US20040245021A1 - Down-the-hole drill hammer - Google Patents

Down-the-hole drill hammer Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040245021A1
US20040245021A1 US10/492,213 US49221304A US2004245021A1 US 20040245021 A1 US20040245021 A1 US 20040245021A1 US 49221304 A US49221304 A US 49221304A US 2004245021 A1 US2004245021 A1 US 2004245021A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sleeve
hole drill
drill hammer
hammer according
ribs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/492,213
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English (en)
Inventor
Reginald Taylor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20040245021A1 publication Critical patent/US20040245021A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to down-the-hole drills and particularly to a hammer arrangement therefor.
  • Down-the-hole (DTH) drilling is carried out with a drill-string-mounted hammer into which a bit is fitted.
  • Compressed air is fed to a drill rig and passed through a rotating head through a number of hollow drill pipes connected end to end, with the hammer being connected to the final drill pipe, hence the term down-hole hammer.
  • a piston in the hammer reciprocates, striking the bit and imparting percussive energy thereto, typically at between 15 to 30 times per second.
  • a down-the-hole drill hammer comprising:
  • a sleeve defining a cylinder and defining at least one axially extending rib on the outer surface thereof;
  • said at least one rib in the sleeve is formed integrally with the sleeve, with said at least one conduit comprising a bore drilled in the sleeve.
  • the sleeve and the ribs thereof may be formed by machining or extrusion.
  • the sleeve comprises an inner sleeve defining the cylinder within which the hammer is reciprocable, and an outer sleeve defining said at least one axially extending rib on the outer surface thereof, with said at least one conduit being defined between the inner and outer sleeves.
  • the inner sleeve may be formed from tubing or pipe, with the outer sleeve defining hollow axially extending ribs and being fitted about the inner sleeve.
  • the ribs may be defined by ridges or corrugations in the outer sleeve.
  • the outer sleeve defining the ribs may comprise a relatively thick-walled cylinder having axially extending slots formed in its inner surface adjacent the ribs, the inner sleeve fitting snugly within the outer sleeve to close off the slots, thereby to define the conduits.
  • the slots may be formed by machining or extrusion.
  • the drill hammer may include a shank reciprocable axially relative to the sleeve and having a first end within the sleeve engagable by the piston, and a second end extending beyond the sleeve and adapted to receive a bit.
  • the second end of the shank is preferably threaded to permit a bit to be screwed into position thereon.
  • the portion of the shank extending beyond the sleeve preferably has a diameter greater than the internal diameter of the sleeve, and preferably substantially equal to the maximum outer diameter of the sleeve.
  • one or more of the conduits in the sleeve are designed to carry a flow of fluid to the bottom of the hole being drilled, said one or more conduits extending to the lower end of the wearsleeve and being ported to the exterior of the sleeve.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a down-the-hole drill hammer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the hammer of FIG. 1, showing the porting arrangements thereof in greater detail;
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 are cross sections through four different embodiments of wearsleeves of the hammer assembly illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a partial longitudinal section on the line 7 - 7 in FIG. 3;
  • FIGS. 8 a to 8 d are sectional views corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the operating cycle of the hammer assembly.
  • FIG. 9 is a partial longitudinal section of the bottom end of the hammer assembly, showing the chuck thereof in greater detail.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hammer assembly of a down-the-hole drill arrangement in longitudinal section.
  • the hammer assembly comprises a hollow, generally cylindrical wearsleeve 10 within which is mounted a generally cylindrical piston 12 .
  • the piston 12 is reciprocable axially within the wearsleeve 10 , and has a central axial through-bore 14 .
  • the hammer assembly has a first, bottom end 16 and a second, top end 18 .
  • the terms “top” and “bottom” are used because, conventionally, down-the-hole drilling is carried out downwardly from the surface, so that the end of the hammer assembly which carries the bit will normally be lowermost. However, it should be appreciated that this is not necessarily the case.
  • a cylindrical shaft or shank 20 which is also reciprocable axially relative to the wearsleeve is provided.
  • a first end 22 of the shank 20 is received within a chuck 64 at the bottom end of the wearsleeve and engages the lower end of the piston 12 in use.
  • the shank has a second end 24 which is threaded or otherwise formed to engage a bit 26 , and has an intermediate portion 28 with a diameter which is larger than the internal diameter of the wearsleeve 10 , so that the bottom portion of the shank cannot retract into the wearsleeve.
  • the chuck 64 comprises a short length of pipe or tube of the same external diameter as the wearsleeve 10 , which is welded to the bottom end of the wearsleeve 10 itself at 66 .
  • This is in contrast to conventional methods of threading the wearsleeve and the chuck and screwing them together, which weakens the walls of the chuck and wearsleeve in this region. This issue becomes critical with small diameter hammers, particularly those less than 40 mm in diameter. (Conventionally, the backhead 36 is also screwed into place at the top end of the wearsleeve, and welding can also be used here, with similar advantages.)
  • the welding of the components may be carried out by electron beam, TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas), MIG (Metal Inert Gas) or friction welding, for example.
  • TIG Transmission Inert Gas
  • MIG Metal Inert Gas
  • friction welding for example.
  • the shank 20 also has a central, axially extending through-bore 30 aligned with the bore 14 in the piston.
  • a blower tube 32 extends from the upper end of the shank concentrically with the bores 30 and 14 and is received within the lower end of the bore 14 when the piston 12 approaches the shank 20 .
  • the bit 26 has a central, axial bore 34 aligned with the bore 30 in the shank 20 .
  • FIG. 2 at the top end of the hammer assembly is a backhead 36 which is connected in use to the bottom end of the lowermost drill pipe (not shown).
  • the backhead 36 defines a central, axial conduit 38 which feeds compressed air via a check valve 40 and an air distributor assembly 42 into axially extending conduits in the wearsleeve 10 (see below).
  • the respective conduits terminate in ports within the wearsleeve which are located so that the piston alternately opens and closes the respective ports as it reciprocates.
  • FIGS. 8 a to 8 d The operating cycle of the hammer assembly is illustrated in FIGS. 8 a to 8 d . (This aspect of the operation of the hammer assembly is generally conventional and is therefore not discussed in greater detail).
  • the wearsleeve 10 is formed by milling hollow steel bar and has five equispaced axially extending ribs 44 on its outer surface.
  • the ribs 44 define axially extending channels or valleys 46 between them through which material loosened by the bit 26 can be flushed upwardly, away from the bottom of the hole, by compressed air which is exhausted through the hole 34 in the bit.
  • the outer diameter of the wearsleeve defined by the outer surfaces of the ribs 44 corresponds to, and is slightly less than, the diameter of the hole created by the bit 26 .
  • the wearsleeve 10 comprises a relatively thick-walled inner sleeve 58 of uniform thickness, with a relatively thin-walled outer sleeve 60 fixed around it, with the ribs 44 being formed as “corrugations” of generally rectangular section in the sleeve 60 to define the conduits.
  • the outer sleeve can be formed as an extrusion, or its “corrugations” could be formed in sheet metal which is then folded and welded into a tube.
  • the ports 50 are defined by drilling or cutting apertures into the inner sleeve 58 as required.
  • FIG. 6 The arrangement of FIG. 6 is similar to that of FIG. 5, except that both the inner sleeve 58 and the outer sleeve 60 are formed of relatively thin walled material of uniform and generally equal thickness.
  • one or more of the conduits in the wearsleeve can be designed to carry a flow of fluid, typically water, to the bottom of the hole being drilled.
  • This fluid suppresses dust from the drilling and in sufficient quantity can act as a flushing fluid to assist in carrying material loosened by the bit up the hole, in the valleys or channels between the ribs.
  • the relevant conduit(s) will not terminate in ports in the cylinder, but will extend to the lower end of the wearsleeve and be ported to the exterior of the wearsleeve.
  • the effective diameter of the hammer as a percentage of the bit diameter and thus the hole diameter is maximised.
  • Conventional thinking has been limited to making the hammer diameter a fixed percentage of the hole diameter, for example 90% in the case of large hammers of greater than 200 mm diameter, and 80% to 85% of the hole diameter in relatively small hammers.
  • Preliminary tests suggest that an increase in power of between 10% and 20%, typically in the region of 18%, is available from hammers designed using the principles of the invention.
  • a further advantage of the described ham mer assembly is that by providing a shank 20 which receives the bit 26 but which is a part of the hammer assembly itself and does not need to be replaced each time the bit is replaced, the size and therefore the cost of the consumable bit is substantially reduced, with a corresponding reduction in drilling costs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US10/492,213 2001-10-10 2002-10-10 Down-the-hole drill hammer Abandoned US20040245021A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2001/8324 2001-10-10
ZA200108324 2001-10-10
PCT/IB2002/004154 WO2003031761A1 (fr) 2001-10-10 2002-10-10 Marteau perforateur pour fonds de trou

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040245021A1 true US20040245021A1 (en) 2004-12-09

Family

ID=25589338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/492,213 Abandoned US20040245021A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2002-10-10 Down-the-hole drill hammer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20040245021A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1438477B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE295467T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2463258A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60204160D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003031761A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090260889A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2009-10-22 Rockmore International, Inc. Backhead and drill assembly with backhead
KR101052211B1 (ko) * 2010-10-28 2011-07-27 임병덕 지반 굴착용 공압해머 및 그 슬리브
US8733468B2 (en) 2010-12-02 2014-05-27 Caterpillar Inc. Sleeve/liner assembly and hydraulic hammer using same
EP2857286B1 (fr) 2009-06-29 2017-12-13 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Procédé et système permettant d'aider un conducteur d'un véhicule en cours de fonctionnement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1015798A (en) * 1909-05-06 1912-01-30 Benjamin Hastings Engine for rock-drills.
US1866335A (en) * 1931-02-24 1932-07-05 Monarch Oil Well Air Drill Co Pneumatic well drill
US3131606A (en) * 1962-11-01 1964-05-05 Ingersoll Rand Co Multi-headed piston downhole drill
US5467831A (en) * 1994-08-22 1995-11-21 Spektor; Michael B. Monotube differential pneumopercussive reversible self-propelled soil penetrating machine with stabilizers

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE697466C (de) * 1939-04-20 1940-10-15 Walter Sandmann In das selbsterzeugte Bohrloch einschiebbarer Pressluftbohrhammer
DE29813825U1 (de) * 1998-08-03 1998-10-22 Walter Hans Philipp Bohrhammer

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1015798A (en) * 1909-05-06 1912-01-30 Benjamin Hastings Engine for rock-drills.
US1866335A (en) * 1931-02-24 1932-07-05 Monarch Oil Well Air Drill Co Pneumatic well drill
US3131606A (en) * 1962-11-01 1964-05-05 Ingersoll Rand Co Multi-headed piston downhole drill
US5467831A (en) * 1994-08-22 1995-11-21 Spektor; Michael B. Monotube differential pneumopercussive reversible self-propelled soil penetrating machine with stabilizers

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090260889A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2009-10-22 Rockmore International, Inc. Backhead and drill assembly with backhead
US8006784B2 (en) * 2005-11-03 2011-08-30 Rockmore International, Inc. Backhead and drill assembly with backhead
EP2857286B1 (fr) 2009-06-29 2017-12-13 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Procédé et système permettant d'aider un conducteur d'un véhicule en cours de fonctionnement
KR101052211B1 (ko) * 2010-10-28 2011-07-27 임병덕 지반 굴착용 공압해머 및 그 슬리브
WO2012057432A1 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 Lim Byung-Duk Marteau de forage de sol et son manchon
US8733468B2 (en) 2010-12-02 2014-05-27 Caterpillar Inc. Sleeve/liner assembly and hydraulic hammer using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1438477B1 (fr) 2005-05-11
DE60204160D1 (de) 2005-06-16
EP1438477A1 (fr) 2004-07-21
ATE295467T1 (de) 2005-05-15
CA2463258A1 (fr) 2003-04-17
WO2003031761A1 (fr) 2003-04-17

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STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION