US20060242271A1 - System and method for accessing devices with a console server - Google Patents
System and method for accessing devices with a console server Download PDFInfo
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- US20060242271A1 US20060242271A1 US11/179,338 US17933805A US2006242271A1 US 20060242271 A1 US20060242271 A1 US 20060242271A1 US 17933805 A US17933805 A US 17933805A US 2006242271 A1 US2006242271 A1 US 2006242271A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
- H04L41/0213—Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/084—Configuration by using pre-existing information, e.g. using templates or copying from other elements
- H04L41/0843—Configuration by using pre-existing information, e.g. using templates or copying from other elements based on generic templates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0876—Aspects of the degree of configuration automation
- H04L41/0879—Manual configuration through operator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0876—Aspects of the degree of configuration automation
- H04L41/0883—Semiautomatic configuration, e.g. proposals from system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0889—Techniques to speed-up the configuration process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/22—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks comprising specially adapted graphical user interfaces [GUI]
Definitions
- This patent document pertains generally to console servers, and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to control of devices by a console server.
- Out-of-band access means access that is not linked to the network stack; it provides access outside the network link for control and configuration of data equipment.
- Console ports are serial ports; each console port typically is handled by the core of the operating system within the piece of data equipment, and not by any subordinate instance. The console port is often, therefore, the most reliable path to communicate with the kernel.
- console port is the only mechanism that can be used for initial configuration and emergency management.
- Console servers connect to console ports in order to provide “out-of-band” access to data equipment.
- a console server typically includes a network connection and one or more serial ports.
- Devices such as servers, routers, switches, private branch exchanges (PBX), firewalls, and other such network devices can be controlled by the console server through the console server's serial ports.
- PBX private branch exchanges
- Console servers are controlled in turn via the network connection. They typically can be accessed and maintained from anywhere on the network, providing great flexibility in data center monitoring and management. Software on the console server can, for instance, monitor the console output of each piece of data equipment and notify the administrator regarding critical situations or can log user interaction or messages from the console port and document them for audit logs.
- console management application like a data center, most of the devices connected are in a close proximity. Many companies, however, have devices scattered throughout their facilities in closets or in remote sites. Such devices would benefit from console server management. What is needed is a system and method for controlling data equipment remote from a console server.
- a system and method for accessing a plurality of devices with a console server.
- a port of an intermediate device is communicatively coupled to the console port of one of the devices.
- a port of the console server is communicatively coupled to the console port of another one of the devices.
- a network connection of the console server is communicatively coupled to the network connection of the intermediate device.
- Device management processes on the connected devices are accessed via the console server and information regarding the connected devices is displayed on the console server user interface.
- a system and method for accessing a plurality of devices with a console server.
- the plurality of devices include a first device having a console port and a second device having a network connection.
- a port of a console server is communicatively coupled to a first device.
- a network connection of the console server is communicatively coupled to the network connection of the second device across a network.
- Device management processes on the connected first and second devices are accessed via the console server and information regarding the connected first and second devices is displayed on the console server user interface.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a console server
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are a schematic illustration of a system of data equipment controlled by a console server
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart that illustrates a method of configuring a remote port
- FIGS. 5-18 are various screen shots in one embodiment of console server
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart that illustrates a method that includes determining information about a device from a port log
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart that illustrates a method that includes sending a probing character or sequence associated with an operating system and determining information about the operating system from the response;
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart that illustrates a method that includes sending a probing character and analyzing a response
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart that illustrates a method that includes recognizing connection of a device to a second port and copying first port settings to the second port;
- FIG. 23 is a schematic illustration of a plurality of console servers connected through a network.
- Console server 100 includes a processor circuit 110 , a memory circuit 120 , a network connection 130 and ports 140 and 150 .
- ports 140 and 150 are serial ports. Examples of serial ports include RS232, RS 422 and RS 485 connections.
- port 150 is a remote serial (or virtual serial) port accessed through network connection 130 .
- console server 100 communicates over a network through a virtual serial port to a piece of data equipment as if the piece of data equipment was connected to a port 140 .
- each port 140 and 150 includes an on/off switch that allows automatic device detection or recognition to be turned on and off. Automatic device detection or recognition is described in “Recognition of Devices Connected to a Console Server,” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/112146, the description of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- ports 140 and 150 also include an on/off switch that allows automatic updating of the port name to be turned on and off.
- network connection 130 is an Ethernet port. In another example embodiment, network connection 130 is a connection to another type of network, such as a wireless network connection or a modem. In one example embodiment, console server 100 includes a PCMCIA card slot into which a network device is inserted.
- network connection 130 couples console server 100 to a TCP/IP network, to the internet, or to a dial-up modem connection.
- communications with console server 100 are encrypted to provide secure access to console server 100 and to each of its connected devices.
- network connection 130 is connected to the processor circuit 110 .
- Network administrators can access ports 140 and 150 through processor circuit 110 by connecting through network connection 130 .
- a server connected to port 140 is accessible by a computer that is coupled to network connection 130 .
- processor circuit 110 includes an integrated circuit on a chip.
- memory circuit 120 includes a RAM chip.
- memory circuit 120 includes a flash memory chip or a flash memory card.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a system 190 in which a console server 220 is connected to data devices via ports 225 - 229 .
- a terminal 200 controls the data devices through a console management program executing within console server 220 .
- terminal 200 is a thin client.
- a personal computer such as a WINDOWS or Linux machine, or a workstation could be used as well.
- network 210 includes a TCP/IP network.
- a wireless network, internet connection, or a dial-up connection could be used as well.
- ports 225 , 226 , 227 , 228 , and 229 connect devices such as servers or network gear to console server 220 .
- port 226 is connected to a Linux server 240 .
- Port 227 is connected to a router and firewall 250 .
- Port 228 is connected to a DNS server 260 .
- Port 229 is connected to a private branch exchange (PBX).
- PBX private branch exchange
- Console server 220 provides centralized management and configuration of data equipment such as routers, switches and servers from anywhere on network 210 , over the internet, or through dial-up modem connections, even if the device to be configured is unavailable through network 210 .
- Such an approach eliminates the need for system administrators to travel to remote data centers, since instead of connecting directly to the router or server with a laptop or terminal, system administrators now connect to console server 220 via telnet or Secure Shell (SSH).
- SSH Secure Shell
- console server 220 supports remote ports. Remote ports are ports that can be accessed by console server 220 through another device. PortServer® Terminal Servers from Digi International, for example, provide serial ports which can be accessed across a network using telnet or SSH protocol.
- console server 220 is connected via a remote port 225 to a WINDOWSTM server 280 via terminal server 230 .
- terminal server 230 is a PortServer® Terminal Server from Digi International.
- console server 220 Remote ports allow system administrators to use console server 220 as a central access system for any kind of text based out-of-band management. Even devices located in other locations within a facility or in remote sites can now be managed by a single console server 220 .
- the device/terminal server acts as a proxy to connect the new remote console port to console server 220 .
- console server features adds console server features to the remote devices, including central authentication and logging, increases scalability and provides for cost-effective expansion and centralized management and failure detection.
- console server 220 is connected over its serial ports to modem 290 , to Sun Netra servers 240 . 1 , 240 . 2 and 240 . 3 , to Cisco router 250 . 1 and to PBX 270 . 1 .
- console server 220 uses its remote ports to connect across networks 210 . 3 and 210 . 4 to terminal server 230 , and through terminal server 230 to router 250 . 2 and PBX 270 . 2 .
- a local network administrator configures Sun Netra servers 240 . 1 , 240 . 2 and 240 . 3 , Cisco router 250 . 1 , PBX 270 . 1 and 270 . 2 and router 250 . 2 by accessing console server 220 over network 210 . 1 using workstation 200 . 1 .
- a remote administrator can configure Sun Netra servers 240 . 1 , 240 . 2 and 240 . 3 , Cisco router 250 . 1 , PBX 270 . 1 and 270 . 2 and router 250 . 2 by accessing console server 220 over network 210 . 2 through modem 290 using computer 200 . 2 .
- a remote port is set up as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the user accesses the console server user interface.
- Control then moves to 320 , where the user selects “Configuration”.
- console server 220 displays a configuration screen such as is shown in FIG. 5 .
- Control then moves to 330 , where the user enters a remote device title under the section marked “Remote Port” and selects “Add”.
- Control then moves to 440 , where the user enters device configuration information (see FIG. 6 ).
- Control then moves to 450 , where the configuration information is applied to the device connected to the remote port.
- the information that can be modified includes whether or not the remote port is enabled, the port title, the port settings, the host mode configuration, the remote port parameters, how and whether to perform port logging, port IP filtering, authentication method, user access control, alert configuration and power control configuration (if applicable).
- Host mode configuration is shown in FIG. 7 .
- host mode configuration includes host mode selection, selection of the type of console server, communications protocol and other parameters as shown.
- Some example ports include a variety of host mode settings.
- An Activate MICROSOFT WINDOWS SERVER 2003 Web-UI setting or an Activate Rackable System Management Board Web-UI setting allows a user interface to be launched.
- An IP Address Per Port setting controls the number and type of IP addresses assignable to the port.
- a Protocol setting sets protocols such as telnet, secure shell (ssh), or raw.
- a Port Escape Sequence ( ⁇ z) setting allows definition of a character sequence to reach an escape menu.
- a Port Break Sequence setting allows definition of the sequence to send a serial break signal.
- An Inactivity Timeout setting provides for disconnection after an amount of time, which is optionally specifiable.
- Remote port parameter selection is shown in FIG. 8 .
- the user can enter an IP Address for the remote port, and select a port and communications protocol.
- the IP address may be for the intermediate device (such as terminal server 230 ) or for the device being controlled itself.
- the protocols that can be selected include Telnet, Secure Shell (SSH) and RawTCP.
- console server 220 includes the ability to set serial settings for each remote port.
- Serial settings include, for example, data transfer rate, data bits, parity, stop bits, flow control, and DTR (data terminal ready) behavior.
- Port logging selection is shown in FIG. 9 .
- the user can enable port logging and select whether to log server output, user input, or both (with or without arrows).
- the user can select the port log storage location (e.g., memory or CF card) and whether to store the port log to the SYSLOG server.
- Other parameters can be selected as shown.
- Other settings include port-log size, port-log filename, timestamp (e.g. whether every message is time stamped), and Strip ⁇ M (to strip ⁇ M commands) settings.
- Port IP filtering is shown in FIG. 10 .
- the user can select an allowed base host IP address and a subnet mask as shown.
- Authentication is shown in FIG. 11 .
- the user can select an authentication method to be used to restrict access to the device attached to the remote port.
- authentication may be based on local authentication, or through authentication based on a RADIUS server, a TACACS+ server, an LDAP server, a Kerberos server, custom PAM, or any combination thereof.
- User access control is shown in FIG. 12 .
- access can be limited based on user identifier.
- user access can be determined by pointing to an access list as well.
- user access is configurable according to operating system, so that particular users have access only to devices having specified operating systems.
- user access is configurable by device.
- Other examples include Read only, Read-write, and Power control settings.
- Alert configuration for devices connected to the remote port can be set as shown in FIG. 13 .
- the user can set up an email alert configuration and an SMNP trap configuration.
- the Email Notification setting determines, for example, the title and recipient of an alert.
- a device from a particular source e.g. CISCO
- an alert message is sent to appropriate recipients associated with the source (e.g. CISCO operators.)
- An SNMP (simple network management protocol) trap setting determines the recipient of SNMP traps
- console server 220 can control the power to the device using the configuration setup shown in FIG. 14 .
- console server can control a power controller attached to devices connected to its local ports as shown in FIG. 16 .
- System status and logging can be displayed for console server 220 as shown in FIG. 17 .
- System statistics can be displayed as well.
- FIG. 18 displays one example of monitoring serial ports for console server 220 .
- the network interfaces and various types of network traffic can be monitored as shown there as well.
- a device connected to a console server is recognized using information obtained through a port to which the device is connected.
- the console server “passively” examines a connected device by examining information in a port log.
- information such as the name of the device or the operating system running on the device is determined from information in a port log.
- the console server “actively” examines a connected device by sending a probing character or string and examining a response.
- FIG. 20 A flowchart illustrating a method that includes sending a probing character or sequence associated with an operating system is provided in FIG. 20 .
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart that illustrates a method in which a profile is identified using a response to a probing character or sequence.
- a console server port is dynamically reconfigurable using information obtained from a port log, or from a response to a probing character or string.
- Port settings optionally specified by a profile, are applied to the port based upon information that is determined about the port.
- FIG. 22 where a device previously connected to a first port is recognized at a second port, at least one port setting from the first port is applied to a second port.
- automated recognition of devices and/or configuration of ports speed up the initial configuration of a console server and/or reduces administrative overhead associated with managing the console server.
- a port log information received through a port on a console server 220 from a device that is communicatively coupled to the port is recorded in a port log.
- the device is physically connected to the port, for example with a serial cable.
- the device is connected to the port through a network connection, such as a LAN network, the internet, and/or a wireless network.
- a boot sequence is recorded in the port log.
- information, such as the boot sequence is read from the port log.
- information from the port log is processed to determine information about the device, such as the assigned name (hostname) of the device, and an operating system (e.g.
- WINDOWS CISCO EOS, SUN Solaris, LINUX
- the type of device e.g. SUN
- the location of the device is determined from the port log.
- a script is run that determines the name of the device and the operating system.
- the script determines not only the operating system, but also the version number of the operating system (e.g. WINDOWS Server 2003).
- the script is user-configurable.
- the script uses standard bash commands and writes output to one or more files.
- information about the device is used to identify port settings.
- a settings profile is identified.
- the profile is associated with the assigned name of the device and/or the operating system of the device.
- identified settings are applied to the port.
- the settings are specified by a profile.
- a port name is assigned to the port such as main-router.
- the assigned port name provides information about the device that is connected to the port, such as the assigned name of the device and the operating system that is running on the device.
- a user access setting is applied to the port. An example user access setting applied to a port allows only specified users access to a device.
- user access is controlled by device, device type, or operating system (e.g. only administrators are allowed access to devices having a certain operating system.)
- an alert setting controls a recipient list for alerts relating to the port.
- operators or administrators of a specific operating system are sent an alert relating to a device running the specific operating system.
- the port log is periodically examined to identify changes in the connected device or the operating system running on the connected device.
- the timing of the periodic examination of the port log is user-configurable.
- the port log is examined every five minutes.
- the console server waits an amount of time and examines the port log again to confirm the change and avoid erroneous setting change. If a change is confirmed, port settings and/or the port name are updated.
- the port log is examined when a device is connected or disconnected to the port.
- the ports of a console server are dynamically reconfigurable as the connection of devices to ports is changed. For example, if cables are mixed up after disconnecting and reconnecting devices, an example console server automatically updates port names and/or port settings.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic illustration of another example method 400 .
- a processor examines information received from device through a port to determine whether the information about the operating system is incomplete. For example, some operating systems, such as WINDOWS 2003, provide a limited response to a probing character or string, and a particular probing string causes the device to send more complete information that includes, for example, server name, revision level, and/or patch level. In another example, information in the port log about an operating system is incomplete, and a probing character or sequence is sent to obtain further information.
- the information about the operating system running on the device is incomplete, or alternatively if a particular operating system is running on the device and known to provide incomplete information (e.g.
- a probing character or probing sequence associated with the operating system is sent through the port to the device.
- a response to the probe character or sequence is received through the port.
- the response is analyzed to determine information about the operating system running on the device, such as a server name, operating system revision level and/or operating system patch level.
- one or more port settings associated with the information determined from the response is selected.
- the one or more settings are applied to the port.
- the port is also named to convey information about the operating system running on the device connected to the port.
- a console server optionally determines whether a port is in use.
- a probing character or probing sequence is sent through the port.
- a response to the probing character or probing sequence is received through the port.
- the response is analyzed to determine information about the device, such as the operating system and/or the assigned name (hostname) of the device connected to the port.
- a name is assigned to the port using information determined form the response.
- the name includes information about the device, such as the hostname and/or the operating system.
- a profile is selected using the information about the device determine from the response.
- a profile associated with the device name is selected.
- a profile associated with the operating system, a device type (e.g. SUN), or a device location is selected.
- the profile is selected based upon a combination of the device name, device type, operating system, device location, or other device characteristics.
- settings are applied. In an example, the settings are specified by the profile.
- information is propagated to a master console server.
- the console server waits a specified period of time (e.g. five minutes), and then returns to 510 or 520 , at which point a probing character is again sent through the port.
- a first set of data is acquired from a device connected to a first port on a console server.
- the first set of data is a boot sequence recorded in a port log.
- the first set of data is a response to a probing character or sequence.
- information about the device including, for example, the identity of the device, is determined from the first set of data acquired from the device.
- the identity of the device includes the device type (e.g. SUN), the assigned name (hostname) of the device, and/or the operating system that is running on the device.
- information about port settings applied to the first port is stored in a memory circuit.
- a new profile is generated for the device.
- the console server recognizes the device when it is reconnected to a different second port on the console server.
- the console passively recognizes the device by examining a port log for the second port.
- the console server actively recognizes the device by sending a probing character or sequence (probe string) and analyzing the response from the device connected to the port.
- information about the port settings applied to the first port is retrieved from the memory circuit.
- a new template created by the console server is retrieved from the memory circuit.
- at least one of port setting is applied to the second port.
- the at least one port setting applied to the second port is determined from the information about the port setting retrieved from the memory circuit. In an example, the at least one port setting applied to the second port is specified by a profile. In an example, the at least one port setting applied to the second port is the same as a port setting applied to the first port.
- FIG. 23 shows a system 700 that includes plurality of console servers 710 , 720 , 730 connected to a network 740 .
- information about port settings is transferred between or among console servers.
- a device is connected to a port 760 on a console 710 , and a profile is generated for the device. The profile is transmitted to a second console serve 720 . If the device is recognized at a port 770 on the second console server 720 , port settings are applied to the port 770 on the second console server 720 using a profile or other information about the port settings obtained from the first console server.
- a console server 730 is a master console server, and other console servers 710 , 720 are slave console servers.
- a profile or other information about port settings for a device is transferred from a first server 710 to the master console 730 , and is then transmitted to the other slave console server 720 .
- port settings are applied to the port to which the device is connected using the information about the port settings applied on the first console server.
- the port settings on the first console server 710 are set manually by a human administrator. Transferring the settings to other console servers allows a port to which the device is connected to be configured by the console server without further input from a human administrator.
- port settings associated with an operating system, a device model and/or device type are transferred between or among console servers. When another device of the same device model or type or running the same operating system is recognized, port settings are applied using information about the port settings applied on the first console server.
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US11/179,338 US20060242271A1 (en) | 2005-04-22 | 2005-07-11 | System and method for accessing devices with a console server |
EP06252164A EP1715621A3 (de) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-04-21 | System und Verfahren zum Zugriff auf Geräte mit einem Konsolenserver |
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US11/112,146 US20060242401A1 (en) | 2005-04-22 | 2005-04-22 | Recognition of devices connected to a console server |
US11/179,338 US20060242271A1 (en) | 2005-04-22 | 2005-07-11 | System and method for accessing devices with a console server |
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US11265310B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2022-03-01 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Isolating networks and credentials using on-demand port forwarding |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1715621A3 (de) | 2011-10-26 |
EP1715621A2 (de) | 2006-10-25 |
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