US20040202550A1 - Hybrid compressor - Google Patents
Hybrid compressor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040202550A1 US20040202550A1 US10/805,711 US80571104A US2004202550A1 US 20040202550 A1 US20040202550 A1 US 20040202550A1 US 80571104 A US80571104 A US 80571104A US 2004202550 A1 US2004202550 A1 US 2004202550A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- speed
- rotary shaft
- hybrid compressor
- sealing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
- F04C29/005—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
- F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C27/008—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids for other than working fluid, i.e. the sealing arrangements are not between working chambers of the machine
- F04C27/009—Shaft sealings specially adapted for pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
- F04C29/0085—Prime movers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/45—Hybrid prime mover
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid compressor preferably used in a vehicle air-conditioning system.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-93876 discloses a hybrid compressor that includes a housing, a compression mechanism, a drive mechanism and a transmission mechanism.
- the compression mechanism and the drive mechanism are provided in the housing, and the transmission mechanism is provided outside the housing.
- the compression mechanism sucks refrigerant gas, compresses it and discharges it.
- the drive mechanism includes an electric motor that rotates a rotary shaft through a speed-changing mechanism for driving the compression mechanism.
- the transmission mechanism transmits power to the drive shaft from an external drive source such as an engine that is located outside the housing.
- This reference discloses scroll type and vane type compression mechanisms, an induction motor as the electric motor of the drive mechanism and an electromagnetic clutch as the transmission mechanism.
- the hybrid compressor when the external drive source is in an operational state, the power is transmitted from the external drive source to the rotary shaft through the transmission mechanism to drive the compression mechanism.
- the drive mechanism rotates the rotary shaft through the speed-changing mechanism that reduces the rotational speed of the rotary shaft to drive the compression mechanism.
- the refrigerant gas and the lubricating oil sent from the compression mechanism respectively cool and lubricate the electric motor and the speed-changing mechanism.
- the lubricating oil sent only from the compression mechanism is insufficient for lubricating the speed-changing mechanism.
- the function of the speed-changing mechanism deteriorates after a long period of time, and the efficiency and the life of the hybrid compressor also deteriorate.
- the present invention provides a hybrid compressor that maintains its efficiency and its life even though the hybrid compressor is used for a long period of time.
- a hybrid compressor includes a housing.
- a rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing.
- a compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas.
- a drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism.
- a speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism.
- a sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing the speed-changing mechanism.
- the present invention also provides a hybrid compressor including a housing.
- a rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing.
- a compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas.
- a drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism.
- a speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism.
- a sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing a lubricant storage space partially defined by the speed-changing mechanism.
- the present invention also provides a hybrid compressor including a housing.
- a rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing.
- a compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas.
- a drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism.
- a speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism.
- a sub-housing is located in the housing for housing the speed-changing mechanism and for providing lubricant space to maintain lubricant.
- a sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing the sub-housing between the compression mechanism and the drive mechanism.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hybrid compressor according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hybrid compressor according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a housing of a hybrid compressor includes a front housing 1 , a center housing 2 , a fixed scroll member 11 and a rear housing 3 .
- the front housing 1 is fixed to the center housing 2 .
- the hybrid compressor includes a compression mechanism 10 , a drive mechanism 80 , a speed-reducing mechanism 40 and an electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- the compression mechanism 10 is located in the center housing 2 , the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- the drive mechanism 80 and the speed-reducing mechanism 40 are located in the front housing 1 .
- the electromagnetic clutch 50 as a transmission mechanism is located outside the front housing 1 .
- a first housing includes the center housing 2 , the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 correspond to a first housing main body, and the center housing 2 corresponds to a partition wall.
- the front housing 1 corresponds to a second housing.
- the compression mechanism 10 includes the fixed scroll member 11 and a movable scroll member 12 that are engaged with each other to define compression chambers 13 .
- the fixed scroll member 11 includes a fixed base plate 11 a , a shell portion 11 b and a fixed spiral wall 11 c.
- the shell portion 11 b is fixed to the center housing 2 and the rear housing 3 and is sandwiched between the center housing 2 and the rear housing 3 .
- the shell portion 11 b constitutes the outer periphery of the fixed scroll member 11 .
- the fixed base plate 11 a has a disc shape and is formed integrally with the shell portion 11 b at the side of the rear housing 3 .
- the fixed spiral wall 11 c protrudes from the fixed base plate 11 a toward the center housing 2 in an involute curve.
- the movable scroll member 12 includes a movable base plate 12 a, a movable spiral wall 12 b and a boss 12 c.
- the movable base plate 12 a has a disc shape.
- the movable spiral wall 12 b protrudes from the movable base plate 12 a toward the rear housing 3 in an involute curve.
- the compression chambers 13 are defined by the fixed base plate 11 a, the fixed spiral wall 11 c, the movable base plate 12 a and the movable spiral wall 12 b.
- the boss 12 c is formed on the movable base plate 12 a in the center housing 2 .
- a suction chamber 3 b and a discharge chamber 3 a are defined by the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- a suction port extends through the outer periphery of the fixed base plate 11 a to interconnect the suction chamber 3 b and the compression chambers 13 .
- the suction chamber 3 b is also connected to an evaporator of a refrigeration circuit that is not shown.
- a discharge port 14 extends through the center of the fixed base plate 11 a to interconnect the compression chambers 13 and the discharge chamber 3 a.
- the discharge chamber 3 a is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration circuit that is not shown.
- a shaft hole 2 a is formed in the center housing 2 .
- a rotary shaft 4 is inserted through the shaft hole 2 a.
- a shaft seal device 21 is arranged between the rotary shaft 4 and the shaft hole 2 a.
- the center housing 2 is hermetically fixed to the front housing 1 .
- the rotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported by the center housing 2 via the shaft seal device 21 and a radial bearing 22 .
- a slide key 23 is protruded from the inner end of a large diameter portion 4 a of the rotary shaft 4 and is offset from a central axis S of the rotary shaft 4 .
- a counter weight 24 is fitted to a drive bush 25 that is inserted to the slide key 23 .
- the boss 12 c of the movable scroll member 12 is supported by the drive bush 25 via a radial bearing 26 .
- a self-rotation preventing mechanism 27 is provided between the center housing 2 and the movable base plate 12 a for preventing the movable base plate 12 a from self-rotating.
- the drive mechanism 80 includes a direct current motor (a DC motor) 81 for rotationally driving the rotary shaft 4 and a printed circuit board 87 that has integrated circuits (IC) for controlling the DC motor 81 .
- the DC motor 81 includes a casing 82 , a pair of permanent magnets 83 , a rotor 84 and a brush 85 .
- the casing 82 has a cylindrical shape.
- the outer circumferential surface of the casing 82 is fixed to the front housing 1 .
- the pair of the permanent magnets 83 are fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the casing 82 and face each other.
- the rotor 84 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably provided inside the casing 82 .
- a plurality of salient poles has winding wire and is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 84 .
- the salient poles are arranged around the central axis S.
- the brush 85 electrically contacts the rotor 84 through a sun gear 42 for switching the direction of electric current applied to the winding wire.
- the brush 85 is electrically connected to the printed circuit board 87 via a connector 86 .
- the printed circuit board 87 is connected via a cable 88 to a computer that is not shown.
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 for reducing the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 4 relative to the rotational speed of the drive mechanism 80 transmits driving power from the drive mechanism 80 to the compression mechanism 10 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 includes a planetary gear mechanism that has the sun gear 42 , three planetary gears 43 and an internal gear 44 .
- a part 42 a of the sun gear 42 is fitted into the rotor 84 of the DC motor 81 to rotate integrally.
- External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of a part 42 b of the sun gear 42 .
- a shield bearing 41 is arranged between the sun gear 42 and the center housing 2 .
- the sun gear 42 and the rotor 84 are rotatably supported by the center housing 2 via the shield bearing 41 .
- Internal gear teeth are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the internal gear 44 .
- the internal gear 44 is fixed to the front housing 1 and rotatably supports the sun gear 42 via a shield bearing 48 .
- the three planetary gears 43 are rotatably provided between the sun gear 42 and the internal gear 44 .
- External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of each of the planetary gears 43 and are engaged with the external gear teeth of the sun gear 42 as well as the internal gear teeth of the internal gear 44 .
- Each of the planetary gears 43 is connected to an arm 43 a .
- the arm 43 a is rotatably supported by the front housing 1 via a shield bearing 49
- the rotary shaft 4 is supported by the front housing 1 via a shaft seal device 46 and a shield bearing 45 .
- a space A is substantially defined by the sun gear 42 , the rotary shaft 4 and the center housing 2 and is sealed by the shield bearing 41 and the shaft seal device 21 .
- a space B is substantially defined by the sun gear 42 , the planetary gears 43 and the internal gear 44 and is sealed by the shield bearing 48 .
- a space C is substantially defined by the planetary gears 43 , the arm 43 a , the rotary shaft 4 and the front housing 1 and is sealed by the shield bearings 49 and 45 and the shaft seal device 46 .
- the spaces A, B and C communicate with each other and constitute the internal space of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- Lubricating oil L is stored inside the spaces A, B and C of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and does not leak to the outside due to the above sealing mechanism.
- the shaft seal devices 21 and 46 , the shield bearings 41 , 48 , 49 and 45 correspond to a sealing mechanism.
- a one-way clutch 47 is arranged between the arm 43 a of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the rotary shaft 4 .
- the one-way clutch 47 is the same type of the one-way clutch as disclosed in Japan Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-276775.
- the one-way clutch 47 transmits power from the speed-reducing mechanism 40 to the rotary shaft 4 and blocks power from the rotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the electromagnetic clutch 50 is provided outside the front housing 1 .
- the electromagnetic clutch 50 includes a hub 53 , a pulley 51 and a coil 52 .
- the hub 53 has an armature and is fixed to the outer end of the rotary shaft 4 .
- the pulley 51 is rotatably provided at the front housing 1 via a bearing device 54 .
- the pulley 51 is wound to a belt that is not shown, and the belt is connected to an engine 60 as an external drive source.
- the coil 52 is fixed to the front housing 1 in the pulley 51 . When an electric current is applied to the coil 52 , the armature of the hub 53 moves and is magnetically connected to the pulley 51 , and the rotary shaft 4 is rotated synchronously with the pulley 51 .
- driving power is transmitted from the engine 60 to the rotary shaft 4 .
- the armature of the hub 53 moves away from the pulley 51 , and the rotary shaft 4 is not rotated by the pulley 51 .
- the driving power is not transmitted from the engine 60 to the rotary shaft 4 .
- the drive mechanism 80 drives the compression mechanism 10 .
- the electric current is not applied to the coil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50
- the pulley 51 and the hub 53 is separated from each other.
- the pulley 51 idles, and the driving power is not transmitted from the engine 60 to the rotary shaft 4 .
- the rotor 84 rotates. Since the part 42 a of the sun gear 42 of the planetary gear mechanism is fitted into the rotor 84 , the sun gear 42 rotates integrally with the rotor 84 .
- the arm 43 a is rotated via the planetary gears 43 .
- the rotational speed of the arm 43 a is reduced due to the gear ratio among the sun gear 42 , the planetary gears 43 and the internal gear 44 .
- the rotary shaft 4 rotates via the one-way clutch 47 at the same rotational speed of the arm 43 a . Therefore, the rotation of the rotor 84 is transmitted to the drive shaft 4 via the speed-reducing mechanism 40 that reduces the rotational speed of the rotor 84 .
- Refrigerant gas is introduced from the refrigeration circuit via the suction chamber 3 b to the compression chambers 13 in a suction process and is compressed due to the movement of the compression chambers 13 . Then, the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged from the compression chambers 13 to the refrigeration circuit via the discharge port 14 and the discharge chamber 3 b .
- the engine 60 drives the compression mechanism 10 via the electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- the rotor 84 does not rotate, and the driving power is not transmitted from the drive mechanism 80 to the rotary shaft 4 via the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the electric current is applied to the coil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50
- the pulley 51 is magnetically connected to the hub 53
- the driving power is transmitted from the engine 60 to the rotary shaft 4 via the electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- the compression mechanism 10 is driven as described above. In this way, the engine 60 drives the compression mechanism 10 via the electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- the electric current is not applied to DC motor 81 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 , the drive of the compression mechanism 10 is stopped.
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 that transmits the power from the drive mechanism 80 to the compression mechanism 10 is sealed by the shaft seal devices 21 and 46 , the shield bearings 41 , 48 , 49 and 45 from the drive mechanism 80 and the compression mechanism 10 .
- the lubricating oil L is utilized only for the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and sufficiently lubricates the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the lubricating oil L in the speed-reducing mechanism 40 is substantially prevented from leaking to the outside of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 due to the above sealing.
- the compression mechanism 10 , the drive mechanism 80 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 are protected from the lubricating oil L.
- the drive mechanism 80 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 perform a long life in comparison to the prior art components due to the block of the damage caused by the lubricating oil. For the above reason, even though the hybrid compressor in the first preferred embodiment is used for a long period, the efficiency of the hybrid compressor is hard to deteriorate.
- the shaft seal device 21 is arranged between the rotary shaft 4 and the shaft hole 2 a so that the center housing 2 is hermetically fixed to the front housing 1 .
- the drive mechanism 80 is separated from the compression mechanism 10 , and the refrigerant gas and lubricating oil in the compression mechanism 10 is prevented from invading the drive mechanism 80 . Therefore, the DC motor 81 is utilized as the motor of the drive mechanism 80 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 for reducing the speed of the rotary shaft 4 transmits the power from the drive mechanism 80 to the compression mechanism 10 in the hybrid compressor, the rotational torque of the DC motor 81 can be small.
- the DC motor 81 is miniaturized, and the hybrid compressor is miniaturized due to the miniaturized DC motor 81 .
- the one-way clutch 47 is arranged between the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the rotary shaft 4 in the hybrid compressor.
- the one-way clutch 47 transmits the driving power from the DC motor 81 to the rotary shaft 4 via the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and blocks the power that is applied to the compression mechanism 10 from the rotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the drive mechanism 80 are not load for the compression mechanism 10 , the compression mechanism 10 is prevented from being locked.
- the compression mechanism 10 is located in the first housing including the center housing 2 , the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the drive mechanism 80 are located in the second housing or the front housing 1 .
- the second housing is fixed to the first housing.
- the second housing is only modified and the first housing is shared as a common portion, the structure and the combination of the drive mechanism 80 and the speed-reducing mechanism 40 are modified variously.
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the one-way clutch 47 are alternatively removed from the hybrid compressor, and the rotor 84 of the drive mechanism 80 is directly connected to the rotary shaft 4 .
- the driving power is transmitted from the engine 60 to the rotary shaft 4 via the electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- the rotor 84 of the drive mechanism 80 is rotated in the permanent magnets 83 .
- the drive mechanism 80 generates electric power and function as a power generation mechanism.
- the compression mechanism 10 does not substantially introduce, compress and discharge the refrigerant gas while the compression mechanism 10 is driven, all of the torque of the rotary shaft 4 is substantially utilized for generating the electric power.
- a pulley can be utilized to connect the engine 60 to the rotary shaft 4 instead of the electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- a hosing of a hybrid compressor housing includes a front housing 1 , a center housing 2 , a fixed scroll member 11 and a rear housing 3 .
- the front housing 1 is fixed to the center housing 2 .
- the hybrid compressor also includes a compression mechanism 10 , a drive mechanism 70 , a speed-reducing mechanism 40 and an electromagnetic clutch 50 .
- the compression mechanism 10 is located in the center housing 2 , the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- the drive mechanism 70 and the speed-reducing mechanism 40 are located in the front housing 1 .
- the electromagnetic clutch 50 is located outside the front housing 1 .
- a first housing includes the center housing 2 , the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 correspond to a first housing main body, and the center housing 2 corresponds to a partition wall.
- the front housing 1 corresponds to a second housing.
- the compression mechanism 10 includes the fixed scroll member 11 and a movable scroll member 12 that are engaged with each other to define compression chambers 13 .
- the fixed scroll member 11 includes a fixed base plate 11 a, a shell portion 11 b and a fixed spiral wall 11 c.
- the shell portion 11 b is fixed to the center housing 2 and the rear housing 3 and is sandwiched between the center housing 2 and the rear housing 3 .
- the shell portion 11 b constitutes the outer periphery of the fixed scroll member 11 .
- the fixed base plate 11 a has a disc shape and is formed integrally with the shell portion 11 b at the side of the rear housing 3 .
- the fixed spiral wall 11 c protrudes from the fixed base plate 11 a toward the center housing 2 in an involute curve.
- the movable scroll member 12 includes a movable base plate 12 a, a movable spiral wall 12 b and a boss 12 c.
- the movable base plate 12 a has a disc shape.
- the movable spiral wall 12 b protrudes from the movable base plate 12 a toward the rear housing 3 in an involute curve.
- the compression chambers 13 are defined by the fixed base plate 11 a, the fixed spiral wall 11 c, the movable base plate 12 a and the movable spiral wall 12 b .
- the boss 12 c is formed on the movable base plate 12 a in the center housing 2 .
- a suction chamber 3 b and a discharge chamber 3 a are defined by the fixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 .
- a suction port extends through the outer periphery of the fixed base plate 11 a to interconnect the suction chamber 3 b and the compression chambers 13 .
- the suction chamber 3 b is connected to an evaporator of a refrigeration circuit that is not shown.
- a discharge port 14 extends through the center of the fixed base plate 11 a and interconnects the compression chambers 13 and the discharge chamber 3 a .
- the discharge chamber 3 a is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration circuit that is not shown.
- a rotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported in the center housing 2 via a radial bearing 22 .
- a slide key 23 is protruded from the inner end of a large diameter portion 4 a of the rotary shaft 4 and is offset from a central axis S of the rotary shaft 4 .
- a counter weight 24 is fitted to a drive bush 25 that is inserted to the slide key 23 .
- the boss 12 c of the movable scroll member 12 is supported by the drive bush 25 via a radial bearing 26 .
- a self-rotation preventing mechanism 27 is provided between the center housing 2 and the movable base plate 12 a for preventing the movable base plate 12 a from self rotating.
- the drive mechanism 70 includes an induction motor 71 for rotationally driving the rotary shaft 4 and a printed circuit board 77 that has integrated circuits (IC) for controlling the induction motor 71 .
- the induction motor 71 includes a yoke 72 , a plurality of coils 73 and a rotor 74 .
- the yoke 72 has a cylindrical shape, and the outer circumferential surface of the yoke 72 is fixed to the front housing 1 .
- a plurality of the coils 73 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the yoke 72 .
- the rotor 74 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably provided inside the yoke 72 .
- the coils 73 are electrically connected to the printed circuit board 77 via a wiring and a connector 76 .
- the wiring is partially shown in FIG. 2.
- the printed circuit board 77 is connected via a cable 78 to a computer that is not shown.
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 is provided between the drive mechanism 70 and the compression mechanism 10 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 includes a planetary gear mechanism that has a sun gear 42 , three planetary gears 43 and an internal gear 44 .
- An O-ring 44 a is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the internal gear 44 .
- a part 42 a of the sun gear 42 is fitted into the rotor 74 of the induction motor 71 to rotate integrally.
- External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of a part 42 b of the sun gear 42 .
- the rotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported by the sun gear 42 via a shaft seal device 46 c and a shield bearing 41 .
- Internal gear teeth are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the internal gear 44 .
- the internal gear 44 is fixed to the yoke 72 of the induction motor 71 .
- the sun gear 42 is rotatably supported by the internal gear 44 via a shield bearing 48 and by the yoke 72 via a shaft seal device 46 b.
- the three planetary gears 43 are rotatably provided between the sun gear 42 and the internal gear 44 .
- External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of each of the planetary gears 43 and are engaged with the external gear teeth of the sun gear 42 as well as the internal gear teeth of the internal gear 44 .
- Each of the planetary gears 43 is connected to an arm 43 a .
- the arm 43 a is rotatably supported by the front housing 1 via a shield bearing 49
- the rotary shaft 4 is supported by the front housing 1 via a shaft seal device 46 a and a shield bearing 45 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 is sealed by the shaft seal devices 46 a, 46 b and 46 c, the shield bearings 41 , 48 , 49 and 45 and the O-ring 44 a.
- a space A is substantially defined by the sun gear 42 and the rotary shaft 4 and is sealed by the shield bearing 41 and the shaft seal device 46 c.
- a space B is substantially defined by the sun gear 42 , the planetary gears 43 and the internal gear 44 and is sealed by the shield bearing 48 and the shaft seal device 46 b .
- a space C is substantially defined by the planetary gears 43 , the arm 43 a, the rotary shaft 4 and the front housing 1 and is sealed by the shield bearings 49 , 45 and the shaft seal device 46 a.
- the spaces A, B and C communicate with each other and constitute the internal space of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- Lubricating oil L is stored inside the space A, B and C of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and does not leak to the outside due to the above sealing mechanism.
- the shaft seal devices 46 a, 46 b and 46 c, the shield bearings 41 , 48 , 49 and 45 and the O-ring 44 a correspond to a sealing mechanism.
- a one-way clutch 47 is arranged between the arm 43 a of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the rotary shaft 4 .
- the one-way clutch 47 is the same type of the one-way clutch as disclosed in Japan Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-276775.
- the one-way clutch 47 transmits power from the speed-reducing mechanism 40 to the rotary shaft 4 and blocks power from the rotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the electromagnetic clutch 50 is provided outside the front housing 1 .
- the electromagnetic clutch 50 includes a hub 53 , a pulley 51 and a coil 52 .
- the hub 53 has an armature and is fixed to the outer end of the rotary shaft 4 .
- the pulley 51 is rotatably provided at the front housing 1 via a bearing device 54 .
- the pulley 51 is wound to a belt that is not shown, and the belt is connected to an engine 60 as an external drive source.
- the coil 52 is fixed to the front housing 1 in the pulley 51 . When electric current is applied to the coil 52 , the armature of the hub 53 moves and is magnetically connected to the pulley 51 , and the rotary shaft 4 is rotated synchronously with the pulley 51 .
- the drive mechanism 70 when electric current is not applied to the electromagnetic clutch 51 but is applied to the induction motor 71 , the drive mechanism 70 similarly drives the compression mechanism 10 as described in the first preferred embodiment.
- the electric current when the electric current is not applied to the induction motor 71 but is applied to the coil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50 , the engine 60 drives the compression mechanism 10 via the electromagnetic clutch 50 . Furthermore, when the electric current is not applied to the induction motor 71 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 , the drive of the compression mechanism 10 is stopped.
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 that the speed-reducing mechanism 40 that transmits the power from the drive mechanism 70 to the compression mechanism 10 is sealed by the shaft seal devices 46 a, 46 b and 46 c, the shield bearings 41 , 48 , 49 and 45 and the O-ring 44 a from the drive mechanism 70 and the compression mechanism 10 .
- the lubricating oil L is utilized only for the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and sufficiently lubricates the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the lubricating oil L in the speed-reducing mechanism 40 is prevented from leaking to the outside of the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the compression mechanism 10 , the drive mechanism 70 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 are protected from the lubricating oil L.
- the drive mechanism 70 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 are performed a long life in comparison to the prior art components due to the block of the damage caused by the lubricating oil. For the above reason, even though the hybrid compressor in the second preferred embodiment is used for a long period, the efficiency of the hybrid compressor is hard to deteriorate.
- the drive mechanism 70 communicates with the compression mechanism 10 .
- the induction motor 71 is cooled and lubricated by the refrigerant gas and lubricating oil that are sent from the compression mechanism 10 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 for reducing the speed of the rotary shaft 4 transmits the power from the drive mechanism 70 to the compression mechanism 10 in the hybrid compressor, the rotational torque of the induction motor 71 can be small.
- the induction motor 71 is miniaturized, and the hybrid compressor is miniaturized due to the miniaturized induction motor 71 .
- the one-way clutch 47 is arranged between the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the rotary shaft 4 in the hybrid compressor.
- the one-way clutch 47 transmits the driving power from the induction motor 71 to the rotary shaft 4 via the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and blocks the driving power that is applied to the compression mechanism 10 from the rotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducing mechanism 40 .
- the speed-reducing mechanism 40 and the drive mechanism 70 are not load for the compression mechanism 10 , the compression mechanism 10 is prevented from being locked.
- the compression mechanism 10 is a scroll type.
- a vane type and a swash plate type are utilized as the compression mechanism.
Abstract
A hybrid compressor includes a housing. A rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing. A compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas. A drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism. A speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism. A sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing the speed-changing mechanism.
Description
- The present invention relates to a hybrid compressor preferably used in a vehicle air-conditioning system.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-93876 discloses a hybrid compressor that includes a housing, a compression mechanism, a drive mechanism and a transmission mechanism. The compression mechanism and the drive mechanism are provided in the housing, and the transmission mechanism is provided outside the housing. The compression mechanism sucks refrigerant gas, compresses it and discharges it. The drive mechanism includes an electric motor that rotates a rotary shaft through a speed-changing mechanism for driving the compression mechanism. The transmission mechanism transmits power to the drive shaft from an external drive source such as an engine that is located outside the housing. This reference discloses scroll type and vane type compression mechanisms, an induction motor as the electric motor of the drive mechanism and an electromagnetic clutch as the transmission mechanism.
- In the hybrid compressor, when the external drive source is in an operational state, the power is transmitted from the external drive source to the rotary shaft through the transmission mechanism to drive the compression mechanism. On the other hand, when the external drive source is in a stop state, the drive mechanism rotates the rotary shaft through the speed-changing mechanism that reduces the rotational speed of the rotary shaft to drive the compression mechanism. Thus, even if the external drive source is either in the operational state or the stop state, the compressor is operated to work the vehicle air-conditioning system. Therefore, comfort of car interior is maintained.
- Meanwhile, the refrigerant gas and the lubricating oil sent from the compression mechanism respectively cool and lubricate the electric motor and the speed-changing mechanism. However, it has been proven in prior art that the lubricating oil sent only from the compression mechanism is insufficient for lubricating the speed-changing mechanism. Thus, in the conventional hybrid compressor, the function of the speed-changing mechanism deteriorates after a long period of time, and the efficiency and the life of the hybrid compressor also deteriorate.
- The present invention provides a hybrid compressor that maintains its efficiency and its life even though the hybrid compressor is used for a long period of time.
- According to the present invention, a hybrid compressor includes a housing. A rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing. A compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas. A drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism. A speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism. A sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing the speed-changing mechanism.
- The present invention also provides a hybrid compressor including a housing. A rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing. A compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas. A drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism. A speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism. A sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing a lubricant storage space partially defined by the speed-changing mechanism.
- The present invention also provides a hybrid compressor including a housing. A rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the housing. A compression mechanism is located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas. A drive mechanism is located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism. A speed-changing mechanism is located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft. The speed-changing mechanism varies the rotational speed of the drive mechanism. A sub-housing is located in the housing for housing the speed-changing mechanism and for providing lubricant space to maintain lubricant. A sealing mechanism is located in the housing for sealing the sub-housing between the compression mechanism and the drive mechanism.
- The features of the present invention that are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention together with objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description of the presently preferred embodiments together with the accompanying drawings in which:
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hybrid compressor according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hybrid compressor according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- First and second preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be respectively described in reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Now, the first preferred embodiment will be described. As show in FIG. 1, a housing of a hybrid compressor includes a front housing1, a
center housing 2, a fixedscroll member 11 and a rear housing 3. The front housing 1 is fixed to thecenter housing 2. The hybrid compressor includes acompression mechanism 10, adrive mechanism 80, a speed-reducingmechanism 40 and anelectromagnetic clutch 50. Thecompression mechanism 10 is located in thecenter housing 2, thefixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. Thedrive mechanism 80 and the speed-reducingmechanism 40 are located in the front housing 1. Theelectromagnetic clutch 50 as a transmission mechanism is located outside the front housing 1. A first housing includes thecenter housing 2, the fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. Thefixed scroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 correspond to a first housing main body, and thecenter housing 2 corresponds to a partition wall. The front housing 1 corresponds to a second housing. - The
compression mechanism 10 includes thefixed scroll member 11 and amovable scroll member 12 that are engaged with each other to definecompression chambers 13. Thefixed scroll member 11 includes afixed base plate 11 a, ashell portion 11 b and a fixedspiral wall 11 c. Theshell portion 11 b is fixed to thecenter housing 2 and the rear housing 3 and is sandwiched between thecenter housing 2 and the rear housing 3. Theshell portion 11 b constitutes the outer periphery of thefixed scroll member 11. Thefixed base plate 11 a has a disc shape and is formed integrally with theshell portion 11 b at the side of the rear housing 3. The fixedspiral wall 11 c protrudes from thefixed base plate 11 a toward thecenter housing 2 in an involute curve. Themovable scroll member 12 includes amovable base plate 12 a, a movablespiral wall 12 b and aboss 12 c. Themovable base plate 12 a has a disc shape. The movablespiral wall 12 b protrudes from themovable base plate 12 a toward the rear housing 3 in an involute curve. Thecompression chambers 13 are defined by the fixedbase plate 11 a, the fixedspiral wall 11 c, themovable base plate 12 a and themovable spiral wall 12 b. Theboss 12 c is formed on themovable base plate 12 a in thecenter housing 2. - A
suction chamber 3 b and adischarge chamber 3 a are defined by the fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. Although not shown, a suction port extends through the outer periphery of the fixedbase plate 11 a to interconnect thesuction chamber 3 b and thecompression chambers 13. Thesuction chamber 3 b is also connected to an evaporator of a refrigeration circuit that is not shown. Adischarge port 14 extends through the center of the fixedbase plate 11 a to interconnect thecompression chambers 13 and thedischarge chamber 3 a. Thedischarge chamber 3 a is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration circuit that is not shown. - A
shaft hole 2 a is formed in thecenter housing 2. Arotary shaft 4 is inserted through theshaft hole 2 a. Ashaft seal device 21 is arranged between therotary shaft 4 and theshaft hole 2 a. Thus, thecenter housing 2 is hermetically fixed to the front housing 1. Therotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported by thecenter housing 2 via theshaft seal device 21 and aradial bearing 22. Aslide key 23 is protruded from the inner end of alarge diameter portion 4 a of therotary shaft 4 and is offset from a central axis S of therotary shaft 4. Acounter weight 24 is fitted to adrive bush 25 that is inserted to theslide key 23. Theboss 12 c of themovable scroll member 12 is supported by thedrive bush 25 via aradial bearing 26. A self-rotation preventing mechanism 27 is provided between thecenter housing 2 and themovable base plate 12 a for preventing themovable base plate 12 a from self-rotating. - The
drive mechanism 80 includes a direct current motor (a DC motor) 81 for rotationally driving therotary shaft 4 and a printedcircuit board 87 that has integrated circuits (IC) for controlling theDC motor 81. TheDC motor 81 includes acasing 82, a pair ofpermanent magnets 83, arotor 84 and abrush 85. Thecasing 82 has a cylindrical shape. The outer circumferential surface of thecasing 82 is fixed to the front housing 1. The pair of thepermanent magnets 83 are fixed to the inner circumferential surface of thecasing 82 and face each other. Therotor 84 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably provided inside thecasing 82. A plurality of salient poles has winding wire and is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of therotor 84. The salient poles are arranged around the central axis S. Thebrush 85 electrically contacts therotor 84 through asun gear 42 for switching the direction of electric current applied to the winding wire. Thebrush 85 is electrically connected to the printedcircuit board 87 via aconnector 86. The printedcircuit board 87 is connected via acable 88 to a computer that is not shown. - The speed-reducing
mechanism 40 for reducing the rotational speed of therotary shaft 4 relative to the rotational speed of thedrive mechanism 80 transmits driving power from thedrive mechanism 80 to thecompression mechanism 10. The speed-reducingmechanism 40 includes a planetary gear mechanism that has thesun gear 42, threeplanetary gears 43 and aninternal gear 44. Apart 42 a of thesun gear 42 is fitted into therotor 84 of theDC motor 81 to rotate integrally. External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of apart 42 b of thesun gear 42. A shield bearing 41 is arranged between thesun gear 42 and thecenter housing 2. Thus, thesun gear 42 and therotor 84 are rotatably supported by thecenter housing 2 via theshield bearing 41. Internal gear teeth are formed on the inner circumferential surface of theinternal gear 44. Theinternal gear 44 is fixed to the front housing 1 and rotatably supports thesun gear 42 via ashield bearing 48. The threeplanetary gears 43 are rotatably provided between thesun gear 42 and theinternal gear 44. External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of each of theplanetary gears 43 and are engaged with the external gear teeth of thesun gear 42 as well as the internal gear teeth of theinternal gear 44. Each of theplanetary gears 43 is connected to anarm 43 a. Thearm 43 a is rotatably supported by the front housing 1 via a shield bearing 49, and therotary shaft 4 is supported by the front housing 1 via ashaft seal device 46 and ashield bearing 45. Thus, the speed-reducingmechanism 40 is sealed by theshaft seal devices shield bearings sun gear 42, therotary shaft 4 and thecenter housing 2 and is sealed by the shield bearing 41 and theshaft seal device 21. A space B is substantially defined by thesun gear 42, theplanetary gears 43 and theinternal gear 44 and is sealed by theshield bearing 48. A space C is substantially defined by theplanetary gears 43, thearm 43 a, therotary shaft 4 and the front housing 1 and is sealed by theshield bearings shaft seal device 46. The spaces A, B and C communicate with each other and constitute the internal space of the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Lubricating oil L is stored inside the spaces A, B and C of the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and does not leak to the outside due to the above sealing mechanism. Theshaft seal devices shield bearings - A one-way clutch47 is arranged between the
arm 43 a of the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and therotary shaft 4. The one-way clutch 47 is the same type of the one-way clutch as disclosed in Japan Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-276775. The one-way clutch 47 transmits power from the speed-reducingmechanism 40 to therotary shaft 4 and blocks power from therotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducingmechanism 40. - The
electromagnetic clutch 50 is provided outside the front housing 1. Theelectromagnetic clutch 50 includes ahub 53, apulley 51 and acoil 52. Thehub 53 has an armature and is fixed to the outer end of therotary shaft 4. Thepulley 51 is rotatably provided at the front housing 1 via abearing device 54. Thepulley 51 is wound to a belt that is not shown, and the belt is connected to anengine 60 as an external drive source. Thecoil 52 is fixed to the front housing 1 in thepulley 51. When an electric current is applied to thecoil 52, the armature of thehub 53 moves and is magnetically connected to thepulley 51, and therotary shaft 4 is rotated synchronously with thepulley 51. Thus, driving power is transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4. On the other hand, when electric current is not applied to thecoil 52, the armature of thehub 53 moves away from thepulley 51, and therotary shaft 4 is not rotated by thepulley 51. Thus, the driving power is not transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4. - In the above-constructed hybrid compressor, when electric current is not applied to the electromagnetic clutch50 but is applied to the
DC motor 81, thedrive mechanism 80 drives thecompression mechanism 10. Namely, when the electric current is not applied to thecoil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50, thepulley 51 and thehub 53 is separated from each other. Thus, thepulley 51 idles, and the driving power is not transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4. When the electric current is applied to theDC motor 81, therotor 84 rotates. Since thepart 42 a of thesun gear 42 of the planetary gear mechanism is fitted into therotor 84, thesun gear 42 rotates integrally with therotor 84. In accordance with the rotation of thesun gear 42, thearm 43 a is rotated via the planetary gears 43. The rotational speed of thearm 43 a is reduced due to the gear ratio among thesun gear 42, theplanetary gears 43 and theinternal gear 44. Then, therotary shaft 4 rotates via the one-way clutch 47 at the same rotational speed of thearm 43 a. Therefore, the rotation of therotor 84 is transmitted to thedrive shaft 4 via the speed-reducingmechanism 40 that reduces the rotational speed of therotor 84. - When the
rotary shaft 4 rotates, the slide key 23 orbits around the central axis S. The cooperation of thedrive bush 25 that is fitted to theslide key 23 and the self-rotation preventing mechanism 27 allows themovable scroll member 12 to orbit around the central axis S. As thecompression chamber 13 that is defined by the fixedbase plate 11 a, the fixedspiral wall 11 c, themovable base plate 12 aand themovable spiral wall 12 b moves toward the center of the fixedscroll member 11, thecompression chambers 13 sequentially reduce in volume. In this way, thecompression mechanism 10 is driven by the rotation of therotary shaft 4. Refrigerant gas is introduced from the refrigeration circuit via thesuction chamber 3 b to thecompression chambers 13 in a suction process and is compressed due to the movement of thecompression chambers 13. Then, the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged from thecompression chambers 13 to the refrigeration circuit via thedischarge port 14 and thedischarge chamber 3 b. - On the other hand, when electric current is not applied to the
DC motor 81 but is applied to thecoil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50, theengine 60 drives thecompression mechanism 10 via theelectromagnetic clutch 50. Namely, when the electric current is not applied to theDC motor 81, therotor 84 does not rotate, and the driving power is not transmitted from thedrive mechanism 80 to therotary shaft 4 via the speed-reducingmechanism 40. When the electric current is applied to thecoil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50, thepulley 51 is magnetically connected to thehub 53, and the driving power is transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4 via theelectromagnetic clutch 50. When therotary shaft 4 rotates, thecompression mechanism 10 is driven as described above. In this way, theengine 60 drives thecompression mechanism 10 via theelectromagnetic clutch 50. Furthermore, when the electric current is not applied toDC motor 81 and the electromagnetic clutch 50, the drive of thecompression mechanism 10 is stopped. - In the hybrid compressor, the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 that transmits the power from thedrive mechanism 80 to thecompression mechanism 10 is sealed by theshaft seal devices shield bearings drive mechanism 80 and thecompression mechanism 10. Thus, the lubricating oil L is utilized only for the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and sufficiently lubricates the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Furthermore, the lubricating oil L in the speed-reducingmechanism 40 is substantially prevented from leaking to the outside of the speed-reducingmechanism 40 due to the above sealing. Thus, thecompression mechanism 10, thedrive mechanism 80 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 are protected from the lubricating oil L. Thedrive mechanism 80 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 perform a long life in comparison to the prior art components due to the block of the damage caused by the lubricating oil. For the above reason, even though the hybrid compressor in the first preferred embodiment is used for a long period, the efficiency of the hybrid compressor is hard to deteriorate. - In the hybrid compressor, the
shaft seal device 21 is arranged between therotary shaft 4 and theshaft hole 2 a so that thecenter housing 2 is hermetically fixed to the front housing 1. Thus, thedrive mechanism 80 is separated from thecompression mechanism 10, and the refrigerant gas and lubricating oil in thecompression mechanism 10 is prevented from invading thedrive mechanism 80. Therefore, theDC motor 81 is utilized as the motor of thedrive mechanism 80. - Furthermore, since the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 for reducing the speed of therotary shaft 4 transmits the power from thedrive mechanism 80 to thecompression mechanism 10 in the hybrid compressor, the rotational torque of theDC motor 81 can be small. Thus, theDC motor 81 is miniaturized, and the hybrid compressor is miniaturized due to theminiaturized DC motor 81. - The one-way clutch47 is arranged between the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 and therotary shaft 4 in the hybrid compressor. The one-way clutch 47 transmits the driving power from theDC motor 81 to therotary shaft 4 via the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and blocks the power that is applied to thecompression mechanism 10 from therotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Thus, since the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and thedrive mechanism 80 are not load for thecompression mechanism 10, thecompression mechanism 10 is prevented from being locked. - The
compression mechanism 10 is located in the first housing including thecenter housing 2, the fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. The speed-reducingmechanism 40 and thedrive mechanism 80 are located in the second housing or the front housing 1. The second housing is fixed to the first housing. Thus, the second housing is only modified and the first housing is shared as a common portion, the structure and the combination of thedrive mechanism 80 and the speed-reducingmechanism 40 are modified variously. - Meanwhile, the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 and the one-way clutch 47 are alternatively removed from the hybrid compressor, and therotor 84 of thedrive mechanism 80 is directly connected to therotary shaft 4. When electric current is applied to the electromagnetic clutch 50, the driving power is transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4 via theelectromagnetic clutch 50. As therotary shaft 4 rotates, therotor 84 of thedrive mechanism 80 is rotated in thepermanent magnets 83. Thus, thedrive mechanism 80 generates electric power and function as a power generation mechanism. In this case, when thecompression mechanism 10 does not substantially introduce, compress and discharge the refrigerant gas while thecompression mechanism 10 is driven, all of the torque of therotary shaft 4 is substantially utilized for generating the electric power. Furthermore, in this case, a pulley can be utilized to connect theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4 instead of theelectromagnetic clutch 50. - Now, the second preferred embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, a hosing of a hybrid compressor housing includes a front housing1, a
center housing 2, afixed scroll member 11 and a rear housing 3. The front housing 1 is fixed to thecenter housing 2. The hybrid compressor also includes acompression mechanism 10, adrive mechanism 70, a speed-reducingmechanism 40 and anelectromagnetic clutch 50. Thecompression mechanism 10 is located in thecenter housing 2, the fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. Thedrive mechanism 70 and the speed-reducingmechanism 40 are located in the front housing 1. Theelectromagnetic clutch 50 is located outside the front housing 1. A first housing includes thecenter housing 2, the fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. The fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3 correspond to a first housing main body, and thecenter housing 2 corresponds to a partition wall. The front housing 1 corresponds to a second housing. - The
compression mechanism 10 includes the fixedscroll member 11 and amovable scroll member 12 that are engaged with each other to definecompression chambers 13. The fixedscroll member 11 includes a fixedbase plate 11 a, ashell portion 11 b and a fixedspiral wall 11 c. Theshell portion 11 b is fixed to thecenter housing 2 and the rear housing 3 and is sandwiched between thecenter housing 2 and the rear housing 3. Theshell portion 11 b constitutes the outer periphery of the fixedscroll member 11. The fixedbase plate 11 a has a disc shape and is formed integrally with theshell portion 11 b at the side of the rear housing 3. The fixedspiral wall 11 c protrudes from the fixedbase plate 11 a toward thecenter housing 2 in an involute curve. Themovable scroll member 12 includes amovable base plate 12 a, amovable spiral wall 12 b and aboss 12 c. Themovable base plate 12 a has a disc shape. Themovable spiral wall 12 b protrudes from themovable base plate 12 a toward the rear housing 3 in an involute curve. Thecompression chambers 13 are defined by the fixedbase plate 11 a, the fixedspiral wall 11 c, themovable base plate 12 a and themovable spiral wall 12 b. Theboss 12 c is formed on themovable base plate 12 a in thecenter housing 2. - A
suction chamber 3 b and adischarge chamber 3 a are defined by the fixedscroll member 11 and the rear housing 3. Although not shown, a suction port extends through the outer periphery of the fixedbase plate 11 a to interconnect thesuction chamber 3 b and thecompression chambers 13. Thesuction chamber 3 b is connected to an evaporator of a refrigeration circuit that is not shown. Adischarge port 14 extends through the center of the fixedbase plate 11 a and interconnects thecompression chambers 13 and thedischarge chamber 3 a. Thedischarge chamber 3 a is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration circuit that is not shown. - A
rotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported in thecenter housing 2 via aradial bearing 22. Aslide key 23 is protruded from the inner end of alarge diameter portion 4 a of therotary shaft 4 and is offset from a central axis S of therotary shaft 4. Acounter weight 24 is fitted to adrive bush 25 that is inserted to theslide key 23. Theboss 12 c of themovable scroll member 12 is supported by thedrive bush 25 via aradial bearing 26. A self-rotation preventing mechanism 27 is provided between thecenter housing 2 and themovable base plate 12 a for preventing themovable base plate 12 a from self rotating. - The
drive mechanism 70 includes aninduction motor 71 for rotationally driving therotary shaft 4 and a printedcircuit board 77 that has integrated circuits (IC) for controlling theinduction motor 71. Theinduction motor 71 includes ayoke 72, a plurality ofcoils 73 and arotor 74. Theyoke 72 has a cylindrical shape, and the outer circumferential surface of theyoke 72 is fixed to the front housing 1. A plurality of thecoils 73 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of theyoke 72. Therotor 74 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably provided inside theyoke 72. Thecoils 73 are electrically connected to the printedcircuit board 77 via a wiring and aconnector 76. The wiring is partially shown in FIG. 2. The printedcircuit board 77 is connected via acable 78 to a computer that is not shown. - The speed-reducing
mechanism 40 is provided between thedrive mechanism 70 and thecompression mechanism 10. The speed-reducingmechanism 40 includes a planetary gear mechanism that has asun gear 42, threeplanetary gears 43 and aninternal gear 44. An O-ring 44 a is provided on the outer circumferential surface of theinternal gear 44. Apart 42 a of thesun gear 42 is fitted into therotor 74 of theinduction motor 71 to rotate integrally. External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of apart 42 bof thesun gear 42. Therotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported by thesun gear 42 via ashaft seal device 46 c and ashield bearing 41. Internal gear teeth are formed on the inner circumferential surface of theinternal gear 44. Theinternal gear 44 is fixed to theyoke 72 of theinduction motor 71. Thesun gear 42 is rotatably supported by theinternal gear 44 via ashield bearing 48 and by theyoke 72 via ashaft seal device 46 b. The threeplanetary gears 43 are rotatably provided between thesun gear 42 and theinternal gear 44. External gear teeth are formed on the outer circumferential surface of each of theplanetary gears 43 and are engaged with the external gear teeth of thesun gear 42 as well as the internal gear teeth of theinternal gear 44. Each of theplanetary gears 43 is connected to anarm 43 a. Thearm 43 a is rotatably supported by the front housing 1 via a shield bearing 49, and therotary shaft 4 is supported by the front housing 1 via ashaft seal device 46 a and ashield bearing 45. Thus, the speed-reducingmechanism 40 is sealed by theshaft seal devices shield bearings ring 44 a. Namely, a space A is substantially defined by thesun gear 42 and therotary shaft 4 and is sealed by the shield bearing 41 and theshaft seal device 46 c. A space B is substantially defined by thesun gear 42, theplanetary gears 43 and theinternal gear 44 and is sealed by the shield bearing 48 and theshaft seal device 46 b. A space C is substantially defined by theplanetary gears 43, thearm 43 a, therotary shaft 4 and the front housing 1 and is sealed by theshield bearings shaft seal device 46 a. The spaces A, B and C communicate with each other and constitute the internal space of the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Lubricating oil L is stored inside the space A, B and C of the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and does not leak to the outside due to the above sealing mechanism. Theshaft seal devices shield bearings ring 44 a correspond to a sealing mechanism. - A one-way clutch47 is arranged between the
arm 43 a of the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and therotary shaft 4. The one-way clutch 47 is the same type of the one-way clutch as disclosed in Japan Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-276775. The one-way clutch 47 transmits power from the speed-reducingmechanism 40 to therotary shaft 4 and blocks power from therotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducingmechanism 40. - The
electromagnetic clutch 50 is provided outside the front housing 1. Theelectromagnetic clutch 50 includes ahub 53, apulley 51 and acoil 52. Thehub 53 has an armature and is fixed to the outer end of therotary shaft 4. Thepulley 51 is rotatably provided at the front housing 1 via abearing device 54. Thepulley 51 is wound to a belt that is not shown, and the belt is connected to anengine 60 as an external drive source. Thecoil 52 is fixed to the front housing 1 in thepulley 51. When electric current is applied to thecoil 52, the armature of thehub 53 moves and is magnetically connected to thepulley 51, and therotary shaft 4 is rotated synchronously with thepulley 51. Thus, driving power is transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4. On the other hand, when the electric current is not applied to thecoil 52, the armature of thehub 53 moves away from thepulley 51, and therotary shaft 4 is not rotated by thepulley 51. Thus, the driving power is not transmitted from theengine 60 to therotary shaft 4. - In the above-constructed hybrid compressor, when electric current is not applied to the electromagnetic clutch51 but is applied to the
induction motor 71, thedrive mechanism 70 similarly drives thecompression mechanism 10 as described in the first preferred embodiment. On the other hand, when the electric current is not applied to theinduction motor 71 but is applied to thecoil 52 of the electromagnetic clutch 50, theengine 60 drives thecompression mechanism 10 via theelectromagnetic clutch 50. Furthermore, when the electric current is not applied to theinduction motor 71 and the electromagnetic clutch 50, the drive of thecompression mechanism 10 is stopped. - In the hybrid compressor, the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 that the speed-reducingmechanism 40 that transmits the power from thedrive mechanism 70 to thecompression mechanism 10 is sealed by theshaft seal devices shield bearings ring 44 a from thedrive mechanism 70 and thecompression mechanism 10. Thus, the lubricating oil L is utilized only for the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and sufficiently lubricates the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Furthermore, the lubricating oil L in the speed-reducingmechanism 40 is prevented from leaking to the outside of the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Thus, thecompression mechanism 10, thedrive mechanism 70 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 are protected from the lubricating oil L. Thedrive mechanism 70 and the electromagnetic clutch 50 are performed a long life in comparison to the prior art components due to the block of the damage caused by the lubricating oil. For the above reason, even though the hybrid compressor in the second preferred embodiment is used for a long period, the efficiency of the hybrid compressor is hard to deteriorate. - In the hybrid compressor, the
drive mechanism 70 communicates with thecompression mechanism 10. Thus, theinduction motor 71 is cooled and lubricated by the refrigerant gas and lubricating oil that are sent from thecompression mechanism 10. - Furthermore, since the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 for reducing the speed of therotary shaft 4 transmits the power from thedrive mechanism 70 to thecompression mechanism 10 in the hybrid compressor, the rotational torque of theinduction motor 71 can be small. Thus, theinduction motor 71 is miniaturized, and the hybrid compressor is miniaturized due to theminiaturized induction motor 71. - The one-way clutch47 is arranged between the speed-reducing
mechanism 40 and therotary shaft 4 in the hybrid compressor. The one-way clutch 47 transmits the driving power from theinduction motor 71 to therotary shaft 4 via the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and blocks the driving power that is applied to thecompression mechanism 10 from therotary shaft 4 to the speed-reducingmechanism 40. Thus, since the speed-reducingmechanism 40 and thedrive mechanism 70 are not load for thecompression mechanism 10, thecompression mechanism 10 is prevented from being locked. - In the above-described first and second preferred embodiments, the
compression mechanism 10 is a scroll type. However, a vane type and a swash plate type are utilized as the compression mechanism. - The present examples and embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be limited to the details given herein but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1. A hybrid compressor comprising:
a housing;
a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the housing;
a compression mechanism located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas;
a drive mechanism located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism;
a speed-changing mechanism located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft, the speed-changing mechanism varying the rotational speed of the drive mechanism; and
a sealing mechanism located in the housing for sealing the speed-changing mechanism.
2. The hybrid compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the housing includes a first housing and a second housing that are fixed to each other, the compression mechanism being located in the first housing, the drive mechanism and the speed-changing mechanism being located in the second housing.
3. The hybrid compressor according to claim 2 , wherein the first housing includes a first housing main body and a center housing having a shaft hole through which the rotary shaft is inserted, the second housing being hermetically fixed to the first housing, the sealing mechanism being located between the rotary shaft and the through hole.
4. The hybrid compressor according to claim 1 , further comprising a transmission mechanism provided outside the housing for transmitting power from an external drive source to the rotary shaft to drive the compression mechanism.
5. The hybrid compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism reduces the rotational speed of the rotary shaft relative to the rotational speed of the drive mechanism.
6. The hybrid compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism and the housing form a lubricant storage space for storing lubricant that lubricates the speed changing mechanism.
7. A hybrid compressor comprising:
a housing;
a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the housing;
a compression mechanism located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas;
a drive mechanism located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism;
a speed-changing mechanism located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft, the speed-changing mechanism varying the rotational speed of the drive mechanism; and
a sealing mechanism located in the housing for sealing a lubricant storage space partially defined by the speed-changing mechanism.
8. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the sealing mechanism is located between the housing and the speed-changing mechanism.
9. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the rotary shaft extends through the lubricant storage space, the sealing mechanism being located between the housing and the rotary shaft.
10. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the rotary shaft extends through the lubricant storage space, the sealing mechanism being located between the speed-changing mechanism and the rotary shaft.
11. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism further comprises a first gear and a second gear, the sealing mechanism being located between the first gear and the second gear.
12. The hybrid compressor according to claim 11 , wherein the sealing mechanism is located between the first gear and the drive mechanism.
13. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism reduces the rotational speed of the rotary shaft relative to the rotational speed of the drive mechanism.
14. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism includes a first gear, the rotary shaft extending through the lubricant storage space, the lubricant storage space including a first space substantially defined by the first gear, the rotary shaft and the housing, the sealing mechanism sealing the first space.
15. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism includes a first gear, the rotary shaft extending through the lubricant storage space, the lubricant storage space including a first space substantially defined by the first gear and the rotary shaft, the sealing mechanism sealing the first space.
16. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, the lubricant storage space including a second space substantially defined by the first gear, the second gear and the third gear, the sealing mechanism sealing the second space.
17. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism includes a first gear and an arm, the rotary shaft extending through the lubricant storage space, the lubricant storage space including a third space substantially defined by the first gear, the arm, the rotary shaft and the housing, the sealing mechanism sealing the third space.
18. The hybrid compressor according to claim 7 , wherein the speed-changing mechanism and the housing form the lubricant storage space for the storing lubricant that lubricates the speed-changing mechanism.
19. A hybrid compressor comprising:
a housing;
a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the housing;
a compression mechanism located in the housing and connected to the rotary shaft for compressing refrigerant gas;
a drive mechanism located in the housing for driving the compression mechanism;
a speed-changing mechanism located in the housing for transmitting power from the drive mechanism to the compression mechanism via the rotary shaft, the speed-changing mechanism varying the rotational speed of the drive mechanism;
a sub-housing located in the housing for housing the speed-changing mechanism and for providing lubricant space to maintain lubricant; and
a sealing mechanism located in the housing for sealing the sub-housing between the compression mechanism and the drive mechanism.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003096121A JP2004301054A (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2003-03-31 | Hybrid compressor |
JP2003-096121 | 2003-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20040202550A1 true US20040202550A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
Family
ID=32844640
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/805,711 Abandoned US20040202550A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-22 | Hybrid compressor |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040202550A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1464839A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004301054A (en) |
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US20040116227A1 (en) * | 2002-03-10 | 2004-06-17 | Masato Fujioka | Vehicle driving system |
US20040163400A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2004-08-26 | Yasushi Suzuki | Hybrid compressor device |
US7841845B2 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2010-11-30 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Open drive scroll machine |
US20120251347A1 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Compressor with transmission |
US20120251301A1 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-04 | Keihin Corporation | Compressor |
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JPH0539777A (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 1993-02-19 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Compressor provided with transmission |
JP3956460B2 (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 2007-08-08 | 株式会社デンソー | Combined compression device |
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JPH11287182A (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-19 | Calsonic Corp | Compressor for vehicle air conditioner |
JP2002205538A (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-23 | Toyota Industries Corp | Vehicular air-conditioning system |
-
2003
- 2003-03-31 JP JP2003096121A patent/JP2004301054A/en active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-03-22 US US10/805,711 patent/US20040202550A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-26 EP EP04007456A patent/EP1464839A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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US20040116227A1 (en) * | 2002-03-10 | 2004-06-17 | Masato Fujioka | Vehicle driving system |
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US20130064694A1 (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2013-03-14 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme Fur Schienenfahrzeuge Gmbh | Compressor flange for screw-type compressor |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004301054A (en) | 2004-10-28 |
EP1464839A1 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOYOTA JIDOSHOKKI, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KAWAGUCHI, MASAHIRO;IWASA, JIRO;IGUCHI, MASAO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015495/0519 Effective date: 20040331 |
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