US20030207991A1 - Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition - Google Patents
Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030207991A1 US20030207991A1 US10/404,117 US40411703A US2003207991A1 US 20030207991 A1 US20030207991 A1 US 20030207991A1 US 40411703 A US40411703 A US 40411703A US 2003207991 A1 US2003207991 A1 US 2003207991A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- weight
- parts
- liquid composition
- containing liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 83
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 i-pentyl Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCS IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940093858 ethyl acetoacetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Natural products COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940124543 ultraviolet light absorber Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1OC1CCCC1 JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCOCC(C)O JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIPRQQHINVWJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-2-yl acetate Chemical compound CCOCC(C)OC(C)=O LIPRQQHINVWJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBNRBJNIYVXSQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]propane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)CCCS MBNRBJNIYVXSQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYAASQNKCWTPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCN ZYAASQNKCWTPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZMNXXQIQIHFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LZMNXXQIQIHFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVNLBBGBASVLLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropylurea Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNC(N)=O LVNLBBGBASVLLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRIXOPDYGQCZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylphenylsulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 BRIXOPDYGQCZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REIYHFWZISXFKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C)=O REIYHFWZISXFKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacetoacetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)=O WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004750 SiO0.8 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020175 SiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NBJODVYWAQLZOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(octanoyloxy)stannyl] octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCC NBJODVYWAQLZOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQPPCKJJFDNPHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;3-oxohexanoate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCC(=O)CC([O-])=O.CCCC(=O)CC([O-])=O.CCCC(=O)CC([O-])=O MQPPCKJJFDNPHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CPLASELWOOUNGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CPLASELWOOUNGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQVVQDJHRQBZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GQVVQDJHRQBZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXPLZNMUBFBFIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SXPLZNMUBFBFIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)Cl QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSXYHAQZDCICNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 OSXYHAQZDCICNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTQYJQFGNYHXMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro(methyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)Cl KTQYJQFGNYHXMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCJHMXXKIKBHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro-(3-chloropropyl)-methylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)CCCCl UCJHMXXKIKBHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLJJAVFOBDSYAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro-ethenyl-methylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C YLJJAVFOBDSYAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNEPOXWQWFSSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro-methyl-phenylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 GNEPOXWQWFSSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)OCC ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZNQQQWFKKTOSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZNQQQWFKKTOSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGWJKDPTLUDSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl dimethyl silicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OC)(OC)OCC VGWJKDPTLUDSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(OC)OC VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHGNXNCOTZPEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-methyl-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 WHGNXNCOTZPEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002305 electric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUCGHDUQOVVQED-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(tripropoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](CC)(OCCC)OCCC KUCGHDUQOVVQED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYEJNNDSIXAGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](CC)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C MYEJNNDSIXAGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005002 finish coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXZQEOJJUGGUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoindolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NCC2=C1 PXZQEOJJUGGUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- RJMRIDVWCWSWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(tripropoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](C)(OCCC)OCCC RJMRIDVWCWSWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLXDKGBELJJMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C HLXDKGBELJJMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005048 methyldichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMBYJMVHGICGMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-bis(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN(CCN)CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC RMBYJMVHGICGMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEXNXFCTHRXVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-bis[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCN(CCN)CCC[Si](C)(OC)OC AEXNXFCTHRXVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCNCCN MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FABOKLHQXVRECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl(tripropoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 FABOKLHQXVRECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPLNCHFJAOKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 VPLNCHFJAOKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005054 phenyltrichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OQTSOKXAWXRIAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC OQTSOKXAWXRIAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl borate Chemical compound CCCCOB(OCCCC)OCCCC LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(phenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUMSTCDLAYQDNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(hexyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC WUMSTCDLAYQDNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVAUDREWWXPRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FHVAUDREWWXPRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCC2OC21 UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBMUZYGBAGFCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-phenylethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 UBMUZYGBAGFCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/02—Polysilicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/02—Polysilicates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating process capable of preventing a painted or non-painted surface of building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, traffic signs and the like from being contaminated with dirt or oils, or readily removing contaminants attached thereto by falling rain or wiping, and a liquid composition suitably used in the coating process.
- the paints for top coat which are prepared by adding a small amount of alkylsilicate to these organic paints, tend to suffer from various problems such as increase in its viscosity upon storage, cracks and poor film properties of a coating film produced therefrom, or the like. Therefore, care must be taken upon handling and application of these organic paints.
- many of the inorganic paints also tend to undergo various problems such as poor storage stability and cracks of thick coating films similarly to the above organic paints containing a small amount of alkylsilicate, and further require an additional heat-curing step. Therefore, care must also be taken upon handling and application of these inorganic paints.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition which can be applied directly or through a previous coating film onto the surface of various structures such as building structures and civil engineering structures without formation of any underlying coat, thereby imparting excellent properties such as anti-staining property and weather resistance thereto, and a coating process using the coating composition.
- a silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO 2 , (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of a solvent, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20.
- a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect having a hydrolysis percentage of 1,000 to 90,000%.
- a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect further comprising (E) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of pigments, fillers and paint additives.
- a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect wherein the organosilicate (A) is represented by the general formula:
- x is a number of 0 to 1.2
- y is a number of 1.4 to 4 with the proviso that (2x+y) is 4
- R is C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
- a coating process comprising:
- a coating process comprising:
- a coating process comprising:
- a coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, said coating film having a surface resistivity of 7.5 ⁇ 10 7 to 1.5 ⁇ 10 12 .
- a coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, said coating film having a water contact angle of 5° to 35°.
- a silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO 2 , (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of a solvent, and having a hydrolysis percentage of 10,000 to 90,000%, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20, said composition being produced by contacting (A) 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate, calculated as SiO 2 , (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the catalyst; (C) 500 to 5,000 parts by weight of the water; and (D) 100 to 5,000 parts by weight of the solvent, with each other; reacting a resultant mixture until a hydrolysis percentage thereof reaches 1,000 to 90,000%; and diluting a resultant reaction mixture with additional amounts of the water
- compositions including pigments, fillers and/or paint additives such as anti-sag agents, leveling agents, anti-cissing agents, adhesion modifiers, algaecides, bactericides, deodorants and ultraviolet light absorbers.
- additives including pigments, fillers and/or paint additives such as anti-sag agents, leveling agents, anti-cissing agents, adhesion modifiers, algaecides, bactericides, deodorants and ultraviolet light absorbers.
- a silicon-containing liquid composition prepared by blending the following components (A) to (D) and, if required, the component (E) with each other.
- the component (A) is an organosilicate, i.e., a compound containing organic groups respectively bonded to silicon atom through oxygen atom.
- organosilicate there may be exemplified organoxysilanes containing four organic groups each bonded to one common silicon atom through oxygen atom, and organoxysiloxanes having a siloxane main chain ((Si—O) n ) constituted by silicon atoms.
- the organic groups bonded to silicon atom through oxygen atom are not particularly restricted, and may include, for example, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups. Specific examples of the organic groups may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, i-pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, octyl or the like. Of these alkyl groups, C 1 to C 4 alkyl groups are especially preferred. Examples of the other organic groups may include aryl, xylyl, naphthyl or the like.
- the organosilicate may contain two or more different kinds of organic groups.
- the preferred alkyl groups are those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and may have either a linear or branched structure.
- Examples of the preferred alkyl groups may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl or the like. These alkyl groups may be used in the form of a composite and/or a mixture thereof. Namely, two or more different kinds of alkyl groups may be used as the organic groups.
- methyl and/or ethyl are preferred from the standpoints of good solubility of the organosilicate in the silicon-containing liquid composition as well as low-staining property of the obtained coating film. Among them, methyl is most preferred.
- the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition exhibits a low solubility, thereby requiring the use of a large amount of organic solvents.
- Such a composition have many problems upon handling since the composition is classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law because of the large content of organic solvents.
- the alkyl groups having more than four carbon atoms shows a poor hydrolyzability, so that production of SiOH groups in the obtained coating film becomes too slowly when exposed to outside environments, thereby failing to exhibit a good anti-staining property.
- organoxysilanes may include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane, tetraphenoxysilane, dimethoxydiethoxysilane or the like.
- organoxysiloxanes may include condensates of the above organoxysilanes. The condensation degree of the organoxysiloxanes is not particularly restricted, and preferably lies within the range represented by the following formula:
- x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, and y is 1.4 ⁇ y ⁇ 4 with the proviso that (2x+y) is 4; and R is an organic group, preferably C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
- the factor or subscript x represents the condensation degree of the siloxane.
- the factor x means an average condensation degree.
- the condensation degree x of the organosilicate used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 0 to 1.2, more preferably 0 to 1.0.
- the siloxane main chain may have a linear, branched or cyclic structure or a mixture thereof.
- the organosilicates having a condensation degree x as high as more than 1.2 have a high molecular weight and, therefore, a high viscosity. Such organosilicates tend to be readily gelled upon storage, resulting in poor storage stability. Thus, it is difficult to practically use such organosilicates having a condensation degree x of more than 1.2.
- the organosilicates exhibit a poor solubility in organic solvents, a large amount of organic solvents are required to prepare the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention. Therefore, the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition tends to undergo various handling problems since the composition containing a large amount of organic solvents is regarded as dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law.
- SiO x (OR) y may be determined by the following method.
- the condensation degree x can be readily obtained by Si-NMR measurement. Specifically, assuming that a chemical shift value of tetramethylsilane as a standard substance is 0 ppm, the organosilicate shows 5 groups of peaks Q 0 , Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 between ⁇ 75 to 120 ppm as its chemical shift value. The respective peaks are based on the number of siloxane bonds constituted by silicon atoms.
- the peak Q 0 corresponds to a monomer having no siloxane bond
- Q 1 corresponds to a compound having one siloxane bond
- Q 2 corresponds to a compound having two siloxane bonds
- Q 3 corresponds to a compound having three siloxane bonds
- Q 4 corresponds to a compound having four siloxane bonds.
- the condensation degree is 2.
- the factor y of the above formula is determined by the following equation:
- the amounts of the respective organic groups bonded can be readily determined by H-NMR or 13 C-NMR measurement.
- the measurement is carried out by an appropriate method capable of readily identifying the chemical shift.
- Specific examples of the preferred organosilicates used in the present invention may include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetraisobutoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, tetra-t-butoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof. These organosilicates may be used alone or in combination of any two or more thereof.
- tetramethoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof are preferred for the following reasons. That is, the tetramethoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof show a high reactivity for hydrolysis and, therefore, can readily produce silanol groups. As a result, only a small amount of organic solvent is required to prepare a uniform liquid composition. Thus, the use of the tetramethoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof is especially preferable for solving the safety problems since the high anti-staining liquid composition which is not classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law can be readily prepared therefrom.
- the organosilicates contain organic groups respectively bonded to silicon atom through oxygen atom.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may contain other organosilicon compounds than the organosilicates, for example, those silicon compounds having organic groups directed bonded to each other through silicon atom.
- the other organosilicon compounds there may be exemplified various silane coupling agents or the like.
- organosilicon compounds may include trialkoxysilane compounds or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof such as methyl trimethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, methyl tripropoxysilane, methyl triisopropoxysilane, ethyl trimethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, ethyl tripropoxysilane, ethyl triisopropoxysilane, propyl trimethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl trimethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, pentyl trimethoxysilane, pentyl triethoxysilane, hexyl trimethoxysilane, hexyl triethoxysilane, phenyl trimethoxysilane, phenyl triethoxysilane, phenyl tripropoxysilane, phen
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may contain the above other organosilicon compounds in an amount of not more than 25 parts by weight, more preferably not more than 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate (A) calculated as SiO 2 .
- the other organosilicon compounds than the organosilicates contain a less amount of hydrolyzable functional groups as compared to those of the organosilicates and, therefore, are remarkably deteriorated in contribution to anti-staining property.
- the composition of the present invention may not contain the other organosilicon compounds.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may contain such a silicon compound containing hydrolyzable functional groups other than the organoxy groups such as various halogen elements.
- a halogen-containing silicon compound tends to generate cumbersome substances such as hydrochloric acid, resulting in environmental problems.
- the silicon compound may be contained in the composition in an amount of not more than 20 parts by weight, more preferably not more than 10 parts by weight, at most, based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO 2 .
- the composition of the present invention may not contain such a silicon compound.
- the component (B) there may be use those catalysts capable of hydrolyzing the organosilicate.
- the catalyst (B) may include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid; organic acids such as acetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, xylenesulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, maleic acid, formic acid and oxalic acid; alkali catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia and organic amine compounds; organometallic compounds or metal alkoxide compounds other than the organosilicates, e.g., organotin compounds such as dibutyl tin dilaurate, dibutyl tin dioctoate and dibutyl tin diacetate, organoaluminum compounds
- These catalysts may be used alone or in combination of any two or more thereof.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention is applied onto the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, transportation equipments and traffic signs, organometallic chelate compounds or metal alkoxide compounds are preferably used for preventing the base material thereof from being corroded by the catalyst.
- the amount of the catalyst (B) added is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO 2 .
- the amount of the catalyst added is less than 0.1 part by weight, the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition is deteriorated in storage stability, and the coating film produced from the composition fails to exhibit a sufficient anti-staining property.
- the catalyst is used in the above-specified range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, it is possible to impart a sufficient storage stability and film properties to the silicon-containing composition and the coating film produced therefrom, respectively. Therefore, it is not necessary to use the catalyst in an amount of more than 10 parts by weight.
- the catalyst (B) may be added by any suitable method, e.g., may be added in the form of a solution prepared by dissolving the catalyst in the organosilicate, or a solution prepared by dissolving the catalyst in water or the solvent.
- the catalyst may be mixed and dissolved in the organosilicate and/or water or the solvent at room temperature. If it is difficult to dissolve the catalyst at room temperature, the mixture may be heated.
- the amount of water as the component (C) blended is 100 to 50,000 parts by weight, preferably 500 to 10,000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO 2 .
- the amount of organic solvents added such as alcohols may be reduced, the obtained composition can exhibit a low flash point or burning point, thereby considerably improving the safety upon handling the composition.
- the Si content in the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition becomes too large, so that the composition tends to be readily gelled, resulting in poor storage stability and low anti-staining property thereof upon practical use.
- the amount of water (C) added is more than 50,000 parts by weight, the Si content in the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition is too small, so that the coating film produced therefrom fails to show a sufficient anti-staining property.
- the water (C) used in the present invention is not particularly restricted.
- a tap water as well as a deionized water or a ultrapure water may be selectively used according to objects and requirements.
- a desalted water may be suitably used in the case where the composition of the present invention is applied to base materials readily corroded by acids such as soft steel, copper and aluminum.
- a desalted water may be suitably used in the case where the composition is applied to semiconductors or the like which should be free from inclusion of impurities.
- a ultrapure water may be suitably used.
- the solvent as the component (D) is not particularly restricted.
- the solvent there may be usually used various organic solvents such as alcohols, glycol derivatives, hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, ethers or the like. These solvents may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of any two or more thereof.
- Specific examples of the alcohols may include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, acetylacetone alcohol or the like.
- glycol derivatives may include ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate or the like.
- hydrocarbons may include benzene, toluene, xylene, kerosene, n-hexane or the like.
- esters may include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, butyl acetoacetate or the like.
- ketones may include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetyl acetone or the like.
- the ethers may include ethyl ether, butyl ether, methoxy ethanol, ethoxy ethanol, dioxane, furan, tetrahydrofuran or the like.
- alcohols especially C 1 to C 3 alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, or glycol derivatives such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, are preferred because these solvents can exhibit a good handling property, and can impart a good storage stability to the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition, and a good anti-staining property to the coating film produced from the composition.
- the amount of the solvent (D) added is preferably 100 to 50,000 parts by weight, more preferably 500 to 10,000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO 2 .
- the amount of the solvent added is less than 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO 2 , it may be difficult to uniformly dissolve the organosilicate, the catalyst and water together.
- the amount of the solvent added is more than 50,000 parts by weight, the Si content in the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition is too small, so that the coating film produced from the composition may not exhibit a sufficient anti-staining property.
- the composition containing such a large amount of the solvent is regarded as dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law, resulting in poor handling property thereof.
- the above-described amount of the solvent added includes an amount of alcohol produced by hydrolysis of the organosilicate in addition to amount of the solvent initially added.
- the solvent (D) may be added at one time or stepwise.
- the solvent is added stepwise for diluting the composition, it is preferred that 100 to 5,000 parts by weight of the solvent is first added together with water added at the first stage in order to conduct the first hydrolysis reaction, and then 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of the solvent is added together with water added for the second stage of the hydrolysis reaction.
- the respective components (A), (B), (C) and (D) are uniformly mixed with each other at the above-specified mixing ratios, preferably until a transparent solution is obtained.
- the mixing temperature and mixing method are not particularly restricted. The mixing can be sufficiently conducted at about room temperature without heating.
- the respective components (A) to (D) may be sequentially charged at room temperature into a mixing vessel, a mixing kiln, or a mixing container such as a mixer, a drum can and a kerosene can, and then mixed together by stirring, rotation, reverse rotation, vibration or the like, thereby preparing a uniform and transparent one-part type silicon-containing liquid composition.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition may be of a two-part type which comprises a main agent and a curing agent which are mixed together upon use.
- the main agent may be composed of alkylsilicate
- the curing agent may be in the form of a mixture of the catalyst, water and the organic solvent, or the main agent may be in the form of a mixture of the alkylsilicate and the catalyst, and the curing agent may be in the form of a mixture of water and the organic solvent, though not limited thereto.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition may further contain as the component (E), an additive usable in ordinary paints such as pigments, e.g., colorants and extender pigments, fillers or the like.
- an additive usable in ordinary paints such as pigments, e.g., colorants and extender pigments, fillers or the like.
- the amount of the component (E) added is not particularly restricted, and may be appropriately selected from such a range as not to adversely affect the effect of the present invention.
- the colorants as the additive (E) may include inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, carbon black, ferric oxide (iron oxide red), lead chromate, chrome yellow, yellow iron oxide, ochre, ultramarine blue and cobalt green; organic pigments such as azo-based, naphthol-based, pyrazolone-based, anthraquinone-based, perylene-based, quinacridone-based, bisazo-based, isoindolinone-based, benzoimidazole-based, phthalocyanine-based and quinaphthalone-based pigments; or the like.
- Specific examples of the extender pigments may include heavy calcium carbonate, clay, kaolin, talc, precipitated barium sulfate, barium carbonate, white carbon, diatomaceous earth or the like.
- the other additives usable as the component (E) there may be exemplified dispersing agents, anti-settling agents, anti-sag agents, delustering agents, plasticizers, defoamers, leveling agents, anti-cissing agents, adhesion modifiers, antiseptic agents, algaecides, bactericides, deodorants, ultraviolet light absorbers or the like.
- the additive may be added in a small amount as long as the aimed effect can be obtained by the addition of the additives.
- the amount of the additive added is not particularly restricted, and a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding the additive in an amount of usually 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 1.0 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention.
- the method of adding the additive as the component (E) is not particularly restricted.
- the additive (E) may be added to the obtained composition.
- the additive (E) may be added to any of the alkylsilicate, water, the organic solvent and the like in which the additive can be readily dissolved or dispersed, followed by mixing the respective components together.
- the additive (E) may be added to either the main agent or the curing agent.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention can be produced by blending the above-described components together.
- the organosilicate content in the silicon-containing liquid composition is usually 0.05 to 15% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, calculated as SiO 2 in the organosilicate.
- the coating film formed on the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, transportation equipments and traffic signs, fails to exhibit a sufficient anti-staining property.
- organosilicate content is more than 15% by weight calculated as SiO 2 in the organosilicate, such a composition having a too high organosilicate content tends to be gelled when stored, thereby causing problems such as poor storage stability upon practical use.
- the thus obtained silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention is capable of forming a colorless transparent coating film at ordinary temperature.
- the obtained coating film is an ultrathin film and, therefore, does not damage a touch of an underlying base material.
- the coating film exhibits an extremely low surface resistivity ranging from 7.5 ⁇ 10 7 to 1.5 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ cm, the chargeable voltage thereof is limited to not more than 10 mV, resulting in good anti-static property.
- the static friction coefficient thereof is 0.5 to 1.2
- the kinetic friction coefficient thereof is 0.3 to 1.2.
- the coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent hydrophilic property, and has a water contact angle as low as 5° to 35°. For this reason, the coating film is free from attachment of fur and fallstMail.
- the coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent durability, especially a high resistance to acidic rain. Therefore, even when exposed to outside environments for a long period of time, the coating film can continuously maintain the above properties and can prevent the underlying material from being adversely affected. Also, the coating film exhibits an excellent chemical resistance. Therefore, even when the coating film is exposed to outside environments in snow country, snow-melting agents attached thereto such as calcium chloride can be removed only by water-washing, thereby inhibiting salt damage thereto.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of-the present invention can be applied onto the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, transportation equipments and traffic signs by simplified methods, e.g., by wipe-coating the surface of these structures with a paper, cloth or non-woven fabric impregnated therewith, or by spray-coating an aerosol thereof onto the surface of these structures.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may be coated by various ordinary methods such as brush-coating, roller-coating and spray-coating, using a roll coater, a flow coater or the like.
- the structures to be coated with the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention there may be exemplified civil engineering structures such as tunnels, dams, bridges, tanks and flues; building structures such as houses and buildings; cultural assets such as temples, shrines, stone statues and ruins; transportation equipments such as automobiles, air planes, railway rolling stocks and ships; industrial equipments; traffic signs; outdoor structures such as guard rails; or the like. These structures may be previously painted or non-painted.
- the surface to be coated with the composition of the present invention may include exterior and interior surfaces (inside and outside wall surfaces) of these structures, wall surfaces of bath room and kitchen in the building structures, outer surfaces of housings of furnitures, refrigerators, televisions or air conditioners, stainable locations such as window glass, or the like.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention can also be applied onto various objects or locations in order to impart a good anti-staining property thereto.
- the first coating method of the present invention is such a simple method of impregnating a suitable medium such as paper, cloth and non-woven fabric with the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention, wringing the medium appropriately, if required, and then wiping the surface to be coated, with the medium.
- the second coating method of the present invention is such a method of forming the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention into an aerosol, and then spray-coating the aerosol onto the surface of structures.
- the first coating method can be performed without preliminarily cleaning the surface to be treated, since contaminants previously attached can be wiped off simultaneously with the wipe-coating.
- the drying time after the wipe-coating is not less than 30 minutes, preferably not less than 2 hours at ordinary temperature.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention is filled together with a propellant into a container to prepare an aerosol.
- a propellant there may be used known propellants such as dimethyl ether and LP gases. These propellants may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of any two or more thereof.
- the thus obtained aerosol may be applied onto the surface of the same structures as described in the above first coating method.
- the second coating method can be readily performed by directly spraying the aerosol onto the surface of structures. Meanwhile, if any contaminants are already attached onto the painted or non-painted surface of existing structures and the aerosol is spray-coated on such a surface, it is preferred that the surface is pre-treated in order to clean off the contaminants therefrom before spray-coating.
- the aerosol can be spray-coated onto the freshly painted or repair-painted surface of structures or the non-painted surface of freshly prepared structures notwithstanding these surfaces are either dried or non-dried.
- the coating amount of the aerosol is in the range of 20 to 50 g/m 2 .
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention it is possible to form on the surface of various structures, a thin coating film providing a good finished surface which is free from defects such as unevenness, sag and cracks, and is improved in film properties such as anti-staining property and weather resistance.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention not only is stably stored in a liquid state, but also is not classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law because of a less content of organic solvents. Therefore, the composition of the present invention is preferred from the viewpoint of safety upon use. It is considered that the above advantages of the present invention can be achieved by blending the respective components at the well-balanced mixing ratio.
- the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention can be maintained in a stable liquid state despite a less solvent content thereof and, therefore, is inhibited from being classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law.
- the composition can be improved in handling property and safety upon coating.
- the coating method using the above silicon-containing liquid composition can provide a simplified method capable of forming a uniform thin coating film on the surface of various structures. Further, the thus obtained coating film can exhibit excellent properties such as anti-staining property, weather resistance and contaminant-removing property.
- composition MS51 100 parts by weight* (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 5,385 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 7,500 parts by weight
- the thus obtained silicon-containing composition (1) was evaluated according to the testing method for dangerous substances prescribed under the Fire Protection Law (Government Ordinance for “Regulation of Dangerous Objects” Article 1, ⁇ 3 through Article 1, ⁇ 8; Ministerial Ordinance for “Tests and Properties of Dangerous Objects”). It was confirmed that the alcohol content of the silicon-containing composition (1) was less than 60% by weight, and the water content thereof was about 57% by weight. In addition, as a result of the measurements conducted in Kita-Kyushu-City Fire Defense Science Research Institute, it was confirmed that the flash point (tag-closed type) of the silicon-containing composition (1) was 25.3° C., and the burning point (tag-open type) thereof was 31.5° C.
- the flash point and burning point of 60-wt. % ethanol aqueous solution were 22.6° C. and 24.7° C., respectively.
- the silicon-containing composition (1) did not classified into the dangerous substances prescribed under the Fire Protection Law.
- substances having an alcohol content of less than 60% by weight and flash and burning points higher than those of the 60-wt. % ethanol aqueous solution can be excluded from the dangerous substances prescribed thereunder.
- the amounts of the industrial ethanol and the ion-exchanged water were increased up to minimum amounts capable of completely dissolving the “ES40” and obtaining a uniform colorless transparent solution.
- the raw mixture thus controlled was mixed at room temperature for 20 minutes, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (3). It was confirmed that the silicate content in the composition was 0.8% by weight, calculated as SiO 2 .
- the composition of the raw mixture used above is shown below.
- Composition ES40 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 8,531 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 4,296 parts by weight
- the thus obtained silicon-containing composition (3) contained the industrial ethanol in an amount of about 65% by weight, i.e., had an alcohol content of not less than 60% and, therefore, was regarded as the dangerous substances prescribed under the Fire Protection Law.
- ethyl silicate was used, a large amount of alcohol was to be added in order to obtain a uniform liquid composition, resulting in production of the dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law. Therefore, it was confirmed that the use of methyl silicate was preferred from the viewpoint of safety.
- composition MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 3,000 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 2,000 parts by weight
- composition MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 1,500 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 1,500 parts by weight
- the obtained silicon-containing composition was further diluted at room temperature to adjust the following final mixing ratio, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (9) in the form of a colorless transparent liquid.
- Composition MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 5,000 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 5,000 parts by weight
- Composition MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 1,250 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 250 parts by weight
- Composition MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO 2 ) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 2,500 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 675 parts by weight
- a duster was immersed in the silicon-containing composition (3), and lightly wrung by hand. Then, an exterior painted surface of an automobile was wiped with the impregnated duster. The amount of the diluted liquid composition applied was 16 g/m 2 .
- a paper towel was impregnated with the silicon-containing composition, and stored in a sealed container. After one month, the impregnated paper towel was taken out from the container.
- the stained surface of a heavy oil tank having a top coat made of a fluororesin-based resin paint (tradename: “PF-250B” produced by Dainippon Shikizai Kougyo Co., Ltd.) was washed with water and then dried in air. The thus cleaned surface of the heavy oil tank was wiped with the impregnated paper towel in order to form a coating film of the silicon-containing composition thereon. It was confirmed that the amount of the silicon-containing composition (2) applied was about 50 g/m 2 .
- the silicon-containing composition (2) prepared in Preparation Example 2 and LPG as a propellant were charged at a volume ratio of 100:200 into an aerosol container, thereby preparing an aerosol composition.
- the thus obtained aerosol composition was spray-coated onto the surface of the same heavy oil tank as used in Example 2. It was confirmed that the amount of the aerosol applied was 35 g/m 2 .
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (2) prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (8) prepared in Preparation Example 4.
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (9) prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (5) used in Comparative Example 4.
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (6) used in Comparative Example 6.
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (10) prepared in Preparation Example 6.
- a glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (11) prepared in Preparation Example 7.
- Example 10 Water/Ethanol 58/42 40/60 50/50 50/50 11/89 92/8 17/83 21/89 ratio Hydrolysis 20800 5540 4150 13800 20800 166000 692 1870 percentage (%) Water contact 20 18 — 15 62 54 50 47 angle Surface 2.1 ⁇ 10 8 1.5 ⁇ 10 8 — 8.0 ⁇ 10 7 1.1 ⁇ 10 14 6.5 ⁇ 10 13 4.2 ⁇ 10 13 2.5 ⁇ 10 13 resistivity ( ⁇ )
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of a solvent, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20.
Description
- The present invention relates to a coating process capable of preventing a painted or non-painted surface of building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, traffic signs and the like from being contaminated with dirt or oils, or readily removing contaminants attached thereto by falling rain or wiping, and a liquid composition suitably used in the coating process.
- In recent years, great importance is placed on an appearance of building structures, civil engineering structures, etc., for maintaining its harmonization with surrounding urban sights. For this reason, the surface of such structures has been finish-coated with various low-staining paints in order to enhance an anti-staining property thereof. As the conventional low-staining finish-coating methods, there are known those methods in which high weather-resistant organic paints such as fluororesin-based paints, acrylic silicone-based paints and urethane-based paints are used to form a finish coat (top coat).
- Also, recently, such a composition prepared by adding a small amount of alkylsilicate to these paints has been used to impart a hydrophilic property to the surface of the resultant coating film, thereby preventing various contaminants such as dirt and oils from being attached thereto, and allowing these contaminants, if attached, to be readily washed off by water drops of falling rain or the like. On the other hand, inorganic paints composed mainly of organopolysiloxanes have been positively developed and recently commercialized because these inorganic paints are usually excellent in weather resistance, durability, chemical resistance, heat resistance or the like as compared to the above organic paints.
- However, in the case where these organic or inorganic paints are used to form a top coat, there are commonly required time-consuming additional steps for forming an undercoat and, if necessary, an intermediate coat between the structure (base material) and the top coat in order to further enhance the adhesion therebetween. In particular, the coating film made of the organic paints tends to be readily contaminated with sand and dust, metal powder, falling rain (e.g., acidic rain) or exhaust gases when exposed thereto, resulting in deteriorated appearance of the structure.
- Also, the paints for top coat which are prepared by adding a small amount of alkylsilicate to these organic paints, tend to suffer from various problems such as increase in its viscosity upon storage, cracks and poor film properties of a coating film produced therefrom, or the like. Therefore, care must be taken upon handling and application of these organic paints. On the other hand, many of the inorganic paints also tend to undergo various problems such as poor storage stability and cracks of thick coating films similarly to the above organic paints containing a small amount of alkylsilicate, and further require an additional heat-curing step. Therefore, care must also be taken upon handling and application of these inorganic paints.
- In addition, the above paints are classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law because they contain a large amount of volatile organic solvents. Thus, great care must be needed for safe handling thereof. A present, it has been strongly required to solve the above problems concerning safety of paints and properties of resultant coating films as well as workability and safety upon coating.
- As a result of the present inventors' earnest studies for solving the above problems, it has been found that by wiping the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments and traffic signs with a paper, cloth, non-woven fabric, etc., which is impregnated with a specific silicon-containing liquid composition mentioned below, or by spray-coating the surface of the painted or non-painted structures with an aerosol formed of the specific silicon-containing liquid composition, the obtained coating film can prevent the surface of the structures from being contaminated, or can allow contaminants, if attached thereto, to be readily removed therefrom. The present invention has been attained on the basis of this finding.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition which can be applied directly or through a previous coating film onto the surface of various structures such as building structures and civil engineering structures without formation of any underlying coat, thereby imparting excellent properties such as anti-staining property and weather resistance thereto, and a coating process using the coating composition.
- To accomplish the aims, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of a solvent, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20.
- In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, having a hydrolysis percentage of 1,000 to 90,000%.
- In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, further comprising (E) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of pigments, fillers and paint additives.
- In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, wherein the organosilicate (A) is represented by the general formula:
- SiOx(OR)y
- wherein x is a number of 0 to 1.2, and y is a number of 1.4 to 4 with the proviso that (2x+y) is 4; and R is C1 to C4 alkyl.
- In a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, wherein the organosilicate (A) is methyl silicate.
- In a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating process comprising:
- coating a surface of a structure with the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect so as to prevent the surface of the structure from being contaminated.
- In a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating process comprising:
- coating a surface of an inorganic structure with the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect so as to prevent the surface of the inorganic structure from being contaminated.
- In an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating process comprising:
- forming the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect into an aerosol; and
- spray-coating the aerosol onto a surface of a structure.
- In a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating process comprising:
- wipe-coating a surface of a structure with the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect.
- In a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, said coating film having a surface resistivity of 7.5×107 to 1.5×1012.
- In an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in the first aspect, said coating film having a water contact angle of 5° to 35°.
- In a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of a solvent, and having a hydrolysis percentage of 10,000 to 90,000%, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20, said composition being produced by contacting (A) 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the catalyst; (C) 500 to 5,000 parts by weight of the water; and (D) 100 to 5,000 parts by weight of the solvent, with each other; reacting a resultant mixture until a hydrolysis percentage thereof reaches 1,000 to 90,000%; and diluting a resultant reaction mixture with additional amounts of the water (C) and the solvent (D) to adjust a final hydrolysis percentage thereof into 10,000 to 90,000%.
- In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to enhance properties such as anti-staining property and weather resistance only by applying the specific silicon-containing liquid composition directly or through a previous coating film onto the surface of non-painted or painted structures. In particular, when painted articles or plastic molded articles placed outside are coated with the present composition, it becomes possible to prevent these articles from being contaminated, and further impart a self-cleaning effect, i.e., an ability of removing contaminants attached thereto by falling rain, thereby allowing the coated surface to show an anti-staining property for a long period of time.
- The properties of the thus-obtained coating film are further enhanced by incorporating into the composition, various additives including pigments, fillers and/or paint additives such as anti-sag agents, leveling agents, anti-cissing agents, adhesion modifiers, algaecides, bactericides, deodorants and ultraviolet light absorbers.
- In the present invention, there is used a silicon-containing liquid composition prepared by blending the following components (A) to (D) and, if required, the component (E) with each other.
- The component (A) is an organosilicate, i.e., a compound containing organic groups respectively bonded to silicon atom through oxygen atom. As the organosilicate, there may be exemplified organoxysilanes containing four organic groups each bonded to one common silicon atom through oxygen atom, and organoxysiloxanes having a siloxane main chain ((Si—O)n) constituted by silicon atoms.
- The organic groups bonded to silicon atom through oxygen atom are not particularly restricted, and may include, for example, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups. Specific examples of the organic groups may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, i-pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, octyl or the like. Of these alkyl groups, C1 to C4 alkyl groups are especially preferred. Examples of the other organic groups may include aryl, xylyl, naphthyl or the like. The organosilicate may contain two or more different kinds of organic groups.
- The preferred alkyl groups are those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and may have either a linear or branched structure. Examples of the preferred alkyl groups may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl or the like. These alkyl groups may be used in the form of a composite and/or a mixture thereof. Namely, two or more different kinds of alkyl groups may be used as the organic groups. Of these alkyl groups, methyl and/or ethyl are preferred from the standpoints of good solubility of the organosilicate in the silicon-containing liquid composition as well as low-staining property of the obtained coating film. Among them, methyl is most preferred.
- When the alkyl groups having more than four carbon atoms are used, the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition exhibits a low solubility, thereby requiring the use of a large amount of organic solvents. Such a composition have many problems upon handling since the composition is classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law because of the large content of organic solvents. In addition, the alkyl groups having more than four carbon atoms shows a poor hydrolyzability, so that production of SiOH groups in the obtained coating film becomes too slowly when exposed to outside environments, thereby failing to exhibit a good anti-staining property.
- Examples of the organoxysilanes may include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane, tetraphenoxysilane, dimethoxydiethoxysilane or the like. Examples of the organoxysiloxanes may include condensates of the above organoxysilanes. The condensation degree of the organoxysiloxanes is not particularly restricted, and preferably lies within the range represented by the following formula:
- SiOx(OR)y
- wherein x is 0≦x≦1.2, and y is 1.4≦y≦4 with the proviso that (2x+y) is 4; and R is an organic group, preferably C1 to C4 alkyl.
- The factor or subscript x represents the condensation degree of the siloxane. When the siloxane shows a molecular weight distribution, the factor x means an average condensation degree. Compounds represented by the above formula wherein x=0, are organoxysilanes as a monomer, and compounds represented by the above formula wherein 0<x<2, are oligomers corresponding to condensates obtained by partial hydrolysis condensation. Also, compounds represented by the above formula wherein x=2, corresponds to SiO2 (silica). The condensation degree x of the organosilicate used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 0 to 1.2, more preferably 0 to 1.0. The siloxane main chain may have a linear, branched or cyclic structure or a mixture thereof.
- The organosilicates having a condensation degree x as high as more than 1.2 have a high molecular weight and, therefore, a high viscosity. Such organosilicates tend to be readily gelled upon storage, resulting in poor storage stability. Thus, it is difficult to practically use such organosilicates having a condensation degree x of more than 1.2. In addition, since the organosilicates exhibit a poor solubility in organic solvents, a large amount of organic solvents are required to prepare the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention. Therefore, the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition tends to undergo various handling problems since the composition containing a large amount of organic solvents is regarded as dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law.
- The above formula: SiOx(OR)y may be determined by the following method. The condensation degree x can be readily obtained by Si-NMR measurement. Specifically, assuming that a chemical shift value of tetramethylsilane as a standard substance is 0 ppm, the organosilicate shows 5 groups of peaks Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 between −75 to 120 ppm as its chemical shift value. The respective peaks are based on the number of siloxane bonds constituted by silicon atoms. The peak Q0 corresponds to a monomer having no siloxane bond; Q1 corresponds to a compound having one siloxane bond; Q2 corresponds to a compound having two siloxane bonds; Q3 corresponds to a compound having three siloxane bonds; and Q4 corresponds to a compound having four siloxane bonds. After area ratios of these peaks are determined, the condensation degree x is calculated from the following formula:
- x=A×0+B×0.5+C×1.0+D×1.5+E×2
- wherein A, B, C, D and E are area ratios of Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, respectively, with the proviso that A+B+C+D+E=1. In the case of silica (SiO2), the condensation degree is 2. The factor y of the above formula is determined by the following equation:
- 2x+y=4.
- Meanwhile, in the case where the organosilicate contains two or more different kinds of organic groups, the amounts of the respective organic groups bonded can be readily determined by H-NMR or13C-NMR measurement. In this case, the measurement is carried out by an appropriate method capable of readily identifying the chemical shift.
- Specific examples of the preferred organosilicates used in the present invention may include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetraisobutoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, tetra-t-butoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof. These organosilicates may be used alone or in combination of any two or more thereof. Among these organosilicates, tetramethoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof are preferred for the following reasons. That is, the tetramethoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof show a high reactivity for hydrolysis and, therefore, can readily produce silanol groups. As a result, only a small amount of organic solvent is required to prepare a uniform liquid composition. Thus, the use of the tetramethoxysilane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof is especially preferable for solving the safety problems since the high anti-staining liquid composition which is not classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law can be readily prepared therefrom.
- The organosilicates contain organic groups respectively bonded to silicon atom through oxygen atom. Also, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may contain other organosilicon compounds than the organosilicates, for example, those silicon compounds having organic groups directed bonded to each other through silicon atom. As the other organosilicon compounds, there may be exemplified various silane coupling agents or the like. Specific examples of the other organosilicon compounds may include trialkoxysilane compounds or partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof such as methyl trimethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, methyl tripropoxysilane, methyl triisopropoxysilane, ethyl trimethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, ethyl tripropoxysilane, ethyl triisopropoxysilane, propyl trimethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl trimethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, pentyl trimethoxysilane, pentyl triethoxysilane, hexyl trimethoxysilane, hexyl triethoxysilane, phenyl trimethoxysilane, phenyl triethoxysilane, phenyl tripropoxysilane, phenyl triisopropoxysilane, benzyl trimethoxysilane, benzyl triethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl triethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl trimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl triethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl triethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and 3-ureidopropyl triethoxysilane; dialkoxysilane compounds and partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof such as dimethyl dimethoxysilane, dimethyl diethoxysilane, diethyl dimethoxysilane, diethyl diethoxysilane, diphenyl dimethoxysilane, diphenyl diethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyl dimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyl dimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyl dimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyl dimethoxysilane and N-(2-aminomethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyl dimethoxysilane; chlorosilane compounds and partially hydrolyzed condensates thereof such as methyl trichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, phenyl trichlorosilane, methyl dichlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane, dimethyl chlorosilane, methylvinyl dichlorosilane, 3-chloropropylmethyl dichlorosilane, diphenyl dichlorosilane and methylphenyl dichlorosilane; 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane; 3-mercaptopropylmethyl dimethoxysilane; 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane; 3-mercaptopropylmethyl diethoxysilane; 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane; 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane; N-3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-m-phenylenediamine; N,N-bis[3-(methyldimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine; N,N-bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine; N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyl dimethoxysilane; N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane; P-[N-(2-aminoethyl) aminomethyl]phenethyl trimethoxysilane; or the like.
- The silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may contain the above other organosilicon compounds in an amount of not more than 25 parts by weight, more preferably not more than 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate (A) calculated as SiO2. The other organosilicon compounds than the organosilicates contain a less amount of hydrolyzable functional groups as compared to those of the organosilicates and, therefore, are remarkably deteriorated in contribution to anti-staining property. As a matter of course, the composition of the present invention may not contain the other organosilicon compounds. Also, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may contain such a silicon compound containing hydrolyzable functional groups other than the organoxy groups such as various halogen elements. However, such a halogen-containing silicon compound tends to generate cumbersome substances such as hydrochloric acid, resulting in environmental problems. For this reason, the silicon compound may be contained in the composition in an amount of not more than 20 parts by weight, more preferably not more than 10 parts by weight, at most, based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO2. As a matter of course, the composition of the present invention may not contain such a silicon compound.
- As the component (B), there may be use those catalysts capable of hydrolyzing the organosilicate. Specific examples of the catalyst (B) may include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid; organic acids such as acetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, xylenesulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, maleic acid, formic acid and oxalic acid; alkali catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia and organic amine compounds; organometallic compounds or metal alkoxide compounds other than the organosilicates, e.g., organotin compounds such as dibutyl tin dilaurate, dibutyl tin dioctoate and dibutyl tin diacetate, organoaluminum compounds such as aluminum tris(acetylacetonate), aluminum monoacetylacetonate bis(ethylacetoacetate), aluminum tris(ethylacetoacetate) and ethylacetoacetate aluminum diisopropionate, organotitanium compounds such as titanium tetrakis(acetylacetonate), titanium bis(butoxy)-bis(acetylacetonate) and titanium tetra-n-butoxide, and organozirconium compounds such as zirconium tetrakis(acetylacetonate), zirconium bis(butoxy)-bis(acetylacetonate), zirconium (isopropoxy)-bis(acetylacetonate) and zirconium tetra-n-butoxide; boron compounds such as boron tri-n-butoxide and boric acid; or the like.
- These catalysts may be used alone or in combination of any two or more thereof. In the case where the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention is applied onto the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, transportation equipments and traffic signs, organometallic chelate compounds or metal alkoxide compounds are preferably used for preventing the base material thereof from being corroded by the catalyst.
- The amount of the catalyst (B) added is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO2. When the amount of the catalyst added is less than 0.1 part by weight, the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition is deteriorated in storage stability, and the coating film produced from the composition fails to exhibit a sufficient anti-staining property. When the catalyst is used in the above-specified range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, it is possible to impart a sufficient storage stability and film properties to the silicon-containing composition and the coating film produced therefrom, respectively. Therefore, it is not necessary to use the catalyst in an amount of more than 10 parts by weight. The catalyst (B) may be added by any suitable method, e.g., may be added in the form of a solution prepared by dissolving the catalyst in the organosilicate, or a solution prepared by dissolving the catalyst in water or the solvent. The catalyst may be mixed and dissolved in the organosilicate and/or water or the solvent at room temperature. If it is difficult to dissolve the catalyst at room temperature, the mixture may be heated.
- The amount of water as the component (C) blended is 100 to 50,000 parts by weight, preferably 500 to 10,000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO2. This means that the water is added in a considerably excessive amount as compared to its stoichiometric amount capable of hydrolyzing organoxy groups of the organosilicate. It is considered that the addition of such an excessive amount of water allows silanol groups produced by hydrolysis of the organosilicate to coexist with a large amount of water, thereby preventing the condensation reaction of the silanol groups and, therefore, enhancing the storage stability of the obtained hydrolyzed liquid composition. In addition, since the amount of organic solvents added such as alcohols may be reduced, the obtained composition can exhibit a low flash point or burning point, thereby considerably improving the safety upon handling the composition.
- When the amount of water (C) added is less than 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO2, the Si content in the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition becomes too large, so that the composition tends to be readily gelled, resulting in poor storage stability and low anti-staining property thereof upon practical use. When the amount of water (C) added is more than 50,000 parts by weight, the Si content in the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition is too small, so that the coating film produced therefrom fails to show a sufficient anti-staining property.
- The silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention preferably has a hydrolysis percentage of 1,000 to 90,000%. The water as the component (C) may be added at one time or stepwise. In the case where the water is added stepwise for diluting the composition, it is preferred that 500 to 5,000 parts by weight of water is first added in order to conduct a first stage of the hydrolysis reaction where the hydrolysis percentage of the composition is adjusted to 1,000 to 90,000%, and then 500 to 30,000 parts by weight of water is added to conduct a subsequent second stage of the hydrolysis reaction where the hydrolysis percentage of the composition is adjusted to 10,000 to 90,000%. Upon such a stepwise addition of water, the amount of the below-mentioned solvent added is preferably controlled in a stepwise manner.
- The water (C) used in the present invention is not particularly restricted. For example, a tap water as well as a deionized water or a ultrapure water may be selectively used according to objects and requirements. For example, in the case where the composition of the present invention is applied to base materials readily corroded by acids such as soft steel, copper and aluminum, heat-resistant coats, moisture-proof coats, chemical-resistant coats, barrier coats, electric or electronic materials such as insulating coats, a desalted water may be suitably used. Also, in the case where the composition is applied to semiconductors or the like which should be free from inclusion of impurities, a ultrapure water may be suitably used.
- The solvent as the component (D) is not particularly restricted. As the solvent, there may be usually used various organic solvents such as alcohols, glycol derivatives, hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, ethers or the like. These solvents may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of any two or more thereof. Specific examples of the alcohols may include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, acetylacetone alcohol or the like.
- Specific examples of the glycol derivatives may include ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate or the like.
- Specific examples of the hydrocarbons may include benzene, toluene, xylene, kerosene, n-hexane or the like. Specific examples of the esters may include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, butyl acetoacetate or the like. Specific examples of the ketones may include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetyl acetone or the like. Specific examples of the ethers may include ethyl ether, butyl ether, methoxy ethanol, ethoxy ethanol, dioxane, furan, tetrahydrofuran or the like. Of these solvents, alcohols, especially C1 to C3 alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, or glycol derivatives such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, are preferred because these solvents can exhibit a good handling property, and can impart a good storage stability to the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition, and a good anti-staining property to the coating film produced from the composition.
- The amount of the solvent (D) added is preferably 100 to 50,000 parts by weight, more preferably 500 to 10,000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO2. When the amount of the solvent added is less than 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate calculated as SiO2, it may be difficult to uniformly dissolve the organosilicate, the catalyst and water together. When the amount of the solvent added is more than 50,000 parts by weight, the Si content in the obtained silicon-containing liquid composition is too small, so that the coating film produced from the composition may not exhibit a sufficient anti-staining property. In addition, the composition containing such a large amount of the solvent is regarded as dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law, resulting in poor handling property thereof. Meanwhile, the above-described amount of the solvent added includes an amount of alcohol produced by hydrolysis of the organosilicate in addition to amount of the solvent initially added.
- The solvent (D) may be added at one time or stepwise. When the solvent is added stepwise for diluting the composition, it is preferred that 100 to 5,000 parts by weight of the solvent is first added together with water added at the first stage in order to conduct the first hydrolysis reaction, and then 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of the solvent is added together with water added for the second stage of the hydrolysis reaction.
- Mixing of Respective Components for Preparation of Silicon-Containing Liquid Composition:
- Upon the preparation of the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention, the respective components (A), (B), (C) and (D) are uniformly mixed with each other at the above-specified mixing ratios, preferably until a transparent solution is obtained. The mixing temperature and mixing method are not particularly restricted. The mixing can be sufficiently conducted at about room temperature without heating. For example, the respective components (A) to (D) may be sequentially charged at room temperature into a mixing vessel, a mixing kiln, or a mixing container such as a mixer, a drum can and a kerosene can, and then mixed together by stirring, rotation, reverse rotation, vibration or the like, thereby preparing a uniform and transparent one-part type silicon-containing liquid composition. Alternatively, the silicon-containing liquid composition may be of a two-part type which comprises a main agent and a curing agent which are mixed together upon use. In the two-part type liquid composition, the main agent may be composed of alkylsilicate, and the curing agent may be in the form of a mixture of the catalyst, water and the organic solvent, or the main agent may be in the form of a mixture of the alkylsilicate and the catalyst, and the curing agent may be in the form of a mixture of water and the organic solvent, though not limited thereto.
- In the present invention, the silicon-containing liquid composition may further contain as the component (E), an additive usable in ordinary paints such as pigments, e.g., colorants and extender pigments, fillers or the like. The amount of the component (E) added is not particularly restricted, and may be appropriately selected from such a range as not to adversely affect the effect of the present invention. Specific examples of the colorants as the additive (E) may include inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, carbon black, ferric oxide (iron oxide red), lead chromate, chrome yellow, yellow iron oxide, ochre, ultramarine blue and cobalt green; organic pigments such as azo-based, naphthol-based, pyrazolone-based, anthraquinone-based, perylene-based, quinacridone-based, bisazo-based, isoindolinone-based, benzoimidazole-based, phthalocyanine-based and quinaphthalone-based pigments; or the like. Specific examples of the extender pigments may include heavy calcium carbonate, clay, kaolin, talc, precipitated barium sulfate, barium carbonate, white carbon, diatomaceous earth or the like.
- As the other additives usable as the component (E), there may be exemplified dispersing agents, anti-settling agents, anti-sag agents, delustering agents, plasticizers, defoamers, leveling agents, anti-cissing agents, adhesion modifiers, antiseptic agents, algaecides, bactericides, deodorants, ultraviolet light absorbers or the like. The additive may be added in a small amount as long as the aimed effect can be obtained by the addition of the additives. The amount of the additive added is not particularly restricted, and a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding the additive in an amount of usually 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 1.0 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention.
- The method of adding the additive as the component (E) is not particularly restricted. For example, after all of the components (A) to (D) are blended together to prepare a one-part type silicon-containing liquid composition, the additive (E) may be added to the obtained composition. Alternatively, the additive (E) may be added to any of the alkylsilicate, water, the organic solvent and the like in which the additive can be readily dissolved or dispersed, followed by mixing the respective components together. Also, in the case of the two-part type silicon-containing liquid composition composed of the main agent and the curing agent which are mixed together upon use, the additive (E) may be added to either the main agent or the curing agent.
- Thus, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention can be produced by blending the above-described components together. The organosilicate content in the silicon-containing liquid composition is usually 0.05 to 15% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, calculated as SiO2 in the organosilicate. When the organosilicate content is less than 0.05% by weight calculated as SiO2 in the organosilicate, the coating film formed on the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, transportation equipments and traffic signs, fails to exhibit a sufficient anti-staining property. When the organosilicate content is more than 15% by weight calculated as SiO2 in the organosilicate, such a composition having a too high organosilicate content tends to be gelled when stored, thereby causing problems such as poor storage stability upon practical use.
- The thus obtained silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention is capable of forming a colorless transparent coating film at ordinary temperature. The obtained coating film is an ultrathin film and, therefore, does not damage a touch of an underlying base material. Further, since the coating film exhibits an extremely low surface resistivity ranging from 7.5×107 to 1.5×1012 Ω·cm, the chargeable voltage thereof is limited to not more than 10 mV, resulting in good anti-static property. In this case, as to friction coefficients of the coating film, the static friction coefficient thereof is 0.5 to 1.2, and the kinetic friction coefficient thereof is 0.3 to 1.2. Further, the coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent hydrophilic property, and has a water contact angle as low as 5° to 35°. For this reason, the coating film is free from attachment of fur and fallstreifen. In addition, the coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent durability, especially a high resistance to acidic rain. Therefore, even when exposed to outside environments for a long period of time, the coating film can continuously maintain the above properties and can prevent the underlying material from being adversely affected. Also, the coating film exhibits an excellent chemical resistance. Therefore, even when the coating film is exposed to outside environments in snow country, snow-melting agents attached thereto such as calcium chloride can be removed only by water-washing, thereby inhibiting salt damage thereto.
- Coating Method
- The silicon-containing liquid composition of-the present invention can be applied onto the surface of painted or non-painted structures such as building structures, civil engineering structures, industrial equipments, transportation equipments and traffic signs by simplified methods, e.g., by wipe-coating the surface of these structures with a paper, cloth or non-woven fabric impregnated therewith, or by spray-coating an aerosol thereof onto the surface of these structures. Also, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention may be coated by various ordinary methods such as brush-coating, roller-coating and spray-coating, using a roll coater, a flow coater or the like.
- As the structures to be coated with the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention, there may be exemplified civil engineering structures such as tunnels, dams, bridges, tanks and flues; building structures such as houses and buildings; cultural assets such as temples, shrines, stone statues and ruins; transportation equipments such as automobiles, air planes, railway rolling stocks and ships; industrial equipments; traffic signs; outdoor structures such as guard rails; or the like. These structures may be previously painted or non-painted. Specific examples of the surface to be coated with the composition of the present invention may include exterior and interior surfaces (inside and outside wall surfaces) of these structures, wall surfaces of bath room and kitchen in the building structures, outer surfaces of housings of furnitures, refrigerators, televisions or air conditioners, stainable locations such as window glass, or the like. Meanwhile, although various structures are exemplified above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention can also be applied onto various objects or locations in order to impart a good anti-staining property thereto.
- The first coating method of the present invention is such a simple method of impregnating a suitable medium such as paper, cloth and non-woven fabric with the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention, wringing the medium appropriately, if required, and then wiping the surface to be coated, with the medium. The second coating method of the present invention is such a method of forming the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention into an aerosol, and then spray-coating the aerosol onto the surface of structures.
- In the first coating method, a paper, cloth or non-woven fabric may be preliminarily impregnated with the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention, stored in a sealed container, and taken out from the container when needed in order to wipe-coat the surface of structures therewith. Alternatively, upon use, a paper, cloth or non-woven fabric is impregnated with the silicon-containing liquid composition and squeezed appropriately, and then the surface of structures may be wipe-coated therewith. Using the first coating method, it becomes possible to simply apply the composition of the present invention onto either a freshly coated, already coated or non-painted surface of the structures. Since the first coating method is performed by wipe-coating, the composition applied is free from problems such as sag. In addition, the first coating method can be performed without preliminarily cleaning the surface to be treated, since contaminants previously attached can be wiped off simultaneously with the wipe-coating. The drying time after the wipe-coating is not less than 30 minutes, preferably not less than 2 hours at ordinary temperature.
- In the second coating method, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention is filled together with a propellant into a container to prepare an aerosol. As the propellant, there may be used known propellants such as dimethyl ether and LP gases. These propellants may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of any two or more thereof. The thus obtained aerosol may be applied onto the surface of the same structures as described in the above first coating method. The second coating method can be readily performed by directly spraying the aerosol onto the surface of structures. Meanwhile, if any contaminants are already attached onto the painted or non-painted surface of existing structures and the aerosol is spray-coated on such a surface, it is preferred that the surface is pre-treated in order to clean off the contaminants therefrom before spray-coating. On the contrary, in the case of structures having a freshly painted or repair-painted surface, or freshly prepared structures having a non-painted surface, it is possible to directly spray the aerosol onto the surface since no contaminants are present thereon. In this case, the aerosol can be spray-coated onto the freshly painted or repair-painted surface of structures or the non-painted surface of freshly prepared structures notwithstanding these surfaces are either dried or non-dried. The coating amount of the aerosol is in the range of 20 to 50 g/m2.
- Thus, in the above simple coating methods using the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention, it is possible to form on the surface of various structures, a thin coating film providing a good finished surface which is free from defects such as unevenness, sag and cracks, and is improved in film properties such as anti-staining property and weather resistance. As described above, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention not only is stably stored in a liquid state, but also is not classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law because of a less content of organic solvents. Therefore, the composition of the present invention is preferred from the viewpoint of safety upon use. It is considered that the above advantages of the present invention can be achieved by blending the respective components at the well-balanced mixing ratio.
- Thus, the silicon-containing liquid composition of the present invention can be maintained in a stable liquid state despite a less solvent content thereof and, therefore, is inhibited from being classified into dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law. As a result, the composition can be improved in handling property and safety upon coating. In addition, the coating method using the above silicon-containing liquid composition can provide a simplified method capable of forming a uniform thin coating film on the surface of various structures. Further, the thus obtained coating film can exhibit excellent properties such as anti-staining property, weather resistance and contaminant-removing property.
- The present invention will be described in more detail below by reference to examples, but these examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto. Meanwhile, “%” used herein represents “% by weight” unless otherwise specified.
- The following components wherein “MS51” represents a partially hydrolyzed condensate of methyl silicate (tradename: “MKC Silicate MS51” produced by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; formula: SiO0.8(OCH3)2.4), were mixed together at the below-mentioned mixing ratio at room temperature for 20 minutes, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (1) in the form of a colorless transparent liquid.
- Composition:
MS51 100 parts by weight* (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 5,385 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 7,500 parts by weight - The thus obtained silicon-containing composition (1) was evaluated according to the testing method for dangerous substances prescribed under the Fire Protection Law (Government Ordinance for “Regulation of Dangerous Objects” Article 1, §3 through Article 1, §8; Ministerial Ordinance for “Tests and Properties of Dangerous Objects”). It was confirmed that the alcohol content of the silicon-containing composition (1) was less than 60% by weight, and the water content thereof was about 57% by weight. In addition, as a result of the measurements conducted in Kita-Kyushu-City Fire Defense Science Research Institute, it was confirmed that the flash point (tag-closed type) of the silicon-containing composition (1) was 25.3° C., and the burning point (tag-open type) thereof was 31.5° C. Meanwhile, the flash point and burning point of 60-wt. % ethanol aqueous solution were 22.6° C. and 24.7° C., respectively. As a result, it was recognized that the silicon-containing composition (1) did not classified into the dangerous substances prescribed under the Fire Protection Law. Meanwhile, under the Fire Protection Law, substances having an alcohol content of less than 60% by weight and flash and burning points higher than those of the 60-wt. % ethanol aqueous solution can be excluded from the dangerous substances prescribed thereunder.
- 0.5 part by weight of an anti-cissing agent (tradename: “BYK-301” produced by BYK Chemie Co., Ltd.) was further added to the 1,000 parts by weight of the silicon-containing composition (1) prepared in Preparation Example 1. The resultant mixture was mixed at room temperature for 20 minutes, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (2).
- The same procedure as defined in Preparation Example 1 was conducted except that a partially hydrolyzed condensate of ethyl silicate (tradename “ES40” produced by Hulse Japan Co., Ltd.) was used instead of “MKC Silicate MS51” and the amount of the industrial ethanol was controlled such that the content of “ES40” (calculated as SiO2) in the liquid was 0.8% by weight. Although the raw mixture having the same composition as that used in Preparation Example 1 was mixed at room temperature for 20 minutes, the “ES40” remained not dissolved, and the obtained liquid became whitely turbid. For this reason, the amounts of the industrial ethanol and the ion-exchanged water were increased up to minimum amounts capable of completely dissolving the “ES40” and obtaining a uniform colorless transparent solution. The raw mixture thus controlled was mixed at room temperature for 20 minutes, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (3). It was confirmed that the silicate content in the composition was 0.8% by weight, calculated as SiO2. The composition of the raw mixture used above is shown below.
- Composition:
ES40 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 8,531 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 4,296 parts by weight - The thus obtained silicon-containing composition (3) contained the industrial ethanol in an amount of about 65% by weight, i.e., had an alcohol content of not less than 60% and, therefore, was regarded as the dangerous substances prescribed under the Fire Protection Law. Thus, when ethyl silicate was used, a large amount of alcohol was to be added in order to obtain a uniform liquid composition, resulting in production of the dangerous substances under the Fire Protection Law. Therefore, it was confirmed that the use of methyl silicate was preferred from the viewpoint of safety.
- Preparation Example 4
- The following components were mixed together and reacted at 40° C. for 2 hours, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (8) in the form of a colorless transparent liquid.
- Composition:
MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 3,000 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 2,000 parts by weight - The following components were mixed together and reacted at 50° C. for 1 hour.
- Composition:
MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 1,500 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 1,500 parts by weight - The obtained silicon-containing composition was further diluted at room temperature to adjust the following final mixing ratio, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (9) in the form of a colorless transparent liquid.
- Composition:
MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 5,000 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 5,000 parts by weight - The following components were mixed together and reacted at 60° C. for 2 hours, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (10) in the form of a colorless transparent liquid.
- Composition:
MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 1,250 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 250 parts by weight - The following components were mixed together and reacted at room temperature for 1 hours, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (11) in the form of a colorless transparent liquid.
- Composition:
MS-51 100 parts by weight (calculated as SiO2) 8% solution of aluminum-based catalyst 1.8 parts by weight Industrial ethanol 2,500 parts by weight Ion-exchanged water 675 parts by weight - A duster was immersed in the silicon-containing composition (3), and lightly wrung by hand. Then, an exterior painted surface of an automobile was wiped with the impregnated duster. The amount of the diluted liquid composition applied was 16 g/m2.
- A paper towel was impregnated with the silicon-containing composition, and stored in a sealed container. After one month, the impregnated paper towel was taken out from the container. The stained surface of a heavy oil tank having a top coat made of a fluororesin-based resin paint (tradename: “PF-250B” produced by Dainippon Shikizai Kougyo Co., Ltd.) was washed with water and then dried in air. The thus cleaned surface of the heavy oil tank was wiped with the impregnated paper towel in order to form a coating film of the silicon-containing composition thereon. It was confirmed that the amount of the silicon-containing composition (2) applied was about 50 g/m2.
- The silicon-containing composition (2) prepared in Preparation Example 2 and LPG as a propellant were charged at a volume ratio of 100:200 into an aerosol container, thereby preparing an aerosol composition. The thus obtained aerosol composition was spray-coated onto the surface of the same heavy oil tank as used in Example 2. It was confirmed that the amount of the aerosol applied was 35 g/m2.
- The same procedure as defined in Example 1 was conducted except that a part of the surface of the automobile remained uncoated with the diluted solution of the silicon-containing composition (2).
- The same procedure as defined in Example 2 was conducted except that a part of the surface of the heavy oil tank remained uncoated with the silicon-containing composition (2).
- The coated surfaces obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were exposed to outside environments for half a year (test period: from June to December of 1998; location: Sanwa-machi, Sarushima-gun, Ibaragi-ken). After the exposure to outside environments, the coated surfaces were visually observed to determine the degree of contamination thereof. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
- Table 1: Observation Results of Contamination After Half-Year Exposure to Outside Environments
Initial Examples and contamination Degree of contamination Comparative on surface of after half year Examples coating film Dirt Fallstreifen Example 1 None Small None Example 2 None Small None Example 3 None Small None Comparative None Large Some Example 1 Comparative None Large Much Example 2 - In the column “degree of contamination” of Table 1, “Small” means that a small amount of dirt attached onto the coating was visually observed; “Large” means that a large amount of dirt attached was visually observed; and “None” in the sub-column “Fallstreifen” means that no fall streaks were visually observed.
- The same procedure as defined in Preparation Example 2 was conducted except that the amount of the industrial ethanol blended was changed to 80 parts by weight, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (4). The thus obtained composition was a turbid liquid, and failed to form a uniform solution.
- The same procedure as defined in Preparation Example 2 was conducted except that the amount of the industrial ethanol blended was changed to 60,000 parts by weight, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (5). The thus obtained composition was coated on the surface of the objective, and exposed to outside environments in the same manner as in Example 1. As to the degree of contamination of the coating after half-year exposure, the attachment of dirt was evaluated as “Large”, and the fallstreifen was evaluated as “Much”.
- The same procedure as defined in Preparation Example 2 was conducted except that the amount of water blended was changed to 70 parts by weight, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (6). The thus obtained composition was coated on the surface of the objective, and exposed to outside environments in the same manner as in Example 1. As to the degree of contamination of the coating after half-year exposure, the attachment of dirt was evaluated as “Large”, and the fallstreifen was evaluated as “Much”.
- The same procedure as defined in Preparation Example 2 was conducted except that the amount of water blended was changed to 60,000 parts by weight, thereby preparing a silicon-containing composition (7). The thus obtained composition was coated on the surface of the objective, and exposed to outside environments in the same manner as in Example 1. As to the degree of contamination of the coating after half-year exposure, the attachment of dirt was evaluated as “Large”, and the fallstreifen was evaluated as “Much”.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (2) prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (8) prepared in Preparation Example 4.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (9) prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (5) used in Comparative Example 4.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (6) used in Comparative Example 6.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (10) prepared in Preparation Example 6.
- A glass plate was wiped with the silicon-containing composition (11) prepared in Preparation Example 7.
- The water contact angles and surface resistivities of the coated surfaces of the glass plates prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 7-10 were measured under 50% RH at 23° C. by a CA-A Type manufactured by Kyowa Kaimen Kagaku Co., Ltd. (water contact angle) and by TR8411 Type manufactured by Advantest Co., Ltd. (surface resistivity), respectively. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Example 6 At reaction Final Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example 4 Example 5 stage product Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Water/Ethanol 58/42 40/60 50/50 50/50 11/89 92/8 17/83 21/89 ratio Hydrolysis 20800 5540 4150 13800 20800 166000 692 1870 percentage (%) Water contact 20 18 — 15 62 54 50 47 angle Surface 2.1 × 108 1.5 × 108 — 8.0 × 107 1.1 × 1014 6.5 × 1013 4.2 × 1013 2.5 × 1013 resistivity (Ω)
Claims (12)
1. A silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 100 to 50,000 parts by weight of a solvent, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20.
2. A silicon-containing liquid composition according to claim 1 , having a hydrolysis percentage of 1,000 to 90,000%.
3. A silicon-containing liquid composition according to claim 1 , further comprising (E) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of pigments, fillers and paint additives.
4. A silicon-containing liquid composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organosilicate (A) is represented by the general formula:
SiOx(OR)y
wherein x is a number of 0 to 1.2, and y is a number of 1.4 to 4 with the proviso that (2x+y) is 4; and R is C1 to C4 alkyl.
5. A silicon-containing liquid composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organosilicate (A) is methyl silicate.
6. A coating process comprising:
coating a surface of a structure with the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in claim 1 so as to prevent the surface of the structure from being contaminated.
7. A coating process comprising:
coating a surface of an inorganic structure with the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in claim 1 so as to prevent the surface of the inorganic structure from being contaminated.
8. A coating process comprising:
forming the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in claim 1 into an aerosol; and
spray-coating the aerosol onto a surface of a structure.
9. A coating process comprising:
wipe-coating a surface of a structure with the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in claim 1 .
10. A coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in claim 1 , said coating film having a surface resistivity of 7.5×107 to 1.5×1012.
11. A coating film produced from the silicon-containing liquid composition as defined in claim 1 , said coating film having a water contact angle of 5° to 35°.
12. A silicon-containing liquid composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a catalyst, (C) 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of water, and (D) 5,000 to 30,000 parts by weight of a solvent, and having a hydrolysis percentage of 10,000 to 90,000%, a weight ratio of the water (C) to the solvent (D) being in the range of 30:70 to 80:20, said composition being produced by contacting (A) 100 parts by weight of the organosilicate, calculated as SiO2, (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the catalyst; (C) 500 to 5,000 parts by weight of the water; and (D) 100 to 5,000 parts by weight of the solvent, with each other; reacting a resultant mixture until a hydrolysis percentage thereof reaches 1,000 to 90,000%; and diluting a resultant reaction mixture with additional amounts of the water (C) and the solvent (D) to adjust a final hydrolysis percentage thereof into 10,000 to 90,000%.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/404,117 US20030207991A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2003-04-02 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/991,875 US6599976B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2001-11-26 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
US10/404,117 US20030207991A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2003-04-02 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/991,875 Division US6599976B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2001-11-26 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20030207991A1 true US20030207991A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
Family
ID=25537672
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/991,875 Expired - Fee Related US6599976B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2001-11-26 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
US10/404,117 Abandoned US20030207991A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2003-04-02 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/991,875 Expired - Fee Related US6599976B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2001-11-26 | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6599976B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050266248A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Millero Edward R | Multi-layer coatings and related methods |
US20050266981A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Masayuki Nakajima | Hydrophilic compositions, methods for their production, and substrates coated with such compositions |
US20050266235A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Masayuki Nakajima | Multi-layer coatings with an inorganic oxide network containing layer and methods for their application |
CN109942354A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | PBT propellant low-temperature mechanical property estimation method based on contact angle data and formula |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1433828A1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2004-06-30 | Kansai Paint Co., Ltd | Coating composition |
JP5183066B2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2013-04-17 | ブリスマット インコーポレイテッド | Silica membrane and method for producing the same |
US8734906B2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2014-05-27 | Brismat Inc. | Films and method of production thereof |
DE102004061769B4 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2007-04-12 | Ettl, Hans, Dr. | Mineral adhesive for inorganic building materials and its use |
US20070178318A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2007-08-02 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Silicon-containing liquid composition |
JP4756128B2 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2011-08-24 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | Coating liquid for forming protective film for semiconductor processing, method for preparing the same, and protective film for semiconductor processing obtained therefrom |
US8007868B2 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2011-08-30 | Xerocoat Inc. | Control of morphology of silica films |
US7455912B2 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-11-25 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Compositions containing a silanol functional polymer and related hydrophilic coating films |
US20080206579A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-08-28 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Compositions containing a silanol functional polymer and related hydrophilic coating films |
CN101579672A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-11-18 | 3M创新有限公司 | Silicon dioxide coating for improving hydrophilicity/transmittivity |
GB0817578D0 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2008-11-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Method for treating wheel rims and composition for use therein |
US9206335B2 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2015-12-08 | 3M Innovation Properties Company | Silica coating for enhanced hydrophilicity |
US20100092765A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Silica coating for enhanced hydrophilicity |
CN101941001B (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2014-04-02 | 3M创新有限公司 | Hydrophilic coating, product, coating composition and method |
CN102241899B (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2014-05-14 | 3M创新有限公司 | Coating composition, method for modifying matrix surface, and product |
WO2014014542A2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2014-01-23 | Burning Bush Group | High performance silicon based coating compositions |
US10138381B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2018-11-27 | Burning Bush Group, Llc | High performance silicon based thermal coating compositions |
CN107236453B (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2019-06-11 | 伯宁布什集团有限公司 | Silicon substrate high performance paint composition |
CA2900074A1 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-08-28 | Christopher Fish | Method for applying high performance silicon-based coating compositions |
AU2014265845B2 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2016-11-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Easy-clean surface and method of making the same |
US9006355B1 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-14 | Burning Bush Group, Llc | High performance silicon-based compositions |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5223030A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-06-29 | Akzo N.V. | Hybrid binder having reduced organic solvent content for use in refractory molds |
US5618628A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1997-04-08 | International Paper Company | Sol gel barrier films |
US5958514A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-09-28 | Sdc Coatings, Inc. | Composition for providing an abrasion resistant coating on a substrate |
US6016689A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2000-01-25 | The Research Foundation Of Suny At Buffalo | Aerosol-generated sol-gel derived thin films and applications thereof |
US6623863B2 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2003-09-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Article coated with water-repellent film, liquid composition for coating with water-repellent film, and process for producing article coated with water-repellent film |
-
2001
- 2001-11-26 US US09/991,875 patent/US6599976B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-04-02 US US10/404,117 patent/US20030207991A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5223030A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-06-29 | Akzo N.V. | Hybrid binder having reduced organic solvent content for use in refractory molds |
US5618628A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1997-04-08 | International Paper Company | Sol gel barrier films |
US6016689A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2000-01-25 | The Research Foundation Of Suny At Buffalo | Aerosol-generated sol-gel derived thin films and applications thereof |
US5958514A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-09-28 | Sdc Coatings, Inc. | Composition for providing an abrasion resistant coating on a substrate |
US6623863B2 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2003-09-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Article coated with water-repellent film, liquid composition for coating with water-repellent film, and process for producing article coated with water-repellent film |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050266248A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Millero Edward R | Multi-layer coatings and related methods |
US20050266981A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Masayuki Nakajima | Hydrophilic compositions, methods for their production, and substrates coated with such compositions |
US20050266235A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Masayuki Nakajima | Multi-layer coatings with an inorganic oxide network containing layer and methods for their application |
US7354624B2 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2008-04-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Multi-layer coatings and related methods |
US7354650B2 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2008-04-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Multi-layer coatings with an inorganic oxide network containing layer and methods for their application |
US7959980B2 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2011-06-14 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Hydrophilic compositions, methods for their production, and substrates coated with such compositions |
CN109942354A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | PBT propellant low-temperature mechanical property estimation method based on contact angle data and formula |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6599976B2 (en) | 2003-07-29 |
US20030109633A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6599976B2 (en) | Coating process and silicon-containing liquid composition | |
KR100322942B1 (en) | Antifouling agent and nonaqueous coating composition containing said agent | |
KR101750441B1 (en) | Surface-protective water-repellent agent for exterior surfaces | |
AU2008208419B2 (en) | Coating composition | |
JP6591596B2 (en) | Mixed composition | |
KR101780563B1 (en) | Warer-repellent coating composition | |
WO1995002645A1 (en) | Coating resin composition | |
WO2001018134A1 (en) | One-part organopolysiloxane rubber composition for use as a corrosion protection coating | |
EP1646695B1 (en) | Solvent free silicone rubber protective coating composition | |
WO2005083006A1 (en) | Silicon-containing liquid composition | |
JP2005272835A (en) | Silicon-containing liquid composition | |
US6833407B1 (en) | Solvent free silicone coating composition | |
JP2000288466A (en) | Heat insulating coating structure | |
JP4424780B2 (en) | Coating method and silicon-containing liquid composition | |
JP2011132486A (en) | Coating composition and coated product | |
JP2007268344A (en) | Old coating film-repairing method | |
JP3245522B2 (en) | Paint composition | |
JP3245521B2 (en) | Paint composition | |
JP3245519B2 (en) | Paint composition | |
JP4192285B2 (en) | Paint composition | |
JP3245520B2 (en) | Paint composition | |
JPH11131020A (en) | Composition for coating material | |
JP2016050276A (en) | Surface treatment agent for coated steel panel | |
WO2019189791A1 (en) | Mixed composition | |
JP2003509532A (en) | One-part organopolysiloxane rubber compositions for use as corrosion protection coatings |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |