US20050271471A1 - Modular drainage components - Google Patents
Modular drainage components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050271471A1 US20050271471A1 US10/952,090 US95209004A US2005271471A1 US 20050271471 A1 US20050271471 A1 US 20050271471A1 US 95209004 A US95209004 A US 95209004A US 2005271471 A1 US2005271471 A1 US 2005271471A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- liner
- open
- section
- key
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/227—Gutters; Channels ; Roof drainage discharge ducts set in sidewalks
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/221—Kerbs or like edging members, e.g. flush kerbs, shoulder retaining means ; Joint members, connecting or load-transfer means specially for kerbs
- E01C11/223—Kerb-and-gutter structures; Kerbs with drainage openings channel or conduits, e.g. with out- or inlets, with integral gutter or with channel formed into the kerb ; Kerbs adapted to house cables or pipes, or to form conduits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/227—Gutters; Channels ; Roof drainage discharge ducts set in sidewalks
- E01C11/229—Shallow gutters, i.e. gutters forming a minor pothole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G9/00—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
- H02G9/04—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water in surface ducts; Ducts or covers therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to routing drainage and more specifically to modular drainage components, which provide different modular components for routing drainage.
- the first type of ditch liner is an open ditch liner.
- An example of an open type of ditch liner is found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,854,292 to Nienstadt. Nienstadt uses a relatively light plastic resin that is retained with a quantity of stakes.
- the second type of ditch liner is a closed ditch liner.
- the closed ditch liner includes a substantially U-shaped trough with a cover. The cover may have openings formed therethrough.
- Three examples of closed type ditch liners are found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,748 to Barenwald et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,443,327 to Akkala et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,522,675 to Gunter.
- the Barenwald et al. and Gunter patents disclose using relatively complicated connecting devices to retain each liner section in tight connection to each other.
- An open modular ditch liner includes a plurality of open liner sections and at least one alignment key.
- the cross section of each open liner section includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof.
- the plurality of open liner sections are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Casting cement blocks is a cost effective manufacturing process relative to cast iron or open cast molding.
- a key slot is formed on at least one side of each open liner section to receive a single alignment key. However, the at least one key slot may be replaced with at least one key opening.
- Each key opening is formed through a length of the open liner section, near a side thereof. The key opening is sized to receive an alignment key.
- a closed modular ditch liner includes a plurality of closed liner sections, a plurality of covers, and at least one alignment key.
- the cross section of each closed liner section includes at least one trough contour and a single cover retention lip formed on a top end of each side thereof.
- the plurality of closed liner sections and covers are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Each cover is laterally retained between the two cover retention lips.
- a key slot is formed on at least one side of the closed liner section to receive a single alignment key. However, the at least one key slot may be replaced with at least one key opening.
- Each key opening is formed through a length of the closed liner section, near a side thereof. The key opening is sized to receive an alignment key.
- the key slot may also include a positive taper or an interference fit.
- the key slot with an interference fit may have the shape of a negative taper or a substantially rounded shape.
- the key slot with an interference slot would provide an interference fit to an alignment key.
- the alignment key includes a block embodiment or an extruded embodiment.
- the block alignment key would be preferably used in the positive taper key slot.
- the length of a block alignment key would preferably be as long as an open liner section. Each block alignment key would engage two adjacent open liner sections.
- the extruded alignment key would be fabricated from an extruded material and preferably retained in an interference fit key slot.
- An alignment key may be replaced by a riser section.
- the riser section includes a side member and an alignment key projection.
- the length of the riser section is preferably the same as that of the open liner section.
- the side member constrains the flow of fluid relative to the open liner section.
- the alignment key projection is sized to be received by one of the key slots of the open liner section.
- the open liner sections may be formed as a trapezoid to allow the open liner sections to fit curved drain ditch applications. At least one end of the open liner section is angled.
- a channel alignment key may be used to connect two adjacent open liner sections.
- An inside width of the channel alignment key is sized to receive the thickness of the two adjacent open liner sections.
- An erosion barrier insert may be placed between the ends of two adjacent open liner sections.
- Each erosion barrier insert has substantially the same cross section, as the open liner section, with the exception of a top portion. The top portion of the erosion barrier insert exceeds the height of the substantially concave shape in the open liner section.
- a radius liner insert includes a cross section that is the same as that of the open liner section. The radius liner insert is placed between the ends of two adjacent open liner sections to help create a radius with a plurality of open ditch liner sections.
- a width expandable modular ditch liner includes a plurality of open liner sections, a plurality of side connection keys and a plurality of expandable liner sections.
- a pear shaped slot is formed in each side of each open liner section. The pear shaped slot is formed in at least one side of each expandable liner section.
- a pitch expandable liner section includes a trapezoidal cross section, which enables expandable liner sections to extend from the open liner section at some predetermined angle.
- a single pear shaped slot is formed in each side of the pitch expandable liner section.
- Side and end adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with at least one side connection key.
- Each side connection key includes a tubular body and two rod inserts. Each tubular body includes a first pear shaped side and a second pear shaped side. Each pear shaped side includes a rod opening. Each rod opening is sized to receive a single rod insert.
- a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner includes a plurality of open liner sections, the plurality of side connection keys and a plurality of expandable liner sections.
- a pear shaped slot is formed in each side of each mitered open liner section.
- the pear shaped slot is formed in at least one side of each expandable liner section. Either at least one side of each open liner section may be mitered and/or at least one side of each mitered expandable liner section is mitered to provide an angle between each open liner section and the expandable liner section.
- Side and end adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with at least one side connection key.
- a flow restrictor liner section may be substituted for the expandable liner section.
- a liner section spacer is preferably placed between each end of two adjacent liner sections.
- the liner section spacer includes a pear shaped slot that is sized to be received by one of the tubular bodies of the side connection key.
- the liner section spacer is fabricated from a resilient material, such as rubber. If the liner section spacer is fabricated from rubber, the rubber preferably has a hardness of 30-60 durometer.
- a tapered alignment key may be used to connect the ends and sides of adjacent liner sections.
- the tapered alignment key may also be tubular.
- a positive taper key slot is formed in at least one side wall of each liner section.
- Each end of the tapered alignment key is sized to fit in a single positive taper key slot such that a gap is left between an end wall of the positive taper key slot and an end of the tapered alignment key.
- Contact between the tapered walls of the positive taper key slot and tapered surfaces of the tapered alignment key provide some positive locking to prevent the tapered alignment key from moving within the positive taper key slot.
- a modular curb liner includes a plurality of curb liner sections. At least one alignment key is preferably used to retain the plurality of curb liner sections, adjacent to each other. A key slot is formed in at least one side of each curb liner section to receive the at least one alignment key. One side of each curb liner section includes a raised edge. The other side of each curb liner section is placed, adjacent a road and the one side is placed, adjacent a strip of land.
- a culvert receiver includes a liner end and a culvert end.
- a cross section of each open liner section includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof.
- the liner end of the culvert receiver is sized to interface with an open liner section.
- the substantially concave shape preferably matches that of the open liner section.
- Each side of the culvert receiver preferably flares outward from substantially the liner end to the culvert end. The flare on each side may be straight, curved or any other appropriate shape.
- the culvert end of the culvert receiver is sized to interface with a culvert.
- the substantially concave shape flares outward, substantially parallel to each side.
- At least one alignment key is preferably used to retain a single ditch liner section relative to the liner end of the culvert receiver.
- a key slot is formed in at least one side, at the liner end of each culvert receiver to receive the at least one alignment key.
- a secondary flow connector includes a first end extension, a second end extension and a side extension.
- the first end extension, the second end extension and the side extension are sized to interface with an open liner section.
- a cross section of the first end extension, the second end extension and the side extensions each include a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. The substantially concave shape continues through a middle of the secondary flow connector.
- At least one alignment key is preferably used to retain a single open liner section relative to one of the extensions.
- a key slot is preferably formed in at least one side of each extension to receive the at least one alignment key.
- a trapezoidal ditch liner includes at least one end being nonperpendicular to a side thereof.
- the cross section of each trapezoidal ditch liner includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. At least one alignment key may be used to retain adjacent trapezoidal ditch liners relative to each other.
- a curved ditch liner includes a ditch liner with two curved sides and two nonparallel ends.
- the cross section of each curved ditch liner includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof.
- a plurality of curved or trapezoidal ditch liners may be placed end to end to form a radius of curved ditch liners.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an open liner section with two key openings formed therethrough in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of a trench with an open modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a side cross sectional view of a trench with an open modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a closed modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a single closed liner section with two key openings formed therethrough in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of a closed modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of a trench with a closed modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a side cross sectional view of a trench with a closed modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a closed modular ditch liner having two trough contours in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a partial end view of an open liner section with a positive taper key slot of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a partial end view of an open liner section with a negative taper key slot of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a partial end view of an open liner section with a substantially round key slot of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of an extruded alignment key of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a plurality of block alignment keys engaged with a plurality of open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a plurality of riser blocks engaged with a plurality of open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 18 a is a top view of an open liner section with one angled end of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 18 b is a top view of an open liner section with two angled ends of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a channel alignment key attached to two adjacent open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an erosion barrier insert retained between to adjacent open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a radius liner insert retained between to adjacent open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a width expandable modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is an end view of a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a perspective view of two liner section spacers retained on a side connection key in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a tapered alignment key and tubular tapered alignment key retained in an open liner section in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is an end view of a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner retained together with a tapered alignment key and a tubular tapered alignment key in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a plurality of curb liner sections positioned next to each other in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is an end view of a curb liner section in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a top view of a culvert receiver in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is an end view of a liner end of a culvert receiver in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is an end view of a culvert end of a culvert receiver in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a top view of a secondary connector in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is a top view of a secondary connector with a side extension that is nonperpendicular to an axis of main flow in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 35 is an end view of a secondary connector in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a side view of a secondary connector in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a top view of a plurality of trapezoidal ditch liners in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is an end view of a trapezoidal ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a top view of a plurality of curved ditch liners in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is an end view of a curved ditch liner in accordance with the present invention.
- the open modular ditch liner 1 includes a plurality of open liner sections 10 and at least one alignment key 12 .
- the cross section of each open liner section 12 includes a substantially concave shape 14 formed on a top thereof.
- a tapered surface 16 terminates each end of the substantially concave shape 14 .
- the tapered surfaces 16 are structured to align with the inclines of each side of a ditch 100 .
- a key slot 18 is formed on at least one side of each open liner section 10 to receive a single alignment key 12 .
- the alignment key 12 retains at least two open liner sections 10 in vertical and horizontal alignment to each other. If the base under one of the open liner sections sinks, the alignment key 12 in the adjacent open liner sections will retain the one open liner section in vertical alignment with the adjacent open liner sections.
- the key slot 18 may be replaced with a key opening 20 .
- Each key opening 20 is formed through a length of the open liner section 10 ′, near an end thereof.
- the key opening 20 is sized to slidably receive the inner alignment key 22 .
- the plurality of open liner sections 10 are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Casting cement blocks is a cost effective manufacturing process relative to cast iron or open cast molding. When the open liner sections 10 are placed in the ditch 100 , ends of each liner section 10 preferably do not contact each other; a small gap “A” is left between the ends thereof.
- the value of gap “A” is preferably between 0.06-0.25. It is beneficial for a small amount of water to drain into the ground below the ditch 100 .
- the open modular ditch liner 1 is preferably installed in a ditch 100 with a two inch gravel base 102 .
- a bottom of the substantially concave shape 14 is preferably aligned with the opening of a culvert 104 placed adjacent to the open modular ditch liner 1 .
- water 106 that flows through the culvert 104 or drops directly on to the plurality of open liner sections 10 will seep through the gaps between the open liner sections 10 to the gravel base 102 .
- the gaps prevent standing water from forming in the open modular ditch liner 1 .
- the open modular ditch liner 1 is preferably for residential use.
- a closed modular ditch liner 2 includes a plurality of closed liner sections 26 , a plurality of covers 28 , and at least one alignment key 30 .
- the cross section of each closed liner section 26 includes a trough contour 32 and a single cover retention lip 34 formed on a top end of each side thereof.
- the cover 28 is sized to be received between the cover retention lips 34 .
- the height of the cover 28 is preferably substantially the same as the height of the cover retention lips 34 .
- Each cover 28 fits over at least one closed liner section 26 .
- the trough contour 32 is preferably U-shaped with two tapered side surfaces 36 .
- a key slot 38 is formed on at least one side of each closed liner section 26 to receive a single alignment key 30 .
- Alignment keys with round and square cross sections are shown, but the cross section of the alignment keys may have other shapes, such as being triangular.
- the alignment key 30 retains at least two closed liner sections 26 . If the base under one of the closed liner sections sinks, the alignment key 12 in the adjacent closed liner sections will retain the one closed liner section in vertical alignment with the adjacent closed liner sections.
- the key slot 38 may be replaced with a key opening 42 .
- Each key opening 42 is formed through a length of the closed liner section 26 ′, near an end thereof.
- the key opening 42 is sized to slidably receive the inner alignment key 44 .
- the plurality of closed liner sections 26 and the covers 28 are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine.
- a channel 110 is dug deep enough in a bottom of a ditch 108 to allow the top edges of the closed modular ditch liner 2 to be flush with the tapered sides of the ditch 108 .
- each liner section 26 when the closed liner sections 26 are placed in the channel 110 , ends of each liner section 26 preferably do not contact each other; a small gap “B” is left between the ends thereof.
- the value of gap “B” is preferably between 0.06-0.25. It is beneficial for a small amount of water to drain into the ground below the ditch 108 .
- the ends of the covers 28 preferably do not contact each other to allow water to drain into the plurality of closed liner sections 26 .
- a gap “C” is left between the covers to allow water 106 to drain into the plurality of closed liner sections 26 .
- the value of gap “C” is preferably between 0.06-0.25.
- the closed modular ditch liner 2 is preferably installed in a ditch 108 with a two inch gravel base 102 .
- a bottom of the trough contour 32 is preferably aligned with the opening of a culvert 104 placed adjacent to the closed modular ditch liner 2 .
- Water 106 flows through the culvert 104 or seeps through the gaps between the plurality of covers 28 , will seep through the gaps between the closed liner sections 26 to the gravel base 102 .
- the gaps prevent standing water from forming in the closed modular ditch liner 2 .
- the closed modular ditch liner 2 is preferably for residential use.
- FIG. 11 shows a closed modular ditch liner 3 where each closed liner section 46 has two trough contours 48 .
- the closed modular ditch liner 3 includes a plurality of closed liner sections 46 , a plurality of covers 50 , and at least one alignment key 52 .
- the cross section of each closed liner section 46 includes the two trough contours 48 and a single cover retention lip 54 formed on a top end of each side thereof.
- a support pedestal 56 is formed between the two trough contours 48 to support at least one cover 50 .
- the cover 50 is sized to be received between the cover retention lips 54 .
- the height of the cover 50 is preferably the same as the height of the cover retention lips 54 .
- Each cover 50 fits over at least one closed liner section 46 .
- the plurality of covers 50 may be placed perpendicular or in parallel to a length of the plurality of closed liner sections 46 .
- the trough contour 48 is preferably U-shaped with one tapered side surface 58 and a straight side formed by one side of the support pedestal 56 .
- a key slot 60 is formed on at least one side of each closed liner section 46 to receive a single alignment key 52 .
- An alignment key with a square cross section is shown, but the cross section of the alignment key 52 may be other shapes, such as round.
- the alignment key 52 retains at least two closed liner sections 46 .
- the key slot 60 may be replaced with a key opening as shown in FIG. 6 .
- the plurality of closed liner sections 46 and the covers 50 are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine.
- the closed modular ditch liner 3 is positioned in a ditch such that the top edge is flush with the tapered sides of the ditch 102 as shown in FIG. 8 .
- the closed liner sections 46 preferably do not contact each other, a small gap “D” is left between the ends thereof.
- a small gap “E” is preferably maintained between each cover 50 .
- the value of gaps “D” and “E” are preferably between 0.06-0.25. It is beneficial for a small amount of water to drain into the ground below a ditch.
- the open modular ditch liner 3 is preferably for residential use.
- the key slot may also include a positive taper or an interference fit.
- At least one positive taper key slot 62 is formed in an open liner section 10 .
- the at least one positive taper key slot 62 may be formed on one wall of the open liner section 10 or on both walls.
- An angle “A” of one wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used.
- An angle “B” of the other wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used.
- An alignment key is received by the at least one positive taper key 62 in at least two adjacent open liner sections 10 .
- the key slot with an interference fit may have the shape of a negative taper or a substantially rounded shape. However, other shapes of interference key slots may also be used, besides the negative taper or substantially round.
- the key slot with an interference slot would provide an interference fit to an alignment key.
- At least one negative taper key slot 64 is formed in the open liner section 10 .
- the taper may be formed on one wall of the negative taper key slot 64 or on both walls.
- An angle “C” of one wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used.
- An angle “D” of the other wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used.
- An interference alignment key 66 may be compressed to be inserted or removed from the negative taper key slot 64 .
- the interference alignment key 66 must be fabricated from a resilient material to allow compression thereof. However, the interference alignment key 66 could also be inserted from an end of the open liner section 10 .
- At least one substantially round key slot 68 is formed in an open liner section 10 .
- the substantially round key slot 68 is sized to receive the interference alignment key 66 .
- the interference alignment key 66 may be compressed to be inserted or removed from the substantially round key slot 68 .
- the interference alignment key 66 could also be inserted from an end of the open liner section 10 .
- the alignment key may also include an extruded embodiment or a block embodiment.
- an extruded alignment key 70 preferably includes a key base 72 and at least one key projection 74 extending from the key base 72 .
- At least one substantially round key slot 68 is formed in the open liner section 10 to receive the at least one key projection 74 .
- other shapes of interference key slots and key projections may also be used, besides substantially round.
- the extruded alignment key 70 must be fabricated from a resilient material to allow the at least one key projection 74 to be compressed for insertion into the at least one substantially round key slot 68 .
- the extruded alignment key 70 may also be inserted from an end of the open liner section 10 .
- the extruded alignment key 70 is preferably long enough to retain a plurality of open liner sections 10 .
- a block alignment key 76 includes a block base 78 and a key projection 80 extending from the block base 78 .
- a key slot 18 is disposed in the open liner section 10 .
- the block alignment key 76 preferably has the same length “L” as the open liner section 10 .
- Each block alignment key 76 is positioned to engage two adjacent open liner sections 10 .
- a block alignment key 76 ′ does not have the same height as the open liner section 10 .
- an alignment key may be replaced by at least one riser section.
- a first riser section 82 includes a first side member 84 and a first key projection 86 extending from the first side member 84 .
- the first riser section 82 may also include at least one key slot 88 for receiving at least one second key projection of a second riser section 90 .
- the second riser section 90 includes a second side member 92 and the at least one second key projection (not shown) extending from the second side member 92 . Lengths of the first and second riser sections are preferably the same as that of the open liner section 10 .
- the first side member 84 constrains the flow of fluid relative to the open liner section 10 .
- the second side member 92 constrains the flow of fluid relative to the first side member 84 .
- an open liner section section may be formed as a trapezoid (viewed from a top) to allow the open liner sections 10 ′, 10 ′′ to fit curved drain applications.
- One end of an open liner section 10 ′ is terminated with an angle “E.”
- One end of an open liner section 10 ′′ is terminated with an angle “E” and the other end of the open liner section 10 ′′ is terminated with an angle “F.”
- the length “L” of any open liner section 10 , 10 ′, 10 ,′′ preferably has a value of between 7-14 inches.
- the length of any riser block 82 , 90 preferably has a value of between 7-14 inches.
- the modular ditch liner 1 - 3 may be used in other drainage applications, such as swales. It is preferable that adjacent open liner sections 10 , 10 ′, 10 ′′ be arranged to have a gap therebetween for drainage.
- a channel alignment key 94 is used to connect two adjacent open liner sections 10 .
- the channel alignment key 94 includes a base leg 95 and a first retention leg 97 extending from one end of the base leg 95 and a second retention leg 99 extending from the other end of the base leg 95 .
- An inside length between the first and second retention legs is sized to receive the thickness of the two adjacent open liner sections 10 .
- Use of the channel alignment key 94 eliminates the need for a key slot in each open liner section 10 .
- a channel alignment key could also be used to retain a width (instead of thickness of two adjacent open liner sections 10 .
- an erosion barrier insert 96 is placed between the ends of two adjacent open liner sections 10 .
- Each erosion barrier insert 96 has substantially the same cross sectional area as the open liner section 10 , with the exception of a top portion 98 .
- the top portion 98 of the erosion barrier insert 96 extends above a lowest portion 15 of the substantially concave shape 14 in the open liner section 10 .
- the erosion barrier insert 96 reduces the rate of flow through a plurality of open liner sections 10 .
- a radius liner insert 120 includes a cross section that is preferably the same as that of the open liner section 10 .
- One end of the radius liner insert 120 has a dimension X and the other end of the radius liner insert 120 has a dimension Y, where X>Y.
- the radius liner insert 120 is placed between the ends of two adjacent open liner sections 10 to help create a radius with a plurality of open ditch liner sections 10 .
- a width expandable modular ditch liner 122 includes a plurality of open liner sections 124 , a plurality of side connection keys 126 and a plurality of expandable liner sections 128 .
- the plurality of open liner sections 124 do not require a substantially concave shape 125 formed on a top thereof.
- the top of the plurality of open liner sections 124 may be flat, when used in a width expandable modular ditch liner 122 .
- a pear shaped slot 130 is formed in each side of each open liner section 124 .
- the pear shaped slot 130 is formed in at least one side of each expandable liner section 128 .
- a pitch expandable liner section 132 includes a trapezoidal cross section, which enables the expandable liner section 128 to extend from the open liner section at a predetermined angle.
- the predetermined angle is created by a side angle created on at least one side of the trapezoidal cross section.
- a single pear shaped slot 130 is formed in each side of the pitch expandable liner section 132 .
- Each side connection key 126 includes a tubular body 134 and two rod inserts 136 .
- Each tubular body 134 includes a first pear shaped side 135 and a second pear shaped side 137 .
- Each pear shaped side includes a rod opening 138 .
- Each rod opening 138 is sized to receive a single rod insert 136 .
- the tubular body 134 is first inserted into a plurality of adjacent liner sections. A single rod insert 136 is then inserted to each rod opening 138 .
- the pitch expandable liner section 132 , the expandable liner section 128 and the side connection key 126 allow a width of the opening liner section 124 to be expanded in one or both directions.
- a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner 140 includes a plurality of open liner sections 142 , the plurality of side connection keys 126 and the plurality of expandable liner sections 128 .
- the plurality of open liner sections 142 ′ do not require a substantially concave shape 143 formed on a top thereof.
- the top of the plurality of open liner sections 142 ′ may be flat, when used in a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner 140 .
- the pear shaped slot 130 is formed in each side of each open liner section 142 ′.
- the pear shaped slot 130 is formed in at least one side of each expandable liner section 128 .
- At least one side 143 of each mitered width expandable liner section 142 ′ may be mitered to provide an angle between each open liner section 142 ′ and the expandable liner section 128 ′.
- each open liner section 128 ′ may be mitered to provide an angle between each expandable liner section 128 ′ and the open liner section 142 ′. Side and end adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with at least one side connection key 126 .
- a flow restrictor liner section 144 may be substituted for the expandable liner section 128 .
- the flow restrictor liner section 144 includes an additional height to slow down the flow velocity of water flowing through the mitered width expandable modular ditch liner 140 .
- a liner section spacer 146 may be placed between two adjacent liner sections.
- the liner section spacer 146 includes a pear shaped slot 148 that is sized to be received by one of the pear shaped sides of the tubular body 134 of the side connection key 126 .
- the liner section spacer 146 is fabricated from a resilient material, such as rubber. If the liner section spacer 146 is fabricated from rubber, the rubber preferably has a hardness of 30-60 durometer.
- a tapered alignment key 150 is used to connect the ends and sides of adjacent liner sections.
- the tapered alignment key 150 is preferably fabricated from concrete, but other materials may also be used.
- a tubular tapered alignment key 152 is preferably fabricated from an extruded plastic material, but other materials may also be used.
- the tapered alignment key 150 , 152 may be characterized as a side connection key.
- a first side of the tapered alignment key 150 , 152 includes a first tapered surface 153 and a second tapered surface 155 .
- a second side of the tapered alignment key 150 includes a first tapered surface 157 and a second tapered surface 159 .
- a positive taper key slot 154 is formed in at least one side wall of the open liner section 10 ′ and expandable liner sections 156 , 158 .
- the tapered key slot 154 includes a first tapered wall 160 , a second tapered wall 162 and an end wall 164 .
- An angle “A” of the first tapered wall 160 preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used.
- An angle “B” of the second tapered wall 162 preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used.
- a gap “G” preferably exists between an end of the tapered alignment key 150 , 152 and the end wall 164 , when the tapered alignment key 150 , 152 is fully inserted into the tapered key slot 154 .
- the gap “G” has a preferably width of at least 0.03 inches.
- a modular curb liner 4 includes a plurality of curb liner sections 166 .
- At least one alignment key 168 is preferably used to retain the plurality of curb liner sections 166 , adjacent to each other.
- a key slot 164 is preferably formed in at least one side of each curb liner section 166 to receive the at least one alignment key 168 .
- One type of alignment key is shown FIGS. 28-29 , but other types of alignment keys may also be used, such as those previously disclosed in this application.
- One side of each curb liner section 166 includes a raised edge 172 .
- a gradual slope 174 smoothly joins a top of the curb liner section 166 with the raised edge 172 .
- the gradual slope 174 may be curved, straight or any other appropriate contour.
- the one side of the plurality of curb liner sections 166 are placed adjacent a strip of land 300 and the other side of the plurality of curb liner sections 166 are placed adjacent a road 302 .
- a culvert receiver 176 includes a liner end 178 and a culvert end 180 .
- a cross section of each open liner section includes a substantially concave shape 182 formed on a top thereof.
- the liner end 178 of the culvert receiver 176 is sized to interface with an open liner section.
- the substantially concave shape 182 preferably matches that of the open liner section.
- Each side of the culvert receiver flares outward from substantially the liner end 178 to the culvert end 180 .
- a shape of the flare on each side may be straight, curved or any other appropriate shape.
- the culvert end 180 of the culvert receiver is sized to interface with a culvert.
- the substantially concave shape 182 flares outward, substantially parallel to each side.
- At least one alignment key 168 is preferably used to retain a single open liner section relative to the liner end 178 of the culvert receiver 176 .
- the key slot 164 is preferably formed in at least one side of each culvert receiver 180 at the liner end 178 to receive the at least one alignment key 168 .
- One type of alignment key is shown in FIGS. 30-32 , but other types of alignment keys may also be used, such as those previously disclosed in this application.
- a secondary flow connector 184 includes a first end extension 186 , a second end extension 188 and a side extension 190 .
- the first end extension 186 , the second end extension 188 and the side extension 190 are sized to interface with an open liner section.
- a cross section of the first end extension 186 , the second end extension 188 and the side extension 190 each include the substantially concave shape 182 formed on a top thereof.
- the substantially concave shape 182 continues through a middle of the secondary flow connector 184 .
- the at least one alignment key 168 is preferably used to retain a single open liner section relative to one of the extensions.
- the key slot 164 is formed in at least one side of each extension to receive the at least one alignment key 168 .
- One type of alignment key is shown FIGS. 33-36 , but other types of alignment keys may also be used, such as those previously disclosed in this application.
- the side extension 190 extends substantially perpendicularly from the secondary flow connector 184 . However, the side extension 190 may also extend from the secondary flow connector 184 ′ at a nonperpendicular angle, as shown in FIG. 34 .
- a trapezoidal ditch liner 192 includes at least one end being nonperpendicular to a side thereof. Angles A and B are preferably equal to each other and less than 90 degrees.
- the cross section of each trapezoidal ditch liner 192 includes the substantially concave shape 182 formed on a top thereof. A plurality of trapezoidal ditch liners 192 may be placed end to end to form a radius of ditch liners.
- a curved ditch liner 194 includes a ditch liner with two curved sides and two nonparallel ends.
- the cross section of each curved ditch liner 194 includes the substantially concave shape formed 182 on a top thereof.
- a plurality of curved ditch liners 194 may be placed end to end to form a radius of curved ditch liners 194 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
Modular drainage components include a curb liner section, a culvert receiver, a secondary connector, a trapezoidal ditch liner section and a curved ditch liner section. A plurality of curb liner sections are inserted between a roadway and a strip of land to block overflow from the roadway. The culvert receiver is placed between a open ditch liner section and a culvert. The secondary connector provides a flow path for secondary flow to or from a primary flow. A plurality of trapezoidal ditch liner sections or a plurality of curved ditch liner sections may be placed end to end to form a radiused path of flow.
Description
- This is a continuation-in-part application taking priority from Ser. No. 10/862,527 filed on Jun. 7, 2004.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to routing drainage and more specifically to modular drainage components, which provide different modular components for routing drainage.
- 2. Discussion of the Prior Art
- There are two different types of ditch liners. The first type of ditch liner is an open ditch liner. An example of an open type of ditch liner is found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,854,292 to Nienstadt. Nienstadt uses a relatively light plastic resin that is retained with a quantity of stakes. The second type of ditch liner is a closed ditch liner. The closed ditch liner includes a substantially U-shaped trough with a cover. The cover may have openings formed therethrough. Three examples of closed type ditch liners are found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,748 to Barenwald et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,443,327 to Akkala et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,522,675 to Gunter. The Barenwald et al. and Gunter patents disclose using relatively complicated connecting devices to retain each liner section in tight connection to each other.
- Accordingly, there is a clearly felt need in the art for modular drainage components, which route drainage and which may be secured to each other with a connection key.
- The present invention provides a modular ditch liner that does not require complicated installation and assembly. An open modular ditch liner includes a plurality of open liner sections and at least one alignment key. The cross section of each open liner section includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. The plurality of open liner sections are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Casting cement blocks is a cost effective manufacturing process relative to cast iron or open cast molding. A key slot is formed on at least one side of each open liner section to receive a single alignment key. However, the at least one key slot may be replaced with at least one key opening. Each key opening is formed through a length of the open liner section, near a side thereof. The key opening is sized to receive an alignment key.
- A closed modular ditch liner includes a plurality of closed liner sections, a plurality of covers, and at least one alignment key. The cross section of each closed liner section includes at least one trough contour and a single cover retention lip formed on a top end of each side thereof. The plurality of closed liner sections and covers are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Each cover is laterally retained between the two cover retention lips. A key slot is formed on at least one side of the closed liner section to receive a single alignment key. However, the at least one key slot may be replaced with at least one key opening. Each key opening is formed through a length of the closed liner section, near a side thereof. The key opening is sized to receive an alignment key.
- The key slot may also include a positive taper or an interference fit. The key slot with an interference fit may have the shape of a negative taper or a substantially rounded shape. The key slot with an interference slot would provide an interference fit to an alignment key. The alignment key includes a block embodiment or an extruded embodiment. The block alignment key would be preferably used in the positive taper key slot. The length of a block alignment key would preferably be as long as an open liner section. Each block alignment key would engage two adjacent open liner sections. The extruded alignment key would be fabricated from an extruded material and preferably retained in an interference fit key slot.
- An alignment key may be replaced by a riser section. The riser section includes a side member and an alignment key projection. The length of the riser section is preferably the same as that of the open liner section. The side member constrains the flow of fluid relative to the open liner section. The alignment key projection is sized to be received by one of the key slots of the open liner section. Further, the open liner sections may be formed as a trapezoid to allow the open liner sections to fit curved drain ditch applications. At least one end of the open liner section is angled.
- A channel alignment key may be used to connect two adjacent open liner sections. An inside width of the channel alignment key is sized to receive the thickness of the two adjacent open liner sections. An erosion barrier insert may be placed between the ends of two adjacent open liner sections. Each erosion barrier insert has substantially the same cross section, as the open liner section, with the exception of a top portion. The top portion of the erosion barrier insert exceeds the height of the substantially concave shape in the open liner section. A radius liner insert includes a cross section that is the same as that of the open liner section. The radius liner insert is placed between the ends of two adjacent open liner sections to help create a radius with a plurality of open ditch liner sections.
- A width expandable modular ditch liner includes a plurality of open liner sections, a plurality of side connection keys and a plurality of expandable liner sections. A pear shaped slot is formed in each side of each open liner section. The pear shaped slot is formed in at least one side of each expandable liner section. A pitch expandable liner section includes a trapezoidal cross section, which enables expandable liner sections to extend from the open liner section at some predetermined angle. A single pear shaped slot is formed in each side of the pitch expandable liner section. Side and end adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with at least one side connection key. Each side connection key includes a tubular body and two rod inserts. Each tubular body includes a first pear shaped side and a second pear shaped side. Each pear shaped side includes a rod opening. Each rod opening is sized to receive a single rod insert.
- A mitered width expandable modular ditch liner includes a plurality of open liner sections, the plurality of side connection keys and a plurality of expandable liner sections. A pear shaped slot is formed in each side of each mitered open liner section. The pear shaped slot is formed in at least one side of each expandable liner section. Either at least one side of each open liner section may be mitered and/or at least one side of each mitered expandable liner section is mitered to provide an angle between each open liner section and the expandable liner section. Side and end adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with at least one side connection key. A flow restrictor liner section may be substituted for the expandable liner section.
- A liner section spacer is preferably placed between each end of two adjacent liner sections. The liner section spacer includes a pear shaped slot that is sized to be received by one of the tubular bodies of the side connection key. The liner section spacer is fabricated from a resilient material, such as rubber. If the liner section spacer is fabricated from rubber, the rubber preferably has a hardness of 30-60 durometer.
- A tapered alignment key may be used to connect the ends and sides of adjacent liner sections. The tapered alignment key may also be tubular. A positive taper key slot is formed in at least one side wall of each liner section. Each end of the tapered alignment key is sized to fit in a single positive taper key slot such that a gap is left between an end wall of the positive taper key slot and an end of the tapered alignment key. Contact between the tapered walls of the positive taper key slot and tapered surfaces of the tapered alignment key provide some positive locking to prevent the tapered alignment key from moving within the positive taper key slot.
- A modular curb liner includes a plurality of curb liner sections. At least one alignment key is preferably used to retain the plurality of curb liner sections, adjacent to each other. A key slot is formed in at least one side of each curb liner section to receive the at least one alignment key. One side of each curb liner section includes a raised edge. The other side of each curb liner section is placed, adjacent a road and the one side is placed, adjacent a strip of land.
- A culvert receiver includes a liner end and a culvert end. A cross section of each open liner section includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. The liner end of the culvert receiver is sized to interface with an open liner section. The substantially concave shape preferably matches that of the open liner section. Each side of the culvert receiver preferably flares outward from substantially the liner end to the culvert end. The flare on each side may be straight, curved or any other appropriate shape. The culvert end of the culvert receiver is sized to interface with a culvert. The substantially concave shape flares outward, substantially parallel to each side. At least one alignment key is preferably used to retain a single ditch liner section relative to the liner end of the culvert receiver. A key slot is formed in at least one side, at the liner end of each culvert receiver to receive the at least one alignment key.
- A secondary flow connector includes a first end extension, a second end extension and a side extension. The first end extension, the second end extension and the side extension are sized to interface with an open liner section. A cross section of the first end extension, the second end extension and the side extensions each include a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. The substantially concave shape continues through a middle of the secondary flow connector. At least one alignment key is preferably used to retain a single open liner section relative to one of the extensions. A key slot is preferably formed in at least one side of each extension to receive the at least one alignment key.
- A trapezoidal ditch liner includes at least one end being nonperpendicular to a side thereof. The cross section of each trapezoidal ditch liner includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. At least one alignment key may be used to retain adjacent trapezoidal ditch liners relative to each other. A curved ditch liner includes a ditch liner with two curved sides and two nonparallel ends. The cross section of each curved ditch liner includes a substantially concave shape formed on a top thereof. A plurality of curved or trapezoidal ditch liners may be placed end to end to form a radius of curved ditch liners.
- Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a modular ditch liner that is fabricated from a heavy, yet economical material.
- It is a further object of the present invention to provide a modular ditch liner that utilizes an uncomplicated connection device.
- It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a modular ditch liner that does not require the creation of a perfect trench for installation.
- It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a modular curb liner that may be used to keep drainage off grass, adjacent a roadway.
- It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a culvert receiver that may be used as an interface between a ditch liner section and a culvert.
- It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a secondary flow connector that may be used to connect a main plurality of ditch liner sections with a secondary plurality of ditch liner sections.
- Finally, it is another object of the present invention to provide a plurality trapezoidal or curved ditch liner sections that may be used to form a radius
- These and additional objects, advantages, features and benefits of the present invention will become apparent from the following specification.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an open liner section with two key openings formed therethrough in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a side view of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of a trench with an open modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a side cross sectional view of a trench with an open modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a closed modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a single closed liner section with two key openings formed therethrough in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 8 is a side view of a closed modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of a trench with a closed modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 10 is a side cross sectional view of a trench with a closed modular ditch liner contained therein in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a closed modular ditch liner having two trough contours in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 12 is a partial end view of an open liner section with a positive taper key slot of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 13 is a partial end view of an open liner section with a negative taper key slot of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 14 is a partial end view of an open liner section with a substantially round key slot of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of an extruded alignment key of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a plurality of block alignment keys engaged with a plurality of open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a plurality of riser blocks engaged with a plurality of open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 18 a is a top view of an open liner section with one angled end of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 18 b is a top view of an open liner section with two angled ends of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a channel alignment key attached to two adjacent open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an erosion barrier insert retained between to adjacent open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a radius liner insert retained between to adjacent open liner sections of an open modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a width expandable modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 24 is an end view of a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of two liner section spacers retained on a side connection key in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a tapered alignment key and tubular tapered alignment key retained in an open liner section in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 27 is an end view of a mitered width expandable modular ditch liner retained together with a tapered alignment key and a tubular tapered alignment key in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a plurality of curb liner sections positioned next to each other in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 29 is an end view of a curb liner section in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 30 is a top view of a culvert receiver in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 31 is an end view of a liner end of a culvert receiver in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 32 is an end view of a culvert end of a culvert receiver in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 33 is a top view of a secondary connector in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 34 is a top view of a secondary connector with a side extension that is nonperpendicular to an axis of main flow in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 35 is an end view of a secondary connector in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 36 is a side view of a secondary connector in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 37 is a top view of a plurality of trapezoidal ditch liners in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 38 is an end view of a trapezoidal ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 39 is a top view of a plurality of curved ditch liners in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 40 is an end view of a curved ditch liner in accordance with the present invention. - With reference now to the drawings, and particularly to
FIG. 1 , there is shown a perspective view of an openmodular ditch liner 1. With reference toFIGS. 2-4 , the openmodular ditch liner 1 includes a plurality ofopen liner sections 10 and at least onealignment key 12. The cross section of eachopen liner section 12 includes a substantiallyconcave shape 14 formed on a top thereof. Preferably, atapered surface 16 terminates each end of the substantiallyconcave shape 14. The tapered surfaces 16 are structured to align with the inclines of each side of aditch 100. Preferably, akey slot 18 is formed on at least one side of eachopen liner section 10 to receive asingle alignment key 12. An alignment key with a square cross section is shown, but the cross section of thealignment key 12 may be other shapes, such as round. Thealignment key 12 retains at least twoopen liner sections 10 in vertical and horizontal alignment to each other. If the base under one of the open liner sections sinks, thealignment key 12 in the adjacent open liner sections will retain the one open liner section in vertical alignment with the adjacent open liner sections. - The
key slot 18 may be replaced with akey opening 20. Eachkey opening 20 is formed through a length of theopen liner section 10′, near an end thereof. Thekey opening 20 is sized to slidably receive theinner alignment key 22. The plurality ofopen liner sections 10 are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Casting cement blocks is a cost effective manufacturing process relative to cast iron or open cast molding. When theopen liner sections 10 are placed in theditch 100, ends of eachliner section 10 preferably do not contact each other; a small gap “A” is left between the ends thereof. The value of gap “A” is preferably between 0.06-0.25. It is beneficial for a small amount of water to drain into the ground below theditch 100. - The open
modular ditch liner 1 is preferably installed in aditch 100 with a twoinch gravel base 102. A bottom of the substantiallyconcave shape 14 is preferably aligned with the opening of aculvert 104 placed adjacent to the openmodular ditch liner 1. With reference toFIG. 5 ,water 106 that flows through theculvert 104 or drops directly on to the plurality ofopen liner sections 10 will seep through the gaps between theopen liner sections 10 to thegravel base 102. The gaps prevent standing water from forming in the openmodular ditch liner 1. The openmodular ditch liner 1 is preferably for residential use. - With reference to
FIGS. 6-9 , a closedmodular ditch liner 2 includes a plurality ofclosed liner sections 26, a plurality ofcovers 28, and at least onealignment key 30. The cross section of eachclosed liner section 26 includes atrough contour 32 and a singlecover retention lip 34 formed on a top end of each side thereof. Preferably, thecover 28 is sized to be received between thecover retention lips 34. The height of thecover 28 is preferably substantially the same as the height of thecover retention lips 34. Eachcover 28 fits over at least oneclosed liner section 26. Thetrough contour 32 is preferably U-shaped with two tapered side surfaces 36. - Preferably, a
key slot 38 is formed on at least one side of eachclosed liner section 26 to receive asingle alignment key 30. Alignment keys with round and square cross sections are shown, but the cross section of the alignment keys may have other shapes, such as being triangular. Thealignment key 30 retains at least twoclosed liner sections 26. If the base under one of the closed liner sections sinks, thealignment key 12 in the adjacent closed liner sections will retain the one closed liner section in vertical alignment with the adjacent closed liner sections. - The
key slot 38 may be replaced with akey opening 42. Eachkey opening 42 is formed through a length of theclosed liner section 26′, near an end thereof. Thekey opening 42 is sized to slidably receive theinner alignment key 44. The plurality ofclosed liner sections 26 and thecovers 28 are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. Achannel 110 is dug deep enough in a bottom of aditch 108 to allow the top edges of the closedmodular ditch liner 2 to be flush with the tapered sides of theditch 108. - With reference to
FIG. 10 , when theclosed liner sections 26 are placed in thechannel 110, ends of eachliner section 26 preferably do not contact each other; a small gap “B” is left between the ends thereof. The value of gap “B” is preferably between 0.06-0.25. It is beneficial for a small amount of water to drain into the ground below theditch 108. The ends of thecovers 28 preferably do not contact each other to allow water to drain into the plurality ofclosed liner sections 26. A gap “C” is left between the covers to allowwater 106 to drain into the plurality ofclosed liner sections 26. The value of gap “C” is preferably between 0.06-0.25. - The closed
modular ditch liner 2 is preferably installed in aditch 108 with a twoinch gravel base 102. A bottom of thetrough contour 32 is preferably aligned with the opening of aculvert 104 placed adjacent to the closedmodular ditch liner 2.Water 106 flows through theculvert 104 or seeps through the gaps between the plurality ofcovers 28, will seep through the gaps between theclosed liner sections 26 to thegravel base 102. The gaps prevent standing water from forming in the closedmodular ditch liner 2. The closedmodular ditch liner 2 is preferably for residential use. -
FIG. 11 shows a closedmodular ditch liner 3 where eachclosed liner section 46 has twotrough contours 48. The closedmodular ditch liner 3 includes a plurality ofclosed liner sections 46, a plurality ofcovers 50, and at least onealignment key 52. The cross section of eachclosed liner section 46 includes the twotrough contours 48 and a singlecover retention lip 54 formed on a top end of each side thereof. Asupport pedestal 56 is formed between the twotrough contours 48 to support at least onecover 50. Preferably, thecover 50 is sized to be received between thecover retention lips 54. The height of thecover 50 is preferably the same as the height of thecover retention lips 54. - Each
cover 50 fits over at least oneclosed liner section 46. The plurality ofcovers 50 may be placed perpendicular or in parallel to a length of the plurality ofclosed liner sections 46. Thetrough contour 48 is preferably U-shaped with one taperedside surface 58 and a straight side formed by one side of thesupport pedestal 56. Preferably, akey slot 60 is formed on at least one side of eachclosed liner section 46 to receive asingle alignment key 52. An alignment key with a square cross section is shown, but the cross section of thealignment key 52 may be other shapes, such as round. Thealignment key 52 retains at least twoclosed liner sections 46. - The
key slot 60 may be replaced with a key opening as shown inFIG. 6 . The plurality ofclosed liner sections 46 and thecovers 50 are preferably fabricated from cement block on a cement block casting machine. The closedmodular ditch liner 3 is positioned in a ditch such that the top edge is flush with the tapered sides of theditch 102 as shown inFIG. 8 . Theclosed liner sections 46 preferably do not contact each other, a small gap “D” is left between the ends thereof. A small gap “E” is preferably maintained between eachcover 50. The value of gaps “D” and “E” are preferably between 0.06-0.25. It is beneficial for a small amount of water to drain into the ground below a ditch. The openmodular ditch liner 3 is preferably for residential use. - With reference to
FIG. 12-14 , the key slot may also include a positive taper or an interference fit. At least one positive taperkey slot 62 is formed in anopen liner section 10. The at least one positive taperkey slot 62 may be formed on one wall of theopen liner section 10 or on both walls. An angle “A” of one wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used. An angle “B” of the other wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used. An alignment key is received by the at least one positive taper key 62 in at least two adjacentopen liner sections 10. - The key slot with an interference fit may have the shape of a negative taper or a substantially rounded shape. However, other shapes of interference key slots may also be used, besides the negative taper or substantially round. The key slot with an interference slot would provide an interference fit to an alignment key. At least one negative taper
key slot 64 is formed in theopen liner section 10. The taper may be formed on one wall of the negative taperkey slot 64 or on both walls. An angle “C” of one wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used. An angle “D” of the other wall preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used. Aninterference alignment key 66 may be compressed to be inserted or removed from the negative taperkey slot 64. Theinterference alignment key 66 must be fabricated from a resilient material to allow compression thereof. However, theinterference alignment key 66 could also be inserted from an end of theopen liner section 10. - At least one substantially round
key slot 68 is formed in anopen liner section 10. The substantially roundkey slot 68 is sized to receive theinterference alignment key 66. Theinterference alignment key 66 may be compressed to be inserted or removed from the substantially roundkey slot 68. Theinterference alignment key 66 could also be inserted from an end of theopen liner section 10. - The alignment key may also include an extruded embodiment or a block embodiment. With reference to
FIG. 15 , an extrudedalignment key 70 preferably includes akey base 72 and at least onekey projection 74 extending from thekey base 72. At least one substantially roundkey slot 68 is formed in theopen liner section 10 to receive the at least onekey projection 74. However, other shapes of interference key slots and key projections may also be used, besides substantially round. The extrudedalignment key 70 must be fabricated from a resilient material to allow the at least onekey projection 74 to be compressed for insertion into the at least one substantially roundkey slot 68. The extrudedalignment key 70 may also be inserted from an end of theopen liner section 10. The extrudedalignment key 70 is preferably long enough to retain a plurality ofopen liner sections 10. - With reference to
FIG. 16 , ablock alignment key 76 includes ablock base 78 and akey projection 80 extending from theblock base 78. Akey slot 18 is disposed in theopen liner section 10. Theblock alignment key 76 preferably has the same length “L” as theopen liner section 10. Eachblock alignment key 76 is positioned to engage two adjacentopen liner sections 10. Ablock alignment key 76′ does not have the same height as theopen liner section 10. - With reference to
FIG. 17 , an alignment key may be replaced by at least one riser section. Afirst riser section 82 includes afirst side member 84 and a firstkey projection 86 extending from thefirst side member 84. Thefirst riser section 82 may also include at least onekey slot 88 for receiving at least one second key projection of asecond riser section 90. Thesecond riser section 90 includes asecond side member 92 and the at least one second key projection (not shown) extending from thesecond side member 92. Lengths of the first and second riser sections are preferably the same as that of theopen liner section 10. Thefirst side member 84 constrains the flow of fluid relative to theopen liner section 10. Thesecond side member 92 constrains the flow of fluid relative to thefirst side member 84. - With reference to
FIGS. 18 a and 18 b, an open liner section section may be formed as a trapezoid (viewed from a top) to allow theopen liner sections 10′, 10″ to fit curved drain applications. One end of anopen liner section 10′ is terminated with an angle “E.” One end of anopen liner section 10″ is terminated with an angle “E” and the other end of theopen liner section 10″ is terminated with an angle “F.” - The length “L” of any
open liner section block alignment key riser block open liner sections - With reference to
FIG. 19 , achannel alignment key 94 is used to connect two adjacentopen liner sections 10. Thechannel alignment key 94 includes abase leg 95 and afirst retention leg 97 extending from one end of thebase leg 95 and asecond retention leg 99 extending from the other end of thebase leg 95. An inside length between the first and second retention legs is sized to receive the thickness of the two adjacentopen liner sections 10. Use of thechannel alignment key 94 eliminates the need for a key slot in eachopen liner section 10. A channel alignment key could also be used to retain a width (instead of thickness of two adjacentopen liner sections 10. - With reference to
FIG. 20 , anerosion barrier insert 96 is placed between the ends of two adjacentopen liner sections 10. Eacherosion barrier insert 96 has substantially the same cross sectional area as theopen liner section 10, with the exception of atop portion 98. Thetop portion 98 of theerosion barrier insert 96 extends above alowest portion 15 of the substantiallyconcave shape 14 in theopen liner section 10. Theerosion barrier insert 96 reduces the rate of flow through a plurality ofopen liner sections 10. - With reference to
FIG. 21 , aradius liner insert 120 includes a cross section that is preferably the same as that of theopen liner section 10. One end of theradius liner insert 120 has a dimension X and the other end of theradius liner insert 120 has a dimension Y, where X>Y. Theradius liner insert 120 is placed between the ends of two adjacentopen liner sections 10 to help create a radius with a plurality of openditch liner sections 10. - With reference to
FIG. 22 , a width expandablemodular ditch liner 122 includes a plurality ofopen liner sections 124, a plurality ofside connection keys 126 and a plurality ofexpandable liner sections 128. The plurality ofopen liner sections 124 do not require a substantiallyconcave shape 125 formed on a top thereof. The top of the plurality ofopen liner sections 124 may be flat, when used in a width expandablemodular ditch liner 122. A pear shapedslot 130 is formed in each side of eachopen liner section 124. The pear shapedslot 130 is formed in at least one side of eachexpandable liner section 128. A pitchexpandable liner section 132 includes a trapezoidal cross section, which enables theexpandable liner section 128 to extend from the open liner section at a predetermined angle. The predetermined angle is created by a side angle created on at least one side of the trapezoidal cross section. A single pear shapedslot 130 is formed in each side of the pitchexpandable liner section 132. - Side and width adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with the single
side connection key 126. Eachside connection key 126 includes atubular body 134 and two rod inserts 136. Eachtubular body 134 includes a first pear shapedside 135 and a second pear shapedside 137. Each pear shaped side includes arod opening 138. Eachrod opening 138 is sized to receive asingle rod insert 136. Thetubular body 134 is first inserted into a plurality of adjacent liner sections. Asingle rod insert 136 is then inserted to eachrod opening 138. The pitchexpandable liner section 132, theexpandable liner section 128 and theside connection key 126 allow a width of theopening liner section 124 to be expanded in one or both directions. - With reference to
FIGS. 23-24 , a mitered width expandablemodular ditch liner 140 includes a plurality ofopen liner sections 142, the plurality ofside connection keys 126 and the plurality ofexpandable liner sections 128. The plurality ofopen liner sections 142′ do not require a substantiallyconcave shape 143 formed on a top thereof. The top of the plurality ofopen liner sections 142′ may be flat, when used in a mitered width expandablemodular ditch liner 140. The pear shapedslot 130 is formed in each side of eachopen liner section 142′. The pear shapedslot 130 is formed in at least one side of eachexpandable liner section 128. At least oneside 143 of each mitered widthexpandable liner section 142′ may be mitered to provide an angle between eachopen liner section 142′ and theexpandable liner section 128′. - At least one
side 129 of eachopen liner section 128′ may be mitered to provide an angle between eachexpandable liner section 128′ and theopen liner section 142′. Side and end adjacent liner sections are attached to each other with at least oneside connection key 126. A flowrestrictor liner section 144 may be substituted for theexpandable liner section 128. The flowrestrictor liner section 144 includes an additional height to slow down the flow velocity of water flowing through the mitered width expandablemodular ditch liner 140. - With reference to
FIG. 25 , aliner section spacer 146 may be placed between two adjacent liner sections. Theliner section spacer 146 includes a pear shapedslot 148 that is sized to be received by one of the pear shaped sides of thetubular body 134 of theside connection key 126. Theliner section spacer 146 is fabricated from a resilient material, such as rubber. If theliner section spacer 146 is fabricated from rubber, the rubber preferably has a hardness of 30-60 durometer. - With reference to
FIGS. 26-27 , a taperedalignment key 150 is used to connect the ends and sides of adjacent liner sections. The taperedalignment key 150 is preferably fabricated from concrete, but other materials may also be used. A tubular taperedalignment key 152 is preferably fabricated from an extruded plastic material, but other materials may also be used. The taperedalignment key alignment key tapered surface 153 and a secondtapered surface 155. A second side of the taperedalignment key 150 includes a firsttapered surface 157 and a secondtapered surface 159. A positive taperkey slot 154 is formed in at least one side wall of theopen liner section 10′ andexpandable liner sections open liner section 10′ is used with at least oneexpandable liner section concave shape 14 does not have to be formed in a top thereof. The taperedkey slot 154 includes a firsttapered wall 160, a secondtapered wall 162 and anend wall 164. - An angle “A” of the first
tapered wall 160 preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used. An angle “B” of the secondtapered wall 162 preferably has a range of between 0.5 to 5 degrees, but other angles may also be used. A gap “G” preferably exists between an end of the taperedalignment key end wall 164, when the taperedalignment key key slot 154. The gap “G” has a preferably width of at least 0.03 inches. Contact between thetapered walls key slot 154 and taperedsurfaces alignment key alignment key key slot 154. - With reference to
FIGS. 28-29 , amodular curb liner 4 includes a plurality ofcurb liner sections 166. At least onealignment key 168 is preferably used to retain the plurality ofcurb liner sections 166, adjacent to each other. Akey slot 164 is preferably formed in at least one side of eachcurb liner section 166 to receive the at least onealignment key 168. One type of alignment key is shownFIGS. 28-29 , but other types of alignment keys may also be used, such as those previously disclosed in this application. One side of eachcurb liner section 166 includes a raisededge 172. Agradual slope 174 smoothly joins a top of thecurb liner section 166 with the raisededge 172. Thegradual slope 174 may be curved, straight or any other appropriate contour. The one side of the plurality ofcurb liner sections 166 are placed adjacent a strip of land 300 and the other side of the plurality ofcurb liner sections 166 are placed adjacent a road 302. - With reference to
FIGS. 30-32 , aculvert receiver 176 includes aliner end 178 and aculvert end 180. A cross section of each open liner section includes a substantiallyconcave shape 182 formed on a top thereof. Theliner end 178 of theculvert receiver 176 is sized to interface with an open liner section. The substantiallyconcave shape 182 preferably matches that of the open liner section. Each side of the culvert receiver flares outward from substantially theliner end 178 to theculvert end 180. A shape of the flare on each side may be straight, curved or any other appropriate shape. Theculvert end 180 of the culvert receiver is sized to interface with a culvert. The substantiallyconcave shape 182 flares outward, substantially parallel to each side. At least onealignment key 168 is preferably used to retain a single open liner section relative to theliner end 178 of theculvert receiver 176. Thekey slot 164 is preferably formed in at least one side of eachculvert receiver 180 at theliner end 178 to receive the at least onealignment key 168. One type of alignment key is shown inFIGS. 30-32 , but other types of alignment keys may also be used, such as those previously disclosed in this application. - With reference to
FIGS. 33-36 , asecondary flow connector 184 includes afirst end extension 186, asecond end extension 188 and aside extension 190. Thefirst end extension 186, thesecond end extension 188 and theside extension 190 are sized to interface with an open liner section. A cross section of thefirst end extension 186, thesecond end extension 188 and theside extension 190 each include the substantiallyconcave shape 182 formed on a top thereof. The substantiallyconcave shape 182 continues through a middle of thesecondary flow connector 184. The at least onealignment key 168 is preferably used to retain a single open liner section relative to one of the extensions. Thekey slot 164 is formed in at least one side of each extension to receive the at least onealignment key 168. One type of alignment key is shownFIGS. 33-36 , but other types of alignment keys may also be used, such as those previously disclosed in this application. Theside extension 190 extends substantially perpendicularly from thesecondary flow connector 184. However, theside extension 190 may also extend from thesecondary flow connector 184′ at a nonperpendicular angle, as shown inFIG. 34 . - With reference to
FIGS. 37-38 , atrapezoidal ditch liner 192 includes at least one end being nonperpendicular to a side thereof. Angles A and B are preferably equal to each other and less than 90 degrees. The cross section of eachtrapezoidal ditch liner 192 includes the substantiallyconcave shape 182 formed on a top thereof. A plurality oftrapezoidal ditch liners 192 may be placed end to end to form a radius of ditch liners. With reference toFIGS. 39-40 , acurved ditch liner 194 includes a ditch liner with two curved sides and two nonparallel ends. The cross section of eachcurved ditch liner 194 includes the substantially concave shape formed 182 on a top thereof. A plurality ofcurved ditch liners 194 may be placed end to end to form a radius ofcurved ditch liners 194. - While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects, and therefore, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of creating a modular curb liner, comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of curb liner sections, forming a raised edge on one side of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections;
forming a slope from a top of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections to said raised edge; and
retaining said plurality of curb liner sections adjacent each other with at least one alignment key.
2. The method of creating a modular curb liner of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
inserting said plurality of curb liner sections between a roadway and a strip of land.
3. The method of creating a modular curb liner of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
forming a key slot in at least one side of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections to receive said at least one key.
4-12. (canceled)
13. A method of creating a modular curb liner, comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of curb liner sections, forming a raised edge on one side of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections;
forming a slope from a top of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections to said raised edge;
retaining said plurality of curb liner sections adjacent each other with at least one alignment key; and
forming a key slot in at least one side of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections to receive said at least one alignment key.
14. The method of creating a modular curb liner of claim 13 , further comprising the step of:
inserting said plurality of curb liner sections between a roadway and a strip of land.
15. A method of creating a modular curb liner, comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of curb liner sections, forming a raised edge on one side of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections;
forming a slope from a top of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections to said raised edge; and
inserting said plurality of curb liner sections between a roadway and a strip of land.
16. The method of creating a modular curb liner of claim 15 , further comprising the step of:
forming a key slot in at least one side of each one of said plurality of curb liner sections to receive at least one alignment key.
17. The method of creating a modular curb liner of claim 15 , further comprising the step of:
retaining said plurality of curb liner sections adjacent each other with at least one alignment key.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/952,090 US20050271471A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-09-28 | Modular drainage components |
US10/980,542 US20060072970A1 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2004-11-03 | Modular manhole channel liners |
CA 2490824 CA2490824A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-12-22 | Modular manhole channel liners |
US11/377,694 US20060159520A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2006-03-16 | Modular drainage components |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/862,527 US6942424B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2004-06-07 | Width expandable modular ditch liners |
US10/952,090 US20050271471A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-09-28 | Modular drainage components |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/862,527 Continuation-In-Part US6942424B2 (en) | 2002-09-17 | 2004-06-07 | Width expandable modular ditch liners |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/980,542 Continuation-In-Part US20060072970A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-11-03 | Modular manhole channel liners |
US11/377,694 Continuation-In-Part US20060159520A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2006-03-16 | Modular drainage components |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050271471A1 true US20050271471A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
Family
ID=36684052
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/952,090 Abandoned US20050271471A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-09-28 | Modular drainage components |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050271471A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080141335A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Novell, Inc. | Provisioning software with policy-appropriate capabilities |
CN117684514A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心(西南地质科技创新中心) | Prefabricated mud-rock flow modular drainage groove component |
Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US739854A (en) * | 1902-07-12 | 1903-09-29 | Guy M Gest | Combined curb and gutter. |
US1707574A (en) * | 1928-07-12 | 1929-04-02 | Rothmann Charles | Roadway with improved curbstone and gutter |
US2308294A (en) * | 1938-07-11 | 1943-01-12 | John T R Mccorkle | Lining of irrigation ditches |
US2744479A (en) * | 1954-08-25 | 1956-05-08 | Amsler Morton Corp | Soaking pit curb |
US2949655A (en) * | 1957-02-11 | 1960-08-23 | Jose A Berumen | Method and apparatus for making prestressed spun concrete articles |
US3174412A (en) * | 1961-07-19 | 1965-03-23 | Curtis J Boyd | Precast concrete curb and gutter with interlocking joint |
US3608443A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1971-09-28 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Protection of roadbeds from water seepage |
US3854292A (en) * | 1971-09-30 | 1974-12-17 | H Nienstadt | Irrigation ditch liner and method for making same |
US3977802A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1976-08-31 | Structural Accessories, Inc. | Expansion joint and seal |
US4463934A (en) * | 1980-05-14 | 1984-08-07 | Ochoa Pedro S | Safety barriers for highways and the like |
US4660344A (en) * | 1983-11-02 | 1987-04-28 | Gaudelli Edmond N | Apparatus and procedure for forming pre-shaped interlocking cement slabs |
US4844652A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-07-04 | Schrougham Benton | Self-aligning curbing modules |
US5226748A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1993-07-13 | Aco Polymer Products, Inc. | Trench drain channel clip support |
US5443327A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-22 | Neenah Foundry Company | Method and apparatus for forming a lined trench |
US5478165A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-12-26 | Correia; Horacio | Curb paving stone and anchoring system |
US5522675A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1996-06-04 | Abt, Inc. | Method and apparatus for aligning drainage channel sections |
-
2004
- 2004-09-28 US US10/952,090 patent/US20050271471A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US739854A (en) * | 1902-07-12 | 1903-09-29 | Guy M Gest | Combined curb and gutter. |
US1707574A (en) * | 1928-07-12 | 1929-04-02 | Rothmann Charles | Roadway with improved curbstone and gutter |
US2308294A (en) * | 1938-07-11 | 1943-01-12 | John T R Mccorkle | Lining of irrigation ditches |
US2744479A (en) * | 1954-08-25 | 1956-05-08 | Amsler Morton Corp | Soaking pit curb |
US2949655A (en) * | 1957-02-11 | 1960-08-23 | Jose A Berumen | Method and apparatus for making prestressed spun concrete articles |
US3174412A (en) * | 1961-07-19 | 1965-03-23 | Curtis J Boyd | Precast concrete curb and gutter with interlocking joint |
US3608443A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1971-09-28 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Protection of roadbeds from water seepage |
US3854292A (en) * | 1971-09-30 | 1974-12-17 | H Nienstadt | Irrigation ditch liner and method for making same |
US3977802A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1976-08-31 | Structural Accessories, Inc. | Expansion joint and seal |
US4463934A (en) * | 1980-05-14 | 1984-08-07 | Ochoa Pedro S | Safety barriers for highways and the like |
US4660344A (en) * | 1983-11-02 | 1987-04-28 | Gaudelli Edmond N | Apparatus and procedure for forming pre-shaped interlocking cement slabs |
US4844652A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-07-04 | Schrougham Benton | Self-aligning curbing modules |
US5226748A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1993-07-13 | Aco Polymer Products, Inc. | Trench drain channel clip support |
US5443327A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-22 | Neenah Foundry Company | Method and apparatus for forming a lined trench |
US5478165A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-12-26 | Correia; Horacio | Curb paving stone and anchoring system |
US5522675A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1996-06-04 | Abt, Inc. | Method and apparatus for aligning drainage channel sections |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080141335A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Novell, Inc. | Provisioning software with policy-appropriate capabilities |
CN117684514A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心(西南地质科技创新中心) | Prefabricated mud-rock flow modular drainage groove component |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20060159520A1 (en) | Modular drainage components | |
US20050271472A1 (en) | Width expandable modular ditch liners | |
US6817807B1 (en) | Modular ditch liners | |
US6170796B1 (en) | Mold and associated method for making a drainage channel | |
US7491015B2 (en) | Outwardly dished end plate for stormwater chamber | |
US20210156132A1 (en) | Channel drain | |
US5836716A (en) | Drainage pipe | |
US20050271473A1 (en) | Width expandable modular erosion control tile system and roadway boundary marker | |
US6203245B1 (en) | Culvert end guard | |
US20050025572A1 (en) | Modular trench drain | |
US6991404B2 (en) | Closed modular ditch liners | |
US20050271471A1 (en) | Modular drainage components | |
US20060072970A1 (en) | Modular manhole channel liners | |
CA2490824A1 (en) | Modular manhole channel liners | |
JPH11323986A (en) | Manhole for sloping place | |
US11549254B1 (en) | Deck drain system | |
KR19990041381U (en) | Road Sump Assembly with Sedimentation Tank | |
KR200330081Y1 (en) | flume | |
KR940006801Y1 (en) | Plastic drainage tube | |
KR200333114Y1 (en) | The dredging container for rain container | |
KR20090014932A (en) | Drain induction device for drain pipe | |
KR200251414Y1 (en) | Drain ditch | |
JP2949276B2 (en) | Invert for manhole | |
TWM655504U (en) | Groove limit block | |
JP2005240404A (en) | Side ditch block |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |