US20030125019A1 - Mitigating interference among multiple radio device types - Google Patents
Mitigating interference among multiple radio device types Download PDFInfo
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- US20030125019A1 US20030125019A1 US10/038,961 US3896102A US2003125019A1 US 20030125019 A1 US20030125019 A1 US 20030125019A1 US 3896102 A US3896102 A US 3896102A US 2003125019 A1 US2003125019 A1 US 2003125019A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04W72/1215—Wireless traffic scheduling for collaboration of different radio technologies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
- H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient
- H04W72/569—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient of the traffic information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to mitigating cross-interference between communication devices in wireless communication systems, and more particularly to systems capable of wirelessly interfacing with several communication device types.
- Wireless connectivity for a communication device may be enabled using a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specification within a particular area. Specifically, based on the MAC and PHY specification, access to one or more frequency bands over a communication channel for the purposes of local area communication may be provided. For example, wireless connectivity may be provided to automatic machinery, electronic equipment, or communication devices, which may be fixed, portable, hand-held and/or mobile within a local area.
- MAC medium access control
- PHY physical layer
- Bluetooth short-range and long-range wireless communications technologies
- IEEE 802.11 may lend themselves to potential integration with one another in a single wireless communication system.
- the Bluetooth standard is described in detail in documents entitled “Specifications of the Bluetooth System: Core” and “Specifications of the Bluetooth System: Profiles”, both published on July 1999, and are available from the Bluetooth Special Interest Group on the Internet at Bluetooth's official website.
- the IEEE 802.11 standard is described in detail in a specification entitled “IEEE Std 802.11 1999 Edition,” available from IEEE Customer Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, N.J. 08855-1331.
- a set of complex analog circuits is required to obviate the cross-interference.
- such complex analog circuits are used for out-of-band frequency rejection using filter tuning, and gain control, using up valuable hardware real estate.
- a complex signaling mechanism e.g., sideband signaling
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system including a radio device cross-interference mitigation module, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of a hardware-based wireless communication interface that may be employed in the processor-based wireless communication system of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic depiction of a software-based wireless communication interface that may be employed in the processor-based wireless communication system of FIG. 1 consistent with one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of interaction between a controller/scheduler logic and a radio device interface logic in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a personal computer platform where the radio device cross-interference mitigation module of FIG. 1 may be deployed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- a wireless communication system 20 includes a module 25 for mitigating cross-interference among disparate wireless devices that may be simultaneously active, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- the module 25 may be coupled to a chipset 30 through a shared interface 35 .
- the module 25 may be advantageously integrated within the chipset 30 itself.
- the chipset 30 may comprise a set of integrated circuits, such as a chip 40 A and a chip 40 B, providing a predetermined functionality based on a particular application, in one embodiment.
- the wireless communication system 20 may be a processor-based system capable of wirelessly interfacing with several radio device types operating in tandem or concurrently on a wireless-enabled platform, such as in personal computing environments.
- a wireless-enabled platform such as in personal computing environments.
- Several short-range and/or long-range wireless communication standards may be deployed.
- cross-interference between different types of radio devices 44 a radio device 44 A (e.g., operating in accordance with the Bluetooth standard), a radio device 44 B (e.g., operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 standard), and/or a radio device 44 C (e.g., operating in accordance with one or more other wireless standards) may be substantially mitigated.
- the wireless communication system 20 may be a node in a wireless local area network (LAN).
- LAN wireless local area network
- Such node may be advantageously positioned proximate to the radio device 44 A, for example, a Bluetooth piconet.
- the Bluetooth piconet may operate in accordance with the Bluetooth specification.
- the radio device 44 B may operate in accordance with one of the wireless LAN standards such as the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- the radio device 44 A and the radio device 44 B may operate in the same frequency band such as the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band which is minimally regulated.
- the node may employ the module 25 that is responsible for mitigating potential cross-interference between the Bluetooth piconet (which is not part of the wireless LAN that includes the node) and the IEEE 802.11 standard based radio device.
- the module 25 comprises a controller/scheduler 50 to controllably operate a radio device interface 55 including an antenna 60 for carrying out wireless communications.
- the radio device interface 55 may selectively communicate with the radio device 44 A, the radio 44 B, and/or the radio device 44 C.
- the radio device interface 55 may further comprise a transceiver 65 A and transceiver 65 B, both operably coupled to the antenna 60 and the controller/scheduler 50 .
- Each transceiver 65 may correspond to a radio device type in one embodiment and provide an activity signal to the controller/scheduler 50 .
- all of the transceivers 65 may be disabled while a selected one of the transceivers 65 is conducting communication with a radio device 44 , that is, the radio device 44 C, as an example.
- Activity signals from the respective transceivers 65 may be detected at the controller/scheduler 50 , indicating some activity corresponding to the radio device 44 A and the radio device 44 B, respectively.
- the transceiver 65 A may provide a gating signal 71 A to the controller/scheduler 50 .
- the transceiver 65 B may provide a gating signal 71 B to the controller/scheduler 50 .
- a priority may be assigned to each of the transceiver 65 while a potential communication (pending or anticipated) associated with each of the transceiver 65 may be tracked in one embodiment.
- Control of communication between the transceivers 65 i.e., transceiver 65 A through transceiver 65 B may then be arbitrated based on the priority and the potential communications.
- one transceiver 65 at a time may then be selectively energized (e.g., powered up or down) based on the control of communication.
- each transceiver may comprise appropriate communication circuitry. That is, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, the transceiver 65 A includes an associated RF interface 76 A and a baseband interface 78 A to enable a first wireless communication 85 A between the radio device 44 A and the module 25 . Similarly to enable a second wireless communication 85 B with the radio device 44 B, the transceiver 65 B may include an associated RF interface 76 B and a baseband interface 78 B.
- RF radio frequency
- the radio device interface 55 may further include a channel lock arbitrator 90 being operably coupled to the controller/scheduler 50 .
- a channel lock arbitrator 90 For arbitrating control between the first and second wireless communications 85 A, 85 B, respectively, over a communication channel, a set of shared registers 92 , and a set of wireless device specific registers 94 may be provided for the channel lock arbitrator 90 .
- controller/scheduler 50 may be any suitable processor-based unit, in some embodiments, the controller/scheduler 50 may comprise a processor 95 , and a storage 97 storing a priority protocol 99 .
- the priority protocol 99 may include predefined criteria as the basis for assigning a priority to each active transceiver 65 . Such predefined criteria may further include a first criterion, a second criterion, and a third criterion.
- the first criterion may be indicative of an overhead associated with a potential communication from/to each transceiver 65 .
- the transceiver 65 A may be selected over the transceiver 65 B that having a relatively higher cost of data communications in accordance with one embodiment.
- the second criterion may indicate to the channel lock arbitrator 90 an amount of data needing transfer which is being associated with the potential communication for each transceiver 65 .
- communicating a particular amount of data may correspond to an available bandwidth for the transceiver 65 , as the transceiver 65 A may be relatively slower than the transceiver 65 B.
- switching between the transceivers 65 i.e., the transceivers 65 A and 65 B
- a task of downloading may involve transferring a large chunk of data where an appropriate prioritization may be implemented accordingly.
- a priority may be assigned to each transceiver 65 based on the third criterion, indicating a power consumption associated with the potential communication for each transceiver 65 .
- the wireless communication system 20 may be a battery operated system.
- the transceiver 65 A may be relatively more power hungry than the transceiver 65 B.
- the channel lock arbitrator 90 may prioritize the transceiver 65 A over the transceiver 65 B.
- a suitable prioritization scheme may be devised to usefully fit a specific scenario in a wireless-enabled platform or any other similar application.
- the type of each of the wireless transceivers 65 may be first determined. According to the priority protocol 99 , and the type of each wireless transceiver 65 , device characteristics and priority information may then be derived. Subsequently, the device characteristics and priority information may be sent to each wireless transceiver 65 . Using the set of shared registers 92 and the set of wireless device specific registers 94 of the channel lock arbitrator 90 , the control of communication may be arbitrated by the controller/scheduler 50 . That is, in one embodiment, a communication session associated with one of the active wireless transceivers 65 may be selectively enabled.
- arbitration of the control of the communication may be accomplished, for example, by time slicing (e.g., allocating available time slots of the communication channel to Bluetooth and IEEE 802 . 11 transmissions where, for example, the Bluetooth time slots may further be shared among more than one active Bluetooth piconets).
- time slicing e.g., allocating available time slots of the communication channel to Bluetooth and IEEE 802 . 11 transmissions where, for example, the Bluetooth time slots may further be shared among more than one active Bluetooth piconets.
- each transceiver 65 may further include a physical layer unit (PHYU), such as a modulator/demodulator (MODEM) and a medium access control unit (MACU) compliant with a desired standard (e.g., Bluetooth or IEEE 802.11).
- PHYU physical layer unit
- MODEM modulator/demodulator
- MACU medium access control unit
- the physical layer unit may receive a received signal strength indication (RSSI) signal from the physical layer unit.
- RSSI signal is conventionally utilized in association with what is known as a channel access control.
- the module 25 uses the raw RSSI data, received from the physical layer unit.
- the module 25 uses the RSSI data to detect transmission of any radio or wireless devices that are not part of the wireless LAN, such as transmission from a Bluetooth piconet.
- a hardware-based wireless communication interface 110 is shown in FIG. 2 that may be employed in the wireless communication system 20 of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- a communication device 115 A and a communication device 115 B may interface with a PC chipset 120 A through a shared bus 125 .
- a controller 50 A coupled to both the communication device 115 A and the communication device 115 B may control at least in part any radio communication activity at each communication device.
- each communication device may provide a signal to the controller 50 A indicating local communication activity.
- the communication device 115 A sends a control signal 135 A to the controller 50 A.
- the communication device 115 B sends a control signal 135 B to the controller 50 A.
- Both the control signals 135 that is, the control signal 135 A and the control signal 135 B in the illustrated embodiment may provide to the controller 50 A an indication of a communication activity that is either pending, anticipated or undergoing.
- individual radio communication activity may be selectively controlled by the controller 50 A.
- the communication device 115 A in one embodiment, comprises a baseband interface unit 140 A and a radio communication interface 142 A.
- the communication device 115 B also includes a baseband interface unit 140 B and a radio communication interface 142 B.
- the controller 50 A When the controller 50 A detects that both of the communication devices 115 , (that is, the communication device 115 A and the communication device 115 B in the depicted embodiment) are active and seeking a communication channel, the control of the communication channel may be arbitrated between the two. In one embodiment, the controller 50 A powers down the non-active communication device 115 that was denied the control of the communication channel. In this way, since only one of the two communication devices 115 may be operational at a particular time, cross-interference between the two communication devices 115 may be substantially mitigated.
- a software-based wireless communication interface 150 shown in FIG. 3 may be employed in the wireless communication system 20 of FIG. 1 in one embodiment consistent with the present invention.
- the software-based wireless communication interface 150 may include a scheduler 50 B and a shared memory 160 according to one embodiment. Using the shared memory 160 , the scheduler 50 B may arbitrate the control of a communication channel between the radio subsystem 162 A and the radio subsystem 162 B.
- the radio subsystem 162 A may comprise a transceiver 165 A
- the radio subsystem 162 B may include a transceiver 165 B to enable bi-directional communications.
- the radio subsystem 162 A may provide a gating signal 170 A to the scheduler 50 B according to one operation of the present invention.
- the radio subsystem 162 B may provide a gating signal 170 B to the scheduler 50 B when another communication activity occurs at the transceiver 165 B.
- both the radio subsystems 162 may employ the shared memory 160 to inform each other about the respective communication activities, which may be either pending, anticipated, or undergoing.
- the shared memory 160 includes a set of global registers 175 and a set of dedicated registers 177 A through 177 B for facilitating arbitration of the control of the communication channel between the two radio subsystems 162 A and 162 B.
- the radio subsystems 162 A and 162 B may use a shared memory architecture in a semaphore-based implementation according to one embodiment. Such implementation may enable selective blocking off the transmission/reception of a radio communication at the transceiver 165 A and/or the transceiver 165 B.
- a selective communication control may be provided to the radio subsystem 162 A and the radio subsystem 162 B by the scheduler 50 B. While the radio subsystem 162 A is active, the radio subsystem 162 B may be powered down in order for the radio subsystem 162 A to continue communication, avoiding cross-interference, as an example.
- a PC chipset 120 B may also use the shared memory 160 to control at least a portion of the communications from the radio subsystem 162 A and the radio subsystem 162 B.
- the scheduler 50 B using the shared memory 160 , may provide a global lock feature based on the contents of the global resistors 175 and the registers REG 177 A through REG 177 B. For example, if both the radio subsystems 162 A and 162 B attempt to acquire the control of the communication channel, a first indication may be provided in the global registers 175 and a second indication into a local register of the registers REG 177 A through REG 177 B dedicated to that particular radio subsystem.
- the radio subsystem 162 A may be given the control of the communication channel a bit may be set in REG 177 A. In this way, access to the communication channel may be selectively provided to the radio subsystems 162 A and 162 B. If a conflict concerning a communication channel control arises, the scheduler 50 B may inform the non-active radio subsystem regarding the activity of the active radio subsystem through the global registers 175 . For example, if the radio subsystem 162 A is active and the radio subsystem 162 B desires the control of the communication channel, the scheduler 50 B arbitrates such control of the communication channel by indicating to the radio subsystem 162 B about the current ownership of the communication channel by the radio subsystem 162 .
- All of the radio subsystems 162 A through 162 B may remain in a low power state or in a power down mode until given the ownership of the communication channel.
- an indication may be provided in the shared memory 160 for the radio subsystem 162 B to inform that the communication channel is now available.
- one or more access bits may be set in the global registers 175 and registers REG 177 A through REG 177 B, for the purposes of generating an indication for/by the scheduler 50 B as well as the radio subsystem 162 A and the radio subsystem 162 B. These access bits may inform the scheduler 50 B as well as the radio subsystems 162 regarding a non-active state and seeking of the control of the communication channel.
- a controller/scheduler logic 50 C for example, the controller/scheduler 50 of FIG. 1 and a radio device interface logic 55 A (for example, the radio device interface 55 of FIG. 1) consistent with one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4.
- a hypothetical dotted line 210 functionally distinguishes the controller/scheduler logic 50 C from the radio device interface logic 55 A, according to one embodiment.
- a desired configuration of the controller/scheduler logic 50 C and the radio device interface logic 55 A may be suitably deployed.
- Each radio device interface may provide a gating signal to the controller/scheduler logic 50 C at block 210 .
- a gating signal may be detected from the radio device interface associated with an active wireless device at 215 .
- the controller/scheduler logic 50 C may proceed to further identify a specific type of the radio device interface.
- the controller/scheduler logic 50 C may proceed to the next step. Otherwise, if at diamond 230 , a type B radio device interface is determined, then again, the controller/scheduler logic 50 C proceeds to the next step. Likewise, if the radio device interface is determined to be of a type C, the controller/scheduler logic 50 C proceeds to the next step as well.
- the controller/scheduler logic 50 C may terminate. After at least two active radio device interface types are recognized, a priority may be assigned to each such active radio device interface type at block 240 . Device characteristics and priority information may then be prepared and subsequently sent to each active radio device interface type at block 245 . By querying the controller/scheduler logic 50 C, the radio device interface logic 55 A may request a channel lock at block 250 for communicating with an associated active wireless device.
- the controller/scheduler logic 50 C may provide the channel lock to a selected one of the active device interface at block 255 .
- the selected active radio device interface type at block 260 may gain ownership of the channel lock.
- All the active radio device interface types associated with the active wireless devices except the one provided the channel lock may be de-energized (e.g., powered down) at block 265 .
- a communication channel may be opened at block 270 . Therefore, the active wireless device corresponding to the selected active radio device interface type may communicate at block 275 .
- a personal computer (PC) platform/system 300 as shown in FIG. 5 includes a PC chipset 120 C and a processor 310 .
- the processor 95 A interfaces through a shared bus 315 .
- the shared bus 315 may further be coupled to the bridge chip 320 .
- a memory 325 and a system read only memory (ROM) in conjunction with a basic input output system (BIOS) 330 may further be coupled to the bridge chip 320 .
- the bridge chip 320 may interface with a radio device cross-interference mitigation module 25 A.
- this module 25 A may be deployed in the PC platform/system 300 in accordance with any desired wireless communication standard.
- the actual mechanism implemented for cross-interference reduction likely depend on the implementation guidelines (e.g., based on a specific wireless communication standard) for a given communications architecture for a particular PC system.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates generally to mitigating cross-interference between communication devices in wireless communication systems, and more particularly to systems capable of wirelessly interfacing with several communication device types.
- Wireless connectivity for a communication device may be enabled using a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specification within a particular area. Specifically, based on the MAC and PHY specification, access to one or more frequency bands over a communication channel for the purposes of local area communication may be provided. For example, wireless connectivity may be provided to automatic machinery, electronic equipment, or communication devices, which may be fixed, portable, hand-held and/or mobile within a local area.
- Although the current focus is on the individual integration of wireless communications technologies into a wireless-enabled platform, it may be beneficial for more than one of these technologies to co-exist in one system. In this way, two or more communication device types may wirelessly interface with a wireless communication system, for example, a wireless-enabled personal computer (PC) system.
- A number of short-range and long-range wireless communications technologies, such as Bluetooth or IEEE 802.11, may lend themselves to potential integration with one another in a single wireless communication system. The Bluetooth standard is described in detail in documents entitled “Specifications of the Bluetooth System: Core” and “Specifications of the Bluetooth System: Profiles”, both published on July 1999, and are available from the Bluetooth Special Interest Group on the Internet at Bluetooth's official website. The IEEE 802.11 standard is described in detail in a specification entitled “IEEE Std 802.11 1999 Edition,” available from IEEE Customer Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, N.J. 08855-1331.
- While these wireless communications technologies have been fairly well defined in the context of individual usage models, their joint usage models with respect to each other are not yet clearly defined. For instance, it is conceivable to have applications where two or more of these communications technologies may have to operate in tandem or concurrently on the wireless-enabled platform.
- Unfortunately, such integration may result in undesired interference between the active radio systems, leading to potential signal loss and/or malfunction of the radio system themselves. A cross-interference problem may occur with the integration of multiple radio devices into a wireless communication system, as an example.
- Because of the cross-interference problem, integration of wireless communications technologies (e.g., radio frequency (RF) based) into a PC platform may be difficult to accommodate. Therefore, in some cases a simple implementation of multiple integrated radio systems may not be feasible at all. Moreover, based on a certain combination of usage models or other limitations imposed by original equipment manufactures (OEMs), integration of two or more radio technologies into the PC platform may become even more difficult.
- A variety of mechanisms have been contemplated to reduce cross-interference problem between multiple radio devices within a system. Traditional ways of dealing with this problem involve circuits for gain control and filter tuning to reject interference signals.
- In particular, a set of complex analog circuits is required to obviate the cross-interference. Typically, such complex analog circuits are used for out-of-band frequency rejection using filter tuning, and gain control, using up valuable hardware real estate. Further, a complex signaling mechanism (e.g., sideband signaling) may need to be deployed in order to support and/or coordinate the filters/gain control circuits, resulting in inefficient usage of available communication bandwidth.
- Thus, reduction in cross-interference is desired for communication systems that wirelessly interface with multiple communication devices.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system including a radio device cross-interference mitigation module, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of a hardware-based wireless communication interface that may be employed in the processor-based wireless communication system of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic depiction of a software-based wireless communication interface that may be employed in the processor-based wireless communication system of FIG. 1 consistent with one embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of interaction between a controller/scheduler logic and a radio device interface logic in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a personal computer platform where the radio device cross-interference mitigation module of FIG. 1 may be deployed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- A
wireless communication system 20 includes amodule 25 for mitigating cross-interference among disparate wireless devices that may be simultaneously active, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. For interfacing, themodule 25 may be coupled to achipset 30 through a sharedinterface 35. Alternatively, themodule 25 may be advantageously integrated within thechipset 30 itself. In any event, thechipset 30 may comprise a set of integrated circuits, such as achip 40A and achip 40B, providing a predetermined functionality based on a particular application, in one embodiment. - In some embodiments, the
wireless communication system 20 may be a processor-based system capable of wirelessly interfacing with several radio device types operating in tandem or concurrently on a wireless-enabled platform, such as in personal computing environments. Several short-range and/or long-range wireless communication standards may be deployed. Using themodule 25, for example, cross-interference between different types of radio devices 44, aradio device 44A (e.g., operating in accordance with the Bluetooth standard), aradio device 44B (e.g., operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 standard), and/or aradio device 44C (e.g., operating in accordance with one or more other wireless standards) may be substantially mitigated. - In one case, the
wireless communication system 20 may be a node in a wireless local area network (LAN). Such node may be advantageously positioned proximate to theradio device 44A, for example, a Bluetooth piconet. The Bluetooth piconet may operate in accordance with the Bluetooth specification. Likewise, theradio device 44B may operate in accordance with one of the wireless LAN standards such as the IEEE 802.11 standard. - However, the
radio device 44A and theradio device 44B may operate in the same frequency band such as the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band which is minimally regulated. The node may employ themodule 25 that is responsible for mitigating potential cross-interference between the Bluetooth piconet (which is not part of the wireless LAN that includes the node) and the IEEE 802.11 standard based radio device. - While embodiments according to the Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 standards are described, the present invention is not limited to such examples. Of course, while using one or more such standards, cross-interference between wireless transceivers in a variety of circumstances and applications may be significantly reduced.
- According to one embodiment of the present invention, the
module 25 comprises a controller/scheduler 50 to controllably operate aradio device interface 55 including anantenna 60 for carrying out wireless communications. When prompted, theradio device interface 55 may selectively communicate with theradio device 44A, theradio 44B, and/or theradio device 44C. Theradio device interface 55 may further comprise atransceiver 65A andtransceiver 65B, both operably coupled to theantenna 60 and the controller/scheduler 50. Each transceiver 65 may correspond to a radio device type in one embodiment and provide an activity signal to the controller/scheduler 50. - Essentially, all of the transceivers65, i.e., within the
radio device interface 55, may be disabled while a selected one of the transceivers 65 is conducting communication with a radio device 44, that is, theradio device 44C, as an example. Activity signals from the respective transceivers 65 may be detected at the controller/scheduler 50, indicating some activity corresponding to theradio device 44A and theradio device 44B, respectively. - In particular, when a first communication activity is detected corresponding to the
radio device 44A, thetransceiver 65A may provide agating signal 71A to the controller/scheduler 50. Likewise, when a second communication activity is detected corresponding to theradio device 44B, thetransceiver 65B may provide agating signal 71B to the controller/scheduler 50. - Dynamically, a priority may be assigned to each of the transceiver65 while a potential communication (pending or anticipated) associated with each of the transceiver 65 may be tracked in one embodiment. Control of communication between the transceivers 65, i.e., transceiver 65A through
transceiver 65B may then be arbitrated based on the priority and the potential communications. To this end, one transceiver 65 at a time may then be selectively energized (e.g., powered up or down) based on the control of communication. - For the purposes of handling wireless communications (e.g., radio frequency (RF) communications) and digitally processing such communications, each transceiver may comprise appropriate communication circuitry. That is, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, the
transceiver 65A includes an associatedRF interface 76A and abaseband interface 78A to enable a firstwireless communication 85A between theradio device 44A and themodule 25. Similarly to enable a secondwireless communication 85B with theradio device 44B, thetransceiver 65B may include an associatedRF interface 76B and abaseband interface 78B. - Consistent with one embodiment, the
radio device interface 55 may further include achannel lock arbitrator 90 being operably coupled to the controller/scheduler 50. For arbitrating control between the first and secondwireless communications registers 92, and a set of wireless devicespecific registers 94 may be provided for thechannel lock arbitrator 90. - While the controller/
scheduler 50 may be any suitable processor-based unit, in some embodiments, the controller/scheduler 50 may comprise aprocessor 95, and astorage 97 storing apriority protocol 99. Thepriority protocol 99, in one embodiment, may include predefined criteria as the basis for assigning a priority to each active transceiver 65. Such predefined criteria may further include a first criterion, a second criterion, and a third criterion. - In one embodiment, the first criterion may be indicative of an overhead associated with a potential communication from/to each transceiver65. For example, if only a short message is desired to be communicated in compliance with the first criterion of the
priority protocol 99, thetransceiver 65A may be selected over thetransceiver 65B that having a relatively higher cost of data communications in accordance with one embodiment. - Likewise, the second criterion may indicate to the
channel lock arbitrator 90 an amount of data needing transfer which is being associated with the potential communication for each transceiver 65. In some embodiments, communicating a particular amount of data may correspond to an available bandwidth for the transceiver 65, as thetransceiver 65A may be relatively slower than thetransceiver 65B. Using thepriority protocol 99, switching between the transceivers 65 (i.e., thetransceivers - Alternatively, a priority may be assigned to each transceiver65 based on the third criterion, indicating a power consumption associated with the potential communication for each transceiver 65. For example, the
wireless communication system 20 may be a battery operated system. Moreover, thetransceiver 65A may be relatively more power hungry than thetransceiver 65B. However, based on an intelligent assessment of the battery's life, thechannel lock arbitrator 90 may prioritize thetransceiver 65A over thetransceiver 65B. Of course, by appropriately employing thepriority protocol 99, a suitable prioritization scheme may be devised to usefully fit a specific scenario in a wireless-enabled platform or any other similar application. - In operation, the type of each of the wireless transceivers65 may be first determined. According to the
priority protocol 99, and the type of each wireless transceiver 65, device characteristics and priority information may then be derived. Subsequently, the device characteristics and priority information may be sent to each wireless transceiver 65. Using the set of sharedregisters 92 and the set of wireless devicespecific registers 94 of thechannel lock arbitrator 90, the control of communication may be arbitrated by the controller/scheduler 50. That is, in one embodiment, a communication session associated with one of the active wireless transceivers 65 may be selectively enabled. By relinquishing the control of the communication when the communication session is finished, and transferring the control to another one of the active wireless transceiver interfaces when the communication channel becomes available for another communication session, arbitration of the control of the communication may be accomplished, for example, by time slicing (e.g., allocating available time slots of the communication channel to Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 transmissions where, for example, the Bluetooth time slots may further be shared among more than one active Bluetooth piconets). As a result, cross-interference between, thetransceiver 65A and thetransceiver 65B may be substantially mitigated. - Although not shown, in accordance with one embodiment, each transceiver65 may further include a physical layer unit (PHYU), such as a modulator/demodulator (MODEM) and a medium access control unit (MACU) compliant with a desired standard (e.g., Bluetooth or IEEE 802.11). The physical layer unit may receive a received signal strength indication (RSSI) signal from the physical layer unit. The RSSI signal is conventionally utilized in association with what is known as a channel access control. The
module 25 uses the raw RSSI data, received from the physical layer unit. Themodule 25 uses the RSSI data to detect transmission of any radio or wireless devices that are not part of the wireless LAN, such as transmission from a Bluetooth piconet. - A hardware-based
wireless communication interface 110 is shown in FIG. 2 that may be employed in thewireless communication system 20 of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this case, acommunication device 115A and acommunication device 115B may interface with aPC chipset 120A through a sharedbus 125. Acontroller 50A coupled to both thecommunication device 115A and thecommunication device 115B may control at least in part any radio communication activity at each communication device. To this end, each communication device may provide a signal to thecontroller 50A indicating local communication activity. - More specifically, the
communication device 115A sends a control signal 135A to thecontroller 50A. Likewise, thecommunication device 115B sends acontrol signal 135B to thecontroller 50A. Both the control signals 135, that is, the control signal 135A and the control signal 135B in the illustrated embodiment may provide to thecontroller 50A an indication of a communication activity that is either pending, anticipated or undergoing. In one case, based on a control message sent by thePC chipset 120A via the sharedbus 125 to thecommunication device 115A and/or thecommunication device 115B, individual radio communication activity may be selectively controlled by thecontroller 50A. - The
communication device 115A, in one embodiment, comprises abaseband interface unit 140A and aradio communication interface 142A. In the same manner, thecommunication device 115B also includes abaseband interface unit 140B and aradio communication interface 142B. - When the
controller 50A detects that both of the communication devices 115, (that is, thecommunication device 115A and thecommunication device 115B in the depicted embodiment) are active and seeking a communication channel, the control of the communication channel may be arbitrated between the two. In one embodiment, thecontroller 50A powers down the non-active communication device 115 that was denied the control of the communication channel. In this way, since only one of the two communication devices 115 may be operational at a particular time, cross-interference between the two communication devices 115 may be substantially mitigated. - A software-based
wireless communication interface 150 shown in FIG. 3 may be employed in thewireless communication system 20 of FIG. 1 in one embodiment consistent with the present invention. The software-basedwireless communication interface 150 may include ascheduler 50B and a sharedmemory 160 according to one embodiment. Using the sharedmemory 160, thescheduler 50B may arbitrate the control of a communication channel between theradio subsystem 162A and theradio subsystem 162B. According to one embodiment, while theradio subsystem 162A may comprise atransceiver 165A, theradio subsystem 162B may include atransceiver 165B to enable bi-directional communications. - When a communication activity occurs in the
transceiver 165A, theradio subsystem 162A may provide agating signal 170A to thescheduler 50B according to one operation of the present invention. Similarly, theradio subsystem 162B may provide agating signal 170B to thescheduler 50B when another communication activity occurs at thetransceiver 165B. In any case, however, both the radio subsystems 162 may employ the sharedmemory 160 to inform each other about the respective communication activities, which may be either pending, anticipated, or undergoing. - In one embodiment, the shared
memory 160 includes a set ofglobal registers 175 and a set ofdedicated registers 177A through 177B for facilitating arbitration of the control of the communication channel between the tworadio subsystems radio subsystems transceiver 165A and/or thetransceiver 165B. - In this manner, a selective communication control may be provided to the
radio subsystem 162A and theradio subsystem 162B by thescheduler 50B. While theradio subsystem 162A is active, theradio subsystem 162B may be powered down in order for theradio subsystem 162A to continue communication, avoiding cross-interference, as an example. - A
PC chipset 120B may also use the sharedmemory 160 to control at least a portion of the communications from theradio subsystem 162A and theradio subsystem 162B. Thescheduler 50B, using the sharedmemory 160, may provide a global lock feature based on the contents of theglobal resistors 175 and theregisters REG 177A throughREG 177B. For example, if both theradio subsystems global registers 175 and a second indication into a local register of theregisters REG 177A throughREG 177B dedicated to that particular radio subsystem. - Specifically, when the
radio subsystem 162A may be given the control of the communication channel a bit may be set inREG 177A. In this way, access to the communication channel may be selectively provided to theradio subsystems scheduler 50B may inform the non-active radio subsystem regarding the activity of the active radio subsystem through the global registers 175. For example, if theradio subsystem 162A is active and theradio subsystem 162B desires the control of the communication channel, thescheduler 50B arbitrates such control of the communication channel by indicating to theradio subsystem 162B about the current ownership of the communication channel by the radio subsystem 162. - All of the
radio subsystems 162A through 162B may remain in a low power state or in a power down mode until given the ownership of the communication channel. When theradio subsystem 162A is finished communicating and using theglobal registers 175, an indication may be provided in the sharedmemory 160 for theradio subsystem 162B to inform that the communication channel is now available. - In one embodiment, one or more access bits may be set in the
global registers 175 andregisters REG 177A throughREG 177B, for the purposes of generating an indication for/by thescheduler 50B as well as theradio subsystem 162A and theradio subsystem 162B. These access bits may inform thescheduler 50B as well as the radio subsystems 162 regarding a non-active state and seeking of the control of the communication channel. - To mitigate cross-interference among radio devices, a controller/
scheduler logic 50C (for example, the controller/scheduler 50 of FIG. 1) and a radiodevice interface logic 55A (for example, theradio device interface 55 of FIG. 1) consistent with one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4. A hypothetical dottedline 210 functionally distinguishes the controller/scheduler logic 50C from the radiodevice interface logic 55A, according to one embodiment. Of course, based on a particular application a desired configuration of the controller/scheduler logic 50C and the radiodevice interface logic 55A may be suitably deployed. - Interaction between the controller/
scheduler logic 50C and the radiodevice interface logic 55A enables arbitration of a communication channel in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Each radio device interface may provide a gating signal to the controller/scheduler logic 50C atblock 210. A gating signal may be detected from the radio device interface associated with an active wireless device at 215. Based on the determination of an acceptable radio device interface type atdiamond 220, the controller/scheduler logic 50C may proceed to further identify a specific type of the radio device interface. - When the radio device interface type is determined to be a type A radio device interface at
diamond 225, the controller/scheduler logic 50C may proceed to the next step. Otherwise, if atdiamond 230, a type B radio device interface is determined, then again, the controller/scheduler logic 50C proceeds to the next step. Likewise, if the radio device interface is determined to be of a type C, the controller/scheduler logic 50C proceeds to the next step as well. - In the event that the radio device interface type is found to be unidentifiable, the controller/
scheduler logic 50C may terminate. After at least two active radio device interface types are recognized, a priority may be assigned to each such active radio device interface type atblock 240. Device characteristics and priority information may then be prepared and subsequently sent to each active radio device interface type atblock 245. By querying the controller/scheduler logic 50C, the radiodevice interface logic 55A may request a channel lock atblock 250 for communicating with an associated active wireless device. - Based on the device characteristics and the priority information, in response to one or more channel lock queries, the controller/
scheduler logic 50C may provide the channel lock to a selected one of the active device interface atblock 255. Thus; the selected active radio device interface type atblock 260 may gain ownership of the channel lock. All the active radio device interface types associated with the active wireless devices except the one provided the channel lock may be de-energized (e.g., powered down) atblock 265. Once the ownership of the channel lock is gained by the radiodevice interface logic 55A, a communication channel may be opened atblock 270. Therefore, the active wireless device corresponding to the selected active radio device interface type may communicate atblock 275. - Once the communication is completed, a determination is made as to whether the selected active wireless device may need to further use the communication channel at
diamond 280. If not, the ownership of the channel lock may be released atblock 285. In the case another transaction, i.e., more communication (e.g., transmission/reception) is desired, the control may again be provided by the controller/scheduler logic 50C. At this time, new device characteristic and new priority information, which may be dynamically generated in real time, sent to each active ratio device interface type. Conversely, if no potential communication is queued, the controller/scheduler logic 50C completes its current iteration. - A personal computer (PC) platform/
system 300 as shown in FIG. 5 includes aPC chipset 120C and a processor 310. With thePC chipset 120C, theprocessor 95A interfaces through a sharedbus 315. The sharedbus 315 may further be coupled to thebridge chip 320. Amemory 325 and a system read only memory (ROM) in conjunction with a basic input output system (BIOS) 330 may further be coupled to thebridge chip 320. Using asecondary bus 335, thebridge chip 320 may interface with a radio devicecross-interference mitigation module 25A. - Generally, this
module 25A may be deployed in the PC platform/system 300 in accordance with any desired wireless communication standard. However, the actual mechanism implemented for cross-interference reduction likely depend on the implementation guidelines (e.g., based on a specific wireless communication standard) for a given communications architecture for a particular PC system. - Several factors may be considered while designing a multi-radio control algorithm for interference mitigation based on a particular embodiment of the present invention. For example, order of priority for transmission/reception for the radio systems available may be pre-programmed. Moreover, criteria on the relative states of the different radio system with respect to each other may be incorporated in advance. Additionally, potential limitations dictated by the platform operating modes (or power management) may also be taken in consideration in some cases.
- Therefore, in a PC system having integrated RF and baseband hardware may anticipate activity on any available radio device and use this information to intelligently control the other radio devices to reduce interference. Advantageously, complex radio filter circuits may be avoided along with sideband signaling circuitry to support the filters/gain control circuits may be rendered unnecessary when cross-interference may be controlled according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- While the present invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate numerous modifications and variations therefrom. It is intended that the appended claims cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of this present invention.
Claims (30)
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