US20060247224A1 - Melanocortin receptor ligands - Google Patents

Melanocortin receptor ligands Download PDF

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US20060247224A1
US20060247224A1 US11/473,972 US47397206A US2006247224A1 US 20060247224 A1 US20060247224 A1 US 20060247224A1 US 47397206 A US47397206 A US 47397206A US 2006247224 A1 US2006247224 A1 US 2006247224A1
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ethyl
oxo
methyl
piperazin
amide
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Frank Ebetino
Xinrong Tian
Wieslaw Mazur
Anny-Odile Colson
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to melanocortin (MC) receptor ligands that have a 4-substituted nitrogen atom-containing ring, which provides for enhanced activity.
  • MC melanocortin
  • These ligands preferably exhibit selectivity for the MC-3 and/or MC-4 receptors relative to the other melanocortin receptors (in particular the MC-1 receptor) and are suitable for use in pharmaceutical compositions and in treatment methods.
  • Melanocortin peptides are natural peptide hormones in animals and man that bind to and stimulate MC receptors.
  • melanocortins are ⁇ -MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone), ⁇ -MSH, ⁇ -MSH, ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and their peptide fragments.
  • MSH is mainly known for its ability to regulate peripheral pigmentation, whereas ACTH is known to induce steroidoneogenesis.
  • the melanocortin peptides also mediate a number of other physiological effects.
  • Both the MC-4 and MC-3 receptors have been localized to the hypothalamus, a region of the brain believed to be involved in the modulation of feeding behavior.
  • Compounds showing selectivity for the MC-3/MC-4 receptors have been shown to alter food intake following intracerebroventricular and peripheral injection in rodents. Specifically, agonists have been shown to reduce feeding, while antagonists have been shown to increase feeding.
  • the role of the MC-4 and MC-3 receptors have been defined in the control of body weight regulation in mammals. It is believed that the MC-3 receptor influences feed efficiency and the partitioning of fuel stores into fat, whereas the MC-4 receptor regulates food intake and possibly energy expenditure. Thus, these receptor subtypes appear to reduce body weight through distinct and complementary pathways. Therefore compounds that stimulate both the MC-3 and MC-4 receptors may have a greater weight loss effect than those that are selective for either the MC-3 or MC-4 receptor.
  • Body weight disorders such as obesity, anorexia and cachexia are widely recognized as significant public health issues and there is a need for compounds and pharmaceutical compositions which can treat these disorders.
  • the Applicants have discovered a class of compounds that surprisingly have high affinity for the MC-4 and/or the MC-3 receptor subtypes, and that are typically selective for these MC receptors relative to the other melanocortin receptor subtypes, particularly the MC-1 subtype.
  • the present invention relates to compounds which comprise an alkyl substituted heterocyclic ring.
  • the compounds including all enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have the formula: wherein L represents a linking unit each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • A, A 1 , and A 2 are ring components each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of —C( ⁇ NR 6 )—, —C( ⁇ O)—, —C( ⁇ S)—, —C(R 6 ) 2 —, —C(R 6 ) 2 C(R 6 ) 2 —, —CR 6 ⁇ , —N ⁇ , —NR 6 —, or two A units can be taken together with an adjacent atom or A unit to form a bond having the formula —N ⁇ N—, —N—NR 6 —, —CR 6 ⁇ N—, —C ⁇ N—, and mixtures thereof; the index j is 0 or 1;
  • R 6 is hydrogen, R 4 , or the pendant unit W 1 having the formula: wherein the index r is equal to 0 or 1;
  • R 7a and R 7b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
  • R 8 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the present invention relates to melanocortin (MC) receptor ligands.
  • the melanocortin (MC) class of peptides mediates a wide range of physiological effects.
  • Synthetic peptides and peptide mimetics, which modulate the interaction of natural MC ligands have varying degrees of selectivity and binding.
  • the present invention is directed to ligands that are selective for the MC4 receptor, or that are selective for both the MC4 and MC3 receptor while minimizing the interaction at the MC1, MC2, and MC5 receptors.
  • hydrocarbyl is defined herein as any organic unit or moiety which is comprised of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms. Included within the term hydrocarbyl are the heterocycles which are described herein below. Examples of various unsubstituted non-heterocyclic hydrocarbyl units include pentyl, 3-ethyloctanyl, 1,3-dimethylphenyl, cyclohexyl, cis-3-hexyl, 7,7-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]-heptan-1-yl, and naphth-2-yl.
  • hydrocarbyl is the aromatic (aryl) and non-aromatic carbocyclic rings, non-limiting examples of which include cyclopropyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopentanyl, cyclohexanyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.1]-butanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.2]-pentanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.3]-hexanyl (thujanyl), bicyclo-[0.2.2]-hexanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.4]-heptanyl (caranyl), bicyclo-[2.2.1]-heptanyl (norboranyl), bicyclo-[0.2.4]-octanyl (caryophyllenyl), spiropentanyl, diclyclopentanespiranyl, decalinyl, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl
  • heterocycle includes both aromatic (heteroaryl) and non-aromatic heterocyclic rings non-limiting examples of which include: pyrrolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, 2H-imidazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazoyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, 2H-pyran-2-one-yl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, piperazinyl, s-triazinyl, 4H-1,2-oxazinyl, 2H-1,3-oxazinyl, 1,4-oxazinyl, morpholinyl, azepinyl, oxepinyl, 4H-1,2-diazepinyl, morpholiny
  • alkylenearyl is a benzyl unit having the formula: whereas an example of a unit defined by the term “alkyleneheteroaryl” is a 2-picolyl unit having the formula:
  • arylene and heteroarylene relate to aryl and heteroaryl units which can serve as part of a linking group, for example, units having the formula: which represent an arylene and heteroarylene unit respectively.
  • substituted is used throughout the specification.
  • substituted is defined herein as “encompassing moieties or units which can replace a hydrogen atom, two hydrogen atoms, or three hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbyl moiety.
  • substituted can include replacement of hydrogen atoms on two adjacent carbons to form a new moiety or unit.”
  • a substituted unit that requires a single hydrogen atom replacement includes halogen, hydroxyl, and the like.
  • a two hydrogen atom replacement includes carbonyl, oximino, and the like.
  • a two hydrogen atom replacement from adjacent carbon atoms includes epoxy, and the like.
  • Three hydrogen replacement includes cyano, and the like.
  • An epoxide unit is an example of a substituted unit which requires replacement of a hydrogen atom on adjacent carbons.
  • substituted is used throughout the present specification to indicate that a hydrocarbyl moiety, inter alia, aromatic ring, alkyl chain, can have one or more of the hydrogen atoms replaced by a substituent. When a moiety is described as “substituted” any number of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced.
  • 4-hydroxyphenyl is a “substituted aromatic carbocyclic ring”
  • (N,N-dimethyl-5-amino)octanyl is a “substituted C 8 alkyl unit
  • 3-guanidinopropyl is a “substituted C 3 alkyl unit”
  • 2-carboxypyridinyl is a “substituted heteroaryl unit.”
  • R 10 units, herein after also indicated as R 10 , which can serve as a replacement for hydrogen atoms when a hydrocarbyl unit is described as “substituted.”
  • R 10 include:
  • R 4 and R 11 are defined herein below; M is hydrogen, or a salt forming cation; X is defined herein below.
  • Suitable salt forming cations include, sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and the like.
  • Non-limiting examples of an alkylenearyl unit include benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl.
  • substituted on a chemical formula bearing an R 10 moiety for example the formula: will stand equally well for the substitution of one or more hydrogen atoms.
  • the compounds of the present invention include all enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds having the core scaffold represented by the formula: wherein L represents a linking unit each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted methylene unit represented by the formula: wherein R 3a and R 3b are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 4 units are hydrocarbyl units each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • any two of said R 4 units can be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic ring comprising from 3-8 carbon atoms, for example, a unit having the formula: —[C(R 11 ) 2 ] n C( ⁇ NR 4 )N(R 4 ) 2 ; vi) can represent a unit having the formula: or a unit having the formula:
  • linking units relates to peptide and peptide mimetic linking groups each of which are independently selected from units which are represented by the formula: —(R 2 ) y (X) z C(Y) w (X) z (R 2 ) y — wherein X is —NR 4 —; Y is ⁇ O, ⁇ NR 4 , and mixtures thereof, specific embodiments of which include L units selected from the group consisting of —CH 2 NR 4 CH 2 —; —NR 4 —; —NR 4 CH 2 —; —NR 4 C(O)NR 4 —; —NR 4 C( ⁇ NR 4 )NR 4 —.
  • Non-limiting examples of this aspect include a urea unit having the formula: —NHC(O)NH— an amide unit having the formula: —NHC(O)— or the formula: —NHC(O)R 2 — wherein R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkylene; an amine unit having the formula: —NHR 2 — wherein R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkylene; and a guanidine unit having the formula: —NHC( ⁇ NR 4 )NH— wherein R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopentyl, benzyl, and mixtures thereof.
  • a second aspect of the linking groups of the present invention relates to linking units having the formula: —(R 2 ) p (CH ⁇ CH) q —; a) wherein the index q is 0 and the index p is 2 or greater thereby providing linking units having the formula: —[C(R 3a )(R 3b )] 2 — a first iteration of which relates to linking groups formed when the index p is equal to 2, non-limiting examples of which have the formula:
  • L units which comprise one or more R 3a and R 3b units which can form a hydrogen bond, non-limiting examples of which include nitrogen atom containing units having the formula:
  • R 3a and R 3b units which comprise a carbonyl unit, non-limiting examples of which include units having the formula:
  • a further aspect of L relates to sulfonamide linking unit having the formula: —NHSO 2 — said unit providing one aspect of W units as defined herein below.
  • the scaffolds for several of the Categories of melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention comprise linking units, L, selected from the group consisting of:
  • W is a pendant unit having the formula: wherein the index r is 0 or 1 and the index x is from 0 to 10.
  • R 5a and R 5b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
  • the first aspect of W comprises units having the formula: wherein Q is hydrogen.
  • a first iteration of this aspect utilizes the amide and amine linking units for L:
  • R 5a and R 5b units also include from the definitions of R 5a and R 5b units above, the units:
  • the second aspect of W comprises units having the formula: wherein Q is —N(R 4 ) 2 and the index x is 1 or 2.
  • a first iteration of this aspect utilizes the amide and amine linking units for L:
  • R 5a and R 5b units also include from the definitions of R 5a and R 5b units above, the units:
  • the third aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula: wherein Q is —N(R 4 ) 2 , R 4 is —[C(R 9 ) 2 ] n C(R 9 ) 3 ; the index n is from 0 to 10; and the index x is 1 or 2.
  • a first iteration of this aspect utilizes the amide and amine linking units for L:
  • a second iteration of this aspect utilizes the amine linking unit for L:
  • the fourth aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula: wherein L can comprise any iteration of the linking unit —(X) n C(Y) w (X) n — wherein each X is —NH—; Y is ⁇ O or ⁇ NH; each index z is independently 0 or 1; the index w is 1 or 2; R 5a and R 5b are each independently:
  • the first iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, and quinolin-4-yl units having the formula:
  • the second iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted isoquinolin-1-yl, isoquinolin-3-yl, and 1soquinolin-4-yl units having the formula:
  • the third iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted [5,6] fused ring systems, inter alia, 1H-indolin-3-yl having the formula:
  • the fourth iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted, saturated and unsaturated 5-member nitrogen containing rings selected from the group consisting of:
  • the fifth iteration of the fourth aspect of Q units relates to heterocycles which comprise more than one type of heteroatom or which are saturated ring, non-limiting examples of which include, morpholine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, dioxane, imidazoline, pyrazolidine, piperidine, and the like.
  • the fifth aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula: wherein L comprises linking units having the formula: —[C(R 3 ) 2 ] p (CH ⁇ CH) q —; or a) —(X) z C(Y) w (X) z —; b) wherein each X is —NH—; Y is ⁇ O or ⁇ NH; the index p is from 0 to 12; the index q is 0 or 1; each index z is independently 0 or 1; the index w is 1 or 2; R 5a and R 5b are each independently:
  • the first iteration of this aspect relates to W units having the formula: wherein R 10 comprises one or more substitutions for hydrogen, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxy.
  • R 10 comprises one or more substitutions for hydrogen, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxy.
  • Non-limiting examples of W units which comprise this first iteration of the fifth aspect of W units include, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acrylamido, 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-acrylamido, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-acrylamido, and the like. This aspect also includes the unsubstituted example, 3-phenyl-acrylamido.
  • the second iteration of this aspect relates to W units having the formula: wherein R 10 comprises one or more substitutions for hyrdrogen, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxy.
  • R 10 comprises one or more substitutions for hyrdrogen, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxy.
  • Non-limiting examples of W units which comprise this first iteration of the fifth aspect of W units include, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionamido, 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionamido, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionamido, and the like.
  • This aspect also includes the unsubstituted example, 3-phenyl-propionamido.
  • the sixth aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula: wherein L can comprise any iteration of the linking unit —(X) n C(Y) w (X) n — wherein each X is —NH—; Y is ⁇ O or ⁇ NH; each index z is independently 0 or 1; the index w is 1 or 2; R 5a and R 5b are each independently:
  • the eighth aspect of W units comprises units having the formula: wherein R 5a and R 5b are taken together to form a ring selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • a first iteration of this aspect relates to units wherein Q is —NH 2 non-limiting examples of which include W units having the formula: which are further exemplified herein below.
  • the ninth aspect of W units comprises sulfonamide linking units, said W units having the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl unit selected from the group consisting of:
  • R units relates to substituted and non-substituted aryl units, said units comprising phenyl, benzyl, naphthylen-2-yl, and naphthylen-2-ylmethyl.
  • a first iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 4-hydroxyphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, and 4-acetoxyphenyl.
  • a second iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are selected from the group consisting of naphthylen-1-yl, 2-naphthylen-2-yl, naphthalen-1-ylmethyl, naphthalen-2-ylmethyl, and 1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-ylmethyl.
  • R units relate to substituted and non-substituted heteroaryl units wherein R units comprise substituted or unsubstituted quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, and tetrahydroisoquinolinyl.
  • a fist iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolinyl and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl.
  • a second iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl and 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl.
  • R relates to phenyl rings comprising a C 1 -C 4 alkyl unit, non-limiting examples or which include 4-methylphenyl, 2,4-dimethylphenyl, as well as mixed alkyl rings, inter alia, 2-methyl-4-isopropyl.
  • a yet further aspect of R relates to substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl rings selected from the group consisting of thiophenyl, furanyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, and pyridinyl.
  • R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted unit selected form the group consisting of:
  • R 1 relates to unsubstituted lower alkyl (C 1 -C 4 ) R 1 units, for example, methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl (1-methylpropyl), allyl, and the like.
  • a second aspect of R 1 relates to the unsubstituted C 5 -C 8 linear alkyl units: n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, and n-octyl.
  • a third aspect of R 1 relates to unsubstituted cyclic alkyl, for example, cyclopropyl, 2-methyl-cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutyl, 2-methylcyclobutyl, 3-methylcyclobutyl, cyclobutylmethyl, 2-cyclobutylethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, and the like.
  • a fourth aspect of R 1 relates to substituted units which are haloalkyl units, for example, a first iteration relates to R 1 units selected from the group consisting of —CF 3 , —CHF 2 , —CH 2 F, —CF 2 CF 3 , and —CCl 3 .
  • a fifth aspect of R 1 relates to substituted lower alkyl units.
  • a first iteration of this aspect relates to R 1 units which are substituted with alkoxy units, for example, R 1 units selected from the group consisting of methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, methoxypropyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, propoxymethyl, propoxyethyl, and propoxypropyl.
  • the scaffolds of the present invention represented by the formula: each comprise a nitrogen-containing ring, said ring further comprising A, A 1 , and A 2 ring components each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of —C( ⁇ NR 6 )—, —C( ⁇ O)—, —C( ⁇ S)—, —C(R 6 ) 2 —, —C(R 6 ) 2 C(R 6 ) 2 —, —CR 6 ⁇ , —N ⁇ , —NR 6 —, or two A units can be taken together with an adjacent atom or another A unit to form a bond having the formula —N ⁇ N—, —N—NR 6 —, —CR 6 ⁇ N—, —C ⁇ N—, and mixtures thereof; the index j is equal to 0 or 1.
  • A comprises —C( ⁇ O)—
  • a 1 unit comprises —C(R 6 ) 2 —
  • a 2 unit comprises —NR 6 —, therefore providing a keto-piperazine scaffold having the formula: wherein R 6 is defined herein below.
  • R 6 is hydrogen, R 4 , or the pendant unit W 1 having the formula: wherein the index r is equal to 0 or 1;
  • R 7a and R 7b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
  • R 8 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the first aspect of W 1 relates to units having the formula: wherein R 8 is a unit selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 8 units which are suitable for use in this aspect of W 1 include units selected from the group consisting of (2-fluorophenyl)methyl, (3-fluorophenyl)methyl, (4-fluorophenyl)methyl, (2,3-difluorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-difluorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-difluorophenyl)methyl, (3,5-difluorophenyl)-methyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3-chlorophenyl)methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (3,5-dichlorophenyl)-methyl, and naphthalene-2-ylmethyl.
  • the second aspect of W 1 units comprise R 7a units which are short chain alkyl or alkenyl (lower hydrocarbyl) esters having the formula: —C(O)OR 4 ; non-limiting examples of which are —C(O)OCH 3 ; —C(O)OCH 2 CH 3 ; —C(O)OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ; —C(O)OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ; —C(O)OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ; —C(O)OCH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; —C(O)OCH 2 CH ⁇ CHCH 3 ; —C(O)OCH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; —C(O)OCH 2 C(CH 3 ) 3 ; and the like; and short chain substituted or non-substituted amides having the formula: —C(O)NHR 4 or —NHC(O)R 4 non-limiting examples of which are —C(O
  • W 1 units comprise units which are guanidine and guanidine mimetics having the formula: and R 7a is a unit selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 7a is selected from the group consisting of:
  • a further aspect of W 1 relates to A, A 1 , or A 2 units which comprise a NR 6 — unit and R 6 has the formula —CH 2 R 8 wherein R 8 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, and naphth-2-yl.
  • W 1 units are the 5-member ring W 1 units having the formula: —(CH n ) x —R 8 wherein the index x is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and R 8 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • a fourth aspect of W 1 of this first category of receptor ligands relates to R 5 units comprising substituted an unsubstituted, saturated and unsaturated six-member rings having at least one nitrogen, non limiting examples of which include pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-triazinyl, piperidinyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, and the like.
  • a fifth aspect of W 1 of this first category of receptor ligands relates to R 5 units comprising substituted and unsubstituted fused ring heterocycles for example, quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, and quinolin-4-yl units having the formula: substituted and unsubstituted isoquinolin-1-yl, isoquinolin-3-yl, and 1soquinolin-4-yl units having the formula: and unsubstituted [5,6] fused ring systems, inter alia, 1H-indolin-3-yl having the formula:
  • the analogs (compounds) of the present invention are arranged into several categories to assist the formulator in applying a rational synthetic strategy for the preparation of analogs which are not expressly exampled herein.
  • the arrangement into categories does not imply increased or decreased efficacy for any of the compositions of matter described herein.
  • the melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention are differentiated into categories depending upon the ring A unit selections. However, preparation strategies and synthetic routes suitable for one ring scaffold may be suitable or adaptable to other ring systems or ring substituents.
  • Non-limiting examples of categories of the present invention include Category I analogs comprising a 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines the first aspect of which has the formula:
  • Category II analogs comprise a 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazine having the formula:
  • Category III relates to 3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the formula:
  • Category IV comprises 2-hydrocarbyl-pyrrolidines having the formula:
  • scaffolds according to the present invention include: 2-hydrocarbyl-4- ⁇ -aminohydrocarbyl-piperazine having the formula: 2-hydrocarbyl-4,4-disubstituted-piperidine having the formula: 2-hydrocarbyl-4,4-disubstituted-piperidine having the formula: 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-[1,4]diazepane having the formula:
  • Category I melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
  • the first aspect of Category I comprises analogs wherein W is —NH 2 , said analogs having a scaffold with the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a and R 8 are provided herein below in Table I. TABLE I No. R 1 R 7a R 8 1 methyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 2 ethyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 3 propyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 4 iso-propyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5 butyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 6 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 7 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 8 allyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-yl
  • reaction is quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • the extract is dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 6.4 g (84% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction is stirred for 10 hours then quenched with 10% aqueous HCl.
  • the solvent is decanted, and the aqueous phase is extracted with ethyl acetate, the organic layers combined, dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford a crude residue which is purified over silica (hexanes/EtOAc, 3:2) to afford 3.84 g of the desired product.
  • reaction suspension was stirred at 65° C. for 12 h, quenched with 10% aqueous HCl and extracted with EtOAc. The extract is dried over Na 2 SO 4 , concentrated and the residue purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:2) to afford 3.7 g (97% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred 18 hours then quenched with saturated NaHCO 3 solution and extracted with EtOAc (200 mL). The extract is dried over Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated in vacuo to afford a bright yellow oil which is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:1 to EtOAc/MeOH, 10:1) to afford 2.45 g (79% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 20 h, quenched with 10% NaHCO 3 aqueous solution and extracted with EtOAc. The extract is dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated. The residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 4:1 to 3:2) to afford 0.745 g (85% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction is then quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • the extract is dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 0.183 g (88% yield) of the desired product.
  • the formulator may also choose to prepare rings which comprise the opposite stereochemistry, for example, those derived from the use of 2-(R)-tert-butoxy-carbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid or, as a further iteration, the formulator may wish to provide a racemic mixture, for example, an analog derived from 2-(R,S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid.
  • the formulator may choose to substitute for naphthylen-2-ylmethyl (R 8 units).
  • suitable groups include benzyl, 3-methoxybenzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 3-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl, 2-fluorobenzyl, 3-fluorobenzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, 2,4-difluorobenzyl, 3,5-difluorobenzyl, 3,4-difluorobenzyl, 2-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 3-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 3-methylbenzyl, 4-methylbenzyl, 4-phenylbenzyl, isoquinolin-6-yl, indol-2-yl, indol-3-yl, and the like.
  • the R 7a unit may include, for example, —CH 2 C(O)NH 2 , —CH 2 C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(O)NH 2 , —C(O)NH(CH 2 CH 2 F), —C(O)NHCH 2 (C 3 H 5 ), and the like.
  • R units can be modified to reflect the choice of the formulator, for example, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionic acid can be replaced by 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid to replace the 4-fluorophenyl R unit with the 4-chlorophenyl R unit.
  • Non-limiting examples of other suitable replacements include 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(3-fluorophenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-methylphenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)propionic acid, and the like.
  • the second aspect of Category I comprises analogs wherein W is —NH 2 , said analogs having a scaffold with the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 4 and R 8 are described herein below in Table II.
  • R 1 R 4 R 8 81 methyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 82 ethyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 83 propyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 84 iso-propyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 85 butyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 86 cyclopropyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 87 cyclopropylmethyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 88 allyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 89 but-2-enyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 90 propargyl —H naphthylen-2-
  • the compounds which comprise the second aspect of Category I can be prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme II which entails de-protection of intermediates such Intermediate 6 to form the ester analogs which comprise this aspect and hydrolysis of the corresponding ester analogs to the free acid analogs.
  • Category II melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula: wherein the index x can be 0 or 1.
  • the first aspect of Category II comprises analogs with a scaffold having the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as defined herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 5a , R 5b , R 7a and R 8 are provided herein below in Table III. TABLE III No.
  • R 1 R 5a R 5b R 7a R 8 121 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 122 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 123 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 124 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 125 butyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 126 tert-butyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 127 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 128 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O
  • 3-Cyclopropyl-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionic acid can be prepared as follows: To a solution of 2-amino-3-cyclopropyl propionic acid (1.0 g, 7.74 mmol) and triethyl amine (2.3 g, 10.4 mmol) in THF/H 2 O (10 ml/20 mL) is added 2-nirtobenzenesulfonyl chloride (2.3 g, 10.4 mmol) in portions at 0° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 15 hours and the THF is removed in vacuo. The residual aqueous layer is then acidified with conc. HCl and extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 15 hours at 65° C., cooled and quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl solution.
  • the mixture is then extracted several times with EtOAc and the combined extracts dried over Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated in vacuo.
  • the resulting residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:2) to afford 3.57 g (98% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 15 hours, quenched with 10% NaHCO 3 solution and extracted several times with EtOAc.
  • the combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated in vacuo to yielding a bright yellow oil which is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:1 to EtOAc/MeOH, 10:1) to afford 2.10 g (89% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 10 hours, quenched with 10% NaHCO 3 aqueous solution and extracted several times with EtOAc. The combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a crude residue which is purified over silica gel (silica gel, hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 651 mg (71% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 4 hours, acidified with 1N HCl to pH 3 and extracted several times with EtOAc.
  • the combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo and dried under high vacuum to give the free acid in quantitative yield, which is used directly without further purification.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate.
  • the combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue, which is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:4) to afford 108 mg (93% yield) of the desired product.
  • R 1 comprises other units
  • R 1 comprises other units
  • R 1 can be suitably prepared by substituting the appropriate starting material in place of 3-cyclopropyl-2-(S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid, for example, cyclopropyl-2-(S)-(nitro-benzene-sulonylamino)-acetic acid, 2-(S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-butyric acid, and the like.
  • the formulator may also choose to prepare rings which comprise the opposite stereochemistry, for example, those derived from the use of 3-cyclopropyl-2-(R)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid or, as a further iteration, the formulator may wish to provide a racemic mixture, for example, an analog derived from, 3-cyclopropyl-2-(R,S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid.
  • a second aspect of Category II melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl as defined herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a , R 8 and Q are provided herein below in Table IV.
  • THQ-3-yl represents 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl.
  • R 1 Q R 7a R 8 300 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 301 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 302 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 303 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 304 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 305 cyclopropylmethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 306 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)
  • the compounds which comprise the second aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared according to Scheme V below from final analogs which comprise Category I, for example, utilizing as starting materials compounds such as 18.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate.
  • the combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue, which is purified over silica gel (CH 2 Cl 2 /CH 3 OH, 13:1) to afford the desired product.
  • R 7a and R 7b are each hydrogen and R 8 units are selected from the group consisiting of phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, and naphth-2-yl.
  • a further iteration of this aspect comprises compounds having the formula: wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl as defined herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a , and R 8 are provided herein above in Table IV, said compounds comprising Q units selected from the group consisting of —OH, —OCH 3 , —NH 2 , —NHCH 3 , and N(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • Non-limiting examples of this iteration of aspect two of Category II include:
  • a third aspect of Category II comprises analogs with a scaffold having the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 5b , R 7a , R 8 and Q are defined herein below in Table V. TABLE V No. R 1 R 5b Q R 7a R 8 428 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 429 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 430 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 431 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 432 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 433 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH 2 naphth
  • the compounds which comprise the third aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared according to Scheme VI below from final analogs which comprise Category I, for example, utilizing as starting materials compounds such as 18 which corresponds to analog 9 from Table I.
  • the fourth aspect of Category II comprises analogs with a scaffold having the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 4 , R 5b , R 8 and Q are defined herein below in Table VI. TABLE VI No. R 1 R 7a R 5a R 5b Q R 8 511 methyl —CO 2 H —H —H —NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 512 ethyl —CO 2 H —H —H —NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 513 propyl —CO 2 H —H —H —NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 514 iso-propyl —CO 2 H —H —H —NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 515 cyclopropyl —CO 2 H —H —H —NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 516 cyclopropylmethyl —CO 2 H —H —
  • the compounds which comprise the fourth aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared starting with intermediate compounds such as 15 as outlined in Scheme VII herein below.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate.
  • the combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue which is purified over silica gel (CH 2 Cl 2 /CH 3 OH, 13:1) to afford the desired product.
  • a further iteration of the fourth aspect of Category II relates to R 7a units which are carboxy, which can be prepared from the corresponding esters as outlined in Scheme VIII.
  • a fifth aspect of Category II melanocortin receptor ligands relate to compounds wherein R 5a and R 5b are taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms, said compounds having the general scaffold with the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 5a /R 5b ring, R 7a , R 8 and Q are defined herein below in Table VII.
  • 1,2,3,4-THN-2-yl stands for 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthylen-2-yl. TABLE VII No.
  • R 1 R 5a /R 5b ring Q R 7a R 8 594 CH 3 cyclopropyl —NH 2 —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 595 —CH 3 cyclobutyl —NH 2 —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 596 —CH 3 cyclopentyl —NH 2 —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 597 —CH 3 azetidin-2-yl —NH 2 —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 598 —CH 3 azetidin-3-yl —NH 2 —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 599 —CH 3 cyclopropyl —NHCH 3 —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 600 —CH 3 cyclobutyl —
  • the compounds which comprise the fifth aspect of Category II melanocortin receptor ligands can be suitably prepared starting with intermediate compound 18 as outline in Scheme IX herein below.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH 4 Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate.
  • the combined extracts are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue, which is purified over silica gel (CH 2 Cl 2 /CH 3 OH, 13:1) to afford the desired product.
  • the Category III melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprises the 2-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula: the first aspect of which comprises compounds having the formula:
  • R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a , and R 8 are defined herein below in Table VIII and in the examples which follow. TABLE VIII No. R 1 R 7a R 8 714 methyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 715 ethyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 716 propyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 717 iso-propyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 718 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 719 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 720 allyl —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 721 methyl —C(O)NH 2 (3
  • the compounds of the first aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme X.
  • reaction mixture is cooled in an ice bath and the pH is adjusted to ⁇ 3 with 1M KHSO 4 .
  • the reaction mixture is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 300 mL). The organic layers are combined and washed with water (200 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue is purified over silica (Hexane: EtOAc 1:1; 5% MeOH in EtOAc) to afford 27.4 g (98% yield) of the desired product.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred for six hours at room temperature, cooled in a ice bath and the pH adjusted to ⁇ 3 with 1M HCl.
  • the reaction mixture is extracted with Et 2 O (4 ⁇ 100 mL), the organic layers combined and extracted with 1M HCl (100 mL). The organic layers are then discarded.
  • the aqueous layers were combined and cooled in ice bath and pH was adjusted to ⁇ 10 with K 2 CO 3 .
  • the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (4 ⁇ 125 mL) and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the combined organic layers are concentrated in vacuo to afford 2.1 g (80% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled in a ice bath and the pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl.
  • the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 100 mL) and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the organic layers are combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3.4 g (98% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour then a saturated solution of ammonium chloride (30 mL) is added.
  • the reaction mixture is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 30 mL), then the combined organic layers are washed with 2M HCl (2 ⁇ 10 mL), water (2 ⁇ 10 mL), a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate (2 ⁇ 10 mL), water (2 ⁇ 10 mL) and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.26 g (87% yield) of the desired product.
  • Scheme XII illustrates the replacement of 4-fluorophenyl as the R unit with 4-chlorophenyl.
  • reaction mixture is stirred overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled in ice bath and the pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl.
  • the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 75 mL) and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the organic layers are concentrated in vacuo to afford 1.0 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product.
  • the second aspect of Category III comprises compounds having the formula:
  • R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting of R 1 , R 5a , R 5b , R 7a , and R 8 are defined herein below in Table IX and in the which follow. TABLE IX No.
  • This reaction mixture is cool to 0° C. then N-methylmorpholine (0.3 mL, 2.7 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator for overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 30 mL), the organic layers combined, washed with water (2 ⁇ 50 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.31 g of the desired product which is used without further purification.
  • the third aspect of Category III comprises compounds having the formula:
  • R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a , R 8 , and Q are defined herein below in Table XII and in the examples which follow. TABLE XII No.
  • the compounds of the third aspect of Category III can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below, utilizing final analogs from the first aspect of this Category as starting points, for example, compound 45, as depicted in Scheme XIV herein below.
  • 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added.
  • the organic layers are combined and concentrated in vacuo and the crude product is purified by preparative HPLC to afford the desired product.
  • a small amount of product is converted into free base by treating with NaHCO 3 to obtain NMR spectra.
  • a fourth aspect of Category III melanocortin receptor ligands relate to compounds wherein R 5a and R 5b are taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms, said compounds having the general scaffold with the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 5a /R 5b ring, R 7a , R 8 and Q are defined herein below in Table XIII. TABLE XIII No.
  • the compounds of the fourth aspect of Category III can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below, utilizing final analogs from the first aspect of this Category as starting points, for example, compound 41, as depicted in Scheme XVII herein below.
  • the fifth aspect of Category III comprises compounds having the formula:
  • R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a , R 8 , and Q are defined herein below in Table XIV and in the examples which follow.
  • Table XIV No. R 1 Q R 7a R 8 1181 —CH 3 —CH 2 OCH 3 —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1182 —CH 3 —CH 2 OCH 3 —C(O)NH 2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl 1183 —CH 3 —CH 2 OCH 3 —C(O)NH 2 (3- chlorophenyl)methyl 1184 —CH 3 —CH 2 OCH 3 —C(O)NH 2 (4- chlorophenyl)methyl 1185 —CH 3 —CH 2 OCH 3 —C(O)NH 2 (2,4- dichlorophenyl)methyl 1186 —CH 3 —CH 2 OCH 3 —C(O)NH 2 (3,4- dichloroph
  • the compounds which comprise Category III are also compounds wherein R 7a is hydrogen, as described herein above, and as provided by example in the description of Category II analogs according to the present invention.
  • the Category IV melanocortin receptor ligands comprises the 2-hydrocarbyl-pyrrolidines having the general scaffold with the formula: the first aspect of which comprises pyrrolidine analogs having the formula: wherein R, R 1 , and R 8 are defined herein above.
  • the compounds which comprise the first aspect of Category IV can be prepared by the procedure outline herein below in Scheme XVI. Starting material 51 can be obtained from N-Boc-3-(R)-hydroxypyrrolidine as set forth therein below.
  • N-Boc-3-R-hydroxypyrrolidine Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (14.0 g, 63.1 mmol) is added to a stirred solution of 3-R-hydroxypyrrolidine (5.0 g, 57.4 mol) and triethylamine (16 mL, 114.8 mmol) dissolved in dichloromethane (58 ml) at 0° C. The resulting solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 4 hours. The solution is then diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL), washed twice with 1 N HCl and twice with aq. NaHCO 3 solution. The organic layer is then dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (9.9 g, 92%) as a white solid which is sufficiently pure for use without further purification.
  • N-Boc-2-S-allyl-4-R-hydroxypyrrolidine A solution of N-Boc-3-R-hydroxypyrrolidine (3.0 g, 16.0 mmol), and TMEDA (6.4 mL, 40.1 mmol) is dissolved in THF (50 mL) and cooled to ⁇ 78° C. To this reaction mixture is added a solution of 1.3 M sec-butyl lithium (50 mL) in cyclohexanes with stirring. The resulting orange-colored mixture is allowed to warm to ⁇ 40° C. and stirred for 2.75 hours. The mixture is again cooled to ⁇ 78° C. and allyl bromide (3.1 mL, 35.3 mmol) is added.
  • N-Boc-2-(S)-allyl-4-(R)-(benzyloxy)pyrrolidine Sodium hydride (408 mg, 11.5 mmol) is added in portions to a stirred solution of N-Boc-2-S-allyl-4-R-hydroxypyrrolidine (2.0 g, 8.8 mmol) in DMF at 0° C. and the reaction mixture is stirred for 20 min. Benzylbromide (2.3 g, 13.2 mmol) in DMF(5 mL) is then added and the resulting solution is stirred for 5 hours at room temperature. The reaction is quenched with aq. NH 4 Cl solution and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers are dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a yellow oil. The oil residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 6:1) to afford the desired product as a clear oil.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour and then warmed to room temperature and stirred an additional 15 hour.
  • the reaction is quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl solution and then extracted 3 times with EtOAc (70 mL). The organic layers are combined, washed with saturated NaCl solution, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and the solvent is removed in vacuo.
  • the crude product is purified over silica to afford 0.69 g (77% yield) of the desired product as a white solid.
  • Category V melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula: wherein R 1 comprises a substituted alkyl unit.
  • the first aspect of Category V comprises the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the formula:
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R 1 , R 7a and R 8 are provided herein below in Table XV.
  • Table XV TABLE XV No. R 1 R 7a R 8 1265 methoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1266 methoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1267 methoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1268 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1269 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1270 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 1271 propoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH 3 naph
  • the compounds of the first aspect of Category V can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme XVII.
  • reaction mixture is stirred at 60° C. overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and the pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M KHSO 4 .
  • the solution is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 100 mL) and the organic layers are combined and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 5.6 g (85% yield) of the desired product.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred for six hours at room temperature, then cooled in a ice bath and pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl.
  • the reaction mixture is extracted with Et 2 O (4 ⁇ 100 mL). All organic layers are combined and extracted with 1M HCl (100 mL). All aqueous layers are combined and cooled in a ice bath and the pH is adjusted to 10 with K 2 CO 3 .
  • the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (4 ⁇ 125 mL) and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 2.2 g (97% yield) of the desired product.
  • reaction mixture is stirred for overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled in ice bath and pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl.
  • the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 100 mL) and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 3.7 g 100% yield) of the desired product.
  • the second aspect of Category V relates to compounds having the formula:
  • R 1 Q R 7a R 8 300 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 301 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 302 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 303 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 1337 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 1338 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH 2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl 5-yl 1339 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrroli
  • the compounds of the second aspect of Category V can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme XVIII beginning with compounds which comprises the first aspect of this Category, for example, compound 66.
  • 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. Removal of solvents in vacuo gives the crude hydrogen chloride salt of product which is then purified by preparative HPLC to afford 0.22 g (54% yield) of the desired product as the trifluoroacetate salt. A small amount of product is converted into free base by treating with NaHCO 3 to obtain NMR spectra.
  • compositions or formulations which comprise the melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention also relates to compositions or formulations which comprise the melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise:
  • compositions of this invention are typically provided in unit dosage form.
  • unit dosage form is defined herein as comprising an effective amount of one or more melanocortin receptor ligands.
  • the compositions of the present invention contain in one embodiment from about 1 mg to about 750 mg of one or more melanocortin receptor ligands, while in other embodiments the compositions comprise from about 3 mg to about 500 mg, or from about 5 mg to about 300 mg respectively.
  • excipient and “carrier” are used interchangeably throughout the description of the present invention and said terms are defined herein as, “ingredients which are used in the practice of formulating a safe and effective pharmaceutical composition.”
  • excipients are used primarily to serve in delivering a safe, stable, and functional pharmaceutical, serving not only as part of the overall vehicle for delivery but also as a means for achieving effective absorption by the recipient of the active ingredient.
  • An excipient may fill a role as simple and direct as being an inert filler, or an excipient as used herein may be part of a pH stabilizing system or coating to insure delivery of the ingredients safely to the stomach.
  • the formulator can also take advantage of the fact the compounds of the present invention have improved cellular potency, pharmacokinetic properties, as well as improved oral bioavailability.
  • Non-limiting examples of substances which can serve as pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients or components thereof are sugars, inter alia, lactose, glucose and sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol; starches, inter alia, corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives, inter alia, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and methyl cellulose; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatin; talc; solid lubricants, such as stearic acid and magnesium stearate; vegetable oils, propylene glycol, glycerin, and polyethylene glycol; agar; alginic acid; wetting agents and lubricants, inter alia, sodium lauryl sulfate; coloring agents; flavoring agents; tableting agents, stabilizers; antioxidants; preservatives; pyrogen-free water; isotonic saline; and buffers.
  • sugars inter alia, lactose, glucose and sucrose,
  • the present invention further relates to forms of the present compounds, which under normal human or higher mammalian physiological conditions, release the compounds described herein.
  • One iteration of this aspect includes the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the analogs described herein.
  • the formulator for the purposes of compatibility with delivery mode, excipients, and the like, can select one salt form of the present analogs over another since the compounds themselves are the active species which mitigate the disease processes described herein.
  • pro-drug forms of the analogs of the present invention. It may be desirable to formulate the compounds of the present invention as a chemical species which itself is not a melanocortin receptor ligand as described herein, but instead are forms of the present analogs which when delivered to the body of a human or higher mammal will undergo a chemical reaction catalyzed by the normal function of the body, inter alia, enzymes present in the stomach, blood serum, said chemical reaction releasing the parent analog. Or alternatively, said “pro-drug” form may cross the blood/brain barrier before undergoing a change which releases the melanocortin receptor ligand in its active form.
  • pro-drug relates to these species which are converted in vivo to the active pharmaceutical.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for controlling one or more melanocortin receptor, MC-3 or MC-4, mediated or melanocortin receptor modulated mammalian diseases or conditions, said method comprising the step of administering to a human or higher mammal an effective amount of a composition comprising one or more of the melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention.
  • melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention can be delivered in a manner wherein more than one site of control can be achieved, more than one disease state can be modulated at the same time.
  • diseases which are affected by an antagonist or agonist which stimulates the MC-3 or MC-4 receptor obesity and other body weight disorders, inter alia, anorexia and cachexia.
  • melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention will therefore affect a variety of diseases, disease states, conditions, or syndromes resulting from body weight disorders, inter alia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, Type-2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, elevated blood pressure, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cancer (e.g., endometrial, cervical, ovarian, breast, prostate, gallbladder, colon), menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, infertility, gallbladder disease, restrictive lung disease, sleep apnea, gout, osteoarthritis, and thromboembolic disease.
  • body weight disorders inter alia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, Type-2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, elevated blood pressure, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cancer (e.g., endometrial, cervical, ovarian, breast, prostate, gallbladder, colon), menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, infertility, gallbla
  • MC-3 and MC-4 receptor ligands are also effective in treating disorders relating to behavior, memory (including learning), cardiovascular function, inflammation, sepsis, cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock, sexual dysfunction, penile erection, muscle atrophy, nerve growth and repair, intrauterine fetal growth, and the like.
  • melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention are discrete chemical entities, the method of delivery or the method of use may be coupled with other suitable drug delivery systems.
  • a drug delivery technique useful for the compounds of the present invention is the conjugation of the compound to an active molecule capable of being transported through a biological barrier (see e.g. Zlokovic, B. V., Pharmaceutical Research , Vol. 12, pp. 1395-1406 (1995)).
  • a specific example constitutes the coupling of the compound of the invention to fragments of insulin to achieve transport across the blood brain barrier (Fukuta, M., et al. Pharmaceutical Res ., Vol. 11, pp. 1681-1688 (1994)).
  • Functional activity in vitro pre-screening can be evaluated using various methods known in the art. For example, measurement of the second messenger, cAMP, as described in citation (iv) above, evaluation by Cytosensor Microphysiometer techniques (Boyfield et al. 1996), or by using the compounds of the invention alone, or in combination with natural or synthetic MSH-peptides.
  • the compounds of the present invention will interact preferentially (i.e., selectively) to MC-4 and/or MC-3, relative to the other melanocortin receptors. Selectivity is particularly important when the compounds are administered to humans or other animals, to minimize the number of side effects associated with their administration.
  • MC-3/MC-4 selectivity of a compound is defined herein as the ratio of the EC 50 of the compound for an MC-1 receptor (“EC 50 -MC-1”) over the EC 50 of the compound for the MC-3 (EC 50 -MC-3)/MC-4 (EC 50 -MC-4) receptor, the EC 50 values being measured as described above.
  • a receptor ligand is defined herein as being “selective for the MC-3 receptor” when the above-mentioned ratio “MC-3-selectivity” is at least about 10. In other treatments, methods, or compositions this value is at least about 100, while for yet other embodiments of the present invention the selectivity is at least about 500.
  • a compound is defined herein as being “selective for the MC-4 receptor” when the above-mentioned ratio “MC-3-selectivity” is at least about 10. In other treatments, methods, or compositions this value is at least about 100, while for yet other embodiments of the present invention the selectivity is at least about 500.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to compounds which comprise a nitrogen-containing ring scaffold substituted by an R1 alkyl units selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 linear or branched alkyl, C3-C8 cyclic alkyl, C2-C12 linear or branched alkenyl, or haloalkyl, for example, the 2-keto-3-alkylpiperazines having the formula:
Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00001
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-chlorophenyl; R1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, benzyl, allyl, 1-methylallyl, 2-methylallyl, but-2-enyl, and propargyll; R7a is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —CO2H, —CONH2, —CONHCH3, and —CON(CH3)2; R8 is benzyl, substituted benzyl, or naphthalen-2-ylmethyl.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This application is a Divisional application of application Ser. No. 10/689,022 filed Oct. 20, 2003 which claims priority under Title 35, United States Code 119(e) from Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/420,578, filed Oct. 23, 2002.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to melanocortin (MC) receptor ligands that have a 4-substituted nitrogen atom-containing ring, which provides for enhanced activity. These ligands preferably exhibit selectivity for the MC-3 and/or MC-4 receptors relative to the other melanocortin receptors (in particular the MC-1 receptor) and are suitable for use in pharmaceutical compositions and in treatment methods.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Melanocortin peptides (melanocortins) are natural peptide hormones in animals and man that bind to and stimulate MC receptors. Examples of melanocortins are α-MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone), β-MSH, γ-MSH, ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and their peptide fragments. MSH is mainly known for its ability to regulate peripheral pigmentation, whereas ACTH is known to induce steroidoneogenesis. The melanocortin peptides also mediate a number of other physiological effects. They are reported to affect motivation, learning, memory, behavior, inflammation, body temperature, pain perception, blood pressure, heart rate, vascular tone, natriuresis, brain blood flow, nerve growth and repair, placental development, aldosterone synthesis and release, thyroxin release, spermatogenesis, ovarian weight, prolactin and FSH secretion, uterine bleeding in women, sebum and pheromone secretion, sexual activity, penile erection, blood glucose levels, intrauterine fetal growth, food motivated behavior, as well as other events related to parturition.
  • Both the MC-4 and MC-3 receptors have been localized to the hypothalamus, a region of the brain believed to be involved in the modulation of feeding behavior. Compounds showing selectivity for the MC-3/MC-4 receptors have been shown to alter food intake following intracerebroventricular and peripheral injection in rodents. Specifically, agonists have been shown to reduce feeding, while antagonists have been shown to increase feeding. The role of the MC-4 and MC-3 receptors have been defined in the control of body weight regulation in mammals. It is believed that the MC-3 receptor influences feed efficiency and the partitioning of fuel stores into fat, whereas the MC-4 receptor regulates food intake and possibly energy expenditure. Thus, these receptor subtypes appear to reduce body weight through distinct and complementary pathways. Therefore compounds that stimulate both the MC-3 and MC-4 receptors may have a greater weight loss effect than those that are selective for either the MC-3 or MC-4 receptor.
  • Body weight disorders such as obesity, anorexia and cachexia are widely recognized as significant public health issues and there is a need for compounds and pharmaceutical compositions which can treat these disorders.
  • The Applicants have discovered a class of compounds that surprisingly have high affinity for the MC-4 and/or the MC-3 receptor subtypes, and that are typically selective for these MC receptors relative to the other melanocortin receptor subtypes, particularly the MC-1 subtype.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to compounds which comprise an alkyl substituted heterocyclic ring. The compounds, including all enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00002
    wherein L represents a linking unit each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) —(R2)p(CH═CH)q—;
      • b) —(R2)y(X)zC(Y)w(X)z(R2)y—;
      • c) —(R2)y(X)zS(Y)k(X)z(R2)y—;
      • d) —(R2)y(Z)mNR4(Z)m(R2)y—;
      • e) —(R2)y(O)zP(T)k(O)z(R2)y—;
        wherein T is ═O, —OR4, and mixtures thereof; wherein X is —O—, —S—, —NR4—; Y is ═O, ═S, ═NR4, —R4, and mixtures thereof; Z is ═N—, —NR4—, and mixtures thereof; the index k is from 0 to 2; the index m is 0 or 1; the index p is from 0 to 12; the index q is from 0 to 3; the index w is from 0 to 2; the index y is 0 or 1; the index z is 0 or 1;
        each R2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted methylene unit represented by the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00003
        wherein R3a and R3b are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) —[C(R11)2]nCOR4;
      • iv) —[C(R11)2]nCOOR4;
      • v) —[C(R11)2]nCOCH═CH2;
      • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCON(R4)2;
      • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCONR4N(R4)2
      • ix) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
      • x) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
      • xi) —[C(R11)2]nCF3, —[C(R11)2]nCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nCBr3;
      • xii) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
      • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4COR4;
      • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
      • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
      • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
      • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
      • xix) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
      • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
      • xxi) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
      • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —[C(R11)2]nOCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nOCBr3;
      • xxiii) F, Cl, Br, I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
      • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
      • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
      • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
      • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
      • xxix) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxi) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xxxii) an R3a and an R3b unit from the same carbon atom can be taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising from 3 to 8 atoms;
      • xxxiii) an R3a or R3b unit from a first R2 unit can be taken together with an R3a or R3b unit from a second R2 unit to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising from 3 to 8 atoms;
      • xxxiv) and mixtures thereof;
      • wherein R4 units are the same as defined herein below, and any two R4 units can be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic ring comprising from 3-8 carbon atoms; R9 is R4, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and mixtures thereof; each R11 is hydrogen or R10; the index n has the value from 0 to 10.
        R4 units are hydrocarbyl units each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) any two R4 units can be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic ring comprising from 3-8 carbon atoms;
        R is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl unit selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) non-aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • b) aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • c) non-aromatic heterocyclic rings;
      • d) aromatic heterocyclic rings;
        W is a pendant unit having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00004
        wherein the index r is 0 or 1, and the index x is from 0 to 10;
        Q is:
      • a) hydrogen;
      • b) —N(R4)2;
      • c) —OR4;
      • d) a unit which comprises a substituted or unsubstituted unit selected from the group consisting of:
        • i) non-aromatic carbocyclic rings;
        • ii) aromatic carbocyclic rings;
        • iii) non-aromatic heterocyclic rings;
        • iv) aromatic heterocyclic rings;
        • wherein the number of rings is from 1 to 3;
          R5a and R5b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) —[C(R11)2]nCOR4;
      • iv) —[C(R11)2]nCOOR4;
      • v) —[C(R11)2]nCOCH═CH2;
      • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCON(R4)2;
      • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCONR4N(R4)2
      • ix) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
      • x) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
      • xi) —[C(R11)2]nCF3, —[C(R11)2]nCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nCBr3;
      • xii) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
      • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4COR4;
      • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
      • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
      • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
      • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
      • xix) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
      • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
      • xxi) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
      • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —[C(R11)2]nOCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nOCBr3;
      • xxiii) F, Cl, Br, I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
      • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
      • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
      • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
      • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
      • xxix) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxi) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xxxii) R5a and R5b can be taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising from 3 to 10 atoms;
      • xxxiv) and mixtures thereof;
        R4 units are the same as defined herein above, and any two R4 units can be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic ring comprising from 3-8 carbon atoms;
        R1 is substituted or unsubstituted C1-C12 linear or branched alkyl, C3-C8 cyclic alkyl, C2-C12 linear or branched alkenyl, or —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3; R9 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and mixtures thereof; the index n has the value from 0 to 10 as defined herein above;
  • A, A1, and A2 are ring components each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(═NR6)—, —C(═O)—, —C(═S)—, —C(R6)2—, —C(R6)2C(R6)2—, —CR6═, —N═, —NR6—, or two A units can be taken together with an adjacent atom or A unit to form a bond having the formula —N═N—, —N—NR6—, —CR6═N—, —C═N—, and mixtures thereof; the index j is 0 or 1;
  • R6 is hydrogen, R4, or the pendant unit W1 having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00005
    wherein the index r is equal to 0 or 1;
  • R7a and R7b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) —[C(R11)2]nCOR4;
      • iv) —[C(R11)2]nCOOR4;
      • v) —[C(R11)2]nCOCH═CH2;
      • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCON(R4)2;
      • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCONR4N(R4)2
      • ix) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
      • x) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
      • xi) —[C(R11)2]nCF3, —[C(R11)2]nCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nCBr3;
      • xii) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
      • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4COR4;
      • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
      • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
      • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
      • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
      • xix) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
      • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
      • xxi) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
      • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —[C(R11)2]nOCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nOCBr3;
      • xxiii) F, Cl, Br, I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
      • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
      • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
      • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
      • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
      • xxix) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxi) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xxxii) and mixtures thereof;
  • R8 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C3-C8 non-aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • iii) C6-C14 aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • iv) C1-C7 non-aromatic heterocyclic rings;
      • v) C3-C13 aromatic heterocyclic rings;
      • vi) —C(Y)R4;
      • vii) —C(Y)2R4;
      • viii) —C(Y)N(R4)2;
      • ix) —C(Y)NR4N(R4)2;
      • x) —CN;
      • xi) —CNO;
      • xii) —[C(R9)2]C(R9)2;
      • xiii) —N(R4)2;
      • xiv) —NR4CN;
      • xv) —NR4C(Y)R4;
      • xvi) —NR4C(Y)N(R4)2;
      • xvii) —NHN(R4)2;
      • xviii) —NHOR4;
      • xix) —NCS;
      • xx) —NO2;
      • xxi) —OR4;
      • xxii) —OCN;
      • xxiii) —OCF3, —OCCl3, —OCBr3;
      • xxiv) —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxv) —SCN;
      • xxvi) —SO3M;
      • xxvii) —OSO3M;
      • xxviii) —SO2N(R4)2;
      • xxix) —SO2R4;
      • xxx) —P(O)M2;
      • xxxi) —PO2;
      • xxxii) —P(O)(OM)2;
      • xxxiii) and mixtures thereof
        wherein R4 units are the same as defined herein above, and any two R4 units can be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic ring comprising from 3-8 carbon atoms.
  • These and other objects, features, and advantages will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the following detailed description and the appended claims. All percentages, ratios and proportions herein are by weight, unless otherwise specified. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius (° C.) unless otherwise specified. All documents cited are in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to melanocortin (MC) receptor ligands. The melanocortin (MC) class of peptides mediates a wide range of physiological effects. Synthetic peptides and peptide mimetics, which modulate the interaction of natural MC ligands have varying degrees of selectivity and binding. The present invention is directed to ligands that are selective for the MC4 receptor, or that are selective for both the MC4 and MC3 receptor while minimizing the interaction at the MC1, MC2, and MC5 receptors.
  • For the purposes of the present invention the term “hydrocarbyl” is defined herein as any organic unit or moiety which is comprised of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms. Included within the term hydrocarbyl are the heterocycles which are described herein below. Examples of various unsubstituted non-heterocyclic hydrocarbyl units include pentyl, 3-ethyloctanyl, 1,3-dimethylphenyl, cyclohexyl, cis-3-hexyl, 7,7-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]-heptan-1-yl, and naphth-2-yl.
  • Included within the definition of “hydrocarbyl” are the aromatic (aryl) and non-aromatic carbocyclic rings, non-limiting examples of which include cyclopropyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopentanyl, cyclohexanyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.1]-butanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.2]-pentanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.3]-hexanyl (thujanyl), bicyclo-[0.2.2]-hexanyl, bicyclo-[0.1.4]-heptanyl (caranyl), bicyclo-[2.2.1]-heptanyl (norboranyl), bicyclo-[0.2.4]-octanyl (caryophyllenyl), spiropentanyl, diclyclopentanespiranyl, decalinyl, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, indenyl, 2H-indenyl, azulenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluorenyl, acenaphthylenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, and the like.
  • The term “heterocycle” includes both aromatic (heteroaryl) and non-aromatic heterocyclic rings non-limiting examples of which include: pyrrolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, 2H-imidazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazoyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, 2H-pyran-2-one-yl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, piperazinyl, s-triazinyl, 4H-1,2-oxazinyl, 2H-1,3-oxazinyl, 1,4-oxazinyl, morpholinyl, azepinyl, oxepinyl, 4H-1,2-diazepinyl, indenyl 2H-indenyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, indolyl, 3H-indolyl, 1H-indolyl, benzoxazolyl, 2H-1-benzopyranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, 2H-1,4-benzoxazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, quinoxalinyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, and the like each of which can be substituted or unsubstituted.
  • An example of a unit defined by the term “alkylenearyl” is a benzyl unit having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00006
    whereas an example of a unit defined by the term “alkyleneheteroaryl” is a 2-picolyl unit having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00007
  • The terms “arylene” and “heteroarylene” relate to aryl and heteroaryl units which can serve as part of a linking group, for example, units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00008
    which represent an arylene and heteroarylene unit respectively.
  • The term “substituted” is used throughout the specification. The term “substituted” is defined herein as “encompassing moieties or units which can replace a hydrogen atom, two hydrogen atoms, or three hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbyl moiety. Also substituted can include replacement of hydrogen atoms on two adjacent carbons to form a new moiety or unit.” For example, a substituted unit that requires a single hydrogen atom replacement includes halogen, hydroxyl, and the like. A two hydrogen atom replacement includes carbonyl, oximino, and the like. A two hydrogen atom replacement from adjacent carbon atoms includes epoxy, and the like. Three hydrogen replacement includes cyano, and the like. An epoxide unit is an example of a substituted unit which requires replacement of a hydrogen atom on adjacent carbons. The term substituted is used throughout the present specification to indicate that a hydrocarbyl moiety, inter alia, aromatic ring, alkyl chain, can have one or more of the hydrogen atoms replaced by a substituent. When a moiety is described as “substituted” any number of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced. For example, 4-hydroxyphenyl is a “substituted aromatic carbocyclic ring”, (N,N-dimethyl-5-amino)octanyl is a “substituted C8 alkyl unit, 3-guanidinopropyl is a “substituted C3 alkyl unit,” and 2-carboxypyridinyl is a “substituted heteroaryl unit.”
  • The following are non-limiting examples of units, herein after also indicated as R10, which can serve as a replacement for hydrogen atoms when a hydrocarbyl unit is described as “substituted.” Non-limiting examples of R10 include:
  • i) —[C(R4)2]p(CH═CH)qR4; wherein p is from 0 to 12; q is from 0 to 12;
  • ii) —[C(R11)2]nC(X)R4;
  • iii) —[C(R11)2]nC(X)2R4;
  • iv) —[C(R11)2]nC(X)CH═CH2;
  • v) —[C(R11)2]nC(X)N(R4)2;
  • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(X)NR4N(R4)2;
  • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
  • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
  • ix) —CF3, —CCl3, —CBr3;
  • x) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
  • xi) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
  • xii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(X)R4;
  • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(X)N(R4)2;
  • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
  • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
  • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
  • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
  • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
  • xix) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
  • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —OCCl3, —OCBr3;
  • xxi) —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, and mixtures thereof;
  • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
  • xxiii) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
  • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
  • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
  • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
  • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
  • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
  • xxix) and mixtures thereof;
  • wherein R4 and R11 are defined herein below; M is hydrogen, or a salt forming cation; X is defined herein below. Suitable salt forming cations include, sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and the like. Non-limiting examples of an alkylenearyl unit include benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl. For the purposes of the present invention the term “substituted” on a chemical formula bearing an R10 moiety, for example the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00009
    will stand equally well for the substitution of one or more hydrogen atoms.
  • The compounds of the present invention include all enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds having the core scaffold represented by the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00010
    wherein L represents a linking unit each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) —(R2)p(CH═CH)q—;
      • b) —(R2)y(X)nC(Y)w(X)z(R2)y—;
      • c) —(R2)y(X)zS(Y)k(X)z(R2)y—;
      • d) —(R2)y(Z)mNR4(Z)m(R2)y—;
      • e) —(R2)y(O)zP(T)k(O)z(R2)y—;
        wherein T is ═O, —OR4, and mixtures thereof; wherein X is —O—, —S—, —NR4—; Y is ═O, ═S, ═NR4, —R4, and mixtures thereof; Z is ═N—, —NR4—, and mixtures thereof; the index k is from 0 to 2; the index m is 0 or 1; the index p is from 0 to 12; the index q is from 0 to 3; the index w is from 0 to 2; the index y is 0 or 1; the index z is 0 or 1.
  • Each R2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted methylene unit represented by the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00011
    wherein R3a and R3b are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) —[C(R11)2]nCOR4;
      • iv) —[C(R11)2]nCOOR4;
      • v) —[C(R11)2]nCOCH═CH2;
      • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCON(R4)2;
      • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCONR4N(R4)2
      • ix) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
      • x) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
      • xi) —[C(R11)2]nCF3, —[C(R11)2]nCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nCBr3;
      • xii) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
      • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4COR4;
      • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
      • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
      • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
      • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
      • xix) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
      • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
      • xxi) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
      • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —[C(R11)2]nOCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nOCBr3;
      • xxiii) F, Cl, Br, I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
      • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
      • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
      • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
      • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
      • xxix) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxi) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xxxii) an R3a and an R3b unit from the same carbon atom can be taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising from 3 to 8 atoms;
      • xxxiii) an R3a or R3b unit from a first R2 unit can be taken together with an R3a or R3b unit from a second R2 unit to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising from 3 to 8 atoms;
      • xxxiv) and mixtures thereof;
        R9 is R4, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and mixtures thereof; each R11 is hydrogen or R10; the index n has the value from 0 to 10.
  • R4 units are hydrocarbyl units each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof.
  • Throughout the present specification whenever two or more R4 units comprise a moiety as herein above, any two of said R4 units can be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic ring comprising from 3-8 carbon atoms, for example, a unit having the formula:
    —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;  vi)
    can represent a unit having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00012
    or a unit having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00013
  • One aspect of the linking units relates to peptide and peptide mimetic linking groups each of which are independently selected from units which are represented by the formula:
    —(R2)y(X)zC(Y)w(X)z(R2)y—
    wherein X is —NR4—; Y is ═O, ═NR4, and mixtures thereof, specific embodiments of which include L units selected from the group consisting of —CH2NR4CH2—; —NR4—; —NR4CH2—; —NR4C(O)NR4—; —NR4C(═NR4)NR4—.
  • Non-limiting examples of this aspect include a urea unit having the formula:
    —NHC(O)NH—
    an amide unit having the formula:
    —NHC(O)—
    or the formula:
    —NHC(O)R2—
    wherein R2 is C1-C4 alkylene;
    an amine unit having the formula:
    —NHR2—
    wherein R2 is C1-C4 alkylene;
    and a guanidine unit having the formula:
    —NHC(═NR4)NH—
    wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopentyl, benzyl, and mixtures thereof.
  • A second aspect of the linking groups of the present invention relates to linking units having the formula:
    —(R2)p(CH═CH)q—;  a)
    wherein the index q is 0 and the index p is 2 or greater thereby providing linking units having the formula:
    —[C(R3a)(R3b)]2—
    a first iteration of which relates to linking groups formed when the index p is equal to 2, non-limiting examples of which have the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00014
  • Another iteration of this aspect of linking units relates to L units which comprise one or more R3a and R3b units which can form a hydrogen bond, non-limiting examples of which include nitrogen atom containing units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00015
  • Another iteration of this aspect of the linking groups relates to R3a and R3b units which comprise a carbonyl unit, non-limiting examples of which include units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00016
  • A further aspect of L relates to sulfonamide linking unit having the formula:
    —NHSO2—
    said unit providing one aspect of W units as defined herein below.
  • The scaffolds for several of the Categories of melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention comprise linking units, L, selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) —C(O)—;
      • ii) —CH2—;
      • iii) —NH—;
      • iv) —HNC(O)—;
      • v) —C(O)NH—; and
      • vi) —O—.
        For example, melanocortin receptors ligands, which comprise the first aspect of Category II compounds as described further herein below, have the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00017
        and utilize the linking units —C(O)—; —CH2—; and —HNC(O)—. The formulator may select among any of the herein described linking units to connect or tether the functional units comprising the compounds of the present invention.
  • W is a pendant unit having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00018
    wherein the index r is 0 or 1 and the index x is from 0 to 10.
      • Q is:
      • a) hydrogen;
      • b) —N(R4)2;
      • c) —OR4;
      • d) a unit which comprises a substituted or unsubstituted unit selected from the group consisting of:
        • i) non-aromatic carbocyclic rings;
        • ii) aromatic carbocyclic rings;
        • iii) non-aromatic heterocyclic rings;
        • iv) aromatic heterocyclic rings;
        • wherein the number of rings is from 1 to 3;
  • R5a and R5b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) —[C(R11)2]nCOR4;
      • iv) —[C(R11)2]nCOOR4;
      • v) —[C(R11)2]nCOCH═CH2;
      • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCON(R4)2;
      • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCONR4N(R4)2
      • ix) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
      • x) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
      • xi) —[C(R11)2]nCF3, —[C(R11)2]nCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nCBr3;
      • xii) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
      • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4COR4;
      • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
      • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
      • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
      • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
      • xix) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
      • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
      • xxi) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
      • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —[C(R11)2]nOCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nOCBr3;
      • xxiii) F, Cl, Br, I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
      • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
      • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
      • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
      • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
      • xxix) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxi) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xxxii) R5a and R5b can be taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising from 3 to 10 atoms;
      • xxxiv) and mixtures thereof;
        R9 is R4, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and mixtures thereof; each R11 is hydrogen or R10; the index n has the value from 0 to 10.
  • The first aspect of W comprises units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00019
    wherein Q is hydrogen. A first iteration of this aspect utilizes the amide and amine linking units for L:
      • i) —NHC(O)—;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH2—; and
      • iii) —NHCH2—;
        which, when taken together with R5a and R5b units equal to hydrogen or C1-C4 linear or branched hydrocarbyl, provide W units which comprise alkyl and alkenyl amides and amines. Non-limiting examples of these alkyl and alkenyl amides and amines which comprise the first iteration of the first aspect of W units includes:
      • i) —NHC(O)CH3;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH2CH3;
      • iii) —NHC(O)(CH2)2CH3;
      • iv) —NHC(O)CH(CH3)2;
      • v) —NHC(O)CH(CH3)CH2CH3;
      • vi) —NHC(O)CH2CH(CH3)2;
      • vii) —NHC(O)(CH2)3CH3;
      • viii) —NHC(O)CH2CH═CHCH3; and
      • xix) —NHC(O)CH2CH2CH═CH2.
  • A second iteration of this aspect relates to R5a and R5b units said units also include from the definitions of R5a and R5b units above, the units:
      • iii) —COR4;
      • xii) —N(R4)2; and
      • xx) —OR4;
        wherein R4 is hydrogen and C1-C4 alkyl. Non-limiting examples of this iteration of the first aspect of W units include:
      • i) —NHC(O)CH(NH2)CH3;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH(NHCH3)CH3;
      • iii) —NHC(O)CH[N(CH3)2]CH3;
      • iv) —NHC(O)CH2CH(NH2)CH3;
      • v) —NHC(O)CH2CH(NHCH3)CH3;
      • vi) —NHC(O)CH(OH)CH3;
      • vii) —NHC(O)CH(OCH3)CH3;
      • viii) —NHC(O)CH2CH(OH)CH3;
      • xix) —NHC(O)CH2CH(OCH3)CH3; and
      • x) —NHC(O)CH2CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3.
  • The second aspect of W comprises units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00020
    wherein Q is —N(R4)2 and the index x is 1 or 2. A first iteration of this aspect utilizes the amide and amine linking units for L:
      • i) —NHC(O)—;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH2—; and
      • iii) —NHCH2—;
        which, when taken together with R5a and R5b units equal to hydrogen or C1-C4 linear or branched hydrocarbyl, provide W units which comprise alkyl and alkenyl amides and amines. Non-limiting examples of these alkyl and alkenyl amides and amines which comprise the first iteration of the second aspect of W units includes:
      • i) —NHC(O)CH2NH2;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH2NHCH3;
      • iii) —NHC(O)CH2N(CH3)2;
      • iv) —NHC(O)CH(CH3)NH2;
      • v) —NHC(O)C(CH3)2NH2;
      • vi) —NHC(O)CH(CH3)NHCH3;
      • vii) —NHC(O)CH(CH3)N(CH3)2; and
      • viii) —NHC(O)C(CH3)2N(CH3)2—.
  • A second iteration of this aspect relates to R5a and R5b units said units also include from the definitions of R5a and R5b units above, the units:
      • iii) —COR4;
      • xii) —N(R4)2; and
      • xx) —OR4;
        wherein R4 is hydrogen and C1-C4 alkyl. Non-limiting examples of this iteration of the second aspect of W units include:
      • i) —NHC(O)CH2CH(NH2)2; (x=2)
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH(CH3)CH(NH2)2; (x=2)
      • iii) —NHC(O)CH(CH2CH2OH)CH2NH2; (x=2)
      • iv) —NHC(O)CH2CH(CH3)NH2; (x=2)
      • v) —NHC(O)C(CH3)(CH2CH3)NH2; (x=1) and
      • vi) —NHC(O)C(CH2CH3)2NH2; (x=1).
  • The third aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00021
    wherein Q is —N(R4)2, R4 is —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3; the index n is from 0 to 10; and the index x is 1 or 2. A first iteration of this aspect utilizes the amide and amine linking units for L:
      • i) —NHC(O)—;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CH2—; and
      • iii) —NHCH2—;
        non-limiting examples of this iteration of the third aspect of W units include:
      • i) —NHC(O)CFH2;
      • ii) —NHC(O)CF2H;
      • iii) —NHC(O)CF3;
      • iv) —NHC(O)CH2CF2H;
      • v) —NHC(O)CH2CF3; and
      • vi) —NHC(O)CClH2.
  • A second iteration of this aspect utilizes the amine linking unit for L:
      • i) —NH—;
        non-limiting examples of this iteration of the third aspect of W units include:
      • i) —NHCFH2;
      • ii) —NHCF2H; and
      • iii) —NHCF3.
  • The fourth aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00022
    wherein L can comprise any iteration of the linking unit —(X)nC(Y)w(X)n— wherein each X is —NH—; Y is ═O or ═NH; each index z is independently 0 or 1; the index w is 1 or 2; R5a and R5b are each independently:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) —COR4;
      • iii) —COOR4;
      • iv) —N(R4)2;
      • v) —CON(R4)2; or
      • vi) —NHCOR4;
        and Q units are heterocycles comprising from 4 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • The first iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, and quinolin-4-yl units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00023
  • The second iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted isoquinolin-1-yl, isoquinolin-3-yl, and 1soquinolin-4-yl units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00024
  • The third iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted [5,6] fused ring systems, inter alia, 1H-indolin-3-yl having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00025
  • The fourth iteration of Q units according to the third aspect of W units relates to substituted and unsubstituted, saturated and unsaturated 5-member nitrogen containing rings selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) imidazolidines having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00026
      • ii) pyrrolines having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00027
      • iii) imidazoles having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00028
      • iv) imidazolines having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00029
      • v) pyrazolines having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00030
      • vi) 1H-[1,2,4]triazoles having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00031
        wherein any of the above Q units can optionally be bonded through or substituted at a nitrogen atom.
  • The fifth iteration of the fourth aspect of Q units relates to heterocycles which comprise more than one type of heteroatom or which are saturated ring, non-limiting examples of which include, morpholine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, dioxane, imidazoline, pyrazolidine, piperidine, and the like.
  • The fifth aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00032
    wherein L comprises linking units having the formula:
    —[C(R3)2]p(CH═CH)q—; or  a)
    —(X)zC(Y)w(X)z—;  b)
    wherein each X is —NH—; Y is ═O or ═NH; the index p is from 0 to 12; the index q is 0 or 1; each index z is independently 0 or 1; the index w is 1 or 2; R5a and R5b are each independently:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) —COR4;
      • iii) —COOR4;
      • iv) —N(R4)2;
      • v) —CON(R4)2; or
      • vi) —NHCOR4;
        and Q units are substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted aryl units comprising from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • The first iteration of this aspect relates to W units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00033
    wherein R10 comprises one or more substitutions for hydrogen, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxy. Non-limiting examples of W units which comprise this first iteration of the fifth aspect of W units include, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acrylamido, 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-acrylamido, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-acrylamido, and the like. This aspect also includes the unsubstituted example, 3-phenyl-acrylamido.
  • The second iteration of this aspect relates to W units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00034
    wherein R10 comprises one or more substitutions for hyrdrogen, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxy. Non-limiting examples of W units which comprise this first iteration of the fifth aspect of W units include, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionamido, 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionamido, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionamido, and the like. This aspect also includes the unsubstituted example, 3-phenyl-propionamido.
  • The sixth aspect of W units according to the present invention relates to units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00035
    wherein L can comprise any iteration of the linking unit —(X)nC(Y)w(X)n— wherein each X is —NH—; Y is ═O or ═NH; each index z is independently 0 or 1; the index w is 1 or 2; R5a and R5b are each independently:
      • i) hydrogen; or
      • ii) C1-C10 substiuted or unsubstitued, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl;
        and Q units are heterocycles comprising from 4 to 9 carbon atoms as described for the fourth aspect of Q.
  • The eighth aspect of W units comprises units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00036
    wherein R5a and R5b are taken together to form a ring selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • A first iteration of this aspect relates to units wherein Q is —NH2 non-limiting examples of which include W units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00037
    which are further exemplified herein below.
  • The ninth aspect of W units comprises sulfonamide linking units, said W units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00038
  • R is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl unit selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) non-aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • b) aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • c) non-aromatic heterocyclic rings;
      • d) aromatic heterocyclic rings;
        wherein said units which substitute for hydrogen on the rings which comprise R units are selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) C1-C20 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl;
      • ii) halogen;
      • iii) —N(R4)2;
      • iv) —COR4;
      • v) —COOR4;
      • vi) cyano;
      • vii) nitro;
      • viii) hydroxyl;
      • ix) C1-C4 alkoxy;
      • x) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xi) and mixtures thereof;
        wherein R4, R9 and the index n are defined herein above.
  • A first aspect of R units relates to substituted and non-substituted aryl units, said units comprising phenyl, benzyl, naphthylen-2-yl, and naphthylen-2-ylmethyl.
  • A first iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 4-hydroxyphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, and 4-acetoxyphenyl.
  • A second iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are selected from the group consisting of naphthylen-1-yl, 2-naphthylen-2-yl, naphthalen-1-ylmethyl, naphthalen-2-ylmethyl, and 1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-ylmethyl.
  • A second aspect of R units relates to substituted and non-substituted heteroaryl units wherein R units comprise substituted or unsubstituted quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, and tetrahydroisoquinolinyl.
  • A fist iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolinyl and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl.
  • A second iteration of this aspect encompasses R units which are 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl and 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl.
  • Another aspect of R relates to phenyl rings comprising a C1-C4 alkyl unit, non-limiting examples or which include 4-methylphenyl, 2,4-dimethylphenyl, as well as mixed alkyl rings, inter alia, 2-methyl-4-isopropyl.
  • A yet further aspect of R relates to substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl rings selected from the group consisting of thiophenyl, furanyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, and pyridinyl.
  • R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted unit selected form the group consisting of:
      • i) C1-C12 linear or branched alkyl;
      • ii) C3-C8 cyclic alkyl;
      • iii) C2-C12 linear or branched alkenyl; and
      • iv) —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3.
        Wherein R9 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and mixtures thereof; and the units which can substitute for hydrogen are defined herein above; the index n has the value from 0 to 10.
  • A first aspect of R1 relates to unsubstituted lower alkyl (C1-C4) R1 units, for example, methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl (1-methylpropyl), allyl, and the like.
  • A second aspect of R1 relates to the unsubstituted C5-C8 linear alkyl units: n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, and n-octyl.
  • A third aspect of R1 relates to unsubstituted cyclic alkyl, for example, cyclopropyl, 2-methyl-cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutyl, 2-methylcyclobutyl, 3-methylcyclobutyl, cyclobutylmethyl, 2-cyclobutylethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, and the like.
  • A fourth aspect of R1 relates to substituted units which are haloalkyl units, for example, a first iteration relates to R1 units selected from the group consisting of —CF3, —CHF2, —CH2F, —CF2CF3, and —CCl3.
  • A fifth aspect of R1 relates to substituted lower alkyl units. A first iteration of this aspect relates to R1 units which are substituted with alkoxy units, for example, R1 units selected from the group consisting of methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, methoxypropyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, propoxymethyl, propoxyethyl, and propoxypropyl.
  • Melanocortin Receptor Ligand Ring Scaffolds
  • The scaffolds of the present invention, represented by the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00039
    each comprise a nitrogen-containing ring, said ring further comprising A, A1, and A2 ring components each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(═NR6)—, —C(═O)—, —C(═S)—, —C(R6)2—, —C(R6)2C(R6)2—, —CR6═, —N═, —NR6—, or two A units can be taken together with an adjacent atom or another A unit to form a bond having the formula —N═N—, —N—NR6—, —CR6═N—, —C═N—, and mixtures thereof; the index j is equal to 0 or 1.
  • For example, A comprises —C(═O)—, A1 unit comprises —C(R6)2—, and A2 unit comprises —NR6—, therefore providing a keto-piperazine scaffold having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00040
    wherein R6 is defined herein below.
  • R6 is hydrogen, R4, or the pendant unit W1 having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00041
    wherein the index r is equal to 0 or 1;
  • R7a and R7b are each independently selected from the group consisting of
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C1-C12 hydrocarbyl selected from the group consisting of:
        • a) C1-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
        • b) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
        • c) C2-C12 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl;
        • d) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl;
        • e) C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
        • f) C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl;
        • g) C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
        • h) and mixtures thereof;
      • iii) —[C(R11)2]nCOR4;
      • iv) —[C(R11)2]nCOOR4;
      • v) —[C(R11)2]nCOCH═CH2;
      • vi) —[C(R11)2]nC(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • vii) —[C(R11)2]nCON(R4)2;
      • viii) —[C(R11)2]nCONR4N(R4)2
      • ix) —[C(R11)2]nCN;
      • x) —[C(R11)2]nCNO;
      • xi) —[C(R11)2]nCF3, —[C(R11)2]nCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nCBr3;
      • xii) —[C(R11)2]nN(R4)2;
      • xiii) —[C(R11)2]nNR4COR4;
      • xiv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4CN;
      • xv) —[C(R11)2]nNR4C(═NR4)N(R4)2;
      • xvi) —[C(R11)2]nNHN(R4)2;
      • xvii) —[C(R11)2]nNHOR4;
      • xviii) —[C(R11)2]nNCS;
      • xix) —[C(R11)2]nNO2;
      • xx) —[C(R11)2]nOR4;
      • xxi) —[C(R11)2]nOCN;
      • xxii) —[C(R11)2]nOCF3, —[C(R11)2]nOCCl3, —[C(R11)2]nOCBr3;
      • xxiii) F, Cl, Br, I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxiv) —[C(R11)2]nSO3M;
      • xxv) —[C(R11)2]nOSO3M;
      • xxvi) —[C(R11)2]nSCN;
      • xxvii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2N(R4)2;
      • xxviii) —[C(R11)2]nSO2R4;
      • xxix) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxi) haloalkyl having the formula —[C(R9)2]nC(R9)3;
      • xxxii) and mixtures thereof;
        R4 is the same as defined herein above; R9 is R4, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and mixtures thereof; each R11 is hydrogen or R10; the index n has the value from 0 to 10.
  • R8 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) C3-C8 non-aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • iii) C6-C14 aromatic carbocyclic rings;
      • iv) C1-C7 non-aromatic heterocyclic rings;
      • V) C3-C13 aromatic heterocyclic rings;
      • vi) —C(Y)R4;
      • vii) —C(Y)2R4;
      • viii) —C(Y)N(R4)2;
      • ix) —C(Y)NR4N(R4)2;
      • x) —CN;
      • xi) —CNO;
      • xii) —[C(R9)2]C(R9)2;
      • xiii) —N(R4)2;
      • xiv) —NR4CN;
      • xv) —NR4C(Y)R4;
      • xvi) —NR4C(Y)N(R4)2;
      • xvii) —NHN(R4)2;
      • xviii) —NHOR4;
      • xix) —NCS;
      • xx) —NO2;
      • xxi) —OR4;
      • xxii) —OCN;
      • xxiii) —OCF3, —OCCl3, —OCBr3;
      • xxiv) —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, and mixtures thereof;
      • xxv) —SCN;
      • xxvi) —SO3M;
      • xxvii) —OSO3M;
      • xxviii) —SO2N(R4)2;
      • xxix) —SO2R4;
      • xxx) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)R4;
      • xxxi) —[C(R11)2]nP(O)(OR4)2;
      • xxxii) and mixtures thereof;
      • wherein R4, M, Y, and the index x are the same as defined herein above.
  • The first aspect of W1 relates to units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00042
    wherein R8 is a unit selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) C6-C14 aromatic carbocyclic rings: (group (iii) above); or
      • b) C3-C13 aromatic heterocyclic rings: (group (v) above);
        and R7a is selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) hydrogen;
      • b) —COR4;
      • c) —COOR4;
      • d) —CON(R4)2; and
      • e) —N(R4)2;
        wherein for this aspect of R8 each R4 is independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, methoxy, and mixtures thereof. The index x is equal to 1 or 2.
  • R8 units which are suitable for use in this aspect of W1 include units selected from the group consisting of (2-fluorophenyl)methyl, (3-fluorophenyl)methyl, (4-fluorophenyl)methyl, (2,3-difluorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-difluorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-difluorophenyl)methyl, (3,5-difluorophenyl)-methyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3-chlorophenyl)methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (3,5-dichlorophenyl)-methyl, and naphthalene-2-ylmethyl.
  • Iterations of this aspect of the present invention relate to units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00043
    and encompass scaffolds wherein R7a is an amide, for example, compounds having the following formulae:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00044
    and to scaffolds wherein R7a and R7b are each hydrogen, for example:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00045
  • The second aspect of W1 units comprise R7a units which are short chain alkyl or alkenyl (lower hydrocarbyl) esters having the formula:
    —C(O)OR4;
    non-limiting examples of which are —C(O)OCH3; —C(O)OCH2CH3; —C(O)OCH2CH2CH3; —C(O)OCH2CH2CH2CH3; —C(O)OCH(CH3)2; —C(O)OCH2CH(CH3)2; —C(O)OCH2CH═CHCH3; —C(O)OCH2CH2CH(CH3)2; —C(O)OCH2C(CH3)3; and the like; and short chain substituted or non-substituted amides having the formula:
    —C(O)NHR4 or —NHC(O)R4
    non-limiting examples of which are —C(O)NHCH3; —C(O)NHCH2CH3; —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2; —C(O)NHCH2CH2CH3; —C(O)NHCH2CH2CH2CH3; —C(O)NHCH2CH(CH3)2; —C(O)NH2; —C(O)NHCH2CH═CHCH3; —C(O)NHCH2CH2CH(CH3)2; —C(O)NHCH2C(CH3)3; C(O)NHCH2CH2SCH3; —C(O)NHCH2CH2OH; —NHC(O)CH3; —NHC(O)CH2CH3; —NHC(O)—CH2CH2CH3; and the like.
  • The third aspect of W1 units comprise units which are guanidine and guanidine mimetics having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00046
    and R7a is a unit selected from the group consisting of:
      • a) —C(Y)N(R12)2;
      • b) —C(Y)NR12N(R13)2;
      • c) —NR12C(Y)N(R13)2; and
      • d) —NHN(R2)2;
        wherein Y is ═O, ═S, ═NR14, and mixtures thereof, R12, R13 and R14 are each independently hydrogen, methyl, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, and mixtures thereof; the index x is from 0 to 5; and
        R8 is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3-chlorophenyl)-methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (2-fluorophenyl)-methyl, (3-fluorophenyl)methyl, (4-fluorophenyl)methyl, and naphthalen-2-ylmethyl.
  • Another iteration of this aspect relates to W1 units wherein R7a is selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) hydrogen;
      • ii) —CO2H;
      • iii) —CO2CH3;
      • iv) —CONH2;
      • v) —CONHCH3;
      • vi) —CON(CH3)2;
      • vii) —CONH(CH2CH2F);
      • viii) —CONCH(CH3)2;
      • ix) —CONH(C3H5);
      • x) —CONHCH2(C3H5);
        and R8 is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3-chlorophenyl-)methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (2-fluorophenyl)-methyl, (3-fluorophenyl)methyl, (4-fluorophenyl)methyl, and naphthalen-2-ylmethyl.
  • A further aspect of W1 relates to A, A1, or A2 units which comprise a NR6— unit and R6 has the formula —CH2R8 wherein R8 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, and naphth-2-yl.
  • Non-limiting examples of W1 wherein R7a units have the formula:
    —NR12C(NR14)N(R13)2;
    are selected from the group consisting of:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00047
  • The fourth aspect of the present invention as it relates to W1 units are the 5-member ring W1 units having the formula:
    —(CHn)x—R8
    wherein the index x is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and R8 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • i) triazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00048
      • ii) tetrazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00049
      • iii) thiazolyl, 2-methylthiazolyl, 4-mentylthiazolyl, 5-methylthiazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00050
      • iv) 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00051
      • v) 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, 3-methyl-1,2,5-thiadiazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00052
      • vi) oxazolyl, 2-methyloxazolyl, 4-methyloxazolyl, 5-methyloxazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00053
      • vii) imidazolyl, 2-methylimidazolyl, 5-methylimidazolyl having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00054
      • viii) 5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 2-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 5-amino-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00055
      • ix) 1,2-dihydro[1,2,4]triazol-3-one-1-yl, 2-methyl-1,2-dihydro[1,2,4]triazol-3-one-5-yl, having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00056
      • x) oxazolidin-2-one-3-yl; 4,4-dimethyloxazolidin-2-one-3-yl; imidazolidin-2-one-1-yl; 1-methylimidazolidin-2-one-1-yl, having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00057
      • xi) 2-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, having the formula:
        Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00058
  • A fourth aspect of W1 of this first category of receptor ligands relates to R5 units comprising substituted an unsubstituted, saturated and unsaturated six-member rings having at least one nitrogen, non limiting examples of which include pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-triazinyl, piperidinyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, and the like.
  • A fifth aspect of W1 of this first category of receptor ligands relates to R5 units comprising
    substituted and unsubstituted fused ring heterocycles for example, quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, and quinolin-4-yl units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00059
    substituted and unsubstituted isoquinolin-1-yl, isoquinolin-3-yl, and 1soquinolin-4-yl units having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00060
    and unsubstituted [5,6] fused ring systems, inter alia, 1H-indolin-3-yl having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00061
  • The analogs (compounds) of the present invention are arranged into several categories to assist the formulator in applying a rational synthetic strategy for the preparation of analogs which are not expressly exampled herein. The arrangement into categories does not imply increased or decreased efficacy for any of the compositions of matter described herein. The melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention are differentiated into categories depending upon the ring A unit selections. However, preparation strategies and synthetic routes suitable for one ring scaffold may be suitable or adaptable to other ring systems or ring substituents.
  • Non-limiting examples of categories of the present invention include Category I analogs comprising a 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines the first aspect of which has the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00062
    Category II analogs comprise a 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazine having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00063
    Category III relates to 3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00064
    Category IV comprises 2-hydrocarbyl-pyrrolidines having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00065
  • Other non-limiting examples of scaffolds according to the present invention include:
    2-hydrocarbyl-4-□-aminohydrocarbyl-piperazine having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00066
    2-hydrocarbyl-4,4-disubstituted-piperidine having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00067
    2-hydrocarbyl-4,4-disubstituted-piperidine having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00068
    2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-[1,4]diazepane having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00069
  • Category I melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00070
  • The first aspect of Category I comprises analogs wherein W is —NH2, said analogs having a scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00071
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a and R8 are provided herein below in Table I.
    TABLE I
    No. R1 R7a R8
    1 methyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    2 ethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    3 propyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    4 iso-propyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5 butyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    6 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    7 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    8 allyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    9 but-2-enyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    10 propargyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    11 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    12 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    13 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    14 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    15 butyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    16 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    17 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    18 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    19 but-2-enyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    20 propargyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    21 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    22 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    23 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    24 iso-propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    25 butyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    26 cyclopropyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    27 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    28 allyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    29 but-2-enyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    30 propargyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    31 methyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    32 ethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    33 propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    34 iso-propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    35 butyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    36 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    37 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    38 allyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    39 but-2-enyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    40 propargyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    41 methyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    42 ethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    43 propyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    44 iso-propyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    45 butyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    46 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    47 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    48 allyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    49 but-2-enyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    50 propargyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    51 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    52 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    53 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    54 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    55 butyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    56 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    57 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    58 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    59 but-2-enyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    60 propargyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    61 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    62 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    63 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    64 iso-propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    65 butyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    66 cyclopropyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    67 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    68 allyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    69 but-2-enyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    70 propargyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    71 methyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    72 ethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    73 propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    74 iso-propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    75 butyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    76 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    77 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    78 allyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    79 but-2-enyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    80 propargyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the first aspect of Category I can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme I.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00072
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00073
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00074
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00075
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00076
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00077
    • EXAMPLE 1 2-{3-Allyl-4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (9)
  • Preparation of (S,S)-2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (1): To a solution of 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid (3.8 g, 18.0 mmol) and 2-(S)-amino-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (4.1 g, 18.0 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) are added 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (3.1 g, 23.4 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (9.1 g, 90.0 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (4.5 g, 23.4 mmol) consecutively and the reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours. The reaction is quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 6.4 g (84% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of (S,S)-2-(2-amino-pent-4-enoylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (2): To a solution of (S,S)-2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 1, (6.2 g, 14.64 mmol) in methylene chloride (40 mL) is added trifluoroacetic acid (5 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours and the solvent and excess trifluoroacetic acid are removed under in vacuo. The residue is dried under high vacuum for several hours and 6.35 g of the crude trifluoroacetate salt of the desired product is obtained, which is used without further purification.
  • Preparation of (S,S)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-2-[2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-pent-4-enoylamino]-propionic acid methyl ester (3): To a solution of (S,S)-2-(2-amino-pent-4-enoylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester salt, 2, (4.2 g) in CHCl3 (50 mL) are added triethyl amine (3.8 g, 38 mmol) and 2-nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride (2.5 g, 11.5 mmol). The reaction is stirred for 10 hours then quenched with 10% aqueous HCl. The solvent is decanted, and the aqueous phase is extracted with ethyl acetate, the organic layers combined, dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford a crude residue which is purified over silica (hexanes/EtOAc, 3:2) to afford 3.84 g of the desired product.
  • Preparation of (S,S)-2-[3-Allyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (4): To a solution of (S,S)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-2-[2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-pent-4-enoylamino]-propionic acid methyl ester, 3, (3.6 g, 7.0 mmol) and 1,2-dibromoethane (13.2 g, 70.0 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) is added potassium carbonate (9.6 g, 70.0 mmol). The reaction suspension was stirred at 65° C. for 12 h, quenched with 10% aqueous HCl and extracted with EtOAc. The extract is dried over Na2SO4, concentrated and the residue purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:2) to afford 3.7 g (97% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of (S,S)-2-(3-allyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (5): To a solution of (S,S)-2-[3-allyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 4, (4.8 g, 8.9 mmol) and 4-mercaptophenol (4.5 g, 35.7 mmol) in DMF (35 mL) is added potassium carbonate (7.4 g, 53.4 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred 18 hours then quenched with saturated NaHCO3 solution and extracted with EtOAc (200 mL). The extract is dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to afford a bright yellow oil which is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:1 to EtOAc/MeOH, 10:1) to afford 2.45 g (79% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of (S)-2-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (6): To a solution of (S,S)-2-(3-allyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 5, (500 mg, 1.42 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5.0 mL) are added 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionic acid (473 mg, 1.67 mmol), benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidinol-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (960 mg, 1.85 mmol) and triethylamine (169 mg, 1.67 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 20 h, quenched with 10% NaHCO3 aqueous solution and extracted with EtOAc. The extract is dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 4:1 to 3:2) to afford 0.745 g (85% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of (S)-2-{3-(S)-Allyl-4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (7):
  • To a solution of (S)-2-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 6, (200 mg, 0.324 mmol) in a mixture of THF (1 mL)/CH3OH (0.5 mL)/H2O (0.5 mL) is added LiOH (43 mg, 1.78 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, acidified with 1N HCl to pH 3 and extracted with EtOAc. The extract is dried over Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated and dried under high vacuum to afford the desired product in quantitative yield, which is used without further purification.
  • Preparation of (2-(R)-{2-(S)-allyl-4-[1-(S)-(methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)]-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (8): To a solution of (S)-2-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid, 7, (195 mg) in DMF (3 mL) are added methylamine (2M, 0.175 mL, 0.35 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (57 mg, 0.42 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (162 mg, 1.6 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (80 mg, 0.42 mmol) consecutively and the reaction mixture is stirred 18 hours. The reaction is then quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 0.183 g (88% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (9): To a solution of (2-(R)-{2-(S)-allyl-4-[1-(S)-(methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)]-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 8, (32 mg, 0.052 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (1 mL) is added trifluoroacetic acid. The reaction mixture is stirred for 45 min, concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford 27 mg of the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired product.
  • In the above example for the preparation of analogs encompassed by the first aspect of Category 1,2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid is used for the preparation of compound 1. Other analogs encompassed within the first aspect of Category I wherein R1 comprises other units as defined herein above, can be prepared by substituting the appropriate starting material in place of 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid, for example, 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionic acid, 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-butyric acid, 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pentanoic acid, 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-methyl-butyric acid, 2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-cyclopropyl-propionic acid, and the like. The formulator may also choose to prepare rings which comprise the opposite stereochemistry, for example, those derived from the use of 2-(R)-tert-butoxy-carbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid or, as a further iteration, the formulator may wish to provide a racemic mixture, for example, an analog derived from 2-(R,S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid.
  • As described herein above and as exemplified in both Table I and Scheme I, the formulator may choose to substitute for naphthylen-2-ylmethyl (R8 units). Non-limiting examples of suitable groups include benzyl, 3-methoxybenzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 3-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl, 2-fluorobenzyl, 3-fluorobenzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, 2,4-difluorobenzyl, 3,5-difluorobenzyl, 3,4-difluorobenzyl, 2-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 3-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 3-methylbenzyl, 4-methylbenzyl, 4-phenylbenzyl, isoquinolin-6-yl, indol-2-yl, indol-3-yl, and the like.
  • In addition, the R7a unit may include, for example, —CH2C(O)NH2, —CH2C(O)N(CH3)2, —C(O)N(CH3)2, —C(O)NH2, —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F), —C(O)NHCH2(C3H5), and the like.
  • In addition, R units can be modified to reflect the choice of the formulator, for example, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionic acid can be replaced by 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid to replace the 4-fluorophenyl R unit with the 4-chlorophenyl R unit. Non-limiting examples of other suitable replacements include 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(3-fluorophenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-methylphenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)propionic acid, and the like.
  • These changes and iterations can be made by replacement of one or more reagents or starting materials described herein above in Scheme I.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of compounds which comprise the first aspect of Category I analogs.
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □8.02-8.22 (m, 0.4H), 6.95-7.50 (m, 7H), 5.52 (dd, J=11.5, 5.2 Hz, 0.75H), 5.41 (dd, J=10.8, 6.3 Hz, 0.25H), 4.02-4.76 (m, 1.3H), 4.28-4.46 (m, 0.7H), 3.40-3.74 (m, 2H), 2.66 3.30 (m, 9H), 1.12-1.44 (m, 2H), 0.86-1.08 m, 0.6H), 0.75-0.85 (m, 4.4H); MS (ESMS) m/z 537.2, 539.2, 541.2 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: MS (ESMS) m/z 563.5 (M+H)+.
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 6.90˜7.90 (m, 11H), 5.30˜5.60 (m, 1H), 2.60˜4.00 (m, 13H), 0.80˜1.60 (m, 2H), −0.49˜0.2 (m, 5H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 531 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.00˜8.00 (m, 11H), 4.57 (m, 1H), 4.10˜4.30 (m, 2H), 2.60˜3.75 (m, 12H), 1.85 (bs, 2H), 1.25˜1.50 (m, 2H), 0.40˜0.60 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 592 (M+1).
  • 3-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-4-naphthalen-2-yl-butyramide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 6.80˜7.80 (m, 11H), 2.40˜3.60 (m, 16H), 0.92 (m, 2H), 0.32 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 75 mHz) 172.01, 168.22, 167.37, 134.53, 133.59, 132.64, 131.56, 131.47, 129.46, 128.50, 127.94, 127.54, 127.16, 126.15, 116.18, 115.89, 56.38, 51.07, 41.18, 39.00, 38.46, 37.87, 37.27, 34.33, 31.22, 26.58, 18.80, 13.55; MS (ES-MS) m/z 533 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 7.00˜8.00 (m, 11H), 4.57 (m, 1H), 4.10˜4.30 (m, 2H), 2.60˜3.75 (m, 12H), 1.85 (bs, 2H), 1.25˜1.50 (m, 2H), 0.40˜0.60 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 592 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.85-7.54, (m, 4H); 7.54-7.37, (m, 3H); 7.28-7.17, (m, 2H); 7.07-6.96, (m, 2H); 4.67-4.55, (m, 1H); 3.65-2.93, (m, 10H); 2.86-2.69, (m, 4H); 1.89-1.84, (m, 2H), 1.04-0.78, (m, 2H); 0.63-0.26, (m, 4H). 13C NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 171.02, 170.91, 168.77, 167.03, 167.00, 164.32, 161.06, 134.27, 133.73, 132.80, 131.52, 131.41, 131.06, 129.93, 128.12, 127.60, 127.49, 127.32, 127.02, 126.24, 125.71, 115.76, 115.48, 56.28, 56.15, 50.71, 46.25, 46.17, 41.49, 41.32, 36.60, 34.41, 34.23, 26.26, 26.14, 25.26, 18.41, 18.38, 12.58. MS(ESI) m/e 519 [M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.84-7.68, m, 4H, 7.50-7.31, m, 5H, 7.15-7.08, m, 2H, 4.77-4.57, m, 2H, 4.42-4.34, m, 1H; 4.27-4.17, m, 1H, 4.11-4.05, m, 0.5H, 3.82-2.79, m, 11H; 2.59-2.52, m, 0.5H, 1.77-1.30, m, 2.5H, 1.21-1.13, m, 2H, 0.85-0.83, t, (J=7.13 Hz), 3H; 13C NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 170.76, 169.75, 169.54, 134.16, 133.80, 132.78, 132.65, 132.32, 131.76, 131.59, 130.02, 127.99, 127.49, 126.06, 125.65, 115.84, 115.71, 115.55, 82.86, 82.73, 69.53, 69.25, 52.75, 50.88, 50.43, 49.44, 40.36, 39.69, 39.44, 36.63, 34.12, 33.87, 31.89, 31.02, 19.19, 19.02, 12.95, 12.85. MS(ESI) m/e 536 [M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3R-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3 S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3S-thiazol-4-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 8.94 (d, H, J=1.52 Hz) 7.49-7.41 (m, 3H) 7.28-7.08 (m, 2H) 7.01 (t, 1H, J=8.71 Hz) 5.52 (q, 1H, J=6.95 Hz) 4.76 (t, 1H, J=6.69 Hz) 4.68 (t, 1H, J=7.60 Hz) 3.76-3.64 (m, 2H) 3.62-3.46 (m, 2H) 3.17-3.01 (m, 4H) 2.74 (s, 3H) 1.54-29 (m, 2H) 1.08-0.91 (m, 2H) 0.85 (t, 3H, J=7.58 Hz) MS (ESD m/z 475 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3R-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3 S-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3S-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR(CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    7.80-7.68 (m, 3H) 7.59-7.55 (m, 1H) 7.49-7.41 (m, 2H) 7.19-7.07 (m, 2H) 6.96 (t, 3H, J=8.38 Hz) 6.42 (d, 1H, J=7.57 Hz) 5.51-5.42 (m, 1H) 3.69-2.78 (m, 11H) 1.18 (d, 2H, J=6.566 Hz) 1.09-1.00 (m, 6H) 0.3-0.1 (m, 5H) MS (ESI) m/z 559 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-isopropyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD,300 MHz) □ 7.50-6.97 (m, 7H) 5.49-5.38 (m, 1H) 4.63-4.60 (m, 1H) 4.21-4.37 (m, 1H) 4.08-3.85 (m, 1H) 3.74-3.61 (m, 2H) 3.44-2.89 (m, 6H) 1.48-1.09 (m, 10H) 0.93-0.77(m, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 565 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-isopropyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD,300 MHz) □ 7.42-6.93 (m, 8H) 5.59-5.43 (m, 1H) 4.73-4.61 (m, 1H) 4.06-3.88 (m, 2H) 3.72-3.53 (M, 4H) 3.42-3.21 (m, 2H) 3.14-2.91 (m, 2H) 1.48-0.74 (m, 13H) MS (ESI) m/z 531 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(3-cyano-phenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD,300 MHz) □ 7.67-6.54 (m, 3H) 7.52-7.43 (m, 1H) 7.38-7.18 (m, 2H) 7.16-6.94 (m, 2H) 5.58-5.38 (m, 1H) 4.75-4.60 (m, 1H) 4.38-4.27 (m, 1H) 3.76-3.63 (m, 2H) 3.62-3.43 (m, 2H) 3.20-3.01 (m, 2H) 2.98-2.86 (m, 2H) 2,74 (s, 3H) 1.45-1.14 (m, 4H) 0.93-0.74 (m, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 494 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD,300 MHz) □ 7.32 (q, 2H, J=1.97 Hz) 7.12 (t, 2H, J=8.74) 6.87-6.71 (m, 3H) 5.51 (q, 1H, J=5.50 Hz) 4.70-4.58 (m, 1H) 3.85-3.76 (m, 6H) 3.68-3.45 (m, 1H) 3.28-2.79 (m, 8H) 2.74 (s, 3H) 1.39-1.06 (m, 4H) 0.86-0.72 (m, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 529 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-p-tolyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.28-6.82(m, 8H) 6.42(d, 1H, J=7.68 Hz) 5.88(d, 1H, J=6.72) 5.39-5.09 (m, 2H) 4.78-4.51(m, 2H) 4.09-3.73 (m, 4H) 3.55-2.60 (m, 6H) 2.52-2.15 (m, 6H) 1.43-0.59 (m, 7H) MS (ESI) m/z 511 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-ethyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD,300 MHz) □ 7.39-6.97 (m, 8H) 5.53-5.35 (m, 2H) 5.02-4.58(m, 4H) 3.71-2.87(m, 10H) 1.50-0.55 (m, 10H) MS (ESI) m/z 517(M+H+, 100).
  • N-Allyl-2-{4-[2-amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.92-6.92 (m, 11H) 5.98-5.52 (m, 5H) 5.31-5.05 (m, 3H) 4.68-4.42 (m, 2H) 3.92-2.70 (m, 6H) 1.20-0.21 (m, 7H) MS (ESI) m/z 545(M+H+, 100).
  • N-Allyl-2-{4-[2-amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.98-6.92 (m, 11H) 5.75-5.40 (m, 3H) 5.05-4.00 (m, 2H) 3.82-2.78 (m, 11H) 1.38-0.28 (m, 7H) MS (ESI) m/z 601 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.35-6.85 (m, 8H), 5.52 (m, 1H), 4.69-4.35 (m, 4H), 3.62-2.88 (m, 10H), 1.36-1.17 (m, 2H), 0.84 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.1, 171.9, 170.2, 168.4, 168.1, 164.9, 163.3, 136.9, 136.8, 134.1, 132.9, 132.8, 132.3, 132.3, 132.0, 131.9, 131.3, 131.3, 129.8, 129.8, 117.4, 117.3, 117.1, 116.9, 83.8, 83.7, 82.7, 82.5, 59.3, 57.8, 57.5, 57.4, 52.5, 52.3, 42.9, 42.8, 42.7, 41.3, 41.2, 39.3, 38.3, 37.8, 36.8, 35.8, 35.5, 35.1, 20.0, 19.9, 14.4, 14.3; MS m/z (ESI): 535 (M+H, 100), 537 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(4-cyano-phenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD OD, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    7.71-7.62 (m, 2H) 7.50-7.42 (m, 2H) 7.38-7.30 (m, 2H) 7.18-7.10 (m, 2H) 5.57-5.41 (m, 1H) 4.71 (t, 1H, J=6.60 Hz) 3.74-3.64 (m, 1H) 3.62-3.46 (m, 4H) 3.18-3.07 (m, 4H) 2.74 (s, 3H) 1.42-1.28 (m, 2H) 1.26-1.13 (m, 2H) 0.81 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 493 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 8.42-8.63 (m, 0.6H), 7.62-7.91 (m, 4H), 7.35-7.60 (m, 3H), 7.13-7.35 (m, 2H), 6.93-7.13 (m, 2H), 5.55-5.80 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.71 (m, 4H), 2.68-3.74 (m, 10H), 0.75-1.11 (m, 2H), 0.18-0.74 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 172.58, 172.48, 170.40, 168.60, 168.33, 165.89, 162.64, 135.76, 135.29, 134.38, 133.08, 132.97, 132.59, 132.48, 131.50, 131.47, 131.02, 129.72, 129.16, 129.06, 128.90, 128.67, 128.54, 127.80, 127.29, 117.33, 117.05, 84.62, 84.50, 82.40, 82.28, 59.46, 57.95, 57.74, 52.65, 52.31, 43.21, 42.97, 41.67, 41.39, 39.46, 38.55, 38.15, 36.79, 36.68, 36.18, 35.83, 19.97, 14.11; MS (ESMS) m/z 551.5 (M+H)+.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of a further iteration of this aspect of Category I wherein R7a is hydrogen:
  • 4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-1-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-propyl-piperazin-2-one: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.73-7.89 (m, 3H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.15-7.55 (m, 7H), 4.68-4.87 (m, 1.3H), 4.32-4.57 (m, 0.7H), 3.92-4.10 (m, 1H), 3.52-3.74 (m, 1H), 3.28-3.51 (m, 1H), 2.74-3.26 (m, 7H), 1.38-1.72 (m, 2H), 0.92-1.37 (m, 2H), 0.74-0.91 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 169.61, 168.62, 168.23, 167.87, 137.74, 137.68, 135.38, 134.32, 134.20, 133.94, 132.80, 132.43, 130.76, 130.54, 129.65, 129.57, 129.15, 128.89, 128.84, 128.76, 127.68, 127.62, 127.05, 59.59, 57.16, 52.04, 51.69, 49.54, 49.31, 47.88, 47.12, 41.66, 39.03, 38.30, 36.21, 35.63, 34.60, 34.39, 20.65, 20.60, 14.63; MS (ESMS) m/z 478.3, 480.3 (M+H)+, Cl isotope pattern.
  • The second aspect of Category I comprises analogs wherein W is —NH2, said analogs having a scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00078
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R4 and R8 are described herein below in Table II.
    TABLE II
    No. R1 R4 R8
    81 methyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    82 ethyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    83 propyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    84 iso-propyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    85 butyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    86 cyclopropyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    87 cyclopropylmethyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    88 allyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    89 but-2-enyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    90 propargyl —H naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    91 methyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    92 ethyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    93 propyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    94 iso-propyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    95 butyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    96 cyclopropyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    97 cyclopropylmethyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    98 allyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    99 but-2-enyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    100 propargyl —H (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    101 methyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    102 ethyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    103 propyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    104 iso-propyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    105 butyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    106 cyclopropyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    107 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    108 allyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    109 but-2-enyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    110 propargyl —CH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    111 methyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    112 ethyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    113 propyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    114 iso-propyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    115 butyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    116 cyclopropyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    117 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    118 allyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    119 but-2-enyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    120 propargyl —CH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds which comprise the second aspect of Category I can be prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme II which entails de-protection of intermediates such Intermediate 6 to form the ester analogs which comprise this aspect and hydrolysis of the corresponding ester analogs to the free acid analogs.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00079
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00080
    • EXAMPLE 2 2-{3-Allyl-4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (10)
  • Preparation of 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (10): To a solution of (S)-2-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 6, (200 mg, 0.324 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (1 mL) is added trifluoroacetic acid. The reaction mixture is stirred for 45 min, concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired product.
    • EXAMPLE 3 2-{3-Allyl-4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (11)
  • Preparation of 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (11): To a solution of 2-{3-allyl-4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 10, (168 mg, 0.324 mmol) in a mixture of THF (1 mL)/CH3OH (0.5 mL)/H2O (0.5 mL) is added LiOH (43 mg, 1.78 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, acidified with 1N HCl to pH 3 and extracted with EtOAc. The extract is dried over Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated and dried under high vacuum to afford the desired product in quantitative yield.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of other melanocortin receptor ligands encompassed by Category I of the present invention.
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-methyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-ethyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-ethyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-propyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-propyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-iso-propyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-cyclopropylmethyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-iso-butyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-propargyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-benzyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N,N-dimethyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-isopropyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-cyclopropylmethyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-isopropyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-cyclopropylmethyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-allyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-phenyl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-methyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(s)-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(S)-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionamide;
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide; and
    • 2-(S)-{3-(S)-allyl-4-[2-(R)-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide.
  • Category II melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00081
    wherein the index x can be 0 or 1.
  • The first aspect of Category II comprises analogs with a scaffold having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00082
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as defined herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R5a, R5b, R7a and R8 are provided herein below in Table III.
    TABLE III
    No. R1 R5a R5b R7a R8
    121 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    122 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    123 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    124 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    125 butyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    126 tert-butyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    127 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    128 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    129 allyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    130 but-2-enyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    131 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    132 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    133 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    134 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    135 butyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    136 tert-butyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    137 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    138 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    139 allyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    140 but-2-enyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    141 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    142 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    143 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    144 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    145 butyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    146 tert-butyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    147 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    148 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    149 allyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    150 but-2-enyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    151 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    152 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    153 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    154 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    155 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    156 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    157 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    158 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    159 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    160 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    161 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    162 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    163 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    164 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    165 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    166 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    167 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    168 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    169 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    170 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    171 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    172 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    173 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    174 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    175 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    176 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    177 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    178 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    179 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    180 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    181 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    182 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    183 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    184 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    185 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    186 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    187 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    188 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    189 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    190 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    191 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    192 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    193 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    194 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    195 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    196 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    197 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    198 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    199 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    200 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    201 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    202 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    203 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    204 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    205 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    206 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    207 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    208 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    209 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    210 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    211 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    212 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    213 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    214 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    215 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    216 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    217 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    218 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    219 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    220 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    221 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    222 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    223 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    224 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    225 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    226 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    227 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    228 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    229 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    230 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    231 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    232 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    233 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    234 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    235 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    236 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    237 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    238 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    239 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    240 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    241 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    242 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    243 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    244 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    245 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    246 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    247 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    248 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    249 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    250 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    251 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    252 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    253 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    254 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    255 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    256 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    257 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    258 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    259 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    260 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    261 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    262 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    263 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    264 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    265 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    266 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    267 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    268 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    269 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    270 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    271 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    272 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    273 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    274 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    275 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    276 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    277 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    278 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    279 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    280 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    281 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    282 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    283 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    284 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    285 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    286 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    287 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    288 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    289 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    290 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    291 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    292 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    293 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    294 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    295 butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    296 tert-butyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    297 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    298 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    299 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    300 but-2-enyl —CH3 —CH3 —C(O)NHCH(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
  • Compounds which comprise the first aspect of Category II analogs can be prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme III.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00083
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00084
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00085
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00086
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00087
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00088
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00089
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00090
    • EXAMPLE 4 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (20)
  • 3-Cyclopropyl-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionic acid can be prepared as follows: To a solution of 2-amino-3-cyclopropyl propionic acid (1.0 g, 7.74 mmol) and triethyl amine (2.3 g, 10.4 mmol) in THF/H2O (10 ml/20 mL) is added 2-nirtobenzenesulfonyl chloride (2.3 g, 10.4 mmol) in portions at 0° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 15 hours and the THF is removed in vacuo. The residual aqueous layer is then acidified with conc. HCl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate extracts are dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to afford 2.5 g of the N-protected amino acid in purity suitable for direct use. This procedure is suitable for other amino acids which are used as a source of R1 units. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 8.10-8.19 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.90 (m, 3H), 4.10-4.18 (m, 1H), 1.71-1.84 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.67 (m, 1H), 0.73-0.88 (m, 1H), 0.28-0.50 (m, 2H), 0.00-0.20 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) □ 173.56, 148.10, 134.10, 133.86, 132.52, 130.42, 124.80, 57.10, 37.83, 7.23, 4.04, 3.48; MS (ESMS) m/z 315.0 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-cyclopropyl-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionylamino]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (12): To a solution of cyclopropyl-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionic acid (7.74 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) are added 2-(S)-amino-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (3.1 g, 11.7 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (4.67 g, 46.27 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (17.76 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (1.93 g, 10.07 mmol) consecutively. The resulting mixture is stirred for 4 hours, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 3.46 g (85% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) □ 8.04 (dd, J=7.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.68 (m, 9H), 7.24 (dd, J=8.4, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.20 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.96 (m, 1H), 3.98-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.29 (dd, J=14.0, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.14 (dd, J=14.0, 7.4 Hz, 1H), 1.62-1.72 (m, 1H), 1.23-1.42 (m, 1H), 0.02-0.40 (m, 3H), −0.14-−0.02(, 2H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) □ 171.74, 170.45, 147.91, 134.02, 133.73, 133.61, 133.18, 132.70, 131.07, 128.55, 128.32, 127.89, 127.41, 126.54, 126.12, 125.76, 58.59, 53.56, 52.74, 38.34, 37.55, 6.86, 4.38; MS (ESMS) m/z 526.1 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (13): To a solution of 2-[3-cyclopropyl-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionylamino]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 12, (3.46 g, 6.59 mmol) and 1,2-dibromoethane (12.38 g, 65.9 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) is added potassium carbonate (9.10 g, 65.8 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 15 hours at 65° C., cooled and quenched with aqueous NH4Cl solution. The mixture is then extracted several times with EtOAc and the combined extracts dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:2) to afford 3.57 g (98% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 8.01-8.08 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.84 (m, 7H), 7.43-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.35 (dd, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.38 (dd, J=11.7, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.33-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.88 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.21-3.66 (m, 4H), 2.99-3.14 (m, 1H), 1.40-1.53 (m, 1H), 1.02-1.16 (m, 1H), −0.14-−0.02 (m, 3H), −0.34-−0.20 (m, 2H); MS (ESMS) m/z 552.2 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 2-(3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (14): To a solution of 2-[3-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(2-nitro-benzene-sulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 13, (3.56 g, 6.46 mmol) and 4-mercaptophenol (4.07 g, 32.3 mmol) in CH3CN (50 mL) is added potassium carbonate (8.91 g, 64.6 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 15 hours, quenched with 10% NaHCO3 solution and extracted several times with EtOAc. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to yielding a bright yellow oil which is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 1:1 to EtOAc/MeOH, 10:1) to afford 2.10 g (89% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 7.76-7.86 (m, 3H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.37-7.52 (m, 3H), 5.27 (dd, J=11.7, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.25-3.60 (m, 4H), 2.88-3.06 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.75 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.68 (m, 1H), 1.16-1.29 (m, 1H), 0.01-0.25 (m, 3H), −0.19-−0.08 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD) □ 171.55, 171.01 m 134.88, 133.78, 132.74, 128.15, 127.52, 127.45, 127.11, 126.11, 125.64, 59.42, 58.92, 51.78, 46.77, 41.23, 36.59, 33.97, 6.63, 3.72, 3.46; MS (ESMS) m/z 367.2 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (15): To a solution of 2-(3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 14, (528 mg, 1.44 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5.0 mL) are added 2-(R)-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionic acid (489 mg, 1.67 mmol), benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidinol-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (951 mg, 1.83 mmol) and triethyl amine (174 mg, 1.72 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 10 hours, quenched with 10% NaHCO3 aqueous solution and extracted several times with EtOAc. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a crude residue which is purified over silica gel (silica gel, hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:1) to afford 651 mg (71% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, Rotamers) □ 7.66-7.85 (m, 3H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.39-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.04-7.18 (m, 2H), 6.86-7.01 (m, 2H), 5.63 (dd, J=11.4, 5.4 Hz, 0.5H), 5.47 (dd, J=11.4, 5.4 Hz, 0.5H), 5.28-5.38 (m, 0.5H), 4.82-4.98 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.80 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.43 (m, 0.5H), 3.75-3.91 (m, 4H), 3.50-3.62 (m, 1H), 2.92-3.36 (m, 4H), 2.64-2.88 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 5H), 1.35 (s, 4H), 0.91-1.18 (m, 2H), −0.64-0.17 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3, Rotamers) □ 170.69, 170.54, 169.37, 168.55, 167.10, 155.09, 154.84, 134.05, 133.71, 133.53, 133.49, 132.60, 132.41, 131.79, 131.28, 131.17, 130.89, 130.79, 128.74, 128.66, 127.94, 127.86, 127.73, 127.63, 127.50, 127.03, 126.63, 126.57, 126.14, 115.94, 115.66, 115.56, 115.28, 80.34, 79.87, 58.82, 57.26, 56.42, 52.76, 51.66, 51.32, 44.08, 42.79, 41.36, 39.92, 38.75, 37.43, 36.72, 36.58, 34.92, 34.54, 28.44, 7.12, 4.74, 4.69, 4.34, 4.31; MS (ESMS) m/z 632.2 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (16): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 15, (531 mg, 0.842 mmol) in a mixture of THF (5 mL)/CH3OH (1 mL)/H2O (2 mL) is added LiOH (100 mg, 4.17 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 4 hours, acidified with 1N HCl to pH 3 and extracted several times with EtOAc. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and dried under high vacuum to give the free acid in quantitative yield, which is used directly without further purification. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.72-7.87 (m, 3H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.37-7.53 (m, 3H), 7.12-7.28 (m, 2H), 6.99-7.06 (m, 2H), 5.54-5.66 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.80 (m, 1.5H), 3.82-4.38 (m, 1.5H), 3.18-3.64 (m, 4H), 2.70-3.02 (m, 3H), 0.80-1.43 (m, 11H), −0.78-0.10 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 171.68, 171.58, 170.23, 169.29, 167.86, 163.70, 156.08, 134.69, 134.57, 133.71, 133.14, 132.70, 131.26, 131.15, 130.73, 130.64, 128.19, 128.12, 127.55, 127.38, 127.29, 127.07, 126.12, 125.64, 79.61, 79.34, 58.68, 57.04, 56.18, 52.13, 51.65, 43.21, 42.29, 41.29, 38.61, 37.32, 37.21, 36.27, 34.23, 33.93, 27.50, 27.41, 6.45, 3.92, 3.66, 3.33; MS (ESMS) m/z 618.2 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of [2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (17): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid, 16, (114 mg, 0.18 mmol)) in DMF (2 mL) are added methylamine (2M, 0.11 mL, 0.22 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (53 mg, 0.39 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (63 mg, 0.62 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (41 mg, 0.21 mmol) consecutively. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue, which is purified over silica gel (hexanes/ethyl acetate, 1:4) to afford 108 mg (93% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.73-7.86 (m, 3H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.38-7.52 (m, 3H), 7.14-7.30 (m, 2H), 6.91-7.04 (m, 2H), 5.54-5.72 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.78 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.40 (m, 0.3H), 4.03-4.15 (m, 0.7H), 3.72-3.81 (m, 0.3H), 3.58-3.68 (m, 0.3H), 3.42-3.53 (m, 2H), 3.12-3.32 (m, 2H), 2.70-3.00 (m, 6H), 1.41 (s, 5H), 1.34 (s, 4H), 0.66-1.30 (m, 2H), −0.60-−0.12 (m, 4.3H), −0.80-−0.68 (m, 0.7H); MS (ESMS) m/z 631.3 (M+H)+
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (18): [2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 17, (105 mg, 0.16 mmol) is dissolved into a mixture of TFA/anisole/CH2Cl2 (45:5:50, 2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 minutes, concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford the TFA salt of the desired compound. MS (ESMS) m/z 531.2 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of {1-[2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-1-methyl-ethyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (19): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide, 18, (44 mg, 0.068 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) are added 2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-propionic acid (44 mg, 0.079 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (20 mg, 0.148 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (41 mg, 0.41 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (16 mg, 0.083 mmol) consecutively. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue which is purified over silica gel (CH2Cl2/CH3OH, 13:1) to afford 45 mg (93% yield) of the desired product. MS (ESMS) m/z 716.3 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (20). {1-[2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-1-methyl-ethyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 19, (45 mg, 0.063 mmol) is dissolved into a mixture of TFA/anisole/CH2Cl2 (45:5:50, 1 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour, concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC purification to afford the TFA salt of the desired compound. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.65-7.84 (m, 4H), 7.36-7.52 (m, 3H), 7.15-7.31 (m, 2H), 6.90-7.02 (m, 2H), 5.73 (dd, J=11.7, 5.4 Hz, 0.66H), 5.60 (dd, J=11.4, 5.4 Hz, 0.33H), 5.01-5.14 (m, 0.66H), 4.65-4.75 (m, 0.33H), 4.24-4.36 (m, 0.33H), 4.01-4.14 (m, 0.66H), 3.82-3.98 (m, 0.66H), 3.14-3.68 (m, 5H), 2.73-3.10 (m, 6H), 1.25-1.60 (m, 7H), 0.78-0.95 (m, 1H), −0.56-−0.15 (m, 4H), −0.76-−0.62 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 171.66, 171.04, 170.86, 170.34, 169.54, 169.29, 167.78, 163.81, 160.57, 134.36, 133.70, 132.74, 132.21, 131.22, 131.11, 130.89, 130.78, 128.16, 127.69, 127.51, 127.31, 127.10, 126.17, 125.70, 115.47, 115.14, 114.85, 58.73, 56.98, 56.84, 56.42, 56.32, 51.61, 50.96, 48.75, 42.12, 41.62, 37.86, 37.47, 37.25, 36.46, 36.36, 34.57, 34.35, 25.32, 23.05, 22.91, 22.73, 6.56, 3.96, 3.73, 3.40; MS (ESMS) m/z 616.2 (M+H)+.
  • The above example wherein 3-cyclopropyl-2-(S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid is used for the preparation of compound 12, provides one iteration of the analogs encompassed by the first aspect of Category II. Other examples encompassed within the first aspect of Category II, wherein R1 comprises other units, can be suitably prepared by substituting the appropriate starting material in place of 3-cyclopropyl-2-(S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid, for example, cyclopropyl-2-(S)-(nitro-benzene-sulonylamino)-acetic acid, 2-(S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-butyric acid, and the like. The formulator may also choose to prepare rings which comprise the opposite stereochemistry, for example, those derived from the use of 3-cyclopropyl-2-(R)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid or, as a further iteration, the formulator may wish to provide a racemic mixture, for example, an analog derived from, 3-cyclopropyl-2-(R,S)-(2-nitro-benzenesulonylamino)-propionic acid.
  • Other iterations of this aspect of the present invention, for example, wherein R7a is varied, can be prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme IV beginning with compounds such as intermediate 16.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00091
  • The following are non-limiting examples of compounds which comprise the first aspect of Category II according to the present invention.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 8.40-8.61 (m, 0.6H), 7.53-7.92 (m, 4H), 7.38-7.57 (m, 3H), 7.15-7.36 (m, 2H), 6.90-7.10 (m, 2H), 5.60-5.87 (m, 1H), 5.46-5.58 (m, 0.4H), 5.01-5.15 (m, 0.6H), 4.21-4.78 (m, 3H), 3.88-4.15 (m, 1H), 3.16-3.76 (m, 7H), 2.80-3.13 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.59 (m, 6H), 0.76-1.27 (m, 2H), −0.76-−0.09 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 173.62, 172.82, 172.60, 172.41, 171.92, 171.13, 170.90, 169.45, 165.45, 165.38, 162.81, 162.21, 162.15, 135.84, 135.26, 134.33, 134.22, 134.18, 133.86, 133.84, 132.76, 132.65, 132.39, 132.29, 129.74, 129.26, 129.12, 129.06, 128.86, 128.69, 128.61, 127.73, 127.26, 117.04, 116.68, 116.40, 84.51, 82.29, 60.39, 58.50, 58.05, 57.85, 53.24, 52.55, 43.70, 43.32, 41.66, 41.38, 39.50, 38.92, 38.84, 38.08, 37.90, 36.24, 36.11, 24.45, 24.27, 24.19, 8.20, 8.10, 5.49, 5.29, 4.90; MS (ESMS) m/z 648.9 (M+H)+.
  • 3-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-4-naphthalen-2-yl-butyramide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 6.80˜7.80 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 2H), 4.58 (m, 1H), 2.50˜3.50 (m, 13H), 1.54 (m, 6H), 0.91(m, 2H). 13C NMR (CDCl3, 75 mHz) 171.90, 171.79, 169.93, 168.70, 134.59, 133.58, 132.62, 131.43, 131.22, 128.45, 127.90, 127.56, 127.26, 126.61, 126.08, 115.80, 115.51, 57.61, 56.03, 50.70, 40.98, 38.69, 38.01, 37.62, 34.05, 26.54, 24.42, 24.18, 23.21, 18.73, 13.50; MS (ES-MS) m/z 618 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) 7.81-7.70, m, 4H, 7.48-7.39, m, 3H, 7.25, m, 2H, 6.98, m, 2H, 5.67-5.56, m, 1H, 5.06, m, 0.75H, 4.57, m, 0.75H, 4.23-3.96, m, 1H, 3.82-3.63, m, 1.25H; 3.44-3.16, m, 4H, 3.00-2.76, m, 6.5H, 1.54, s, 3H, 1.47, s, 3H, 1.35-0.92, m, 2.25H, 0.41-0.27, m, 5H. 13C NMR (CD3OD, 300 mHz) 171.68, 171.05, 170.13, 169.33, 160.58, 134.28, 133.75, 132.82, 132.43, 131.20, 131.10, 128.12, 127.57, 127.33, 127.05, 126.20, 125.69, 115.16, 114.88, 58.43, 56.93, 56.11, 56.01, 50.90, 41.72, 41.43, 36.57, 34.49, 34.14, 25.28, 23.04, 22.89, 22.70, 18.59, 18.36, 12.63. MS(ESI) m/e 604 [M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-propionamide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.28 (m, 6H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 5.53 (m, 1H), 5.08 (t, 1H, J=7.8 Hz), 4.66 (t, 1H, J=6.6 Hz), 4.53 (m, 1H), 4.37 (m, 1H), 3.98 (m, 1H), 3.65-3.00 (m, 9H), 1.55 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 3H), 1.29 (m, 2H), 0.80 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.5, 172.5, 172.0, 171.1, 165.4, 163.0, 162.5, 162.2, 137.1, 134.3, 134.1, 133.9, 132.8, 132.7, 132.2, 130.1, 117.0, 116.7, 116.5, 84.5, 82.3, 60.2, 58.5, 58.1, 57.8, 57.7, 53.1, 52.6, 43.4, 43.1, 41.6, 41.3, 39.7, 38.8, 38.1, 36.9, 36.0, 35.5, 35.4, 24.6, 24.3, 20.5, 20.2, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 620 (M+H, 100), 622 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 7.63-7.53 (m, 3H) 7.43 (s, 1H) 7.33-7.23 (m, 3H), 7.20-7.13 (m, 2H), 7.00-6.87 (m, 2H) 6.84-6.76 (m, 1H) 6.68 (t, 1H, J=8.29 Hz) 5.78 (d, 1H, J=7.25 Hz) 5.68 (d, 1H, J=7.70 Hz) 5.24-5.04 (m, 2H) 4.92-4.76 (m, 2H) 4.69 (t, 1H, J=5.90 Hz) 4.22-4.10 (m, 1H) 3.95-3.78 (m, 2H) 3.64 (t, 2H, J=6.75 Hz) 3.54-3.46 (m, 2H) 2.70 (d, 2H, J=6.98 Hz) 1.52 (s, 6H) 1.04-0.92 (m, 3H) 0.91 (d, 4H, J=2.654 Hz) MS (ESI) m/z 625 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-isopropoxy-phenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.76 (m, 3H), 1.29 (m, 6H, CH(CH3)2), 1.46, 1.562 (2 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 2.73, 2.80 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.06 (m, 5H), 3.33 (m, 4H), 3.63 (m, 1H), 5.10 (m, 2H), 5.48 (m, 1H), 6.83 (m, 2H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.14 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 1H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 45.26; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 132.8, 132.7, 132.4, 131.4, 119.0, 117.3, 116.7, 116.5, 111.8, 71.3, 61.3, 60.0, 57.9, 57.6, 43.3, 43.0, 38.5, 38.0, 35.8, 35.1, 31.5, 39.9, 26.7, 25.3, 22.8, 20.2, 14.6; MS m/e 612 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.78 (m, 3H), 1.24 (m, 2H), 1.462, 1.56 (2 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 2.73, 2.81 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.00 (m, 5H), 3.17 (m, 3H), 3.62 (m, 1H), 3.963 (m, 1H), 4.65 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 3H), 5.47 (m, 1H), 6.93 (m, 2H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 7.162 (m, 2H), 7.03 (m, 3H), 7.40 (m, 4H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 45.31; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 132.8, 131.4, 129.9, 129.3, 128.9, 116.7, 116.5, 116.3, 71.4, 61.3, 58.0, 57.6, 52.1, 43.4, 43.0, 38.5, 35.8, 35.2, 31.5, 26.7, 25.3, 20.2, 14.6; MS m/e 660 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-butyramide TFA. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.14 (m, 6H), 6.88 (m, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 1H), 3.46 (m, 1H), 3.25 (m, 2H), 2.93 (m, 4H), 2.58, 2.53 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.42 (m, 2H), 1.94 (m, 2H), 1.56 (m, 2H), 1.42, 1.39, 1.32, 1.28 (4 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.05 (m, 2H), 0.76 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.2, 173.0, 172.0, 171.4, 165.4, 162.2, 141.1, 134.2, 133.5, 132.8, 132.7, 131.5, 130.0, 116.8, 116.5, 113.3, 58.5, 57.5, 57.3, 53.2, 52.5, 43.9, 42.3, 38.2, 36.8, 35.8, 33.0, 31.3, 26.7, 24.6, 24.3, 20.7, 14.5; MS m/z (ESI): 602 (M+H, 100), 604 (M+2+H, 37).
  • A second aspect of Category II melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00092
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl as defined herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a, R8 and Q are provided herein below in Table IV. THQ-3-yl represents 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl.
    TABLE IV
    No. R1 Q R7a R8
    300 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    301 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    302 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    303 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    304 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    305 cyclopropylmethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    306 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    307 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    308 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    309 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    310 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    311 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    312 cyclopropylmethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    313 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    314 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    315 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    316 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    317 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    318 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    319 cyclopropylmethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    320 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    321 methyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    322 ethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    323 propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    324 iso-propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    325 cyclopropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    326 cyclopropylmethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    327 allyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    328 methyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    329 ethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    330 propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    331 iso-propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    332 cyclopropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    333 cyclopropylmethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    334 allyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    335 methyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    336 ethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    337 propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    338 iso-propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    339 cyclopropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    340 cyclopropylmethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    341 allyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    342 methyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    343 ethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    344 propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    345 iso-propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    346 cyclopropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    347 cyclopropylmethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    348 allyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    349 methyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    350 ethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    351 propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    352 iso-propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    353 cyclopropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    354 cyclopropylmethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    355 allyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    356 methyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    357 ethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    358 propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    359 iso-propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    360 cyclopropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    361 cyclopropylmethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    362 allyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    363 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    364 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    365 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    366 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    367 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    368 cyclopropylmethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    369 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    370 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    371 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    372 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    373 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    374 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    375 cyclopropylmethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    376 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    377 methyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    378 ethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    379 propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    380 iso-propyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    381 cyclopropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    382 cyclopropylmethly 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    383 allyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    384 methyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    385 ethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    386 propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    387 iso-propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    388 cyclopropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    389 cyclopropylmethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    390 allyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    391 methyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    392 ethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    393 propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    394 iso-propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    395 cyclopropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    396 cyclopropylmethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    397 allyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    398 methyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    399 ethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    400 propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    401 iso-propyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    402 cyclopropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    403 cyclopropylmethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    404 allyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    405 methyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    406 ethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    407 propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    410 iso-propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    411 cyclopropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    412 cyclopropylmethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    413 allyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    414 methyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    415 ethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    416 propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    417 iso-propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    418 cyclopropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    419 cyclopropylmethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    420 allyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    421 methyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    422 ethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    423 propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    424 iso-propyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    425 cyclopropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    426 cyclopropylmethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    427 allyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds which comprise the second aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared according to Scheme V below from final analogs which comprise Category I, for example, utilizing as starting materials compounds such as 18.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00093
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00094
    • EXAMPLE 5 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (23)
  • Preparation of 3-[2-[2-cyclopropylmehtyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthylen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenxyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (22): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide, 18, (44 mg, 0.068 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) are added 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2,3-dicarboxylic acid 2-tert-butyl ester (21 mg, 0.079 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzo-triazole (20 mg, 0.148 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (41 mg, 0.41 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (16 mg, 0.083 mmol) consecutively. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue, which is purified over silica gel (CH2Cl2/CH3OH, 13:1) to afford the desired product.
  • Preparation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-cyclopropyl-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (23): 3-[2-[2-cyclopropylmehtyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthylen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, 22, (50 mg, 0.064 mmol) is dissolved into a mixture of TFA/anisole/CH2Cl2 (45:5:50, 1 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour, concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC purification to afford the TFA salt of the desired compound.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[1-methylcarbamoyl-2S-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.60 (d, 2H, J=7.95 Hz) 7.46 (d, 2H, J=7.87 Hz) 7.34-7.18 (m, 2H) 7.08-6.94(m, 2H) 5.58 (q, 1H, J=5.61 Hz) 5.13 (t, 1H, J=7.76 Hz) 4.69 (t, 1H, J=6.58 Hz) 4.23 (t, 1H, J=6.69 Hz) 4.10-3.88 (m, 2H) 3.71-3.44 (m, 2H) 3.23-2.83 (m, 4H) 2.74 (s, 3H) 2.41-2.25 (m, 2H) 2.09-1.68 (m, 6H) 1.29-1.08 (m, 2H) 0.84-0.63 (m, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 634 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[1-allylcarbamoyl-2S-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.40-6.92 (m, 8H), 5.92-5.73 (m, 1H), 5.56-5.38 (m, 2H), 5.25-4.50 (m, 3H), 4.28-2.84 (m, 1H), 2.45-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.12-1.69 (m, 4H), 1.51-0.72 (m, 7H), MS (ESI) m/z 626 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2S-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 8.13-6.82 (m, 13H) 5.12-4.62 (m, 2H) 4.50-2.68 (m, 12H) 2.30-1.48 (m, 4H) 1.35-0.58 (m, 8H) MS (ESI) m/z 684 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2S-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-ethylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1 S-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.42-6.93 (m, 8H) 5.62-5.31 (m, 1H) 5.13 (t, 1H, J=7.77 Hz) 4.80-3.88 (m, 2H) 3.71-2.76 (m, 10H) 2.51-1.55 (m, 8H) 1.40-0.65 (m, 8H) MS (ESI) m/z 614 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[4-(1-allylcarbamoyl-2S-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 5.99-5.50 (m, 3H) 5.28-4.50 (m, 3H) 4.28-2.72 (m, 13H) 2.41-1.62 (m, 4H) 1.20 (t, 2H, J=7.102 Hz) 1.06-0.82 (m, 2H) 0.70-0.21 (m, 3H) (ESI) m/z 642 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[4S-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-1-phenylcarbamoyl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD,300 MHz) □ 7.92-6.88 (M, 16H) 5.90-5.65 (m, 2H) 5.28-4.51(m, 5H) 4.28-2.78(m, 7H) 2.42-2.20 (m, 2H) 2.08-1.70 (m, 4H) 1.48-0.23 (m, 5H) (ESI) m/z 678 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-isopropoxy-phenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.789 (m, 3H), 1.768 (m, 6H, CH(CH3)2), 1.789 (m, 1H), 1.974 (m, 2H), 2.333 (m, 2H), □ 2.743, 2.805 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.001 (m, 3H), 3.173 (m, 3H), 3.340 (m, 2H), 3.659 (m, 1H), 4.024 (m, 1H), 4.232 (m, 1H), 4.560 (m, 1H), 4.679 (m, 1H), 5.135 (t, 1H), 5.473 (m, 1H), 6.826 (m, 2H), 7.039 (m, 2H), 7.136 (m, 2H), 7.316 (m, 1H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 45.392; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.4, 163.6, 163.1, 162.2, 158.7, 133.9, 133.6, 132.8, 132.7, 132.5, 132.4, 131.5, 131.4, 129.8, 120.5, 117.3, 117.1, 116.7, 116.4, 71.3, 61.3, 57.9, 57.6, 52.1, 43.3, 43.0, 38.5, 36.9, 35.8, 35.3, 35.2, 31.5, 26.7, 25.3, 22.8, 20.4, 20.2, 14.6; MS m/e 724 (M+1).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.791 (m, 3H), 1.276 (m, 2H), 1.802 (m, 1H), 1.963 (m, 2H), 2.369 (m, 1H), 2.741, 2.803 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.029 (m, 3H), 3.147 (m, 3H), 3.454 (m, 1H), 3.653 (m, 1H), 4.228 (m, 1H), 5.060 (m, 3H), 5.463 (m, 1H), 6.949 (m, 2H), 7.045 (m, 2H), 7.179 (m, 3H), 7.329 (m, 3H), 7.429 (m, 3H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 45.451; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.5, 162.2, 159.7, 139.1, 133.9, 133.6, 132.8, 132.7, 132.5, 132.4, 131.6, 131.5, 130.4, 129.9, 129.3, 128.9, 117.0, 116.8, 116.5, 116.4, 71.4, 61.4, 60.1, 58.5, 58.1, 57.6, 52.7, 52.1, 43.4, 43.0, 38.5, 35.8, 35.1, 31.5, 26.7, 25.3, 20.4, 20.2, 14.6; MS m/e 673 (M+1).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[4-(1-ethylcarbamoyl-2S-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz) □ 7.79-6.89 (m, 11H) 5.69-5.45 (m, 1H) 5.09 (t, 1H, J=7.87 Hz) 4.57 (t, 1H, J=6.67 Hz) 4.28-2.70 (m, 13H) 2.08-1.62 (m, 4H) 1.20-0.16 (m, 10H) (ESI) m/z 630 (M+H+, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-fluoroethylcarbamoyl)-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.17 (m, 6H), 6.92 (m, 2H), 5.38 (m, 1H), 5.01 (t, 1H, J=7.9 Hz), 4.57 (t, 1H, J=6.7 Hz), 4.44 (m, 1H), 4.26 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.88 (m, 1H), 3.43-2.75 (m, 1H), 2.22 (m, 1H), 1.89-1.61 (m, 3H), 1.15 (m, 2H), 0.69 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.3, 172.1, 171.9, 171.7, 171.0, 169.7, 169.5, 165.5, 162.9, 162.2, 137.2, 134.2, 133.9, 133.6, 132.8, 132.7, 132.5, 132.3, 132.2, 130.0, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 84.6, 82.4, 61.3, 60.2, 58.1, 57.9, 57.7, 52.7, 52.1, 47.8, 43.5, 43.0, 41.6, 41.3, 39.7, 39.3, 38.5, 37.0, 35.9, 35.3, 31.6, 25.3, 20.4, 20.2, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 632 (M+H, 100), 634 (M+2+H, 37).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.40-4.49 (m, 2H), 7.17-7.35 (m, 3H), 6.92-7.10 (m, 2H), 5.39-5.55 (m, 1H), 5.08-5.20 (m, 1H), 4.65-4.74 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.30 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.12 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.69 (m, 1H), 2.89-3.40 (m, 7H), 2.81 (s, 0.6H), 2.74 (s, 2.4H), 2.26-2.42 (m, 1H), 1.69-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.15-1.62 (m, 2H), 0.69-1.13 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) □ 171.00, 171.88, 171.82, 171.68, 170.92, 169.80, 169.52, 169.40, 165.47, 162.78, 162.30, 162.23, 139.44, 133.85, 133.81, 133.66, 132.82, 132.71, 132.62, 132.49, 132.38, 132.24, 132.00, 117.03, 116.79, 116.51, 61.32, 60.05, 57.59, 57.55, 52.11, 52.68, 52.11, 47.76, 43.34, 42.98, 42.90, 39.53, 39.34, 38.54, 37.08, 35.96, 35.11, 34.85, 31.59, 26.82, 25.29, 20.45, 20.25, 14.66; (ESMS) m/z 634.2, 636.2, 638.2 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.40-4.49 (m, 2H), 7.17-7.35 (m, 3H), 6.92-7.10 (m, 2H), 5.39-5.55 (m, 1H), 5.08-5.20 (m, 1H), 4.65-4.74 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.30 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.12 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.69 (m, 1H), 2.89-3.40 (m, 7H), 2.81 (s, 0.6H), 2.74 (s, 2.4H), 2.26-2.42 (m, 1H), 1.69-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.15-1.62 (m, 2H), 0.69-1.13 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) □ 171.00, 171.88, 171.82, 171.68, 170.92, 169.80, 169.52, 169.40, 165.47, 162.78, 162.30, 162.23, 139.44, 133.85, 133.81, 133.66, 132.82, 132.71, 132.62, 132.49, 132.38, 132.24, 132.00, 117.03, 116.79, 116.51, 61.32, 60.05, 57.59, 57.55, 52.11, 52.68, 52.11, 47.76, 43.34, 42.98, 42.90, 39.53, 39.34, 38.54, 37.08, 35.96, 35.11, 34.85, 31.59, 26.82, 25.29, 20.45, 20.25, 14.66; (ESMS) m/z 634.2, 636.2, 638.2 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of compounds encompassed by the second aspect of Category II.
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-allyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-iso-propyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-allyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-iso-propyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-allyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-iso-propyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-allyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-iso-propyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-allyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-iso-propyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-4-chlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-allyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide; and
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-iso-propyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide.
  • The following are examples of compounds wherein R7a is hydrogen:
  • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-[4-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.74-7.88 (m, 3H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.18-7.54 (m, 11H), 5.04-5.28 (m, 1H), 4.78-4.88 (m, 1H), 4.31-4.47 (m, 2H), 3.88-4.25 (m, 3H), 3.31-3.66 (m, 2H), 2.70-3.30 (m, 8H), 0.92-1.86 (m, 4H), 0.76-0.88 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    171.62, 171.43, 170.49, 169.64, 169.30, 168.78, 137.81, 137.65, 136.72, 136.15, 135.42, 135.35, 134.70, 134.51, 134.22, 132.70, 132.42, 132.05, 131.91, 130.35, 130.10, 129.77, 129.64, 129.54, 129.16, 129.10, 129.04, 128.86, 128.78, 128.09, 127.62, 127.56, 127.01, 59.98, 56.94, 56.66, 56.54, 51.82, 51.65, 49.74, 49.41, 48.28, 47.22, 45.78, 41.56, 39.92, 38.68, 37.21, 36.17, 35.42, 34.66, 34.43, 31.38, 31.29, 20.74, 20.50, 14.56; MS (ESMS) m/z 637.3, 639.3 (M+H)+, Cl isotope pattern.
  • 2-Amino-N-{1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-[4-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-2-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.74-7.88 (m, 3H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.36-7.54 (m, 3H), 7.14-7.35 (m, 4H), 5.07-5.18 (m, 0.7H), 4.93-5.03 (m, 0.3H), 4.73-4.84 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.41 (m, 0.3H), 3.86-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.64 (m, 2H), 2.68-3.26 (m, 6H), 0.91-1.82 (m, 10H), 0.74-0.88 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 173.35, 172.93, 171.80, 171.61, 170.49, 168.78, 137.78, 137.65, 136.84, 136.36, 135.41, 135.35, 134.61, 134.43, 134.22, 132.58, 132.29, 130.30, 130.03, 129.64, 129.53, 129.10, 128.86, 128.75, 127.62, 127.55, 127.00, 59.97, 58.48, 56.90, 52.24, 49.69, 49.24, 48.24, 47.22, 41.58, 39.36, 38.25, 37.19, 36.08, 35.45, 34.64, 34.43, 24.57, 24.42, 24.25, 20.71, 20.52, 14.56; MS (ESMS) m/z 563.3, 565.3 (M+H)+, Cl isotope pattern.
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide; and
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of analogs wherein R7a and R7b are each hydrogen and R8 units are selected from the group consisiting of phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, and naphth-2-yl.
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide; and
    • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide.
  • A further iteration of this aspect comprises compounds having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00095
    wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl as defined herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a, and R8 are provided herein above in Table IV, said compounds comprising Q units selected from the group consisting of —OH, —OCH3, —NH2, —NHCH3, and N(CH3)2.
  • Non-limiting examples of this iteration of aspect two of Category II include:
  • [2-{4-[2S-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester: 1H NMR (MeOH, 300 MHz) □ 7.49-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.33-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.23-7.14 (m, 2H), 7.06-6.92 (m, 2H), 5.44-5.29 (m, 1H), 4.95-4.74 (m, 1H), 4.73 (t, 1H, J=6.62 Hz), 4.07-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.37-2.87 (m, 8H), 1.29-1.04 (m, 8H), 0.89-0.67 (m, 3H); MS (ESI) m/z 623 (M+H+, 100).
  • [2-{4-[2S-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester: 1H NMR (MeOH, 300 MHz) □ 7.19-7.03 (m, 6H), 6.94-6.80 (m, 2H), 5.26 (q, 2H, J=5.90 Hz), 4.68 (t, 1H, J=7.31 Hz), 4.58 (t, 1H, J=6.65 Hz), 3.94-3.78 (m, 4H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 3.24-2.74 (m, 4H), 1.93 (s, 6H), 1.14-1.03 (m, 2H), 1.01 (q, 2H, J=3.357 Hz), 0.63 (s, 3H); MS (ESI) m/z 589 (M+H+, 100).
  • A third aspect of Category II comprises analogs with a scaffold having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00096
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R5b, R7a, R8 and Q are defined herein below in Table V.
    TABLE V
    No. R1 R5b Q R7a R8
    428 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    429 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    430 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    431 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    432 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    433 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    434 allyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    435 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    436 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    437 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    438 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    439 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    440 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    441 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    442 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    443 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    444 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    445 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    446 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    447 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    448 allyl —H —H —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    449 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    450 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    451 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    452 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    453 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    454 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    455 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    456 methyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    457 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    458 propyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    459 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    460 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    461 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    462 allyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    463 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    464 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    465 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    466 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    467 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    468 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    469 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    470 methyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    471 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    472 propyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    473 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    474 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    475 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    476 allyl —H —H —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    477 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    478 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    479 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    480 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    481 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    482 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    483 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    484 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    485 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    486 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    487 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    488 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    489 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    490 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    491 methyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    492 ethyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    493 propyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    494 iso-propyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    495 cyclopropyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    496 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    497 allyl —H —H —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    498 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    499 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    500 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    501 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    502 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    503 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    504 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    505 methyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    506 ethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    507 propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    508 iso-propyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    509 cyclopropyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    510 cyclopropylmethyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    511 allyl —H —CH3 —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds which comprise the third aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared according to Scheme VI below from final analogs which comprise Category I, for example, utilizing as starting materials compounds such as 18 which corresponds to analog 9 from Table I.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00097
    • EXAMPLE 6 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide (24)
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropyl-methyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide (24): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide, 18, (100 mg, 0.155 mmol) and triethylamine (20 mg, 0.2 mmole) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0° C. is added dropwise acetyl chloride (13.4 mg, 0.17 mmole). The reaction is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred 1 hour. The reaction is diluted with CH2Cl2 (10 mL) and extracted with water then brine, dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue which is purified over silica gel to afford the desired product. 13C NMR (CDCl3, 75 MHz), 170.12, 169.90, 169.82, 169.49, 169.35, 167.70, 134.07, 133.67, 132.57, 131.64, 128.65, 127.83, 127.80, 127.70, 127.51, 127.23, 127.15, 126.64, 126.15, 115.87, 115.79, 115.60, 115.51, 58.65, 57.40, 56.61, 56.43, 50.61, 50.09, 42.76, 41.96, 41.55, 39.84, 38.39, 37.77, 36.89, 34.65, 34.09, 26.59, 23.26, 23.07, 7.20, 7.12, 4.83, 4.69, 4.45; MS, (ES-MS) m/z 573 (M+1).
  • Other non-limiting examples of this aspect of Category II include:
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H-NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 7.82˜7.90 (m, 3H), 7.2˜7.55 (m, 6H), 7.00˜7.14 (m, 2H), 5.12˜5.18 (m, 1H), 2.80˜3.45 (m, 8H), 2.60˜2.70 (m, 3H), 2.10˜2.15 (m, 5H), 1.75˜1.90 (m, 3H), 1.59˜1.70 (m, 2H), 1.0˜1.30 (m, 2H), 0.80˜0.90 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 547 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2-methylamino-acetylamino)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 7.00˜8.00 (m, 11H), 5.01 (m, 1H), 4.64 (t, 1H, J=6.6 Hz), 2.60-3.80 (m, 17H), 1.20˜1.40 (m, 2H), 0.31 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 592 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-cyclopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    7.84-7.71 (m, 3H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.51-7.39 (m, 3H), 7.15-7.04 (m, 2H), 6.99-6.88(m, 2H) 6.50 (t, 1H, J=11.67 Hz) 6.29 (d, 1H, J=2.37 Hz) 5.32 (q, 1H, J=6.70 Hz) 5.04-4.87 (m, 1H) 4.73 (t, 1H, J=6.65 Hz) 3.53-3.14 (m, 4H) 2.97-2.63 (m, 4H) 1.99 (s, 1H) 1.95 (s, 3H) 1.14 (p, 3H, J=18.236 Hz) 0.88-0.58(m, 4H) 0.49 (q, 4H, J=10.755 Hz).
  • 2-{3-Cyclopropylmethyl-4-[3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(S)-(2-methylamino-acetylamino)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    7.97 (d, 1H, J=7.40) 7.78-7.61 (m, 3H) 7.53 (s, 1H) 7.46-7.33 (m, 3H) 7.06 (q, 2H, J=5.33 Hz) 6.97(q, 2H, J=3.14 Hz) 6.91-6.79 (m, 1H) 6.33-6.18 (m, 1H) 5.42 (q, 1H, J=6.86 Hz) 5.29 (q, 1H, J=6.88 Hz) 5.03 (d, 1H, J=7.75 Hz) 4.92 (d, 1H, J=7.49 Hz) 4.73 (t, 1H, 5.32) 3.37-2.94 (m, 2H) 2.60-2.70 (m,2H) 2.63(d, 3H, J=6.07 Hz) 1.32-1.21 (m, 1H) 1.08 (d, 2H, J=6.59 Hz) 1.00 (q, 4H, J=6.570 Hz) 0.21-0.18 (m, 4H) MS (ESI) m/z 629 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-butyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    7.61-7.46 (m, 3H) 7.38-7.32 (m, 1H) 7.28-7.17 (m, 2H) 7.09-7.04 (m, 1H) 6.89-6.79 (m, 2H) 6.72-6.64 (m, 2H) 5.13-5.02 (m, 1H) 4.79-4.63 (m, 1H) 4.53 (t, 1H, J=6.64 Hz) 3.47-3.31 (m, 2H) 3.25-2.84 (m, 4H) 2.69-2.46 (m, 4H) 1.67 (s, 3H) 1.26-1.12 (m, 2H) 1.07-0.89 (m, 4H) 0.67-0.58 (m, 3H) 0.53-0.40 (m, 2H) 0.31-0.23 (m, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 602 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-benzyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.78-7.61 (m, 3H) 7.53-7.46 (m, 1H) 7.42-7.32 (m, 2H) 7.16-7.08 (m, 3H) 7.03-6.98 (m, 3H) 6.33-6.25 (m, 1H) 6.00 (d, 1H, J=8.24) 5.32-5.21 (m, 2H) 4.70 (t, 1H, J=6.70 Hz) 4.42-4.08 (m, 2H) 3.61-3.05 (m, 6H) 2.82 (d, 2H, J=7.21 Hz) 1.79 (s, 3H) 1.21-1.08 (m, 2H) 0.73-0.58 (m, 2H) 0.49-0.38 (m, 3H) MS (ESI) m/z 636 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.69-7.58 (m, 3H) 7.46 (s, 1H) 7.38-7.29 (m, 2H) 7.01-6.89 (m, 3H) 6.84-6.75 (m, 2H) 6.13 (d, 1H, J=8.85 Hz) 5.70 (d, 1H, J=7.29 Hz) 4.98-4.82 (m, 2H) 4.74 (t, 1H, J=5.82 Hz) 3.99-3.83 (m, 2H) 3.78-3.59 (m, 2H) 3.33-3.09 (m, 4H) 2.95-2.72 (m, 2H) 1.75 (s, 3H) 1.48 (s, 6H) 1.06-0.92 (m, 5H) MS (ESI) m/z 600 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.68-7.52 (m, 3H) 7.43 (s, 1H) 7.36-7.24 (m, 3H) 6.92 (d, 2H, J=19.21 Hz) 6.83 (d, 2H, J=14.83 Hz) 6.07 (d, 1H, J=7.72 Hz) 5.72 (d, 1H, J=6.89 Hz) 5.17-5.09 (m, 2H) 4.69 (t, 1H, J=5.92 Hz) 3.94-3.70 (m, 1H) 3.33-3.01 (m, 4H) 2.92-2.58 (m, 4H) 1.75 (s, 2H) 1.71 (s, 3H) 1.43 (s, 6H) 1.08-0.83 (m, 5H) MS (ESI) m/z 617 (M+H+, 100).
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-isobutyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    7.83-7.71 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.53-7.41 (m, 3H) 7.33-7.19 (m, 2H) 7.10-6.98 (m, 2H) 6.05 (d, 1H, J=8.20 Hz) 5.94 (d, 1H, J=7.75 Hz) 5.37-5.19 (m, 1H) 4.12-3.98 (m, 2H) 3.62-3.49 (m, 1H) 3.38-3.04 (m, 4H) 2.91 (d, 2H, J=7.22 Hz) 2.84-2.74 (m, 2H) 1.94 (s, 1H) 1.89 (s, 2H) 1.18-1.04 (m, 6H) MS (ESI) m/z 618 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-isopropyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.82-7.71 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.49-7.41 (m, 2H) 7.28-7.18 (m, 3H) 7.14-7.06 (m, 2H) 6.07-5.94 (m, 2H) 5.14-4.99 (m, 1H) 5.09-4.99 (m, 1H) 4.68 (d, 1H, J=7.050 Hz) 4.08-3.96 (m, H) 3.78-3.57 (m, 2H) 3.49-3.21 (m, 4H) 3.09-2.84 (m, 2H) 2.76-2.68 (m, 1H) 1.86 (s, 3H) 1.64 (s, 6H) 1.09 (t, 6H, J=6.577 Hz) MS (ESI) m/z 605 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-Amino-N-[2-[2-(S)-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-isopropylcarbamoyl-2-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-2-ethyl-butyramide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.81-7.67 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.49-7.38 (m, 2H) 7.22-7.12 (m, 1H) 7.08-7.00 (m, 1H) 6.99-6.87 (m, 3H) 6.32 (t, 1H, J=9.62 Hz) 5.5 (q, 1H, J=6.23 Hz) 5.38 (q, 1H, J=6.89 Hz) 4.81 (t, 1H, J=5.31 Hz) 4.11-3.89 (m, 1H) 3.61-3.04 (m, 4H) 3.00-2.91 (m, 2H) 2.89-2.78 (m, 2H) 2.03-1.74 (m, 6H) 1.42-1.30 (m, 1H) 1.22-0.98 (m, 6H) 0.95-0.75 (m, 6H) 0.10-0.03 (m, 5H) MS (ESI) m/z 671 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(S)-(1H-indol-2-yl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3,300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    8.21 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, 1H, J=7.72 Hz), 7.49-6.86 (m, 8H), 6.47 (d, 1H, J=8.02 Hz), 5.37-5.24 (m, 1H), 5.02-4.91 (m, 1H), 4.79 (t, 1H, J=6.53 Hz), 3.32-3.08 (m, 4H), 2.93 (d, 2H, J=7.31 Hz), 2.84 (d, 2H, J=4.76 Hz), 2.76 (d, 3H, J=4.61 Hz), 1.95 (s, 3H), 1.39-1.22 (m, 2H), 0.94-0.80 (m, 2H), 0.78-0.68 (m, 3H).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.84-7.68 (m, 3H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.52-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.16-6.88 (m, 5H), 6.37-6.20 (m, 1H), 6.01-5.80 (m, 1H), 5.34-5.23 (m, 1H), 5.03-4.72 (m, 2H), 4.16-3.94 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.07 (m, 4H), 2.91 (d, 2H, J=7.50 Hz), 2.85 (d, 2H, J=6.95 Hz), 1.92 (s, 3H), 1.18-1.02 (m, 10H), 0.54-0.45 (m, 3H); MS (ESI) m/z 589 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-isobutyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.83-7.70 (m, 3H) 7.56 (s, 1H) 7.52-7.40 (m, 2H) 7.14-7.02 (m, 3H) 6.98-6.86 (m, 2H) 6.05 (d, 1H, J=8.30 Hz) 5.94 (d, 1H, J=7.57 Hz) 5.35-5.20 (m, 2H) 5.00-4.82 (m, 1H) 4.10-3.85 (m, 1H) 3.58-3.05 (m, 4H) 2.94-2.83 (m, 2H) 2.79-2.68 (m, 2H) 1.88 (s, 3H) 1.61 (s, 6H) 1.17-0.59 (m, 9H) MS (ESI) m/z 603 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-isopropyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.82-7.70 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.49-7.41 (m, 2H) 7.17-7.08 (m, 2H) 7.02-6.88 (m, 3H) 6.29 (d, 1H, J=7.65 Hz) 6.03 (t, 1H, J=9.05 Hz) 5.34-5.19 (m, 1H) 5.09-4.98 (m, 1H) 4.67 (d, 1H, J=6.97 Hz) 4.24-3.93 (m, 2H) 3.78-3.53 (m, 2H) 3.41-3.13 (m, 2H) 3.09-2.69 (m, 2H) 2.02-1.83 (m, 4H) 1.66 (s, 6H) 1.12-1.02 (m, 6H) MS (ESI) m/z 589 (M+H+, 100).
  • Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-[2-(S)-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(S)-(1-isopropyl-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(R)-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.812-7.68 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.52-7.39 (m, 3H) 7.34-7.28 (m, 2H) 7.14-7.01 (m, 2H) 6.97-6.87 (m, 2H) 6.18 (d, 1H, J=8.36 Hz) 5.86 (d, 1H, J=7.37) 5.12-4.95 (m, 1H) 4.87 (t, 1H, J=5.87) 4.10-3.92 (m, 1H) 3.84-3.70 (m, 1H) 3.42-2.97 (m, 4H) 3.05-2.94 (m, 2H) 2.90-2.79 (m, 2H) 1.73 (s, 8H) 1.24-1.02 (m, 5H) 0.92-0.81 (m, 1H) 0.78-0.66 (m, 2H) MS (ESI) m/z 627 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-cyclohexylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3 S-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.82-7.70 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.54-7.39 (m, 2H) 7.36-7.19 (m, 3H) 7.12-7.05 (m, 2H) 6.06 (d, 1H, J=8.17 Hz) 5.97 (d, 1H, J=7.55 Hz) 5.36-5.17 (m, 2H) 5.00-4.84 (m, 1H) 4.10-3.92 (m, 1H) 3.39-3.02 (m, 4H) 2.91 (d, 2H, J=7.13 Hz) 2.88-2.75 (m, 2H) 1.87 (s, 3H) 1.73-1.40 (m, 11H) 1.18-0.87 (m, 11H) MS (ESD m/z 660 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-butyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.75-6.70 (m, 11H) 6.14 (d, 1H, J=7.56 Hz) 5.94 (d, 1H, J=8.13 Hz) 5.29-5.10 (m, 1H) 4.95-4.60 (m, 2H) 4.09-3.82 (m, 1H) 3.60-3.04 (m, 4H) 2.91-2.58 (m, 4H) 1.89-1.41 (m, 5H) 1.22-0.46 (m, 13H) MS (ESI) m/z 603(M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-(S)-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-1-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 8.04-6.70 (m, 11H) 6.65 (d, 1H, J=11.0 Hz) 6.34 (d, 1H, J=8.21 Hz) 5.46-5.32 (m, 1H) 5.01-4.88 (m, 1H) 4.62 (t, 1H, J=6.86 Hz) 3.70-3.42 (m, 4H) 3.32-3.12 (m, 4H) 2.92 (d, 3H, J=7.74 Hz) 2.86-2.72 (m, 3H) 2.66 (d, 2H, J=4.60 Hz) 1.28-0.78 (m, 4H).
  • 2-{3-(S)-Cyclopropylmethyl-4-[3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-methoxy-acetylamino)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.80-7.68 (m, 3H) 7.58 (s, 1H) 7.48-7.41 (m, 2H) 7.17-7.05 (m, 3H) 6.98-6.88 (m, 2H) 5.89 (t, 2H, J=9.03 Hz) 5.44 (q, 1H, J=12.67 Hz) 5.32-5.23 (m, 1H) 5.11-5.01 (m, 2H) 4.86 (t, 1H, J=5.82 Hz) 4.12-3.98 (m, 2H) 3.87-3.72 (m, 2H) 3.37 (d, 3H, J=7.07 Hz) 3.08-2.98 (m, 2H) 2.91-2.82 (m, 2H) 2.04 (s, 6H) 1.41-1.29 (m, 2H) 1.17 (d, 4H, J=6.083 Hz) 1.09 (t, 1H, J=5.435 Hz) MS (ESI) m/z 630 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{3-(S)-Cyclopropylmethyl-4-[2-(2,2-difluoro-acetylamino)-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    7.81-7.68 (m, 3H) 7.58(s, 1H) 7.49-7.41 (m, 2H) 7.14-7.02 (m, 3H) 6.98-6.89 (m, 2H) 5.98(d, 1H, J=1.22 Hz) 5.81 (d, H, J=1.09 Hz) 5.63 (d, 1H, J=1.06 Hz) 5.38 (q, 1H, J=6.63 Hz) 5.28 (q, 1H, J=7.00 Hz) 5.12-4.93 (m, 1H) 4.84 (t, 1H, J=5.96 Hz) 3.54-3.15 (m, 4H) 3.07-2.98 (m, 2H) 2.97-2.84 (m, 2H) 1.16 (d, 2H, J=6.552 Hz) 1.08 (t, 6H, J=5.804 Hz) 0.18-0.12 (m, 5H) MS (ESI) m/z 636 (M+H+, 100)
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Cyano-acetylamino)-3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-(S)-cyclopropyl-methyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    7.76-7.58 (m, 3H) 7.53 (s, 1H) 7.44-7.30 (m, 3H) 7.28-7.18 (m, 2H) 7.03(q, 2H, J=5.31 Hz) 6.95-6.78 (m, 1H) 6.28(d, 1H, J=7.72 Hz) 6.18 (d, 1H, J=7.56 Hz) 5.45 (q, 1H, J=6.84 Hz) 5.12-4.98 (m, 1H) 4.72 (t, 1H, J=5.55 Hz) 3.94-3.77 (m, 2H) 3.48-2.65 (m, 6H) 1.49(s, 6H) 1.38 (s, 6H) 1.05 (t, 1H, J=6.552 Hz) 0.97 (q, 4H, J=3.723 Hz) MS (ESI) m/z 643 (M+H+, 100).
  • 2-{3-Cyclopropylmethyl-4-[3-(R)-(4-fluorophenyl)-2S-(2-methylamino-acetylamino)-propionyl]-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-(S)-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    7.97 (d, 1H, J=7.40) 7.78-7.61 (m, 3H) 7.53 (s, 1H) 7.46-7.33 (m, 3H) 7.06 (q, 2H, J=5.33 Hz) 6.97(q, 2H, J=3.14 Hz) 6.91-6.79 (m, 1H) 6.33-6.18 (m, 1H) 5.42 (q, 1H, J=6.86 Hz) 5.29 (q, 1H, J=6.88 Hz) 5.03 (d, 1H, J=7.75 Hz) 4.92 (d, 1H, J=7.49 Hz) 4.73 (t, 1H, 5.32) 3.37-2.94 (m, 2H) 2.60-2.70 (m,2H) 2.63(d, 3H, J=6.07 Hz) 1.32-1.21 (m, 1H) 1.08 (d, 2H, J=6.59 Hz) 1.00 (q, 4H, J=6.570 Hz) 0.21-0.18 (m, 4H) MS (ESI) m/z 629 (M+H+, 100).
  • The fourth aspect of Category II comprises analogs with a scaffold having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00098
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R4, R5b, R8 and Q are defined herein below in Table VI.
    TABLE VI
    No. R1 R7a R5a R5b Q R8
    511 methyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    512 ethyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    513 propyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    514 iso-propyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    515 cyclopropyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    516 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    517 allyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    518 methyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    519 ethyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    520 propyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    521 iso-propyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    522 cyclopropyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    523 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    524 allyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    525 methyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    526 ethyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    527 propyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    528 iso-propyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    529 cyclopropyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    530 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    531 allyl —CO2H —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    532 methyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    533 ethyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    534 propyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    535 iso-propyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    536 cyclopropyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    537 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    538 allyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    539 methyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    540 ethyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    541 propyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    542 iso-propyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    543 cyclopropyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    544 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    545 allyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    546 methyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    547 ethyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    548 propyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    549 iso-propyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    550 cyclopropyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    551 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    552 allyl —CO2CH3 —H —H —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    553 methyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    554 ethyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    555 propyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    556 iso-propyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    557 cyclopropyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    558 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    559 allyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    560 methyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    561 ethyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    562 propyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    563 iso-propyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    564 cyclopropyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    565 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    566 allyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    567 methyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    568 ethyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    569 propyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    570 iso-propyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    571 cyclopropyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    572 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    573 allyl —CO2H —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    574 methyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    575 ethyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    576 propyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    577 iso-propyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    578 cyclopropyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    579 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    580 allyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    581 methyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    582 ethyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    583 propyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    584 iso-propyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    585 cyclopropyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    586 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorphenyl)methyl
    587 methyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    588 ethyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    589 propyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    590 iso-propyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    591 cyclopropyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    592 cyclopropylmethyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    593 allyl —CO2CH3 —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds which comprise the fourth aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared starting with intermediate compounds such as 15 as outlined in Scheme VII herein below.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00099
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00100
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00101
    • EXAMPLE 7 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-mmethyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (27)
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methylester (25): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 15, (531 mg, 0.842 mmol) is dissolved into a mixture of TFA/anisole/CH2Cl2 (45:5:50, 10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 minutes, concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford the TFA salt of the desired compound.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methylester (26): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methylester, 25, (37 mg, 0.068 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) are added 2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-propionic acid (202 mg, 0.079 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (20 mg, 0.148 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (41 mg, 0.41 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (16 mg, 0.083 mmol) consecutively. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue which is purified over silica gel (CH2Cl2/CH3OH, 13:1) to afford the desired product.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-mmethyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (27): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-propionyl-amino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 26, (45 mg, 0.063 mmol) is dissolved into a mixture of TFA/anisole/CH2Cl2 (45:5:50, 2 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 minutes, concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford the TFA salt of the desired compound.
  • A further iteration of the fourth aspect of Category II relates to R7a units which are carboxy, which can be prepared from the corresponding esters as outlined in Scheme VIII.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00102
    • EXAMPLE 8 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-mmethyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (28)
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-mmethyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (28):
  • To a solution of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-mmethyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 27, (518 mg, 0.842 mmol) in a mixture of THF (5 mL)/CH3OH (1 mL)/H2O (2 mL) is added LiOH (100 mg, 4.17 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 4 hours, acidified with 1N HCl to pH 3 and extracted several times with EtOAc. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and dried under high vacuum to give the free acid in quantitative yield.
  • A fifth aspect of Category II melanocortin receptor ligands relate to compounds wherein R5a and R5b are taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms, said compounds having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00103
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R5a/R5b ring, R7a, R8 and Q are defined herein below in Table VII. 1,2,3,4-THN-2-yl stands for 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthylen-2-yl.
    TABLE VII
    No. R1 R5a/R5b ring Q R7a R8
    594 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    595 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    596 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    597 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    598 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    599 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    600 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    601 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    602 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    603 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    604 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    605 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    606 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    607 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    608 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    609 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    610 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    611 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    612 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    613 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    614 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    615 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    616 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    617 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    618 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    619 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    620 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    621 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    622 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    623 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    624 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    625 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    626 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    627 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    628 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    629 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    630 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    631 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    632 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    633 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    634 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    635 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    636 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    637 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    638 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    639 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    640 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    641 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    642 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    643 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    644 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    645 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    646 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    647 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    648 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    649 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    650 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    651 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    652 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    653 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    654 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    655 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    656 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    657 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    658 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    659 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    660 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    661 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    662 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    663 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    664 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    665 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    666 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    667 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    668 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    669 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    670 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    671 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    672 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    673 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    674 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    675 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    676 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    677 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    678 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    679 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    680 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    681 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    682 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    683 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    684 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    685 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    686 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    687 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    688 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    689 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    690 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    691 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    692 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    693 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    694 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    695 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    696 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    697 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    698 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    699 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    700 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    701 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    702 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    703 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    704 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    705 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    706 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    707 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    708 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    709 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    710 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    711 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    712 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    713 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3.4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds which comprise the fifth aspect of Category II melanocortin receptor ligands can be suitably prepared starting with intermediate compound 18 as outline in Scheme IX herein below.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00104
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00105
    • EXAMPLE 9 1-Amino-cyclopropane carboxylic acid [2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1′-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1′-(4fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (30)
  • Preparation of {1-[2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1′-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1′-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]cyclopropyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (29): To a solution of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide, 18, (62 mg, 0.12 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) are added tert-butoxycarbonylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (28.5 mg, 0.14 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (36 mg, 0.266 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (74 mg, 0.74 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (29 mg, 0.15 mmol) consecutively. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hours, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl and extracted several times with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a residue, which is purified over silica gel (CH2Cl2/CH3OH, 13:1) to afford the desired product.
  • Preparation of 1-amino-cyclopropane carboxylic acid [2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (30): {1-[2-[2-cyclopropylmethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]cyclopropyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 29, (63 mg, 0.09 mmol) was dissolved into a mixture of TFA/anisole/CH2Cl2 (45:5:50, 2 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour, concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC purification to afford the TFA salt of the desired compound.
  • N-[2-{4-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-isonicotinamide HCl: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 9.01 (br s, 2H), 8.32 (d, 2H, J=5.7 Hz), 7.39-7.31 (m, 6H), 7.04 (m, 2H), 5.44 (m, 1H), 5.31 (m, 1H), 4.75 (m, 1H), 4.05 (m, 1H), 3.77-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.30-3.00 (m, 5H), 2.83, 2.74 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 1.44-0.83 (m, 7H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    172.0, 171.9, 171.4, 171.3, 170.7, 169.0, 165.0, 164.4, 162.8, 150.6, 145.0, 137.1, 137.0, 133.9, 133.7, 133.5, 133.3, 132.6, 132.5, 132.1, 132.0, 131.7, 129.8, 126.5, 126.0, 116.8, 116.7, 116.5, 116.4, 73.7, 72.6, 62.3, 59.8, 58.0, 57.4, 53.4, 52.8, 49.7, 48.1, 43.9, 43.3, 42.7, 42.6, 39.5, 38.8, 38.1, 36.7, 35.5, 35.3, 34.7, 26.6, 20.2, 20.0, 19.7, 14.3, 9.4; MS m/z (ESI): 608 (M+H, 60), 610 (M+2+H, 20), 630 (M+Na+ H, 100).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoro-acetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.26 (m, 6H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 5.48 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 4.67 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.61 (m, 1H), 3.26-2.93 (m, 6H), 2.80, 2.74 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 1.62 (m, 1H), 1.39-1.20 (m, 5H), 0.79 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.9, 171.7, 171.5, 170.7, 170.5, 169.0, 164.2, 162.6, 162.5, 136.8, 133.8, 133.6, 132.3, 131.9, 131.8, 129.6, 116.6, 116.5, 116.3, 116.2, 59.6, 57.5, 57.4, 57.2, 52.6, 52.1, 42.9, 42.5, 39.3, 38.3, 37.6, 36.5, 36.3, 35.5, 35.0, 34.8, 26.4, 20.1, 19.8, 14.2, 13.5, 13.3, 13.2; MS m/z (ESI): 586 (M+H, 80), 588 (M+2+H, 28), 338 (100).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.16 (m, 6H), 6.90 (m, 2H), 5.36 (m, 1H), 4.98 (m, 1H), 4.55 (m, 1H), 3.88 (m, 1H), 3.48 (m, 1H), 3.15-2.83 (m, 6H), 2.68, 2.62 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.58, 2.55 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(CH2—CH2)C(O), rotamers), 1.52 (m, 1H), 1.36 (m, 3H), 1.11 (m, 2H), 0.68 (m, 5H); ° C. NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.9, 171.8, 171.6, 171.4, 170.5, 169.5, 164.2, 162.6, 162.4, 162.1, 136.8, 133.8, 133.7, 132.4, 132.3, 131.9, 131.8, 129.6, 116.6, 116.4, 116.3, 116.1, 59.7, 57.4, 57.2, 52.6, 52.0, 43.6, 43.0, 42.5, 39.2, 38.3, 37.6, 36.5, 35.5, 35.0, 34.8, 32.8, 32.7, 26.4, 20.1, 19.8, 14.2, 13.4, 13.2; MS m/z (ESI): 600 (M+H, 80), 602 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz, with rotamers) □ 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 4H), 6.87 (m, 2H), 5.43 (m, 1H), 4.92 (m, 1H), 4.53 (m, 1H), 3.88 (m, 1H), 3.38 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.06 (m, 3H), 2.83 (m, 3H), 2.63, 2.58 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 1.45 (m, 1H), 1.23-1.17 (m, 5H), 0.65 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.7, 171.5, 171.3, 171.2, 170.7, 170.4, 168.9, 164.2, 162.7, 162.6, 162.5, 136.4, 136.3, 134.8, 134.7, 133.9, 133.7, 133.6, 133.5, 132.3, 131.9, 130.3, 128.4, 119.0, 116.5, 116.4, 116.3, 116.2, 134.1, 1332.7, 132.6, 132.3, 130.7, 128.8, 117.0, 116.8, 116.5, 59.6, 57.1, 56.0, 52.6, 52.1, 43.3, 42.9, 42.3, 38.9, 38.2, 37.6, 36.6, 36.3, 35.4, 32.7, 32.3, 26.5, 20.1, 19.9, 14.2, 13.6, 13.4, 13.3; MS m/z (ESI): 620 (M+H, 60), 602 (M+2+H, 40).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 4H), 6.81 (m, 2H), 5.35 (m, 1H), 4.88 (m, 1H), 4.46 (m, 1H), 3.76 (m, 1H), 3.29-3.00 (m, 4H), 2.77 (m, 3H), 2.73, 2.57 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.51, 2.46 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(CH2—CH2)C(O), rotamers), 1.41 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 3H), 1.08 (m, 2H), 0.59 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.0, 171.0, 170.0, 165.5, 162.2, 136.7, 135.2, 135.1, 134.1, 132.8, 132.7, 130.7, 128.8, 116.8, 116.5, 60.1, 57.5, 56.5, 52.9, 52.4, 44.143.8, 42.7, 38.1, 37.0, 35.9, 33.3, 32.7, 26.9, 20.5, 20.3, 14.6, 13.8; MS m/z (ESI): 634 (M+H, 100), 606 (M+2+H, 70).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 7.00˜8.00 (m, 11H), 4.57 (m, 1H), 4.10˜4.30 (m, 2H), 2.60˜3.75 (m, 12H), 1.85 (bs, 2H), 1.25˜1.50 (m, 2H), 0.40˜0.60 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 592 (M+1).
  • The following are non-limiting examples of analogs according to Category II of the melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention.
  • N-(2-Fluoroethyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 8.38-8.86 (m, 0.3H), 7.77-7.89 (m, 3H), 7.62-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.38-7.58 (m, 3H), 7.15-7.30 (m, 2H), 6.94-7.11 (m, 2H), 5.52-5.65 (m, 1H), 4.20-4.68 (m, 4H), 3.16-3.68 (m, 8H), 2.56-3.04 (m, 5H), 0.72-1.14 (m, 2H), 0.18-0.66 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 172.23, 169.85, 167.14, 162.39, 135.65, 135.03, 134.10, 132.90, 132.79, 130.66, 129.45, 128.91, 128.83, 128.63, 128.32, 127.57, 127.04, 117.10, 116.81, 84.29, 82.07, 59.79, 58.32, 57.87, 43.58, 42.84, 41.42, 41.14, 39.31, 37.13, 36.63, 35.69, 35.47, 32.34, 19.78, 13.86; MS (ESMS) m/z 565.4 (M+H)+.
  • N-(2-Fluoroethyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-isopropylamino-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 8.36-8.46 (m, 0.6H), 7.70-7.92 (m, 3H), 7.34-7.65 (m, 4H), 7.16-7.33 (m, 2H), 6.94-7.10 (m, 2H), 5.57 (dd, J=12.3, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (dd, J=10.8, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.46-4.60 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.36-3.37 (m, 5H), 3.09-3.32 (m, 4H), 2.90-3.04 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.64 (m, 1H), 1.23-1.36 (m, 6H), 0.60-1.14 (m, 2H), 0.14-0.58 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 172.49, 170.00, 167.27, 165.92, 162.65, 135.88, 135.28, 134.36, 133.28, 133.18, 132.65, 132.54, 130.90, 129.71, 129.18, 129.04, 128.88, 128.54, 127.85, 127.32, 117.81, 117.30, 117.01, 84.56, 82.34, 58.54, 58.36, 56.22, 51.53, 43.77, 43.26, 41.67, 41.40, 38.02, 35.96, 35.77, 20.62, 20.02, 19.24, 14.10; MS (ESMS) m/z 593.3 (M+H)+.
  • 2-{4-[2-Ethylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 8.60-8.70 (m, 0.15H), 8.37-8.48 (m, 0.75H), 7.75-7.89 (m, 3H), 7.61-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.36-7.59 (m, 3H), 7.14-7.30 (m, 2H), 6.94-7.11 (m, 2H), 5.60 (dd, J=11.8, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 4.17-4.72 (m, 4H), 3.12-3.70 (m, 7H), 2.74-3.08 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.64 (m, 1H), 1.30 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H), 0.12-1.16 (m, 7H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 172.48, 170.06, 168.18, 167.47, 165.91, 163.15, 162.65, 135.85, 135.28, 134.37, 133.16, 133.06, 132.56, 132.46, 131.03, 130.99, 129.69, 129.16, 129.06, 128.87, 128.56, 127.82, 127.30, 117.83, 117.55, 117.34, 117.05, 84.55, 82.34, 59.48, 59.35, 58.64, 58.32, 58.20, 57.36, 43.57, 43.34, 43.21, 41.67, 41.39, 39.72, 37.81, 37.63, 37.01, 35.97, 35.74, 20.00, 14.10, 12.07; MS (ESMS) m/z 579.3 (M+H)+.
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-methyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-methyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-ethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-ethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propionyl]-3-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-cyclopropyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Acetylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]-3-propyl-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl}-N-cyclopropyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl propionamide;
  • The Category III melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprises the 2-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00106
    the first aspect of which comprises compounds having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00107
  • wherein R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a, and R8 are defined herein below in Table VIII and in the examples which follow.
    TABLE VIII
    No. R1 R7a R8
    714 methyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    715 ethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    716 propyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    717 iso-propyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    718 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    719 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    720 allyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    721 methyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    722 ethyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    723 propyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    724 iso-propyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    725 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    726 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    727 allyl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    728 methyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    729 ethyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    730 propyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    731 iso-propyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    732 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    733 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    734 allyl —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    735 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    736 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    737 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    738 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    739 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    740 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    741 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    742 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    743 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    744 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    745 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    746 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    747 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    748 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    749 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    750 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    751 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    752 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    753 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    754 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    755 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    756 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    757 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    758 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    759 iso-propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    760 cyclopropyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    761 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    762 allyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    763 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    764 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    765 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    766 iso-propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    767 cyclopropyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    768 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    769 allyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    770 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    771 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    772 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    773 iso-propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    774 cyclopropyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    775 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    776 allyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    777 methyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    778 ethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    779 propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    780 iso-propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    781 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    782 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    783 allyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    784 methyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    785 ethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    786 propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    787 iso-propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    788 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    789 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    790 allyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    791 methyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    792 ethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    793 propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    794 iso-propyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    795 cyclopropyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    796 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    797 allyl —C(O)NH(CH2CH2F) (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    798 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    799 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    800 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    801 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    802 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    803 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    804 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    805 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    806 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    807 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    808 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    809 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    810 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    811 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    812 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    813 methyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    814 ethyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
    815 propyl —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the first aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme X.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00108
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00109
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00110
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00111
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00112
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00113
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00114
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00115
    • EXAMPLE 10 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide HCl (38)
  • Preparation of 3-naphthalen-2-yl-[2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-butyryl-amino]-propionic acid methyl ester (31): 2-Amino-3-naphthen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride (1401 g, 52.2 mmol) and 2-(2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl-amino)-butyric acid (19.7 g, 68.4 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (13.4 g, 106.4 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (12.3 g, 63.9 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (75 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (17.5 mL, 160.0 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (100 mL) and water (800 mL) are added and the organic layer is decanted. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×200 mL), the organic layers combined, washed with water (200 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 26.6 g, (quantitative yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.90 (d, J=10.2 Hz, 1H), 7.76-7.65 (m, 4H), 7.55-7.38 (m, 5H), 7.12-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.67 (d, J=11.7 Hz, 1H), 6.05 (d, J=11.7 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (quartet, J=7.3 Hz,1H), 3.88-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.20 (double quartet, J=14.6, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 1.75-1.45 (m,2H), 0.070 (t, J=11.7 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR, □ 175.0, 171.0, 148.0, 134.0, 133.8, 133.6, 133.2, 132.9, 130.9, 130.3, 128.7, 128.4, 128.0, 127.6, 126.7, 126.3, 125.8, 59.3, 53.8, 52.9, 38.4, 36.9, 31.9, 26.8, 9.8.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-ethyl-4-(2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (32): To a solution of 3-naphthalen-2-yl-2-[2-(2-nitrobenzenesulfonylamino)-butyryl amino]-propionic acid methyl ester, 31, (26.6 g, 53.2 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (100 mL) is added 1,2-dibromoethane (100.0 g, 532.0 mmol) and potassium carbonate (66.1 g, 479.0 mmol). The reaction mixture is heated at 60° C. over night. The reaction mixture is cooled in an ice bath and the pH is adjusted to ˜3 with 1M KHSO4. The reaction mixture is extracted with EtOAc (3×300 mL). The organic layers are combined and washed with water (200 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue is purified over silica (Hexane: EtOAc 1:1; 5% MeOH in EtOAc) to afford 27.4 g (98% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 8.02-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.84-7.70 (m, 3H), 7.64-7.58 (m, 3H), 7.55-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.50-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.35 (dd, J−12.0, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H, 3.78-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 3.52 (dd, J=15.0, 6.0 Hz, 1H), 3.30-3.10 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.38 (m, 1H), 0.56 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR, □ 170.5, 167.8, 148.0, 134.2, 134.0, 133.6, 133.1, 132.6, 132.3, 130.9, 128.5, 127.9, 127.7, 127.5, 126.9, 126.5, 126.0, 124.6.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-ethyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (33): To a solution of 2-[3-ethyl-4-(2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 32, (5.3 g, 10. mmol) in anhydrous THF (10 mL) is added 1.0 M borane-tetrahydrofuran complex (32.0 mL) at −20° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at this temperature overnight. Methanol (3 mL) is added to the reaction mixture at −20° C. and the solution is allowed to stir for twenty minutes. Additional methanol (6 mL) is added and the reaction mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature. The solvent is removed in vacuo and the product is purified over silica (EtOAc/Hexane: 1:1) to afford 4.1 g (68% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 8.04-7.98m, (1H), 7.80-7.72 (m, 3H), 7.61-7.52 (m, 4H), 7.45-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.28 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.78 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 3.64 (d, J=11.0 Hz, 1H), 3.50 (s, 3H), 3.48 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.24-3.10 (m, 2H), 3.10-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.90 (t, J=11.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66 (d, J=2.4 Hz), 2.38-2.20 (m, 1H), 1.61-1.48 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.32 (m, 1H), 0.58 (t, J=9.6 Hz, 3H);); 13C NMR, □ 171.7, 148.0, 135.9, 134.2, 133.7, 132.4, 132.0, 130.9, 128.0, 127.7, 127.6, 126.2, 125.6, 124.4, 69.0, 56.4, 53.8, 51.3, 47.0, 41.9, 35.2, 22.2, 10.7.
  • Preparation of 2-(3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (34): To a solution of 2-[3-ethyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 33, (4.1 g, 8.0 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (40 mL) is added potassium carbonate (6.7 g, 48.2 mmol) and 4-mercaptophenol (3.0 g, 24.1 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for six hours at room temperature, cooled in a ice bath and the pH adjusted to ˜3 with 1M HCl. The reaction mixture is extracted with Et2O (4×100 mL), the organic layers combined and extracted with 1M HCl (100 mL). The organic layers are then discarded. The aqueous layers were combined and cooled in ice bath and pH was adjusted to ˜10 with K2CO3. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (4×125 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The combined organic layers are concentrated in vacuo to afford 2.1 g (80% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.84-7.75 (m, 3H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.50-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.35 (dd, J=8.3, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 3.60(s, 3H), 3.55-3.50 (m, 1H), 3.30-3.24 (m, 1H), 3.18-3.08 (m, 1H), 3.05-2.75 (m, 5H), 2.70-2.55 (m, 1H), 2.50 (dd, J=10.4, 4.1 Hz, 1H), 2.04 (t, J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 1.52-1.32 (M, 2H), 1.00 (t, J=8.3 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR, □ 171.8, 135.9, 133.7, 132.4, 128.1, 128.0, 127.9, 127.8, 126.1, 125.6, 120.8, 70.0, 57.3, 54.3, 52.9, 51.3, 46.4, 35.7, 27.5, 10.6.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (35): 2-(3-Ethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 34, (2.1 g, 6.4 mmol) and N-Boc-D-4-fluorophenylalanine (1.9 g, 6.8 mmol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HATU) (4.9 g, 12.9 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (20 mL). This reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.75 mL, 6.8 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (75 mL) and water (300 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×150 mL). The combined organic layers are washed with water (100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue is purified over silica (EtOAc/Hexane, 1:2) to afford 3.5 g (91% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.82-7.75 (m, 3H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.52-7.40 (M, 2H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.02-6.92 (m2H), 5.75-5.62 (M, 1H), 5.18 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 0.5H), 4.90 (quartet, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4750-4.62 (m, 0.5H), 4.50-4.25 (m, 1H), 3.64 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 3H), 3.58-3.38 (m, 1.5H), 3.30-2.90 (m, 6H), 2.90-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.62-2.25 (d, J=11.6 Hz,1H), 2.15-2.00 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.50 (m, 1.5H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.35-1.20 (m, 1H), 0.6 (t, J=9.7 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR, □ 174.2, 171.6, 171.0, 170.2, 164.0, 160.2, 156, 135.7, 133.7, 132.4, 131.4, 131.3, 128.1, 127.8, 127.6, 127.5, 126.2, 125.7, 115.7, 115.5, 115.4, 115.3, 79.9, 68.9, 68.7, 55.9, 54.1, 53.7, 51.4, 51.2, 51.0, 47.5, 46.6, 40.1, 39.1, 38.1, 35.4, 28.5, 22.9, 21.9, 10.6, 10.0
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (36): LiOH (0.61 g, 25.5 mmol) is added to a cold solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 35, (3.5 g, 5.9 mmol) in THF/H2O (2:1, 36 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled in a ice bath and the pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The organic layers are combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3.4 g (98% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of [2-[4-(1-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (37): To solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid, 36, (0.3 g, 0.5 mmol) and 2-(1-oxy-pyridine-2-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisothiouronium tetrafluoroborate (TOTT) (0.24 g, 0.8 mmol) in DMF (2.0 mL) are added ammonium chloride (0.06 g, 1.0 mmol) and DIEA (0.2 mL, 1.0 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour then a saturated solution of ammonium chloride (30 mL) is added. The reaction mixture is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL), then the combined organic layers are washed with 2M HCl (2×10 mL), water (2×10 mL), a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate (2×10 mL), water (2×10 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.26 g (87% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.75-7.55 (m, 4H), 7.38-7.20 (m,3H), 7.10-7.00 (m, 2H), 6.90-6.80 (m, 2H), 6.40-6.00 (m, 1H), 5.55-5.25 (m, 1H), 4.45-4.18 (m, 1H), 3.60-2.00 (m, 10H), 1.80-1.32 (m, 2H), 1.32-1.18 (m, 11H), 0.70-0.55 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, □ 175.0, 172.0, 171.0, 170.0, 164.0, 160.0, 155.2, 137.3, 133.8, 132.6, 132.4, 131.5, 131.4, 131.3, 131.2, 131.1, 128.4, 128.0, 127.8, 126.4, 125.8, 116.0, 115.8, 115.7, 115.6, 115.4, 80.4, 80.0, 70.6, 70.3, 60.7, 55.5, 51.8, 51.4, 51.1, 50.8, 50.4, 41.9, 40.2, 39.2, 38.0, 37.9, 32.6, 28.6, 23.3, 22.4, 21.4, 14.5, 10.9, 10.3.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide HCl (38): [2-[4-(1-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 37, (0.26 g, 0.5 mmol) is dissolved in 4M HCl in dioxane (7 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 60 minutes, then 1,2-dichloroethane (7 mL) is added. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.24 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product.
  • Other iterations of R7a can be obtained from Intermediate 36 as outlined in Scheme XI.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00116
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00117
    • EXAMPLE 11 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-flourophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide Hydrochloride (41)
  • Preparation of [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (40): To a cold solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid, 36, (1.7 g, 3.0 mmol) and benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidinol-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (2.0 g, 3.8 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (10 mL) are added 2 M methyl amine solution in THF (1.5 mL, 3.0 mmol) and triethyl amine (1.0 mL, 7.4 mmol). The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (50 mL) and water (200 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organic layers are washed with brine (100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product is purified over silica (EtOAc/hexane, 1:1) to afford 1.3 g (73% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz, δ): 7.75-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.39-7.29 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.2 (m, 1H), 7.10-7.02 (m, 2H), 6.90-6.82 (m, 2H), 6.51-6.30 (m, 1H), 5.31 (d, J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.15 (m, 2.5H), 3.55-3.12 (m, 3H), 3.00-2.05 (m, 10H), 1.85-1.45 (m, 10H), 0.7 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 174.0, 172.0, 171.0, 170.0, 163.9, 160.6, 155.2, 137.4, 133.8, 132.4, 131.5, 131.4, 131.3, 131.2, 128.4, 128.0, 127.8, 126.4, 125.8, 116.0, 115.7, 115.4, 80.0, 70.9, 70.7, 60.7, 55.4, 52.1, 51.2, 51.0, 50.5, 49.8, 41.9, 40.2, 39.4, 38.0, 32.4, 28.6, 26.3, 23.3, 22.3, 21.4, 14.5, 10.8, 10.3.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide Hydrochloride (41): [2-[2-Ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 40, is dissolved in 4M HCl in dioxane (20 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour, then 1,2-dichloroethane (20 mL) is added. Solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 1.1 g (99% yield) of the desired product.
  • Scheme XII illustrates the replacement of 4-fluorophenyl as the R unit with 4-chlorophenyl.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00118
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00119
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00120
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00121
    • EXAMPLE 12 2-{4-[2-amino-3-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide HCl (45)
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (42): 2-(3-Ethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 34, (0.52 g, 1.6 mmol) and Boc-D-4-chlorophenylalanine (0.5 g, 1.7 mmol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-uronium hexafluoro-phosphate (1.2 g, 3.2 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (20 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.35 mL, 3.2 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (75 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×50 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (20 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The organic layers are concentrated in vacuo to afford 1.0 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.70-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 7.35-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.22-7.13 (m, 4H), 7.07-7.02 (m, 2H), 5.59 (dd, J=13.5, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (q, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 2.28-4.21 (m, 1H), 3.53 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 3H), 3.42-3.08 (m, 2H), 3.04-2.81 m, 4H), 2.80 (s, 1H), 2.75 (s, 3H), 2.64-2.60 (m, 1H), 2.46 (t, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 2.20-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.40 (m, 1H), 1.18 (s,9H), 0.54-0.47 (m, 2H); 13C NMR,
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    171.6, 170.5, 170.0, 162.9, 155.0, 150.7, 135.8, 135.2, 133.6, 132.8, 132.4, 131.1, 131.2, 128.9, 128.7, 128.6, 128.0, 127.7, 127.6, 126.2, 125.6, 124.5, 120.4, 79.7, 68.9, 60.5, 55.8, 53.7, 51.4, 51.0, 47.4, 47.0, 41.5, 40.0, 39.0, 38.7, 38.0, 36.6, 35.3, 35.0, 31.6, 28.4, 22.8, 21.8, 21.1, 14.3, 10.5, 10.0.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl}-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (43): LiOH (0.2 g, 7.9 mmol) is added to the cold solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 42, (1.0 g, 1.6 mmol) in THF/H2O (2/1, 30 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled in ice bath and the pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×75 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The organic layers are concentrated in vacuo to afford 1.0 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (44): To a cold solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid, 43, (1.0 g, 1.6 mmol) and PyBOP (1.1 g, 2.0 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (10 mL) are added 2 M methyl amine solution in THF (0.9 mL, 1.6 mmol) and triethyl amine (0.6 mL, 3.9 mmol). The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (50 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, the organic layer is decanted and the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×75 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with brine (100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, concentrated in vacuo and purified over silica (EtOAc/Hexane, 1:1) to provide 1.0 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz): δ 7.72-7.50 (m, 4H), 7.29-7.14 (m, 4H), 7.10-7.04 (m, 2H), 7.00-6.97 (m, 3H), 5.60-5.51 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.11 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.26 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.86-2.79 (m, 3H), 2.75-2.59 (m, 5H), 2.56-2.47 (m, 1H), 2.43-2.29 (m, 1H), 2.05-2.01 (m,1H), 1.61 (s, 9H), 0.64-0.54 (m, 2); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 75 MHz): δ 171.9, 170.3, 170.0, 155.0, 137.4, 137.2, 135.3, 135.1, 133.6, 132.8, 132.2, 131.2, 131.1, 131.0, 128.7, 128.6, 128.4, 127.9, 127.8, 127.6, 127.5, 126.4, 126.0, 125.4, 124.7, 118.6, 110.4, 79.6, 69.9, 55.4, 50.9, 50.2, 46.4, 39.8, 37.9, 32.0, 32.6, 28.4, 26.5, 26.1, 23.0, 22.0, 10.6, 10.0.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide HCl (45): {1-(4-Chlorobenzyl)-2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 44, (1.0 g, 1.6 mmol) is dissolved in 4M HCl in dioxane (20 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 60 minutes then 1,2-dichloroethane (20 mL) is added. Solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 1 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of analogs which comprise the first aspect of Category III according to the present invention.
  • 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, ppm,CD3OD), rotamers: □ 7.78-7.76, m, 3H, 7.65, s, 1H, 7.43-7.31, m, 5H, 7.11-7.15, m, 2H, 4.72-4.67, m, 0.5H, 4.54-4.49, m, 1H, 4.34-4.29, m, 0.5H, 3.64-3.54, m, 1H, 3.42-3.31, m, 3H, 3.26-2.98, m, 7H; 2.88-2.81, m, 1H, 2.71-2.58, m, 5H, 1.58-1.23, m, 2H, 1.08, m, 2H, 0.78-0.72, m, 3H. Carbon 13NMR (300 MHz, ppm,CD3OD), rotamers: □ 171.10, 170.57, 166.91, 164.36, 161.12, 135.57, 135.05, 133.79, 132.66, 131.78, 131.66, 131.54, 131.44, 130.00, 127.82, 127.74, 127.42, 127.29, 125.95, 125.89, 125.48, 125.37, 116.01, 115.80, 115.51, 54.31, 52.91, 52.08, 50.90, 50.60, 49.84, 40.98, 37.92, 37.11, 36.31, 34.33, 34.29, 31.86, 30.99, 24.70, 19.17, 18.99, 12.80, 12.86. MS(ESI) m/e 505 [M+1].
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz): δ with rotamers 7.34-7.08 (m, 8H), 4.72-4.37 (m, 2H), 3.68-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.23-2.84 (m, 8H), 2.67, 2.62 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.40-1.68 (m, 1H), 1.49 (m, 2H), 1.17 (m, 2H), 0.90 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.0, 169.0, 166.0, 162.8, 162.7, 162.3, 138.3, 137.6, 134.1, 133.8, 133.4, 133.3, 133.2, 133.1, 132.3, 131.6, 129.9, 129.8, 117.6, 117.4, 117.3, 117.1, 112.3, 71.1, 70.9, 55.8, 54.3, 53.6, 52.5, 52.2, 51.2, 50.3, 38.7, 37.9, 34.9, 33.5, 32.6, 26.3, 20.8, 20.6, 14.6, 14.5; MS m/z (ESI): 489 (M+H, 100), 491 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.21-6.94 (m, 8H), 4.53-4.13 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.26 (m, 1H), 3.04-2.57 (m, 7H), 2.51, 2.49 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.36 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.47 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.11 (m, 2H), 0.95 (m, 2H), 0.67 (t, 3H, J=7.1 Hz); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 5 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.2, 173.0, 168.3, 166.0, 162.7, 137.8, 137.6, 135.6, 133.4, 133.3, 133.2, 133.1, 131.6, 130.9, 129.7, 129.6, 128.3, 117.6, 117.4, 117.3, 117.1, 114.1, 69.4, 69.2, 56.2, 54.6, 53.6, 52.5, 52.1, 51.9, 43.2, 39.9, 38.8, 38.0, 33.5, 32.5, 26.2, 20.8, 20.6, 14.7; MS m/z (ESI): 489 (M+H, 100), 491 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.22-6.96 (m, 8H), 4.93-4.21 (m, 2H), 3.50-3.13 (m, 2H), 2.97-2.79 (m, 6H), 2.57, 2.53 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.45 (m, 2H), 2.12-1.55 (m, 1H), 1.37(m, 2H), 1.03 (m, 2H), 0.79 (t, 3H, J=7.1 Hz); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 172.7, 172.4, 168.5, 166.0, 162.7, 142.5, 142.0, 135.5, 135.4, 133.4, 133.3, 133.1, 133.0, 131.6, 131.2, 130.8, 129.1, 128.1, 127.9, 117.6, 117.4, 117.3, 117.1, 71.0, 70.8, 56.0, 54.6, 53.7, 52.5, 52.2, 51.7, 42.9, 39.7, 38.7, 37.9, 35.4, 35.2, 33.5, 32.6, 26.2, 20.8, 20.6, 14.7, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 489 (M+H, 100), 491 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.33-7.14 (m, 4H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 4.69-4.25 (m, 2H), 3.56-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.29-2.78 (m, 7H), 2.70, 2.67 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.55-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.12-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.25 (m, 2H), 1.10 (m, 2H), 0.87 (t, 3H, J=7.3 Hz); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.9, 168.5, 166.0, 162.7, 136.9, 136.6, 136.4, 134.5, 134.4, 133.4, 133.3, 133.2, 133.1, 131.6, 130.5, 128.5, 117.6, 117.4, 117.3, 117.2, 69.2, 68.9, 56.2, 54.7, 53.8, 52.5, 52.1, 51.9, 43.1, 39.8, 38.8, 38.0, 33.5, 32.9, 32.8, 32.6, 26.2, 20.8, 20.6, 14.7, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 523 (M+H, 100), 525 (M+2+H, 70).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.40-7.17 (m, 8H), 4.76-4.29 (m, 4H), 3.69-3.37 (m, 4H), 3.25-2.88 (m, 4H), 2.75-2.34 (m, 2H), 1.92 (m, 2H), 1.63-1.18 (m, 3H), 1.24 (m, 2H), 0.96 (t, 3H, J=7.2 Hz); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 172.6, 172.0, 168.5, 166.0, 162.7, 162.4, 138.6, 138.2, 133.9, 133.7, 133.3, 133.1, 132.3, 131.6, 129.8, 117.6, 117.4, 117.1, 84.5, 82.3, 71.0, 70.9, 55.9, 54.6, 53.6, 52.5, 51.6, 47.8, 42.8, 41.3, 41.0, 39.6, 38.6, 37.9, 35.1, 34.7, 33.6, 32.7, 27.8, 27.7, 20.8, 20.7, 14.7, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 521 (M+H, 60), 523 (M+2+H, 20), 258(100).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.865 (t, 3H, J=6.9 Hz), 1.128 (m, 2H), 1.411 (m, 2H), 2.681, 2.719 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.856 (m, 3H), 3.072 (m, 5H), 3.338 (m, 3H), 3.529 (d, 1H, J=12.9), 4.465 (d, 1H, J=12.9), 4.515 (m, 2H), 4.705 (t, 1H, J=7.2), 7.103 (m, 4H), 7.300 (m, 4H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 42.462, 46.229, 46.726; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.9, 164.8, 162.7, 161.4, 133.3, 133.1, 133.0, 129.8, 125.5, 117.5, 117.3, 117.2, 117.0, 116.5, 116.2, 69.9, 69.6, 56.2, 54.6, 53.7, 52.4, 52.1, 52.0, 43.3, 40.0, 38.7, 33.4, 32.5, 29.2, 29.0, 26.3, 26.2, 20.7, 20.6, 14.7, 14.6; MS m/e 473 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.921 (t, 3H), 1.200 (m, 2H), 1.511 (m, 2H), 2.643, 2.687 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.948 (m, 3H), 3.056 (m, 5H), 3.334 (m, 3H), 3.650 (d, 1H), 4.349 (d, 1H), 4.518 (m, 2H), 4.732 (t, 1H), 6.993 (m, 3H), 7.140 (m, 1H), □ 7.325 (m, 4H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 42.462, 46.229, 46.726; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 166.2, 165.9, 162.7, 142.9, 133.3, 133.2, 133.1, 133.0, 131.6, 131.4, 131.3, 126.5, 117.6, 117.4, 117.3, 117.1, 117.0, 114.7, 114.6, 114.4, 114.3, 71.1, 70.9, 56.0, 54.5, 53.6, 52.5, 52.1, 51.8, 43.1, 39.8, 37.9, 35.5, 33.5, 32.6, 26.2, 20.8, 20.6, 14.6, 14.5; MS m/e 473 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.91 (t, 3H, J=6.9), 1.16 (m, 2H), 1.48 (m, 2H), 2.63, 2.67 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.88 (m, 3H), 3.08 (m, 5H), 3.36 (m, 3H), 3.60 (d, 1H), 4.31 (d, 1H, J=12.9), 4.54 (m, 2H), 4.711 (t, 1H), 7.01 (m, 2H), 7.15 (m, 4H), 7.32 (m, 2H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 46.718, 47.167, 47.378; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 166.2, 165.9, 162.7, 142.9, 133.3, 133.2, 133.1, 133.0, 131.6, 131.4, 131.3, 126.5, 117.6, 117.5, 117.4, 117.2, 117.1, 114.7, 114.6, 114.4, 114.3, 71.1, 70.9, 56.1, 54.5, 53.6, 52.5, 52.2, 51.8, 50.3, 43.0, 39.9, 37.9, 35.5, 33.5, 32.7, 26.2, 20.8, 20.6, 14.7, 14.6; MS m/e 473 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.918 (t, 3H, J=7.2), 1.154 (m, 2H), 1.439 (m, 2H), 2.66, 2.70 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.871 (m, 3H), 3.160 (m, 5H), 3.34 (m, 3H), 3.590 (d, 1H, J=13.2), 4.30 (d, 1H, J=13.8), 4.52 (m, 2H), 4.713 (t, 1H), 7.00 (m, 1H), 7.155 (m, 4H), 7.32 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.9, 162.7, 150.1, 137.9, 137.6, 133.3, 133.2, 133.1, 133.0, 131.6, 127.1, 119.5, 119.3, 118.4, 118.2, 117.6, 117.3, 117.2, 117.1, 71.1, 70.9, 56.1, 54.6, 53.7, 52.5, 52.2, 51.8, 50.2, 43.2, 38.8, 37.9, 34.9, 33.6, 32.7, 26.2, 20.8, 20.6, 14.7, 14.6; MS m/e 491 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.37-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.07-7.18(m, 3H), 4.73 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.61 (m, 1.5H), 4.26-4.38 (m, 0.5H), 3.58-3.68 (m, 0.5H), 3.38-3.47 (m, 0.5H), 3.14-3.28 (m, 1H), 2.78-3.14 (m,6H), 2.71 (s, 1.33H), 2.66 (s, 1.66H), 2.50-2.65 (m, 2H), 1.26-1.72 (m, 2H), 1.01-1.26 (m, 2H), 0.85-0.94 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 170.79, 170.35, 167.04, 166.95, 164.40, 161.14, 161.04, 131.89, 131.28, 131.72, 131.59, 131.49, 131.32, 130.28, 130.19, 130.14, 129.14, 116.02, 115.81, 115.72, 115.53, 69.30, 69.02, 54.46, 53.04, 52.25, 50.89, 50.57, 50.01, 41.14, 38.07, 37.20, 36.39, 33.13, 33.06, 31.94, 31.08, 24.73, 19.25, 19.06, 13.11, 13.04; MS (ESMS) m/z 523.4, 525.4, 527.6 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.38-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.06-7.19 (m, 3H), 4.73 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 4.19-4.62 (m, 4H), 3.36-3.70 (m, 3H), 2.75-3.24 (m, 7H), 2.56-2.71 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.03-1.26 (m, 2H), 0.91 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 170.49, 169.86, 167.06, 166.98, 164.38, 161.13, 160.82, 160.32, 139.16, 138.68, 131.92, 131.78, 131.67, 131.60, 131.48, 131.34, 130.38, 130.23, 130.04, 129.17, 116.02, 115.82, 115.74, 115.53, 82.90, 80.67, 69.14, 68.95, 54.35, 53.06, 52.18, 50.91, 50.69, 49.98, 41.09, 39.76, 39.48, 37.98, 37.08, 36.38, 33.10, 32.89, 32.00, 31.14, 19.27, 19.09, 13.11, 13.03; MS (ESMS) m/z 555.4, 557.4, 559.6 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-isopropyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.29-7.48 (m, 4H), 7.08-7.20 (m, 3H), 4.67-4.76 (m, 0.6H), 4.49-4.59 (m, 1H), 4.26-4.37 (m, 0.4H), 3.83-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.56-3.67 (m, 0.6H), 3.40-3.49 (m, 0.4H), 2.64-3.28 (m, 8H), 2.48-2.60 (m, 1.5H), 2.25-2.38 (m, 0.5H), 1.29-1.77 (m, 2.5H), 1.07-1.24 (m, 4.5H), 0.87-1.02 (m 6H); MS (ESMS) m/z 551.4, 553.2, 555.6 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: MS (ESMS) e/z 545.5 (M+H)+
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl}N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: MS (ESMS) e/z 517.5 (M+H)+
    • 2-{4-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methylpropionamide.
  • The second aspect of Category III comprises compounds having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00122
  • R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting of R1, R5a, R5b, R7a, and R8 are defined herein below in Table IX and in the which follow.
    TABLE IX
    No. R1 R5a R5b R7a R8
    816 methyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    817 ethyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    818 propyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    819 iso-propyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    820 cyclopropyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    821 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    822 allyl —H —H —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    823 methyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    824 ethyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    825 propyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    826 iso-propyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    827 cyclopropyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    828 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    829 allyl —H —H —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    830 methyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    831 ethyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    832 propyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    833 iso-propyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    834 cyclopropyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    835 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    836 allyl —H —H —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    837 methyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    838 ethyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    839 propyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    840 iso-propyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    841 cyclopropyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    842 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    843 allyl —H —H —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    844 methyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    845 ethyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    846 propyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    847 iso-propyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    848 cyclopropyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    849 cyclopropylmethyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    850 allyl —H —H —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    851 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    852 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    853 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    854 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    855 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    856 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    857 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    858 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    859 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    860 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    861 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    862 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    863 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    864 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    865 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    866 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    867 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    868 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    869 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    870 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    871 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    872 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    873 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    874 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    875 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    876 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    877 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    878 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    879 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    880 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    881 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    882 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    883 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    884 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    885 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    886 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    887 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    888 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    889 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    890 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    891 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    892 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    893 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    894 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    895 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    896 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    897 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    898 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    899 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    900 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    901 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    902 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    903 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    904 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    905 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    906 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    907 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    908 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    909 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    910 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    911 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    912 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    913 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    914 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    915 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    916 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    917 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    918 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    919 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    920 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    921 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    922 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    923 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    924 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    925 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    926 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    927 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    928 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    929 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    930 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    931 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    932 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    933 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    934 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    935 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    936 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    937 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    938 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    939 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    940 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    941 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    942 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    943 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    944 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    945 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    946 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    947 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    948 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    949 methyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    950 ethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    951 propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    952 iso-propyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    953 cyclopropyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    954 cyclopropylmethyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    955 allyl —CH3 —CH3 —N(CH3)2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the second aspect of Category II can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme XIII beginning with analogs such as compound 41.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00123
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00124
    • EXAMPLE 13 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (47)
  • Preparation of {1-[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl carbamoyl]-1-methyl-ethyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (46): 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide hydrochloride, 41, (0.3 g, 0.6 mmol) and tert-butyloxy-carbonyl-□-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) (0.12 g, 0.6 mmol) 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide (0.22 g, 1.1 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.1 g, 0.7 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.2 mL, 1.7 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (75 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. Solvent is removed in vacuo and the product is purified over silica (EtOAc/Hexane, 2/1) to afford 0.7 g of the desired compound. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.80-7.58 (m, 4H), 7.42-7.22 (m, 3H), 7.20-7.00 (m, 2H), 6.98-6.50 (m, 2H), 5.40-4.98 (m, 1.5H), 4.70-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.75-3.02 (m, 3.5H), 3.00-2.56 (m, 7H), 2.42-2.35 (m, 1H), 2.18-1.95 (m, 2.5H), 1.50-1.12 (m, 18H), 0.095-0.75 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, □ 174.4, 172.1, 171.9, 170.3, 169.6, 163.7, 162.0, 154.6, 137.3, 133.7, 132.3, 131.4, 130.8, 128.1, 127.8, 127.6, 126.2, 125.6, 115.7, 115.4, 115.2, 80.0, 70.2, 56.7, 55.3, 50.9, 50.0, 49.9, 41.8, 39.5, 38.5, 37.9, 32.7, 32.4, 28.5, 28.3, 26.1, 25.5, 25.3, 23.1, 22.1, 10.6, 10.1.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (47): {1-[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl carbamoyl]-1-methyl-ethyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 46, (0.4 g, 0.6 mmol) is dissolved in 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (12 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloro-ethane (12 mL) is added. The organic layers are concentrated in vacuo gives the crude HCl salt of product which is then purified by preparative HPLC to the TFA salt of product (0.28 g, 0.35 mmol, 62% yield). A small amount of product is converted into the free base by treating with NaHCO3 to obtain NMR spectra. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz): δ 8.25-8.15 (m, 1H), 7.82-7.75 (m, 4H), 7.45-7.15 (m, 6H), 7.00-6.95 (m, 2H), 5.12-4.98 (m, 1H), 4.52 (s, 0.5H), 4.32 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 0.5H), 3.65-3.28 (m, 3H), 3.08-2.50 (m, 10H), 2.35-2.20 (m, 1H), 1.88-1.58 (m, 5H), 1.32 (d, J=3.34 Hz, 3H), 1.15 (d, J=18.4 Hz, 4H), 0.8 m,3H); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 177.0, 172.3170.7, 170.0, 165.0, 161.5, 137.6, 133.9, 132.5, 131.5, 131.4, 128.4, 128.3, 128.0, 127.8, 127.7, 126.4, 125.8, 115.9, 115.7, 115.5, 70.8, 55.5, 51.3, 50.9, 49.9, 39.8, 38.1, 32.6, 29.3, 26.3, 23.3, 22.5, 10.9, 10.4; HRFAB(positive) m/e 576.3349 calculated for C33H42FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 576.3339
  • The following are non-limiting examples of procedures for forming other compounds which comprise the second aspect of Category III.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide HCl (0.22 g, 0.4 mmol) and t-butyloxycarbonyl-□-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) (0.09 g, 0.5 mmol), 1-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.17 g, 0.9 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.07 g, 0.5 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). This reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.14 mL, 1.3 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator for overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL), the organic layers combined, washed with water (2×50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.22 g (77% yield) of the desired product which is used without further purification. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.80-7.64 (m, 4H), 7.45-7.30 (m, 3H), 7.20-7.10 (2H), 6.95-6.85 (m, 2H), 6.65-6.32 (m, 1H), 5.50-5.02 (m, 2H), 4.78-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.70-3.10 (m, 3H), 3.02-2.64 (m, 6H), 2.50-2.35 (m, 1H), 2.15-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.21 (m, 18H), 0.75-0.65 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 174.5, 174.4, 174.0, 170.0, 169.8, 163.7, 160.4, 155.0, 137.0, 133.6, 132.3, 131.4, 131.3, 131.2, 131.0, 130.8, 128.1, 127.8, 127.6, 126.6, 126.2, 125.6, 125.3, 118.4, 115.8, 115.7, 115.6, 115.5, 115.2, 110.8, 80.0, 70.2, 69.9, 56.9, 56.7, 55.4, 51.5, 51.2, 51.0, 50.1, 49.9, 41.8, 39.6, 37.8, 32.6, 28.5, 28.3, 26.7, 26.0, 25.6, 23.1, 22.2, 10.7, 10.1.
  • The crude product obtained above (0.22 g, 0.33 mmol) is dissolved in 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue which is purified by preparative HPLC (w/TFA for salt exchange) to give afford 0.17 g (64% yield) of the desired product. A small amount of product was converted into free base by treating with NaHCO3 to obtain NMR spectra. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 8.18-8.02 (m,1H), 7.78-7.58 (m, 4H), 7.40-7.25 (2H), 7.12-7.04 (m, 2H), 6.98-6.80 (2H), 6.46 (s, 0.5H), 6.15 (s, 0.5H), 5.66-5.45 (m, 1H), 5.10-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.49 (br s, 0.5H), 4.28 (d, J=13.0 Hz, 0.5H), 3.60-3.12 (m, 3H), 3.00-2.58 (m, 5H), 2.51-2.39 (m, 1H), 2.28-2.00 (1H), 1.80 0 1.43 (m, m, 5H), 1.32-1.00 (m, 7H), 0.75-0.63 (m, 3H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 562.3193 calculated for C32H40FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 562.3216.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methylpropionamide trifluoroacetate (0.3 g, 0.43 mmol) and t-butyloxycarbonyl-□-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) (88 mg, 0.43 mmol), 1-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (124 mg, 0.65 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (117 mg, 0.86 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). This reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.25 mL, 2.3 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator for overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL), the organic layers combined, washed with water (2×50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.3 g of the desired product which is used without further purification.
  • The crude product obtained above is dissolved in TFA/DCM/H2O (1/2/0.1, 10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue which is purified by preparative HPLC (w/TFA for salt exchange) to give afford 0.167 g (59% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.45-7.41 (m, 2H0, 7.32-7.27 (m, 2H), 7.17-7.00 (m, 3H), 5.16 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (br s, 0.5H), 4.28 (d, J=13.5 Hz, 0.5H), 3.95 (d, J=14.1 Hz, 0.5H), 3.63 (m, 0.5H), 3.42-3.21 (m, 8H), 3.22-2.81 (m, 6H), 2.84-2.66 (m, 3H), 2.52-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.13 (m, 1H), 1.82-1.66 (m, 2H), 1.60-1.42 (m, 6H), 0.80 0 0.72 (m, 3H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 594.241399 calculated for C29H38Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 594.240266.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-(2-amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluoro-pnenyl)-propionyl}-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide (505 mg, 0.71 mmol) and t-butyloxycarbonyl-[1-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) (144 mg, 0.71 mmol), 1-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (200 mg, 1.07 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (193 mg, 1.42 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.0 mL). This reaction mixture is cool to 0° C. then N-methylmorpholine (0.3 mL, 2.7 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator for overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL), the organic layers combined, washed with water (2×50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.31 g of the desired product which is used without further purification.
  • The crude product obtained above is dissolved in TFA/DCM/H2O (1/2/0.1, 8 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (8 mL) is added and the solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue which is purified by preparative HPLC (w/TFA for salt exchange) to give afford 0.250 g (59% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.32-7.30 (m, 4H), 7.21-7.18 (m, 2H), 7.12-7.06 (m, 2H), 5.10 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (br s, 0.5H), 4.40 (d, J=12.6 Hz, 0.5H), 4.10-3.95 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.32 (m, 2H), 3.26-3.25 (m, 1.5H), 3.15-2.90 (m, 4.5H), 2.78-2.56 (m, 6H), 2.00-1.95 (m, 0.5H), 1.59 (s, 4H), 1.50 (br s, 3.5H), 1.41 (br s, 1.5H), 1.27-1.23 (m, 1.5H); 13C NMR □ 174.0, 173.0, 172.0, 165.5, 162.2, 162.0, 137.2, 134.1, 132.9, 132.3, 130.0, 117.0, 116.7, 71.1, 58.5, 56.5, 52.3, 50.9, 50.2, 50.0, 46.5, 41.6, 38.8, 38.0, 35.1, 26.3, 24.6, 24.2, 17.0, 15.9. HRFAB(positive) m/e 546.264721 calculated for C28H37ClFN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 546.262559.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of compounds which comprise the second aspect of Category III.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz δ): 7.47-7.42 (m,2H), 7.30 (br s, 2H), 7.18-7.06 (m, 3H), 5.11-5.04 (m, 1H), 4.34-4.30 (m, 0.5H), 3.98-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.36-3.34 (m, 6H), 3.11-2.90 (m, 5.5H), 2.69-2.30 (m, 4H), 1.98-1.84 (0.5H), 1.60 (s, 3H), 1.51-1.48 (m, 3H), 1.36-1.22 (m, 3H), 1.11-1.09(m, 1.5H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 580.225749 calculated for C28H36Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 580.225133.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide HCl. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.23 (m, 5H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 6.99 (m, 2H), 5.08 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.29 (m, 1H), 4.00-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.62-3.41 (m, 6H), 3.02 (m, 4H), 2.54, 2.50 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.32 (m, 1H), 1.93 (m, 1H), 1.62 (m, 1H), 1.54, 1.51, 1.42 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.11 (m, 1H), 0.86 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.2, 172.8, 172.1, 171.7, 167.6, 164.4, 162.8, 138.1, 135.7, 133.8, 132.6, 132.5, 131.5, 130.8, 129.2, 129.0, 116.8, 116.7, 116.5, 116.4, 74.2, 70.7, 70.3, 70.2, 69.4, 69.2, 68.3, 67.5, 67.1, 64.7, 64.5, 62.8, 62.3, 62.1, 58.5, 58.3, 54.6, 53.8, 53.0, 52.2, 52.0, 50.7, 50.4, 40.0, 38.8, 37.7, 36.5, 34.4, 32.8, 32.2, 26.3, 24.4, 24.3, 24.1, 20.4, 20.2, 18.5, 15.6, 14.6, 14.1; MS m/z (ESI): 574 (M+H, 100), 608 (M+2+H, 30).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide HCl: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.46-7.31 (m, 6H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 5.27 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.14 (m, 1H), 3.87-3.51 (m, 6H), 3.21 (m, 4H), 2.73, 2.70 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.42 (m, 1H), 2.07 (m, 1H), 1.73, 1.60 (2 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.25 (m, 2H), 1.05 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.5, 172.0, 168.8, 165.5, 162.2, 135.8, 135.2, 134.9, 134.1, 132.8, 132.7, 132.6, 130.3, 116.8, 116.5, 74.0, 72.9, 71.0, 62.6, 58.6, 53.3, 52.3, 40.5, 39.1, 37.9, 34.5, 33.1, 32.5, 26.5, 24.6, 24.3, 20.7, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 574 (M+H, 100), 576 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.83 (m, 1H), 7.47 (m, 5H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 5.35 (m, 1H), 4.84-4.52 (m, 1H), 4.19-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.48-2.92 (m, 9H), 2.86, 2.82 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.50-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.87 (m, 1H), 1.77, 1.70, 1.64 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.26 (m, 2H), 1.07 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.9, 172.0, 171.8, 171.5, 171.4, 165.4, 162.2, 137.3, 136.8, 135.6, 134.3, 134.1, 133.5, 133.4, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 131.0, 130.0, 129.8, 128.4, 128.3, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.3, 58.5, 55.9, 54.9, 53.7, 52.4, 51.0, 50.4, 42.5, 39.3, 39.2, 38.1, 33.4, 33.2, 33.0, 32.5, 26.3, 24.6, 24.5, 24.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/z (ESD: 574 (M+H, 100), 576 (M+2+H, 30).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.28 (m, 4H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 5.14 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.30 (m, 1H), 3.98-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.48-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.23-2.82 (m, 8H), 2.69 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.19-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.64 (m, 1H), 1.57 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.07 (m, 2H), 0.86 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.3, 173.2, 172.8, 172.5, 172.0, 165.4, 162.2, 136.7, 136.3, 134.7, 134.6, 134.5, 134.3, 134.1, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 130.5, 130.4, 69.1, 69.0, 58.5, 56.1, 55.0, 53.9, 52.4, 51.3, 42.8, 39.4, 38.2, 33.1, 32.9, 32.7, 32.6, 26.3, 24.6, 24.5, 24.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 608 (M+H, 100), 610 (M+2+H, 30).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-butyramide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.13 (m, 6H), 6.87 (m, 2H), 4.96 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.10 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.53-3.10 (m, 4H), 3.01-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.63 (bs, 3H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 2.08 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.70 (m, 2H), 1.43, 1.31 (2 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 0.96-0.74 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.5, 172.0, 169.0, 165.4, 162.2, 140.4, 134.0, 133.7, 132.8, 132.7, 131.5, 130.1, 116.8, 116.5, 69.7, 69.3, 58.5, 54.5, 52.9, 52.3, 50.9, 40.4, 37.9, 32.4, 30.5, 30.2, 27.8, 26.7, 24.6, 24.3, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 588 (M+H, 100), 590 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.29-7.09 (m, 8H), 5.11 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 1H), 3.50 (m, 1H), 3.17-3.00 (m, 7H), 2.67 (bs, 5H), 2.38-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.60, 1.52, 1.49 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.33 (m, 1H), 1.06 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.1, 171.6, 165.5, 164.7, 162.2, 161.5, 134.1, 133.2, 132.9, 130.3, 125.6, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.8, 58.5, 56.8, 56.4, 52.3, 51.3, 46.9, 42.2, 38.9, 38.6, 38.1, 29.4, 29.1, 26.3, 24.6, 24.3, 17.0, 16.0; MS m/z (ESI): 530 (M+H, 100).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.861 (m, 3H), 1.027 (m, 2H), 1.445, 1.508, 1.627 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 2.545 (t, 1H), 2.655, 2.696 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.082 (m, 5H), 3.440 (t, 1H), 3.674 (m, 1H), 3.959 (d, 1H, J=13.8), 4.282 (d, 1H, J=13.5), 4.905 (m, 1H), 5.131 (m, 1H), 7.069 (m, 4H), 7.271 (m, 4H) 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 43.059, 44.958, 45.830; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.4, 164.8, 162.7, 162.2, 161.5, 134.3, 164.0, 133.2, 132.8, 132.7, 130.3, 129.9, 126.6, 125.5, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 91.8, 69.9, 58.8, 56.1, 55.1 54.0, 52.3, 51.3, 43.1, 39.6, 38.2, 33.1, 32.6, 29.3, 26.2, 24.7, 24.5, 24.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/e 558 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 1.113 (m, 3H), 1.380 (m, 2H), 1.720, 1.743, 1.816(3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 2.680 (t, 1H), 2.854, 2.900 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.281 (m, 5H), 3.352 (m, 3H), 3.492 (t, 1H), 3.845 (t, 1H), 4.333 (d, 1H), 4.600 (d, 1H), 4.863 (m, 1H), 5.389 (m, 1H), 7.266 (m, 5H), 7.519 (m, 3H) 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 44.806, 47.319, 47.342; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 132.9, 132.8, 132.6, 131.4, 131.3, 126.6, 117.5, 117.2, 117.0, 116.7, 116.6, 116.4, 114.7, 114.5, 114.4, 114.3, 71.1, 71.0, 56.2, 55.0, 53.9, 52.3, 43.1, 39.6, 39.4, 38.1, 35.6, 35.2, 33.1, 32.3, 26.2, 24.6, 24.5, 24.3, 14.6; MS m/e 560 (M+1); MS m/e 560 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.895 (m, 3H), 1.183 (m, 2H), 1.454, 1.513, 1.585 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 2.630, 2.669 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.0461 (m, 6H), 3.195 (m, 2H), 3.480 (m, 1H), 4.607 (m, 1H), 5.164 (m, 1H), 7.041 (m, 4H), 7.220 (m, 2H), 7.313 (m, 2H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 43.995, 44.249, 46.696, 47.232; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.4, 162.2, 135.4, 134.7, 134.2, 132.8, 132.7, 132.5, 132.4, 117.1, 116.7, 116.5, 116.4, 116.2, 113.6, 71.3, 58.5, 54.9, 53.7, 52.4, 42.3, 38.1, 34.9, 34.6, 33.1, 32.6, 26.3, 24.6, 24.5, 24.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.5; MS m/e 560 (M+1)
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.887 (m, 3H), 1.108 (m, 2H), 1.350, 1.515, 1.583 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 2.293 (t, 1H), 2.649, 2.691 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.051 (m, 5H), 3.166 (m, 3H), 3.325 (m, 2H), 3.715 (m, 1H), 4.029 (d, 1H), 4.327 (d, 1H), 5.161 (m, 1H), 7.035 (m, 3H), 7.170 (m, 2H), 7.298 (m, 2H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 44.732; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 162.5, 162.0, 134.3, 132.8, 132.7, 127.2, 119.6, 119.4, 118.5, 118.3, 117.0, 116.6, 116.4, 71.1, 58.5, 56.0, 55.0, 53.9, 52.3, 51.1, 42.8, 39.3, 38.1, 35.0, 33.2, 32.7, 26.2, 24.6, 24.5, 24.2, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/e 578 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.852 (m, 3H), 1.055 (m, 2H), 1.397 (m, 1H), 1.765 (m, 1H), 1.988 (m, 1H), 2.360 (m, 1H), 2.510 (m, 1H), 2.632, 2.700 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.869 (m, 3H), 3.071 (m, 4H), 4.249 (m, 1H), 4.502 (m, 1H), 5.167 (m, 1H), 7.043 (m, 5H), 7.293 (m, 2H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □37.110, 41.494, 45.143, 45.873; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 132.8, 132.7, 119.1, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.6, 61.4, 56.2, 55.0, 54.1, 52.1, 51.5, 43.3, 39.7, 38.6, 33.2, 32.6, 31.6, 29.1, 26.3, 25.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/e 676 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-isopropyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 7.73-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.21-7.42 (m, 3H), 6.94-7.18 (m, 2H), 5.09-5.31 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.78 (m, 1H), 4.32-4.49 (m, 0.5H), 4.04-4.21 (m, 0.5H), 3.76-4.20 (m, 1H), 3.52-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.15-3.42 (m, 5H), 2.88-3.10 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.14-2.30 (m, 0.5H), 1.62-1.85 (m, 1H), 1.53-1.62 (m, 3H), 1.42-1.53 (m, 3H), 1.18-1.41 (m, 1H), 0.98-1.14 (m, 3H), 0.58-0.84 (m, 3.5H), 0.25-0.58 (m, 2.5H), −0.18-0.09 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    173.08, 172.77, 172.25, 171.52, 170.25, 169.51, 165.42, 162.76, 162.20, 136.31, 135.36, 134.31, 134.17, 132.81, 132.71, 129.60, 129.02, 128.89, 127.59, 127.15, 117.03, 116.73, 116.68, 116.39, 71.13, 58.50, 56.27, 54.60, 54.03, 52.59, 52.38, 51.53, 50.17, 42.81, 42.39, 39.32, 38.97, 37.99, 36.12, 35.82, 35.16, 24.63, 24.30, 23.00, 22.61, 22.51, 9.27, 9.10, 5.63, 4.79; MS (ESMS) e/z 630.8 (M+H)+.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    7.73-7.92 (m, 3H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.40 (m, 3H), 6.95-7.16 (m, 2H), 5.08-5.30 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.77 (m, 0.5H), 4.32-4.46 (m, 0.5H), 4.04-4.18 (m, 0.5H), 3.81-3.94 (m, 0.5H), 3.64-3.75 (m, 0.5H), 3.48-3.61 (m, 0.5H), 2.85-3.40 (m, 8H), 2.68-2.79 (m, 0.5H), 2.43-2.68 (m, 3H), 1.99-2.11 (m, 0.5H), 1.12-1.78 (m, 8H), 0.48-0.62 (m, 0.5H), 0.21-0.48 (m, 2.5H), −0.21-0.00 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    173.11, 172.78, 172.19, 172.02, 171.51, 136.58, 136.07, 135.36, 134.31, 132.79, 129.44, 129.04, 128.91, 127.60, 127.07, 117.06, 116.77, 116.67, 116.39, 71.24, 58.50, 56.40, 54.56, 54.18, 52.55, 52.37, 51.55, 50.17, 49.74, 42.41, 39.38, 39.01, 36.03, 35.84, 35.66, 35.08, 26.33, 24.63, 24.54, 24.30, 24.24, 9.23, 9.07, 5.62, 5.55, 4.70; MS (ESMS) e/z 602.6 (M+H)+.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.39-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.12-7.21 (m, 1H), 6.95-7.12 (m, 2H), 5.08-5.22 (m, 1H), 4.20-4.58 (m, 3H), 3.93-4.02 (m, 0.66H), 3.68-3.78 (m, 0.33H), 3.38-3.60 (m, 3H), 2.71-3.20 (m, 8H), 2.49-2.63 (m, 1H), 1.84-1.94 (m, 0.33H), 1.62-1.72 (m, 0.66H), 1.40-1.59 (m, 7H), 0.94-1.36 (m, 2H), 0.83-0.93 (m, 3H); MS (ESMS) m/z 640.6, 642.6, 644.5 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.38-7.4(m, 2H), 7.23-7.45 (m, 2H), 3.97-7.18 (m, 3H), 5.05-5.20 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.55 (m, 0.66H), 4.27 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 0.33H), 3.94 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 0.66H), 3.59-3.70 (m, 0.33H), 2.74-3.28 (m, 8H), 2.71 (s, 1.25H), 2.67 (s, 1.75H), 2.36-2.49 (m, 1H), 2.06-2.20 (m, 0.33H), 1.25-1.73 (m, 8.66H), 0.94-1.22 (m, 2H), 0.86 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 3H); MS (ESMS) m/z 608.4, 610.6, 612.3 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-isopropyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.38-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.36 (m, 2H), 6.98-7.21 (m, 3H), 5.10-5.24 (m, 1H), 4.47-4.58 (m, 0.66H), 4.24-4.35 (m, 0.33H), 3.84-4.15 (m, 1.66H), 3.68-3.78 (m, 0.33H), 2.75-3.32 (m, 7H), 2.43-2.57 (m, 1.60H), 2.20-2.33 (m, 0.4H), 1.85-1.95 (m, 0.40H), 1.64-1.77 (m, 0.60H), 1.41-1.61 (m, 7H), 0.83-1.30 (m, 12H); MS (ESMS) m/z 636.4, 638.7, 640.8 M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz with rotamers) □ 7.49-7.36 (m, 6H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 5.33 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.38 (m, 3H), 4.22-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.72-3.53 (m, 3H), 3.36-3.08 (m, 6H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.13 (m, 1H), 1.92 (m, 1H), 1.74, 1.69, 1.66, 1.61 (4 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.27 (m, 3H), 1.07 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.9, 172.0, 171.5, 165.5, 162.2, 138.4, 137.8, 134.3, 134.0, 132.8, 132.7, 132.4, 129.9, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 84.4, 82.2, 71.0, 58.5, 55.8, 55.0, 53.9, 52.4, 51.0, 42.5, 41.3, 41.0, 39.3, 39.1, 38.1, 35.1, 34.7, 33.2, 32.7, 24.6, 24.5, 24.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 606 (M+H, 100), 608 (M+2+H, 37); Anal. Calcd for C35H44ClF8N5O7 0.5 TFA: C, 48.52; H, 5.03; N, 7.86. Found: C, 48.43; H, 4.82; N, 7.84.
  • The third aspect of Category III comprises compounds having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00125
  • wherein R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a, R8, and Q are defined herein below in Table XII and in the examples which follow.
    TABLE XII
    No. R1 R7a Q R8
    956 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    957 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    958 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    959 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    960 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    961 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    962 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    963 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    964 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    965 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    966 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    967 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    968 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    969 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    970 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    971 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    972 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    973 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    974 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    975 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    976 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    977 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    978 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    979 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    980 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    981 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    982 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    983 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    984 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    985 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    986 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    987 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    988 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    989 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    990 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 pyrrolidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    991 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    992 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    993 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    994 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    995 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    996 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    997 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1-yl
    998 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    999 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1000 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1001 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1002 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1003 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1004 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1005 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1006 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1007 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1008 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1009 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1010 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1011 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1012 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1013 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1014 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1015 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1016 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1017 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1018 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1-yl
    1019 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1020 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1021 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1022 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1023 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1024 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1025 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 1-aminocycloprop- (2,4-
    1-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1026 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1027 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1028 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1029 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1030 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1031 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1032 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1033 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1034 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1035 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1036 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1037 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1038 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1039 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1040 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1041 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1042 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1043 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1044 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1045 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1046 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (3-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1047 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1048 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1049 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1050 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1051 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1052 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1053 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1054 methyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1055 ethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1056 propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1057 iso-propyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1058 cyclopropyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1059 cyclopropylmethyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1060 allyl —C(O)NHCH3 azetidin-2-yl (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the third aspect of Category III can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below, utilizing final analogs from the first aspect of this Category as starting points, for example, compound 45, as depicted in Scheme XIV herein below.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00126
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00127
    • EXAMPLE 14 Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate (49)
  • Preparation of 2-[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl) piperazin-1-yl]-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (48): 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide HCl, 45, (0.5 g, 0.7 mmol) and Boc-L-proline (0.17 g, 0.78 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.19 g, 1.4 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.16 g, 0.86 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.6 mL, 5.3 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (75 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. Solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 0.5 g of the desired product.
  • Preparation of pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate (49): 2-[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl) piperazin-1-yl]-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, 48, (0.5 g) is dissolved in 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. The organic layers are combined and concentrated in vacuo and the crude product is purified by preparative HPLC to afford the desired product. A small amount of product is converted into free base by treating with NaHCO3 to obtain NMR spectra. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz δ): 8.22-8.17 (m, 1H), 7.82-7.47 (m, 4H), 7.47-7.35 (m, 3H), 7.29-7.12 (m, 3H), 6.61-6.45 (m, 1H), 5.13 (quartet, J=8.1 Hz, 0.5H), 5.02 (quartet, J=6.9 Hz, 0.5H), 4.45 (br s, 0.5H), 4.34-4.30 (m, 0.5H), 3.75-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.66-3.63 (m, 2H), 3.50 (br s, 1H), 3.40-3.15 (m, 3H), 3.02-2.83 (m, 5H), 2.81-2.75 (m, 4H), 2.50-2.11 (m, 4H), 1.83-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.44 (4H), 0.79-0.73 (m, 2H); 13C NMR, □ 1174.7, 172.1, 170.4, 137.7, 135.2, 133.7, 132.2, 131.3, 131.1, 129.0, 128.7, 128.2, 127.9, 127.7, 126.2, 125.6, 70.8, 60.7, 55.2, 52.1, 51.3, 50.9, 50.3, 50.0, 49.5, 49.2, 47.5, 41.9, 39.9, 38.7, 38.7, 32.4, 31.8, 31.1, 30.9, 26.2, 23.3, 22.4, 14.5, 10.8, 10.0; HRFAB(positive) m/e 604.305443 Calculated for C34H42ClN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 604.308207.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of procedures for preparing other analogs encompassed with the third aspect of Category III.
  • Preparation of Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(1-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide HCl, 41, (0.3 g, 0.6 mmol) and Boc-L-proline (0.13 g, 0.6 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.13 g, 1.1 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.16 g, 0.86 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.2 mL, 1.7 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (75 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. Solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 0.39 g of the desired product.
  • The crude product obtained above is dissolved in 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. The organic layers are concentrated in vacuo gives the crude HCl salt of the product which was then purified by preparative HPLC to give the TFA salt of product (0.2 g, 0.23 mmol, 42% yield). A small amount of product was converted into the free base by treating with NaHCO3 to obtain NMR spectra. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz δ): 7.75-7.55 (m, 4H), 7.40-7.22 (m, 3H), 7.12-7.02 (m,2H), 6.92-6.80 (m, 2H), 6.50-6.28 (m, 1H), 5.10-4.90 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.20 (m, 1H), 3.79-3.20 (m, 4H), 3.10-2.60(m, 9H), 2.50-2.30 (m, 1H), 2.22-1.50 (m, 11H), 0.80-0.68 (m, 3). HRFAB(positive) m/e 588.3350 calculated for C34H42FN5O3 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 5-oxo-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazine-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoro-acetate: 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide hydrochloride (0.78 g, 0.83 mmol) and L-pyroglutamic acid (0.11 g, 0.83 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.19 g, 1.0 mmol) and 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (0.22 g, 1.66 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (4 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-mathylmorpholine (0.6 mL, 5.46 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3-4 hrs. EtOAc (30 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The organic layers are combined, washed with water (2×50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, then concentrated in vacuo to provide a crude product which is purified by preparative HPLC to afford 0.14 g of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz δ): 7.83-7.78 (m, 3H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.28 (m, 3H), 7.10-7.00 (m, 2H), 5.20-5.11 (m, 1H), 4.69 (br s, 0.5H), 4.50 (d, J=13.9 Hz, 0.5H), 4.19-4.17 (m, 1.5H), 3.96-3.85 (m, 1H), 3.74 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 0.5H), 3.58-3.54 (m, 0.5H), 3.44-3.26 (m, 8H), 3.11-2.91 (m, 3H), 2.85-2.74 (m, 0.5H), 2.57-2.51 (m, 3H), 2.36-2.22 (m, 3H), 2.12-2.09 (m, 0.5H), 3.96-1.85-1.76 (m, 1.5H), 1.73-1.61 (m, 1H), 0.87-0.76 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 75 MHz)
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00900
    182.0, 176.0, 175.0, 173.0, 172.0, 168.0, 166.0, 163.0, 135.4, 134.5, 134.3, 134.1, 134.0, 133.0, 132.9, 132.8, 129.9, 129.7, 129.6, 129.1, 129.0, 128.6, 127.8, 127.5, 127.3, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 71.4, 71.0, 58.1, 56.2, 53.6, 53.4, 51.9, 51.5, 51.0, 40.6, 39.8, 38.3, 37.6, 35.45, 30.9, 27.2, 26.5, 24.1, 23.4, 11.0; HRFAB(positive) m/e 602.314258 calculated for C34H40FN5O4 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide. 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide, 41, (0.78 g, 0.83 mmol) and Boc-L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (0.17 g, 20.83 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.19 g, 1.0 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.22 g, 1.66 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.6 mL, 5.46 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 4 hrs. EtOAc (30 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product which is used without further purification.
  • 2-[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methyl-carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)-piperazin-1-yl-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-azetidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester is dissolved in DCM/TFA/H2O (2/1/0.1) (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. The organic layers are combined, washed with water (2×50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, then concentrated in vacuo to provide a crude product which is purified by preparative HPLC to afford 32 mg of the desired product. (HCS3621-118). 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz, δ): 7.90-7.84 (m, 3H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.54-7.51 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.34 (m, 3H), 7.18-7.08 (m, 2H), 5.30-5.25 (m, 1H), 5.06-5.00 (m, 1.5H), 4.59 (bs s, 0.5H), 4.43 (d, J=14.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.21-4.11 (m, 1.5H), 4.00-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.80-3.69 (m, 1H), 3.55 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 0.5H), 3.40-3.38 (m, 3H), 3.32-3.20 (m, 4H), 3.17-2.75 (m, 6H), 2.73-2.67 (m, 1.5H), 2.51-2.24 (m, 1.5H), 2.02-1.54 (m, 2.5H), 0.88-0.77 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 75 MHz) □ 172.0, 169.0, 165.4, 162.3, 136.8, 136.1, 135.4, 134.2, 133.9, 133.0, 132.8, 132.7, 129.5, 129.4, 129.0, 128.9, 127.6, 127.1, 127.0, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 71.3, 60.2, 57.1, 54.2, 52.4, 52.0, 51.9, 50.5, 50.0, 49.9, 49.7, 49.1, 45.5, 42.2, 39.7, 38.5, 35.9, 35.7, 26.3, 25.3, 24.0, 23.4, 11.1; HRFAB(positive) m/e 574.319344 calculated for C33H40FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 574.320780.
  • Preparation of azetidine-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoro-acetate: 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide, 41, (0.78 g, 0.83 mmol) and Boc-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (0.17 g, 0.83 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.19 g, 1.0 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.22 g, 1.66 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.6 mL, 5.46 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 3-4 hrs. EtOAc (30 mL) and water (100 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product which is used without further purification.
  • 3-[2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-ylethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-azetidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester is dissolved in DCM/TFA/H2O (2/1/0.1) (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added, the solvent removed in vacuo to give a residue which is purified by preparative HPLC to afford 300 mg of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz, δ): 7.71-7.64 (m, 3H), 7.55-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.13 (m,3H), 6.97-6.87 (m, 3), 5.00 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.46 (br s, 0.5H), 4.32 (d, J=13.8 Hz, 0.5H), 4.08-3.86 (m, 6H), 3.68-3.63 (m, 0.5H), 3.60-3.49 (m, 1.5H), 3.47-3.41 (m, 0.5H), 3.25-3.00 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.03 (m, 3H), 2.98-2.65 (m, 5.5H), 2.54-2.35 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.56 (m, 1.5H), 1.55-1.36 (m, 0.5), 0.69-0.58 (m, 3H); 13C NMR, (CDCl3, 75 MHz) □ 175.0, 173.0, 172.0, 166.0, 163.0, 135.4, 134.1, 133.0, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 129.7, 129.5, 129.4, 129.0, 128.9, 128.8, 128.7, 127.7, 127.6, 127.3, 127.1, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 71.3, 71.2, 56.8, 53.9, 53.4, 52.2, 52.0, 51.9, 50.7, 50.3, 50.1, 50.0, 49.1, 41.6, 39.7, 38.4, 37.0, 35.7, 26.4, 24.0, 23.4, 11.1; HRFAB(positive) m/e 574.317945 calculated for C33H40FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 574.319344.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of other analogs which comprise the third aspect of Category III.
  • N-[2-{4-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-isonicotinamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz, δ): 8.85 (s, 2H), 8.20-7.00 (m, 10H), 5.40-5.30 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.70-2.88 m, 8H), 2.80-2.65 (m, 4H), 1.90-1.05 (m, 6H); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 175.0, 167.0, 149.1, 148.0, 146.0, 138.0, 134.0, 133.0, 132.4, 130.1, 124.8, 116.9, 71.6, 55.7, 52.8, 51.2, 50.3, 50.0, 49.7, 46.4, 41.0, 39.0, 38.3, 34.9, 26.4, 17.1, 15.9. HRFAB(positive) m/e 566.233421 calculated for C30H33ClFN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 566.231196.
  • N-[2-{4-[2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-isonicotinamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz): δ 8.80 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.39-7.30 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.02 (m, 4H), 5.40 (br s, 1H), 4.60 (br s, 1H), 4.45-4.38 (m, 0.5H), 4.18-4.10 (m, 0.5H), 3.70 (br, s, 0.5H), 3.60-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.42-2.85 (m, 9H), 2.78-2.60 (m, 3H), 2.40-2.30 (1H), 1.98-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.62-1.52 (m, 1H), 0.78-0.74 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz) □ 175.0, 174.0, 172.0, 166.5, 165.5, 162.2, 148.2, 148.0, 140.2, 139.1, 134.1, 133.7, 133.0, 132.9, 132.7, 132.3, 132.0, 131.8, 130.8, 125.2, 117.1, 116.8, 116.6, 91.0, 70.7, 57.1, 53.8, 53.4, 53.0, 52.6, 52.2, 50.8, 50.3, 50.0, 49.7, 41.8, 39.5, 38.8, 38.3, 34.4, 26.4, 24.0, 23.4, 11.1. HRFAB(positive) m/e 614.210099 calculated for C31H34Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 614.210894.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid[2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazine-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz): δ 7.65-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.49 (s, 2H), 7.36-7.25 (m, 3H), 5.33-5.30 (m, 1.5H), 4.92 (br s, 0.5H), 4.56-4.42 (m, 1.5H), 4.21-4.18 (m, 1H), 3.66-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.48 (m, 5H), 3.45-3.17 (m, 7H), 2.85-2.82 (m, 4H), 2.56 (br s, 1.5H), 2.25-2.02 (m, 3.5H), 1.52-1.50 (m, 1.5H), 1.32-1.26 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz): δ 174.0, 170.0, 165.5, 162.2, 140.3, 139.8, 133.9, 133.5, 132.9, 131.8, 130.7, 117.0, 116.7, 116.5, 113.3, 70.9, 70.8, 61.4, 56.6, 56.4, 52.0, 51.2, 50.3, 50.0, 49.7, 49.4, 47.7, 46.8, 42.0, 39.2, 38.5, 34.9, 34.7, 31.6, 26.3, 25.3, 17.1, 16.0. HRFAB(positive) m/e 592.225749 calculated for C29H36Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 592.224706.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid[2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazine-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.32-7.30 (m, 4H), 7.21-7.18 (m, 2H), 7.10-7.03 (m, 2H), 5.18-5.10 (m, 1H), 4.79 (br s, 0.5H), 4.42 (d, J=13.5 Hz, 0.5H), 4.25 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 4.10-4.00 (m, 1.5H), 3.60-3.57 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.27 (m, 6H), 3.20-2.89 (m, 4.5H), 2.82-2.75 (m, 0.5H), 2.63 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 4H), 2.46-2.30 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.75 (m, 4H), 1.38 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1.5H), 1.12 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1.5H); 13C NMR □ 174.0, 170.0, 165.5, 162.5, 162.2, 137.4, 134.3, 133.9, 132.9, 132.5, 130.0, 119.9, 117.0, 116.8, 116.5, 116.0, 71.0, 61.4, 56.3, 52.0, 50.9, 50.3, 50.0, 49.7, 47.7, 46.5, 41.5, 39.1, 38.4, 38.0, 35.1, 31.6, 26.3, 25.3, 17.0, 16.0. HRFAB(positive) m/e 558.264721 calculated for C29H37ClFN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 558.263046.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoracetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.45-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.17-7.01 (m, 3H), 5.22-5.15 (m, 1H), 4.49 (br s, 0.5H), 4.35-4.21 (m, 1.5), 4.02 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.67 (br s, 0.5), 3.46-3.25 (m, 5H), 3.20-2.84 (m, 6H), 2.80-2.52 (m, 5H), 2.38-2.26 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.54 (m, 6H0, 0.82-0.73 (m, 3H); 13C NMR □ 173.0, 172.0, 171.0, 170.0, 169.0, 165.4, 162.2, 140.8, 140.1, 133.9, 133.4, 132.9, 131.8, 131.7, 130.7, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 70.8, 61.4, 57.3, 54.4, 52.6, 52.1, 52.0, 50.3, 50.0, 49.7, 49.4, 49.1, 47.7, 42.5, 39.6, 39.1, 38.5, 34.7, 34.5, 31.6, 26.3, 25.2, 24.0, 23.4, 11.1. HRFAB(positive) m/e 606.241399 calculated for C30H38Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 606.240332.
  • 1-Amino-Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.55-6.90 (m, 7H), 5.18-4.22 (m, 3.5H), 4.02-3.90 (m, 0.5H), 3.70-2.15 (m, 17H), 1.88-1.12 (m, 6H), 0.80-0.6 (m, 2H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 592.225749 calculated for C29H36Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 592.224973.
  • N-[2-{4-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(2-fluoroethylcarbamoyl)-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-isonicotinamide HCl: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 9.11 (br s, 2H), 8.42 (br s, 2H), 7.46-7.32 (m, 6H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 5.41 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.11 (m, 4H), 3.94-3.17 (m, 12H), 2.40-0.98 (m, 7H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.9, 167.9, 165.5, 162.3, 145.4, 135.0, 133.8, 132.9, 132.6, 130.4, 130.0, 126.9, 116.9, 116.7, 84.2, 82.0, 71.1, 54.4, 53.3, 52.9, 51.4, 50.7, 41.5, 41.2, 40.4, 38.1, 34.4, 33.2, 32.6, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 626 (M+H, 100), 628 (M+2+H, 37).
  • N-[2-{4-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-isonicotinamide HCl: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 8.85 (d, 2H, J=5.0 Hz), 8.20 (d, 2H, J=5.5 Hz), 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.19-7.11 (m, 4H), 6.86 (m, 2H), 5.15 (m, 1H), 4.45-4.14 (m, 1H), 3.78 (m, 1H), 3.16 (m, 1H), 3.34 (m, 4H), 3.07-2.99 (m, 5H), 2.43, 2.38 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.10-0.70 (m, 7H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.9, 168.0, 165.5, 165.4, 162.3, 151.1, 145.0, 136.6, 136.0, 134.6, 134.1, 133.8, 132.9, 130.9, 129.1, 127.0, 117.2, 116.9, 116.7, 69.2, 68.7, 54.5, 53.9, 53.0, 51.7, 51.2, 40.3, 39.2, 38.1, 37.2, 33.1, 32.5, 32.2, 26.6, 20.7, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 628 (M+H, 100), 630 (M+2+H, 70).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-propyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl)}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.11 (m, 6H), 6.85 (m, 2H), 4.97 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.07 (m, 2H), 3.87-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.49-3.08 (m, 4H), 3.00-2.80 (m, 4H), 2.61 (bs, 3H), 2.47 (m, 2H), 2.17-2.03 (m, 4H), 1.82-1.44 (m, 6H), 1.00-0.72 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.0, 170.0, 168.8, 165.5, 140.3, 133.8, 132.8, 131.5, 130.1, 116.8, 116.5, 70.0, 61.4, 54.4, 51.9, 51.1, 47.7, 40.3, 38.2, 32.4, 31.5, 30.4, 26.7, 25.3, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 600 (M+H, 100), 602 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 2-{4-[2-Aminosulfonyl amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 6.80˜8.00 (m, 11H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.41 (m, 1H), 3.91 (m, 1H), 2.90˜3.50 (m, 10H), 2.46 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 3H), 1.58 (m, 2H), 0.80˜1.50 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 75 MHz), 171.58, 166.73, 138.61, 132.85, 131.34, 131.29, 131.18, 128.98, 128.49, 127.93, 127.83, 126.82, 126.56, 116.09, 115.80, 68.56, 53.79, 52.28, 47.97, 47.54, 38.92, 38.40, 34.09, 30.50, 26.40, 19.10, 13.54; MS (ES-MS) m/z 584 (M+1).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.84 (t, 3H), 1.055 (m, 2H), 1.39 (m, 2H), 1.83 (m, 5H), 2.36 (m, 2H), 2.67, 2.70 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.02 (m, 8H), 3.95 (m, 1H, J=12.3), 4.22 (m, 1H), 4.49 (m, 1H), 5.17 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 4H), 7.27 (m, 4H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 42.67, 42.69, 44.86, 45.59; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 133.2, 132.8, 129.9, 125.5, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.8, 61.4, 56.1, 55.0, 54.1, 52.0, 51.4, 50.2, 47.7, 43.1, 39.7, 38.6, 32.6, 31.6, 29.3, 29.0, 26.2, 25.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/e 572 (M+1).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.90 (t, 3H), 1.12 (m, 2H), 1.53 (m, 2H), 1.78 (m, 2H), 1.98 (m, 5H), 2.36 (m, 1H), 2.60, 2.64 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.85 (m, 1H), 3.05 (m, 8H), 3.33 (m, 8H), 3.55 (m, 1H), 4.24 (m, 1H), 4.74 (m, 1H), 5.19 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 4H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 44.92, 45.29, 45.38, 46.17; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.5, 162.9, 162.2, 134.9, 133.9, 132.8, 132.6, 132.5, 117.1, 116.7, 116.6, 116.5, 116.3, 71.3, 61.4, 55.5, 54.7, 52.0, 50.3, 41.8, 38.4, 34.8, 34.6, 33.2, 32.5, 31.6, 26.4, 25.3, 20.7, 20.5, 14.5; MS m/e 570 (M+1).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.929 (m, 3H), 1.179 (m, 2H), 1.53 (m, 2H), 1.776 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 5H), 2.34 (m, 2H), 2.63, 2.67 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.79 (m, 1H), 3.04 (m, 8H), 3.33 (m, 8H), 3.689 (m, 1H), 4.69 (m, 1H), 5.19 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 1H), 7.18 (m, 3H), 7.31 (m, 3H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 19.44, 19.98, 22.28, 22.61, 45.27, 46.08; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 171.6, 171.3, 169.4, 169.2, 164.4, 162.8, 162.3, 162.1, 133.7, 132.7, 132.6, 132.5, 132.5, 127.0, 119.4, 119.3, 119.3, 118.4, 118.2, 118.1, 116.7, 116.6, 116.4, 116.3, 70.7, 70.6, 61.1, 54.6, 51.8, 50.5, 49.9, 49.6, 49.4, 38.2, 34.5, 32.4, 31.3, 26.1, 25.0, 25.0, 20.3, 14.3; MS m/e 589 (M+1).
  • N-[2-{4-[2-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-isonicotinamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.90 (t, 3H), 1.140 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 2H), 1.79 (m, 1H), 1.96 (m, 1H), 2.61, 2.67 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.03 (m, 3H), 3.22 (m, 5H), 3.33 (m, 3H), 3.78 (m, 1H), 4.77 (m, 1H), 5.33 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 5H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 8.16 (d, 2H, J=5.7, 2-pyr-H), 8.93 (d, 2H, J=4.2, 3-pyr-H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 22.322, 22.354, 22.787, 45.402, 46.214; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 165.5, 150.1, 149.9, 145.6, 145.4, 134.2, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 127.2, 124.2, 119.7, 119.4, 119.3, 118.7, 118.3, 118.2, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 114.6, 71.4, 71.1, 56.1, 54.4, 53.8, 52.7, 52.6, 51.1, 50.8, 42.7, 39.5, 38.4, 34.6, 33.3, 32.7, 26.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/e 596 (M+1).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.847 (m, 3H), 1.264 (m, 2H), 1.427 (m, 5H), 1.450 (m, 5H), 1.853 (m, 3H), 2.037 (m, 1H), 2.696, 2.732 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.944 (m, 3H), 3.466 (m, 3H), 3.750 (m, 1H), 4.210 (m, 2H), 5.280 (m, 1H), 7.049 (m, 5H), 7.294 (m, 2H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 37.012, 41.402, 44.910, 45.792; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 132.8, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.6, 58.5, 55.2, 52.3, 50.2, 38.2, 32.6, 26.2, 24.7, 24.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/e 688 (M+1).
  • 4-Amino-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.890 (m, 3H), 1.094 (m, 2H), 1.470 (m, 2H), 1.680 (m, 4H), 1.813 (m, 4H), 2.489 (m, 2H), 2.659, 2.776 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.894 (m, 2H), 3.012 (m, 3H), 3.989 (m, 1H), 4.295 (m, 1H), 4.531 (m, 1H), 5.112 (m, 1H), 7.024 (m, 3H), 7.159 (m, 2H), 7.294 (m, 3H); 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 18.657, 19.025, 21.450, 21.721, 44.742, 45.624; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 132.7, 127.1, 119.6, 119.3, 118.3, 116.9, 116.6, 116.3, 71.2, 56.0, 55.0, 54.1, 51.6, 51.1, 42.8, 40.8, 39.9, 385, 35.0, 33.2, 32.7, 28.6, 26.3, 26.0, 20.6, 14.6; HRMS m/e for C33H44F3N5O3 (M+1) calc.: 616.347451, found: 616.349725.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.39-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.36 (m, 2H), 6.99-7.20 (m, 3H), 5.08-5.26 (m, 1H), 4.48-4.60 (m, 0.66H), 4.18-4.38 (m, 1.33H), 3.95-4.07 (m, 0.66H), 3.64-3.74 (m, 0.33H), 3.21-3.32 (m, 1H), 2.76-3.19 (m, 6H), 2.71 (s, 1.4H), 2.66 (s, 1.6H), 1.59-2.10 (m, 3.7H), 1.35-1.54 (m, 1H), 0.99-1.28 (m, 2H), 0.83-0.93 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 171.93, 171.62, 170.64, 169.72, 169.44, 165.46, 163.16, 162.68, 162.21, 161.71, 133.96, 133.61, 133.45, 132.90, 132.73, 132.24, 131.93, 131.80, 130.74, 117.04, 116.76, 116.47, 70.70, 70.63, 61.35, 55.66, 54.86, 53.98, 52.06, 51.98, 50.57, 49.99, 49.35, 47.73, 41.99, 39.65, 38.80, 38.47, 34.60, 34.47, 33.18, 32.55, 31.64, 26.38, 25.28, 20.67, 20.57, 14.55; MS (ESMS) m/z 620.4, 622.4, 624.6 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-isopropylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.39-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.36 (m, 2H)m, 7.00-7.21 (m, 3H), 5.11-5.28 (m, 1H), 4.48-4.59 (m, 0.6H), 4.17-4.36 (m, 1.4H), 3.84-4.05 (m, 1.6H), 3.70-3.81 (m, 0.4H), 2.76-3.26 (m, 8H), 2.46-2.63 (m, 1.4H), 2.22-2.41 (m, 1.6H), 1.62-2.28 (m, 4H), 1.42-1.57 (m, 1H), 0.83-1.37 (m, 12H); MS (ESMS) m/z 648.5, 650.6, 652.1 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide dihydrochloride. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.10-6.80 (m, 8H), 4.98 (m, 1H), 4.42-3.97 (m, 3H), 3.73-3.30 (m, 7H), 2.88 (m, 4H), 2.40, 2.36 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.19 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.45 (m, 6H), 0.98-0.68 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.8, 169.5, 167.5, 165.4, 162.2, 138.3, 135.9, 133.9, 132.9, 132.8, 131.8, 131.0, 129.5, 129.2, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 114.1, 74.5, 71.1, 70.6, 69.5, 62.6, 61.4, 54.7, 54.0, 53.5, 51.8, 51.2, 47.8, 40.2, 38.2, 34.7, 32.5, 31.6, 26.6, 25.3, 20.7, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 586 (M+H, 100), 588(M+2+H, 37).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide dihydrochloride. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.18 (m, 6H), 6.92 (m, 2H), 5.04 (m, 1H), 4.48-3.82 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.16 (m, 8H), 3.01 (m, 4H), 2.46, 2.42 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.23 (m, 1H), 1.89-1.61 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.00 (m, 3H), 0.77 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.8, 170.0, 168.0, 165.5, 162.2, 135.0, 134.9, 134.0, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 130.3, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 97.8, 97.5, 74.5, 71.1, 70.6, 69.5, 62.6, 61.4, 54.7, 52.1, 51.9, 51.1, 50.6, 47.8, 40.3, 38.3, 34.4, 32.5, 31.6, 26.6, 25.4, 20.7, 20.4, 14.4; MS m/z (ESI): 586 (M+H, 100), 588 (M+2+H, 30).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.29 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 5H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 4.95 (m, 1H), 4.33-4.19 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 1H), 3.83-3.50 (m, 1H), 3.32-3.14 (m, 1H), 3.06-2.65 (m, 10H), 2.48 (m, 1H), 2.44, 2.41 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.11 (m, 1H), 1.79-1.44 (m, 4H), 1.21 (m, 1H), 0.90 (m, 2H), 0.65 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.5, 172.4, 172.0, 168.6, 168.5, 165.4, 162.3, 137.5, 137.0, 135.6, 134.0, 133.5, 133.4, 133.0, 132.8, 132.7, 131.0, 129.9, 129.8, 128.4, 128.3, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.4, 69.3, 61.4, 56.0, 54.8, 53.8, 52.1, 51.1, 47.7, 42.8, 39.7, 38.5, 33.5, 33.3, 33.1, 32.5, 31.6, 26.3, 25.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 586 (M+H, 100), 588 (M+2+H, 30).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.28 (m, 4H), 7.06 (dd, 2H, J=17.6, 8.8 Hz), 5.16 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.04-3.69 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.28-2.69 (m, 9H), 2.69, 2.65 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.35 (m, 2H), 1.98 (m, 4H), 1.63-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.07 (m, 2H), 0.86 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.5, 172.0, 171.9, 169.1, 169.0, 165.5, 162.3, 136.7, 136.4, 136.1, 134.8, 134.6, 134.5, 134.0, 133.9, 133.0, 132.9, 132.7, 130.5, 130.4, 128.6, 128.5, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 69.2, 69.0, 61.4, 56.1, 54.9, 54.0, 52.1, 51.2, 47.7, 42.8, 39.7, 39.3, 38.6, 33.2, 32.9, 32.7, 32.6, 31.6, 26.3, 25.3, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 620 (M+H, 100), 622 (M+2+H, 70).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-fluoroethylcarbamoyl)-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.12-7.03 (m, 6H), 6.88 (m, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 4.41-4.01 (m, 4H), 3.90-3.60 (m, 1H), 3.34-2.57 (m, 12H), 2.47-2.13 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.53 (m, 4H), 1.32 (m, 1H), 1.00 (m, 3H), 0.71 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.0, 171.7, 171.5, 169.0, 165.5, 162.2, 138.5, 137.9, 134.0, 133.8, 132.8, 132.7, 132.4, 129.9, 129.8, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 84.5, 82.3, 71.1, 61.4, 55.9, 54.9, 54.0, 52.1, 51.0, 47.7, 42.7, 41.3, 41.0, 39.6, 39.2, 38.5, 35.1, 34.7, 33.3, 32.7, 31.6, 25.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 618 (M+H, 100), 620 (M+2+H, 37).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.27-7.03 (m, 8H), 5.13 (m, 1H), 4.69-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.24 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.49 (m, 2H), 3.16-3.00 (m, 8H), 2.65 (m, 5H), 2.38 (m, 1H), 2.00 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m, 1H), 1.05 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 171.9, 171.5, 169.6, 165.5, 164.7, 162.3, 161.5, 133.9, 133.3, 132.9, 130.2, 125.7, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 113.2, 69.9, 61.4, 56.7, 56.4, 52.0, 51.3, 47.8, 46.9, 42.2, 39.2, 38.5, 31.6, 29.3, 29.2, 26.3, 25.3, 17.1, 16.0; MS m/z (ESI): 542 (M+H, 100).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.60-7.89 (m, 3H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.38 (m, 3H), 7.01-7.16 (m, 2H), 5.06-5.22 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.90 (m, 0.4H), 4.40-4.55 (m, 0.6H), 4.04-4.33 (m, 2H), 3.61-3.89 (m, 1H), 2.66-3.33 (m, 7H), 2.51-2.63 (m, 3H), 2.28-2.46 (m, 1H), 1.70-2.02 (m, 3H), 1.32-1.49 (m, 1.4H), 1.09-1.25 (m, 1.6H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 172.40, 171.96, 170.75, 170.50, 169.73, 165.49, 162.79, 162.25, 135.37, 134.37, 133.90, 133.86, 132.90, 129.63, 129.50, 129.05, 128.94, 128.73, 127.66, 127.26, 117.01, 116.78, 116.53, 71.30, 61.35, 56.20, 52.01, 50.26, 50.51, 50.14, 47.75, 46.33, 41.18, 39.13, 38.36, 37, 69, 35.82, 31.60, 26.38, 25.31, 17.03, 15.93; MS (ESMS) m/z 574.4 (M+H)+.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) 7.42˜7.89 (m, 6H), 7.19˜7.34 (m, 3H), 6.96˜7.10 (m, 2H), 4.00˜4.90 (m, 6H), 3.30˜3.90 (m, 8H), 2.80˜3.20 (m, 3H), 2.50˜2.75 (m, 3H), 2.36 (m, 1H), 1.60˜2.10 (m, 5H), 1.25 (m, 2H), 0.95 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 602 (M+1).
  • A fourth aspect of Category III melanocortin receptor ligands relate to compounds wherein R5a and R5b are taken together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms, said compounds having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00128
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R5a/R5b ring, R7a, R8 and Q are defined herein below in Table XIII.
    TABLE XIII
    No. R1 R5a/R5b ring Q R7a R8
    1061 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1062 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1063 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1064 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1065 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1066 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1067 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1068 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1069 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1070 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1071 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1072 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1073 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1074 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1075 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1076 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1077 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1078 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1079 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1080 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1081 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1082 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1083 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1084 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1085 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1086 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1087 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1088 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1089 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1090 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1091 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1092 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1093 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1094 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1095 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1096 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1097 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1098 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1099 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1100 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1101 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1102 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1103 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1104 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1105 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1106 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1107 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1108 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1109 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1110 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1111 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1112 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1113 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1114 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1115 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1116 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1117 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1118 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1119 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1120 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1121 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1122 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1123 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1124 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1125 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1126 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1127 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1128 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1129 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1130 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1131 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1132 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1133 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1134 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1135 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1136 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1137 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1138 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1139 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1140 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1141 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1142 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1143 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1144 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1145 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1146 —CH2CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1147 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1148 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1149 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1150 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1151 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1152 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1153 —CH2(C3H5) azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1154 —CH2(C3H5) cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1155 —CH2(C3H5) cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1156 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1157 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1158 —CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1159 —CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1160 —CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1161 —CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1162 —CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1163 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1164 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1165 —CH2CH3 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1166 —CH2CH3 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1167 —CH2CH3 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1168 —CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1169 —CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1170 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1171 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1172 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopentyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1173 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-2-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1174 —CH2CH═CH2 azetidin-3-yl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1175 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1176 —CH2CH═CH2 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1177 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1178 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NH2 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1179 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclopropyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1180 —CH2CH2CH3 cyclobutyl —NHCH3 —C(O)N(CH3)2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the fourth aspect of Category III can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below, utilizing final analogs from the first aspect of this Category as starting points, for example, compound 41, as depicted in Scheme XVII herein below.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00129
    • EXAMPLE 15 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (50)
  • Preparation of 1-amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (50): Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methylpropionamide, 41, (0.3 g, 0.43 mmol) and 1-amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (87 mg, 0.43 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide (124 mg, 0.65 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (117 mg, 0.86 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.25 mL, 2.3 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (75 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. Solvent is removed in vacuo and the product dissolved in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, dichloro-methane, and water (1:2:0.1) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added and the solvents are removed in vacuo and the resulting residue purified over prep HPLC to afford 232 mg (71% yield) of the desired compound. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 330 MHz): δ 7.55-6.90 (m, 7H), 5.18-4.22 (m, 3.5H), 4.02-3.90 (m, 0.5H), 3.70-2.15 (m, 17H), 1.88-1.12 (m, 6H), 0.80-0.6 (m, 2H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 592.225749 calculated for C29H36Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 592.224973.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of compounds which comprise the fourth aspect of Category III.
  • 1-Amino-cylopropanecarboxylic acid {2-{4-{2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz)) δ 7.46-7.40-(m, 2H), 7.26-7.05 (m, 5H), 5.11-5.07 (m, 1H), 4.31 (d J=12.8 Hz, 0.5H), 4.01-3.92 (m, 1H), 3.44-3.38 (m, 0.5H), 3.35-3.33 (m, 4H), 3.11-2.95 (m, 8H), 2.68-2.66 (m, 5H), 2.33-2.29 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.32 (m, 6H).
  • HRFAB(positive) m/e 578.210099 calculated for C28H34Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 578.207967.
  • 1-Amino-cylopropanecarboxylic acid {2-{4-{2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz)) δ 7.33-7.23 (m, 4H), 7.21-7.18 (m, 2H), 7.10-7.05 (m, 2H), 5.08 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (br s, 0.5H), 4.40 (d, J=12.6 Hz, 0.5H), 4.05-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.68-3.60 (m, 0.5H), 3.50-3.40 (m, 0.5H), 3.34-3.24 (m, 3H), 3.20-2.80 (m, 8H), 2.66-2.60 (m, 4H), 1.98-1.90 (m, 0.5H), 1.69-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.40 (m, 5H), 1.13-1.00 (m, 1.5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz)) δ 174.0, 173.0, 172.0, 171.0, 165.5, 162.5, 162.2, 162.0, 137.4, 134.0, 132.8, 132.4, 130.0, 116.8, 71.1, 56.3, 52.3, 50.9, 50.3, 50.0, 49.7, 46.4, 41.4, 38.7, 38.0, 36.7, 35.0, 26.4, 17.0, 15.9, 13.9. HRFAB(positive) m/e 544.249071 calculated for C29H35ClFN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 544.248512.
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-fluoroethylcarbamoyl)-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz)) δ 7.50-7.38 (m, 6H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 5.33 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.49 (m, 3H), 4.23-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.73-3.54 (m, 2H), 3.40-3.01 (m, 8H), 2.83 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.04 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.06 (m, 11H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz)) δ 172.2, 171.8, 171.5, 170.9, 165.5, 162.2, 138.5, 137.8, 134.2, 134.0, 133.8, 132.7, 132.6, 132.4, 129.9, 117.1, 116.7, 116.5, 84.5, 82.2, 71.0, 55.9, 54.9, 53.7, 52.3, 51.0, 42.5, 41.3, 41.0, 39.2, 38.0, 36.7, 35.1, 34.7, 33.2, 32.7, 20.8, 20.6, 14.6, 13.9, 13.8; MS m/z (ESI): 604 (M+H, 100), 606 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-fluoroethylcarbamoyl)-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz, with rotamers) □ 7.50-7.40 (m, 6H), 7.27 (dd, 2H, J=18.9, 10.1 Hz), 5.36 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.49 (m, 3H), 4.22-3.94 (m, 1H), 3.70-3.57 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.04 (m, 8H), 2.90 (s, 3H), 2.83 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.07 (m, 1H), 1.94-1.05 (m, 11H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz, with rotamers) □ 172.4, 172.0, 171.6, 169.6, 165.5, 162.4, 138.6, 138.0, 134.3, 132.8, 132.4, 129.9, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 113.7, 84.5, 82.3, 71.1, 55.9, 55.0, 53.8, 52.3, 51.1, 44.0, 42.6, 41.3, 41.0, 39.3, 39.1, 38.0, 35.1, 34.7, 33.3, 32.7, 20.6, 14.6, 13.8; MS m/z (ESI): 618 (M+H, 100), 620 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz, with rotamers) □ 7.39-7.09 (m, 8H), 5.22 (m, 1H), 4.66-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.14-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.56-2.89 (m, 10H), 2.75, 2.72 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.37-0.95 (m, 11H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz, with rotamers) □ 172.5, 172.2, 171.8, 170.9, 170.5, 165.3, 162.2, 138.6, 137.8, 134.1, 132.7, 132.3, 129.9, 129.8, 117.1, 116.7, 116.5, 71.2, 55.9, 54.9, 53.7, 52.3, 50.9, 42.4, 39.2, 38.0, 36.7, 35.1, 34.8, 33.1, 32.6, 26.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6, 13.9, 13.8; MS m/z (ESI): 572 (M+H, 100), 574(M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz, with rotamers) □ 7.46-7.16 (m, 8H), 5.30 (m, 1H), 4.77-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.24-3.87 (m, 1H), 3.74 (m, 1H), 3.43-3.04 (m, 8H), 2.86, 2.85 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.81, 2.77 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(CH2—CH2)C(O), rotamers), 2.58-2.00 (Im, 1H), 1.83-1.02 (m, 11H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz, with rotamers) □ 172.1, 171.7, 171.2, 169.8, 165.5, 162.2, 138.4, 137.5, 134.2, 133.8, 132.8, 132.7, 132.4, 130.0, 129.8, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 71.1, 55.8, 54.9, 53.6, 52.3, 50.7, 44.1, 42.2, 39.1, 37.9, 35.0, 34.8, 33.3. 33.2, 32.6, 26.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.5, 13.8, 13.6; MS m/z (ESI): 586 (M+H, 100), 588 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz, with rotamers) □ 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 5.12 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.35 (m, 1H), 4.05-3.63 (m, 2H), 3.41-2.87 (m, 6H), 2.68, 2.64 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.28-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.65-0.77 (m, 11H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz, with rotamers) □ 172.2, 171.9, 171.0, 170.6, 165.4, 162.5, 162.2, 136.5, 136.3, 135.4, 135.0, 134.5, 134.1, 132.9, 132.8, 132.6, 130.6, 130.5, 128.7, 128.5, 119.9, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 69.0, 68.9, 55.9, 54.7, 52.3, 50.8, 42.2, 39.2, 38.0, 36.7, 33.0, 32.7, 32.5, 26.4, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6, 14.0, 13.8; MS m/z (ESI): 606 (M+H, 100), 608 (M+2+H, 70).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz, with rotamers) □ 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.39 (m, 4H), 7.19 (m, 3H), 5.25 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.06-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.57-2.98 (m, 9H), 2.98, 2.85, 2.77 (3 singlets, 6H, CH3NHC(O) and CH3NHC(CH2—CH2)C(O), rotamers), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.24-0.94 (m, 11H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, 75 MHz, with rotamers) □ 172.8, 172.6, 172.0, 171.6, 169.6, 136.8, 136.3, 134.5, 134.1, 132.8130.4, 128.5, 117.3, 116.7, 116.4, 69.2, 69.1, 63.6, 56.3, 55.0, 52.4, 52.2, 51.6, 44.1, 43.2, 39.7, 39.2, 38.0, 36.0, 33.2, 33.0, 32.8, 32.6, 26.3, 20.6, 14.7, 13.8, 13.6; MS m/z (ESI): 620 (M+H, 100), 622(M+2+H, 70).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.27-7.03 (m, 8H), 5.07 (t, 1H, J=7.7 Hz), 4.68-4.33 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.52 (m, 1H), 3.19-2.97 (m, 7H), 2.74-2.63 (m, 5H), 2.37-1.82 (m, 1H), 1.66 (m, 1H), 1.49-1.29 (m, 4H), 1.01 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.2, 171.8, 170.9, 165.5, 164.7, 162.2, 161.4, 134.1, 133.3, 132.8, 130.3, 125.7, 117.0, 116.8, 116.4, 65.8, 56.6, 56.4, 52.3, 51.2, 46.8, 42.0, 38.8, 38.5, 38.0, 36.7, 29.3, 26.3, 17.0, 15.9, 13.9; MS m/z (ESI): 528 (M+H, 100).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.880 (m, 3H), 1.177 (m, 2H), 1.393 (m, 2H), 1.444 (m, 2H), 1.493 (m, 2H), 1.651 (m, 1H), 2.631, 2.669 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 3.182 (m, 3H), 3.206 (m, 3H), 3.753 (m, 1H), 4.692 (m, 1H), 5.129 (m, 1H), 7.040 (m, 3H), 7.145 (m, 2H), 7.288 (m, 2H), 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 19.561, 20.168, 22.322, 22.663, 45.202, 46.12; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 163.3, 162.8, 162.2, 137.8, 137.1, 134.2, 134.1, 132.9, 132.7, 132.6, 127.2, 119.6, 119.4, 118.5, 118.4, 118.3, 118.2, 117.1, 116.7, 116.4, 71.114, 71.0, 56.1, 54.9, 52.3, 51.2, 50.3, 50.1, 42.9, 38.0, 36.7, 34.9, 33.1, 32.7, 26.3, 20.7, 20.6, 14.6, 13.9, 13.8; MS m/e 674 (M+1).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) □ 0.902 (m, 3H), 1.091 (m, 2H), 1.481 (m, 4H), 1.655 (m, 2H), 1.753 (m, 1H), □ 2.273 (m, 1H), 2.653, 2.713 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.707 (m, 5H), 3.046 (m, 4H), 3.166 (m, 1H), 4.580 (m, 1H), 5.160 (m, 1H), 7.045 (m, 3H), 7.142 (m, 2H), 7.278 (m, 2H), 19F NMR (282 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 18.901, 19.388, 21.878, 22.176, 45.099, 45.884; 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD with rotamers) □ 134.3, 132.8, 132.7, 127.1, 119.6, 119.4, 118.2, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 71.1, 56.1, 55.0, 53.8, 52.3, 51.3, 50.2, 44.0, 43.0, 39.2, 38.0, 35.0, 34.6, 33.2, 32.7, 26.2, 20.6, 14.6, 13.7; MS m/e 588 (M+1).
  • The fifth aspect of Category III comprises compounds having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00130
  • wherein R is a substituted phenyl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a, R8, and Q are defined herein below in Table XIV and in the examples which follow.
    TABLE XIV
    No. R1 Q R7a R8
    1181 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1182 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1183 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1184 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1185 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1186 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1187 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1188 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1189 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1190 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1191 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1192 —CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1193 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1194 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1195 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1196 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1197 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1198 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1199 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1200 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1201 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1202 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1203 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1204 —CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1205 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1206 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1207 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1208 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1209 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1210 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1211 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1212 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1213 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1214 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1215 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1216 —CH2CH2CH3 —CH2OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1217 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1218 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1219 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1220 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1221 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1222 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1223 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1224 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1225 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1226 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1227 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1228 —CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1229 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1230 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1231 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1232 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1233 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1234 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1235 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1236 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1237 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1238 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1239 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1240 —CH2CH3 —OCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1241 —CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1242 —CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1243 —CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1244 —CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1245 —CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1246 —CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1247 —CH2CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1248 —CH2CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1249 —CH2CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1250 —CH2CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1251 —CH2CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1252 —CH2CH3 —CH(CH3)NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1253 —CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1254 —CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1255 —CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1256 —CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1257 —CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1258 —CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1259 —CH2CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1260 —CH2CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1261 —CH2CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1262 —CH2CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (4-
    chlorophenyl)methyl
    1263 —CH2CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1264 —CH2CH3 —C(CH3)2NHCH3 —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The following are non-limiting examples of compounds which comprise the fifth aspect of Category III.
  • Preparation of 2-{3-ethyl-4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-methoxy-acetylamino)-propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide HCl (0.3 g, 0.6 mmol) and methoxy acetic acid (0.05 mL, 0.6 mmol), 1-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.22 g, 1.1 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.1 g, 0.7 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (2.5 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.2 mL, 1.7 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (75 mL) are added, the organic layer is separated, and the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The organic extracts are combined, washed with water (2×50 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo and the resulting crude product is purified by preparative HPLC to afford 0.18 g (44% yield) of the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired product. 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.88-7.68 (m, 4H), 7.49-7.00 (m, 7H), 5.25-5.12 (m, 1H), 4.98-4.92 (m, 4H), 4.70 (br s, 0.5H), 4.52 (d, J=13.0 Hz, 0.5H), 4.18 (d, J=10.4 Hz, 0.5H), 3.96 (dd, J=13.0, 6.5 Hz, 0.5H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 3.75 (t, J=3.9 Hz, 0.5H), 3.61 (d, J=13.0 Hz, 0.5H), 3.52-3.18 (m, 7H), 3.18-2.92 (m, 3H), 2.85-2.78 (m, 0.5H), 2.60-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.05 (m, 0.5H), 1.98-1.70 (m, 2H), 0.85-0.78 (m, 3H); 13C NMR,
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-P00901
    173.0, 172.0, 170.0, 168.0, 166.0, 163.0, 162.0, 135.5, 134.4, 134.1, 133.0, 132.8, 132.7, 129.9, 129.7, 129.6, 129.1, 129.0, 128.6, 127.8, 127.5, 127.3, 117.0, 116.8, 116.5, 72.7, 71.4, 71.0, 60.0, 56.0, 53.4, 51.5, 51.4, 51.1, 51.0, 40.5, 39.9, 38.4, 35.4, 35.3, 26.5, 24.1, 23.4, 11.0, 10.8. HRFAB(positive) m/e 563.3034 calculated for C32H39FN4O4 (M+H)+, Found 563.3051.
  • Preparation of [2-[2-ethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester trifluoroacetate: To a cold solution of 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propioamide HCl, 41, (0.3 g, 0.6 mmol) in anhydrous DCM (5 mL) is added methyl chloroformate (0.1 mL, 1.3 mmol) and DIEA (0.2 mL, 1.1 mmol). The reaction mixture is allowed to stir for 2 hours at this temperature. EtOAc (15 mL) and water (15 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×20 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×20 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. Solvent is removed in vacuo and the product is purified by preparative HPLC to give TFA salt (0.14 g, 0.21 mmol, 35% yield). A small amount of product was converted into the free base by treating with NaHCO3 to obtain NMR spectra. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.83-7.75 (m, 3H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.28 (m, 3H), 7.17-7.13 (m, 2H), 7.00-6.94 (m, 2H), 6.60-6.40 (m, 0.5H), 5.66-5.63 (m, 0.5H), 4.95-4.78 (m, 1H), 4.30 (br s, 0.5H), 4.32-4.28 (m, 0.5H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 3.61 (s, 1H), 3.50-3.28 (m, 3H), 3.00-2.76 (m, 8H), 2.55-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.19 (td, J=10.4, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 1.90-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.65-1.22 (m, 2H), 0.83 (quartet, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR; □ 171.9, 170.3, 169.8, 163.8, 160.5, 156.4, 137.3, 133.7, 132.3, 132.1, 132.0, 131.4, 131.3, 131.2, 128.3, 127.9, 127.8, 127.7, 126.3, 125.7, 115.9, 115.7, 115.4, 70.7, 70.5, 55.4, 52.5, 51.9, 51.7, 51.6, 51.1, 51.0, 50.2, 49.7, 41.8, 40.0, 39.2, 37.9, 32.3, 26.2, 26.0, 23.3, 22.2, 10.8, 10.4. HRFAB (positive) m/e 549.2877 calculated for C31H37FN4O4 (M+H)+, Found 549.2868.
  • 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-methyl-2-methylamino-propionyl amino)-propionyl}-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.20-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.04 (br s, 2H), 6.91-(m, 3H), 4.85 (br s, 1H), 4.04 (d J=13.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.76-3.55 (m, 1H), 3.12-3.07 (m, 7H), 2.81-2.58 (m, 6H), 2.44-2.30 (m, 6H), 1.58-1.55 (m, 0.5H), 1.33-1.22 (m, 6H), 1.08-0.95 (m, 2H), 0.85-0.83 (m, 1H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 594.241399 calculated for C29H38Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 594.238873.
  • 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-methylamino-propionylamino)-propionyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.59-7.54 9 m, 2H), 7.44 (bs, 2H), 7.30-7.19 (m, 3H), 5.28-5.19 (m, 1H), 4.44 (d, J=12.4 Hz, 0.5H), 4.14-3.95 (m, 2H), 3.61-3.60 (m, 0.5H), 3.48-3.46 (m, 3H), 3.32-2.92 (m, 7H), 2.82-2.78 (m, 4H), 2.72-2.67 (m, 5H), 1.97-1.87 (m, 0.5H), 1.64 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.47-1.34 (m, 1.5H), 1.24-1.22 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 173.0, 172.0, 170.0, 165.5, 162.3, 140.3, 139.8, 133.9, 133.5, 132.9, 131.8, 130.8, 116.8, 70.8, 58.6, 56.4, 51.8, 51.2, 50.3, 50.0, 49.6, 46.8, 42.0, 39.2, 38.5, 34.6, 32.2, 26.3, 17.2, 16.7, 16.0. HRFAB(positive) m/e 580.225749 calculated for C28H36Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 580.223868.
  • 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-dimethylamino-acetylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.68-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.55-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.38-7.18 (m, 3H), 5.39-5.30 (m, 1H), 4.98-4.91 (m, 0.5H), 4.58-4.49 (m, 0.5H), 4.20-4.10 (m, 3H), 3.72-3.48 (m, 5H), 3.32-3.08 (m, 10H), 2.92-2.85 (m, 5H), 2.58-2.48 (m, 0.5H), 2.05-1.92 (m, 0.5H), 1.54-1.48 (m, 1.5H), 1.30-1.20 (m, 1.5H); 13C NMR □ 174.0, 172.0, 165.5, 162.7, 140.3, 139.9, 133.8, 133.5, 132.8, 131.8, 130.7, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 70.9, 70.7, 59.4, 56.6, 56.4, 52.0, 51.2, 50.2, 50.0, 49.6, 49.4, 49.1, 46.844.8, 42.0, 39.3, 38.5, 34.9, 34.7, 26.3, 17.1, 16.0. HRFAB(positive) m/e 580.225749 calculated for C28H36Cl2FN5O3 (M+H)+, Found 580.223768.
  • 2-{4-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-propionyl]-2-oxo-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 8.78-8.84 (m, 0.4H), 7.78-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.72 (s, 0.2H), 7.65 (s, 0.8H), 7.38-7.59 (m, 3H), 7.13-7.30 (m, 2H), 6.94-7.11 (m, 2H), 5.58-5.72 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.66 (m, 1.6H), 3.82-4.36 (m, 2H), 3.40-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.32 (m, 3.4H), 2.78-3.03 (m, 1.4H), 2.65-2.74 (m, 0.6H), 2.61 (s, 0.6H), 2.58 (s, 2.4H), 0.64-1.16 (m, 2H), 0.18-0.58 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) □ 172.83, 170.14, 168.35, 167.42, 165.92, 162.82, 162.66, 162.35, 135.67, 135.28, 134.39, 133.1, 133.05, 132.58, 132.46, 130.91, 130.39, 129.76, 129.16, 129.09, 128.90, 128.49, 128.07, 127.86, 127.35, 117.83, 117.54, 117.36, 117.08, 60.63, 60.70, 59.42, 58.46, 58.14, 57.32, 43.90, 43.13, 42.85, 42.36, 41.90, 41.44, 40.98, 40.96, 39.63, 37.38, 36.84, 35.92, 35.75, 32.58, 20.03, 19.88, 14.09; MS (ESMS) m/z 601.3 (M+H)+.
  • [2-{4-[2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester: 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) □ 7.40-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.23-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.12-7.21 (m,1H), 6.99-7.21 (m, 2H), 4.78-4.88 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.68 (m, 0.6H), 4.28-4.37 (m, 0.4H), 4.00-4.10 (m, 0.4H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.44-3.54 (m, 0.4H), 2.62-3.32 (m,12H), 2.12-2.28 (m, 0.4H), 1.26-1.77 (m, 2.5H), 0.94-1.26 (m, 1.5H), 0.88 (dd, J=13.2, 6.6 Hz, 3H); MS (ESMS) m/z 581.4, 583.2, 585.6 (M+H)+, Cl2 isotope pattern.
  • [2-{4-[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 5H), 6.85 (m, 2H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.47-4.16 (m, 1H), 3.89-3.49 (m, 1H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.25-2.64 (m, 9H), 2.45, 2.40 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.10-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.23 (m, 2H), 0.90-0.66 (m, 5H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.7, 172.5, 172.0, 170.3, 165.4, 162.2, 159.3, 137.0, 135.6, 134.2, 133.5, 132.8, 132.7, 131.1, 130.9, 130.4, 129.9, 128.6, 128.4, 117.0, 116.4, 69.7, 69.3, 55.6, 54.0, 53.7, 53.4, 53.1, 51.5, 41.4, 40.2, 38.8, 33.2, 32.5, 26.4, 20.6, 20.5, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 547 (M+H, 100), 549 (M+2+H, 35).
  • [2-{4-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester trifluoroacetate. 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.45 (m, 4H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 4.84 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.03 (m, 1H), 4.16-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.43 (m, 1H), 3.24-2.97 (m, 8H), 2.66, 2.61 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.50-1.89 (m, 1H), 1.75-0.99 (m, 4H), 0.90 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.6, 172.3, 170.9, 169.3, 164.4, 162.8, 161.6, 161.4, 159.1, 158.7, 137.3, 135.9, 134.4, 134.1, 134.0, 132.7, 132.5, 132.2, 132.1, 130.0, 129.7, 118.4, 116.7, 116.5, 116.4, 116.3, 71.3, 70.8, 55.0, 53.9, 53.4, 53.2, 53.1, 52.9, 51.2, 49.9, 40.7, 39.8, 38.4, 38.0, 34.3, 33.0, 32.3, 26.2, 26.1, 20.4, 20.2, 14.3, 14.2; MS m/z (ESI): 547 (M+H, 100), 549 (M+2+H, 35).
  • [2-{4-[2-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.27 (m, 5H), 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 4.84 (m, 1H), 4.68-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.13-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 3.38-2.89 (m, 9H), 2.66, 2.61 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.37-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.69 (m, 1H), 1.47 (m, 1H), 1.11 (m, 2H), 0.90 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □173.0, 172.8, 172.0, 170.4, 165.4, 162.2, 159.3, 141.7, 140.3, 135.8, 135.6, 134.3, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 131.5, 131.3, 130.9, 129.3, 128.7, 128.2, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 71.5, 71.0, 55.5, 54.2, 53.8, 53.3, 53.1, 51.3, 41.3, 40.1, 38.7, 34.9, 33.2, 32.5, 26.4, 20.6, 20.5, 14.5; MS m/z (ESI): 547 (M+H, 100), 549 (M+2+H, 35).
  • 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionylamino)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.18-7.09 (m, 6H), 6.94 (m, 2H), 4.97 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.29 (m, 1H), 3.99-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.53-3.28 (m, 1H), 3.15-2.75 (m, 8H), 2.54, 2.49 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.30-1.72 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.22, 1.16 (2 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.01 (m, 2H), 0.80 (t, 3H, J=7.2 Hz); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 179.3, 178.9, 171.9, 171.8, 171.3, 169.8, 164.4, 162.8, 161.4, 161.2, 137.6, 136.3, 134.3, 133.8, 133.7, 132.8, 132.7, 132.6, 132.2, 132.1, 129.9, 129.7, 118.4, 116.7, 116.6, 116.4, 116.3, 73.8, 71.3, 70.9, 55.2, 54.2, 53.9, 51.2, 51.0, 50.8, 50.0, 40.9, 40.2, 38.6, 38.3, 34.6, 34.4, 33.2, 32.4, 28.0, 27.9, 27.8, 26.2, 26.1, 20.3, 20.2, 14.4, 14.3; MS m/z (ESD: 575 (M+H, 100), 577 (M+2+H, 30).
  • 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionylamino)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.17 (m, 5H), 7.07-6.89 (m, 3H), 4.98 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.00-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.27 (m, 1H), 3.13-2.75 (m, 8H), 2.54, 2.49 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.31-1.71 (m, 1H), 1.61-1.39 (m, 2H), 1.22, 1.16 (2 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.02 (m, 2H), 0.80 (m 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 179.5, 179.1, 172.2, 172.0, 171.5, 170.0, 165.5, 162.2, 161.6, 161.1, 141.5, 140.1, 135.8, 135.6, 133.9, 132.9, 132.8, 131.5, 131.3, 129.3, 129.2, 128.7, 117.1, 116.7, 116.4, 74.0, 71.5, 71.0, 55.5, 54.5, 54.2, 51.5, 51.2, 51.1, 41.2, 40.5, 38.8, 38.5, 35.0, 34.9, 33.4, 32.6, 28.2, 28.1, 26.4, 20.5, 20.4, 14.5; MS m/z (ESI): 575 (M+H, 100), 577(M+2+H, 30).
  • 3-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl-amino)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.46 (d, 1H, J=8.8 Hz), 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.04 (dd, 2H, J=18.2, 8.9 Hz), 5.05 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.30 (m, 1H), 3.93-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.18-2.94 (m, 6H), 2.77 (m, 2H), 2.67, 2.62 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.15-1.69 (m, 1H), 1.58-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.31, 1.28, 1.25 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers), 1.10 (m, 2H), 0.86 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 179.0, 178.8, 172.2, 172.0, 171.5, 165.5, 162.2, 136.5, 136.4, 135.5, 135.0, 134.6, 134.0, 133.0, 130.6, 130.5, 128.7, 128.5, 117.0, 116.7, 116.4, 74.1, 69.4, 69.0, 56.0, 54.7, 54.2, 51.4, 51.0, 50.9, 42.0, 40.5, 39.1, 39.0, 33.5, 32.8, 32.7, 32.6, 28.3, 28.1, 26.4, 20.6, 20.4, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 609 (M+H, 100), 611 (M+2+H, 70).
  • {1-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-2-[4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-carbamic acid methyl ester. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.00˜7.90 (m, 11H), 4.84 (m, 1H), 3.80˜4.20 (m, 1H), 3.99˜3.90 (m, 14H), 2.66 (m, 3H), 1.50˜1.80 (m, 2H), 1.00˜1.40 (m, 2H), 0.93 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 563 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionylamino)-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 6.93˜7.90 (m, 11H), 5.00˜5.18 (m, 1H), 3.20˜3.70 (m, 4H), 2.70˜3.01(m, 9H), 1.00˜1.70 (m, 10H), 0.88 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 591 (M+1).
  • 2-{4-[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-methylamino-propionyl]-3-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) □ 7.000˜7.83 (m, 11H), 3.20˜3.70 (m, 4H), 2.40˜3.10 (m, 10H), 2.05˜2.35 (m, 5H), 1.00˜1.83 (m, 4H), 0.91 (m, 3H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 535 (M+1).
  • [2-{4-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.47 (d, 1H, J=8.7 Hz), 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.04 (dd, 2H, J=16.4, 8.1 Hz), 4.81 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.33 (m, 1H), 4.04-3.56 (m, 1H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.38 (m, 1H), 3.20-2.77 (m, 8H), 2.68, 2.64 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.19-1.72 (m, 1H), 1.57-1.39 (m, 2H), 1.03 (m, 2H), 0.86 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.3, 173.0, 171.0, 165.4, 162.2, 159.3, 158.9, 136.4, 135.2, 134.6, 134.3, 133.0, 132.8, 132.7, 130.6, 130.5, 128.7, 128.5, 116.9, 116.7, 116.4, 69.4, 69.1, 55.8, 54.2, 53.9, 53.4, 53.1, 51.2, 50.6, 41.8, 40.2, 39.1, 38.8, 33.2, 32.7, 32.5, 26.4, 20.5, 14.6; MS m/z (ESI): 581 (M+H, 100), 583 (M+2+H, 70)
  • 2-{4-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-(2-methylamino-acetylamino)-propionyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD, Rotamers) □ 7.75-7.89 (m, 3H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.54 (m, 5H), 6.99-7.15 (m, 2H), 5.03-5.22 (m, 1H), 4.34-4.49 (m, 0.6H), 3.42-4.12 (m, 6H), 2.48-3.30 (m, 9H), 1.85-2.00 (m, 1H), 1.02-1.43 (m, 3H); MS (ESMS) m/z 548.4 (M+H)+.
  • The compounds which comprise Category III are also compounds wherein R7a is hydrogen, as described herein above, and as provided by example in the description of Category II analogs according to the present invention.
  • The Category IV melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprises the 2-hydrocarbyl-pyrrolidines having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00131
    the first aspect of which comprises pyrrolidine analogs having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00132
    wherein R, R1, and R8 are defined herein above. The compounds which comprise the first aspect of Category IV can be prepared by the procedure outline herein below in Scheme XVI. Starting material 51 can be obtained from N-Boc-3-(R)-hydroxypyrrolidine as set forth therein below.
  • Preparation of N-Boc-3-R-hydroxypyrrolidine: Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (14.0 g, 63.1 mmol) is added to a stirred solution of 3-R-hydroxypyrrolidine (5.0 g, 57.4 mol) and triethylamine (16 mL, 114.8 mmol) dissolved in dichloromethane (58 ml) at 0° C. The resulting solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 4 hours. The solution is then diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL), washed twice with 1 N HCl and twice with aq. NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer is then dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (9.9 g, 92%) as a white solid which is sufficiently pure for use without further purification.
  • Preparation of N-Boc-2-S-allyl-4-R-hydroxypyrrolidine: A solution of N-Boc-3-R-hydroxypyrrolidine (3.0 g, 16.0 mmol), and TMEDA (6.4 mL, 40.1 mmol) is dissolved in THF (50 mL) and cooled to −78° C. To this reaction mixture is added a solution of 1.3 M sec-butyl lithium (50 mL) in cyclohexanes with stirring. The resulting orange-colored mixture is allowed to warm to −40° C. and stirred for 2.75 hours. The mixture is again cooled to −78° C. and allyl bromide (3.1 mL, 35.3 mmol) is added. This mixture is slowly warmed to room temperature with stirring over 4.5 hours. The reaction is quenched with aq. NH4Cl solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL). The organic layer is then dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The oily residue is purified over silica gel (CH2Cl2/acetone, 3:1) to afford the desired product (2.0 g, 56%) as a clear oil.
  • Preparation of N-Boc-2-(S)-allyl-4-(R)-(benzyloxy)pyrrolidine: Sodium hydride (408 mg, 11.5 mmol) is added in portions to a stirred solution of N-Boc-2-S-allyl-4-R-hydroxypyrrolidine (2.0 g, 8.8 mmol) in DMF at 0° C. and the reaction mixture is stirred for 20 min. Benzylbromide (2.3 g, 13.2 mmol) in DMF(5 mL) is then added and the resulting solution is stirred for 5 hours at room temperature. The reaction is quenched with aq. NH4Cl solution and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers are dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a yellow oil. The oil residue is purified over silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc, 6:1) to afford the desired product as a clear oil.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00133
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00134
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00135
    • EXAMPLE 16 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluor-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (56)
  • Preparation of 2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidine (52): 2-Allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, 51, (0.76 g, 2.4 mmol) is dissolved in methylene chloride (33 mL), and trifluoroacetic acid (25 mL) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour and then concentrated in vacuo. MeOH (40 mL) is added and the solvent is removed in vacuo to afford the desired product in approximately quanitative yield as a viscous oil which is used without further purification.
  • Preparation of [2-(2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (53): To a solution of 2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidine, 52, (0.52 g. 2.4 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) are added Boc-D-(4-fluorophenyl)alanine (0.74 g, 2.6 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (0.73 g, 4.8 mmol), and N-methylmorpholine (1.5 g, 14.4 mmol), EDC (0.55 g, 2.9 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 1 hr and then warmed to room temp and stirred an additional 1.5 hr. The reaction is quenched with saturated NH4Cl solution and the mixture is extracted 3 times with EtOAc (70 mL). The organic layers are combined, washed with saturated NaCl solution, dried over Na2SO4, and the solvent is removed in vacuo. The crude product is purified over silica (88/12 hexane/ethyl acetate) to afford 0.67 g (58% yield) of the desired compound as a white solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) δ 7.20-7.50 (m, 6.6H), 6.52-7.10 (m, 2.4H), 5.58-5.85 (m, 1H), 4.85-5.20 (m, 2H), 4.30-4.61 (m, 3H), 3.11-4.25 (m, 5H), 2.85-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.47-2.80 (m, 1H), 1.83-2.27 (m, 2H), 1.33-1.48 (m, 9H); MS (ESMS) m/z 483.1 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 1-(2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propan-1-one (54): [2-(2-Allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 53, (0.67 g, 1.4 mmol) is dissolved in methylene chloride (21 mL), and trifluoroacetic acid (9 mL) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hourr and then concentrated in vacuo. MeOH (40 mL) is added and the solvent is removed in vacuo to afford the desired product in approximately quanitative yield as a viscous oil which is used without further purification.
  • Preparation of 3-[2-(2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (55): To solution of 1-(2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propan-1-one, 54, (1.4 mmol) is dissolved in DMF (10 mL) are added N-Boc-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (0.47 g, 1.5 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.43 g, 2.8 mmol), N-methylmorpholine (0.84 g, 8.3 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.32 g, 1.7 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour and then warmed to room temperature and stirred an additional 15 hour. The reaction is quenched with saturated NH4Cl solution and then extracted 3 times with EtOAc (70 mL). The organic layers are combined, washed with saturated NaCl solution, dried over Na2SO4, and the solvent is removed in vacuo. The crude product is purified over silica to afford 0.69 g (77% yield) of the desired product as a white solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD, Rotamers) δ 6.90-7.41 (m, 13H), 5.55-5.81 (m, 1H), 4.32-5.12 (m, 8H), 3.94-4.18 (m, 2H), 2.75-3.89 (m, 6H), 2.39-2.64 (m, 1H), 1.78-2.29 (m, 2H), 1.20-1.64 (m, 10H); MS (ESMS) m/z 642.2 (M+H)+.
  • Preparation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(2-allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluor-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide (56): 3-[2-(2-Allyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, 55, (200 mg) is dissolved into CH2Cl2 (3 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 5 hours and concentrated. The residue is purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford 50 mg of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) δ 6.80˜7.50 (m, 13H), 5.75 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 2H), 4.30˜4.70 (m, 6H), 4.06 (m, 2H), 3.75 (m, 1H), 2.90˜3.30 (m, 6H), 2.69 (m, 1H), 2.23 (m, 1H), 1.80˜2.00 (m, 2H); MS (ES-MS) m/z 542 (M+1).
  • Category V melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention comprise the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the general scaffold with the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00136
    wherein R1 comprises a substituted alkyl unit. The first aspect of Category V comprises the 2-oxo-3-hydrocarbyl-piperazines having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00137
  • wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a and R8 are provided herein below in Table XV.
    TABLE XV
    No. R1 R7a R8
    1265 methoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1266 methoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1267 methoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1268 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1269 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1270 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1271 propoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1272 propoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1273 propoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1274 iso- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    propoxymethyl
    1275 iso-propoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1276 iso- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    propoxypropyl
    1277 methoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1278 methoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1279 methoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1280 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1281 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1282 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1283 propoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1284 propoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1285 propoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1286 iso- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    propoxymethyl
    1287 iso-propoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1288 iso- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    propoxypropyl
    1289 methoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1290 methoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1291 methoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1292 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1293 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1294 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1295 propoxymethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1296 propoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1297 propoxypropyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1298 iso- —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    propoxymethyl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1299 iso-propoxyethyl —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1300 iso- —C(O)NHCH3 (2,4-
    propoxypropyl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1301 methoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1302 methoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1303 methoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1304 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1305 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1306 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1307 propoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1308 propoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1309 propoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1310 iso- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    propoxymethyl
    1311 iso-propoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1312 iso- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    propoxypropyl
    1313 methoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1314 methoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1315 methoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1316 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1317 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1318 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1319 propoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1320 propoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1321 propoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1322 iso- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    propoxymethyl
    1323 iso-propoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1324 iso- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    propoxypropyl
    1325 methoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1326 methoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1327 methoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1328 ethoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1329 ethoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1330 ethoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1331 propoxymethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1332 propoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1333 propoxypropyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1334 iso- —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    propoxymethyl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1335 iso-propoxyethyl —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1336 iso- —C(O)NH2 (2,4-
    propoxypropyl dichlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the first aspect of Category V can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme XVII.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00138
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00139
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00140
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00141
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00142
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00143
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00144
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00145
    • EXAMPLE 17 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide (66)
  • Preparation of 2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-methoxy-propionylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (57): Naphthylen-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester HCl (3.3 g, 12.5 mmol), 3-methoxy-2-N-Boc-aminopropionic acid (2.7 g, 12.5 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (3.4 g, 25.0 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (2.8 g, 15.0 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (10 mL). This reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (4.1 mL, 37.5 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in the refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (75 mL) and water (500 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (2×75 mL). The organic layers are combined and washed with water (100 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 5.2 g (97% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (3000 MHz, CDCl3, δ): 7.84-7.72 (m, 3H), 7.60 (s,1H), 7.50-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.20 (m, 1H), 5.40 (br s, 1H), 4.94 (quartet, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (br s, 1H), 3.80(m, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.42 (m, 1H), 3.30 (m, 1H), 3.24 (s, 3H), 1.41 (s, 9H); 13C NMR, δ 171.8, 170.4, 155.3, 133.7, 133.6, 132.7, 128.4, 127.9, 127.7, 126.4, 126.0, 80.3, 72.2, 59.1, 54.0, 53.6, 52.6, 38.1, 28.5.
  • Preparation of 2-(2-amino-3-methoxy-propionylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester HCl (58): 2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-methoxy-propionylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 57, (5.2 g, 12.1 mmol) is dissolved in 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (40 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-Dichloroethane (40 mL) is added. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 4.43 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-methoxy-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionylamino]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (59): 2-(2-Amino-3-methoxy-propionylamino)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 58, (4.43 g, 12.1 mmol) and 2-nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride (2.8 g, 12.7 mmol) are dissolved in any THF (20 mL). The mixture is cooled to 0° C. and triethyl amine (5 mL) is added to the reaction mixture which is then allowed to stir overnight at room temperature. Water (100 mL) is added and the reaction mixture pH adjusted to 3 with 1M KHSO4. The solution is extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL) and the organic layers are combined and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 6.4 g (quantitative yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, δ): 8.02 (m, 1H), 7.8 (m, 4H), 7.60 (m, 3H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.33 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (d, J=6.25 Hz, 1H), 4.57 (quartet, J=6.25 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (quartet, J=6.25 Hz, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.47 (m, 2H), 3.44 (m, 2H), 3.49 (s, 3H); 13C NMR, δ 171.5, 168.7, 147.9, 134.2, 133.6, 133.5, 133.2, 132.7, 131.0, 128.4, 128.3, 127.9, 127.5, 126.5, 126.1, 125.9, 72.3, 59.1, 56.6, 53.8, 52.7, 38.0.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-methoxymethyl-4(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (60): 1,2-Dibromoethane (11 mL, 125 mmol) and K2CO3 (15.5 g, 112.3 mmol) are added to a 2-[3-methoxy-2-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonylamino)-propionylamino]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 59, (6.4 g, 12.4 mmol) solution in anhydrous DMF (30 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred at 60° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and the pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M KHSO4. The solution is extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL) and the organic layers are combined and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 5.6 g (85% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, δ): 7.89 (m, 1H), 7.70 (m, 3H), 7.57 (m, 3H), 7.47 (m, 1H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (m, 1H), 4.37 (s, 3H), 3.62 (m, 4H), 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.20 (m, 2H), 3.13 (s, 3H); 13C NMR, δ 170.4, 165.7, 156.5, 147.9, 134.2, 134.1, 133.6, 133.4, 132.6, 132.4, 130.8, 128.4, 127.8, 127.7, 127.2, 126.4, 126.0, 124.6, 74.1, 65.0, 58.9, 58.1, 52.7, 44.3, 41.8, 34.3.
  • Preparation of 2-[3-methoxymethyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-piperazine-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (61): To a solution of 2-[3-methoxymethyl-4(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-2-oxo-piperazin-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 60, (5.6 g, 10.4 mmol) in anhydrous THF (10 mL) is added 1.0M borane-tetrahydrofuran complex (31.2 mL) at −20° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at this temperature overnight. Methanol (3 mL) is added to the reaction mixture at −20° C. and allowed to stir for twenty minutes. Additional methanol (6 mL) is and the reaction mixture is allowed to warm to the room temperature. The solvent is removed in vacuo and the product purified over silica (EtOAc/Hexane, 1:1) to afford 3.5 g (64% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 8.05 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m,3H), 7.62 (m, 4H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.30 (dd, J=8.4, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.58 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 3.30-2.95 (m, 7H), 2.82 (s, 3H), 2.79 (m, 2H), 2.40 (dt, J=12.7, 4.3 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR, δ 171.8, 148.0, 136.0, 134.1, 133.7, 132.4, 132.0, 131.5, 128.1, 127.9, 127.7, 126.3, 125.8, 124.5, 69.5, 68.7, 58.7, 53.8, 52.8, 51.6, 46.6, 42.8, 35.4.
  • Preparation of 2-(3-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1yl)-3-naphthalen2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (62): To a solution of 2-[3-methoxymethyl-4-(2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl)-piperazine-1-yl]-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 61, (3.5 g, 6.67 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (40 mL) is added potassium carbonate (5.5 g, 40.0 mmol) and 4-mercaptophenol (2.5 g, 20.0 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for six hours at room temperature, then cooled in a ice bath and pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl. The reaction mixture is extracted with Et2O (4×100 mL). All organic layers are combined and extracted with 1M HCl (100 mL). All aqueous layers are combined and cooled in a ice bath and the pH is adjusted to 10 with K2CO3. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (4×125 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 2.2 g (97% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 8): 7.85-7.78 (m, 3H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.54-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.35 (dd, J=7.2, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.56 (dd, J=6.0, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.40-3.10 (m, 5H), 3.38 (s, 3H), 3.05-2.78 (m, 5H), 2.59 (dt, J=7.2, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 2.20 (t, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR, δ 171.8, 135.9, 133.7, 132.5, 128.2, 127.9, 127.8, 126.2, 125.7, 74.8, 69.9, 59.4, 55.2, 52.3, 51.4, 50.8, 45.6, 35.8.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester (63): 2-(3-Methoxymethyl-piperazine-1yl)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 62, (2.2 g, 6.4 mmol) and N-Boc-(4-flouro)phenylalanine (1.9 g, 6.8 mmol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (4.9 g, 12.9 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (20 mL). This reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C. then N-methylmorpholine (0.75 mL, 6.8 mmol) is added. This reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (75 mL) and water (300 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×150 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (100 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified over silica (EtOAc/Hexane, 1:1) to afford 3.6 g (92% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.72-7.58 (m, 3H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.22 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.10-6.98 (m, 2H), 6.82 (t, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 5.88-5.64 (m, 1H), 4.82-4.50 (m, 1.5H), 4.18 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 0.5H), 3.58-3.44 (m, 3H), 3.42-3.30 (m, 1.5H), 3.08-3.72 (m,10H), 2.68-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.40-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.70 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 0.5H), 1.35-1.25 (m, 1H), 1.30 (s, 9H); 13C NMR, δ 171.8, 171.4, 170.4, 163.9, 160.2, 153.0, 152.8, 136.0, 133.6, 132.6, 132.3, 131.4, 127.9, 127.7, 127.5, 126.2, 125.6, 115.5, 115.2, 115.1, 115.0, 79.5, 79.2, 69.6, 68.9, 68.3, 68.1, 60.3, 58.6, 58.3, 53.7, 52.0, 51.2, 48.8, 46.5, 45.6, 42.3, 40.0, 38.7, 35.3, 28.4.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid (64): LiOH (0.71 g, 29.7 mmol) is added to the cold solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid methyl ester, 63, (3.6 g, 5.9 mmol) in THF/H2O (2/1, 60 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled in ice bath and pH is adjusted to 3 with 1M HCl. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 3.7 g 100% yield) of the desired product.
  • Preparation of {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2oxo-ethyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (65): To a cold solution of 2-{4-[2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionic acid, 64, (2.7 g, 4.3 mmol) and PyBOP (2.9 g, 5.6 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (15 mL) is added 2M methyl amine solution in THF (4.4 mL, 8.8 mmol) and triethyl amine (1.5 mL, 10.7 mmol). The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (50 mL) and water (200 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with brine (100 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 2.6 g (100% yield) of the desired product. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.62-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.45 (s, 1H), 7.35-7.12 (m, 3H), 7.05-6.92 (m, 2H), 6.82-6.70 (m, 2H), 5.45 (dd, J=20.5, 8.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.75-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.05 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 0.5H), 3.5-3.20 (m, 1H), 3.20-3.08 (m, 1H), 3.08-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.92 (s, 8H), 2.84-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.55 (br s, 2H), 2.40-1.85 (m, 1H), 1.6 (s, 7H), 1.22 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 7H); ° C. NMR, δ 171.6, 171.4, 171.2, 170.2, 163.5, 160.3, 154.9, 137.3, 137.2, 132.6, 132.3, 132.1, 131.2, 127.6, 127.5, 126.0, 125.4, 115.4, 115.1, 114.9, 79.5, 79.3, 70.2, 69.6, 69.3, 58.9, 58.8, 53.3, 51.2, 49.8, 49.6, 48.7, 48.3, 46.3, 42.9, 39.8, 38.9, 38.6, 33.6, 28.3, 26.5, 26.4, 25.8, 25.7.
  • Preparation of 2-{4-[2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide HCl (66): {1-(4-Fluoro-benzyl)2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2oxo-ethyl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, 65, is dissolved in 4M HCl in dioxane (60 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred for 90 minutes then 1,2-dichloroethane (60 mL) is added. The solution is concentrated in vacuo to afford 3.6 g (98% yield) of the desired product.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of analogs which comprise the first aspect of Category V of the present invention.
  • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.33-7.09 (m, 8H), 4.77-4.20 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.38 (m, 3H), 3.30 (s, 3H), 3.25-2.70 (m, 9H), 2.67, 2.64 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.20-1.65 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.5, 170.3, 169.0, 165.9, 162.6, 162.2, 161.7, 138.8, 138.0, 134.0, 133.7, 133.3, 133.2, 132.3, 131.8, 131.5, 129.9, 129.8, 117.5, 117.3, 117.2, 117.1, 71.9, 71.0, 59.9, 59.7, 55.3, 52.6, 52.4, 43.6, 40.1, 38.6, 37.9, 35.3, 26.3; MS m/z (ESI): 491 (M+H, 100), 493 (M+2+H, 37).
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide;
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide; and
    • 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide.
  • The second aspect of Category V relates to compounds having the formula:
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00146
  • the first iteration of which relates to W units having the formula —NHC(O)Q wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl unit as described herein above and non-limiting examples of R1, R7a, R8 and Q are provided herein below in Table XVI.
    TABLE XVI
    No. R1 Q R7a R8
    300 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    301 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    302 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    303 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1337 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1338 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1339 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1340 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1341 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1342 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1343 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1344 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1345 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1346 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1347 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1348 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1349 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1350 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1351 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1352 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1353 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1354 methoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1555 ethoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1356 propoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1357 methoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1358 ethoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1359 methoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1360 ethoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1361 methoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1362 ethoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1363 propoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1364 methoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1365 ethoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1366 methoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1367 ethoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1368 methoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1369 ethoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1370 propoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1371 methoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1372 ethoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1373 methoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1374 ethoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1375 methoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1376 ethoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1377 propoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1378 methoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1379 ethoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1380 methoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1381 ethoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1382 methoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1383 ethoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1384 propoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1385 methoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1386 ethoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1387 methoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1388 ethoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1389 methoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1390 ethoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1391 propoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1392 methoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1393 ethoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1394 methoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1395 ethoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NH2 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1396 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1397 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1398 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1399 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1400 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1401 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1402 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    5-yl
    1403 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1404 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1405 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1406 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1407 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1408 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1409 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    5-yl dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1410 methoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1411 ethoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1412 propoxymethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1413 methoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1414 ethoxyethyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1415 methoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1416 ethoxypropyl 2-aminopyrrolidin- —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    5-yl
    1417 methoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1418 ethoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1419 propoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1420 methoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1421 ethoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1422 methoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1423 ethoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1424 methoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1425 ethoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1426 propoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1427 methoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1428 ethoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1429 methoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1430 ethoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1431 methoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1432 ethoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1433 propoxymethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1434 methoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1435 ethoxyethyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1436 methoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1437 ethoxypropyl THQ-3-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1438 methoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1439 ethoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1440 propoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1441 methoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1442 ethoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1443 methoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1444 ethoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 naphthylen-2-ylmethyl
    1445 methoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1446 ethoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1447 propoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1448 methoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1449 ethoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1450 methoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1451 ethoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (3,4-
    dichlorophenyl)methyl
    1452 methoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1453 ethoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1454 propoxymethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1455 methoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1456 ethoxyethyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1457 methoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
    1458 ethoxypropyl pyrrolidin-2-yl —C(O)NHCH3 (4-chlorophenyl)methyl
  • The compounds of the second aspect of Category V can be suitably prepared by the procedure outlined herein below in Scheme XVIII beginning with compounds which comprises the first aspect of this Category, for example, compound 66.
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00147
    Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00148
    • EXAMPLE 18 Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methyl carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide (68)
  • Preparation of 2-{1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (67): 2-{4-[2-Amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide HCl, 66, (0.36 g, 0.55 mmol) and BOC-L-Proline (0.13 g, 0.6 mmol) 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (0.2 g, 1.1 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.1 g, 0.7 mmol) are dissolved in anhydrous DMF (1.5 mL). The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C., then N-methylmorpholine (0.5 mL, 4.1 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is placed in a refrigerator overnight. EtOAc (25 mL) and water (75 mL) are added, and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). All organic layers are combined and washed with water (2×50 mL), and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is removed in vacuo to afford 0.39 g of the desired product.
  • Preparation of pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methoxy-methyl-4-(1-methyl carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide (68): Crude 2-{1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, 67, is dissolved in 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. 1,2-dichloroethane (10 mL) is added. Removal of solvents in vacuo gives the crude hydrogen chloride salt of product which is then purified by preparative HPLC to afford 0.22 g (54% yield) of the desired product as the trifluoroacetate salt. A small amount of product is converted into free base by treating with NaHCO3 to obtain NMR spectra. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.80-7.60 (m, 4H), 7.45-7.25 (m, 3H), 7.18-7.00 (m, 2H), 7.00-6.85 (m, 2H), 6.32-6.28 (m, 0.5H), 5.08-4.92 (m, 1H), 4.78-4.69 (0.5H), 4.10 (d, J=13.0 Hz, 0.5H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.15 (m, 8H), 2.98-2.46 (m, 11H), 2.28-2.15 (m, 0.5H), 2.15-1.50 (m, 8H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 604.3299 calculated for C34H42FN5O4 (M+H)+, Found 604.3292.
  • The following are non-limiting examples of other compounds according to the various aspects of Category V.
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.47-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.16-7.12 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.02 (m, 2H), 5.11 (t, J=15.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (br s, 0.5H), 4.25 (d, J=13.5 Hz, 0.5H), 3.95 (d, J=12.9 Hz, 0.5H0, 3.74-3.66 (m, 0.5H), 3.58 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 0.5H), 3.47-3.40 (m, 0.5H), 3.38-3.30 (m, 1H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 3.26-3.17 (m, 4H), 3.02-2.89 (m, 6.5H), 2.80-2.68 (m, 4H), 2.53-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.12 (t, J=11.1 Hz, 0.5H), 1.70-1.51 (m, 2H), 1.46-1.31 (m, 3H). HRFAB(positive) m/e 608.220664 calculated for C29H36Cl2FN5O4 (M+H)+, Found 608.218817.
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid[2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, δ): 7.46-7.42 (m,2H), 7.32-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.17-7.14 (m, 1H), 7.09-7.04 (m, 2H), 5.17 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (br s, 0.5H), 4.27-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.0 (m, 0.5H), 3.80 (bs, 0.5H), 3.57 (t, J=9.3 Hz, 0.5H), 3.45-3.20 (m, 10H), 3.09-2.89 (m, 6H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 3H), 2.52-2.28 (m, 2H), 2.20-1.72 (m, 4H); HRFAB(positive) m/e 622.236314 calculated for C30H38Cl2FN5O4 (M+H)+, Found 622.234445
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxy-methylpiperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2yl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 8.08 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 7.74-7.64 (m, 3H), 7.40-7.25 (m, 3H), 7.10-7.04 (m, 2H), 6.95-6.88 (m, 2H), 4.98 (quartet, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (quartet, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.68-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.18-4.12 (m, 1H), 3.65-3.55 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.30 (m, 4H), 3.28-3.20 (m, 3H), 2.95-2.70 (m, 5H), 2.78-2.60 (m, 5H), 2.58-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.65 (dd, J=10.6, 3.99 Hz, 1H), 1.25-1.22 (m, 4H); HRFAB(positive) m/e 592.3299 calculated for C33H42FN5O4 (M+H)+, Found 592.3354.
  • {1-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-carbamic acid methyl ester: 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.75-−7.6 (m, 3H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.50-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.42-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.00 (m, 2H), 6.90-6.82 (m, 2H), 5.55 (t, J=8.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.82-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.55 (m, 0.5H), 4.15 (d, J=13.0 Hz, 0.5H), 3.58 (s, 2H), 3.52 (m, 2H), 3.43-3.28 (m, 3H), 3.28-3.20 (m, 3H), 3.15 (2H), 2.98-2.72 (m, 4H), 2.72-2.58 (m, 4H), 2.58-2.42 (m, 1H), 2.32-2.20 (m, 0.5H), 2.12-2.00 (m, 0.5H), 1.60 (dd, J=13.0, 2.6 Hz, 0.5H); HRFAB(positive) m/e 565.2826 calculated for C31H37FN4O5 (M+H)+, Found 565.2806; Elemental Analysis: calculated for C31H37FN4O5. (1.23 TFA) (MW. 704.57): C, 57.01%; H, 5.47%; N, 7.95%. Found: C, 57.03%; H, 5.33%; N, 7.97%.
  • 2-{4-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionylamino)-propionyl]-3-methoxy methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionamide. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 8.08-7.95 (m, 3H), 7.88 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 7.70-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.52 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.21 (t, J=4.7 Hz, 2H_), 5.28-5.18 (m, 1H), 5.15-4.98 (m, 2H), 5.02 (s, 3H), 4.55 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 0.5H), 4.28 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 0.5H), 4.15-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.92-3.05 (m, 12.5H), 2.85-2.62 (m, 3H), 2.20 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 0.5H), 2.02-1.95 (m, 1H), 1.52-1.40 (m, 5H); HRFAB(positive) m/e 593.3139 calculated for C33H41FN4O5 (M+H)+, Found 593.3157; Elemental Analysis: calculated for C33H41FN4O5. (1.28 TFA) (MW. 738.51): C 57.83%, H 5.77%, N 7.59%, Found: C 57.83%, H 5.70%, N 7.77%.
  • {1-(4-Fluoro-benzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-carbamic acid ethyl ester. 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ): 7.72-7.64 (m, 3H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 7.36-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.26 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.02 (m, 2H), 6.90-6.72 (dt, J=9.8, 2.6 Hz, 2H), 6.33(s, 0.5H), 5.50-5.45 (m, 1H), 5.25 (s, 3H), 4.82-4.60 (m, 1.5H), 4.20-3.98 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.49 (m, 1H), 3.48-3.35 (m, 6H), 3.30-3.18 (m, 4H), 2.96-2.84 (m, 3H), 2.75-2.62 (m, 3.5H), 2.58-2.44 (m, 1H), 2.28-2.20 (m, 0.5H), 2.12-1.98 (m, 0.5H), 1.59 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 0.5H); HRFAB(positive) m/e 579.2982 calculated for C32H39FN4O5 (M+H)+, Found 579.2980; Elemental Analysis: calculated for C32H39FN4O5. (0.95 TFA) (MW. 686.61): C. 59.29%, H 5.86%, N 8.16%, Found: C 59.29%, H 5.98%, N 8.14%.
  • 2-{4-[2-(2-Amino-2-methyl-propionylamino)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.55-7.42 (m, 6H), 7.29 (m, 2H), 5.34 (t, 1H, J=7.6 Hz), 5.00-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.35-4.13 (m, 1H), 3.93-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.65 (m, 2H), 3.52, 3.50 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3OCH2, rotamers), 3.45-3.05 (m, 8H), 2.89, 2.85 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.68-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.79, 1.74, 1.69 (3 singlets, 6H, NH2C(CH3)2C(O), rotamers); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.2, 173.0, 172.5, 171.9, 171.3, 165.5, 162.4, 162.2, 161.9, 137.8, 137.0, 134.3, 134.1, 134.0, 133.0, 132.9, 132.8, 132.4, 130.1, 129.9, 119.9, 117.0, 116.8, 116.5, 72.7, 72.1, 70.0, 59.8, 59.7, 58.5, 54.4, 52.6, 52.4, 52.0, 50.8, 43.4, 39.8, 39.2, 38.0, 35.1, 35.0, 26.4, 24.6, 24.3; MS m/z (ESI): 576 (M+H, 100), 578 (M+2+H, 37).
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.55-7.43 (m, 6H), 7.29 (m, 2H), 5.39 (t, 1H, J=7.7 Hz), 5.06-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.48 (t, 1H, J=7.2 Hz), 4.40-4.22 (m, 1H), 3.94-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.67 (m, 2H), 3.54, 3.51 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3OCH2, rotamers), 3.49 (m, 2H), 3.24 (m, 6H), 2.90, 2.86 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.73-2.56 (m, 2H), 2.27-2.01 (m, 4H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.5, 171.8, 171.7, 169.4, 169.1, 164.4, 162.8, 162.0, 137.9, 137.0, 134.0, 133.7, 132.7, 132.6, 132.2, 132.1, 129.8, 129.6, 116.7, 116.5, 116.4, 116.3, 72.3, 71.7, 70.7, 61.1, 59.6, 59.5, 54.4, 52.1, 52.0, 51.9, 51.8, 50.5, 50.0, 47.5, 43.3, 39.6, 39.3, 38.2, 34.8, 31.4, 31.3, 26.2, 26.1 25.1, 25.0; MS m/z (ESI): 588 (M+H, 100), 590(M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.41-7.26 (m, 6H), 7.17 (m, 2H), 5.18 (t, 1H, J=7.8 Hz), 4.83-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.18-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.72 (m, 1H), 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.36, 3.35 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3OCH2, rotamers), 3.24-2.89 (m, 8H), 2.75, 2.72 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.45-1.95 (m, 1H), 1.74-1.43 (m, 4H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.0, 172.4, 172.2, 171.6, 171.0, 170.5, 165.5, 162.4, 162.2, 138.3, 137.4, 134.2, 132.9, 132.8, 132.7, 132.4, 130.0, 129.9, 117.1, 116.8, 116.5, 72.4, 71.7, 71.0, 59.8, 59.7, 54.7, 52.5, 52.4, 52.0, 50.6, 43.6, 40.1, 39.1, 37.9, 36.7, 35.1, 26.4, 13.9, 13.8; MS m/z (ESI): 574 (M+H, 100), 576 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.46-7.31 (m, 6H), 7.19 (dd, 2H, J=15.6, 7.0 Hz), 5.26 (m, 1H), 4.86-4.42 (m, 1H), 4.18-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.73 (m, 2H), 3.41, 3.40 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3OCH2, rotamers), 3.21-3.07 (m, 8H), 2.87 (m, 1H), 2.84, 2.83 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.80, 2.78 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(CH2—CH2)C(O), rotamers), 2.43-1.97 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.61 (m, 4H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.9, 172.3, 172.1, 171.4, 169.8, 165.5, 162.2, 138.3, 137.4, 134.2, 133.0, 132.9, 132.7, 132.4, 130.0, 129.9, 117.0, 116.8, 116.5, 113.6, 72.5, 71.8, 71.0, 59.7, 54.7, 52.4, 52.0, 50.7, 44.1, 43.6, 40.1, 39.1, 37.9, 35.1, 33.2, 26.4, 13.7; MS m/z (ESI): 588 (M+H, 100), 590 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-methyl-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.32-7.08 (m, 8H), 4.65 (m, 1H), 4.27 (m, 1H), 3.57 (m, 2H), 3.26 (s, 3H), 3.25-2.84 (m, 8H), 2.69, 2.68 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(O), rotamers), 2.64 (s, 3H), 2.44 (m, 1H), 2.09 (m, 1H), 1.31 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.0, 169.0, 165.9, 162.7, 139.0, 138.1, 133.6, 133.5, 133.4, 132.3, 131.4, 129.9, 129.7, 117.6, 117.3, 117.1, 71.8, 71.6, 70.9, 60.4, 59.6, 59.4, 55.5, 52.4, 50.7, 43.6, 40.0, 38.3, 37.1, 35.3, 33.1, 32.7, 26.3; MS m/z (ESI): 505 (M+H, 100), 507 (M+2+H, 37.
  • 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N-(2-fluoro-ethyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-propionyl]-3-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.40-7.17 (m, 8H), 4.75 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.29 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.26 (m, 8H), 3.38, 3.35 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3OCH2, rotamers), 3.07-2.92 (m, 4H), 2.77, 2.72 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(4-F-Bn)C(O), rotamers), 2.57 (m, 1H), 2.22 (m, 1H), 1.48 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 172.8, 168.8, 139.0, 133.6, 133.4, 133.3, 132.3, 131.3, 129.8117.6, 117.3, 84.6, 82.4, 71.7, 70.9, 60.5, 59.4, 55.5, 51.8, 43.7, 41.2, 41.0, 40.1, 38.2, 34.7, 33.1; MS m/z (ESI): 537 (M+H, 100), 539 (M+2+H, 37).
  • 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-propionyl]-3-methoxy-methyl-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-propionamide: 1H NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 7.42-7.03 (m, 8H), 4.75 (m, 1H), 4.19 (m, 1H), 4.83 (m, 2H), 3.54 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.16 (m, 2H), 3.22, 3.21 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3OCH2, rotamers), 3.10 (m, 1H), 3.93-2.76 (m, 5H), 2.61, 2.58 (2 singlets, 3H, CH3NHC(4-F-Bn)C(O), rotamers), 2.38 (m, 1H), 2.11 (m, 1H), 1.30 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CD3OD, with rotamers) □ 173.5, 168.8, 165.9, 162.7, 138.9, 138.7, 133.6, 133.5, 133.4, 132.3, 131.4, 129.8, 128.0, 124.3, 117.6, 117.3, 117.0, 113.3, 71.6, 71.0, 70.8, 60.4, 59.5, 59.4, 55.4, 52.6, 51.4, 51.2, 43.9, 41.5, 41.0, 40.1, 38.2, 35.1, 34.1, 33.1; MS m/z (ESI): 573 (M+H, 100), 575 (M+2+H, 37).
    • Formulations
  • The present invention also relates to compositions or formulations which comprise the melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention. In general, the compositions of the present invention comprise:
      • a) an effective amount of one or more melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention; and
      • b) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • The compositions of this invention are typically provided in unit dosage form. For the purposes of the present invention the term “unit dosage form” is defined herein as comprising an effective amount of one or more melanocortin receptor ligands. The compositions of the present invention contain in one embodiment from about 1 mg to about 750 mg of one or more melanocortin receptor ligands, while in other embodiments the compositions comprise from about 3 mg to about 500 mg, or from about 5 mg to about 300 mg respectively.
  • For the purposes of the present invention the term “excipient” and “carrier” are used interchangeably throughout the description of the present invention and said terms are defined herein as, “ingredients which are used in the practice of formulating a safe and effective pharmaceutical composition.”
  • The formulator will understand that excipients are used primarily to serve in delivering a safe, stable, and functional pharmaceutical, serving not only as part of the overall vehicle for delivery but also as a means for achieving effective absorption by the recipient of the active ingredient. An excipient may fill a role as simple and direct as being an inert filler, or an excipient as used herein may be part of a pH stabilizing system or coating to insure delivery of the ingredients safely to the stomach. The formulator can also take advantage of the fact the compounds of the present invention have improved cellular potency, pharmacokinetic properties, as well as improved oral bioavailability.
  • Non-limiting examples of substances which can serve as pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients or components thereof are sugars, inter alia, lactose, glucose and sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol; starches, inter alia, corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives, inter alia, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and methyl cellulose; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatin; talc; solid lubricants, such as stearic acid and magnesium stearate; vegetable oils, propylene glycol, glycerin, and polyethylene glycol; agar; alginic acid; wetting agents and lubricants, inter alia, sodium lauryl sulfate; coloring agents; flavoring agents; tableting agents, stabilizers; antioxidants; preservatives; pyrogen-free water; isotonic saline; and buffers.
  • Standard pharmaceutical formulation techniques are disclosed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., latest edition and Peptide and Protein Drug Delivery, Marcel Dekker, NY, 1991. Dosage forms useful for making the compositions of the present invention or which are compatible with the methods of use as described herein below are described in the following references, all incorporated by reference herein: Modern Pharmaceutics, Chapters 9 and 10 (Banker & Rhodes, editors, 1979); Lieberman et al., Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets (1981); and Ansel, Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms 2d Edition (1976); Standard-Release Injectable Products, ed. J. Senior and M. Radomsk, Interpharm Press; Denver, Co. (2000)
  • The present invention further relates to forms of the present compounds, which under normal human or higher mammalian physiological conditions, release the compounds described herein. One iteration of this aspect includes the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the analogs described herein. The formulator, for the purposes of compatibility with delivery mode, excipients, and the like, can select one salt form of the present analogs over another since the compounds themselves are the active species which mitigate the disease processes described herein.
  • Related to this aspect are the various precursor or “pro-drug” forms of the analogs of the present invention. It may be desirable to formulate the compounds of the present invention as a chemical species which itself is not a melanocortin receptor ligand as described herein, but instead are forms of the present analogs which when delivered to the body of a human or higher mammal will undergo a chemical reaction catalyzed by the normal function of the body, inter alia, enzymes present in the stomach, blood serum, said chemical reaction releasing the parent analog. Or alternatively, said “pro-drug” form may cross the blood/brain barrier before undergoing a change which releases the melanocortin receptor ligand in its active form. The term “pro-drug” relates to these species which are converted in vivo to the active pharmaceutical.
    • Method of Use
  • The present invention also relates to a method for controlling one or more melanocortin receptor, MC-3 or MC-4, mediated or melanocortin receptor modulated mammalian diseases or conditions, said method comprising the step of administering to a human or higher mammal an effective amount of a composition comprising one or more of the melanocortin receptor ligands according to the present invention.
  • Because the melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention can be delivered in a manner wherein more than one site of control can be achieved, more than one disease state can be modulated at the same time. Non-limiting examples of diseases which are affected by an antagonist or agonist which stimulates the MC-3 or MC-4 receptor, obesity and other body weight disorders, inter alia, anorexia and cachexia. Utilizing the melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention will therefore affect a variety of diseases, disease states, conditions, or syndromes resulting from body weight disorders, inter alia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, Type-2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, elevated blood pressure, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cancer (e.g., endometrial, cervical, ovarian, breast, prostate, gallbladder, colon), menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, infertility, gallbladder disease, restrictive lung disease, sleep apnea, gout, osteoarthritis, and thromboembolic disease.
  • MC-3 and MC-4 receptor ligands are also effective in treating disorders relating to behavior, memory (including learning), cardiovascular function, inflammation, sepsis, cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock, sexual dysfunction, penile erection, muscle atrophy, nerve growth and repair, intrauterine fetal growth, and the like.
  • Although the melanocortin receptor ligands of the present invention are discrete chemical entities, the method of delivery or the method of use may be coupled with other suitable drug delivery systems. For example, a drug delivery technique useful for the compounds of the present invention is the conjugation of the compound to an active molecule capable of being transported through a biological barrier (see e.g. Zlokovic, B. V., Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 12, pp. 1395-1406 (1995)). A specific example constitutes the coupling of the compound of the invention to fragments of insulin to achieve transport across the blood brain barrier (Fukuta, M., et al. Pharmaceutical Res., Vol. 11, pp. 1681-1688 (1994)). For general reviews of technologies for drug delivery suitable for the compounds of the invention see Zlokovic, B. V., Pharmaceutical Res., Vol. 12, pp. 1395-1406 (1995) and Pardridge, W M, Pharmacol. Toxicol., Vol. 71, pp. 3-10 (1992).
    • Procedures
  • Functional activity (in vitro pre-screening) can be evaluated using various methods known in the art. For example, measurement of the second messenger, cAMP, as described in citation (iv) above, evaluation by Cytosensor Microphysiometer techniques (Boyfield et al. 1996), or by using the compounds of the invention alone, or in combination with natural or synthetic MSH-peptides.
  • The compounds of the present invention will interact preferentially (i.e., selectively) to MC-4 and/or MC-3, relative to the other melanocortin receptors. Selectivity is particularly important when the compounds are administered to humans or other animals, to minimize the number of side effects associated with their administration. MC-3/MC-4 selectivity of a compound is defined herein as the ratio of the EC50 of the compound for an MC-1 receptor (“EC50-MC-1”) over the EC50 of the compound for the MC-3 (EC50-MC-3)/MC-4 (EC50-MC-4) receptor, the EC50 values being measured as described above. The formulas are as follows:
    MC-3 selectivity=[EC 50-MC-1]/[EC 50-MC-3]
    MC-4 selectivity=[EC 50-MC-1]/[EC 50-MC-4]
  • For the purposes of the present invention a receptor ligand (analog) is defined herein as being “selective for the MC-3 receptor” when the above-mentioned ratio “MC-3-selectivity” is at least about 10. In other treatments, methods, or compositions this value is at least about 100, while for yet other embodiments of the present invention the selectivity is at least about 500.
  • A compound is defined herein as being “selective for the MC-4 receptor” when the above-mentioned ratio “MC-3-selectivity” is at least about 10. In other treatments, methods, or compositions this value is at least about 100, while for yet other embodiments of the present invention the selectivity is at least about 500.

Claims (14)

1. A compound having the formula:
Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00149
wherein Q is selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidin-2-yl, 4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl, 1-aminocycloprop-1-yl, azetidin-2-yl, piperidin-2-yl, piperidin-4-yl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-4-yl, thiophen-2-yl, furan-2-yl, pyran-4-yl, isoquinolin-1-yl, tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl, tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl, and isoquinolin-3-yl;
R is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-chlorophenyl;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, and ethoxymethyl;
R7a is selected from the group consisting of
i) hydrogen;
ii) —CO2H;
iii) —CO2CH3;
iv) —CONH2;
v) —CONHCH3;
vi) —CON(CH3)2;
vii) —CONH(CH2CH2F);
viii) —CONCH(CH3)2;
ix) —CONH(C3H5);
x) —CONHCH2(C3H5);
R8 is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3-chlorophenyl)methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (2-fluorophenyl)-methyl, (3-fluorophenyl)methyl, (4-fluorophenyl)methyl, and naphthalen-2-ylmethyl.
2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R is 4-fluorophenyl.
3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein Q is selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidin-2-yl, 4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl, 1-aminocycloprop-1-yl, azetidin-2-yl, piperidin-2-yl, piperidin-4-yl, isoquinolin-1-yl, isoquinolin-3-yl, tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl, tetrahydroiso-quinolin-3-yl.
4. A compound according to claim 3 wherein Q is pyrrolidin-2-yl, 4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl, or piperidin-2-yl.
5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R1 is methyl, ethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl.
6. A compound according to claim 5 wherein R1 is ethyl or methoxymethyl.
7. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R7a is —CONH2; —CONHCH3; —CONH(C3H5); —CONH(CH2CH2F); or —CO2CH3.
8. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R8 is benzyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, or naphthalen-2-ylmethyl
9. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-[2-cyclopropyl-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[1-methylcarbamoyl-2S-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[1-allylcarbamoyl-2S-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2S-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2S-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-ethylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1 S-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[4-(1-allylcarbamoyl-2S-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[4S-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-1-phenylcarbamoyl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-isopropoxy-phenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
[2-{4-[2S-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester;
[2-{4-[2S-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-carbamic acid methyl ester;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[4-(1-ethylcarbamoyl-2S-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-3-oxo-2S-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-1R-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-[2-methyl-4-(1-methylcarbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide; and
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-fluoroethylcarbamoyl)-ethyl]-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide.
10. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide; and
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide.
11. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-propyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-[2-methoxymethyl-4-(1-methyl carbamoyl-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide;
1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazine-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid[2-{4-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
1-Amino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
1-Methylamino-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [2-{4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-carbamoyl-ethyl]-2-methoxymethyl-piperazin-1-yl}-1-(4-fluoro-benzyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-amide;
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide; and
Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid {1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-{4-[2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-ethyl)-3-oxo-2-cyclopropylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-ethyl}-amide.
12. A compound having the stereochemical formula:
Figure US20060247224A1-20061102-C00150
wherein Q is selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidin-2-yl, 4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl, 1-aminocycloprop-1-yl, azetidin-2-yl, piperidin-2-yl, piperidin-4-yl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-4-yl, thiophen-2-yl, furan-2-yl, pyran-4-yl, isoquinolin-1-yl, tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl, tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl, and isoquinolin-3-yl;
R is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-chlorophenyl;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, and ethoxymethyl;
R7a is selected from the group consisting of
i) hydrogen;
ii) —CO2H;
iii) —CO2CH3;
iv) —CONH2;
v) —CONHCH3;
vi) —CON(CH3)2;
vii) —CONH(CH2CH2F);
viii) —CONCH(CH3)2;
ix) —CONH(C3H5);
x) —CONHCH2(C3H5);
R8 is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, (2-chlorophenyl)methyl, (3-chlorophenyl)methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)methyl, (2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl, (2-fluorophenyl)-methyl, (3-fluorophenyl)methyl, (4-fluorophenyl)methyl, and naphthalen-2-ylmethyl.
13. A composition comprising:
A) an effective amount of one or more compounds according to claim 1; and
B) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
14. A method for controlling obesity in humans and higher mammals, said method comprising the step of administering to a human or higher mammal a compound according to claim 1.
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