US20040029723A1 - Novel aminophosphonium compounds - Google Patents
Novel aminophosphonium compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040029723A1 US20040029723A1 US10/632,396 US63239603A US2004029723A1 US 20040029723 A1 US20040029723 A1 US 20040029723A1 US 63239603 A US63239603 A US 63239603A US 2004029723 A1 US2004029723 A1 US 2004029723A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- radical
- integer
- carbon atoms
- linear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- XQJHRCVXRAJIDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminophosphine Chemical class PN XQJHRCVXRAJIDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2154-56-5 Chemical compound [CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020656 PBr5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001914 chlorine tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- USJRLGNYCQWLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorophosphane Chemical compound ClP USJRLGNYCQWLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 0 C.[1*][P+]([2*])([3*])[4*] Chemical compound C.[1*][P+]([2*])([3*])[4*] 0.000 description 16
- 125000002112 pyrrolidino group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 16
- OACPOWYLLGHGCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C=O OACPOWYLLGHGCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 8
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- GQSNYNMMDQPIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N(CC)CC GQSNYNMMDQPIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- SOWRUJSGHKNOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1C=O SOWRUJSGHKNOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IBZKBSXREAQDTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-n-(2-methoxyethyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COCCNCCOC IBZKBSXREAQDTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- KXBYQUPIKQFPOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCCC1 Chemical compound CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCCC1 KXBYQUPIKQFPOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- YMAZDOQLGAOYBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(dibutylamino)-(diethylamino)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCN(CCCC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CCCC)CCCC)N(CCCC)CCCC YMAZDOQLGAOYBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YCXPSIRNEIQEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-tripyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N1CCCC1)(N1CCCC1)N1CCCC1 YCXPSIRNEIQEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DMIYKWPEFRFTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C=O DMIYKWPEFRFTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 5-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl-1-oxo-3h-2-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-4-methyl-3h-2-benzofuran-1-one Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OCC2=C(C)C([C@@H](O)CN2CCN(CC2)C[C@H](O)C2=CC=C3C(=O)OCC3=C2C)=C1 OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ATDAQCCINUQBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-M [bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-tri(piperidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCCN1[P+](N1CCCCC1)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCCC1 ATDAQCCINUQBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UWXMXNIEMDFHID-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-di(piperidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCCN1[P+](N(CCOC)CCOC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCCC1 UWXMXNIEMDFHID-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- UYRRMGJOZCQPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimorpholin-4-yl(dipyrrolidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N1CCOCC1)N1CCCC1 UYRRMGJOZCQPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOQLYHSLPZAIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M morpholin-4-yl(tripyrrolidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N1CCCC1)N1CCCC1 ZOQLYHSLPZAIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KQNSWRCJFSNVQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M (dioctylamino)-tripyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCN1[P+](N1CCCC1)(N(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC)N1CCCC1 KQNSWRCJFSNVQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXELGNKCCDGMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].[Cl] Chemical group [F].[Cl] HXELGNKCCDGMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEVZSJLSZITLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-M [bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-tripyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCN1[P+](N1CCCC1)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCC1 HEVZSJLSZITLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MEALRCGJBASXDA-UHFFFAOYSA-M [butyl(ethyl)amino]-tripyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1CCCN1[P+](N1CCCC1)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCCC1 MEALRCGJBASXDA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WPVJGVLEONYYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M amino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CN(C)[P+](N)(N(C)C)N(C)C WPVJGVLEONYYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007682 dermal toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000438 skin toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCNCC1 PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSJZUVMOSDJKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2,2-triethoxyethenoxy)propane Chemical group CCOC(OCC)=C(OCC)OC(C)C CSJZUVMOSDJKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSVROKNSXMOHJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CNC1)C1[O-][NH+]1CCCCC1 Chemical compound C(CNC1)C1[O-][NH+]1CCCCC1 JSVROKNSXMOHJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXIPBRXJGSXLHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1CCNC1.C1CCNCC1 Chemical compound C1CCNC1.C1CCNCC1 AXIPBRXJGSXLHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYTYOUNYLKOKAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1CCNC1.C1COCCN1 Chemical compound C1CCNC1.C1COCCN1 ZYTYOUNYLKOKAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FISWMOXCPBZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN.CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCCC1.CN1CCN(C)CC1.CN1CCOCC1 Chemical compound CN.CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCCC1.CN1CCN(C)CC1.CN1CCOCC1 FISWMOXCPBZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWFWCZQXVZJYOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCCC1 Chemical compound CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCC1.CN1CCCCC1 TWFWCZQXVZJYOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEXVCEYFLPPEOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M [bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-tris(diethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N(CCOC)CCOC YEXVCEYFLPPEOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JACRMZKDWOFYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-M [bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-tris(dimethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN([P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C)CCOC JACRMZKDWOFYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HNIRADUUCFVFAU-UHFFFAOYSA-M [bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-tris[butyl(ethyl)amino]phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CCCC)(N(CC)CCCC)N(CCOC)CCOC HNIRADUUCFVFAU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZWOGYWKVQMEFNY-UHFFFAOYSA-M [butyl(ethyl)amino]-trimorpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1COCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCOCC1 ZWOGYWKVQMEFNY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PKDBLJXAGMNJJS-UHFFFAOYSA-M [butyl(ethyl)amino]-tris(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N1CCN(C)CC1)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCN(C)CC1 PKDBLJXAGMNJJS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XKCUKNPRINSNLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminophosphanium;chloride Chemical class [Cl-].[PH3+]N XKCUKNPRINSNLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPOKFCXCNYIDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-dipyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N1CCN(C)CC1)(N1CCCC1)N1CCCC1 VPOKFCXCNYIDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FASYQDYGHOHZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(diethylamino)-bis(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N1CCN(C)CC1 FASYQDYGHOHZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JAZJAQVEJPZLID-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(diethylamino)-dimorpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1COCCN1[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N1CCOCC1 JAZJAQVEJPZLID-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RHMRCDDQJXNHTO-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(dimethylamino)-bis(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N1CCN(C)CC1 RHMRCDDQJXNHTO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WZVNGXUPNMHUGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(dimethylamino)-dimorpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1COCCN1[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N1CCOCC1 WZVNGXUPNMHUGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MNYCCLHHOYUBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-bis(diethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN(CCOC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N(CCOC)CCOC MNYCCLHHOYUBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AWVFHJNOKCGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-bis(dimethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN(CCOC)[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(CCOC)CCOC AWVFHJNOKCGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBKNEQUNIGXACB-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-bis[butyl(ethyl)amino]phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CCCC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N(CCOC)CCOC DBKNEQUNIGXACB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XRFFHTZCOWIVNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-dipyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1CCCN1[P+](N(CCOC)CCOC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCC1 XRFFHTZCOWIVNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PHFJQZNBTMTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-dipyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCN1[P+](N(CCOC)CCOC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCC1 PHFJQZNBTMTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNHVSQPUUJDKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[butyl(ethyl)amino]-bis(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N(CC)CCCC)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCN(C)CC1 PNHVSQPUUJDKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJXOUMCJJHQTPG-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis[butyl(ethyl)amino]-dimorpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1COCCN1[P+](N(CC)CCCC)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCOCC1 KJXOUMCJJHQTPG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PZGBFUMUUPFNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylamino(trimorpholin-4-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1COCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N(CC)CC)N1CCOCC1 PZGBFUMUUPFNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTSIBYMCFUXVNO-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylamino-tris(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N1CCN(C)CC1)(N(CC)CC)N1CCN(C)CC1 NTSIBYMCFUXVNO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ILQSSOARPWEJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylamino(trimorpholin-4-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1COCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N(C)C)N1CCOCC1 ILQSSOARPWEJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MVRQOMDZSIENJA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylamino-tris(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N1CCN(C)CC1)(N(C)C)N1CCN(C)CC1 MVRQOMDZSIENJA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZJBULIMRZBAKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimorpholin-4-yl-di(piperidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N1CCOCC1)N1CCCCC1 ZJBULIMRZBAKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LAWOZCWGWDVVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCC LAWOZCWGWDVVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTVVRZSICDXOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M morpholin-4-yl-tri(piperidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N1CCCCC1)N1CCCCC1 VQTVVRZSICDXOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LQZRCSTWHJEPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimorpholin-4-yl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CCCN1[P+](N1CCOCC1)(N1CCOCC1)N1CCOCC1 LQZRCSTWHJEPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEYANQUIFMTNDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-pyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1[P+](N1CCN(C)CC1)(N1CCN(C)CC1)N1CCCC1 ZEYANQUIFMTNDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VICFXASCDCOBQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(diethylamino)-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N1CCN(C)CC1 VICFXASCDCOBQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XIOQFNMZDGJRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(diethylamino)-morpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N1CCOCC1 XIOQFNMZDGJRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HONNFVKXIHBWOO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(dimethylamino)-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CN(C)[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N1CCN(C)CC1 HONNFVKXIHBWOO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FLNITEBOQLMPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(dimethylamino)-morpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CN(C)[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N1CCOCC1 FLNITEBOQLMPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WYTCYLNJCJIUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-(diethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN(CCOC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N(CCOC)CCOC WYTCYLNJCJIUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SMRPQENSTBIRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-(dimethylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN(CCOC)[P+](N(C)C)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N(CCOC)CCOC SMRPQENSTBIRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YHESZGGUNYVDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-[butyl(ethyl)amino]phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN(CC)[P+](N(CCOC)CCOC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N(CCOC)CCOC YHESZGGUNYVDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZNVHDVGHVUVQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-piperidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN(CCOC)[P+](N(CCOC)CCOC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCCC1 ZNVHDVGHVUVQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MJCAZBWBTBXJCO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-pyrrolidin-1-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].COCCN(CCOC)[P+](N(CCOC)CCOC)(N(CCOC)CCOC)N1CCCC1 MJCAZBWBTBXJCO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FUIDPHXNQJVRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[butyl(ethyl)amino]-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CCCC)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCN(C)CC1 FUIDPHXNQJVRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RIJPDIRVHAQNHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris[butyl(ethyl)amino]-morpholin-4-ylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CCCC)(N(CC)CCCC)N1CCOCC1 RIJPDIRVHAQNHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
- B01J31/0267—Phosphines or phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphorus bonded to at least one carbon atom, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, the other atoms bonded to phosphorus being either carbon or hydrogen
- B01J31/0268—Phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphine with an additional hydrogen or carbon atom bonded to phosphorous so as to result in a formal positive charge on phosphorous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
- B01J31/0237—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B39/00—Halogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/63—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/572—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/576—Six-membered rings
- C07F9/59—Hydrogenated pyridine rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/645—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6509—Six-membered rings
- C07F9/650952—Six-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in the positions 1 and 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6527—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6533—Six-membered rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/90—Catalytic systems characterized by the solvent or solvent system used
- B01J2531/98—Phase-transfer catalysis in a mixed solvent system containing at least 2 immiscible solvents or solvent phases
- B01J2531/985—Phase-transfer catalysis in a mixed solvent system containing at least 2 immiscible solvents or solvent phases in a water / organic solvent system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel aminophosphonium compounds, to substance mixtures containing them, and to the preparation and use thereof.
- Aminophosphonium compounds are used, as is evident from WO 98/32532 and WO 98/22413, as catalysts for preparing fluorine-containing compounds by a halogen/fluorine exchange reaction (halex reaction).
- halex reaction halogen/fluorine exchange reaction
- the tetrakis-(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide used in WO 98/32532 and WO 98/22413 gives good results, it has a very high dermal toxicity which stands in the way of industrial use, however.
- the object is to provide novel compounds which are suitable as catalyst or component of catalyst systems for phase-transfer reactions, in particular for halogen-fluorine exchange reactions, have a lower dermal toxicity and achieve or even exceed the results obtainable on use of tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide.
- R 5 , R 6 R 7 and R 8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the remaining radical(s) R 1 to R 4 are
- R 9 and R 10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X ⁇ is an inorganic or organic anion or an equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion.
- Importance further attaches to compounds of the formula (1) in which m and n are an integer from 1 to 6, and R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 1 , R 9 and R 10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- X ⁇ is F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇ , ClO 4 ⁇ , BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ , NO 3 ⁇ , HSO 4 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ 2 SO 4 2 ⁇ , H 2 PO 4 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ 2 HPO 4 2 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ 3 PO 4 3 ⁇ , R′—COO ⁇ , where R′ is an alkyl radical having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, benzyl radical or naphthyl radical, R′′—SO 3 ⁇ , where R′′ is an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, tolyl radical or naphthyl radical, HCO 3 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ 2 CO 3 2 ⁇ or 1 ⁇ 2 C 6 H 4 (COO ⁇ ) 2 .
- X ⁇ is, in particular, F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇ , BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ or 1 ⁇ 2 SO 4 2 ⁇ , preferably F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , or Br ⁇ , particularly preferably Cl ⁇ .
- aminophosphonium compounds aminophosphonium salts
- aminophosphonium salts aminophosphonium salts
- the present invention also relates to mixtures of substances comprising at least one compound of the formula
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and X ⁇ have the above meaning, and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are identical or different and are a linear or branched radical of the formula —(C p H 2p O) r R 15 in which R 15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 10 and r is an integer from 1 to 15;
- R 14 is a linear or branched radical of the formula —(C p H 2p O) r R 15 and
- Y ⁇ is an inorganic anion
- R 16 , R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical or a C 1 -C 4 -alkylaryl radical, where aryl has the meaning of phenyl or naphthyl, and said substituents are halogen,
- R 20 and R 21 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms;
- x is an integer from 2 to 6 and
- s is an integer from 1 to 60;
- one of the radicals R 20 and R 21 is hydrogen and the other one of the radicals is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
- x is an integer from 2 to 6 and s is an integer from 2 to 50, or the radicals R 20 and R 21 are hydrogen, x is an integer from 2 to 6 and s is an integer from 3 to 5.
- the present invention relates in particular to mixtures of substances which comprise at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2), quaternary ammonium salts and phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers, in which in formula (2) R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are identical or different and are a linear or branched radical of the formula —(C p H 2p O) r R 15 in-which R 15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 5 and r is an integer from 2 to 10; or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl radical; R 14 is a linear or branched radical of the formula —(C p H 2p O) r R 15 , in which R 15 is
- Mixtures of substances of particular interest are those comprising at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2).
- R 16 , R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical or a C 1 -C 4 -alkylaryl radical, where aryl has the meaning of phenyl or naphthyl, and said substituents are halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, nitro or cyano.
- the mixtures of substances normally comprise from 5 to 95% by weight, in particular 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 25 to 75% by weight, of at least one compound of the formula (1).
- the residual 95 to 5% by weight, in particular 80 to 20% by weight, preferably 75 to 25% by weight, of the mixtures of substances account for the remainder, namely at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2) of quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers, in particular at least one compound from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2).
- the present invention further relates to a process for preparing compounds of the formula
- It comprises reacting a phosphorus pentahalide in the presence of an inert solvent at ⁇ 70 to 140° C., in particular ⁇ 30 to 120° C., preferably ⁇ 15 to 60° C., with from 1 to 6 mol, in particular 1 to 2.5 mol, of
- the phosphorus pentahalide employed is PCl 5 or PBr 5 , in particular PCl 5 .
- the inert solvent employed is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or a mono- or polychlorinated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon.
- Very suitable inert solvents are, for example, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, toluene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, technical mixtures of isomeric xylenes, methylene chloride, tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene or chlorotoluene. It is also possible to use mixtures of solvents.
- the phosphorus pentahalide is suspended or dissolved in the inert solvent and the reaction is carried out with the addition of the aforementioned nitrogen-containing compounds.
- the invention further relates to the use of the compounds of the formula (1) as catalyst and cocatalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitutions and halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.
- the invention further relates to the use of the mixtures of substances comprising at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2), quaternary ammonium salts or phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers as catalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitutions and halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.
- Dioctylamino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 1 from 41.65 g (0.2 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 48.3 g (0.2 mol) of dioctylamine and 99.6 g (1.4 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Morpholino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 1 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 43.6 g (0.5 mol) of morpholine and 214.6 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(piperidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 2 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 66.9 g (0.5 mol) of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine and 255.4 g (3.0 mol) of piperidine.
- Tris(dibutylamino)-(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide is prepared in analogy to Comparative Example A from 41.65 g (0.2 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 77.50 g (0.6 mol) of dibutylamine, an excess of ammonia and 47.9 g (0.44 mol) of ethyl bromide.
- the reaction mixture is dried by azeotropic distillation of the chlorobenzene under reduced pressure. After 20 hours at 170° C., the formation of 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) and the conversion in the reaction are determined by gas chromatography.
- DFBAL 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde
- the reaction mixture is dried by azeotropic distillation of the chlorobenzene under reduced pressure. After 20 hours at 165° C., the formation of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL) and 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) and the conversion in the reaction are determined by gas chromatography.
- CFBAL 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde
- DFBAL 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
or —N{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}2
where m and n are an integer from 1 to 10, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the remaining radical(s) R1 to R4 are
or —NR9R10, where R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
and X− is an inorganic or organic anion or an equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion. The invention further relates to mixtures of substances comprising compounds of the formula (1), to a process for preparing the compounds of the formula (1) and to the use thereof.
Description
- The present invention relates to novel aminophosphonium compounds, to substance mixtures containing them, and to the preparation and use thereof.
- Aminophosphonium compounds are used, as is evident from WO 98/32532 and WO 98/22413, as catalysts for preparing fluorine-containing compounds by a halogen/fluorine exchange reaction (halex reaction). Although the tetrakis-(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide used in WO 98/32532 and WO 98/22413 gives good results, it has a very high dermal toxicity which stands in the way of industrial use, however.
- The object is to provide novel compounds which are suitable as catalyst or component of catalyst systems for phase-transfer reactions, in particular for halogen-fluorine exchange reactions, have a lower dermal toxicity and achieve or even exceed the results obtainable on use of tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide.
-
-
-
- or —N{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}2
-
- or —NR9R10, where R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X− is an inorganic or organic anion or an equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion.
-
-
- or —N{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}2
-
- or —NR9R10.
- Importance further attaches to compounds of the formula (1) in which m and n are an integer from 1 to 6, and R5, R6, R7, R1, R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
-
- —N{(CH2—CH2—O)mR5}2 or —N{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}2
- preferably —N{(CH2—CH2—O)mR5}2 or —N{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}2, particularly preferably —N{(CH2—CH2—O)mR5}2.
-
- In the compounds of the formula (1), X− is F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, ClO4 −, BF4 −, PF6 −, NO3 −, HSO4 −, ½ SO4 2−, H2PO4 −, ½ HPO4 2−, ⅓ PO4 3−, R′—COO−, where R′ is an alkyl radical having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, benzyl radical or naphthyl radical, R″—SO3 −, where R″ is an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, tolyl radical or naphthyl radical, HCO3 −, ½ CO3 2− or ½ C6H4(COO−)2.
- X− is, in particular, F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, BF4 −, PF6 − or ½ SO4 2−, preferably F−, Cl−, or Br−, particularly preferably Cl−.
- The following aminophosphonium compounds (aminophosphonium salts) may be mentioned as examples without claiming completeness.
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-diethoxyethylene)amino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-diethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-diethoxyethylene)amino)-(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Morpholino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Dimorpholino-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Trimorpholino-(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-bis(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-diethoxyethylene)amino-tris(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-diethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-diethoxyethylene)amino)-(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino-tris(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Morpholino-tris(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Dimorpholino-bis(piperidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-bis(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino-tris(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Morpholino-tris(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Dimorpholino-bis(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Trimorpholino-(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-bis(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-bisethoxyethylene)amino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-bisethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-bisethoxyethylene)amino)-(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tris(dimethylamino)-morpholino-phosphonium chloride
- Bis(dimethylamino)-dimorpholino-phosphonium chloride
- Dimethylamino-trimorpholino-phosphonium chloride
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-bis(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino-tris(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Di (bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tri(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tris(butyl-ethylamino)-morpholino-phosphonium chloride
- Bis(butyl-ethylamino)-dimorpholino-phosphonium chloride
- (Butyl-ethylamino)-trimorpholino-phosphonium chloride
- N-Methylpiperazino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(N-methylpiperazino)-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- Tris(N-methylpiperazino)-(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride
- N-Methylpiperazino-tris(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(N-methylpiperazino)-bis(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tris(N-methylpiperazino)-(diethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- N-Methylpiperazino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(N-methylpiperazino)-bis(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tris(N-methylpiperazino)-(dimethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- N-Methylpiperazino-tris(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Bis(N-methylpiperazino)-bis(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- Tris(N-methylpiperazino)-(butyl-ethylamino)phosphonium chloride
- In place of the listed aminophosphonium chlorides it is also possible to employ, for example, the corresponding bromides, iodides, fluorides, sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, acetates or phthalates.
-
-
-
- polyethers of the formula R20—(O—CxH2x)s—OR21 (4) and crown ethers,
- in which in formula (2) R11, R12 and R13 are identical or different and are a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH2pO)rR15 in which R15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 10 and r is an integer from 1 to 15;
- or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
- or an unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl radical, or a substituted phenyl or naphthyl radical, where the substituents have the meaning of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, nitro or cyano;
- R14 is a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH2pO)rR15 and
- Y− is an inorganic anion;
- and in formula (3)
- R16, R17, R18 and R19 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical or a C1-C4-alkylaryl radical, where aryl has the meaning of phenyl or naphthyl, and said substituents are halogen,
- C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, nitro or cyano; Z has the meaning of N or P, and Y− is an inorganic anion;
- and in formula (4)
- R20 and R21 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms;
- x is an integer from 2 to 6 and
- s is an integer from 1 to 60;
- or one of the radicals R20 and R21 is hydrogen and the other one of the radicals is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
- x is an integer from 2 to 6 and s is an integer from 2 to 50, or the radicals R20 and R21 are hydrogen, x is an integer from 2 to 6 and s is an integer from 3 to 5.
- The present invention relates in particular to mixtures of substances which comprise at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2), quaternary ammonium salts and phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers, in which in formula (2) R11, R12 and R13 are identical or different and are a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH2pO)rR15 in-which R15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 5 and r is an integer from 2 to 10; or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl radical; R14 is a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH2pO)rR15, in which R15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 5 and r is an integer from 2 to 10; and X− is fluoride, chloride, bromide, SO4 2−/2 or hydrogen sulfate.
- Mixtures of substances of particular interest are those comprising at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2).
- Mention should also be made of mixtures of substances of the above type comprising at least one ammonium salt or phosphonium salt of the formula (3), in which in formula (3) R16, R17, R18 and R19 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical or a C1-C4-alkylaryl radical, where aryl has the meaning of phenyl or naphthyl, and said substituents are halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, nitro or cyano.
- Mixtures of substances of the above type comprising at least one polyether of the formula (4) or crown ether, in which in formula (4) R20 and R21 are identical or different and are hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8.1carbon atoms, x is an integer from 2 to 3 and s is an integer from 4 to 50, are likewise of interest.
- The mixtures of substances normally comprise from 5 to 95% by weight, in particular 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 25 to 75% by weight, of at least one compound of the formula (1). The residual 95 to 5% by weight, in particular 80 to 20% by weight, preferably 75 to 25% by weight, of the mixtures of substances account for the remainder, namely at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2) of quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers, in particular at least one compound from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2).
-
-
-
-
- or HNR9R10 per halogen equivalent still to be exchanged. This reaction of the reaction product takes place at −15 to 140° C., in particular 0 to 130° C., preferably 20 to 130° C.
- The phosphorus pentahalide employed is PCl5 or PBr5, in particular PCl5.
- The inert solvent employed is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or a mono- or polychlorinated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon.
- Very suitable inert solvents are, for example, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, toluene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, technical mixtures of isomeric xylenes, methylene chloride, tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene or chlorotoluene. It is also possible to use mixtures of solvents.
- The phosphorus pentahalide is suspended or dissolved in the inert solvent and the reaction is carried out with the addition of the aforementioned nitrogen-containing compounds.
- This results in compounds of the formula (1) in which X− is a halide. If required, the halide can be exchanged for another one of the aforementioned anions by metathesis.
- The invention further relates to the use of the compounds of the formula (1) as catalyst and cocatalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitutions and halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.
- The invention further relates to the use of the mixtures of substances comprising at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2), quaternary ammonium salts or phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers as catalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitutions and halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.
- The following examples describe the present invention further without restricting it.
- Experimental Section
- Preparation of the aminophosphonium compounds (aminophosphonium salts)
- 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride are introduced into 400 g of chlorobenzene and cooled to −20 to −10° C. At this temperature, 66.89 g (0.5 mol) of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine are added dropwise in such a way that the internal temperature does not exceed 0° C. After the addition, the mixture is allowed to warm slowly to 30° C. and is then heated at 90-100° C. for one hour.
- It is then cooled again to 10° C., and 214.5 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine are added dropwise in such a way that the internal temperature does not exceed 15° C. After the addition, the mixture is heated to reflux for two hours.
- After cooling to 0° C., 779.94 g (3.9 mol) of 20% strength sodium hydroxide solution are cautiously used to make alkaline. The aqueous phase is separated off and discarded. Excess amine is then distilled out of the organic phase. After the end of the distillation, HCl is used to acidify to pH=6-7 and, after filtration, the chloro-benzene is stripped off in a rotary evaporator.
- Elemental analysis: C=55.2%, H=8.9%, N=12.9%, P=7.0%, Cl=8.2%
- 104, 12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride are introduced into 400 g of chlorobenzene and cooled to −20 tol ° C. At this temperature, 133.78 g (1 mol) of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine are added dropwise in such a way that the internal temperature does not exceed 0° C. After the addition, the mixture is heated at 100° C. for one hour.
- It is then cooled again to 10° C., and 214.55 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine are added dropwise in such a way that the internal temperature does not exceed 15° C. After the addition, the mixture is heated to reflux for two hours. After cooling to 0° C., 779.94 g (3.9 mol) of 20% strength sodium hydroxide solution (equivalent to 155.99 g of NaOH) are cautiously used to make alkaline. The aqueous phase is separated off and discarded. After addition of 71.93 g (0.6 mol) of potassium bromide, excess free amine is distilled out of the organic phase. After the end of the distillation, HBr is used to acidify to pH=6-7 and, after filtration, the chlorobenzene is stripped off in a rotary evaporator.
- Elemental analysis: C=46.9%, H=8.8%, N=10.6%, P=5.9%, Br=15.2%, Cl=0.14%
- 42.7 g (0.6 mol) of pyrrolidine are added dropwise to 20.8 g (0.1 mol) of PCl5 in 100 ml of chlorobenzene in 1 hour so that the internal temperature does not exceed 15° C. After the addition, the mixture is stirred at 50° C. for one hour and then, at a reaction temperature of 25° C., 16 g (0.22 mol) of n-butylamine are added.
- After 1 hour under reflux, the mixture is again cooled to 25° C. and hydrolyzed with 200 ml of ice-water, and the aqueous phase is separated off. After the excess amine has been distilled off, 19.9 g (0.5 mol) of NaOH in 20 ml of water are introduced. At 50° C., 12.0 g (0.11 mol) of ethyl bromide are added dropwise. After stirring at 70° C. for 3 hours, the mixture is cooled to 25° C. and diluted with 200 ml of water. The organic phase is separated off and acidified to pH=6-7 with 60% strength hydro-bromic acid. After all the volatile constituents have been distilled off, 33.6 g (n-butyl-ethylamino)-tris-(pyrrolidino)phosphonium bromide are obtained as a pale brownish oil.
- Bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 1 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus penta-chloride, 198.75 g (0.5 mol) of bis-(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amine (═HN{(CH2—CH2—O)4CH3}2) and 214.55 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Elemental analysis: C=53.6%, H=9.6%, N=8.1%, P=4.3%, Cl=5.6%
- Bis(bis(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amino)-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 2 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus penta-chloride, 397.51 g (1 mol) of bis-(methyl-tetraethoxyethylene)amine (═HN{(CH2—CH2—O)4CH3}2) and 214.55 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Elemental analysis: C=44.7%, H=8.3%, N=6.5%, P=3.7%, Cl=4.5%
- 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride are introduced into 400 g of chlorobenzene and cooled to −20 to −10° C. At a reaction temperature of <5° C., 401.34 g (3 mol) of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine are added dropwise. After the addition, the mixture is slowly allowed to warm to 30° C. and is then heated at 100° C. for one hour.
- At 20° C., 36 g (2.1 mol) of ammonia are passed in. After hydrolysis with 850 g of 20% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the chlorobenzene and the excess bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine are distilled out of the organic phase (120° C., 10 mbar). The oily residue is taken up in 300 ml of chlorobenzene, and 340 g of 50% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are added. At 50° C., 119 g (1.1 mol) of ethyl bromide are added dropwise, and the mixture is then stirred at 70° C. for three hours to complete the reaction. Then, at 20° C., 350 ml of water are added and, after phase separation, the organic phase is neutralized with 24 g of 36% strength hydrobromic acid. Removal of all volatile constituents by distillation results in 33.6 g of tris(2-methoxyethyl)amino-(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide as a brownish oil:
- Elemental analysis: C=36.1%, H=7.9%, N=7.5%, P=4.15%, Br=9.8%, Cl=0.5%.
- 41.65 g (0.2 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride are introduced into 200 g of toluene and cooled to −20° C. Then 20.03 g (0.2 mol) of N-methylpiperazine are added dropwise in such a way that the internal temperature does not exceed 5° C. After the addition, the mixture is heated at 100° C. for one hour.
- At 10° C., 56.9 g (0.8 mol) of pyrrolidine are added dropwise. After the addition, the mixture is allowed to warm slowly to 20° C. After a further 30 min, it is heated to reflux for two hours.
- After hydrolysis with 20% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the toluene and the excess amine are distilled out of the organic phase (120° C., 10 mbar). 69.6 g of N-methylpiperazino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride are obtained as a brownish oil.
- Elemental analysis: C=54.3%, H=9.6%, N=18.5%, P=8.15%, Cl=9.7%
- Dioctylamino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 1 from 41.65 g (0.2 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 48.3 g (0.2 mol) of dioctylamine and 99.6 g (1.4 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Elemental analysis: C=65.3%, H=11.6%, N=10.5%, P=5.9%, Cl=7.0%
- Morpholino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 1 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 43.6 g (0.5 mol) of morpholine and 214.6 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Elemental analysis: C=52.8%, H=9.0%, N=15.3%, P=8.4%, Cl=10.1%
- The corresponding bromide is obtained by salts metathesis in analogy to Example 2.
- Bis(morpholino)-bis(pyrrolidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 2 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 87.12 g (1 mol) of morpholine and 214.55 g (3.0 mol) of pyrrolidine.
- Elemental analysis: C=50.6%, H=8.7%, N=14.6%, P=8.0%, Cl=9.5%
- The corresponding bromide is obtained by salt metathesis in analogy to Example 2.
- Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino-tris(piperidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 2 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 66.9 g (0.5 mol) of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine and 255.4 g (3.0 mol) of piperidine.
- Bis(bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-bis(piperidino)phosphonium chloride is prepared in analogy to Example 1 from 104.12 g (0.5 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 133.2 g (1 mol) of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine and 212.9 g (2.5 mol) of piperidine.
- (Comparison Substance)
- 109.7 g (1.5 mol) of diethylamine are added dropwise to a 52.1 g (0.25 mol) of PCl5 in 220 ml of chlorobenzene in 1 hour so that the internal temperature does not exceed 5° C. After the addition, the mixture is stirred at 30° C. for one hour and then, at T=15° C., 30 g of ammonia are passed in:
- After 1 hour, 340 g of 20% strength sodium hydroxide solution are added, and the aqueous phase is separated off. The excess diethylamine is distilled out of the organic phase. Then 170 g of 50% strength sodium hydroxide solution and 60 g (0.55 mol) of ethyl bromide are added, and the mixture is heated at 50° C. for 4 hours. After phase separation, the organic phase is acidified to pH=6-7 with 60% strength hydrobromic acid. Removal of all the volatile constituents by distillation results in 83.9 g of tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide as a pale brownish oil.
- (Comparison Substance)
- Tris(dibutylamino)-(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide is prepared in analogy to Comparative Example A from 41.65 g (0.2 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride, 77.50 g (0.6 mol) of dibutylamine, an excess of ammonia and 47.9 g (0.44 mol) of ethyl bromide.
- Elemental analysis: C=53.2%, H=10.9%, N=12.3%, P=6.75%, Br=16.3%, Cl=0.7%
- Testing of the Catalytic Activity:
- Preparation of 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) from 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL) by chlorine-fluorine exchange reaction
- At 60° C., 4.4 g (0.01 mol) of tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide (Comparative Example 1A) or 5.7 g (0.01 mol) of tris(dibutylamino)-(diethylamino)-phosphonium bromide (Comparative Example 1B) and, in each case, 17.6 g (0.03 mol) of methyl-tris(methyltetraethoxy)ammonium chloride [{CH3—(O—C2H4)4}3NCH3]Cl, 58.3 g (1 mol) of potassium fluoride and 10 ml of chlorobenzene are successively added to 158.6 g (1 mol) of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL). The reaction mixture is dried by azeotropic distillation of the chlorobenzene under reduced pressure. After 20 hours at 170° C., the formation of 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) and the conversion in the reaction are determined by gas chromatography.
- In the following examples identified by an * in Table 1, in place of tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide there is used an equivalent molar quantity of the aminophosphonium salt indicated in each case in Table 1 (0.01 mol in each case) and 0.03 mol of methyl-tris(methyltetraethoxy)ammonium chloride. The procedure is otherwise analogous to Comparative Example 1A.
- The numerical data in Table 1 correspond to GC percentage areas. The difference from 100% (remainder) which is likewise indicated in Table 1 is a measure of side reactions and decomposition.
TABLE 1 Yields of 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) from the halex reaction of 2-chloro-6- fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL) in GC % areas Re- Aminophosphonium salt DFBAL CFBAL mainder No catalysts 16.2 72.1 11.7 [(Et2N)4P]Br 56.1 24.7 19.2 [(Bu2N) 3(Et2N)P]Br 63.0 20.1 16.9 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 68.9 15.0 16.1 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)(pyrrolidino)3P]Cl * 67.7 17.8 14.5 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)2(pyrrolidino)2P]Br * 70.2 12.3 17.5 [{(Et)(Bu)N}(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 64.4 22.6 13.0 [{(Me(O—C2H4)4)2N}(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 71.5 18.4 10.1 [{(Me(O—C2H4)4)2N}2(pyrrolidino)2P]Br * 70.8 17.2 12.0 [(N-Me(piperazino)(pyrrolidino)3P]Cl * 68.2 18.2 13.6 [(Morpholino)(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 68.5 18.1 13.4 [(Morpholino)(pyrrolidino)3P]Cl * 68.2 17.1 14.7 [(Morpholino)2(pyrrolidino)2P]Br * 66.3 19.7 14.0 [(Morpholino)2(pyrrolidino)2P]Cl * 65.8 20.1 14.1 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)(piperidino)3P]Cl * 71.2 16.8 12.0 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)2(piperidino)2P]Cl * 70.4 18.2 11.4 - Testing of the Catalytic Activity:
- Preparation of 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) and 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL) from 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde (DCBAL) by chlorine-fluorine exchange reaction.
- At 60° C., 8.8 g (0.02 mol) of tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide (Comparative Example 2A) or 11.35 g (0.02 mol) of tris(dibutylamino)(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide (Comparison Example 2B) and, in each case, 35.2 g (0.06 mol) of methyl-tris(methyltetraethoxy)ammonium chloride, 116.2 g (2 mol) of potassium fluoride and 10 ml of chlorobenzene are successfully added to 175.0 g (1 mol) of 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde (DCBAL). The reaction mixture is dried by azeotropic distillation of the chlorobenzene under reduced pressure. After 20 hours at 165° C., the formation of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL) and 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) and the conversion in the reaction are determined by gas chromatography.
- In the following examples identified by an * in Table 2, in place of tetrakis-(diethylamino)phosphonium bromide there is used an equivalent molar quantity of the aminophosphonium salt indicated in each case (0.02 mol in each case) and 0.06 mol of methyl-tris(methyltetraethoxy)ammonium chloride. The procedure is otherwise analogous to Comparative Example 2A.
- The numerical data in Table 2 correspond to GC percentage areas. The difference from 100% (remainder) which is likewise indicated in Table 2 is a measure of side reactions and decomposition.
TABLE 2 Yields of 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde (DFBAL) and 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (CFBAL) from the halex reaction of 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde (DCBAL) in GC % areas Aminophosphonium salt DFBAL CFBAL DCBAL Remainder no catalyst 1.2 11.4 71.5 15.9 [(Et2N)4P]Br 40.2 26.9 11.2 21.7 [(Bu2N)3(Et2N)P]Br 41.1 27.5 10.4 21.0 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 51.1 36.1 1.8 11.0 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)(pyrrolidino)3P]Cl * 50.7 37.8 2.1 9.4 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)2(pyrrolidino)2P]Br * 50.6 37.3 1.4 10.7 [{(Et)(Bu)N}(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 43.6 31.2 8.6 16.6 [(Octyl2N)(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 41.6 33.5 8.1 16.8 [{(Me(O—C2H4)4)2N}(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 53.8 31.4 3.9 10.9 [{(Me(O—C2H4)4)2N}2(pyrrolidino)2P]Br * 50.4 36.8 2.1 10.7 [(N-Me(piperazino)(pyrrolidino)3P]Cl * 46.9 38.2 4.4 10.5 [(Morpholino)(pyrrolidino)3P]Br * 46.9 32.3 5.1 15.7 [(Morpholino)(pyrrolidino)3P]Cl * 47.2 34.8 5.4 12.6 [(Morpholino)2(pyrrolidino)2P]Br * 47.8 35.6 5.2 11.4 [(Morpholino)2(pyrrolidino)2P]Cl * 49.6 31.9 4.8 13.7 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)(piperidino)3P]Cl * 54.2 34.4 1.7 9.7 [(Me(OCH2CH2)2N)2(piperidino)2P]Cl * 53.1 35.5 1.5 9.9 -
Claims (12)
1. A compound of the formula
in which one, two or three of the radicals R1, R2, R3 and R4 are
—N{(CH2—CH2—O)mR5}2,
or —N{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}2
where m and n are an integer from 1 to 10, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the remaining radical(s) R1 to R4 are
or —NR9R10, where R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
and X− is an inorganic or organic anion or an equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion.
3. A compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein m and n are an integer from 1 to 6, and R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
4. A compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein X− is F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, ClO4 −, BF4 −, PF6 −, NO3 −, HSO4 −, ½ SO4 2−, H2PO4 −, ½ HPO4 2−, ⅓ PO4 3−, R′—COO−, where R′ is an alkyl radical having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, benzyl radical or naphthyl radical, R″—SO3 −, where R″ is an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, tolyl radical or naphthyl radical, HCO3 −, ½ CO3 2− or ½ C6H4(COO−)2.
5. A mixture of substances comprising at least one compound of the formula
in which R1, R2, R3, R4 and X have the above meaning, and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula
quaternary ammonium salts or phosphonium salts of the formula
polyethers of the formula R20—(O—CxH2x)s—OR21 (4) and crown ethers,
in which in formula (2) R11, R12 and R13 are identical or different and are a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH2pO)rR15 in which R15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 10 and r is an integer from 1 to 15;
or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
or an unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl radical, or a substituted phenyl or naphthyl radical, where the substituents have the meaning of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, nitro or cyano;
R14 is a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH 2pO)rR15 and
Y− is an inorganic anion;
and in formula (3)
R16, R17, R18 and R19 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical or a C1-C4-alkylaryl radical, where aryl has the meaning of phenyl or naphthyl, and said substituents are halogen,
C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, nitro or cyano; Z has the meaning of N or P, and Y− is an inorganic anion;
and in formula (4)
R20 and R21 are identical or different and are a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms;
x is an integer from 2 to 6 and
s is an integer from 1 to 60;
or one of the radicals R20 and R21 is hydrogen and the other one of the radicals is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
x is an integer from 2 to 6 and s is an integer from 2 to 50, or the radicals R20 and R21 are hydrogen, x is an integer from 2 to 6 and s is an integer from 3 to 5.
6. A mixture of substances as claimed in claim 5 , which comprise at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2), quaternary ammonium salts and phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers, in which in formula (2) R11, R12 and R13 are identical or different and are a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH2pO)rR5 in which R15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 5 and r is an integer from 2 to 10; or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; or an unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl radical; R14 is a linear or branched radical of the formula —(CpH 2pO)rR15, in which R15 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 5 and r is an integer from 2 to 10; and X− is fluoride, chloride, bromide, SO4 2−/2 or hydrogen sulfate.
7. A mixture of substances as claimed in claim 5 , which comprises at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2).
8. A process for preparing compounds of the formula
which comprises reacting a phosphorus pentahalide in the presence of an inert solvent at from −70 to 140° C. with from 1 to 6 mol of
HN{(CH2—CH2—O)mR5}2,
or HN{(CH2—CH2—N(R7))nR8}, per halogen equivalent to be exchanged, and subsequently reacting the reaction product with from 1 to 10 mol of
or HNR9R10 per halogen equivalent still to be exchanged.
9. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein PCl5 or PBr5 is employed as phosphorus pentahalide.
10. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or a mono- or polychlorinated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon is employed as inert solvent.
11. The use of a compound of the formula (1) as catalyst and cocatalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitutions and halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.
12. The use of a mixture of substances comprising at least one compound of the formula (1) and at least one compound selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (2), quaternary ammonium salts or phosphonium salts of the formula (3), polyethers of the formula (4) and crown ethers as catalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitutions and halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/632,396 US20040029723A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-08-01 | Novel aminophosphonium compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19934595A DE19934595A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | New aminophosphonium compounds |
DE19934595.3 | 1999-07-23 | ||
US09/617,471 US6465643B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-17 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
US10/135,252 US6645904B2 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2002-04-30 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
US10/632,396 US20040029723A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-08-01 | Novel aminophosphonium compounds |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/135,252 Division US6645904B2 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2002-04-30 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20040029723A1 true US20040029723A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
Family
ID=7915816
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/617,471 Expired - Lifetime US6465643B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-17 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
US10/135,252 Expired - Lifetime US6645904B2 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2002-04-30 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
US10/632,396 Abandoned US20040029723A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-08-01 | Novel aminophosphonium compounds |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/617,471 Expired - Lifetime US6465643B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-17 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
US10/135,252 Expired - Lifetime US6645904B2 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2002-04-30 | Aminophosphonium compounds |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6465643B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1070723B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001064290A (en) |
DE (2) | DE19934595A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2213523T3 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060241300A1 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2006-10-26 | Thomas Wessel | Phosphazenium salt mixtures containing hexakis(amino)diphosphazenium, tetrakis(amino)-phosphonium and polyaminophosphazenium salts |
US9269998B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-02-23 | Fluidic, Inc. | Concave gas vent for electrochemical cell |
US9325037B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-04-26 | Fluidic, Inc. | Hetero-ionic aromatic additives for electrochemical cells comprising a metal fuel |
US11664547B2 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2023-05-30 | Form Energy, Inc. | Moisture and carbon dioxide management system in electrochemical cells |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0105053D0 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2001-04-18 | Rhodia Cons Spec Ltd | Halogenated phosphines |
US7037540B2 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2006-05-02 | Frito-Lay North America, Inc. | Method for reducing acrylamide formation in thermally processed foods |
US20060069291A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | General Electric Company | Phosphazenium salt phase transfer catalysts |
US7138551B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2006-11-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Purification of fluorinated alcohols |
RU2409584C2 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2011-01-20 | Канто Денка Когио Ко., Лтд. | Ionic liquid containing phosphonium cation with p-n bond, and method of producing said liquid |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6103659A (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 2000-08-15 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Catalyst comprising an amidophosphonium salt for halex reactions |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001504495A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2001-04-03 | アルベマール・コーポレーシヨン | Halogen exchange reactions and their use |
DE19738196A1 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-04 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the preparation of fluorine-containing compounds in high purity |
-
1999
- 1999-07-23 DE DE19934595A patent/DE19934595A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-07-05 ES ES00114362T patent/ES2213523T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-05 DE DE50005386T patent/DE50005386D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-05 EP EP00114362A patent/EP1070723B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-17 US US09/617,471 patent/US6465643B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-24 JP JP2000222430A patent/JP2001064290A/en active Pending
-
2002
- 2002-04-30 US US10/135,252 patent/US6645904B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-08-01 US US10/632,396 patent/US20040029723A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6103659A (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 2000-08-15 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Catalyst comprising an amidophosphonium salt for halex reactions |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060241300A1 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2006-10-26 | Thomas Wessel | Phosphazenium salt mixtures containing hexakis(amino)diphosphazenium, tetrakis(amino)-phosphonium and polyaminophosphazenium salts |
US9269998B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-02-23 | Fluidic, Inc. | Concave gas vent for electrochemical cell |
US9325037B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-04-26 | Fluidic, Inc. | Hetero-ionic aromatic additives for electrochemical cells comprising a metal fuel |
US11664547B2 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2023-05-30 | Form Energy, Inc. | Moisture and carbon dioxide management system in electrochemical cells |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020193592A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
EP1070723A1 (en) | 2001-01-24 |
DE50005386D1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
US6465643B1 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
EP1070723B1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
ES2213523T3 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
DE19934595A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
US6645904B2 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
JP2001064290A (en) | 2001-03-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7247733B2 (en) | Process for preparing nuclear-fluorinated aromatics | |
Silvestru et al. | Tetraorganodichalcogenoimidodiphosphorus acids and their main group metal derivatives | |
US20080194886A1 (en) | Catalysts for nucleophilic substitution, synthesis thereof, composition containing them and use thereof | |
US6465643B1 (en) | Aminophosphonium compounds | |
JP2008044944A (en) | Use of composition of ionic nature as substrate reagent, composition constituting fluorination reagent, and method using the same | |
US7714144B2 (en) | Method for the production of 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl fluorides | |
US8871668B2 (en) | Immobilized lewis acid catalysts coated with ionic liquids and use thereof | |
JPS6314740A (en) | Conversion of organic hydroxyl compound to halide | |
US6861544B1 (en) | Fluorous tin compounds an methods of using fluorous tin compounds | |
AU2003222764C1 (en) | Method for the production of monohydro-perfluoroalkanes, bis(perfluoroalkyl)phosphinates, and perfluoroalkylphosphonates | |
US6407029B1 (en) | Mixtures comprising tetrakis(pyrrolidino/piperdino)phosphonium salts | |
EP2167516B1 (en) | Process for producing phosphine oxide vitamin d precursors | |
ZA200409161B (en) | Method for the production of monohydro-perflouroalkanes, bis(perflouroalkyl)phosphinates, and perfluoroalkylphosphonates. | |
US20100204074A1 (en) | Compounds That Are Liquid At Ambient Temperature | |
US20060241300A1 (en) | Phosphazenium salt mixtures containing hexakis(amino)diphosphazenium, tetrakis(amino)-phosphonium and polyaminophosphazenium salts | |
US5138107A (en) | Phase transfer catalyzed halogenation of carbon acids | |
JPS5920680B2 (en) | Method for producing phosphorothioate or phenyl phosphorothioate | |
SU1766928A1 (en) | Method for synthesis of dialkyldiaryl- or trialkylarylphosphonium halogenides | |
US5892035A (en) | Process for preparing N,N'-difluorodiazoniabicycloalkane salt, intermediate therefor | |
JPH0751529B2 (en) | Method for producing fluorobenzaldehydes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CLARIANT GMBH, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SCHIEMENZ, BERTHOLD;WESSEL, THOMAS;PFIRMANN, RALF;REEL/FRAME:014365/0377;SIGNING DATES FROM 20000703 TO 20000706 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |