US2004040A - Air cooling system for motors - Google Patents

Description

June 4, 1935.

J. G. omTlLy-i'hc AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS Filed Jan. 5, 1933 5 s t -sh et 1 IINVENTOR June 1935- J. G. DI NTILHAC 2,004,040

AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS I Filed Jan. 5, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 deargioorgcs Dincilhac ATTO l;

June 4, 1935. J. G. DINTILHAC 2,004,040

- AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS Filed Jan. 5, 1 953 S SheetS S heet 3 III L a I a? NNNNN To? v -'"Jean Georges Dinrilhac June 4, 1935. J. GVDINTILHAC AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS I Filed Jan. 5, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Illilllllll III \Illlil.

Jean Geo W rges Diniflhc ATTO EY Julie 1935. J. a. DINTILHAC 2,004,040

AIR CO0LING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS Filed Jan. 5, 1953 5 Shets-Sheet 5 1 Patented June .4, 1935 PATENT OFFICE 2,004,040 AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS Jean Georges Dintilhac,

to Society Yacco S.

I Application January 5,

Paris, France, assignor A. F., Paris, France 1933, Serial No. 650,357

In Belgium January 27, 1932 22 Claims.

The present invention relates to air-cooling systems for motors and, more particularly, for motors of thestar type such as are in common use in aviation.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a cooling systemoperative to cool the diiferent parts of the cylinder walls in such a manner that the temperature of these walls may be everywhere approximately maintained at the same value. A o

A further object is to provide a cooling system preventing excessive cooling of the'front parts of the cylinders. where they come in contact with the air. l

Still further objects will appear in the course of the detailed description nowto be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in

Figure 1 is a section taken on line l'- l of Figure 2 (to be described) and showing one illustrative embodiment of the invention applied to an aviationmotor; i i I 4 I Figure 2 is a front elevation of the cooling system represented in Figure 1; I i

Figure 3 represents, in a section taken on' line 33 of Figure 4 (to be described), a second possible form of the invention;

Figure 4 is afront elevation of the assembly shown in Figure 3 with certain parts removed;

Figure 5 is a partial section taken on line 5-5 of Figure 6 and showing a third form of the invention;

Figure 6 is a front elevation of the cooling system illustrated in Figure 5 with certain parts removed; 7

Figure 7 is a section taken on line'l-I of Figure 6 and showing a detail;

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic transverse section through a cylinder fitted with still another form of cooling assembly; v

Figure 9 illustrates, in the same manner as Figure 8, a modification of the latter;

Figure 10 is a front elevation of the form of cooling system shown in Figure 9;

Figures 11 and 12 illustrate in the same manneras Figures 9 and 10 still another modification of the cooling system represented in Figure 8; v Figure l3 represents,.in, transverse section, a third modification of the cooling system illustratedrin Figure 8.. i v

Figure 14 is a plan view, partially in section, of a star type of aviation motor fitted with a cooling system similar to that shown in Figure and adjacent to the Figure 15 is a front elevation of thestructure shown in. Figure 14 with certain parts removed.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings there is shown an assembly composed of the fol-. lowinr elements:

A cylindrical hood a enclosing a plurality of radially positioned cylinders b; a fixed front wall 0 having a plurality of diverging slots a" formed therein, the walls of the slots being radial; a screen at mounted to slide imappropriate flanges 10 formed on elements a or c and having a plurality of slots formed therein corresponding in shape to openings 0 a deflector or guard gbent to conform to the shape of cylinders b and covering the lower partthereof; an annular heating 15 tube "e communicating with the exhaust ports of the various cylinders and positioned-in front, central portion, of element 0; and a Bowden wire e operativeto displace screen d and having its control tioned adjacent the pilot. Assuming that orifices c arepositioned in line with cylinders b, inspection of the drawings will show that air, impinging on the front portion of the cylinder is deflected away from the lower parts of the cylinders by screens 0, thus ensuring a more effective cooling of the cylinderheads'. At the same time, since slots 0 and (1 are divergent, I a greater volume of air strikes the cylinder heads than those portions situated I below the latter. Finally, the exhaust gases circulating in annular chamber e serve to pre-heaft the air flowing toward the motor adjacent guards or screens 9. In order to further increase the differential cooling between the cylinder heads and the rest of the cylinders, the propeller ma be provided with a divergent head i tending to direct the air radially, outward. i

From the foregoing, it will be seen that each cylinder, being cooled more effectively at one end 40 than the other, tends to have a more nearly equal a temperature throughout the length thereof.

In the cooling system represented in Figures 3 and 4, means are provided for ensuring the cooling of both the back and front portions of each cylinder in such a manner that the temperature of these back and front portions. may also be maintained at approximately the same value, contrarily to what occurs in the motors of the ordinary type, in which the front portions are too much cooled. In this modification, openings c9, instead of lying in linewith the axes of the cylinders, as in Figures '1 and 2,'are-po sitioned to lie\ between adjacent cylinders and the air flowing toward the motor is, deflectedaround towards the extremity posi- 0- eral sheet-metal deflectors q,

ed by a series of slots c with openings and c radially; the cylinder heads will be cooled more than subjacent portions of the cylinders.

The variant represented in Figures and 6 differs from the ones shown in Figs. 3'and 4 only in that posterior radial slots h are eliminated and replaced by a plurality of triangular slots 11 positioned behind the cylinders and formed in a plate 1' co-acting with deflectors h to direct the Here,

air toward the backs of the cylinders. annular exhaust e is placed behind, instead of in front, of the motor, but it is to be understood that it could, equally well, be mounted as shown in Figures 1 to 4. Preferably, openings i are positioned peripherally so as to exert a differential cooling effect on the cylinder heads. Figs. 5 and 6 also illustrate a modified form of front screen capable of replacing those shown in Figures 1 to 4 wherein a first series-of radial slots 09 in the casing are positioned in the manner shown in Figures 3 and 4 (in line with the spaces between adjacent cylinders) and are supplementpositioned in line with some portion of each cylinder. I As shown in Fig.

7 the opening 0 may be opened or closed byshifting the screen d with respect to the front wall 0. Theair projected'backward by the propeller is directed into the motor hood obliquely in the direction of the spaces between indersthrougl'i 'the slots"c by means of deflectors such as those indicated by the reference characters k and m in the screen and front wall respectively. .This form of cooling assembly is fitted with a pair of opposed Bowden cables e permitting rotation of screen (1 in either direction. Screen dis, of course, fitted with slots d coasting The deflectors represented'in Figures 3 to 7 need not take the particular form shown but may be replaced by equivalent structures.

Figures 8 to 13 show a cooling system adapted for use on motor assemblies of any type whatever such as, for -example,- those employed on motor cycles. I

In the cooling system shown in Figure 8, a sheet-metal guard g is placed in front of the cylinder and is flanked by a pair of postero-latpositioned so that air may enter laterally at C and D, flow posteriorly between cylinder 5 and deflectors q and dis charge posteriorly through an opening E. While this assembly acts toeffectivelycool the sides and theback of the cylinder, its tendency is to diminish the cooling effect exerted on the front portions of "the latter.

If it be desired to increase the cooling effect on the front portion of the cylinder, a vertical slot (Figs. 9 and 10) g is provided laterally with respect to the axis of cylinder b and a deflector r acts to direct the incoming air toward the sides of the cylinder. The air currents follow substantially the direction of the arrows in Figure 9 and the front portions'of the cylinder are cooled substantially, to the same extent as the side and rear portions. In order to further assure. a flow of air behind deflector d around the front of the cylinder, a supplemental deflector q may be positionedinside port D so as to divide incoming air current between the sides and the front of the cylinder.

The assembly assnown in-Figure"11 and i2 is substantially the same as that representedin Figadjacent cyl- 7 ures 9 and 10 except that a series of parallel slots 9" provided with oblique deflectors r are positioned across the whole front of the cylinder-and a slidable sheet-metal screen s is mounted to move across any number of slots 9 desired (the mechanisin for displacing screen s is not shown but will be readily suggested by the screen operating devices shown in Figures 1 to '7).

In the modificationillustrated in Figure 13,

front screen 9' is split into two sections 9 and g separated by an opening F. A screen q serves to divert the incoming air to both sides of the cylinder.

. Figures 14 and show a cooling system of the type represented in Figure 11 applied to the front of a star-"shaped aviation motor assembly, the rear portion of the cylinders being cooled by an assembly of the type represented in Figures 5 and 6. The front shield c is in this case provided with a plurality of parallel slots 9 provided with deflectors r as in the arrangement shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Positioned in front of the shield c is a shield 8 having fan shaped portions. The shield s is movable about a central axis one way or the other by means of Bowden cables e so as to cover or close any number of the slots g as the operator may deem expedient.

The invention is not to be taken as limited to the particular structures shown in any figure of the drawings: thus, heating chambers may be placed either in front or behind the motor as shown in Figures 1 and 2 or 5 and 6; rear deflectors h irrFiguresTB and 4 may replace assembly h, i in Figures 5 and 6 or 14 and 15 and vice versa; any one of the assemblies shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10, 11 and 12 or 13 may be used interchangeably in whole or in part; the front portion of the replaced by any one, of those represented in Figures 8,9 or 13 and the rear system by one of the type shown inFigure 3.

The phrase level of the base of the cylinders as used in some of the claims is intended to mean the level where the cylinder joins with the crank case.

Whatever be the manner chosen to practically put the invention into realization, it is clearly understood that said invention permits of obtaining, in every case, for the cylinder walls, a substantially constant temperature in all points, and of avoiding that said temperature may be lowered under a value for which condensation of the fuel in the oil would occur.

What I claim is:-

1. In combination with the cylinder of a motor, a screen positioned to intercept air flowing toward said cylinder and acting to deflect saidair into the spaces situated on both sides of said cylinder, a deflector positioned to receive the air deflected laterally by said screen and to direct said air 'toward the back of the cylinder, said deflector and said screen having a free space formed therebetween permitting the entry of air, and an auxiliary deflector positioned to deflect the air enter- .ing'through said free space toward the front and one side of said cylinder.

2. In combination with the cylinder of a motor a screen positioned to intercept air flowing toward said cylinder and operative to deflect said. air into the spaces situated on both sides of said cylinder, said screen having a slot formed therein and being provided with a deflector portion positioned in line with said slot and obliquely with respect to the screen surface.

3. In combination with a motor'assembly provided with a pair of spaced cylinders and means for directing air against the front of said cylinders, a fixed wall positioned in front of said cylinders and having a first slot formed therein positioned to lie in line with the space between said cylinders, said fixed wall having a second slot formed therein-positioned laterally with respect to said first slot and in line with a portion of one of said cylinders.

4. In combination with a motor assembly provided with a pair of spaced cylinders and means for directing cooling air against the front of said cylinders,'a bent, fixed screen system positioned in front of said cylinder and having a plurality of slots formed therein, means operative to cover said slots, and a deflector system positioned to enclose portions of the sides and the backs of each of said cylinders, said deflector system having openings formed therein permitting the discharge of cooling air therethrough at a point situated behind said cylinders.

5. In connection with an air cooled engine including-at least one cylinder, the combination of a screen positioned in front of said cylinder to prevent cold air from impinging on at least the lower portion of the surface of the front part-of the cylinder normally to said surface, said screen including means to deflect air flowing teward said cylinder into the spaces on either side of said cylinder, and deflecting walls extending on either side of and at the rear of said cylinder for directing said air substantially tangentially onto the rear part of said cylinder.

. flowing toward said 75 6. In connection with an air cooled engineincluding at least one cylinder, the combination of a screen positioned in front of said cylinder to prevent cold air from impinging on at least the lower portion of the surface of the front part of the cylinder normally to said surface, said screen including means to deflect air flowing toward said cylinder into the spaces on either side of said cylinder, and deflecting walls extending on either side of and at the being spaced apart so as toleave an outlet gap between them directly behind said cylinder, said walls directing said air substantially tangentially onto the rear part of said cylinder and allowing it to escape through said gap.

'1. In connection with an air cooled engine including at least one cylinder, the combination of a screen provided with at least one slot positioned in front of said cylinder to prevent cold air from impinging on at least the lower portion of the surface of the front part of the cylinder normally to said surface, said screen including means to deflect air flowing toward said cylinder into the spaces on either side of said cylinder, and deflecting walls extending on-either side of and at the rear of said cylinder, said walls being spaced apart so as to leave between them an outlet gap behind said cylinder, said walls directing said air substantially tangentially onto the rear part of said cylinder and allowing it to escape through said gap. I

8. In connection with'an air cooled engine in cluding at least one cylinder, the combination of a screen positionedin front of at least the lower. portion of said cylinder, said screen being provided with at least one slot, deflecting means located behind said slot for preventing the air that passes therethrough from impinging against the -front surface of said cylinder normally thereto,

said screen including-means to deflect the air cylinder into the spaces on either side thereof, and deflecting walls extending rear of said cylinder, said walls 1 on either side of and said walls being spaced apart so as to leave an outlet gap between them directly behind said cylinder, said walls directing said air substantially tangentially onto the rear part of said cylinder and allowing it to escape in a backward direction through said gap.

9. In connection with an air cooled engine including at least one cylinder, the combination of a screen positioned in front, of at least the lower portion of said cylinder, said screen being provided with a plurality of slots,deflecting means located behind said slots for preventing the air that passes therethrough from impinging against the front surface of said cylinder normally thereto, said screen including means to deflect the air flowing toward said cylinder into the spaces on either side of said cylinder, and deflecting walls extending on either side of and at the rear of said cylinder, said walls being spaced apart so as to leave an outlet gap between them directly behind said cylinder, said walls directing said air substantially tangentially onto the rear part of said cylinder and allowing it to escape through said p- 10. In connection with an air cooled engine including at least one cylinder,the combination'of a screen positioned in front of at least the lower portion of said cylinder, said screen being provided with a plurality of slots, deflecting means located behind said slots for preventing the air that passes therethrough from impinging against the rent surface of said cylinder normally thereto, said screen including means to deflect the air flowing toward said cylinder into the spaces on either side of saidcylinder, deflectingwalls exending on either side of and at the rear of said cylinder, said walls being spaced" apart so as to leave an outlet gap between them directly behind said cylinder, said walls directing said air substantially tangentially onto the rear part of said at the rearof said cylinder, I

cylinder, and allowing it to escape through said gap, and a deflecting element located on one side of said screen and between it and said cylinder to cluding a plurality of radial cylindersf the combination of astationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, said screen being provided with a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders,-deflecting means behind said apertures for directing the flow of air that passes therethrough substantially tangentially onto the rear parts of said cylinders, and rotary means, coaxially mounted with respectto said cylinders, for closing said apertures.

12. In connection with an air cooled engine includinga plurality of radial cylinders, the combination of a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, said screen being provided with. a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders, deflecting means behind said apertures for directing the streams of air that passtherethrough substantially tangentially onto the rear parts of said cylinders, a rotary shutter provided with apertures corresponding with those of said screen coaxially mounted adjacent to said screen and means for moving said shutter with respect to said screen, whereby the first mentioned apertures can be opened or closed.

' ders, said screen 13., In connection with an air cooled engine including a plurality of radial cylinders, the com-.

bination of a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, said screen being provided with a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders respectively, a deflecting wall extending between said cylinders and to the rear thereof'for directing the streams of air that pass through said apertures, substantially tangentially onto the rear parts of said cylinders, said deflecting wall being provided with outlet openings located directly behind said cylinders for the escape of said streams of air, a rotary shutter provided with apertures corresponding with those of said screen coaxially mounted in adjacent relation to said screen, and means for moving said shutter with respect to said screen, whereby the first mentioned apertures can be opened or closed.

14'. In connection with an air cooled engineincluding a plurality of radial cylinders, the combination of a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, said screen being provided with at least one radial slot in front of a portion of each cylinder and with a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders'respectively,

a deflecting wall extending between said cylinders for directing the streams of air that pass through saidaapertures substantially tangentially 'onto the rear parts of said cylinders, said deflecting wall :being provided with outlet openings located behind said cylinders for the escape of said streams of air, a rotary shutter provided with apertures corresponding with those of said screen mounted coaxially with said screen in adjacent relation thereto, and means for moving said shutter with respect to said screen, whereby the first mentioned apertures can be opened or closed.

15. In connection with an air cooled engine in cluding a plurality'of radial cylinders, the combination of a stationary screen positioned in front of at least and to the rear thereof being provided with a plurality of radial slots in front of each cylinder and with a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders respectively, a p lu' rality of deflectors carried by said screen behind said slots for directing the air flowing toward said-cylinders obliquely onto the cylinders, a. defleeting wall extending between said cylinders and to the rear thereof for directing the streams of air that pass through said apertures substantially tangentially onto cylinders, said deflecting wall being provided with outlet openings located directly behind said cylindersfor the escape .of said streams of air, a rotary shutter provided with apertures corresponding with those of said screen mounted coaxially with said screen in adjacent relation thereto, and means for moving said shutter with respect to said screen whereby the first mentioned apertures can be opened and closed.

16. In combination with the cylinder of a motor, a screenpositioned to intercept air flowing toward said cylinder and acting to deflect said I air into the spaces situated on both sides of said the lower, portions of said cylinthe rear parts of said.

cylinder, said screen having a slot formed therein, and means operative to cover said slot.

17. In combination with an air cooled engine including a plurality of spaced radial cylinders, a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, said screen being provided with a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders and extending substantially to the level of the base of the cylinders and adapted to admit the cooling air in a substantially tangential direction against the walls of the cylinders.

18. In combination with an air cooled engine including a plurality of radial cylinders, a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, said screen being provided with cated in front of the spaces between said cylinders and adapted to admit the cooling air in a substantially tangential direction against the walls of the cylinders, and means for regulating the air flow passing through said apertures.

19. In combination with an air' cooled engine including a plurality of radial cylinders, a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said eylinders, said screen being provided with a plurality of apertures located in front of the spaces between said cylinders and adapted to admit the cooling air. in asubstantially tangential direction against the walls of the cylinders, and rotary means, coaxially mounted with respect to said cylinders, for regulating the air flow passing through said. apertures.

' 20. In combination with an air cooled engine including at least one cylinder, a screen positioned in front of said cylinder to prevent cold air from impinging on at least the lower portion of the surface of the front part of the cylinder, said screen being provided laterally of the cylinder with means to admit the cooling air along the whole axis of-the cylinder and in a direction transversely of the axis and substantially tanincluding at least one cylinder, a screen positioned in front of said cylinder to prevent cold air from impinging on at least the lower portion of the surface of the front part of the cylinder, said screen being provided laterally of the cylinder with means to admit the cooling air along the whole axis of .the cylinder and in a direction transversely of the axis and substantially tangential to the walls of the cylinder, and means for regulating the air flow admitted against the cylinder.

22. In combination with an air cooled engine including a plurality of radial cylinders, the combination of a stationary screen positioned in front of at least the lower portions of said cylinders, 1

JEAN GEORGES DIN'I'ILHAC.

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