US20040000158A1 - Therapeutic freezing device and method - Google Patents

Therapeutic freezing device and method Download PDF

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US20040000158A1
US20040000158A1 US10/306,496 US30649602A US2004000158A1 US 20040000158 A1 US20040000158 A1 US 20040000158A1 US 30649602 A US30649602 A US 30649602A US 2004000158 A1 US2004000158 A1 US 2004000158A1
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superconducting
needle
hollow body
coolant medium
therapeutic
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Chin-Kuang Luo
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/10—Liquid materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B19/00—Machines, plants or systems, using evaporation of a refrigerant but without recovery of the vapour
    • F25B19/005—Machines, plants or systems, using evaporation of a refrigerant but without recovery of the vapour the refrigerant being a liquefied gas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00059—Material properties
    • A61B2018/00089—Thermal conductivity
    • A61B2018/00095—Thermal conductivity high, i.e. heat conducting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a therapeutic freezing device, more particularly to a therapeutic freezing device to be used in combination with a coolant medium and insertable into an abnormal tissue of a patient to freeze and destroy the tissue.
  • the invention also relates to a therapeutic freezing method which utilizes the therapeutic freezing device.
  • Conventional freezing therapy involves the destruction of abnormal tissue, such as cancerous tissue, by ultra-low temperature coolant medium.
  • a probe device is inserted into a target site of an abnormal tissue of a patient, and liquefied nitrogen is then injected into the target site of the abnormal tissue through the probe device so as to destroy the abnormal tissue.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a therapeutic freezing device to be used in combination with a coolant medium so as to transfer the low-temperature of the coolant medium to the abnormal tissue that is to be treated through a superconducting layer.
  • a therapeutic freezing device to include a barrel and a superconducting needle.
  • the barrel defines a receiving space adapted to receive the coolant medium and having a coolant medium entrance end.
  • the superconducting needle is mounted on the barrel and is adapted to contact the coolant medium so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium is transferred to the superconducting needle.
  • the superconducting needle includes a superconductive material.
  • a therapeutic freezing method is provided to include the steps of:
  • a superconducting needle is provided for use in the inventive therapeutic freezing device.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the first preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the second preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device according to this invention.
  • the first preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device 1 is shown to include a barrel 2 , a superconducting needle 4 , a transporting tube 5 detachably connected to the barrel 2 for transporting a coolant medium 3 into the barrel 2 , and a control valve 6 mounted on the barrel 2 for controlling the flow rate of the coolant medium 3 flowing into the barrel 2 .
  • the barrel 2 defines a receiving space 21 adapted to receive the coolant medium 3 and having a coolant medium entrance end (not shown in the figures). Liquefied nitrogen is used as the coolant medium 3 in this preferred embodiment.
  • the superconducting needle 4 is mounted on the barrel 2 and is adapted to contact the coolant medium 3 so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium 3 is transferred to the superconducing needle 4 .
  • the superconducting needle 4 includes a hollow body 40 and a superconducting layer 42 made of a superconductive material, disposed in the hollow body 40 , and forming a superconductor lining on an inner wall surface of the hollow body 40 .
  • the superconducting needle 4 has a contacting end portion 43 mounted in the receiving space 21 of the barrel 2 adjacent to an end 22 of the barrel 2 away from the coolant medium entrance end so as to contact the coolant medium 21 in the barrel 2 for thermal exchange, and a freezing end 44 extending away from the contacting end portion 43 so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium 21 is transferred from the contacting end portion 43 to the freezing end 44 through the superconductor lining on the inner wall surface of the hollow body 40 of the superconducting needle 4 .
  • the superconducting needle 4 further includes an insulated middle portion 45 between the contacting end portion 43 and the freezing end 44 .
  • the insulated middle portion 45 of the superconducting needle 4 extends out of the barrel 2 and includes an insulating shell 7 covering the insulated middle portion 45 .
  • the freezing end 44 of the superconducting needle 4 extends out of the insulating shell 7 .
  • the insulating shell 7 is made of any suitable material, such as reinforced glass or any other suitable rigid material.
  • the hollow body 40 of the superconducting needle 4 is made of a heat conductive material, such as aluminum, copper, or a metal alloy, or a material which exhibits excellent heat conducting characteristics.
  • the superconducting layer 42 is formed by a vacuum deposition process.
  • the inner surface of the hollow body 40 is passivated, washed and dried.
  • the superconductive material is then injected or filled into the hollow body 40 , which is then vacuumed and sealed so as to form the superconductor lining on the inner surface of the hollow body 40 .
  • the thermal superconductive material includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium peroxide, sodium oxide, beryllium oxide, manganese sesquioxide, aluminum dichromate, calcium dichromate, boron oxide, dichromate radical, and combinations thereof; at least one compound selected from the group consisting of cobaltous oxide, manganese sesquioxide, beryllium oxide, strontium chromate, strontium carbonate, rhodium oxide, cupric oxide, ⁇ -titanium, potassium dichromate, boron oxide, calcium dichromate, manganese dichromate, aluminum dichromate, dichromate radical, and combinations thereof; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of denatured rhodium oxide, potassium dichromate, denatured radium oxide, sodium dichromate, silver dichromate, monocrystalline silicon, beryllium oxide, strontium chromate, boron oxide, sodium peroxide, ⁇ -titanium, a metal dichromat
  • the second preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device according to this invention is shown to be similar to the first preferred embodiment, except the insulating shell 7 is spaced from the insulated middle portion 45 of the superconducting needle 4 so as to define a vacuum space 8 therebetween.
  • the superconducting needle 4 of the therapeutic freezing device I is inserted into a target site of an abnormal tissue of a patient.
  • An ultrasonic detector is used to determine the inserting depth of the superconducting needle 4 .
  • the liquefied nitrogen is then injected into the receiving space 21 of the barrel 2 through the transporting tube 5 .
  • the low-temperature of the liquefied nitrogen is thermally exchanged from the liquefied nitrogen to the contacting end portion 43 of the superconducting needle 4 , and is then transferred from the contacting end portion 43 to the freezing end 44 through the superconductor lining on the inner wall surface of the hollow body 40 of the superconducting needle 4 so as to freeze and destroy the abnormal tissue without contact between the coolant medium and the tissue.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A therapeutic freezing device includes a barrel and a superconducting needle. The barrel defines a receiving space adapted to receive a coolant medium. The superconducting needle is mounted on the barrel and is adapted to contact the coolant medium so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium is transferred to the superconducting layer. The superconducting needle includes a superconductive material.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
  • This application claims priority of Taiwanese application No. 091114370, filed on Jun. 28, 2002. [0001]
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention [0002]
  • The invention relates to a therapeutic freezing device, more particularly to a therapeutic freezing device to be used in combination with a coolant medium and insertable into an abnormal tissue of a patient to freeze and destroy the tissue. The invention also relates to a therapeutic freezing method which utilizes the therapeutic freezing device. [0003]
  • 2. Description of the Related Art [0004]
  • Conventional freezing therapy involves the destruction of abnormal tissue, such as cancerous tissue, by ultra-low temperature coolant medium. To conduct freezing therapy, a probe device is inserted into a target site of an abnormal tissue of a patient, and liquefied nitrogen is then injected into the target site of the abnormal tissue through the probe device so as to destroy the abnormal tissue. [0005]
  • However, use of the conventional probe device results in the following shortcomings: [0006]
  • 1. When the liquefied nitrogen flows from a top end of the probe device to a needle end of the probe device through a main body of the probe device, an extremely low temperature of about −200° C. resulting from the liquefied nitrogen may also destroy normal tissue in contact with the main body of the probe device. [0007]
  • 2. Since the liquefied nitrogen is directly injected toward the tissue of the patient in the conventional probe device, the residual nitrogen in the tissue can result in adverse side effects for the patient. [0008]
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a therapeutic freezing device to be used in combination with a coolant medium so as to transfer the low-temperature of the coolant medium to the abnormal tissue that is to be treated through a superconducting layer. [0009]
  • According to one aspect of the present invention, a therapeutic freezing device is provided to include a barrel and a superconducting needle. The barrel defines a receiving space adapted to receive the coolant medium and having a coolant medium entrance end. The superconducting needle is mounted on the barrel and is adapted to contact the coolant medium so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium is transferred to the superconducting needle. The superconducting needle includes a superconductive material. [0010]
  • According to another aspect of the present invention, a therapeutic freezing method is provided to include the steps of: [0011]
  • inserting a superconducting needle into a target site of an abnormal tissue of a patient; [0012]
  • detecting and observing depth to which the superconducting needle must be inserted, and guiding the superconducting needle to reach said depth; [0013]
  • contacting a coolant medium with the superconducting needle to lower the temperature of the superconducting needle; and [0014]
  • contacting the superconducting needle with the tissue to freeze and destroy the tissue without contact between the coolant medium and the tissue. [0015]
  • In a further another aspect of this invention, a superconducting needle is provided for use in the inventive therapeutic freezing device.[0016]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which: [0017]
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device according to this invention; [0018]
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the first preferred embodiment; and [0019]
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the second preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device according to this invention. [0020]
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the first preferred embodiment of a [0021] therapeutic freezing device 1 according to this invention is shown to include a barrel 2, a superconducting needle 4, a transporting tube 5 detachably connected to the barrel 2 for transporting a coolant medium 3 into the barrel 2, and a control valve 6 mounted on the barrel 2 for controlling the flow rate of the coolant medium 3 flowing into the barrel 2.
  • The [0022] barrel 2 defines a receiving space 21 adapted to receive the coolant medium 3 and having a coolant medium entrance end (not shown in the figures). Liquefied nitrogen is used as the coolant medium 3 in this preferred embodiment. The superconducting needle 4 is mounted on the barrel 2 and is adapted to contact the coolant medium 3 so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium 3 is transferred to the superconducing needle 4. The superconducting needle 4 includes a hollow body 40 and a superconducting layer 42 made of a superconductive material, disposed in the hollow body 40, and forming a superconductor lining on an inner wall surface of the hollow body 40. The superconducting needle 4 has a contacting end portion 43 mounted in the receiving space 21 of the barrel 2 adjacent to an end 22 of the barrel 2 away from the coolant medium entrance end so as to contact the coolant medium 21 in the barrel 2 for thermal exchange, and a freezing end 44 extending away from the contacting end portion 43 so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium 21 is transferred from the contacting end portion 43 to the freezing end 44 through the superconductor lining on the inner wall surface of the hollow body 40 of the superconducting needle 4.
  • The [0023] superconducting needle 4 further includes an insulated middle portion 45 between the contacting end portion 43 and the freezing end 44. The insulated middle portion 45 of the superconducting needle 4 extends out of the barrel 2 and includes an insulating shell 7 covering the insulated middle portion 45. The freezing end 44 of the superconducting needle 4 extends out of the insulating shell 7. The insulating shell 7 is made of any suitable material, such as reinforced glass or any other suitable rigid material.
  • The [0024] hollow body 40 of the superconducting needle 4 is made of a heat conductive material, such as aluminum, copper, or a metal alloy, or a material which exhibits excellent heat conducting characteristics.
  • The [0025] superconducting layer 42 is formed by a vacuum deposition process. In actual practice, the inner surface of the hollow body 40 is passivated, washed and dried. The superconductive material is then injected or filled into the hollow body 40, which is then vacuumed and sealed so as to form the superconductor lining on the inner surface of the hollow body 40.
  • It is noted that the thermal superconductive material includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium peroxide, sodium oxide, beryllium oxide, manganese sesquioxide, aluminum dichromate, calcium dichromate, boron oxide, dichromate radical, and combinations thereof; at least one compound selected from the group consisting of cobaltous oxide, manganese sesquioxide, beryllium oxide, strontium chromate, strontium carbonate, rhodium oxide, cupric oxide, β-titanium, potassium dichromate, boron oxide, calcium dichromate, manganese dichromate, aluminum dichromate, dichromate radical, and combinations thereof; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of denatured rhodium oxide, potassium dichromate, denatured radium oxide, sodium dichromate, silver dichromate, monocrystalline silicon, beryllium oxide, strontium chromate, boron oxide, sodium peroxide, β-titanium, a metal dichromate, and combinations thereof. [0026]
  • Referring to FIG. 3, the second preferred embodiment of a therapeutic freezing device according to this invention is shown to be similar to the first preferred embodiment, except the [0027] insulating shell 7 is spaced from the insulated middle portion 45 of the superconducting needle 4 so as to define a vacuum space 8 therebetween.
  • In use, the [0028] superconducting needle 4 of the therapeutic freezing device I is inserted into a target site of an abnormal tissue of a patient. An ultrasonic detector is used to determine the inserting depth of the superconducting needle 4. The liquefied nitrogen is then injected into the receiving space 21 of the barrel 2 through the transporting tube 5. The low-temperature of the liquefied nitrogen is thermally exchanged from the liquefied nitrogen to the contacting end portion 43 of the superconducting needle 4, and is then transferred from the contacting end portion 43 to the freezing end 44 through the superconductor lining on the inner wall surface of the hollow body 40 of the superconducting needle 4 so as to freeze and destroy the abnormal tissue without contact between the coolant medium and the tissue.
  • Moreover, since the [0029] insulated middle portion 45 of the superconducting needle 4 is covered with the insulating shell 7, normal tissue will not be destroyed during the freezing therapeutic treatment. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 3, when the vacuum space 8 is formed between the insulating shell 7 and the insulated middle portion 45 of the superconducting needle 4, the insulating effect for preventing destruction of normal tissue during the freezing therapeutic treatment can be further enhanced.
  • While the present invention has been described in connection with what is considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that this invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent arrangements. [0030]

Claims (13)

I claim:
1. A therapeutic freezing device to be used in combination with a coolant medium and insertable into an abnormal tissue of a patient to freeze and destroy the tissue, comprising:
a barrel defining a receiving space adapted to receive the coolant medium and having a coolant medium entrance end; and
a superconducting needle mounted on said barrel and adapted to contact the coolant medium so that the low-temperature of the coolant medium is transferred to said superconducting needle, said superconducting needle including a superconductive material.
2. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said superconducting needle includes a hollow body and a superconducting layer made of said superconductive material, disposed in said hollow body, and forming a superconductor lining on an inner wall surface of said hollow body, said superconducting needle having a contacting end portion mounted in said receiving space of said barrel adjacent to an end of said barrel away from said coolant medium entrance end so as to contact the coolant medium in said barrel for thermal exchange, and a freezing end extending away from said contacting end portion.
3. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said superconducting needle further includes an insulated middle portion between said contacting end portion and said freezing end.
4. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said insulated middle portion of said superconducting needle extends out of said barrel and includes an insulating shell covering said insulated middle portion, said freezing end extending out of said shell.
5. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said insulating shell is spaced from said insulated middle portion so as to define a vacuum space therebetween.
6. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coolant medium is liquified nitrogen.
7. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said hollow body of said superconducting needle is made of a conductive metal selected from a group consisting of copper and aluminum.
8. The therapeutic freezing device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said superconductive material is introduced into said hollow body, and said superconducting lining is formed by a vacuum deposition process.
9. A superconducting needle for use in a therapeutic freezing device, comprising:
a hollow body made of a conductive material; and
a superconducting layer made of a superconductive material, disposed in said hollow body, and forming a superconductor lining on an inner wall surface of said hollow body.
10. The superconducting needle as claimed in claim 9, wherein said superconductive material is introduced into said hollow body, and said superconducting lining is formed by a vacuum deposition process.
11. A therapeutic freezing method, comprising the steps of:
inserting a superconducting needle into a target site of an abnormal tissue of a patient;
detecting and observing depth to which the superconducting needle must be inserted, and guiding the superconducting needle to reach said depth;
contacting a coolant medium with the superconducting needle to lower the temperature of the superconducting needle; and
contacting the superconducting needle with the tissue to freeze and destroy the tissue without contact between the coolant medium and the tissue.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the step of detecting said depth of the superconducting needle is conducted using a supersonic device.
13. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said superconducting needle includes a hollow body made of a conductive material, and a superconducting layer made of a superconductive material, disposed in said hollow body, and forming a superconductor lining on an inner wall surface of said hollow body.
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TW091114370 2002-06-28
TW091114370A TW557219B (en) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Quick-freezing medical device
TW91114370A 2002-06-28

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