US20040255008A1 - System for low power operation of wireless LAN - Google Patents

System for low power operation of wireless LAN Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20040255008A1
US20040255008A1 US10/419,656 US41965603A US2004255008A1 US 20040255008 A1 US20040255008 A1 US 20040255008A1 US 41965603 A US41965603 A US 41965603A US 2004255008 A1 US2004255008 A1 US 2004255008A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
client
data
wireless
wireless client
client unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/419,656
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Claus Olsen
Jeffrey Clark
Chandrasekhar Narayanaswami
Marcel-Catalin Rosu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US10/419,656 priority Critical patent/US20040255008A1/en
Assigned to INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NARAYANASWAMI, CHANDRASEKHAR, OLSEN, CLAUS MICHAEL, ROSU, MARCEL-CATALIN, CLARK, JEFFREY W.
Priority to EP04760075A priority patent/EP1616240A4/en
Priority to KR1020057017685A priority patent/KR100872254B1/ko
Priority to TW093110999A priority patent/TWI351195B/zh
Priority to PCT/US2004/012286 priority patent/WO2004095193A2/en
Priority to CN2004800105915A priority patent/CN101069173B/zh
Publication of US20040255008A1 publication Critical patent/US20040255008A1/en
Priority to US11/927,572 priority patent/US7752330B2/en
Priority to US11/926,846 priority patent/US20080046547A1/en
Priority to US11/926,977 priority patent/US20080052548A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
    • G06F15/177—Initialisation or configuration control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
    • G06F1/3209—Monitoring remote activity, e.g. over telephone lines or network connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5681—Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5682—Policies or rules for updating, deleting or replacing the stored data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/62—Establishing a time schedule for servicing the requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/163—In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/165—Combined use of TCP and UDP protocols; selection criteria therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/59—Providing operational support to end devices by off-loading in the network or by emulation, e.g. when they are unavailable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the invention disclosed broadly relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly relates to the field of power management in wireless local area networks (LANs).
  • LANs wireless local area networks
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an example of a known wireless LAN system 100 comprising a wired LAN 120 which comprises a LAN server 124 and a wired Client 122 , both coupled to the LAN by a wireline bus 128 .
  • the system further comprises a plurality of access points (APs) 126 which are similar to base stations in a cellular system.
  • Wireless Client Units 132 typically communicate with the access points 126 over the air in an unlicensed frequency such as the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band.
  • APs 126 are connected to an Ethernet hub or LAN server and transmit radio frequency signals over an area of up to a thousand feet which can penetrate walls and other non-metal barriers.
  • Roaming users can be handed off from one access point 126 to another as in a cellular mobile phone system.
  • Laptops use wireless modems that plug into an existing Ethernet interface or that are self-contained on PC cards, while stand-alone desktops and servers use plug-in cards.
  • WLAN Clients or STAs in 802.11 parlance
  • an access point (AP) 126 connects the Wireless Client Units 132 to another network medium, typically a wired Ethernet medium.
  • the role of the APs 126 is to synchronize the Wireless Client Units 132 on a common time base and to buffer packets on behalf of the Wireless Clients 132 as well as coordinate delivery of the packets to the Clients 132 . Synchronization is maintained by a beacon signal which is launched by the AP 126 typically every 102.4 ms.
  • the AP 126 provides support for the Clients 132 operating in one of two power modes, namely the Constant Awake Mode (CAM) and the Power Save (PS) mode.
  • CAM Constant Awake Mode
  • PS Power Save
  • Clients 132 are registered with the AP 126 as constantly being in the “Awake” state which means they must always be monitoring the wireless medium. Accordingly, the AP 126 may send packets to the Client 132 at any given time. Since the receiver of Client unit 132 is always on in the Constant Awake Mode, this mode also consumes the most power.
  • Clients 132 are registered with the AP 126 as being in the “Doze” state between beacon signals and as “waking up” temporarily to receive selected beacon signals.
  • the AP 126 must buffer packets destined for Clients 132 that are registered as being in the PS mode.
  • the AP 126 informs Clients in PS mode if there are packets queued up at the AP 126 by including a Traffic Indication Map in the beacon signals that the Client 132 is expected to receive.
  • the Client 132 in PS mode will poll the AP 126 to retrieve the queued-up packets.
  • Clients 132 operating in the PS mode may have significantly lower power consumption. Clients 132 can further reduce their power consumption by skipping beacon signals. Clients 132 may do so after first informing the AP 126 of their intention by passing a parameter known as the ListenInterval to the AP 126 .
  • the power consumption, Pdoze, in the wireless interface when the Client 132 is in the Doze state is much less than power consumption when the Client 132 is in the Awake state, or Pawake.
  • the average power consumption, P follows this formula:
  • TCP/IP Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  • TCP/IP Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  • An endpoint is defined as an IP address and TCP port number pair.
  • An association of two distinct endpoints is called a TCP connection and the TCP protocol defines the mechanisms for establishing connections, for reliable data delivery, and for terminating connections.
  • the TCP is a symmetric protocol (i.e., the same connection guarantees reliable data delivery in both directions; either one of the two endpoints can initiate the establishment or termination of a connection; and the protocol provides for simultaneous open and close).
  • client and ‘server,’ respectively, and refer to the data flow from the server to the client only.
  • Reliable data packet delivery is accomplished via two means.
  • the client must acknowledge each DATA packet it receives from the server, typically one ACK packet (used to acknowledge the error-free receipt of transmitted data) for every two DATA packets.
  • the server will only send a limited number of DATA packets while allowing for the ACK packet(s) to be received later.
  • the maximum number of outstanding, i.e. non-ACKed, data packets expands according to a congestion window size (CWND) algorithm, as explained below. This algorithm, however, restarts for every new network connection that is established at the TCP level.
  • FTP File Transfer Protocol
  • the client may issue the command “get ⁇ file_name>” on the command connection, the first connection established between the FTP client and server.
  • a second TCP connection called the data connection, is established between the client and the FTP server, and upon receipt of the entire file, the data TCP connection is torn down.
  • the FTP service is configured to use passive-mode, (as most anonymous FTP servers and clients, such as Netscape, are configured today), the following describes the dynamics of the packet transfer between the client and the server as well as the CWND algorithm during the lifetime of the connection.
  • SYN synchronization
  • the server must respond immediately with a SYN packet, which must also acknowledge (ACK) the receipt of the client SYN packet.
  • ACK acknowledge
  • the server initializes its CWND variable to a value of one.
  • the client acknowledges the SYN/ACK packet immediately, by sending an ACK packet.
  • all ACK packets are cumulative.
  • the server increases its CWND by one, as specified by the CWND algorithm.
  • the server will send two data packets (if the requested file is large enough).
  • the server increases its CWND by one for every ACK it receives, up to a very large limit, and it sends the maximum number of packets allowed by the current CWND, the last ACK, and the file size; the client sends an ACK packet for every two data packets it receives, or after a system-dependent timeout expires (typically 100 ms), if there is any unacknowledged data received.
  • the CWND algorithm is substantially more complex, due to its handling of extraordinary events, such as packet loss and reorder or idle timeout expirations, when CWND is reduced, such as halved or reset to one, and its upper limit reset to a lower limit, such as its value before the event.
  • extraordinary events such as packet loss and reorder or idle timeout expirations
  • CWND is reduced, such as halved or reset to one
  • upper limit reset to a lower limit
  • the Client 132 is slow to receive the SYN/ACK packet, its transmission of the first ACK packet will be delayed. And then if the Client 132 is slow to receive the first two DATA packets it will also be slow to acknowledge them. As the CWND grows larger, and the instantaneous throughput increases, the AP 126 is queuing up an increasing number of DATA packets (up to the CWND number of packets). This is occurring while the Client 132 is in the Doze state. The Client 132 may then fetch packets very rapidly after the next beacon signal it receives (when it is in the Awake state).
  • the maximum throughput of 50 maximum sized DATA frames per 102.4 ms beacon is based on measurements performed with an 802.11b wireless LAN client operating in the CAM mode and corresponds to a maximum throughput of 700 kilobytes per second (kByte/s), or about half the speed of the wireless interface itself.
  • the inefficiency is mainly due to 802.11b protocol overhead. TCP/IP frame overhead also contributes.
  • Ttimeout is reset to its original value, say 100 ms, after a DATA packet has been either transmitted or received.
  • the problem with utilizing the CAM mode is an increased power consumption if the Client-server bandwidth is smaller than the wireless bandwidth. As long as there are DATA packets being received, or sent, the Client 132 will remain in the CAM mode for another 100 ms. Therefore, if the overall throughput is slow, the Client 132 will spend excess time in the CAM mode waiting for DATA packets to arrive at the AP 126 . As the Client-Server bandwidth decreases, the power efficiency decreases too.
  • Typical Client-Server throughput on the world-wide web (WWW) is in the range of 25-150 kBytes/second depending on the particular server and its load and on the Client's browser. This throughput may be measured by a web sniffer (software and/or hardware that analyzes traffic and detects bottlenecks and problems in a network) such as IBM's PageDetailer.
  • proxy servers to enhance and support the capabilities of clients. See D. Gourley, B. Totty, “HTTP: The definitive guide”, O'Reilly, 2002, for a good survey of proxy servers and how they function. Proxy servers have been developed for many purposes. Probably, the most well known types of proxy servers are the web cache proxy server and the security firewall proxy server. Other interesting types include proxies for transcoding content to better suit the capabilities of a certain device (such as a PDA), and filtering proxies for blocking access to inappropriate web sites. There are, however, no proxy servers that optimize for power consumption in the clients.
  • An apparatus reduces energy consumption in a wireless client interface by decreasing the amount of time the wireless client interface spends in the awake state and which increases the amount of time it spends in the sleep state.
  • the apparatus comprises: at least one processor for running software configured to communicate with at least one wireless client.
  • the software is configured to: alert the wireless client of the configuration of the apparatus; use a memory space for buffering network application data destined for the wireless client; and release the network application data to the wireless client, based on at least one occurrence of a specified condition that promotes energy savings.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of a prior art wireless LAN system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a representation of a wireless LAN environment wherein a system in accordance with the invention can be advantageously used.
  • FIG. 3 shows a more detailed representation of a portion of the network shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a graphical representation of power consumption using a direct scheme, according to the prior art, and the proxy scheme, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of Web page retrieval using a Proxy Server, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified block diagram of an Application Proxy Server, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram representation of a wireless client, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a block diagram of a communication system or network 200 using a Proxy Server scheme, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 200 comprises a plurality of wireless client units such as Wireless Client 202 . These can be laptop computers, personal digital assistants or other wireless communication devices, wherein battery life is an important consideration.
  • the Wireless Client 202 is connected to an Intranet 214 via an Access Point (AP) 206 that comprises a wireless transceiver for providing wireless communication with a Client 202 .
  • AP 206 is often connected to the Intranet 214 through a Multiport Ethernet Switch 205 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • an Application Proxy Server 204 is also connected to the Intranet 214 and to the AP 206 through the Multiport Ethernet Switch 205 .
  • the Intranet 214 is connected to the Internet 210 via a Gateway 208 . Also connected to the Internet 210 is a Server 212 (called an Origin Server herein).
  • the network 200 uses the TCP/IP protocol to exchange packets.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown an illustration of a more detailed block diagram of the network 200 , according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the Intranet 214 is shown as a Wired LAN 306 such as the one discussed with respect to FIG. 1 except that it now includes a plurality of application Proxy Servers 204 each connected to the AP 206 and the rest of the Wired LAN 306 through Multiport Ethernet Switches 205 .
  • the Wireless Clients 202 are also different from those shown in FIG. 1 in that they are adapted to use the services of the Proxy Servers 204 .
  • the Proxy Server scheme works by prefetching application data from the Origin Server 212 . This causes data to accumulate in the Proxy Server 204 until the wireless Client 202 is able to retrieve the data and until the Proxy Server 204 releases the data. In this fashion, the Client 202 is not required to communicate with the Origin Server 212 in the CAM mode, as now this task is handled by the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Client 202 still has to wait for data packets from the Proxy Server 204 in the CAM mode. But since the Client-Proxy bandwidth (e.g. 750 kBytes/s) is much greater than the Client-Origin Server bandwidth (e.g. 25-150 kBytes/s), the Client 202 may retrieve data packets about 5-30 times faster from the Proxy Server 204 , and therefore spend up to 5-30 times less time in the CAM mode, thereby reducing energy consumption.
  • the Client-Proxy bandwidth e.g. 750 kBytes/s
  • the Client-Origin Server bandwidth e.g. 25-150 kBytes/s
  • the Client 202 may adjust its own Ttimeout to be very small since it knows that the response time of the Client-Proxy connection is very high, due to the high Client-Proxy bandwidth.
  • the only factor that may really impact the response time is the wireless network itself, e.g. due to contention or data loss. Communicating via the AP 206 and the Proxy Server 204 will be fast in comparison to communicating directly with the Origin Server 212 .
  • Ttimeout 25 ms. The net effect of all this is that the Client 202 may significantly reduce energy consumption while in the CAM mode.
  • the Client 202 is configured to detect the presence of the Proxy Server 204 and to adjust its Ttimeout according to whether the Proxy Server 204 is available to cache messages or not.
  • the Proxy Server 204 operates at the application level.
  • a web browser application is used. So in this case, the Proxy Server 204 is a web proxy which uses HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to retrieve web pages and objects from the Origin Server 212 .
  • HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
  • the Client 202 uses HTTP to retrieve web pages and objects from the Proxy Server 204 .
  • FIG. 4 we see two charts 410 and 420 , illustrating the dynamic power consumption (Power) in the Wireless Client's 202 WLAN interface and the number of accumulated DATA packets, NDATA, in two different systems: 1) when the Client 202 is connected directly to the Origin Server 212 , as shown in the Direct scheme 410 ; and 2) when the Client 202 is making use of the Proxy scheme 420 .
  • SYN and FIN represent the initial Client 202 TCP connection request packet and the final Client 202 TCP connection packet, respectively.
  • the remaining “down” arrows ( ⁇ ) indicate the arrival of DATA packets a) at the Access Point 206 and b) at the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Proxy Server 204 accumulates packets at whatever speed they may arrive at the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Client 202 is in the Doze state saving energy.
  • the Web Proxy Server helps reduce the Client 202 power consumption in at least two ways. First, by splitting the TCP connection between client and server into two separate connections, Client-Proxy and Proxy-Server. This split buffers the Client 202 from the negative effects that wide-area network conditions (e.g., limited bandwidth, high latency, packet loss) have on the packet dynamics and its impact on the Ttimeout selection.
  • the benefits of splitting the TCP connections at the Proxy Server 204 apply to any TCP traffic that is mostly unidirectional, towards the Client 202 .
  • the second benefit is specific to Web content and it is illustrated in FIG. 5 which shows a flowchart 500 detailing the process of retrieving and releasing a web page. More specifically, the second benefit stems from the way web pages are constructed, with a main page which may include several other objects embedded in this page.
  • the process begins at step 510 with the receipt of an HTTP request from the Client 202 which wakes up the main thread, ProxyMain(*Object).
  • ProxyMain(*Object) In case of the initial HTTP request, the Web Proxy Server spawns the GetWebObject(*Object) thread in step 512 which fetches the object from the Origin Server 212 .
  • *Object is a pointer to the HTTP request header string.
  • the header includes the Origin Server 212 name, the path name of the object/page, and the cookie, among other things.
  • a subsequent client HTTP request e.g. the Client 202 requests an embedded image in the main HTML page
  • Step 530 is the GetWebObject(*Object) thread. This thread fetches the object from the Origin Server 212 in step 532 , saves it in cache in step 534 and then spawns the ReleaseObject(*Object) in step 536 to release the object to the Client 202 .
  • step 542 the next object is fetched from the Origin Server 212 and then saved in cache in step 544 .
  • step 540 If the current object is parseable, execution returns to step 540 . If the current object is not parseable, the object count is decremented by one in step 546 . If there are more objects to prefetch, then execution returns to step 542 . When all objects have been prefetched, the thread is put into a wait state in step 538 .
  • Step 560 is the ReleaseObject(*Object) thread which releases the object to the Client 202 in step 562 and then terminates the thread in step 564 .
  • ReleaseObject( ) threads are always spawned and immediately terminated upon complete transfer of an object. This enables the Proxy Server 204 to accept multiple successive Client 202 requests, i.e. pipelined requests, in step 510 .
  • the ReleaseObject( ) threads synchronize with each other during servicing of pipelined requests to conform to the HTTP protocol specifications.
  • step 532 assumes that the object has not already been received in an earlier request. If the object is already in cache, then step 532 may simply fetch the object from cache, skip step 534 and jump to step 536 .
  • the flowchart 500 shown in FIG. 5 accounts for releasing web objects based on the condition of receiving the entire object.
  • web data may be released on other conditions as well.
  • another condition could be to release web data based on exceeding a certain amount of buffer space.
  • Yet another condition could be to release web data based on a timeout.
  • the Proxy Server 204 could start releasing web data before it has received an entire object.
  • the number of embedded objects may vary from a few to more than one hundred and depends on the Web page content and the Web design tool(s) used.
  • the Proxy Server 204 may attempt to emulate some of the client actions with respect to parsing the main page and requesting the embedded objects. For example, it is up to the particular implementation of a web browser in which order embedded objects are requested. The same holds true for objects manifesting themselves as a result of executing other embedded objects. Since, in principle, the Proxy Server 204 may know which web browser a Client 202 is using, the Proxy Server 204 can adjust its prefetching policy accordingly to better match the subsequent sequence of requests from the Client 202 .
  • the Client 202 may remain in the Doze state for a longer period and occasionally wake up to determine if there are packets queued up at the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Client 202 stays in the Awake state until it has received all currently released objects from the Proxy Server 204 and that this time interval (Tawake) is significantly shorter than in the non-proxy configuration, as the embedded objects are served from the local Proxy Server 204 cache.
  • the Client 202 will return to the Doze state soon after the last object is retrieved, since the Client 202 can be configured with a low Ttimeout value as packet transfers occur across the low-latency Client-Proxy connection.
  • the Client 202 must be configured (programmed or wired) to detect the presence of the Web Proxy. This is important because the Power Management (PM) mechanism in the Client 202 will depend upon the expectations to the Client-Server latency and server properties as explained earlier. This may be done as follows.
  • a ProxySniffer( ) daemon is using a UDP port. Occasionally, it will broadcast a sniff packet on an agreed upon UDP port and then wait for a response. The sniff packet may contain information about the browser's capabilities and configuration.
  • an Alert( ) daemon is listening on the agreed upon UDP port. When it detects the sniff packet from the Client 202 it responds with its IP address, TCP port and capabilities.
  • the Client 202 then configures the Web browser application to use the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Client 202 selects a suitable Power Management (PM) scheme for the wireless LAN interface.
  • PM Power Management
  • Ttimeout 25 ms in the MAC network layer.
  • the Client 202 must be able to share Proxy Server 204 information with the MAC. This is described later. Note that to prevent the sniff packet from propagating to proxies belonging to other APs, each Proxy Server 204 should be on a different IP subnet, since broadcast packets do not propagate across subnets.
  • the Client 202 should also be able to determine if there are any application network sessions or not.
  • application session context is only known within each application.
  • a more suitable PM scheme may be selected.
  • the WLAN interface may be completely shut down, and then started up again when the user clicks on a hyperlink.
  • a SessionContext( ) module hooks into the TCP protocol layer where it intercepts communication on all the relevant ports, to determine when a connection is opened and closed, by intercepting all communication with the IP network layer.
  • SessionContext( ) also needs to know which application is associated with each port which may be retrieved from known system configuration files or databases.
  • Those skilled in the art of network programming will know how to implement the SessionContext( ) module.
  • tools for retrieving network context are commercially available. For example, the network context can be made available at the user level on a Linux client using shell commands such as ‘netstat-t’, which lists all the TCP connections of the client, their state, and receive and send queue sizes.
  • NAT Network Address Translation
  • Web Proxy could also be an Email Proxy or any other network application Proxy.
  • the Proxy 204 could also be integrated with the Access Point 206 , and that the Proxy Server 204 could be located anywhere else on the Intranet 214 , or even on the Internet 210 . What is important for the sake of reducing power is that there is a high-speed connection between the Wireless Client 202 and the Proxy Server 204 . Therefore, the closer to the Access Point 206 the Proxy Server 204 is, the higher is the connection bandwidth between the Client 202 and the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Proxy Server 204 comprises a Buffer 600 for storing data (or other information) destined for a Client unit 202 .
  • the Buffer 600 is a part of the system memory (RAM) of the Proxy Server 204 , controlled by a Buffer Control Program 602 .
  • a Client Alert Program 608 informs clients of the IP address and other capabilities of the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Buffer Control Program 602 and the Client Alert Program 608 can be implemented as software which executes on a Processor 604 .
  • An Input/Output (IO) Interface 606 will enable communication with clients and other information processing systems.
  • the Proxy Server 204 operates at the network application level, or more specifically at the layer 5 and above the Open System Interconnection (OSI) ISO standard.
  • OSI Open System Interconnection
  • the Proxy Server 204 is a Web Proxy which uses HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to retrieve web pages and objects from the Origin Server 212 .
  • HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
  • the Client 202 uses HTTP to retrieve Web pages and objects from the Proxy Server 204 .
  • the Proxy Server 204 comprises software configured to delay processesing at least some of the data buffered for a client for an amount of time greater than zero based on detected operating parameters of the client.
  • the operating parameters comprise the type of device that the client is such as a mobile telephone or a wireless laptop or palmtop or the operating system used.
  • the Proxy Server 204 can detect these operating parameters by analyzing signals received from the Client 202 .
  • the parameters can be expressly stated in for example metadata or can be inferred from the type of signal received (e.g., the protocol used).
  • the Proxy Server 204 can be programmed to adjust the processing delay by predetermined amounts of time according to the detected parameters.
  • FIG. 7 shows how a Wireless Client 202 may be configured according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a Wireless Client 202 may be configured with components to include a radio-frequency (RF) Transceiver 702 , a Processor 704 , a Proxy Server Detector Program 706 , a Proxy Configuration Program 708 , and a Client Configuration Program 710 .
  • RF radio-frequency
  • a Battery 712 will also be part of the configuration.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
US10/419,656 2003-04-21 2003-04-21 System for low power operation of wireless LAN Abandoned US20040255008A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/419,656 US20040255008A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2003-04-21 System for low power operation of wireless LAN
CN2004800105915A CN101069173B (zh) 2003-04-21 2004-04-20 用于低功率运行无线局域网接口的方法
PCT/US2004/012286 WO2004095193A2 (en) 2003-04-21 2004-04-20 System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
KR1020057017685A KR100872254B1 (ko) 2003-04-21 2004-04-20 프록시 서버 장치
TW093110999A TWI351195B (en) 2003-04-21 2004-04-20 Apparatus for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
EP04760075A EP1616240A4 (en) 2003-04-21 2004-04-20 LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS LOCAL NETWORK INTERFACES
US11/927,572 US7752330B2 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless LAN interfaces
US11/926,846 US20080046547A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for Low Power Operation of Wireless LAN Interfaces
US11/926,977 US20080052548A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/419,656 US20040255008A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2003-04-21 System for low power operation of wireless LAN

Related Child Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/926,977 Division US20080052548A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
US11/927,572 Division US7752330B2 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless LAN interfaces
US11/926,846 Division US20080046547A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for Low Power Operation of Wireless LAN Interfaces

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040255008A1 true US20040255008A1 (en) 2004-12-16

Family

ID=33309553

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/419,656 Abandoned US20040255008A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2003-04-21 System for low power operation of wireless LAN
US11/926,977 Abandoned US20080052548A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
US11/926,846 Abandoned US20080046547A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for Low Power Operation of Wireless LAN Interfaces
US11/927,572 Expired - Fee Related US7752330B2 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless LAN interfaces

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/926,977 Abandoned US20080052548A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
US11/926,846 Abandoned US20080046547A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for Low Power Operation of Wireless LAN Interfaces
US11/927,572 Expired - Fee Related US7752330B2 (en) 2003-04-21 2007-10-29 System for low power operation of wireless LAN interfaces

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (4) US20040255008A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1616240A4 (zh)
KR (1) KR100872254B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101069173B (zh)
TW (1) TWI351195B (zh)
WO (1) WO2004095193A2 (zh)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050131555A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-16 Alcatel Method for waking up a sleeping device, a related network element and a related waking device
US20050188081A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-08-25 Gibson Grant A. Packet sniffer
US20050254451A1 (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-17 Grosbach Roy G Internet micro cell
US20060160508A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-20 Ibm Corporation Method and apparatus for scheduling wireless LAN traffic
US20060171383A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-03 Alexander Davydov Handling incoming data
WO2006082284A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-10 Nokia Corporation Handling incoming data
WO2006086691A2 (en) * 2005-02-10 2006-08-17 Motorola, Inc. A network for providing a streaming service
US20060191435A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2006-08-31 Akiyoshi Fujihara Line concentrator, network-capable apparatus, and communication system
US20060242328A1 (en) * 2005-03-29 2006-10-26 Microsoft Corporation Power management for WLAN
US20070124608A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Intel Corporation System and method for managing power of networked devices
US20070124412A1 (en) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd Method and apparatus for remote discovery of client and access point settings in a wireless LAN
US20070192437A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Research In Motion Limited Method and system for conserving battery power in wireless devices operating in a wireless local area network
US20080052366A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2008-02-28 International Business Machines Corporation System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
US20080095099A1 (en) * 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Alex Kesselman Apparatus, system and method adapted to filter out redundant TCP ACKs in wireless networks
US20080183887A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2008-07-31 Microsoft Corporation Client to server streaming of multimedia content using HTTP
US20090161595A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2009-06-25 Kapsch Trafficcom Corporation System and method for broadcasting application-specific information in wireless local area networks
US7558289B1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2009-07-07 Marvell International Ltd. Method and apparatus for providing quality of service (QOS) in a wireless local area network
US20090196281A1 (en) * 2008-02-04 2009-08-06 Siemens Communications, Inc. ENERGY STAR compliant Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telecommunications network including ENERGY STAR compliant VoIP devices
US20090222327A1 (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Ethan Willis Marketing and delivering financial coaching services
US20090240794A1 (en) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-24 Huaiyu Liu Techniques utilizing a layer-2 proxy for energy-efficient service discovery and connectivity in networks
US20110074552A1 (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-03-31 Savi Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for advanced communication in low-power wireless applications
US20130080499A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication apparatus, communication method, and computer program product
US20130238761A1 (en) * 2012-03-10 2013-09-12 Headwater Partners Ii Llc Distributing content by generating and preloading queues of content
US20140029496A1 (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication terminal, communication method, and computer readable medium
JP2014525154A (ja) * 2011-06-09 2014-09-25 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ ネットワーク構成方法
US20160112545A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2016-04-21 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Tcp link configuration method, apparatus, and device
US20160262201A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2016-09-08 BandwidthX Inc., Mobile device radio management
US9826464B2 (en) 2013-03-26 2017-11-21 Bandwidthx Inc. Systems and methods for establishing wireless connections based on access conditions
US10069928B1 (en) * 2015-01-21 2018-09-04 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Translating requests/responses between communication channels having different protocols
US10187319B1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2019-01-22 Instart Logic, Inc. Automatic configuration generation for a proxy optimization server for optimizing the delivery of content of a web publisher
US10194382B2 (en) 2016-12-27 2019-01-29 Bandwidthx Inc. Auto-discovery of amenities
US10356199B2 (en) 2012-03-10 2019-07-16 Headwater Partners Ii Llc Content distribution with a quality based on current network connection type
US10856151B2 (en) 2016-12-27 2020-12-01 Bandwidthx Inc. Radio management based on user intervention

Families Citing this family (89)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050165909A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-28 Cromer Daryl C. Data processing system and method for permitting a server to remotely access asset information of a mobile client
DE102004040406B4 (de) * 2004-08-19 2008-07-31 Nec Europe Ltd. Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Dienstgüte (QoS) in einem drahtlosen Netzwerk
US20060285494A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-21 Intel Corporation Dynamic link speed control
KR100691447B1 (ko) * 2005-11-23 2007-03-09 삼성전기주식회사 무선랜 스테이션의 수신 모드 제어 방법
US20070230418A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Nokia Corporation Triggering rule for energy efficient data delivery
US7630331B2 (en) * 2006-09-27 2009-12-08 Broadcom Corporation Power control techniques for wireless devices
US7848271B2 (en) * 2007-06-26 2010-12-07 Research In Motion Limited System and method for conserving power for a wireless device while maintaining a connection to a network
US8295277B2 (en) * 2007-06-29 2012-10-23 Cisco Technology, Inc. Analyzing a network with a cache advance proxy
US8155054B2 (en) 2007-07-30 2012-04-10 Aruba Networks, Inc. Supporting idle stations in wireless distribution systems
US9558097B2 (en) 2007-11-13 2017-01-31 Red Hat, Inc. Automated recording and playback of application interactions
US8849944B2 (en) * 2007-11-27 2014-09-30 Red Hat, Inc. Multi-use application proxy
CN101562871B (zh) * 2008-04-18 2011-09-28 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 移动台及其防攻击的方法
US8402111B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-03-19 Headwater Partners I, Llc Device assisted services install
US8346225B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-01-01 Headwater Partners I, Llc Quality of service for device assisted services
US8626115B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2014-01-07 Headwater Partners I Llc Wireless network service interfaces
US8832777B2 (en) 2009-03-02 2014-09-09 Headwater Partners I Llc Adapting network policies based on device service processor configuration
US8340634B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2012-12-25 Headwater Partners I, Llc Enhanced roaming services and converged carrier networks with device assisted services and a proxy
US8635335B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2014-01-21 Headwater Partners I Llc System and method for wireless network offloading
US8275830B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2012-09-25 Headwater Partners I Llc Device assisted CDR creation, aggregation, mediation and billing
US8589541B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-11-19 Headwater Partners I Llc Device-assisted services for protecting network capacity
US8548428B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-10-01 Headwater Partners I Llc Device group partitions and settlement platform
US8406748B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-03-26 Headwater Partners I Llc Adaptive ambient services
US20100188993A1 (en) 2009-01-28 2010-07-29 Gregory G. Raleigh Network tools for analysis, design, testing, and production of services
US8391834B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-03-05 Headwater Partners I Llc Security techniques for device assisted services
JP5587884B2 (ja) 2008-08-06 2014-09-10 モービック・ネットワークス 無線アクセスネットワーク（ｒａｎ）におけるコンテンツのキャッシング
TW201008234A (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-16 Acer Inc Energy-saving method for handheld Internet accessing device, the handheld Internet accessing device, and the real-time message system
US9706061B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-07-11 Headwater Partners I Llc Service design center for device assisted services
US9270559B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2016-02-23 Headwater Partners I Llc Service policy implementation for an end-user device having a control application or a proxy agent for routing an application traffic flow
US10492102B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-11-26 Headwater Research Llc Intermediate networking devices
US10264138B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-04-16 Headwater Research Llc Mobile device and service management
US10326800B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-06-18 Headwater Research Llc Wireless network service interfaces
US10200541B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-02-05 Headwater Research Llc Wireless end-user device with divided user space/kernel space traffic policy system
US9955332B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-04-24 Headwater Research Llc Method for child wireless device activation to subscriber account of a master wireless device
US9565707B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-02-07 Headwater Partners I Llc Wireless end-user device with wireless data attribution to multiple personas
US9557889B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-01-31 Headwater Partners I Llc Service plan design, user interfaces, application programming interfaces, and device management
US9351193B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2016-05-24 Headwater Partners I Llc Intermediate networking devices
US10484858B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-11-19 Headwater Research Llc Enhanced roaming services and converged carrier networks with device assisted services and a proxy
US9647918B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-05-09 Headwater Research Llc Mobile device and method attributing media services network usage to requesting application
US11973804B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2024-04-30 Headwater Research Llc Network service plan design
US10841839B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2020-11-17 Headwater Research Llc Security, fraud detection, and fraud mitigation in device-assisted services systems
US11985155B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2024-05-14 Headwater Research Llc Communications device with secure data path processing agents
US10715342B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2020-07-14 Headwater Research Llc Managing service user discovery and service launch object placement on a device
US11218854B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2022-01-04 Headwater Research Llc Service plan design, user interfaces, application programming interfaces, and device management
US9571559B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-02-14 Headwater Partners I Llc Enhanced curfew and protection associated with a device group
US10064055B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-08-28 Headwater Research Llc Security, fraud detection, and fraud mitigation in device-assisted services systems
US10779177B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2020-09-15 Headwater Research Llc Device group partitions and settlement platform
US10248996B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-04-02 Headwater Research Llc Method for operating a wireless end-user device mobile payment agent
US8793758B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2014-07-29 Headwater Partners I Llc Security, fraud detection, and fraud mitigation in device-assisted services systems
US10057775B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-08-21 Headwater Research Llc Virtualized policy and charging system
US9392462B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2016-07-12 Headwater Partners I Llc Mobile end-user device with agent limiting wireless data communication for specified background applications based on a stored policy
US10237757B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-03-19 Headwater Research Llc System and method for wireless network offloading
US9253663B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2016-02-02 Headwater Partners I Llc Controlling mobile device communications on a roaming network based on device state
US9578182B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-02-21 Headwater Partners I Llc Mobile device and service management
US9858559B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-01-02 Headwater Research Llc Network service plan design
US9572019B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-02-14 Headwater Partners LLC Service selection set published to device agent with on-device service selection
US10783581B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2020-09-22 Headwater Research Llc Wireless end-user device providing ambient or sponsored services
US9980146B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-05-22 Headwater Research Llc Communications device with secure data path processing agents
US9954975B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-04-24 Headwater Research Llc Enhanced curfew and protection associated with a device group
US8745191B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2014-06-03 Headwater Partners I Llc System and method for providing user notifications
US9755842B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2017-09-05 Headwater Research Llc Managing service user discovery and service launch object placement on a device
US10798252B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2020-10-06 Headwater Research Llc System and method for providing user notifications
US8488501B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2013-07-16 Microsoft Corporation Network assisted power management
US9043467B2 (en) * 2009-01-30 2015-05-26 Movik Networks Adaptive chunked and content-aware pacing of multi-media delivery over HTTP transport and network controlled bit rate selection
CN102282550A (zh) * 2009-01-30 2011-12-14 莫维克网络公司 应用和使用以及无线链路感知传输网络调度程序
US8892631B2 (en) 2009-04-09 2014-11-18 International Business Machines Corporation System and method of optimizing digital media processing in a carrier grade web portal environment
US20110116483A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Yong Sang Lee Tcp data throughout enhancement for wlan clients on a wireless lan router
CN101998682A (zh) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种个人网设备获取业务内容的装置、方法及相关装置
US20110202634A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Surya Kumar Kovvali Charging-invariant and origin-server-friendly transit caching in mobile networks
US9204409B2 (en) * 2010-02-22 2015-12-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for device synchronization and power conservation in a wireless communication system
WO2012012334A2 (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Movik Networks Content pre-fetching and cdn assist methods in a wireless mobile network
US8565076B2 (en) 2010-09-24 2013-10-22 Movik Networks Destination learning and mobility detection in transit network device in LTE and UMTS radio access networks
WO2011113383A2 (zh) 2011-04-26 2011-09-22 华为终端有限公司 一种业务处理的方法和服务器
KR101796532B1 (ko) 2011-06-22 2017-11-10 삼성전자주식회사 수면 모드 제어를 통한 에너지 절감 시스템 및 시스템의 동작 방법
US20130109314A1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-02 Nokia Corporation Method, apparatus, and computer program product for stopping reception of discovery responses in wireless networks
CN103138959A (zh) * 2011-11-24 2013-06-05 华为技术有限公司 网络通信设备的节能方法、装置和系统
CN103297917A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-11 华为终端有限公司 基于无线局域网络的信息推送方法、装置及系统
US9729650B2 (en) * 2012-05-18 2017-08-08 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Providing data to a network terminal
KR102036579B1 (ko) * 2012-11-09 2019-10-28 삼성전자주식회사 무선 통신 시스템에서 웹 서비스 제공 방법 및 장치
US9584411B2 (en) 2012-12-06 2017-02-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Power save mechanism for low-power network devices
WO2014159862A1 (en) 2013-03-14 2014-10-02 Headwater Partners I Llc Automated credential porting for mobile devices
WO2014200631A1 (en) 2013-06-11 2014-12-18 Seven Networks, Inc. Optimizing keepalive and other background traffic in a wireless network
US9065765B2 (en) * 2013-07-22 2015-06-23 Seven Networks, Inc. Proxy server associated with a mobile carrier for enhancing mobile traffic management in a mobile network
US9787564B2 (en) 2014-08-04 2017-10-10 Cisco Technology, Inc. Algorithm for latency saving calculation in a piped message protocol on proxy caching engine
US10516617B2 (en) * 2014-11-10 2019-12-24 APS Technology 1 LLC Network throughput
CN105050164A (zh) * 2015-01-16 2015-11-11 中国矿业大学 基于数据重要性的降低wifi功耗方法
CN105391872B (zh) * 2015-10-13 2019-01-18 北京大学 基于重构技术实现多应用网络请求能耗优化的方法
BR112020021747A2 (pt) * 2018-06-07 2021-01-26 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. servidores locais para gerenciar configurações de proxy em redes intermitentes
WO2019236093A1 (en) * 2018-06-07 2019-12-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Local servers to manage storage across client devices in an intermittent network
US11528342B2 (en) * 2019-10-02 2022-12-13 APS Technology 1 LLC Invoking a random linear network coding communications protocol

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5940855A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-08-17 Sun Microsystems, Inc. System and method for determining relative cache performance in a computer system
US5991287A (en) * 1996-12-30 1999-11-23 Lucent Technologies, Inc. System and method for providing seamless handover in a wireless computer network
US20030225885A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-04 Comverse, Ltd. Caching for limited bandwidth networks
US20040120301A1 (en) * 2002-12-24 2004-06-24 Kitchin Duncan M. Method and apparatus to establish communication with wireless communication networks
US7154903B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2006-12-26 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) System and method for management of data associated with a dormant mobile terminal
US7269629B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2007-09-11 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for distributing notification among cooperating devices and device channels

Family Cites Families (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9304638D0 (en) * 1993-03-06 1993-04-21 Ncr Int Inc Wireless data communication system having power saving function
GB9304622D0 (en) * 1993-03-06 1993-04-21 Ncr Int Inc Wireless local area network apparatus
US5625882A (en) * 1994-03-01 1997-04-29 Motorola, Inc. Power management technique for determining a device mode of operation
US5794146A (en) * 1996-08-14 1998-08-11 Sharp Microelectronics Technology, Inc. System and method for conserving battery power in a mobile station searching to select a serving cell
US5948066A (en) * 1997-03-13 1999-09-07 Motorola, Inc. System and method for delivery of information over narrow-band communications links
CN1108685C (zh) * 1997-08-06 2003-05-14 塔奇勇公司 预取对象的分布系统和方法
US6393526B1 (en) * 1997-10-28 2002-05-21 Cache Plan, Inc. Shared cache parsing and pre-fetch
US7437725B1 (en) * 1999-01-04 2008-10-14 General Electric Company Processing techniques for servers handling client/server traffic and communications
US20030020758A1 (en) * 1998-04-06 2003-01-30 Larry W. Hinderks Dynamically alterable computer network banner and method of use
US6438585B2 (en) * 1998-05-29 2002-08-20 Research In Motion Limited System and method for redirecting message attachments between a host system and a mobile data communication device
US7209949B2 (en) * 1998-05-29 2007-04-24 Research In Motion Limited System and method for synchronizing information between a host system and a mobile data communication device
US7025209B2 (en) * 1998-05-29 2006-04-11 Palmsource, Inc. Method and apparatus for wireless internet access
US7689721B2 (en) * 1998-05-29 2010-03-30 Research In Motion Limited System and method for pushing information from a host system to a mobile data communication device
US6285892B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2001-09-04 Philips Electronics North America Corp. Data transmission system for reducing terminal power consumption in a wireless network
US7110976B2 (en) * 2000-08-22 2006-09-19 Scott Allen Heimermann Centralized, requisition-driven, order formulating, e-procurement method using reverse auction
US6862630B1 (en) * 2000-08-23 2005-03-01 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Network transmitter with data frame priority management for data transmission
US6772123B2 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-08-03 3Com Corporation Method and system for performing speech recognition for an internet appliance using a remotely located speech recognition application
US6785542B1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2004-08-31 Palm Source, Inc. Resource proxy for mobile wireless electronic devices
US7099346B1 (en) * 2001-05-15 2006-08-29 Golden Bridge Technology, Inc. Channel capacity optimization for packet services
US7126945B2 (en) * 2001-11-07 2006-10-24 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Power saving function for wireless LANS: methods, system and program products
KR100456022B1 (ko) * 2001-11-20 2004-11-08 한국전자통신연구원 비피씨 정보단말을 위한 엑스엠엘 기반 웹 페이지 제공방법 및 그 시스템
US7222175B2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2007-05-22 Intel Corporation Dynamically configurable beacon intervals for wireless LAN access points
US7162513B1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2007-01-09 Danger, Inc. Apparatus and method for distributing electronic messages to a wireless data processing device using a multi-tiered queuing architecture
US7051236B2 (en) * 2002-06-13 2006-05-23 Dell Products L.P. Wirelessly network-connected, battery-powered information handling system featuring prevention of data corruption after wake-up by a network event
US7400912B2 (en) * 2002-10-10 2008-07-15 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Wlan communications system
US7693117B2 (en) * 2002-12-16 2010-04-06 Avaya Inc. Power-saving mechanism for periodic traffic streams in wireless local-area networks
US7199783B2 (en) * 2003-02-07 2007-04-03 Avago Technologies Ecbu Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Wake-up detection method and apparatus embodying the same
US7123601B2 (en) * 2003-02-27 2006-10-17 Nokia Corporation Fast mobile originated call in slotted mode
US20040255008A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-12-16 International Business Machines Corporation System for low power operation of wireless LAN
TWI293842B (en) * 2005-07-25 2008-02-21 Ind Tech Res Inst Method of reducing call establishment delay in wireless network
JP4640812B2 (ja) * 2005-09-29 2011-03-02 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ 無線通信装置及び無線通信方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5940855A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-08-17 Sun Microsystems, Inc. System and method for determining relative cache performance in a computer system
US5991287A (en) * 1996-12-30 1999-11-23 Lucent Technologies, Inc. System and method for providing seamless handover in a wireless computer network
US7154903B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2006-12-26 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) System and method for management of data associated with a dormant mobile terminal
US20030225885A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-04 Comverse, Ltd. Caching for limited bandwidth networks
US20040120301A1 (en) * 2002-12-24 2004-06-24 Kitchin Duncan M. Method and apparatus to establish communication with wireless communication networks
US7269629B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2007-09-11 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for distributing notification among cooperating devices and device channels

Cited By (66)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060191435A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2006-08-31 Akiyoshi Fujihara Line concentrator, network-capable apparatus, and communication system
US7480729B2 (en) * 2003-03-06 2009-01-20 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Line concentrator, network-capable apparatus, and communication system
US7752330B2 (en) * 2003-04-21 2010-07-06 International Business Machines Corporation System for low power operation of wireless LAN interfaces
US20080052366A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2008-02-28 International Business Machines Corporation System for low power operation of wireless lan interfaces
US7716345B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2010-05-11 Microsoft Corporation Client to server streaming of multimedia content using HTTP
US7644175B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2010-01-05 Microsoft Corporation Client-to-server streaming of multimedia content using HTTP
US20080189430A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2008-08-07 Microsoft Corporation Client-to-Server Streaming of Multimedia Content Using HTTP
US20080183887A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2008-07-31 Microsoft Corporation Client to server streaming of multimedia content using HTTP
US20050188081A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-08-25 Gibson Grant A. Packet sniffer
US8285834B2 (en) * 2003-07-11 2012-10-09 Ca, Inc. Packet sniffer
US7386738B2 (en) * 2003-12-15 2008-06-10 Alcatel Method for waking up a sleeping device, a related network element and a related waking device
US20050131555A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-16 Alcatel Method for waking up a sleeping device, a related network element and a related waking device
US8059580B2 (en) * 2004-05-14 2011-11-15 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Internet micro cell
US20050254451A1 (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-17 Grosbach Roy G Internet micro cell
US7558289B1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2009-07-07 Marvell International Ltd. Method and apparatus for providing quality of service (QOS) in a wireless local area network
US20090232082A1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2009-09-17 Sameer Bidichandani Method And Apparatus For Providing Quality Of Service (QOS) In A Wireless Local Area Network
US8559943B2 (en) 2004-06-17 2013-10-15 Marvell International Ltd. Acknowledging receipt of real-time data
US9179365B1 (en) 2004-06-17 2015-11-03 Marvell International Ltd. Method and apparatus for providing quality of service (QoS) in a wireless local area network
US8194580B2 (en) * 2004-06-24 2012-06-05 Kapsch Trafficcom Ag System and method for broadcasting application-specific information in wireless local area networks
US20090161595A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2009-06-25 Kapsch Trafficcom Corporation System and method for broadcasting application-specific information in wireless local area networks
US20060160508A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-20 Ibm Corporation Method and apparatus for scheduling wireless LAN traffic
US8117299B2 (en) * 2005-01-18 2012-02-14 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Method and apparatus for scheduling wireless LAN traffic
WO2006082284A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-10 Nokia Corporation Handling incoming data
US7707291B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2010-04-27 Nokia Corporation Handling incoming data
US20060171383A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-03 Alexander Davydov Handling incoming data
WO2006086691A2 (en) * 2005-02-10 2006-08-17 Motorola, Inc. A network for providing a streaming service
WO2006086691A3 (en) * 2005-02-10 2007-07-26 Motorola Inc A network for providing a streaming service
CN1842027B (zh) * 2005-03-29 2011-05-11 微软公司 用于无线局域网的电源管理的方法
US20060242328A1 (en) * 2005-03-29 2006-10-26 Microsoft Corporation Power management for WLAN
US7631202B2 (en) * 2005-03-29 2009-12-08 Microsoft Corporation Power management of wireless local area network interface devices
KR101159369B1 (ko) 2005-03-29 2012-06-25 마이크로소프트 코포레이션 Ｗｌａｎ을 위한 전력 관리
US20070124412A1 (en) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd Method and apparatus for remote discovery of client and access point settings in a wireless LAN
US7558604B2 (en) 2005-11-25 2009-07-07 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Method and apparatus for remote discovery of client and access point settings in a wireless LAN
DE102006055389B4 (de) * 2005-11-25 2014-11-20 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur dezentralen Ermittlung von Client- und Zugangspunkt-Einstellungen in einem drahtlosen LAN
US20070124608A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Intel Corporation System and method for managing power of networked devices
US20070192437A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Research In Motion Limited Method and system for conserving battery power in wireless devices operating in a wireless local area network
US8433820B2 (en) * 2006-02-10 2013-04-30 Research In Motion Limited Method and system for conserving battery power in wireless devices operating in a wireless local area network
US20080095099A1 (en) * 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Alex Kesselman Apparatus, system and method adapted to filter out redundant TCP ACKs in wireless networks
US20090196281A1 (en) * 2008-02-04 2009-08-06 Siemens Communications, Inc. ENERGY STAR compliant Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telecommunications network including ENERGY STAR compliant VoIP devices
US8306018B2 (en) * 2008-02-04 2012-11-06 Siemens Enterprise Communications, Inc. Energy star compliant voice over internet protocol (VoIP) telecommunications network including energy star compliant VoIP devices
US20090222327A1 (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Ethan Willis Marketing and delivering financial coaching services
US7949588B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2011-05-24 Ethan Willis Marketing and delivering financial coaching services
US20090240794A1 (en) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-24 Huaiyu Liu Techniques utilizing a layer-2 proxy for energy-efficient service discovery and connectivity in networks
US20110074552A1 (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-03-31 Savi Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for advanced communication in low-power wireless applications
WO2011041457A1 (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-07 Savi Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for advanced communication in low-power wireless applications
CN102725779A (zh) * 2009-09-29 2012-10-10 Savi技术公司 用于低功率无线应用中的先进通信的设备和方法
JP2014525154A (ja) * 2011-06-09 2014-09-25 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ ネットワーク構成方法
US9516111B2 (en) * 2011-09-28 2016-12-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication apparatus, communication method, and computer program product
US20130080499A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication apparatus, communication method, and computer program product
JP2013073464A (ja) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-22 Toshiba Corp 通信装置および通信方法、ならびに、プログラム
US20160262201A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2016-09-08 BandwidthX Inc., Mobile device radio management
US9578674B2 (en) * 2011-11-25 2017-02-21 Bandwidthx Inc. Mobile device radio management
US9924559B2 (en) 2011-11-25 2018-03-20 Bandwidthx Inc. System for providing intelligent network access selection for a mobile wireless device
US10356199B2 (en) 2012-03-10 2019-07-16 Headwater Partners Ii Llc Content distribution with a quality based on current network connection type
US9338233B2 (en) * 2012-03-10 2016-05-10 Headwater Partners Ii Llc Distributing content by generating and preloading queues of content
US20130238761A1 (en) * 2012-03-10 2013-09-12 Headwater Partners Ii Llc Distributing content by generating and preloading queues of content
US20140029496A1 (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication terminal, communication method, and computer readable medium
US9544851B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2017-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication terminal, communication method, and computer readable medium
US9253725B2 (en) * 2012-07-25 2016-02-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Communication terminal, communication method, and computer readable medium
US9826464B2 (en) 2013-03-26 2017-11-21 Bandwidthx Inc. Systems and methods for establishing wireless connections based on access conditions
US10187319B1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2019-01-22 Instart Logic, Inc. Automatic configuration generation for a proxy optimization server for optimizing the delivery of content of a web publisher
US10027781B2 (en) * 2013-12-27 2018-07-17 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. TCP link configuration method, apparatus, and device
US20160112545A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2016-04-21 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Tcp link configuration method, apparatus, and device
US10069928B1 (en) * 2015-01-21 2018-09-04 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Translating requests/responses between communication channels having different protocols
US10194382B2 (en) 2016-12-27 2019-01-29 Bandwidthx Inc. Auto-discovery of amenities
US10856151B2 (en) 2016-12-27 2020-12-01 Bandwidthx Inc. Radio management based on user intervention

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20080052366A1 (en) 2008-02-28
TW200536305A (en) 2005-11-01
WO2004095193A3 (en) 2007-06-14
WO2004095193A2 (en) 2004-11-04
CN101069173B (zh) 2010-06-23
EP1616240A4 (en) 2012-01-04
CN101069173A (zh) 2007-11-07
US7752330B2 (en) 2010-07-06
US20080052548A1 (en) 2008-02-28
KR100872254B1 (ko) 2008-12-05
KR20060009237A (ko) 2006-01-31
EP1616240A2 (en) 2006-01-18
US20080046547A1 (en) 2008-02-21
TWI351195B (en) 2011-10-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7752330B2 (en) System for low power operation of wireless LAN interfaces
US11656671B2 (en) Negotiating a transmit wake time
CN1972229B (zh) 远程发现无线局域网中客户端和接入点设置的装置和方法
US8117299B2 (en) Method and apparatus for scheduling wireless LAN traffic
US8661167B2 (en) DMA (direct memory access) coalescing
US6961309B2 (en) Adaptive TCP delayed acknowledgment
US8520694B1 (en) Mobile handset power conservation using connection-release buffering
Yan et al. Client-centered, energy-efficient wireless communication on IEEE 802.11 b networks
Yan et al. Client-centered energy and delay analysis for TCP downloads
US20230280812A1 (en) Power management device, power management system, power management method, and power management program
Yan et al. Client-centered energy savings for concurrent HTTP connections
EP1744495B1 (en) Round trip time estimation
Roşu et al. The power-aware streaming proxy architecture
Yan et al. Ace: An active, client-directed method for reducing energy during web browsing
Hashimoto et al. Experimental evaluation of SCTP tunneling for energy-efficient TCP data transfer over a WLAN
CN113840356A (zh) 无线接入设备的控制方法、装置和无线接入设备
Wilton et al. HTTP-level WLAN Traffic Scheduler

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION, NEW Y

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:OLSEN, CLAUS MICHAEL;CLARK, JEFFREY W.;NARAYANASWAMI, CHANDRASEKHAR;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:014226/0041;SIGNING DATES FROM 20030416 TO 20030422

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION