinerator
- destruction
- emissivity
- rating
- voc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
- F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to the incineration of industrial waste gases and, in one aspect, to methods and systems for the enhanced incineration of industrial waste gases containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- VOCs in the plant air system are typically collected and fed into a mixing chamber of a thermal oxidizer where they are mixed in a burner flame zone with sufficient natural gas to sustain combustion.
- the combustion chamber may also be provided with stream so as to prolong the residence time therewithin so as to achieve higher conversation rate.
- thermal oxidizers are typically classified as having a so-called “two-nine” or better destruction capability, meaning that at least 99.0% or greater of the VOCs are incinerated.
- the present invention is directed to methods and systems for enhanced destruction of industrial waste gases.
- the present invention is directed to methods and systems whereby a high emissivity coating is applied to at least portions of the vessel walls of a direct fired incinerator, such as a thermal oxidizer, in order to enhance its incineration efficiencies, particularly for the incineration of VOCs.
- a direct fired incinerator such as a thermal oxidizer
- FIGURE is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of an exemplary direct fired incinerator to incinerate VOC's in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGURE depicts schematically an exemplary direct fired incinerator 10 that may be employed to incinerate VOC's in accordance with the present invention.
- the incinerator 10 is provided with vessel walls 10 - 1 and a burner 10 - 2 which is supplied via line 10 - 3 with a combustible fuel (e.g., natural gas).
- the incinerator 10 is also supplied with VOCs to be incinerated via line 104 .
- the products of combustion namely carbon dioxide and water vapor, are removed from the incinerator 10 via flue 10 - 5 .
- a coating layer 12 formed of a high emissivity (high-E) coating material is applied to the interior walls of a heated process vessel so as to enhance its thermal characteristics.
- FIG. 1 schematically depicts the coating layer 12 is formed entirely on the inside of the incinerator walls 10 - 1 , it will be understood by those skilled in this art that the high-E coating material may be applied to one or both of the interior walls associated with the residence chamber or mixing/combustion chamber associated with a conventional thermal oxidizer.
- the high-E coating material therefore allows the incinerator 10 (e.g., a thermal oxidizer) to achieve a higher degree of conversion and a higher VOC destruction rate.
- the high-E coatings will have a higher surface temperature and a higher heat flux that will therefore result in more complete destruction of the VOCs.
- a thermal oxidizer having a conventional two-nine (i.e., 99.0%) VOC destruction rating may have its capabilities increased to at least a three-nine (i.e., 99.9%) VOC destruction rating by employing a coating layer 12 formed of a high-E coating material according to the present invention.
- industrial sites may improve substantially the VOC destruction capabilities without the significant added capitol costs associated with installation of thermal oxidizers having a greater initial VOC destruction rating.
- the emissivity (E) of a material is meant to refer to a unitless number measured on a scale between zero (total energy reflection) and 1.0 (a perfect “black body” capable of total energy absorption and re-radiation).
- a relatively high emissivity (high-E) is meant to refer to coating materials having an emissivity at 2000° F. of greater than about 0.70 to about 0.99, and usually between about 0.90 to about 0.99.
- any commercially available high-E coating material may be employed satisfactorily in the practice of the present invention.
- the CERAKTM ceramic coating materials commercially available from Cetek Ltd. of Berea, Ohio may be employed, with CERAKTM R371, R360 and R370 each having an emissivity of about 0.92 at 2000° F. being especially preferred.
- Coating thicknesses on the walls 10 - 1 of the incinerator 10 are not critical but will vary in dependence upon the desired resulting thermal flux and/or the particular material forming the coating. Thus, coating thicknesses of from about 1 to about 60 mils may be appropriate for a given process vessel application, with coating densities typically being greater than about 65%, more specifically 80% or greater.
- the high-E coating material may be applied to process vessel walls in any conventional manner during thermal oxidizer shutdown.
- the high-E coating material may be applied to the process vessel walls via any pressurized spray system while the process vessel is off-line (i.e., is not at its operational temperatures).
Abstract
Description
- This application is based on and claims domestic priority benefits under 35 USC §119(e) from, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/686,428 filed on Jun. 2, 2005, the entire content of which is expressly incorporated hereinto by reference.
- The present invention relates generally to the incineration of industrial waste gases and, in one aspect, to methods and systems for the enhanced incineration of industrial waste gases containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
- Air quality has increasingly become an issue of public concern. As a result of this public concern and governmental regulation, the scientific community has endeavored to reduce the amounts of environmentally toxic industrial waste materials. In this regard, a large part of air pollution is attributable to the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere. As a result, the reduction of the release of VOCs has become an increasingly important part of the overall strategy to improve air quality.
- The most common technique currently in use to control VOC emissions is to incinerate the VOCs in a thermal oxidizer. See in this regard, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,832,713, 5,527,984 and 6,450,800, the entire content of each being expressly incorporated hereinto by reference. In this regard, the VOCs in the plant air system are typically collected and fed into a mixing chamber of a thermal oxidizer where they are mixed in a burner flame zone with sufficient natural gas to sustain combustion. The combustion chamber may also be provided with stream so as to prolong the residence time therewithin so as to achieve higher conversation rate. Therefore, according to prior proposals in this art, a large combustion and residence chamber is typically required so as to incinerate the VOCs as well as the fuel thereby producing carbon dioxide and water vapor as the primary combustion products. The incineration of the VOCs in a thermal oxidizer is not, however, entirely complete. Thus, thermal oxidizers are typically classified as having a so-called “two-nine” or better destruction capability, meaning that at least 99.0% or greater of the VOCs are incinerated.
- While conventional thermal oxidizers do in fact destroy very substantial amounts of VOCs, there is a constant need to improve the efficiencies of such incineration so as to drive the amount of VOCs that are destroyed even higher than conventionally available. It is towards fulfilling such a need that the present invention is directed.
- Broadly, the present invention is directed to methods and systems for enhanced destruction of industrial waste gases. In especially preferred embodiments, the present invention is directed to methods and systems whereby a high emissivity coating is applied to at least portions of the vessel walls of a direct fired incinerator, such as a thermal oxidizer, in order to enhance its incineration efficiencies, particularly for the incineration of VOCs.
- These and other aspects and advantages will become more apparent after careful consideration is given to the following detailed description of the preferred exemplary embodiments thereof.
- Reference will hereinafter be made to the accompanying drawing FIGURE which is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of an exemplary direct fired incinerator to incinerate VOC's in accordance with the present invention.
- The accompanying FIGURE depicts schematically an exemplary direct fired
incinerator 10 that may be employed to incinerate VOC's in accordance with the present invention. In this regard, theincinerator 10 is provided with vessel walls 10-1 and a burner 10-2 which is supplied via line 10-3 with a combustible fuel (e.g., natural gas). Theincinerator 10 is also supplied with VOCs to be incinerated via line 104. The products of combustion, namely carbon dioxide and water vapor, are removed from theincinerator 10 via flue 10-5. - According to the present invention, a
coating layer 12 formed of a high emissivity (high-E) coating material is applied to the interior walls of a heated process vessel so as to enhance its thermal characteristics. Although accompanyingFIG. 1 schematically depicts thecoating layer 12 is formed entirely on the inside of the incinerator walls 10-1, it will be understood by those skilled in this art that the high-E coating material may be applied to one or both of the interior walls associated with the residence chamber or mixing/combustion chamber associated with a conventional thermal oxidizer. The high-E coating material therefore allows the incinerator 10 (e.g., a thermal oxidizer) to achieve a higher degree of conversion and a higher VOC destruction rate. Specifically, the high-E coatings will have a higher surface temperature and a higher heat flux that will therefore result in more complete destruction of the VOCs. - By way of example, a thermal oxidizer having a conventional two-nine (i.e., 99.0%) VOC destruction rating may have its capabilities increased to at least a three-nine (i.e., 99.9%) VOC destruction rating by employing a
coating layer 12 formed of a high-E coating material according to the present invention. As a result, by use of the present invention, industrial sites may improve substantially the VOC destruction capabilities without the significant added capitol costs associated with installation of thermal oxidizers having a greater initial VOC destruction rating. - As used herein, the emissivity (E) of a material is meant to refer to a unitless number measured on a scale between zero (total energy reflection) and 1.0 (a perfect “black body” capable of total energy absorption and re-radiation). According to the present invention, a relatively high emissivity (high-E) is meant to refer to coating materials having an emissivity at 2000° F. of greater than about 0.70 to about 0.99, and usually between about 0.90 to about 0.99.
- Virtually any commercially available high-E coating material may be employed satisfactorily in the practice of the present invention. For example, the CERAK™ ceramic coating materials commercially available from Cetek Ltd. of Berea, Ohio may be employed, with CERAK™ R371, R360 and R370 each having an emissivity of about 0.92 at 2000° F. being especially preferred.
- Coating thicknesses on the walls 10-1 of the
incinerator 10 are not critical but will vary in dependence upon the desired resulting thermal flux and/or the particular material forming the coating. Thus, coating thicknesses of from about 1 to about 60 mils may be appropriate for a given process vessel application, with coating densities typically being greater than about 65%, more specifically 80% or greater. - The high-E coating material may be applied to process vessel walls in any conventional manner during thermal oxidizer shutdown. The high-E coating material may be applied to the process vessel walls via any pressurized spray system while the process vessel is off-line (i.e., is not at its operational temperatures).
- While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/444,536 US20070012233A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-06-01 | Incineration methods and apparatus for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US68642805P | 2005-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | |
US11/444,536 US20070012233A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-06-01 | Incineration methods and apparatus for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/010002 A-371-Of-International WO2008046433A1 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | A ring shaped valve piston and its use in a blow moulding machine |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/102,399 Division US8202080B2 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2011-05-06 | Stackable valve system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20070012233A1 true US20070012233A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
Family
ID=36699218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/444,536 Abandoned US20070012233A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-06-01 | Incineration methods and apparatus for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070012233A1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR053511A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006129063A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070238058A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-10-11 | Fosbel Intellectual Limited | Longevity and performance improvements to flare tips |
US20110212010A1 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-09-01 | Despatch Industries Limited Partnership | Apparatus and Method for Thermal Destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds |
US8779208B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-07-15 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds from the ketonization of carboxylic acids |
US10391470B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2019-08-27 | Abs Materials, Inc. | Sol-gel derived compositions |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007091011A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-16 | Fosbel Intellectual Limited | Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same |
CN106442856A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-02-22 | 福建农林大学 | Staying room device for simulating biomass burning in field |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3195608A (en) * | 1963-04-08 | 1965-07-20 | Coen Co | Volatile waste incinerator |
US3933420A (en) * | 1974-08-19 | 1976-01-20 | Zink John S | Vertically fired burner for waste combustible gases |
US4828481A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-05-09 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process and apparatus for high temperature combustion |
US5527984A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1996-06-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Waste gas incineration |
US5832713A (en) * | 1995-10-03 | 1998-11-10 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Method and apparatus for the destruction of volatile organic compounds |
US6007873A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1999-12-28 | Equity Enterprises | High emissivity coating composition and method of use |
US6152050A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 2000-11-28 | Pyrogenesis Inc. | Lightweight compact waste treatment furnace |
US6183707B1 (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 2001-02-06 | Biothermica International Inc. | Incineration of waste gases containing contaminant aerosols |
US6450800B1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2002-09-17 | Megtec Systems Inc. | Regenerative thermal oxidizer incorporating a venturi style burner |
US6666911B2 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-12-23 | Zhong Huan Environment Advisor Corp. | Treatment system for waste gas containing volatile organic compounds |
-
2006
- 2006-05-22 WO PCT/GB2006/001900 patent/WO2006129063A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-06-01 US US11/444,536 patent/US20070012233A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-06-01 AR ARP060102282A patent/AR053511A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3195608A (en) * | 1963-04-08 | 1965-07-20 | Coen Co | Volatile waste incinerator |
US3933420A (en) * | 1974-08-19 | 1976-01-20 | Zink John S | Vertically fired burner for waste combustible gases |
US4828481A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-05-09 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process and apparatus for high temperature combustion |
US6183707B1 (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 2001-02-06 | Biothermica International Inc. | Incineration of waste gases containing contaminant aerosols |
US5527984A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1996-06-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Waste gas incineration |
US5832713A (en) * | 1995-10-03 | 1998-11-10 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Method and apparatus for the destruction of volatile organic compounds |
US6152050A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 2000-11-28 | Pyrogenesis Inc. | Lightweight compact waste treatment furnace |
US6007873A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1999-12-28 | Equity Enterprises | High emissivity coating composition and method of use |
US6450800B1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2002-09-17 | Megtec Systems Inc. | Regenerative thermal oxidizer incorporating a venturi style burner |
US6666911B2 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-12-23 | Zhong Huan Environment Advisor Corp. | Treatment system for waste gas containing volatile organic compounds |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10391470B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2019-08-27 | Abs Materials, Inc. | Sol-gel derived compositions |
US20070238058A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-10-11 | Fosbel Intellectual Limited | Longevity and performance improvements to flare tips |
US20110212010A1 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-09-01 | Despatch Industries Limited Partnership | Apparatus and Method for Thermal Destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds |
US8779208B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-07-15 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds from the ketonization of carboxylic acids |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR053511A1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
WO2006129063A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FOSBEL INTELLECTUAL LIMITED, ENGLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ZHU, NAIPING;KARAMBIS, LOUIS A.;REEL/FRAME:018363/0129;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060908 TO 20060910 |
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Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT, CO Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FOSBEL INTELLECTUAL LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:020478/0966 Effective date: 20080207 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FOSBEL, INC., OHIO Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:029216/0096 Effective date: 20121026 Owner name: FOSBEL INTELLECTUAL LIMITED, OHIO Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:029216/0096 Effective date: 20121026 |