US200593A

US200593A - Improvement in stone-sawing machines

Info

Publication number: US200593A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1878-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 1895-02-19

Description

.3 SheetsaSheet H. YOUNG. Stone-sawing Machine.

No. 20025K??? Patented .19,1878.

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' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. YOUNG. Stone-'Sawng Machine'.

No. 200,593. Patented Feb. 19,1878.

UNITED STATESPATENT Qrricn.

HUGH YOUNG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORTO' WILLIAM RADOLIFF, OF SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN STONE-SAWINGAMACHINES. v`

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 200, 593, dated February 19, 1878 application iiled November 16, 1877.

'employ saws armed withl black-diamonds,

borts, or other hard stones; but itis, in part,

applicable to machines which cut the softer kinds of stone with toothed saws, or harder rocks with saws supplied with sand and water.

The invention is also, insome of its features, adapted not only to machines employing vertically-reciprocating saws, but to those using horizontally-reciproeating saws.

The objects of the invention are to secure greater compactness, durability, and accessibility of parts in machines of this class; to adapt them to the crosscutting and squaring of blocks in cases where the portions to be cut off, or that may be placed inside of the plane of the blade, are longer than the rectangular distance from said plane to the thrust-pieces of the sash or other obstruction; to' secure, by a better modev than hitherto, the action of the saw-teeth upon the work while making the cutting-stroke, and their disengagement trom the work while making the back or return stroke 5 to prevent slackness of the front and back margins of the saw-blade, which slackness, without my improvement, often exists, although the center of the blade is drawn tight to secure a more effectual wetting of the stone next the cutting-edge or cutters or the saw, and, by the aid ofan auxiliary saw and reversal of the feed, to make the nal break withinthe block, and so prevent the ruining of the last arrises to be formed by the saw-cut by the breaking of the stone in advance of the saw.

Figure 1 in the accompanying drawings is a side View of a machine constructed in accordance with my invention, looking toward the crank-wheel which reciprocates the saw gate-or sash. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the entire machine.

Fig. 3 is a front view or elevation ofthe entire machine, th at side being called the front toward which the cuttingedge of the principal saw is presented. Fig. 4 is a side view or eleva-tion of the entire machine seen from the side on which the main driving-pulleyis located. Fig. 5 is a vertical section made onthe line x w in Fig. 2.

A'represents the saw gate or sash, which carries the principal saw'B and the auxiliary saw B. The said sash'A reciprocates on the parallel guides C, which are supported by suitable frame-work, the upper part of which is upheld by a pillar, D, and the whole of which rests on a vsuitable foundation, preferably of solid masonry. Thesaid sash not only i projects laterally or hangs laterally over and under the carriage E, upon which the stone F to be cut rests and is fed to the saws, but said sash also projects over and under the said carriage, toward the front or" the machine, and in front of any of the machinery between the top of the carriage and the bottom of that part of the frame which supports the upper slides. edges of the saws so far in advance of all obstruction by other parts of the machine that a long stone may be laid on the said carriage vcrosswise to have the part inside of the plane of the blade sawed on', although such part to be sawed off, measured from the plane of the blade, is longer than the rectangular distance from said plane to the thrust-pieces of the sash or other obstructiona great advantage, not hitherto attained in this class of machines.

The sash is reciprocated in the usual way by a pitman, G, which connects the sash with the crank-wheel H on the main shaft I, which is rotated by the liy-wheel pulley J.

The principal saw B is provided with re-enforcements a at each oi' its extremities. To the said re-enforcements are pivoted links b, which engage the sash A by knife-edges or V-shaped bearings c, and through which the said saw is put under tension.

In order to prevent slackness in the edges of the principal saw B, which must be broad to work well, I make in said `saw holes K, placed in the central longitudinal axis of the This construction carries the cuttin-gsaw. This construction gives the saw less resistance to tension on and near the said axis than on the longitudinal margins of the saw. The said margins will therefore be drawn perfectly tight and straight when the saw is strained in the sash. So far as yet determined, circular holes on the centra-1 axis seem preferable; but I do not confine myself t0 this or any other specific shape or position for the said holes, nor to cutting them entirely through the plate. The said holes, when entirely within the kerf, also act to produce spray in the kerf when the saw is cutting and supplied with water, and thus a more efficient wetting of the cutting-edge of the saw and the part of the stone acted upon by said cutting'edge is secured.

The said sash and saw are represented in the drawings as making the downward or cutting stroke. Now, it has been found 'to be essential with reciprocating saws armed with diamonds, borts, or other hard stones, that the cutting-edge of the saw should be Withdrawn from its action upon the stone on its back stroke, and brought into contact with the stone only while makin g its cuttin g-stroke,

in'order that the borts or other cutters shall be pressed only in one direction in the performance of their work, as pressure in one direction only does not loosen them in their set tings, as always results from their cutting in both directions. different ways, by the advance and retreat to and from the work of the entire sash, the advance and retreat of the stone itself, and by the advance and retreat of the saw-blade only; but the methods hitherto employed have presented important defects on the one hand by requiring the movement of the slides, sash, and blade together, or the movement of the stone and carriage together, and on the other hand by requiring the production of the peculiar form of motion needed on or within the reciprocating sash, or its connection with the crank. This last method makes all the bearings of the push or lift producing apparatus `inaccessible for oiling while the sash is moving to and fro, and also leads to their speedy destruction by the constantly-reversing nio-` `mentu1n of the parts.

It has consequently been found almost impossible to keep these parts in such accuracy of relation as to obtain the desired regularity and exactness in the push or lift motion of the blade.

In my present invention I have obviated these defects by the use of a separate push or lift motion slide,l U, distinct from but parallel withV the slides which guide the reciprocating motion of the sash, and also placed in or on that part of the machine which bears said slides for guiding said reciprocating motion of thesash. This slide O receives a movement. corresponding with the push or lift motion required for the saw, and only those few and simple parts needed to transmit this movelnent to the blade or blades are on the reciprocating sash or its connections, and the power This has been eifected in for producing the movementnof t-he slide O` is brought directly or indirectly from the main shaft I, or from any shaft positively connected therewith, and not from the revolving crankpm.

Upon the said main shaft I, I attach the eccentric L, the rod M of which is pivoted to one end of the rock-lever N, which, by the connecting-rod r, is connected to therocklever N', which, by a connecting-rod, r', is connected to another rock-lever, N.

The shafts or pivots of al1 the said rocklevers have their bearings in the upper part of the stationary frame-work of the machine.

In order that the connecting-rods may act only by a drawing motion, and may be made lighter than if the rocking of the said rocklevers were entirely performed by the eccentric L, I attach to the end of the lever N a rod, r, and spring s, by which the entire system of connected rock-levers, so far as described, are actuated in onel direction, while the eccen tric rod M and eccentric L actuate them in the opposite direction.

The rock-levers N and N are keyed to their shafts, and both rock through similar and equal arcs in such manner as to actuate equally similar cams attached to the said rock-lever shafts, which shafts are parallel and have their "centers in a parallel line with the guides C.

The said cams d actuate the push or lift motion slide 0. The said slide O is guided in or on that part of the machine which carries the ,guides C, and it is pressed constantlyr against the cams d by springs e. Its position is therefore, both when at rest land in every part of its movement, parallel to the guides C.

From this parallel motion of the push or lift motion slide O, I derive the parallel forward and backward edgewise motion of the saw or saws, as follows: To the upper part of the saw-gate is pivoted a bell-crank lever, l?, and to the opposite lower part of vsaid sawgate is pivoted another bell-crank lever, P. Said bellcrank levers are connected and caused to move simultaneously by the connecting-rod 4, and the vertical arm of the upper bell-crank lever P-slides over the push or lift motion slide O, an anti-friction device being preferably interposed between said lever and said slide.

Eachof the bell-crank levers P P is connected by a rod, R or R', (which rods respect ively extend across the upper and lower parts of the sash) to one arm of a horizontally-rocking bell-crank lever, P or P, pivoted to said sash. The unconnected arms of said bell- `crank levers I and P act directly against at every reciprocation, the said bellcrank levers being actuated by the slide O through the intermediate bell-crank levers and connecting-rods hereinbefore described; and all the bearings of the devices through which this motion of the saW yis obtained are placed on that part of the machine which carries the slides guiding the sash, and hence are easily accessible for oiling and other attention, whether the saw is running or not, except the bearings of the bell-crank levers pivoted to the sash.

This feature of the invention is applicable to horizontally-reciprocating saws as well as to vertically-reciprocating saws. But I do not coniine myself to the precise means of com# municating motion from the main shaft I to the slide O, nor to the precise means of communicating motion from said slide to the saw, as other systems of devices may accomplish these results.

It is to be observed that the devices above described have this well-defined result, namely,V that the parallel movement of the slide O is the exact counterpart of the push or lift motion required for the blade, or that it has an arithmetical relation to such required motion, according to the intermediate links of communication between said slide O and said blade.

For the purposes of my invention it is immaterial whether such specific mode of motion is effected by cams or wedges acting yon they slide O, or by a cam on the main shaft, or onV any intermediate shaft, or by any other mechanical equivalent or equivalents.

Heretofore, in the sawing of stone on such machines, when the saw has cut nearly through the stone, there has been very great danger of ruining the last arrises to be formed by the saw-cut by reason of the breaking out of the stone and parting of the block in advance of the saw; and such breaking, frequently occurring, causes great damage, necessitating the subsequent dressing of the stone to remove the brokcn-out'portion-a serious waste of material and labor.

In the present invention this difliculty is wholly avoided, as follows: The re-enforce said saw in such manner as to pass one on each side of the end of the lower projecting re-enforcement a of the principal saw, a pin, t, passing through said plates and projection, and similar plates T', riveted to the upper end of said saw, and having a gib and key, t', passing through said plates and the end of the upper projecting re-enforcement a, the whole being so arranged as to bring the said .auxiliary saw substantially in parallel relation and in the saine plane with the principal saw. Neither do I limit myself to the attachment of said auxiliary saw to the re-enforcements a a, as special appliances for such attachment may be provided independently of said re-enforcements.

During the chief part of the sawing the said auxiliary saw is detached; but when the block has been so nearly divided as to be in danger of parting, the machine is stopped, the auxiliary saw attached, with its cutting-edge facing the cutting-edge of the principal saw, and the machine again started with 'the motion of the carriage E reversed. The auxiliary saw then cuts a kerf directly and accurately into the kerf of the principal saw, making perfect, clean-cut arrises, and the nal break, if any, occurs within the body of the block.

lI claiml. A saw-gate projecting over and under the carriage, both laterally and toward the frontl or end of the machine toward which the cutting-edge of the principal saw is presented, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in ya, stone-sawing machine, of a reciprocating saw gate or sash, a principal saw, and a detachable auxiliary saw, for attachment to or connection with the principal saw inthe same plane and in parallel' from the main shaft I, or any shaft positively connected therewith, to said slide O, and means for imparting from said slide O a corresponding edgewise motion to the saw or saws, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. HUGH YOUNG. Witnesses FREDSHAYNES, EDWARD B. SPERRY.