US20060254777A1 - Vapor recovery system - Google Patents
Vapor recovery system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060254777A1 US20060254777A1 US11/126,901 US12690105A US2006254777A1 US 20060254777 A1 US20060254777 A1 US 20060254777A1 US 12690105 A US12690105 A US 12690105A US 2006254777 A1 US2006254777 A1 US 2006254777A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- holding tank
- compressor
- engine
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
Abstract
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention relates generally to vapor recovery and more specifically, vapor recovery in oil and gas well production equipment.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- In typical oil and gas well production operations, oil moves from wells through a system of high pressure lines to a holding tank where it is then transferred to a refinery to be used in other applications, for example to power combustion engines. The gas produced in this operation moves through the high-pressure lines, is separated from the oil and then is directed into a sales line where it is distributed to natural gas customers. In separating the oil and gas through this high pressure system, often a small amount of the gas is moved into the holding tank instead of the sales line. Additionally, gas can be produced in the holding tank due to evaporation in the tank. While it is necessary to have some gas in the holding tank to prevent a fire due to the presence of air, too much gas in the holding tank is a problem due to the potential for the tank to rupture.
- Currently, when there is too much gas in the holding tank, the gas is released into the atmosphere through a release valve on the top of the tank. For many years the release of this gas into the atmosphere did not appear to be a problem. However, in recent years concerns over air quality and ozone depletion have pressured the industry to make a change to the method of release. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set mandatory guidelines for the amount of gas that can be released from the holding tank into the atmosphere. Other than burning the gas, there is currently no technology on the market for reducing the amount of gas released from the holding tank into the atmosphere. This is wasteful, because the released gas could be sold to produce useful energy.
- Therefore, it is the object and feature of the invention to provide a method and apparatus for reducing the amount of gas being released into the atmosphere from the holding tank during operation of oil and gas well production.
- The invention is a vapor recovery apparatus used in oil and gas well production that is used in combination with a liquid separator, a sales line and a holding tank. The vapor recovery apparatus is preferably located between the holding tank and the liquid separator during operation. The vapor recovery apparatus includes a compressor, which is drivingly linked to an engine. A first conduit extends from fluid communication with the holding tank to a compressor inlet, while a second conduit extends from a compressor outlet to fluid communication with the sales line. The vapor recovery apparatus also has an electronic controller that is connected to the engine and to a pressure sensor, which is in fluid communication with the gas in the holding tank.
- In operation, the pressure sensor senses when the gas pressure in the holding tank reaches a predetermined level and signals the engine to start. The gas is drawn from the holding tank through a conduit and into the compressor. The gas is compressed by the compressor and forced from the outlet of the compressor through a second conduit and into the sales line. The vapor recovery apparatus thus recovers gas, which is then sold to consumers, that would otherwise be wastefully released into the atmosphere.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating the preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the preferred steps of the embodiment ofFIG. 1 . - In describing the preferred embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, it is not intended that the invention is limited to the specific term so selected and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents, which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose. For example, the word connected or term similar thereto is often used. They are not limited to direct connection, but include connection through other elements where such connection is recognized as being equivalent by those skilled in the art.
- The invention is a
vapor recovery apparatus 10 that is used in combination with conventional oil and gas well production equipment, as illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 . In such an operation, the oil and gas is drawn from the wells throughtubes 18 and pushed into aliquid separator 12. Theliquid separator 12 separates the oil from the gas, moving the gas through asales line 14, which is a pipe connected to natural gas companies' distribution networks. The oil is pushed by the gas through anotherpipe 20 into theholding tank 16, where it is stored until the holding tank is full and ready to be distributed for sale.Conventional holding tanks 16 have ENARDObrand valve 17 located on the top of theholding tank 16 for releasing gas pressure that builds up in thetank 16. Thevalve 17 is a safety release valve to protect the holding tank from retaining too much gas pressure inside and thereby causing the holding tank to fracture. - The
vapor recovery apparatus 10, as illustrated inFIG. 1 , is preferably interposed between theholding tank 16 and thesales line 14 during operation. This location enables the vapor recovery apparatus to maintain fluid communication with theholding tank 16 and thesales line 14. A person having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that thevapor recovery apparatus 10 can be positioned in a variety of places so long as fluid communication with theholding tank 16 and thesales line 14 is maintained. - As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , thevapor recovery apparatus 10 includes acompressor 30, which is releasably drivingly linked to anengine 22. Theengine 22 is preferably fueled by natural gas. However, any type of prime mover can be used, such as an internal combustion gasoline engine or an electric motor. Thecompressor 30 can be directly linked to theengine 22 with a drive shaft and a conventional clutch, but the link is preferably a belt and pulley means of releasably linking theengine 22 to thecompressor 30. Any other means is possible, as will be recognized by a person having ordinary skill. - A
first conduit 32 extends from fluid communication with theholding tank 16 to thecompressor inlet 33. Theconduit 32 is preferably a circular, cylindrical pipe that extends preferably from the top of theholding tank 16 to thecompressor inlet 33. However, theconduit 32 can extend from a variety of locations on theholding tank 16 and have a variety of cylindrical cross-sectional shapes. Asecond conduit 34 extends from thecompressor outlet 35 to fluid communication with thesales line 14. Thesecond conduit 34 is also preferably a circular, cylindrical pipe for transporting gas, but other cross-sectional shapes are available for use with the apparatus. As a person having ordinary skill will recognize, the connection location of theconduit 34 to thesales line 14 may vary depending upon the size and arrangement of the operation. The connection location illustrated inFIG. 1 is only one example of this connection location. In addition, thecompressor inlet 33 andoutlet 35 can be in a variety of locations on the compressor; the location disclosed is only one example. Still further, the person of ordinary skill will recognize that other structures, such as check valves and other safety equipment, may become necessary. - The
vapor recovery apparatus 10 also has anelectronic controller 24 that is electronically connected to theengine 22 and to apressure sensor 26, which is in fluid communication with the gas in theholding tank 16. Thepressure sensor 26 monitors the pressure of gas in theholding tank 16, preferably by monitoring the pressure in thefirst conduit 32, and sends a signal to thecontroller 24 that correlates to the pressure. Thus, thesensor 26 signals thecontroller 24 when the gas in theholding tank 16 reaches a predetermined pressure. Theelectronic controller 24 can be connected to theengine 22 in a variety of ways including an electronic connection to the engine's computer. - The operation of the
vapor recovery apparatus 10 during oil and gas well production begins when oil flows from thewells 18 into theseparator 12. The separator works in a conventional manner to separate the oil from the gas. The oil is pushed in a conventional manner by a minimal amount of gas from theseparator 12 through apipe 20 into the holdingtank 16, where it is held until the holdingtank 16 is full. The holdingtank 16, while being mostly filled with oil also contains some of the gas that pushed the oil into the tank. Due to the well-known differences in properties of the oil and gas, the gas rises to the top of the holdingtank 16 while the oil settles below. - A thin layer of gas is necessary to remain over the oil in order to prevent a volatile atmosphere when the holding
tank 16 is opened and oxygen enters thetank 16. Additionally, because gas can reach high pressures that can fracture a tank, this pressure must be released. - The
pressure sensor 26 monitors the pressure of the gas in theholding tank 16. When thepressure sensor 26 senses that the pressure in theholding tank 16 is at a first predetermined level, thepressure sensor 26 sends a signal to theelectronic controller 24. The signal can be continuous, or could be limited to when the pressure reaches certain limits. Theelectronic controller 24 then starts theengine 22 to actuate an electric starting motor. Theengine 22 preferably begins to warm up not driving the compressor, for at least one minute. After the one-minute warm up time has elapsed, the clutch, which is connected to the engine in a conventional manner, is engaged to drive the compressor. At this point theengine 22 and the free spinning compressor 30 (the internal parts of the compressor are being moved by the engine but do not pump gas from the holding tank), can run for any length of time. The compressor can be actuated by the controller to change from the free-spinning condition to a pumping or loaded condition in a conventional manner. Theengine 22 runs this way until thepressure sensor 26 senses that there is a second predetermined level of gas pressure in theholding tank 16. - When the
pressure sensor 26 senses the second predetermined level of gas pressure in thetank 16, the controller actuates, i.e. loads, thecompressor 30 to begin to pump gas from the holdingtank 16. The gas is drawn from the holdingtank 16 through thefirst conduit 32 and into the compressor via theinlet 33, where thecompressor 30 compresses the gas. Thecompressor 30 then forces the pressurized gas from theoutlet 35 of thecompressor 30 through thesecond conduit 34 and into thesales line 14. Once in thesales line 14, the gas is sold to a natural gas company for resale to consumers in the conventional manner. - When the
pressure sensor 26 on the holdingtank 16 senses that there is less than the first predetermined level of gas pressure remaining in thetank 16, the pressure sensor signals theelectronic controller 24 to unload thecompressor 30, thereby keeping thecompressor 30 from pumping gas from the holding tank. A timer, which is a part of theelectronic controller 24, can be set for a predetermined amount of time. Once the predetermined amount of time has elapsed, if the gas pressure in theholding tank 16 does not reach the second predetermined level, the electronic controller turns the engine off. However, if the gas pressure in theholding tank 16 reaches the second predetermined level during the predetermined amount of time, then the compressor is actuated again to pump gas in the holding tank into thesales line 14 and the timer is reset, as described above. This method can work to operate thevapor recovery apparatus 10 any number of times throughout the course of filling the holdingtank 16 with oil or simply storing oil in the holding tank. - An example of the operation of the vapor recovery apparatus is given below, and a flow chart illustrating a series of steps that can be taken is illustrated in
FIG. 3 . As will be recognized by a person having ordinary skill, the examples given are only representations of numerical values given for gas pressures; a range of gas pressures and times can be used with the apparatus. - When the
pressure sensor 26 of thevapor recovery apparatus 10 senses that the gas pressure in theholding tank 16 is at least 2 ounces per square inch, which is the first predetermined level, thesensor 26 signals theelectronic controller 24 to start the engine. Theengine 22 begins to warm up and runs for at least one minute and then engages the clutch to begin engaging the compressor without compressing gas of the holdingtank 16. - When the
pressure sensor 26 senses a gas pressure of at least 12 ounces per square inch in theholding tank 16, which is the second predetermined level, thecompressor 30 is loaded. Gas is drawn from the holdingtank 16 through thefirst conduit 32 and into the compressor via theinlet 33 where thecompressor 30 compresses the gas. Thecompressor 30 then forces the gas from theoutlet 35 of thecompressor 30 through thesecond conduit 34 and into thesales line 14. When thepressure sensor 26 on the holdingtank 16 senses that there is less than 2 ounces per square inch of gas pressure remaining in thetank 16, the pressure sensor signals theelectronic controller 24 to unload the compressor 30 (stop compressing). At this point, the timer that is within the controller is set for approximately 15 minutes and begins to run. If the gas pressure in theholding tank 16 does not reach 12 ounces per square inch during the 15 minutes, the electronic controller turns the engine, and therefore the compressor, off. However, if the gas pressure in theholding tank 16reaches 12 ounces per square inch during the 15 minutes, then the compressor will be loaded and the gas will be compressed as described above. Once the compressor is loaded, the timer is reset to approximately 15 minutes. This operation runs in a cycle as many times as necessary. - There are many advantages to using the
vapor recovery apparatus 10 in oil and gas well production operations. One advantage is that thevapor recovery apparatus 10 is easily movable between oil and gas well production operations because it is mounted to a platform. Furthermore, the gas, which would have been wastefully released into the atmosphere, is recovered and then sold to consumers. The owners and operators of oil and gas well production operations will see an increase in sales and will be in compliance with Environmental Protection Agency regulations. - While certain preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed in detail, it is to be understood that various modifications may be adopted without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the following claims.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/126,901 US7350581B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2005-05-11 | Vapor recovery system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/126,901 US7350581B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2005-05-11 | Vapor recovery system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060254777A1 true US20060254777A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
US7350581B2 US7350581B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 |
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US11/126,901 Active 2026-01-06 US7350581B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2005-05-11 | Vapor recovery system |
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Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100040989A1 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2010-02-18 | Heath Rodney T | Combustor Control |
US20100104451A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-04-29 | Brown T Leon | Drip Pump System and Method |
WO2012027671A1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | Cnx Gas Company Llc | A method and apparatus for removing liquid from a gas producing well |
US20130068314A1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Leed Fabrication Services, Inc. | Boundary Layer Disk Turbine Systems for Hydrocarbon Recovery |
US8529215B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2013-09-10 | Rodney T. Heath | Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system |
WO2014113545A1 (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-24 | Cnx Gas Company Llc | Methods and apparatus for removing liquid from a gas producing well |
US8864887B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2014-10-21 | Rodney T. Heath | High efficiency slug containing vapor recovery |
US9188006B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-11-17 | Leed Fabrication Services, Inc. | Boundary layer disk turbine systems for controlling pneumatic devices |
US9291409B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-22 | Rodney T. Heath | Compressor inter-stage temperature control |
WO2016069644A1 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-06 | Newman Jr Edward G | Selective fluid retrieval and treatment system for oil and wastewater recovery |
US9353315B2 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2016-05-31 | Rodney T. Heath | Vapor process system |
US9527786B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-27 | Rodney T. Heath | Compressor equipped emissions free dehydrator |
US9932989B1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2018-04-03 | Rodney T. Heath | Produced liquids compressor cooler |
US10052565B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2018-08-21 | Rodney T. Heath | Treater combination unit |
US10343087B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-07-09 | R3 Oil, LLC | Recovering a hydrocarbon fluid |
US20210317736A1 (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-10-14 | Spindle, LLC | Systems and methods for monitoring and controlling tank pressure and related componentry |
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US8708663B1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2014-04-29 | Frederick T. Varani | Fugitive gas capture |
US8206124B1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2012-06-26 | Varani Frederick T | Oil-gas vapor collection, storage, and recovery system using a variable volume gas bag connected with a control switch |
US8133300B1 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2012-03-13 | S&R Compression, LLC | Systems and methods for oil/gas separation |
US20100263738A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Taylor Innovations, L.L.C. | Pressure Equalization Assembly for a Liquid Storage Vessel |
US9359876B2 (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2016-06-07 | Well Control Technologies, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for removing liquid from a gas producing well |
US8388746B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2013-03-05 | Warr-2-Bros, LLC | Filtration system for a compressor station |
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US8992838B1 (en) | 2011-02-02 | 2015-03-31 | EcoVapor Recovery Systems, LLC | Hydrocarbon vapor recovery system |
US9334109B1 (en) | 2012-02-02 | 2016-05-10 | EcoVapor Recovery Systems, LLC | Vapor recovery systems and methods utilizing selective recirculation of recovered gases |
US9776155B1 (en) | 2012-02-02 | 2017-10-03 | EcoVapor Recovery Systems, LLC | Hydrocarbon vapor recovery system with oxygen reduction |
US9758735B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2017-09-12 | Aspen Engineering Services, Llc | Crude oil stabilization and recovery |
US9988581B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2018-06-05 | Aspen Engineering Services, Llc | Crude oil stabilization and recovery |
US20150267871A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-24 | Pride of the Hills Manufacturing, Inc. | Method for operating a gas processing system |
US10151177B2 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-12-11 | Arthur M. Kelly, III | Grb |
US10493382B1 (en) | 2016-05-02 | 2019-12-03 | Vapor Recovery Solutions LLC | Vapor recovery tank |
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Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9353315B2 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2016-05-31 | Rodney T. Heath | Vapor process system |
US8900343B1 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2014-12-02 | Rodney T. Heath | Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system |
US8529215B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2013-09-10 | Rodney T. Heath | Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system |
US20100040989A1 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2010-02-18 | Heath Rodney T | Combustor Control |
US8840703B1 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2014-09-23 | Rodney T. Heath | Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system |
US20100104451A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-04-29 | Brown T Leon | Drip Pump System and Method |
US8246315B2 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2012-08-21 | Brown T Leon | Drip pump system |
WO2012027671A1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | Cnx Gas Company Llc | A method and apparatus for removing liquid from a gas producing well |
US8864887B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2014-10-21 | Rodney T. Heath | High efficiency slug containing vapor recovery |
US9188006B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-11-17 | Leed Fabrication Services, Inc. | Boundary layer disk turbine systems for controlling pneumatic devices |
US20130068314A1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Leed Fabrication Services, Inc. | Boundary Layer Disk Turbine Systems for Hydrocarbon Recovery |
US9410426B2 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2016-08-09 | Leed Fabrication Services, Inc. | Boundary layer disk turbine systems for hydrocarbon recovery |
US10052565B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2018-08-21 | Rodney T. Heath | Treater combination unit |
WO2014113545A1 (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-24 | Cnx Gas Company Llc | Methods and apparatus for removing liquid from a gas producing well |
US9291409B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-22 | Rodney T. Heath | Compressor inter-stage temperature control |
US9527786B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-27 | Rodney T. Heath | Compressor equipped emissions free dehydrator |
US9932989B1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2018-04-03 | Rodney T. Heath | Produced liquids compressor cooler |
WO2016069644A1 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-06 | Newman Jr Edward G | Selective fluid retrieval and treatment system for oil and wastewater recovery |
US10343087B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-07-09 | R3 Oil, LLC | Recovering a hydrocarbon fluid |
US10456712B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-10-29 | R3 Oil, LLC | Recovering a hydrocarbon fluid |
US20210317736A1 (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-10-14 | Spindle, LLC | Systems and methods for monitoring and controlling tank pressure and related componentry |
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