US20060135306A1 - Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents
Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same Download PDFInfo
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- US20060135306A1 US20060135306A1 US11/300,484 US30048405A US2006135306A1 US 20060135306 A1 US20060135306 A1 US 20060135306A1 US 30048405 A US30048405 A US 30048405A US 2006135306 A1 US2006135306 A1 US 2006135306A1
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- block groups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
- F16G5/00—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section
- F16G5/16—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section consisting of several parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
- Y10T29/49771—Quantitative measuring or gauging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
- Y10T29/49771—Quantitative measuring or gauging
- Y10T29/49774—Quantitative measuring or gauging by vibratory or oscillatory movement
Definitions
- Apparatuses and methods consistent with the present invention relate to a belt for a continuously variable transmission which is wound across a primary pulley and a secondary pulley each composed of a pair of sheaves and, more specifically, to a belt for a continuously variable transmission whose noise is reduced by using V blocks having different thickness for the large number of V blocks that abut against the pulleys.
- a belt type continuously variable transmission (hereinafter abbreviated as CVT) is generally used for power transmission systems of cars and the like.
- Belts for the CVTs typically include V blocks that are continuously attached to an endless body.
- the endless body there is a push-type endless body that uses a ring composed of a plurality of laminated metal plates that transmits power by exerting a compression force on the V blocks, and a pull-type endless body that uses a chain in which link plates are linked alternately by pins and that transmits power by a tensile force acting on the chain.
- the present invention has been developed for the push-type endless body, it is also applicable to the pull-type endless body.
- Belts for CVTs generate an abutment sound when the V blocks (elements) abut against the pulleys.
- the sound becomes irritating to human ears at a peak frequency when the thicknesses of the V blocks are the same.
- belts have provided a lower noise by dispersing the peak frequency, described above, by randomly disposing a plurality of types of blocks having different thicknesses, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1994-21605 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-274492, for example.
- a randomly mixed belt can lower the frequency peak by dispersing the noise, its effect is not enough and a noise is still produced that irritates human ears.
- a belt 1 1 assembled by 400 blocks (elements) 3 having a thickness of only 1.5 mm generates noise having a very narrow peak on a bite-in order of the blocks to the pulley.
- a randomly mixed belt 1 2 in which the same number (200) of blocks (elements) having a thickness of 1.4 mm and blocks (elements) having a thickness of 1.5 mm are mixed and arranged at random, can lower the frequency peak by white noise centering on an order equivalent to 1.45 mm, which is the mean value between 1.4 mm and 1.5 mm as shown in FIG. 7 , noise is still generated that is irritating to human ears.
- a belt for continuously variable transmission in which a number of V blocks are attached to an endless body, wherein the V blocks include a plurality of types of blocks having different thickness.
- the V blocks which may constitute a large number, comprise a series attached to the endless body and are divided into a plurality of V block groups, in which combination ratios of the different types of V blocks are different.
- V blocks are attached to the endless body and include a plurality of types of V blocks having different thickness.
- the V blocks are divided into a plurality of V block groups in which a ratio of different types of V blocks is different.
- the V blocks attached to the endless body form a series composed of the plurality of V block groups.
- the different types of V blocks may be arranged at random in the V block group.
- the different types of V blocks may also be arranged with a specified and predetermined order in the V block groups.
- a number of each different type of the V blocks may be almost equal in the series of the V blocks.
- the V blocks comprise two types, including first V blocks and second V blocks whose thicknesses are different.
- the plurality of V block groups is composed of first and second V block groups respectively having a different ratio of the first V blocks to the second V blocks.
- the ratios of the first to second V blocks may be inversive in the first and second V block groups.
- the endless body may be a ring in which a plurality of metal sheets is laminated, for example.
- a method for manufacturing a belt for a CVT comprising forming a plurality of V block groups respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks and forming a series of V blocks by attaching a large number of the V blocks, comprising the plurality of V block groups, to an endless belt.
- the forming of the V block groups may include dividing the V blocks into the plurality of V block groups, respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks and specifying an arrangement of the V blocks.
- the operation of specifying the arrangement may comprise assembling a series of belts, including the V block groups, on a computer, and simulating a state in which the assembled belts are wound across pulleys to calculate noise levels of the individual belts, so as to analyze the calculated noise level of each belt to determine an optimum belt configuration.
- the method for manufacturing the belt for a CVT comprises dividing V blocks into a plurality of V block groups respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks, and specifying a large number of arrangements of the V blocks in the V block groups to assemble a series of belts for simulation on a computer.
- the belts are simulated in a state in which a large number of the belts are individually wound across pulleys to calculate noise levels on the computer, so as to calculate the noise level of each belt to determine an optimum belt configuration.
- the belts for a CVT of the present invention are composed of a plurality of V block groups having a different combination ratio of V blocks, they can disperse noise further when compared to the traditional randomly mixed belt and can reduce a rasping noise which is otherwise disturbing to human ears.
- the belt may be readily assembled by randomly arranging the V blocks in the V block groups.
- the noise may be reduced further by arranging the V blocks in the V block groups with a predetermined order that even further reduces the noise level.
- the belt may be readily assembled with fewer types of V blocks and its cost lowered by forming the V block groups with two types of V blocks having different thicknesses and by forming the series of belts using two V block groups.
- V blocks used may be equalized, thus improving efficiency in assembly and yield by equalizing the number of V blocks in the series or by inverting the ratios of the combinations of the V blocks in the two V block groups.
- the invention may be suitably applied to a belt whose endless body is a metal ring, such that the V blocks are attached successively to reduce noise.
- inventive belt manufacturing method enables an optimum arrangement of V blocks, causing less of a noise level, which can be analyzed through computer simulation, for example.
- FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a CVT belt to which the invention is applicable.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show a V block, wherein FIG. 2A is a front view and FIG. 2B is a side view thereof.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing for explaining a randomly mixed belt.
- FIG. 4 is a drawing for explaining a combination specified belt.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining a combination and arrangement specified belt.
- FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining noise levels when the same V blocks are used.
- FIG. 7 is a drawing for explaining noise levels of the randomly mixed belt.
- FIG. 8 is a drawing for explaining noise levels of the combination specified belt.
- FIG. 9 is a chart showing a frequency of appearance during simulation of the original belt and the combination specified belt.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a chart showing results obtained by measuring respective belts.
- FIG. 12 is a table showing an example of a conventional belt.
- FIG. 13 is a table showing an example of the combination specified belt.
- FIG. 14 is a table showing an example of the combination and arrangement specified belt.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a CVT belt and FIGS. 2A and 2B show a V block (element).
- the belt 1 is composed of a ring 2 in which a plurality of endless metal sheets are laminated and a large number of V blocks (elements) 3 are successively and endlessly attached to the ring 2 .
- the V block 3 is a plate made of steel, for example, and has a certain thickness.
- the V block has a body 5 with V-shaped right and left flanks a that abut against pulleys, and a head 7 linked with the body 5 via a pillar 6 .
- a part between the body 5 and the head 7 on the right and left sides of the pillar 6 is a saddle 9 for receiving the ring 2 .
- Channels b for flowing lubricant oil are formed on the right and left flanks a, and the head 7 is provided with a dimple d on one face thereof and with a hole e on the other face to maintain the attitude of each block.
- V blocks 3 having different thickness t are provided.
- first V blocks (elements) 3 1 whose thickness is 1.4 mm
- second V blocks (elements) 3 2 whose thickness is 1.5 mm.
- the external shape of the both blocks 3 1 and 3 2 is the same.
- the conventional randomly mixed belt 12 described above is built by 400 blocks in total wherein 200 pieces of a first block 3 1 and 200 pieces of a second block 3 2 are mixed and arranged at random as shown in FIG. 3 .
- each half of an exemplary embodiment of a combination specified belt 1 of the present invention is composed of a first V block group A in which 50 pieces of a first V block 3 1 and 150 pieces of a second V block 3 2 are mixed, and a second V block group B in which 150 pieces of first V block 3 1 and 50 pieces of a second V block 3 2 are mixed, respectively, as shown in FIG. 4 .
- half of the combination specified belt 1 is composed of the first V block group A in which the first and second V blocks 3 1 and 3 2 are mixed with a ratio of one-to-three and are arranged at random, and the remaining half is composed of the second V block group B in which the first V blocks 3 1 and the second V blocks 3 2 are mixed with a ratio of three-to-one and are arranged at random.
- the ratio of the first and second V blocks is not limited to be one-to-three as described above and may be another ratio such as one-to-two, two-to-three, one-to-four and-three-to-seven, or the like.
- the number of block groups is not limited to two groups but may be many groups such as three or four groups, for example.
- the number of the blocks having different thickness is not limited to two but may be more such as three and four types, for example. It is noted that the number of the first V blocks is equalized with that of the second V blocks in the whole belt, thus improving efficiency in assembly and yield, by reversing the relationship of the first and second V block groups A and B to set the ratio of the first and second blocks as three-to-seven and three-to-seven, for example.
- the combination specified belt can comprise an arrangement specified belt 1 1 in which an order (arrangement) of the first blocks 3 1 and the second blocks 3 2 is adequately specified.
- Each half of the arrangement specified belt 1 1 is formed of a first block group A′ having 60 pieces of a first block 3 1 and 140 pieces of a second block 3 2 , and a second block group B′ having 140 pieces of a first block 3 1 and 60 pieces of a second block 3 2 .
- the arrangement and order of the first blocks 3 1 and the second blocks 3 2 can be specified so as to lower the noise in the first and second block groups A′ and B′.
- the ratio of the number of the first blocks 3 1 and the second blocks 3 2 has been equalized to be one-to-two (two-to-one) in the first and second block groups A′ and B′ in the belt 1 1 , a different ratio may be used in the both block groups such that the ratio is one-to-three in the first block group and is two-to-one in the second block group, for example.
- a belt 1 1 composed of only one type of block, e.g., the second blocks 3 2 whose thickness is 1.5 mm, generates noise irritating to human ears every time the blocks bite into the pulleys and has a sharp peak in a very narrow frequency band, as shown in FIG. 6 .
- the randomly mixed belt 1 2 in which the same number of first and second blocks 3 1 and 3 2 are mixed and are arranged at random generates noise whose peak is dispersed and centered on an order equivalent to the mean value of 1.45 mm and whose width I 1 is widened as the peak is lowered, as shown in FIG. 7 .
- the combination specified belt 1 whose half is assembled by the first block group A in which 50 pieces of first block 3 1 and 150 pieces of second block 3 2 are mixed and arranged at random (e.g., the ratio of combination is one-to-three) and whose other half is assembled by the second block group B in which 150 pieces of first block 3 1 and 50 pieces of second block 3 2 are mixed and arranged at random (e.g., the ratio of combination is three-to-one) causes random vibration centering on the average thickness of 1.475 mm in the first block group A and causes random vibration centering on the average thickness of 1.425 mm in the second block group B.
- the noise is dispersed further and the peak is lowered as well. That is, a width I 2 of the peak frequency is widened more than the width I 1 of the frequency of the randomly mixed belt, as indicated by a dotted line, and the noise level [dB] is lowered by x [dB] as compared to that of the randomly mixed belt.
- FIG. 9 is a chart showing simulation results for analyzing simplex vibration which is caused when the combination specified belt bites into the pulleys, for which a large number of first and second block groups A and B that are formed on a computer.
- the solid line indicates results of the combination specified belt 1
- the broken line indicates results of the randomly mixed belt 1 2 , shown in FIG. 7 , after trying 1,000 different arrangements of V blocks, respectively.
- results of the original belt 1 2 simulation represents simplex vibration when the first V blocks whose thickness is 1.4 mm and the second V blocks whose thickness is 1.5 mm are combined with a specified ratio of 50-to-50 and whose arrangement (order) is specified to be different individually.
- the results of the combination specified belt 1 represents simulation of simplex vibration when the first V blocks whose thickness is 1.4 mm and the second V blocks whose thickness is 1.5 mm are used in the same manner.
- the front half part of the belt is the block group in which the ratio of a number of the first and second V blocks is three-to-seven and the rear half part is the block group in which the ratio is seven-to-three. Different arrangements may be specified respectively in each block group.
- the original belt 1 2 has a central value (about 30%) where the frequency of appearance is maximized at the simplex vibration b [dB] and the peaks are distributed in a relatively wide range.
- the combination specified belt 1 described above has a central value (about 57%) where the frequency of appearance is maximized at the simplex vibration a [dB] and the peaks are distributed in a relatively narrow range.
- the central value a of the combination specified belt is lower by about 3.2 dB and its height is higher by about 1.9 times. Still more, its distribution range is narrower than that of the original belt by about 60%.
- the combination specified belts 1 cause less noise to be generated when the belts bite into the pulleys, as compared to that of the original (randomly mixed) belt 1 2 .
- the noise is reduced by about 3.2 dB.
- a simulation of a combination and arrangement specified belt in operations S 1 through S 5 is carried out. That is, conditions related to the components of the belt, such as the shape of the V block, length of the belt and a number of rings, rotational conditions when the belt is mounted on the CVT and is rotated, such as pulley (sheave) rotational speed and others are set as boundary conditions for carrying out the simulation in operation S 1 .
- the belt is divided into a plurality of parts and the ratio of combination concerning the thicknesses of the V block groups to be attached to the divided parts is set in operation S 2 .
- the ratio of a number of the first and second blocks is set at seven-to-three in the second V block group to be attached in the rear half part of the belt.
- the arrangement (order) of the first and second V blocks is changed at random in the first and second V block groups within the range of the above rate (ratio) to create a large number of combination and arrangement specified belts on a computer in operation S 3 .
- 1,000 arrangement patterns are created.
- a simulation of the large number of belts, thus created and mounted in a CVT and rotated, is carried out to calculate noise levels on the computer in operation S 4 .
- the noise level calculated per belt described above is analyzed to decide the optimum combination and arrangement specified belt in operations S 5 and S 6 .
- the noise level is analyzed by the sound pressure (dB) and a number of belts in that sound level.
- the frequency of appearance [%], as shown in FIG. 9 , in operation S 5 is determined to specify the optimum combination and arrangement specified belt among the analyzed noise levels, i.e., the belt at E in FIG. 9 .
- the optimum combination and arrangement specified belt is decided in the computer simulation with respect to the noise level.
- FIG. 12 An example of a belt in which the first V blocks and the second V blocks are mixed at random is shown in FIG. 12 .
- FIG. 13 An example of the combination specified belt composed of the first V block group in which the first and second V blocks are combined in the ratio of three-to-seven and the second V block group in which the first and second V blocks are combined in the ratio of seven-to-three is shown in FIG. 13 .
- the combination and arrangement specified belt that brought about the best result with respect to the noise level as the result of computer simulation is shown in FIG. 14 .
- FIG. 11 A large number of randomly mixed belts 1 2 , combination specified belts 1 and combination and arrangement specified belts 1 1 prepared with the combinations shown in FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 are actually produced. While each belt differs slightly due to allowance, error and others, the belts were actually wound across the pulleys and operated to measure the generated simplex vibration (sound pressure and noise level) [dB].
- the axis of abscissas represents the actually measured simplex vibration and the axis of ordinates represents frequency of appearance [%] of the belts having the peak value of the simplex vibration of each belt.
- the dotted line indicates the original (randomly mixed) belt 1 2
- the dotted chain line indicates the combination specified belt 1
- the solid line indicates the combination and arrangement specified belt 1 1 .
- specifying the arrangement allows the dispersion caused by the arrangement to be reduced.
- the deviation ⁇ 1 of the original belt is 1.6 dB and that of the combination and arrangement specified belt is 1.1 dB. Accordingly, it can be seen that the value of deviation is reduced when the arrangement is specified.
- the combination and arrangement specified belt is lower than the original belt by 4.5 dB. That is, it is shown that the large noise level of the original belt may be reduced considerably by specifying the combination and arrangement of the V blocks.
- CVT belt described above used a ring composed of laminated metal sheets as the endless body however, the invention is not limited to that and is also applicable, for example, to using a link chain in which link plates are linked by pins, and the like.
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Abstract
A belt for a continuously variable transmission (CVT) including an endless body and a plurality of V blocks attached to the endless body. The V blocks include a plurality of types of blocks having different thicknesses and are divided into a plurality of V block groups. The V block groups have different ratios of the plurality of types of V blocks, to provide a belt whose noise level is low and dispersed.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- Apparatuses and methods consistent with the present invention relate to a belt for a continuously variable transmission which is wound across a primary pulley and a secondary pulley each composed of a pair of sheaves and, more specifically, to a belt for a continuously variable transmission whose noise is reduced by using V blocks having different thickness for the large number of V blocks that abut against the pulleys.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- A belt type continuously variable transmission (hereinafter abbreviated as CVT) is generally used for power transmission systems of cars and the like. Belts for the CVTs typically include V blocks that are continuously attached to an endless body. In terms of the endless body, there is a push-type endless body that uses a ring composed of a plurality of laminated metal plates that transmits power by exerting a compression force on the V blocks, and a pull-type endless body that uses a chain in which link plates are linked alternately by pins and that transmits power by a tensile force acting on the chain. Although the present invention has been developed for the push-type endless body, it is also applicable to the pull-type endless body.
- Belts for CVTs generate an abutment sound when the V blocks (elements) abut against the pulleys. The sound becomes irritating to human ears at a peak frequency when the thicknesses of the V blocks are the same.
- Conventionally, belts have provided a lower noise by dispersing the peak frequency, described above, by randomly disposing a plurality of types of blocks having different thicknesses, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1994-21605 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-274492, for example. Although the belt in which the blocks, having different thickness, are attached at random (hereinafter referred to as a randomly mixed belt) can lower the frequency peak by dispersing the noise, its effect is not enough and a noise is still produced that irritates human ears.
- As shown in
FIG. 6 , abelt 1 1 assembled by 400 blocks (elements) 3 having a thickness of only 1.5 mm generates noise having a very narrow peak on a bite-in order of the blocks to the pulley. - Although a randomly mixed
belt 1 2, in which the same number (200) of blocks (elements) having a thickness of 1.4 mm and blocks (elements) having a thickness of 1.5 mm are mixed and arranged at random, can lower the frequency peak by white noise centering on an order equivalent to 1.45 mm, which is the mean value between 1.4 mm and 1.5 mm as shown inFIG. 7 , noise is still generated that is irritating to human ears. - It is an aspect of the invention to provide a belt for a CVT that disperses a peak of the frequency and lowers noise by forming a plurality of block groups having different ratios of blocks with different thicknesses.
- According to a first exemplary aspect of the invention, there is provided a belt for continuously variable transmission (CVT) in which a number of V blocks are attached to an endless body, wherein the V blocks include a plurality of types of blocks having different thickness. The V blocks, which may constitute a large number, comprise a series attached to the endless body and are divided into a plurality of V block groups, in which combination ratios of the different types of V blocks are different.
- That is, multiple V blocks are attached to the endless body and include a plurality of types of V blocks having different thickness. The V blocks are divided into a plurality of V block groups in which a ratio of different types of V blocks is different. The V blocks attached to the endless body form a series composed of the plurality of V block groups.
- The different types of V blocks may be arranged at random in the V block group. The different types of V blocks may also be arranged with a specified and predetermined order in the V block groups. In addition, a number of each different type of the V blocks may be almost equal in the series of the V blocks.
- In an exemplary embodiment, the V blocks comprise two types, including first V blocks and second V blocks whose thicknesses are different. The plurality of V block groups is composed of first and second V block groups respectively having a different ratio of the first V blocks to the second V blocks. The ratios of the first to second V blocks may be inversive in the first and second V block groups. Also, the endless body may be a ring in which a plurality of metal sheets is laminated, for example.
- According to a second exemplary aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a belt for a CVT, comprising forming a plurality of V block groups respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks and forming a series of V blocks by attaching a large number of the V blocks, comprising the plurality of V block groups, to an endless belt.
- The forming of the V block groups may include dividing the V blocks into the plurality of V block groups, respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks and specifying an arrangement of the V blocks. The operation of specifying the arrangement may comprise assembling a series of belts, including the V block groups, on a computer, and simulating a state in which the assembled belts are wound across pulleys to calculate noise levels of the individual belts, so as to analyze the calculated noise level of each belt to determine an optimum belt configuration.
- According to a further exemplary aspect of the invention, the method for manufacturing the belt for a CVT comprises dividing V blocks into a plurality of V block groups respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks, and specifying a large number of arrangements of the V blocks in the V block groups to assemble a series of belts for simulation on a computer. The belts are simulated in a state in which a large number of the belts are individually wound across pulleys to calculate noise levels on the computer, so as to calculate the noise level of each belt to determine an optimum belt configuration.
- Since the belts for a CVT of the present invention are composed of a plurality of V block groups having a different combination ratio of V blocks, they can disperse noise further when compared to the traditional randomly mixed belt and can reduce a rasping noise which is otherwise disturbing to human ears. The belt may be readily assembled by randomly arranging the V blocks in the V block groups. The noise may be reduced further by arranging the V blocks in the V block groups with a predetermined order that even further reduces the noise level.
- The belt may be readily assembled with fewer types of V blocks and its cost lowered by forming the V block groups with two types of V blocks having different thicknesses and by forming the series of belts using two V block groups.
- The number of different types of V blocks used may be equalized, thus improving efficiency in assembly and yield by equalizing the number of V blocks in the series or by inverting the ratios of the combinations of the V blocks in the two V block groups.
- As will be appreciated, the invention may be suitably applied to a belt whose endless body is a metal ring, such that the V blocks are attached successively to reduce noise.
- Further, the inventive belt manufacturing method enables an optimum arrangement of V blocks, causing less of a noise level, which can be analyzed through computer simulation, for example.
- The above and/or other aspects of the present invention will be more apparent by describing certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a CVT belt to which the invention is applicable. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a V block, whereinFIG. 2A is a front view andFIG. 2B is a side view thereof. -
FIG. 3 is a drawing for explaining a randomly mixed belt. -
FIG. 4 is a drawing for explaining a combination specified belt. -
FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining a combination and arrangement specified belt. -
FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining noise levels when the same V blocks are used. -
FIG. 7 is a drawing for explaining noise levels of the randomly mixed belt. -
FIG. 8 is a drawing for explaining noise levels of the combination specified belt. -
FIG. 9 is a chart showing a frequency of appearance during simulation of the original belt and the combination specified belt. -
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 11 is a chart showing results obtained by measuring respective belts. -
FIG. 12 is a table showing an example of a conventional belt. -
FIG. 13 is a table showing an example of the combination specified belt. -
FIG. 14 is a table showing an example of the combination and arrangement specified belt. - Exemplary modes for carrying out the invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a CVT belt andFIGS. 2A and 2B show a V block (element). Thebelt 1 is composed of aring 2 in which a plurality of endless metal sheets are laminated and a large number of V blocks (elements) 3 are successively and endlessly attached to thering 2. As shown inFIG. 2 , in detail, theV block 3 is a plate made of steel, for example, and has a certain thickness. The V block has abody 5 with V-shaped right and left flanks a that abut against pulleys, and ahead 7 linked with thebody 5 via apillar 6. A part between thebody 5 and thehead 7 on the right and left sides of thepillar 6 is asaddle 9 for receiving thering 2. Channels b for flowing lubricant oil are formed on the right and left flanks a, and thehead 7 is provided with a dimple d on one face thereof and with a hole e on the other face to maintain the attitude of each block. - In the conventional, randomly mixed belt, a plurality of types of V blocks 3 having different thickness t are provided. In particular, there are first V blocks (elements) 3 1 whose thickness is 1.4 mm and second V blocks (elements) 3 2 whose thickness is 1.5 mm. The external shape of the both
blocks mixed belt 12 described above is built by 400 blocks in total wherein 200 pieces of afirst block second block 3 2 are mixed and arranged at random as shown inFIG. 3 . - Contrary to the convention belt, each half of an exemplary embodiment of a combination specified
belt 1 of the present invention is composed of a first V block group A in which 50 pieces of afirst V block second V block 3 2 are mixed, and a second V block group B in which 150 pieces offirst V block second V block 3 2 are mixed, respectively, as shown inFIG. 4 . That is, half of the combination specifiedbelt 1 is composed of the first V block group A in which the first and second V blocks 3 1 and 3 2 are mixed with a ratio of one-to-three and are arranged at random, and the remaining half is composed of the second V block group B in which the first V blocks 3 1 and the second V blocks 3 2 are mixed with a ratio of three-to-one and are arranged at random. It is noted that the ratio of the first and second V blocks is not limited to be one-to-three as described above and may be another ratio such as one-to-two, two-to-three, one-to-four and-three-to-seven, or the like. Still more, the number of block groups is not limited to two groups but may be many groups such as three or four groups, for example. Still more, the number of the blocks having different thickness is not limited to two but may be more such as three and four types, for example. It is noted that the number of the first V blocks is equalized with that of the second V blocks in the whole belt, thus improving efficiency in assembly and yield, by reversing the relationship of the first and second V block groups A and B to set the ratio of the first and second blocks as three-to-seven and three-to-seven, for example. - In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in
FIG. 5 , the combination specified belt can comprise an arrangement specifiedbelt 1 1 in which an order (arrangement) of thefirst blocks 3 1 and thesecond blocks 3 2 is adequately specified. Each half of the arrangement specifiedbelt 1 1 is formed of a first block group A′ having 60 pieces of afirst block second block 3 2, and a second block group B′ having 140 pieces of afirst block second block 3 2. The arrangement and order of thefirst blocks 3 1 and thesecond blocks 3 2 can be specified so as to lower the noise in the first and second block groups A′ and B′. Thereby, a dispersion of frequency of appearance of peaks, described later, caused by an order of the first and second blocks within each block group may be reduced. It is noted that although the ratio of the number of thefirst blocks 3 1 and thesecond blocks 3 2 has been equalized to be one-to-two (two-to-one) in the first and second block groups A′ and B′ in thebelt 1 1, a different ratio may be used in the both block groups such that the ratio is one-to-three in the first block group and is two-to-one in the second block group, for example. - As described with respect to the conventional technology, a
belt 1 1 composed of only one type of block, e.g., thesecond blocks 3 2 whose thickness is 1.5 mm, generates noise irritating to human ears every time the blocks bite into the pulleys and has a sharp peak in a very narrow frequency band, as shown inFIG. 6 . The randomlymixed belt 1 2 in which the same number of first andsecond blocks FIG. 7 . - As shown in
FIG. 8 , the combination specifiedbelt 1 whose half is assembled by the first block group A in which 50 pieces offirst block second block 3 2 are mixed and arranged at random (e.g., the ratio of combination is one-to-three) and whose other half is assembled by the second block group B in which 150 pieces offirst block second block 3 2 are mixed and arranged at random (e.g., the ratio of combination is three-to-one) causes random vibration centering on the average thickness of 1.475 mm in the first block group A and causes random vibration centering on the average thickness of 1.425 mm in the second block group B. Thereby, as compared to the randomly mixed belt described above, the noise is dispersed further and the peak is lowered as well. That is, a width I2 of the peak frequency is widened more than the width I1 of the frequency of the randomly mixed belt, as indicated by a dotted line, and the noise level [dB] is lowered by x [dB] as compared to that of the randomly mixed belt. These features represent an exemplary effect of the combination specifiedbelt 1. -
FIG. 9 is a chart showing simulation results for analyzing simplex vibration which is caused when the combination specified belt bites into the pulleys, for which a large number of first and second block groups A and B that are formed on a computer. InFIG. 9 , the solid line indicates results of the combination specifiedbelt 1 and the broken line indicates results of the randomlymixed belt 1 2, shown inFIG. 7 , after trying 1,000 different arrangements of V blocks, respectively. InFIG. 9 , Simplex Vibration [dB] on the axis of abscissas indicates peaks of simplex vibration in the simulation of N=K times and Frequency of Appearance [%] on the axis of ordinates indicates a rate of appearance of peaks of simplex vibration [dB] in each simulation. It is noted that the results of theoriginal belt 1 2 simulation represents simplex vibration when the first V blocks whose thickness is 1.4 mm and the second V blocks whose thickness is 1.5 mm are combined with a specified ratio of 50-to-50 and whose arrangement (order) is specified to be different individually. The results of the combination specifiedbelt 1 represents simulation of simplex vibration when the first V blocks whose thickness is 1.4 mm and the second V blocks whose thickness is 1.5 mm are used in the same manner. The front half part of the belt is the block group in which the ratio of a number of the first and second V blocks is three-to-seven and the rear half part is the block group in which the ratio is seven-to-three. Different arrangements may be specified respectively in each block group. - As shown in
FIG. 9 , theoriginal belt 1 2 has a central value (about 30%) where the frequency of appearance is maximized at the simplex vibration b [dB] and the peaks are distributed in a relatively wide range. In contradistinction, the combination specifiedbelt 1 described above has a central value (about 57%) where the frequency of appearance is maximized at the simplex vibration a [dB] and the peaks are distributed in a relatively narrow range. As compared to the central value b of the original belt described above, the central value a of the combination specified belt is lower by about 3.2 dB and its height is higher by about 1.9 times. Still more, its distribution range is narrower than that of the original belt by about 60%. Accordingly, most of the combination specifiedbelts 1 cause less noise to be generated when the belts bite into the pulleys, as compared to that of the original (randomly mixed)belt 1 2. Statistically, the noise is reduced by about 3.2 dB. - Next, explained is a process in which a combination and arrangement specified belt having a low simplex vibration is selected among the combination specified belts.
- As shown in
FIG. 10 , a simulation of a combination and arrangement specified belt in operations S1 through S5 is carried out. That is, conditions related to the components of the belt, such as the shape of the V block, length of the belt and a number of rings, rotational conditions when the belt is mounted on the CVT and is rotated, such as pulley (sheave) rotational speed and others are set as boundary conditions for carrying out the simulation in operation S1. - Further, the belt is divided into a plurality of parts and the ratio of combination concerning the thicknesses of the V block groups to be attached to the divided parts is set in operation S2. In particular, the belt is divided into two parts, and the ratio of a number of the first V blocks (t=1.4 mm) to the second V blocks (t=1.5 mm) is set at three-to-seven in the first V block group to be attached in the front half part of the belt. The ratio of a number of the first and second blocks is set at seven-to-three in the second V block group to be attached in the rear half part of the belt.
- The arrangement (order) of the first and second V blocks is changed at random in the first and second V block groups within the range of the above rate (ratio) to create a large number of combination and arrangement specified belts on a computer in operation S3. In particular, 1,000 arrangement patterns are created. Then, a simulation of the large number of belts, thus created and mounted in a CVT and rotated, is carried out to calculate noise levels on the computer in operation S4.
- Then, the noise level calculated per belt described above is analyzed to decide the optimum combination and arrangement specified belt in operations S5 and S6. For example, the noise level is analyzed by the sound pressure (dB) and a number of belts in that sound level. The frequency of appearance [%], as shown in
FIG. 9 , in operation S5, is determined to specify the optimum combination and arrangement specified belt among the analyzed noise levels, i.e., the belt at E inFIG. 9 . Thereby, the optimum combination and arrangement specified belt is decided in the computer simulation with respect to the noise level. - An example of a belt in which the first V blocks and the second V blocks are mixed at random is shown in
FIG. 12 . An example of the combination specified belt composed of the first V block group in which the first and second V blocks are combined in the ratio of three-to-seven and the second V block group in which the first and second V blocks are combined in the ratio of seven-to-three is shown inFIG. 13 . The combination and arrangement specified belt that brought about the best result with respect to the noise level as the result of computer simulation is shown inFIG. 14 . - Next, the results of an actual measurement carried out using the above-mentioned belts will be explained with reference to
FIG. 11 . A large number of randomlymixed belts 1 2, combination specifiedbelts 1 and combination and arrangement specifiedbelts 1 1 prepared with the combinations shown inFIGS. 12, 13 and 14 are actually produced. While each belt differs slightly due to allowance, error and others, the belts were actually wound across the pulleys and operated to measure the generated simplex vibration (sound pressure and noise level) [dB]. InFIG. 11 , the axis of abscissas represents the actually measured simplex vibration and the axis of ordinates represents frequency of appearance [%] of the belts having the peak value of the simplex vibration of each belt. The dotted line indicates the original (randomly mixed)belt 1 2, the dotted chain line indicates the combination specifiedbelt 1 and the solid line indicates the combination and arrangement specifiedbelt 1 1. As is apparent from the graph, the maximum value of the frequency of appearance of the combination specified belt is lower than that of the original belt by 1.5 dB (=d−c) and that of the combination and arrangement specified belt is lower than that by 3.0 dB (=d−e). - Moreover, specifying the arrangement allows the dispersion caused by the arrangement to be reduced. When the dispersion is compared by using standard deviation as an index, the deviation σ1 of the original belt is 1.6 dB and that of the combination and arrangement specified belt is 1.1 dB. Accordingly, it can be seen that the value of deviation is reduced when the arrangement is specified. Still more, in addition to the average value being reduced by 3 dB, when values (average value+3σ1) and (average value+3σ2) obtained by adding 3σ1 and 3σ2 to the average value of each belt is compared, the combination and arrangement specified belt is lower than the original belt by 4.5 dB. That is, it is shown that the large noise level of the original belt may be reduced considerably by specifying the combination and arrangement of the V blocks.
- It is noted that the CVT belt described above used a ring composed of laminated metal sheets as the endless body however, the invention is not limited to that and is also applicable, for example, to using a link chain in which link plates are linked by pins, and the like.
- Although illustrative, non-limiting embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (11)
1. A belt for a continuously variable transmission (CVT), said belt comprising:
an endless body;
a plurality of V blocks attached to the endless body, wherein,
said V blocks include a plurality of types of blocks having different thicknesses; and
said V blocks are divided into a plurality of V block groups, said V block groups respectively having a different ratio of said plurality of types of V blocks.
2. The belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said different types of V blocks are arranged at random in said V block group.
3. The belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said different types of V blocks are arranged with a specified and predetermined order in said V block groups.
4. The belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 1 , wherein a number of V blocks of each different type is almost equal in said series of V blocks.
5. The belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said V blocks comprise two types of V blocks including first V blocks and second V blocks whose thicknesses are different; and
said plurality of V block groups is composed of a first V block group and a second V block group respectively having a different ratio of said first V blocks to said second V blocks.
6. The belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the ratio of said first V blocks to said second V blocks is inversive in said first and second V block groups.
7. The belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said endless body is a ring in which a plurality of metal sheets is laminated.
8. A belt for a continuously variable transmission (CVT), said belt comprising:
an endless body;
a plurality of V blocks attached to said endless body, wherein said V blocks include a plurality of types of V blocks having different thickness;
said V blocks being divided into a plurality of V block groups respectively having a different ratio of said different types of V blocks; and
said V block groups are formed from a series of said V blocks.
9. A method for manufacturing a belt for a continuously variable transmission (CVT) in which multiple V blocks of a plurality of types having different thicknesses are attached to an endless body, comprising:
forming a plurality of V block groups respectively having a different ratio of different types of V blocks; and
forming a series of V blocks by attaching a plurality of V blocks to the endless belt to provide said plurality of V block groups.
10. The method for manufacturing the belt for a CVT as set forth in claim 9 , wherein forming said V block groups comprises:
dividing said V blocks into a plurality of the V block groups, the V block groups respectively having a different ratio of different types of the V blocks; and
specifying an arrangement of said V blocks in said V block groups; and
said specifying an arrangement comprises,
assembling a series of belts using said V block groups on a computer;
simulating a state in which said assembled belts are respectively wound across pulleys to calculate a noise level; and
analyzing the calculated noise level of each belt to determine an optimum belt.
11. A method for manufacturing a belt for a continuously variable transmission (CVT), comprising:
dividing V blocks into a plurality of V block groups which respectively have a different ratio of different types of V blocks;
specifying a plurality of arrangements of said V blocks for said V block groups so as to assemble a series of individual belts on a computer;
simulating a state in which said plurality of assembled belts is wound across pulleys to calculate a noise level of the individual belts on the computer; and
analyzing the calculated noise level of each belt to determine an optimum belt.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/412,794 US8104159B2 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2009-03-27 | Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-366910 | 2004-12-17 | ||
JP2004366910A JP4557704B2 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2004-12-17 | Manufacturing method of continuously variable transmission belt |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US12/412,794 Division US8104159B2 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2009-03-27 | Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060135306A1 true US20060135306A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
Family
ID=36587730
Family Applications (2)
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US11/300,484 Abandoned US20060135306A1 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2005-12-15 | Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same |
US12/412,794 Expired - Fee Related US8104159B2 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2009-03-27 | Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same |
Family Applications After (1)
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US12/412,794 Expired - Fee Related US8104159B2 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2009-03-27 | Belt for continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method of the same |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US20060135306A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4557704B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101061330B (en) |
DE (1) | DE112005002222T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006064673A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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US20090280940A1 (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2009-11-12 | Jaco Ltd | Metal v-belt of continuously variable transmission |
US8950056B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2015-02-10 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing element for belt of continuously variable transmission |
US20150080158A1 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2015-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Belt-and-pulley-type continuously variable transmission |
NL1040569C2 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for assembling a drive belt with different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission and a thus assembled drive belt. |
NL1040570C2 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for assembling a drive belt with different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission and a thus assembled drive belt. |
US20160053852A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-25 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal belt for continuously variable transmission |
US20160281819A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Continuously variable transmission metal element |
US9694454B2 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2017-07-04 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Element arranging apparatus and element arranging method |
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NL1037483C2 (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-05-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Push belt for a continuously variable transmission, comprising different types of transverse elements. |
NL1038910C2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Drive belt comprising different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission. |
NL1039273C2 (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Drive belt comprising different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission. |
NL1039277C2 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Drive belt comprising different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission. |
NL1039980C2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Transverse segment for a drive belt with a carrier ring and multiple transverse segments. |
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NL1041639B1 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-07-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Transverse member for a drive belt for a continuously variable transmission. |
WO2017200057A1 (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-23 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | Transmission belt |
JP7028204B2 (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2022-03-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Continuously variable transmission |
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- 2005-12-02 DE DE112005002222T patent/DE112005002222T5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-02 WO PCT/JP2005/022149 patent/WO2006064673A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-12-15 US US11/300,484 patent/US20060135306A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US8814735B2 (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2014-08-26 | Jatco Ltd | Metal V-belt of continuously variable transmission |
US20090280940A1 (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2009-11-12 | Jaco Ltd | Metal v-belt of continuously variable transmission |
US8950056B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2015-02-10 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing element for belt of continuously variable transmission |
US9371902B2 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2016-06-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Belt-and-pulley-type continuously variable transmission |
US20150080158A1 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2015-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Belt-and-pulley-type continuously variable transmission |
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US20160053852A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-25 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal belt for continuously variable transmission |
US9694454B2 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2017-07-04 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Element arranging apparatus and element arranging method |
WO2015097294A1 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for assembling a drive belt with different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission and a thus assembled drive belt |
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NL1040569C2 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for assembling a drive belt with different types of transverse members for a continuously variable transmission and a thus assembled drive belt. |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006064673A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
US20090182446A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
JP2006170393A (en) | 2006-06-29 |
JP4557704B2 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
DE112005002222T5 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
CN101061330B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
CN101061330A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
US8104159B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 |
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Owner name: AISIN AW CO., LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HATTORI, MASASHI;FUJII, KATSUMORI;NAKAMURA, RYO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017518/0647;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051219 TO 20051226 Owner name: CVTEC CO., LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HATTORI, MASASHI;FUJII, KATSUMORI;NAKAMURA, RYO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017518/0647;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051219 TO 20051226 |
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