US20030112125A1 - Communication controller for an active transponder - Google Patents
Communication controller for an active transponder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030112125A1 US20030112125A1 US10/169,764 US16976402A US2003112125A1 US 20030112125 A1 US20030112125 A1 US 20030112125A1 US 16976402 A US16976402 A US 16976402A US 2003112125 A1 US2003112125 A1 US 2003112125A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- clock
- transponder
- processing
- clock frequency
- data sequence
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
Definitions
- the invention concerns a method according to the introductory part of claim 1 as well as a communications controller according to the introductory part of claim 6.
- the background of the invention is the wireless payment of charges for the use of roads (road toll) by vehicles.
- Systems provided for this purpose have been delivered by the Q-Free ASA company since many years.
- these systems are used in Norway and are well known under the term “Q-Free-box”.
- the term “box” is related to the module of this system attached to an individual vehicle, that is to say to a so-called transponder.
- This transponder receives data from a main station of the transponder system and as an answer on this transmitts individual data back to the roadside.
- transponders which—contrary to transponders formerly used in this field—are being operated not passive, but active and for the operation of which microwave radiation with frequencies in the range of 5.8 GHz is applied.
- this known transponder system the radiation received by the transponder is amplitude modulated for the transmission of data, while the microwave radiation transmitted by the transponder for the transmission of data is phase modulated.
- the modulated input signal obtained in the transponder by the reception of the microwave radiation initially is demodulated for obtaining a binary input data sequence (of an input data frame). Then this input data sequence is fed to a digital processor (microcontroller) operated by a processing clock of preset clock frequency for decoding and further processing of the received data as well as for generating of a binary output data sequence (output data frame). During a certain duration from the output data sequence as an answer to the input signal an output signal is formed in the transponder, which as modulated microwave radiation of certain frequency is irradiated over the antenna of the microcontroller.
- the invention has the aim on the one hand to considerably reduce the mentioned load of the battery for extending its life time and for improving its operability and on the other hand to enable the transponder to emit an output signal onto the received input signal within a relatively short duration.
- the procedural step according to claim 3 is applied.
- This solution is useful in view of the fact, that the symbol clock is that clock within the transponder system, which has the lowest clock frequency, namely a considerably lower clock frequency compared to the previous system clock.
- the application of a separate oscillator within the transponder for generation of the system clock for the processor can be done without. This also has a positive effect on the load of the battery.
- the symbol clock is that clock with the absolutely lowest clock frequency which can be obtained in the transponder system without introduction of additional buffers or the like.
- a microcontroller solution which is based on a plurality of processor modules, which are being operated with this system clock, enables bit-by-bit occuring decoding of the data reaching the transponder. This forms a contrast to a microcontroller solution, with which at first the data sequence (the data frame) has to be stored and thereafter the processing of the data can be started.
- Claim 4 indicates a preferred solution for forming of a clock frequency derived from the clock frequency of the symbol clock timing generator or corresponding to this clock frequency.
- the claims 6-9 concern a communications controller or useful design of it as it can be applied with advantage in connection with the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows in connection with the invention an essential part of a communications controller of a transponder according to the state-of-the-art and as a block diagram
- FIG. 2 shows essential parts of a communications controller as it is applied in connection with the invention and as a block diagram.
- FIG. 1 shows a communication controller 11 of a transponder not shown in further detail according to the state-of-the-art.
- the system clock for the communications controller 1 is being delivered by an oscillator 12 .
- Over a line 13 incoming input data are being stored in a receiving memory (buffer) 14 .
- the processor core 15 will start the processing of the input data and prepare an answer of the transponder onto the input data. This happens with a system clock with a clock frequency of about 10 MHz or with a still higher clock frequency.
- FIG. 2 shows essential parts of a communications controller 17 according to the invention.
- This communications controller 17 is based on a completely different “architecture” compared to the known communications controller 1 according to FIG. 1.
- the system clock is delivered from a symbol clock retrieving circuit 18 which the system clock achieved in this way delivers to all processor modules 19 - 22 integated for a parallel occuring processing of data.
- the data decoder indicated with numeral 13 delivers decoded data to the processor modules 19 - 22 , which after each reception of data over the line indicated with numeral 24 will decode these data, process them and form answers. Immediate after the last bit of the received data sequence (data frame) has been decoded the transmission of answering data over the line indicated with numeral 25 can be started. In this way not only the duration between the reception of the input signal and the irradiation of the output signal of the transponder is considerably shortened, but—because of the considerably reduced clock frequency of the system clock of the transponder—also the load of the battery of the transponder is reduced in a considerable extent.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
- Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Method and communications controller for processing of encoded information by a battery-powered active transponder. It is particularly provided for the application within a transponder system for the wireless payment of road toll, whereby the transponder over an antenna receives modulated microwave radiation of preset frequency for obtaining an input signal which is demodulated for obtaining a binary input data sequence. This is then fed to a digital processor (microcontroller) operated by a processing clock of preset clock frequency, for decoding and generating of a binary output data sequence, from which within a certain duration as an answer to the received input signal an output signal is formed, which is transmitted over the antenna of the transponder. For reducing the load of the battery of the transponder by the pulse-like occuring current demand of the processor with at the same time a relative short duration between the receiving of the input signal and the irradiating of the output signal, the data of the decoded input data sequence are parallel processed by the processor (17) with a relative low clock frequency. A plurality of processor modules (19-22) of the processor (17) which are integrated to a processing unit realizing the parallel occuring processing of data of the decoded input data sequence and are operated by a timing generator (symbol clock retrieving circuit 18) with a relative low clock frequency of the processing clock rate.
Description
- The invention concerns a method according to the introductory part of claim 1 as well as a communications controller according to the introductory part of claim 6.
- The background of the invention is the wireless payment of charges for the use of roads (road toll) by vehicles. Systems provided for this purpose have been delivered by the Q-Free ASA company since many years. Nowadays these systems are used in Norway and are well known under the term “Q-Free-box”. In this connection the term “box” is related to the module of this system attached to an individual vehicle, that is to say to a so-called transponder. This transponder receives data from a main station of the transponder system and as an answer on this transmitts individual data back to the roadside.
- Meanwhile the technological development in this field has turned to transponders which—contrary to transponders formerly used in this field—are being operated not passive, but active and for the operation of which microwave radiation with frequencies in the range of 5.8 GHz is applied. With this known transponder system the radiation received by the transponder is amplitude modulated for the transmission of data, while the microwave radiation transmitted by the transponder for the transmission of data is phase modulated.
- The modulated input signal obtained in the transponder by the reception of the microwave radiation initially is demodulated for obtaining a binary input data sequence (of an input data frame). Then this input data sequence is fed to a digital processor (microcontroller) operated by a processing clock of preset clock frequency for decoding and further processing of the received data as well as for generating of a binary output data sequence (output data frame). During a certain duration from the output data sequence as an answer to the input signal an output signal is formed in the transponder, which as modulated microwave radiation of certain frequency is irradiated over the antenna of the microcontroller.
- These active transponders are as energy source provided with a battery. In this connection the term “battery” comprises electrical primary cells as well as electrical secondary cells in a single oder in a multiple arrangement.
- With the known transponder systems the succeeding transactions (transaction sequencies) between the main station of the transponder system and the individual transponder are carried out on the basis of an advanced communications protocol (HDLC—High Level Data Link Control) and usually contain the processing of data sequencies and control fields. Furthermore there is a considerable need for the security of the transactions which are to be carried out. To the most common security algorithms belong DES (Data Encrypting Standard System) and Trippel-DES. However the application of these security algorithms usually means that with this the processing of data by the transponder becomes very time consuming.
- To this day the most common solution for a transponder of the transponder system is a solution, with which a serial processor is applied as microcontroller. With this solution there is available flexibility for changes and it is possible to achieve satisfying transaction speed with the use of processors, which operate with a system clock rate with a clock frequency of 10 MHz and higher.
- The greatest problem which consists with microcontrollers applied as communications controllers until now is that there from the relatively high clock frequency of the system clock results a relatively high load for the battery of the transponder, and this in view of the average height and the duration of the current (integral over the current pulses over the time withdrawn with the frequency of the system clock) as well as in view of the fact, that the pulse-like occuring current withdrawal represents an exceptional load for the battery. Even if this current withdrawal does not mean so much for the life time of the components of the transponder, so a current withdrawal of such an extent and in an especially pulse-like occuring way is problematical particularly at relatively low temperatures where the internal resistance of the battery is high.
- Finally the microcontroller applied for the transponder until now is a serially operating processor. This means that such a processor is not ideal in view of the processing of data which can be processed parallel, especially not then when on the one hand processing-wise extensible actions (decoding) are necessary in the processor and on the other hand within a shortest possible duration after receipt of the input signal an output signal shall be emitted from the transponder.
- The invention has the aim on the one hand to considerably reduce the mentioned load of the battery for extending its life time and for improving its operability and on the other hand to enable the transponder to emit an output signal onto the received input signal within a relatively short duration.
- For achieving the aforementioned aim the invention according to the characterizing part of claim 1 and 6 respectively is proposed.
- Further advantageous and suitable procedural steps or measures are indicated in claims 2-5 and 7-9.
- On the basis of the knowledge that with the transponder system in question the structure of the content of the data sequences received and transmitted by the transponder at least at a considerable amount allows a parallel and particularly bit-by-bit occuring processing, the solution for carrying out procedural steps according the invention indicated in claim 1 compared to the nowadays state-of-the-art offers the advantage of a considerable reduced load of the battery of the transponder by pulse-like occuring current withdrawal together with a relatively short duration until irradiation of an answer onto the received input signal.
- An advantageous feature of the invention according claim 1 is indicated in claim 2. With a parallel processing of data of the decoded input data sequence carried out correspondingly it is possible to realize this processing with a system clock rate with only a fraction of the clock frequency usual until now and nevertheless compared to the previous solution to considerable shorten the duration between the receiving of the input signal up till the the forming of the output signal. For that only the extent of the processing of data of the input data sequence now occuring has to exceed the extent of the reduction of the clock frequency in its impact onto the mentioned duration. —For generating of such a—compared to the state-of-the-art “slower”—processing rate a corresponding oscillator can be applied in the transponder.
- Advantageously the procedural step according to claim 3 is applied. This solution is useful in view of the fact, that the symbol clock is that clock within the transponder system, which has the lowest clock frequency, namely a considerably lower clock frequency compared to the previous system clock. The application of a separate oscillator within the transponder for generation of the system clock for the processor can be done without. This also has a positive effect on the load of the battery.
- By retrieving the symbol clock and the following use of it as system clock an ideal solution for the current withdrawal from the battery is obtained. The symbol clock is that clock with the absolutely lowest clock frequency which can be obtained in the transponder system without introduction of additional buffers or the like. —A microcontroller solution, which is based on a plurality of processor modules, which are being operated with this system clock, enables bit-by-bit occuring decoding of the data reaching the transponder. This forms a contrast to a microcontroller solution, with which at first the data sequence (the data frame) has to be stored and thereafter the processing of the data can be started.
- Claim 4 indicates a preferred solution for forming of a clock frequency derived from the clock frequency of the symbol clock timing generator or corresponding to this clock frequency.
- In view of the aforementioned knowledge of a processibility of the mentioned data in a more or less parallel occuring mode claim 5 indicates a particularly useful procedure.
- The claims 6-9 concern a communications controller or useful design of it as it can be applied with advantage in connection with the method according to the invention.
- In the following the invention will be described more detailed with the aid of FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing.
- FIG. 1 shows in connection with the invention an essential part of a communications controller of a transponder according to the state-of-the-art and as a block diagram, and
- FIG. 2 shows essential parts of a communications controller as it is applied in connection with the invention and as a block diagram.
- FIG. 1 shows a
communication controller 11 of a transponder not shown in further detail according to the state-of-the-art. The system clock for the communications controller 1 is being delivered by an oscillator 12. Over aline 13 incoming input data are being stored in a receiving memory (buffer) 14. When the complete data sequence (data frame) is being received and stored, theprocessor core 15 will start the processing of the input data and prepare an answer of the transponder onto the input data. This happens with a system clock with a clock frequency of about 10 MHz or with a still higher clock frequency. —After the answer is completed it will be laid down in atransmission buffer 16, and as soon as thetransmission buffer 16 is filled with data the transmission of data can be started and the answer can be irradiated over the antenna of the transponder in the form of a phase modulated microwave radiation. - FIG. 2 shows essential parts of a
communications controller 17 according to the invention. Thiscommunications controller 17 is based on a completely different “architecture” compared to the known communications controller 1 according to FIG. 1. With thecommunications controller 17 according to FIG. 2 the system clock is delivered from a symbolclock retrieving circuit 18 which the system clock achieved in this way delivers to all processor modules 19-22 integated for a parallel occuring processing of data. - The data decoder indicated with
numeral 13 delivers decoded data to the processor modules 19-22, which after each reception of data over the line indicated with numeral 24 will decode these data, process them and form answers. Immediate after the last bit of the received data sequence (data frame) has been decoded the transmission of answering data over the line indicated with numeral 25 can be started. In this way not only the duration between the reception of the input signal and the irradiation of the output signal of the transponder is considerably shortened, but—because of the considerably reduced clock frequency of the system clock of the transponder—also the load of the battery of the transponder is reduced in a considerable extent.
Claims (9)
1. Method for processing of encoded information by a battery-powered active transponder, which particularly is provided for the application within a transponder system for the wireless payment of road toll, whereby the transponder over an antenna receives modulated microwave radiation of preset frequency for obtaining an input signal which is demodulated for obtaining a binary input data sequence, which then is fed to a digital processor (microcontroller) operated by a processing clock of preset clock frequency for decoding and generating of a binary output data sequence, from which within a certain duration as an answer to the received input signal an output signal is formed, which is transmitted over the antenna of the transponder, characterized in that for reducing the load of the battery of the transponder by the pulse-like occuring current demand of the processor with at the same time a relative short duration between the receiving of the input signal and the irradiating of the output signal data, the decoded input data sequence are processed by the processor parallel and with a relative low clock frequency.
2. Method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the parallel occuring processing of data of the decoded input data sequence is realized with a much lower clock frequency, preferably only a fraction of that clock frequency, compared to a clock frequency of about 10 MHz and higher with a serial occuring processing according to the state-of-the-art.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the parallel occuring processing of data of the decoded input data sequence is realized with a clock frequency which is derived from the clock of the symbol timing generator by retrieving of a plurality of succeeding timing pulses of the symbol clock from the input data sequence and which preferably corresponds to the clock frequency of the symbol clock.
4. Method according to claim 3 , characterized in that for forming of a clock frequency either derived from the clock frequency of the symbol clock or corresponding to this clock frequency an electronic PLL-circuit (phase locked loop) is applied.
5. Method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the parallel occuring processing of data of the decoded input data sequence is realized bit-by-bit.
6. Communications controller (17) for a battery-powered active transponder, which particularly is provided for the application within a transponder system for the wireless payment of road toll, whereby the transponder over an antenna receives modulated microwave radiation of preset frequency for obtaining an input signal which is demodulated for obtaining a binary input data sequence, which then is fed to a digital processor (17) (microcontroller) operated by a processing clock of preset clock frequency for decoding and generating of a binary output data sequence, from which within a certain duration as an answer to the received input signal an output signal is formed, which is transmitted over the antenna of the transponder, characterized by a plurality of processor modules (19-22) of the processor (17) which are integrated to a processing unit realizing the parallel occuring processing of data of the decoded input data sequence and are operated by a timing generator (symbol clock retrieving circuit 18) with a relative low clock frequency of the processing clock rate.
7. Communications controller (17) according to claim 6 , characterized in that as timing generator for generating a processing clock rate for the mentioned processor modules (19-22) an electronic circuit is provided for retrieving the clock frequency of the symbol clock from the input signal.
8. Communications controller (17) according to claim 7 , characterized in that for generating of a processing clock rate for the mentioned processor modules (19-22) with a clock frequency derived from the clock frequency of the symbol clock, preferably corresponding to the symbol clock, a PLL-circuit (phase locked loop) is applied.
9. Communications controller (17) according to claim 6 , characterized in that the processor modules (19-22) are dimensioned for a bit-by-bit processing of data of the decoded input data sequence.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/048,717 US7342482B2 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2005-02-03 | Communication controller for an active transponder |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20000614A NO313359B1 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2000-02-08 | Communication controls for active transponder |
NO20000614 | 2000-02-08 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/048,717 Continuation US7342482B2 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2005-02-03 | Communication controller for an active transponder |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030112125A1 true US20030112125A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
Family
ID=19910701
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/169,764 Abandoned US20030112125A1 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2001-01-15 | Communication controller for an active transponder |
US11/048,717 Expired - Fee Related US7342482B2 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2005-02-03 | Communication controller for an active transponder |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/048,717 Expired - Fee Related US7342482B2 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2005-02-03 | Communication controller for an active transponder |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20030112125A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1254522B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4918206B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1170369C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE419681T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU767699B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0108163A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2398612C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60137196D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1254522T3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO313359B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1254522E (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001059947A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200205547B (en) |
Cited By (11)
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US20050279831A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-12-22 | Robinson Benjamin P | Toll fee system and method |
US20070124197A1 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-05-31 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing |
US20070124198A1 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-05-31 | Robinson Benjamin P | System, method and computer readable medium for billing tolls |
US20070124199A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-05-31 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for toll service activation and billing |
US20070192177A1 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-08-16 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Billing a rented third party transport including an on-board unit |
US20070285279A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-12-13 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Determining a toll amount |
US20070285280A1 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-13 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Providing toll services utilizing a cellular device |
US20080147491A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-19 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Transferring toll data from a third party operated transport to a user account |
US20100111423A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-05-06 | Balachandran Sarath K | Method and system for processing vehicular violations |
CN103018724A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Active transponder for broadband |
US9418487B2 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2016-08-16 | Ats Tolling Llc | Billing a rented third party transport including an on-board unit |
Families Citing this family (4)
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JP5292991B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2013-09-18 | パナソニック株式会社 | Storage and storage system |
NO341037B1 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2017-08-07 | Q Free Asa | Vehicle unit for use in identifying vehicles |
US9287996B2 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2016-03-15 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Communication system, communication device, power supply device, and vehicle |
US11046595B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2021-06-29 | Hydrus Technology Pty. Ltd. | Electrochemical treatment methods |
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JPH08181632A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-07-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Data carrier system and responder and interrogator for same |
US6317721B1 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 2001-11-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Transaction accounting of toll transactions in transponder systems |
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JPH11298367A (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-29 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | Antenna device |
JP3011693B1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2000-02-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Onboard equipment for ETC |
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2000
- 2000-02-08 NO NO20000614A patent/NO313359B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-01-15 CA CA2398612A patent/CA2398612C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-15 AU AU32488/01A patent/AU767699B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-01-15 US US10/169,764 patent/US20030112125A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-15 PT PT01904653T patent/PT1254522E/en unknown
- 2001-01-15 AT AT01904653T patent/ATE419681T1/en active
- 2001-01-15 DE DE60137196T patent/DE60137196D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-15 CN CNB018046010A patent/CN1170369C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-15 JP JP2001559157A patent/JP4918206B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-15 EP EP01904653A patent/EP1254522B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-15 BR BR0108163-2A patent/BR0108163A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-15 DK DK01904653T patent/DK1254522T3/en active
- 2001-01-15 WO PCT/NO2001/000014 patent/WO2001059947A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2002
- 2002-07-11 ZA ZA200205547A patent/ZA200205547B/en unknown
-
2005
- 2005-02-03 US US11/048,717 patent/US7342482B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (29)
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US20090228350A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2009-09-10 | Robinson Benjamin P | Toll fee system and method |
US8473333B2 (en) | 2004-05-10 | 2013-06-25 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | Toll fee system and method |
US8473332B2 (en) | 2004-05-10 | 2013-06-25 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | Toll fee system and method |
US20050279831A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-12-22 | Robinson Benjamin P | Toll fee system and method |
US10685502B2 (en) | 2004-05-10 | 2020-06-16 | Ats Tolling Llc | Toll fee system and method |
US7407097B2 (en) | 2004-05-10 | 2008-08-05 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | Toll fee system and method |
US20070124197A1 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-05-31 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing |
US20070124198A1 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-05-31 | Robinson Benjamin P | System, method and computer readable medium for billing tolls |
US8744905B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2014-06-03 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing tolls |
US8768753B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2014-07-01 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing tolls |
US8195506B2 (en) | 2005-10-13 | 2012-06-05 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of a service period |
US20090222331A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2009-09-03 | Robinson Benjamin P | System, method and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of a service period |
US20090292596A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2009-11-26 | Robinson Benjamin P | System, method and computer readable medium for toll service activation and billing |
US20070299721A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-12-27 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of a service period |
US9715703B2 (en) | 2005-10-13 | 2017-07-25 | Ats Tolling Llc | System, method and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of service period |
US8374909B2 (en) | 2005-10-13 | 2013-02-12 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of a service period |
US20070124199A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-05-31 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | System, method and computer readable medium for toll service activation and billing |
US10176646B2 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2019-01-08 | Ats Tolling Llc | Billing a rented third party transport including an on-board unit |
US9418487B2 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2016-08-16 | Ats Tolling Llc | Billing a rented third party transport including an on-board unit |
US20070192177A1 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-08-16 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Billing a rented third party transport including an on-board unit |
US8768754B2 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2014-07-01 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Billing a rented third party transport including an on-board unit |
US20070285279A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-12-13 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Determining a toll amount |
US20070285280A1 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-13 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Providing toll services utilizing a cellular device |
US7774228B2 (en) | 2006-12-18 | 2010-08-10 | Rent A Toll, Ltd | Transferring toll data from a third party operated transport to a user account |
US20080147491A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-19 | Rent-A-Toll, Ltd. | Transferring toll data from a third party operated transport to a user account |
US8738525B2 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2014-05-27 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | Method and system for processing vehicular violations |
US8363899B2 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2013-01-29 | Rent A Toll, Ltd. | Method and system for processing vehicular violations |
US20100111423A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-05-06 | Balachandran Sarath K | Method and system for processing vehicular violations |
CN103018724A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Active transponder for broadband |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO313359B1 (en) | 2002-09-16 |
US20050179522A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
EP1254522A1 (en) | 2002-11-06 |
AU767699B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 |
WO2001059947A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
JP4918206B2 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
ATE419681T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
CN1170369C (en) | 2004-10-06 |
NO20000614L (en) | 2001-12-05 |
DE60137196D1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
PT1254522E (en) | 2009-04-08 |
BR0108163A (en) | 2003-01-21 |
EP1254522B1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
ZA200205547B (en) | 2003-02-03 |
US7342482B2 (en) | 2008-03-11 |
CA2398612A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
CN1398457A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
CA2398612C (en) | 2014-02-18 |
DK1254522T3 (en) | 2009-04-20 |
JP2003523127A (en) | 2003-07-29 |
NO20000614D0 (en) | 2000-02-08 |
AU3248801A (en) | 2001-08-20 |
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