US20060266267A1 - Integrated air foil and diamond flow vane - Google Patents

Integrated air foil and diamond flow vane Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060266267A1
US20060266267A1 US11/135,771 US13577105A US2006266267A1 US 20060266267 A1 US20060266267 A1 US 20060266267A1 US 13577105 A US13577105 A US 13577105A US 2006266267 A1 US2006266267 A1 US 2006266267A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
foils
ducts
diamond
arrangement
tear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US11/135,771
Inventor
Melvin Albrecht
Steven Burge
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Babcock and Wilcox Co
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Babcock and Wilcox Co
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Priority to US11/135,771 priority Critical patent/US20060266267A1/en
Assigned to THE BABCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY reassignment THE BABCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALBRECHT, MELVIN J., BURGE, STEVEN W.
Assigned to CREDIT SUISSE, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment CREDIT SUISSE, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AGENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: THE BABCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY
Publication of US20060266267A1 publication Critical patent/US20060266267A1/en
Assigned to BABCOCK & WILCOX CHINA HOLDINGS, INC., BABCOCK & WILCOX DENMARK HOLDINGS, INC., BABCOCK & WILCOX EBENSBURG POWER, INC., BABCOCK & WILCOX INTERNATIONAL SALES AND SERVICE CORPORATION, BABCOCK & WILCOX INTERNATIONAL, INC., NATIONAL ECOLOGY COMPANY, POWER SYSTEMS OPERATIONS, INC., REVLOC RECLAMATION SERVICE, INC., DIAMOND POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC., DIAMOND POWER AUSTRALIA HOLDINGS, INC., DIAMOND POWER CHINA HOLDINGS, INC., DIAMOND POWER EQUITY INVESTMENTS, INC., THE BABCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY, B & W SERVICE COMPANY, NORTH COUNTY RECYCLING, INC., AMERICON EQUIPMENT SERVICES, INC., AMERICON, INC., BABCOCK & WILCOX CONSTRUCTION CO., INC., BABCOCK & WILCOX EQUITY INVESTMENTS, INC., PALM BEACH RESOURCE RECOVERY CORPORATION, APPLIED SYNERGISTICS, INC., DIAMOND OPERATING CO., INC. reassignment BABCOCK & WILCOX CHINA HOLDINGS, INC. RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/003—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in flue gas ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/13023—Ducts with non-circular cross-section

Definitions

  • the present invention is generally drawn to devices for distributing and mixing particle or injected gas laden air in ducts and more particularly to such devices as used in the ducts of power generating stations which may contain ammonia for NOx reduction.
  • FIG. 1 It is known to use air foils for distributing and mixing air streams in secondary air supply ducts and selective catalyst reduction (SCR) system flues ( 10 ), as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the usual arrangement comprises a plurality of whole foils ( 12 ) in the center of the flue and half foils ( 14 ) at the walls ( 16 ) of the flue ( 10 ).
  • FIG. 2 Another example of prior art air foil design is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • This is the air foil configuration for distributing and mixing economizer bypass flue gas used in the Kansas City Power & Light, Hawthorn Station in their SCR flue system.
  • This system uses the basic FIG. 1 system but has plates ( 18 ) added.
  • contoured lines in the above and the remaining figures which will be described later represent the airflow distribution in the duct ( 10 ).
  • air foils ( 12 ) have been used extensively for flow measurement and control. It is also known to use Diamond shaped flow devices for flow control with low pressure drop. For example, many commercially available dampers contain diamond shaped blades. Such devices achieve good flow control with minimal pressure group.
  • Ammonia injection grids with zone control are known and have been installed to distribute a prescribed rate of ammonia for NOx reducing SCR systems.
  • Static mixers are commercially available in several forms and have been proposed to reduce thermal and/or flue gas species gradients by adding turbulent mixing in SCR flue systems. Koch and Chemineer are manufacturers that produce some such commercially available static mixers.
  • Design requirements for secondary flues and SCR systems include the specification of flow distribution and thermal gradients downstream of the mixing device(s).
  • the objectives are to achieve flow uniformly and minimize thermal gradients.
  • mixing and flow uniformity at the ammonia injection grid should be sufficient such that catalyst performance and life is maintained.
  • devices such as those listed in the prior art have been utilized. While it is also desirable to minimize the unrecoverable pressure loss to the system, space restrictions limit the installation of an air foil for gas mixing and a separate AIG for ammonia distribution in an SCR system. Thus a uniform distribution system for such applications was needed which would also minimize the pressure loss therein.
  • the present invention solves the problems associated with prior art devices as well as others by combining the best features of the prior art mixing foils and diamond shaped flow device to yield an integrated device that provides an improved system design.
  • the present invention is unique because it combines air foils and diamond vanes to produce a device that provides a uniform flow distribution with minimal pressure drop. As noted, both air foils and diamond vanes have been used separately to accomplish flow control, however, these systems have not been used together in a manner proposed in the present invention.
  • plates or baffles are added to both the mixing foils and the diamond shaped devices to produce a uniform flow and low pressure drop device especially adapted for flue gas applications.
  • one aspect of the present invention is to provide mounted device for improved uniformity of flow distribution.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a duct mounted device for reduced pressure drop in the duct.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a flue duct mounted device for improving flow distribution and lowering the pressure drop therein.
  • FIG. 1 is a prior art foil arrangement for ducts.
  • FIG. 2 is a prior art foil and plate or baffle arrangement for flue ducts.
  • FIG. 3 is a foil and diamond arrangement of the present invention for ducts.
  • FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the present invention using a foil and diamond arrangement with divider plates.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the foil and diamond arrangement seen in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a rear view of the foil and diamond arrangement of FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the foil and diamond arrangement seen in FIG. 5 .
  • FIGS. 3 and 5 - 7 an improved flow system duct arrangement is shown which integrates the air foils ( 12 ) with diamond shaped flow vanes ( 20 ). Flow uniformly downstream of the foil throats is achieved with the arrangement.
  • a comparison of the distributors with and without the diamonds ( 20 ) clearly demonstrates the improved flow distribution with the diamonds ( 20 ).
  • the aerodynamic shapes of the diamonds ( 20 ) and airfoils ( 12 ) are also advantageous to the design objective of minimizing system unrecoverable pressure loss.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative arrangement to the invention is shown in FIG. 4 wherein plates or baffles ( 18 ) are mounted to both the foils ( 12 ) and the diamonds ( 20 ).
  • the baffles ( 18 ) from the diamonds ( 20 extend across the space of the foils ( 12 ). This arrangement promotes flow uniformity between the foils ( 12 ).
  • the duct ( 16 ) is rectangular and the foils ( 12 ) and diamonds ( 20 ). Both extend from the top to the bottom of the duct ( 16 ).
  • the foils ( 12 ) are tear-shaped having a rounded end ( 19 ) and a sharp end ( 21 ).
  • the baffles or plates ( 18 ), when they are used, also extend from the top to the bottom of the duct starting at imaginary lines ( 22 , 24 ) of the rounded end ( 19 ) of the foils ( 12 ) and leading edges ( 23 ) of the diamonds ( 20 ) respectively.
  • the plates ( 18 ) are shown in dotted lines at FIG. 5 as alternate embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)

Abstract

A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts such as rectangular flue ducts wherein a series of tear shaped foils are spacedly mounted in the duct extending from top to bottom thereof and where a series of diamond shaped vanes also extending from the top to the bottom of the duct are spacedly mounted between the tear shaped foils to provide a more uniform flow distribution and to lower the pressure thereby. A series of baffles extending from both the tear shaped foils and the diamond shaped vanes may also be used.

Description

    FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
  • The present invention is generally drawn to devices for distributing and mixing particle or injected gas laden air in ducts and more particularly to such devices as used in the ducts of power generating stations which may contain ammonia for NOx reduction.
  • It is known to use air foils for distributing and mixing air streams in secondary air supply ducts and selective catalyst reduction (SCR) system flues (10), as shown in FIG. 1. The usual arrangement comprises a plurality of whole foils (12) in the center of the flue and half foils (14) at the walls (16) of the flue (10). Another example of prior art air foil design is shown in FIG. 2. This is the air foil configuration for distributing and mixing economizer bypass flue gas used in the Kansas City Power & Light, Hawthorn Station in their SCR flue system. This system uses the basic FIG. 1 system but has plates (18) added. The contoured lines in the above and the remaining figures which will be described later represent the airflow distribution in the duct (10). In addition, air foils (12) have been used extensively for flow measurement and control. It is also known to use Diamond shaped flow devices for flow control with low pressure drop. For example, many commercially available dampers contain diamond shaped blades. Such devices achieve good flow control with minimal pressure group.
  • The disadvantage of the above described prior art arrangements are added pressure loss, potential mixing of ammonia when added, and the requirement of a larger flue to accommodate the system components.
  • Ammonia injection grids (AIG) with zone control are known and have been installed to distribute a prescribed rate of ammonia for NOx reducing SCR systems. Static mixers are commercially available in several forms and have been proposed to reduce thermal and/or flue gas species gradients by adding turbulent mixing in SCR flue systems. Koch and Chemineer are manufacturers that produce some such commercially available static mixers.
  • Design requirements for secondary flues and SCR systems include the specification of flow distribution and thermal gradients downstream of the mixing device(s). The objectives are to achieve flow uniformly and minimize thermal gradients. For example, in an SCR system mixing and flow uniformity at the ammonia injection grid should be sufficient such that catalyst performance and life is maintained. To accomplish these goals, devices such as those listed in the prior art have been utilized. While it is also desirable to minimize the unrecoverable pressure loss to the system, space restrictions limit the installation of an air foil for gas mixing and a separate AIG for ammonia distribution in an SCR system. Thus a uniform distribution system for such applications was needed which would also minimize the pressure loss therein.
    • SUMMARY OF INVENTION
  • The present invention solves the problems associated with prior art devices as well as others by combining the best features of the prior art mixing foils and diamond shaped flow device to yield an integrated device that provides an improved system design. The present invention is unique because it combines air foils and diamond vanes to produce a device that provides a uniform flow distribution with minimal pressure drop. As noted, both air foils and diamond vanes have been used separately to accomplish flow control, however, these systems have not been used together in a manner proposed in the present invention.
  • In another embodiment of the present invention, plates or baffles are added to both the mixing foils and the diamond shaped devices to produce a uniform flow and low pressure drop device especially adapted for flue gas applications.
  • In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that one aspect of the present invention is to provide mounted device for improved uniformity of flow distribution.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a duct mounted device for reduced pressure drop in the duct.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a flue duct mounted device for improving flow distribution and lowering the pressure drop therein.
  • These and other aspects of the present invention will be more fully understood upon a review of the following description of the preferred embodiment when considered in conjunction with the drawings.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • In the drawings:
  • FIG. 1 is a prior art foil arrangement for ducts.
  • FIG. 2 is a prior art foil and plate or baffle arrangement for flue ducts.
  • FIG. 3 is a foil and diamond arrangement of the present invention for ducts.
  • FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the present invention using a foil and diamond arrangement with divider plates.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the foil and diamond arrangement seen in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a rear view of the foil and diamond arrangement of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the foil and diamond arrangement seen in FIG. 5.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Referring to the drawings and more particularly to FIGS. 3 and 5-7, an improved flow system duct arrangement is shown which integrates the air foils (12) with diamond shaped flow vanes (20). Flow uniformly downstream of the foil throats is achieved with the arrangement. A comparison of the distributors with and without the diamonds (20) (FIGS. 1, 2, vs. FIG. 3) clearly demonstrates the improved flow distribution with the diamonds (20). The aerodynamic shapes of the diamonds (20) and airfoils (12) are also advantageous to the design objective of minimizing system unrecoverable pressure loss. The advantage exists whether or not the foils (12) will be used or particle injection for reducing NOx due to their aerodynamic shape which is exposed to the gas stream. Thermal gradients are also minimized by distributing the flue gas for temperature control over the cross section of the flue.
  • For SCR applications with ammonia injection between the foils (12), mixing of ammonia with the flue gas is improved because of the flow uniformity provided with the additional use of the diamond vanes (20).
  • An alternative arrangement to the invention is shown in FIG. 4 wherein plates or baffles (18) are mounted to both the foils (12) and the diamonds (20). The baffles (18) from the diamonds (20 extend across the space of the foils (12). This arrangement promotes flow uniformity between the foils (12).
  • As seen from FIGS. 5-7, the duct (16) is rectangular and the foils (12) and diamonds (20). Both extend from the top to the bottom of the duct (16). The foils (12) are tear-shaped having a rounded end (19) and a sharp end (21). The baffles or plates (18), when they are used, also extend from the top to the bottom of the duct starting at imaginary lines (22, 24) of the rounded end (19) of the foils (12) and leading edges (23) of the diamonds (20) respectively. The plates (18) are shown in dotted lines at FIG. 5 as alternate embodiments.
  • Certain modifications and additions will occur to those skilled in the art area upon reading this disclosure. It will be understood that all such were deleted herein for the sake of conciseness and readability but are intended to all with the scope of the following claims.

Claims (7)

1. A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts having fluid flow therein comprising:
a series of tear-shaped foils spacedly extending across the duct; and
a series of diamond shaped vanes shapedly extending between said series of tear-shaped foils.
2. A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts as set forth in claim 1 including a series of baffles extending from said tear shaped foils and from said diamond shaped vanes.
3. A flow enhancing and arrangement for ducts as set forth in claim 2 wherein said tear-shaped foils have a rounded end and a sharp end and wherein said baffles extend from said rounded end of said foils.
4. A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts as set forth in claim 1 wherein said diamond shaped vanes have sharp front and back ends and said baffles extend from said front end.
5. A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts as set forth in claim 1 wherein said tear-shaped foils have a rounded end and a sharp end and wherein said baffles extend from said rounded end of said foils.
6. A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts as set forth in claim 5 wherein said diamond shaped vanes have sharp front and back ends.
7. A flow enhancing arrangement for ducts as set forth in claim 5 wherein the duct is a rectangular flue duct.
US11/135,771 2005-05-24 2005-05-24 Integrated air foil and diamond flow vane Abandoned US20060266267A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110188338A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Albrecht Melvin J Stepped down gas mixing device
US20120322356A1 (en) * 2010-02-15 2012-12-20 Koken Ltd. Local clean zone forming apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586997A (en) * 1947-05-26 1952-02-26 Barber Colman Co Damper
US2974680A (en) * 1959-02-05 1961-03-14 Buensod Stacey Corp Valve
US6254475B1 (en) * 1997-01-29 2001-07-03 Valeo Climatisation Multi-vane register, especially for a motor vehicle air conditioning system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586997A (en) * 1947-05-26 1952-02-26 Barber Colman Co Damper
US2974680A (en) * 1959-02-05 1961-03-14 Buensod Stacey Corp Valve
US6254475B1 (en) * 1997-01-29 2001-07-03 Valeo Climatisation Multi-vane register, especially for a motor vehicle air conditioning system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110188338A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Albrecht Melvin J Stepped down gas mixing device
EP2353704A2 (en) 2010-02-03 2011-08-10 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Stepped down gas device
US8317390B2 (en) * 2010-02-03 2012-11-27 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Stepped down gas mixing device
US20120322356A1 (en) * 2010-02-15 2012-12-20 Koken Ltd. Local clean zone forming apparatus
US9791161B2 (en) * 2010-02-15 2017-10-17 Koken Ltd. Local clean zone forming apparatus

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