US20060213189A1 - Treatment of nox sorber regeneration gas - Google Patents

Treatment of nox sorber regeneration gas Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20060213189A1
US20060213189A1 US10/561,093 US56109304A US2006213189A1 US 20060213189 A1 US20060213189 A1 US 20060213189A1 US 56109304 A US56109304 A US 56109304A US 2006213189 A1 US2006213189 A1 US 2006213189A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
sorber
engine
agent
exhaust gas
engine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/561,093
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eive Tord Allansson
Anders Andreasson
Mats Lavenius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Matthey PLC
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED CO. reassignment JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALLANSSON, EIVE TORD RONNY, ANDREASSON, ANDERS KLAS, LAVENIUS, MATS
Publication of US20060213189A1 publication Critical patent/US20060213189A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9481—Catalyst preceded by an adsorption device without catalytic function for temporary storage of contaminants, e.g. during cold start
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0878—Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/2093—Periodically blowing a gas through the converter, e.g. in a direction opposite to exhaust gas flow or by reversing exhaust gas flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/71—Multi-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails

Definitions

  • This invention relates to treatment of NO x in engine exhaust gas, more particularly to the treatment of NO x sorber regeneration gas in the exhaust of a lean-burn reciprocating engine.
  • sorb terms based on the word ‘sorb’ will be used to denote ‘absorb’ or ‘adsorb’ or any occurrence of both such processes; and metal compounds effective to sorb NO x will be referred as ‘oxides’, with the understanding that this term includes other oxidic compounds such as hydroxides and carbonates effective as NO x sorbents and present in the conditions of exhaust gas treatment.
  • EP-B-0341832 (incorporated herein by reference) describes a process for combusting particulate matter in diesel exhaust gas, which method comprising oxidising nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide on a catalyst, filtering the particulate matter from the exhaust gas and combusting the filtered particulate matter in the nitrogen dioxide at up to 400° C.
  • a catalyst for oxidising nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide on a catalyst
  • filtering the particulate matter from the exhaust gas and combusting the filtered particulate matter in the nitrogen dioxide at up to 400° C.
  • Such a system is available from Johnson Matthey and is marketed as the CRT®.
  • a problem associated with NO x sorber regeneration is that it generates a pulse of enriched exhaust gas containing unburned hydrocarbon (HC) fuel as reductant and NO x . Unreacted HC and NO x are emitted from the tailpipe and can often be seen as a puff of smoke. Since typical NO x sorber regeneration strategies comprise regenerating for a second or so every few minutes, such emissions can contribute to failure of future emission standards for particulates, HC and NO x .
  • HC unburned hydrocarbon
  • a lean-burn reciprocating engine emitting exhaust gas containing NO x and having a treatment system comprising at least one NO x sorber for sorbing NO x when the exhaust gas is lean means for intermittently contacting the at least one NO x sorber with an agent effective to convert NO x to N 2 thereby to regenerate the at least one NO x sorber and means for feeding effluent of said contacting to the engine inlet.
  • the engine is preferably one equipped for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in normal or occasional modes of operation.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • an EGR system can be added to an engine not normally using EGR.
  • the system preferably includes at least two NO x sorbers arranged in parallel and means for selectively contacting fewer than all of them with the agent.
  • the flow rate of the gas in the NO x sorber(s) under regeneration is preferably limited further, to be less than in the remaining NOx sorber(s) and especially to be below the rate of recirculation in an existing EGR system.
  • Such system preferably includes an EGR pump, which determines the flow rate of the recycled effluent.
  • the agent may be a non-selective reductant such as hydrocarbon, CO or hydrogen, injected as such or as compound(s), for example engine fuel, convertible thereto in regeneration conditions over the NO x sorber or in a pre-injection step.
  • a non-selective reductant such as hydrocarbon, CO or hydrogen
  • injected as such or as compound(s) for example engine fuel, convertible thereto in regeneration conditions over the NO x sorber or in a pre-injection step.
  • Non-selective reductant is evidently used if provided by rich/neutral operation of a cylinder.
  • the agent may be a NO x -specific reactant, for example a nitrogen hydride such as ammonia or hydrazine, conveniently provided as a precursor such as an amide for example urea or ammonium carbamate, and possibly fed via a catalyst effective to generate the free hydride.
  • a nitrogen hydride such as ammonia or hydrazine
  • a precursor such as an amide for example urea or ammonium carbamate
  • the engine exhaust system may include: upstream of the NO x sorber(s), catalytic oxidation of HC and CO to steam and CO 2 and/or of NO to NO 2 ; and PM collection preferably downstream of that catalytic oxidation; and/or downstream of the NO x sorber(s): catalytic oxidation of residual HC and CO; collection of PM passing the NO x sorbers or passing an upstream filter as a result of too small particle size or release by filter flow reversal.
  • the engine may be designed and calibrated to emit raw exhaust gas containing enough NO x for the combustion, after oxidation of NO to NO 2 , of the whole carbonaceous fraction of said PM. Alternatively it may be designed and calibrated to emit, at least temporarily, raw exhaust gas containing too little NO x to complete said combustion, after oxidation of NO to NO 2 .
  • the PM collection means preferably comprises a catalyst effective to promote said combustion and possibly also an oxygen storage material. In each combustion procedure the temperature is at or above the ‘balance temperature’ for NO 2 or, additionally, for oxygen, continuously or at intervals when PM has accumulated to a design level. If PM collection uses a filter, provision may be made for intermittent reversal of flow direction therethrough.
  • the NO x sorbent is typically selected from:
  • catalytic materials such as precious metals, especially Pt+Rh, effective to promote reaction of NO x with reductant or NO x -specific reactant.
  • the sorbent(s) and catalyst(s) are suitably disposed on a flowthrough monolithic substrates composed of ceramic, wound corrugated metal, or metal foam or sinter or ordered or random-packed wire or flat wire.
  • Filters if used, may use substrates similar to those of sorbents and catalysts, but in ‘filter-grade’ permeable to gas and having limited permeability to PM.
  • the system suitably includes a 4-way valve.
  • a 4-way valve typically comprises: an outer cylindrical or frusto-conical casing formed with angularly spaced apertures each leading to external flow connections; and deflector means effective to: direct either of two incoming streams to a single outlet; or to direct a single incoming stream to either of two outlets; or to combine two incoming streams into a single stream.
  • the valve means comprises also actuator means operating through a seal.
  • the deflector is preferably operable over an arcuate path between two extreme positions at which selected gas flow is required.
  • the deflector may be a ‘butterfly’.
  • the valve casing may be formed with a wall-region of greater diameter corresponding to an intended traverse of the butterfly, and the change to the lesser diameter at the extremities of the traverse is formed as a step conformed to the profile of the butterfly and effective as a seal against gas leakage.
  • the traverse of the butterfly is typically 10 to 20% of the circumference of the casing. If the intermediate non-selective gas flow is required, this is provided by the actuator means.
  • the deflector means may be provided by a barrel fitting fluid-tightly within the casing and rotatable on an axis transverse to the main direction of fluid flow; formed along each of two or more radial planes of the barrel at least one fluid tight dividing member; and formed in each division at least one passage open at mutually angled positions about the circumference of the barrel, said positions corresponding to the apertures.
  • the barrel (if used) can be provided by uniting sheet material to define its outer shape and internal passages or by shaping solid material and forming the passages by boring thereinto, so that the residues between bores constitute the dividing members.
  • Each passage normally has an outlet angled to its inlet, for example perpendicularly in a 4-way valve with one inlet connection and two or three outlet connections. In a 4-way valve having two inlet connections and two outlet connections, each passage may have one inlet and two outlets.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an exhaust gas treatment system in which the valve is used to provide switching flow between two NO x sorbers;
  • FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing an exhaust gas treatment system in which also the valve in a variant is used to provide flow-reversal through a PM filter;
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3 C show enlarged plan views of a valve as used in FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
  • the inlet system comprises fuel feed 12 , air feed 14 and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) feed 16 , and exhaust gas passes out through manifold 18 to exhaust gas aftertreatment system 19 comprising reactor 20 containing oxidation catalyst 22 consisting of a ceramic honeycomb carrying a washcoat and Pt, followed by PM filter 24 .
  • Filter 24 consists of a filter-grade ceramic honeycomb the passages of which are alternatingly open and closed at the inlet end and, corresponding to the inlet open passages, alternatingly closed at the outlet end. It may carry a catalyst for soot oxidation, for example Pt or La/Cs/V 2 O 5.
  • the downstream end of reactor 20 is provided with outlets 26 leading respectively to NO x sorbers 30 A and 30 B, each of which holds a ceramic honeycomb unit carrying an alumina washcoat containing metallic Pt+Rh and barium oxide.
  • Sorbers 30 A,B may be provided in separate cans as shown or, to save space, may be in fluid-tight subdivisions of a single can.
  • Each sorber 30 A,B is equipped with an injector 32 A,B for hydrocarbon from the common-rail system of the engine (connection not shown), or of ammonia or precursor thereof.
  • Each outlet end of sorbers 30 A,B is connected to one of the two inlets of 4 -way valve 28 , whose outlets 34 to the EGR inlet 16 (via a pump, not shown) and 36 to atmosphere align with one or other of the outlets indicated by arrows.
  • Valve 28 is operable between three positions 28 X, 28 Y and 28 Z (Y and Z insets).
  • the exhaust gas comprising steam(H 2 O (g) ), dinitrogen (N 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), unburned hydrocarbon fuel (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM), at e.g. 300° C. contacts catalyst 22 over which NO is oxidised to NO 2 and some of the HC and CO are oxidised to steam and CO 2 . It then enters filter 24 on which most of the PM is collected and combusted by reaction with the NO 2 formed in catalyst 24 and possibly also with O 2 .
  • steam(H 2 O (g) ), dinitrogen (N 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), unburned hydrocarbon fuel (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM) at e.g. 300° C. contacts catalyst 22 over which NO is oxidised to NO 2 and some of the HC and CO are oxidised to
  • the PM-freed gas then undergoes treatment in one of the three modes: 28 X: sorbers 30 A and 30 B each sorb NO x from approximately half the total gas flowing; sorber outlet gas passes mainly to atmosphere or further treatment at 36 , partly to EGR at 34 at the flow rating of the EGR pump (not shown); 28 Y: sorber 30 A receives a fraction, corresponding to the EGR pump rating, of the total gas flowing and also HC or ammonia injected at 32 A.
  • valve 28 Operation of valve 28 is the same as in FIG. 1 , except that outlet 36 to atmosphere is replaced by connection 37 to vessel 38 holding filter 40 , the duty of which is to collect PM released from filter 25 .
  • PM is typically ash, in which event filter 40 may be disposable, such as a fibre or paper filter.
  • Another duty of filter 40 can be to collect any ultra-fine combustible PM not collected by filter 25 .
  • a characteristic of modern diesel engines is that engine out NO x and/or exhaust gas temperature can be too low for passive filter regeneration using NO 2 generated catalytically by oxidation of NO as described in EP-B-0341832.
  • One solution to this problem is to regenerate the filter actively by increasing the temperature in the exhaust system thereby to combust PM on the filter and maintain the back pressure across the filter within acceptable design tolerances.
  • Such active regeneration techniques are described in EP 0758713 (incorporated herein by reference), for example.
  • An advantage of the system disclosed in FIG. 2 to the practical application of the CRTO process is that flow reversal in the filter can be used to clear PM that is not readily combusted in NO 2 over a drive cycle.
  • the uncombusted PM can be collected on a second, disposable filter for removal at suitable intervals.
  • the arrangement has particular use to the retrofit market, providing a practical and economic alternative to installing expensive and fuel-costly active regeneration apparatus.
  • each external connection is numbered as in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the plan views shown in these figures relate to an essentially cylindrical valve casing 50 formed internally with circumferential regions 52 of greater diameter, defining the range of traverse of rectangular butterfly deflector 54 having pivoted operating shaft 56 extending out of the valve casing via a seal to an actuator (not shown).
  • the extremities of the range of traverse are defined by steps 58 between regions differing in diameter, such steps limiting gas leakage out of its intended path.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
US10/561,093 2003-06-18 2004-06-18 Treatment of nox sorber regeneration gas Abandoned US20060213189A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0314245.2A GB0314245D0 (en) 2003-06-18 2003-06-18 Engine exhaust gas treatment
GB0314245.2 2003-06-18
PCT/GB2004/002612 WO2004113693A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-06-18 TREATMENT OF NOx SORBER REGENERATION GAS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060213189A1 true US20060213189A1 (en) 2006-09-28

Family

ID=27636877

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/561,093 Abandoned US20060213189A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-06-18 Treatment of nox sorber regeneration gas

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20060213189A1 (https=)
EP (1) EP1633961A1 (https=)
JP (1) JP2006527814A (https=)
KR (1) KR20060038947A (https=)
CN (1) CN1806099A (https=)
GB (1) GB0314245D0 (https=)
MX (1) MXPA05013254A (https=)
WO (1) WO2004113693A1 (https=)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140353064A1 (en) * 2013-06-03 2014-12-04 Caterpillar Inc. Modular exhaust system
CN112221301A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-15 武汉钢铁有限公司 活性炭烟气净化系统及其方法
EP4080036A1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2022-10-26 Volvo Truck Corporation Internal combustion engine system
US12590554B2 (en) 2020-09-01 2026-03-31 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Catalytic converter for a motor vehicle, as well as a motor vehicle

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3699683A (en) * 1971-04-05 1972-10-24 Chemical Construction Corp Engine exhaust emission control system
US5409784A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-04-25 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Plasmatron-fuel cell system for generating electricity
US5910097A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-06-08 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine exhaust emission control system with adsorbers for nitrogen oxides
US6082100A (en) * 1997-10-29 2000-07-04 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method for operating a multicylinder internal combustion engine
US6170259B1 (en) * 1997-10-29 2001-01-09 Daimlerchrysler Ag Emission control system for an internal-combustion engine
US6560958B1 (en) * 1998-10-29 2003-05-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Emission abatement system
US20040237506A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2004-12-02 Osamu Yamada Method of controlling operation of internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4902487A (en) 1988-05-13 1990-02-20 Johnson Matthey, Inc. Treatment of diesel exhaust gases
WO2000021647A1 (en) * 1998-10-12 2000-04-20 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Process and apparatus for treating combustion exhaust gas

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3699683A (en) * 1971-04-05 1972-10-24 Chemical Construction Corp Engine exhaust emission control system
US5409784A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-04-25 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Plasmatron-fuel cell system for generating electricity
US5910097A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-06-08 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine exhaust emission control system with adsorbers for nitrogen oxides
US6082100A (en) * 1997-10-29 2000-07-04 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method for operating a multicylinder internal combustion engine
US6170259B1 (en) * 1997-10-29 2001-01-09 Daimlerchrysler Ag Emission control system for an internal-combustion engine
US6560958B1 (en) * 1998-10-29 2003-05-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Emission abatement system
US20040237506A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2004-12-02 Osamu Yamada Method of controlling operation of internal combustion engine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140353064A1 (en) * 2013-06-03 2014-12-04 Caterpillar Inc. Modular exhaust system
US9140155B2 (en) * 2013-06-03 2015-09-22 Caterpillar Inc. Modular exhaust system
US12590554B2 (en) 2020-09-01 2026-03-31 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Catalytic converter for a motor vehicle, as well as a motor vehicle
CN112221301A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-15 武汉钢铁有限公司 活性炭烟气净化系统及其方法
EP4080036A1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2022-10-26 Volvo Truck Corporation Internal combustion engine system
EP4080035A1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2022-10-26 Volvo Truck Corporation Internal combustion engine system
US11536227B2 (en) 2021-04-21 2022-12-27 Volvo Truck Corporation Internal combustion engine system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004113693A1 (en) 2004-12-29
JP2006527814A (ja) 2006-12-07
MXPA05013254A (es) 2006-03-09
KR20060038947A (ko) 2006-05-04
GB0314245D0 (en) 2003-07-23
EP1633961A1 (en) 2006-03-15
CN1806099A (zh) 2006-07-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6732507B1 (en) NOx aftertreatment system and method for internal combustion engines
US6820417B2 (en) Exhaust aftertreatment system and method for an internal combustion engine
US9587540B2 (en) Method and device for reactivating exhaust-gas purification systems of diesel engines with low-pressure EGR
US8006485B2 (en) Compression ignition engine and exhaust system therefor
EP1608854B1 (en) Exhaust-gas purification system for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in the lean exhaust gas of internal combustion engines and method of exhaust-gas purification
KR20050058523A (ko) 디젤 엔진 동력식 차량용 배출물 제어 시스템
WO2007123011A1 (ja) 排気ガス浄化方法及び排気ガス浄化システム
US20100115930A1 (en) Exhaust after treatment system
US8240139B2 (en) Method for purifying nitrogen oxide in exhaust gas and exhaust system operating the same
US20110047989A1 (en) Apparatus for after-treatment of exhaust from diesel engine
JP2007291980A (ja) 排気浄化装置
US20120294771A1 (en) Particulate filter for vehicle and exhaust system using the same
KR20170119843A (ko) 배기가스 재순환 장치
US20060213189A1 (en) Treatment of nox sorber regeneration gas
JP2006320854A (ja) 選択還元型触媒及びそれを用いたエンジンの排ガス浄化装置
JP5608962B2 (ja) 排気ガス浄化システム
KR101091633B1 (ko) 질소 산화물 저감 촉매 및 이를 이용한 배기 장치
JP2006266192A (ja) エンジンの排気ガス浄化装置
JP3876905B2 (ja) 排気ガス浄化システムの脱硫制御方法及び排気ガス浄化システム
KR100303978B1 (ko) 자동차의린번엔진용배기후처리시스템및그방법
US12253014B1 (en) Reduced internal combustion engine particulate matter emissions
US20100154392A1 (en) Adjusting nitrogen oxide ratios in exhaust gas
JP2009220033A (ja) 排気浄化触媒装置
HK1094018A (en) Treatment of nox sorber regeneration gas
US20080261801A1 (en) Methods of Regenerating a Nox Absorbent

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED CO., UNITED KINGDOM

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ALLANSSON, EIVE TORD RONNY;ANDREASSON, ANDERS KLAS;LAVENIUS, MATS;REEL/FRAME:017908/0658;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051213 TO 20060119

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION