US20020061438A1 - Cell - Google Patents

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Publication number
US20020061438A1
US20020061438A1 US09/391,364 US39136499A US2002061438A1 US 20020061438 A1 US20020061438 A1 US 20020061438A1 US 39136499 A US39136499 A US 39136499A US 2002061438 A1 US2002061438 A1 US 2002061438A1
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Prior art keywords
portions
collector
metal plate
negative
power generating
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
US09/391,364
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US6440604B1 (en
Inventor
Takefumi Inoue
Hiroaki Yoshida
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GS Yuasa International Ltd
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Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP25339198A external-priority patent/JP4099610B2/en
Priority claimed from JP25339098A external-priority patent/JP4099609B2/en
Priority claimed from JP10350692A external-priority patent/JP2000164195A/en
Application filed by Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd filed Critical Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd
Assigned to JAPAN STORAGE BATTERY CO., LTD. reassignment JAPAN STORAGE BATTERY CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INOUE, TAKEFUMI, YOSHIDA, HIROAKI
Publication of US20020061438A1 publication Critical patent/US20020061438A1/en
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Publication of US6440604B1 publication Critical patent/US6440604B1/en
Assigned to GS YUASA CORPORATION reassignment GS YUASA CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAPAN BATTERY STORAGE CO., LTD.
Assigned to GS YUASA INTERNATIONAL LTD. reassignment GS YUASA INTERNATIONAL LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GS YUASA CORPORATION
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making

Definitions

  • FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell having a wound type power generating element 1 of an elliptic cylindrical shape.
  • the power generating element 1 is configured by winding strip negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b with a strip separator 1 c therebetween into an elliptic cylindrical shape.
  • the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are wound with being slightly shifted in the vertical direction from each other, so that only upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protrude from the upper end of the power generating element 1 and only lower edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protrude from the lower end.
  • the active material is not applied to the upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a , and to the lower edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b , thereby allowing metal foils of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b to be respectively exposed in the upper and lower ends of the power generating element 1 .
  • the wound separator 1 c has a width at which the portion where the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b overlap with each other is surely covered and the upper and lower edge portions are not covered.
  • a negative collector 2 such as shown in FIG. 10 is disposed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 so as to perform current collection on the negative electrode 1 a .
  • the negative collector 2 consists of a copper plate and is configured so that a collector portion 2 a is formed above one side with respect to the center of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • a flat plate-like terminal connector 2 b is drawn out from the collector portion 2 a and placed above one semicircular area of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • the copper plate is repeatedly bent into a bellow-like shape so as to form press holds 2 c which upward protrude, and press insertions 2 e which downward protrude.
  • the copper plate is bent back at the apex so that two vertical copper plate portions are opposed via a small gap therebetween.
  • the copper plate is bent back at the bottom so that the gap between two inclined copper plate portions is gradually increased to form a V-like section shape.
  • a positive collector 3 such as shown in FIG. 12 is disposed on the lower end portion of the power generating element 1 so as to perform current collection on the positive electrode 1 b .
  • the positive collector 3 is structured in the same manner as the negative collector 2 , and has a collector portion 3 a .
  • the positive collector consists of an aluminum plate in place of a copper plate.
  • edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protruding in the lower end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in each of press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • the edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b are distributedly guided by press insertions 3 e into the gaps of the press holds 3 c .
  • a terminal connector 3 b is drawn out above the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • the terminal connector 3 b is disposed below the lower end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • the negative electrode 1 a , the positive electrode 1 b , and the like of the power generating element 1 are shown so as to be wound coarsely or with a reduced number of turns. In an actual case, they are wound very closely or with a large number of turns, so that many edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a and then connected and fixed.
  • the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are disposed not only in one side with respect to the center of the power generating element 1 , but also above and below the both sides with respect to the center, thereby improving the current collecting efficiency.
  • the negative electrode 1 a When the negative electrode 1 a is to be connected and fixed to the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a , for example, the upper end of the positive electrode 1 b which is placed with being downward shifted approaches the tip ends of the press insertions 2 e as shown in FIG. 13. Therefore, there arises a possibility that the upper end makes contact with the tip end so as to cause a short circuit.
  • the amount of shift in each of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b may be increased. However, this causes the area where the active material is not applied, to be widened. Consequently, the application area is reduced by an area corresponding to the widened area, thereby reducing the cell capacity.
  • the problem that the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b cannot be smoothly inserted into the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c may be solved by employing the following configuration.
  • Comb-like jigs which are made of a material of a low coefficient of friction and an excellent sliding property are prepared so as to have elongated V-like teeth in which the tip end is smaller in angle than the press insertions 2 e and 3 e .
  • the jigs are pressed into the upper and lower end portions of the power generating element 1 so that the upper and lower edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are previously distributed to positions respectively corresponding to the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c .
  • the invention has been conducted in view of such circumstances. It is an object of the invention to provide a cell in which a press hold is directly disposed in a flat metal plate, so that a short circuit with an electrode is prevented from occurring and the application area of the active material can be widened.
  • a collector portion of each of collectors comprises: plural press holds in each of which two metal plate portions are projected to be opposed via a gap that opens on a side of a basal portion, by bending back a substantially vertical metal plate at an apex; and flat plate portions which are formed by a flat metal plate portion and through which adjacent ones of the press holds are coupled to each other on the side of the basal portion, the collector portions are respectively placed on ends of a winding axis of a wound type power generating element, with respectively directing the basal portions to the ends, the power generating element being configured by winding strip positive and negative electrodes with a strip separator therebetween with being mutually shifted in the winding axis direction, and edge portions of the positive and negative electrodes which protrude in the ends of the winding axis of the power generating element are pressingly held in nearest press holds of the collector portions to be connected and fixed.
  • the plural press holds which connect and fix the edge portions of the corresponding electrode are coupled to one another through the flat plate portions, and hence the portions are not pushed into the power generating element. Consequently, the electrode which is not connected and fixed by the press holds is prevented from making contact with the collector portion to cause a short circuit. This allows the amount of shift in winding of the positive and negative electrodes, to be reduced. As a result, the area to which the active material is applied can be widened so as to increase the cell capacity.
  • the cell of the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the edge portions of the electrodes are inserted between the two metal plate portions of the corresponding press hold of the collector portions, and then connected and fixed to the two metal plate portions by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • the edge portions of the electrodes can be surely connected and fixed to the press holds of the collector portions by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • the cell of the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the cell of claim 1 , a window is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds of the collector portions of the collectors, the window communicating with the gap between the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion.
  • the window is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each press hold, and hence the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed, by welding which is performed through the window.
  • the edge portions of the electrodes are exposed to one side through the window. Therefore, welding is not restricted to that based on vibration, such as ultrasonic welding, and may be performed by directly applying heat, as in the case of laser welding.
  • the cell of the invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the edge portions of the electrodes of the cell of claim 3 are connected and fixed by inserting the edge portions between the two metal plate portions of the corresponding press hold of the collector portions and then crimping the metal plate portions, and also by ultrasonic welding of the window of the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion, and a part of the one metal plate portion other than the window and the other metal plate portion.
  • the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely held between the part of the one metal plate portion other than the window and the other metal plate portion, by crimping and ultrasonic welding in the same manner as the prior art. Between the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion, the plural electrode edge portions are directly ultrasonic welded, and hence surely welded together to be firmly connected and fixed.
  • the cell of the invention of claim 5 is a cell comprising: a power generating element in which positive and negative electrode plates are wound or laminated with a separator therebetween and an edge portion of one of the electrode plates protrude from an edge portion of another one of the electrode plates; and collectors respectively connected to the edge portions, and characterized in that each of the collectors is formed by bending a metal plate to have plural groove portions which are used for pressingly holding and bonding the edge portion of either of the electrode plates, and a reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of each of the groove portions
  • the reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of each of the metal plates which is used for pressingly holding edge portions of the corresponding electrode plate. Therefore, the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely melted and welded so as to be connected and fixed by welding which is performed through the reduced thickness portion. Both ends of the electrode edge portions are pressingly held by the press holds. Even when a certain external force is applied to the edge portions during ultrasonic welding or after the production of the cell, therefore, the electrode is not broken. As a result, it is possible to attain excellent environmental resistant properties.
  • each of the collectors of the cell of claim 5 is formed by a plate member of a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm and the reduced thickness portion has a thickness which is 10% to 80% of the thickness of the collector.
  • welding is not restricted to that based on vibration, such as ultrasonic welding, and can be performed by applying heat through the reduced thickness portion by means of laser welding or the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the invention and showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the invention and showing the configuration of the negative collector and a positive collector which are to be connected and fixed to the power generating element;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the invention and showing jigs which are used for distributing edge portions of a negative electrode which protrude from the upper end of the power generating element;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view showing the first embodiment of the invention and showing a state where the edge portions of the negative electrode are pressingly held by press holds portions of a collector portion;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the invention and showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element;
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view showing the second embodiment of the invention and enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the invention and showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element;
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view showing the third embodiment of the invention and enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector;
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a power generating element of a usual non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a prior art example and showing the configuration of a negative collector which is to be connected and fixed to a power generating element;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the prior art example and showing the negative collector which is connected and fixed to the power generating element;
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the prior art example and showing the configuration of the negative collector and a positive collector which are to be connected and fixed to the power generating element;
  • FIG. 13 is a partial enlarged view showing the prior art example and showing a state where edge portions of the negative electrode are pressingly held by press holds of a collector portion.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the negative collector and a positive collector which are to be connected and fixed to the power generating element
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing jigs which are used for distributing edge portions of a negative electrode which protrude from the upper end of the power generating element
  • FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view showing a state where the edge portions of the negative electrode are pressingly held by press holds of a collector portion.
  • the components which have the same function as those of the prior art shown in FIGS. 9 to 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the embodiment is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell which is useful in an electric vehicle and the like and which comprises a power generating element 1 that is wound into an elliptic cylindrical shape.
  • the power generating element 1 of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell is configured so that negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are wound with being slightly shifted from each other in the vertical direction (the direction of the winding axis), thereby causing only upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a to protrude from the upper end of the power generating element 1 , and only lower edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b to protrude from the lower end.
  • the negative electrode 1 a is formed by applying a negative active material such as graphite to the surface of a strip copper foil
  • the positive electrode 1 b is formed by applying a positive active material such as a lithium cobalt complex oxide to the surface of a strip aluminum foil.
  • the negative active material is applied only to a portion other than the upper edge portions
  • the positive active material is applied only to a portion other than the lower edge portions. so that the copper foil and the aluminum foil protrude from the upper and lower ends of the power generating element 1 while the foils are exposed therefrom, respectively.
  • a strip microporous plastic film is used as a separator 1 c .
  • the separator is wound so as to have a width at which the portion where the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b overlap with each other is surely covered and the upper and lower edge portions are not covered.
  • Negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 such as shown in FIG. 2 are connected to the power generating element 1 .
  • the negative collector 2 is formed by performing a press working on a copper plate.
  • a collector portion 2 a is placed above one side with respect to the center of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • a press hold 2 c is formed in three positions by bending the copper plate of the negative collector 2
  • a flat plate portion 2 d is disposed between adjacent ones of the press holds 2 c .
  • Each of the press holds 2 c is formed by upward bending the horizontal flat copper plate and then folding back the plate at the apex so that two copper plate portions are projected to be opposed to each other.
  • Each of the flat plate portions 2 d is a horizontal flat plate-like portion through which the lower portions of adjacent ones of the press holds 2 c are coupled to one another, and is disposed in order to form a gap of a substantial degree between the press holds 2 c.
  • One end of the collector portion 2 a of the negative collector 2 is raised to a level which is equal to or higher than the levels of the upper end portions of the press holds 2 c , and then drawn into a space above one semicircular area of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 , to be coupled to a horizontal flat plate-like terminal connector 2 b .
  • a lower end portion of a negative terminal 4 is connected and fixed to the terminal connector 2 b by crimping.
  • the positive collector 3 is formed by performing a press working on an aluminum plate, and configured in a similar manner as the negative collector 2 .
  • a collector portion 3 a is formed so as to be upside down.
  • One end of the collector portion 3 a is drawn out along the side face of the power generating element 1 to a space above the other semicircular area of the upper end portion to be coupled to a horizontal flat plate-like terminal connector 3 b .
  • a lower end portion of a positive terminal 5 is connected and fixed to the terminal connector 3 b by crimping.
  • a comb-like jig 6 in which downward-directed V-like teeth are formed is first inserted into one side of the upper end portion with respect to the center, thereby distributedly collecting edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1 , to three places.
  • the jig 6 is formed by using a material of high hardness such as high density polyethylene, and the angle of the tip end of each tooth is made small so that the V-like shape is elongated. As a result, the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a can be smoothly distributed without wrinkling or breaking the copper foil exposed in the edge portions.
  • the negative collector 2 is placed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 , so that the sets of plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which have been distributed by the jig 6 are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a , respectively.
  • the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are once pressingly held by the press holds 2 c , the jig 6 is detached from the power generating element.
  • each of the press holds 2 c the two copper plate portions are crimped, and ultrasonic welding is performed, whereby, in the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which are pressingly held by the press hold 2 c , the areas from which the copper foil is exposed are connected and fixed to the collector portion 2 a .
  • the crimping work is performed by inserting an attachment of a crimping tool on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c , from the upper side, and then applying a force so as to collapse the two copper plate portions.
  • the ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an attachment of an ultrasonic welder on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c , from the upper side, and then applying ultrasonic vibration to the two copper plate portions.
  • the flat plate portions 2 d are disposed so as to form a gap of a substantial degree between the press holds, as described above.
  • the negative electrode 1 a , the positive electrode 1 b , and the like of the power generating element 1 are shown so as to be wound coarsely or with a reduced number of turns. In an actual case, they are wound very closely or with a large number of turns, so that many edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a and then connected and fixed.
  • the positive collector 3 also, in the same manner as the negative collector 2 , plural edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protruding in the lower end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in bundle, in the area from which the aluminum foil is exposed, in each of press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a , and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • the terminal connector 3 b of the positive collector 3 which is drawn out from the collector portion 3 a to the upper end is overlappingly placed above the collector portion 2 a of the negative collector 2 .
  • An insulation member is inserted between the collector portions so as to prevent a short circuit from occurring.
  • the power generating element 1 in which the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are connected and fixed as described above is housed in a cell case (not shown) of an elliptic cylindrical shape, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution is then poured into the case, and the case is hermetically sealed, thereby producing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell.
  • the negative and positive terminals 4 and 5 are projected from the upper portion of the cell with being insulatingly sealed.
  • the plural press holds 2 c and 3 c which are used for connecting and fixing the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are coupled to one another via the flat plate portions 2 d and 3 d , respectively, and the flat plate portions 2 d and 3 d are not pushed into the power generating element 1 . Therefore, there is no fear of a short circuit, and the cell capacity can be increased.
  • the negative electrode 1 a is connected and fixed to the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a as shown in FIG.
  • the very thin metal foils are exposed in the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b of the power generating element 1 .
  • the metal plates constituting the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a in the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 have a substantially large thickness, in order to allow sufficiently large charging and discharging currents to flow therethrough and hold the power generating element 1 in the cell case.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector.
  • a negative collector 2 such as shown in FIG. 5 is connected to a negative electrode 1 a of the power generating element 1 .
  • the negative collector 2 is formed by a copper plate.
  • a collector portion 2 a is formed above one side with respect to the center of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • a flat plate-like terminal connector 2 b is drawn out from the collector portion 2 a so as to be placed above one semicircular area of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 .
  • a press hold 2 c is formed in three positions by bending the copper plate of the negative collector 2
  • a flat plate portion 2 d is disposed between adjacent ones of the press holds 2 c .
  • Each of the press holds 2 c is formed by upward bending the horizontal flat copper plate and then folding back the plate at the apex so that two copper plate portions are projected to be opposed to each other.
  • a gap that downward opens is formed between the two opposedly protruding copper plate portions.
  • a window 2 f is formed in a part of one of the two copper plate portions. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the window 2 f is formed in two places of the one copper plate portion so as to leave the ends and the center.
  • the number and positions of the windows 2 f may be arbitrarily selected.
  • the windows 2 f are formed so as to occupy 10% to 80% of the total area of the one copper plate portion.
  • the configuration will be described in which the windows 2 f are opened so as to elongate from the one copper plate portion to the whole area of the apex formed by the copper plate portions, in order to facilitate checking of the state of ultrasonic welding that will be described later. It is not necessary to open the apex also.
  • the comb-like jig 6 (see FIG. 3) in which downward-directed V-like teeth are formed is first inserted into one side of the upper end portion with respect to the center, thereby distributedly collecting edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1 , to three places.
  • the negative collector 2 is placed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 , so that the sets of plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which have been distributed by the jig 6 are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a , respectively.
  • each of the press holds 2 c the part of the one copper plate portion other than the windows 2 f and the other copper plate portion are crimped.
  • the crimping work is performed by inserting an attachment of a crimping tool on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c , from the upper side, and then applying a force so as to collapse the two copper plate portions.
  • ultrasonic welding is performed between the part of the one copper plate portion other than the windows 2 f and the other copper plate portion, and, as indicated by the arrow B of FIG. 6, ultrasonic welding is performed also between the windows 2 f of the one copper plate portion and the other copper plate portion.
  • the ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an attachment of an ultrasonic welder on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c , from the upper side, and then applying ultrasonic vibration to the two copper plate portions.
  • the two thick copper plate portions are crimped and the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a between the copper plate portions are welded. Therefore, ultrasonic welding of a high power is performed in the part.
  • the thin copper foils of the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are directly welded, and hence ultrasonic welding of a restricted power is performed.
  • the windows 2 f are formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2 . Therefore, the plural edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b which are pressingly held by the press holds can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by ultrasonic welding which is directly performed through the windows. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell.
  • the part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c other than the windows 2 f can surely hold the plural edge portions of the negative or positive electrode 1 a or 1 b by means of crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • the windows 2 f are formed in a part of one of the two metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a of the negative collector 2 , and the windows communicate with the gap between the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector.
  • a reduced thickness portion 2 g is formed in place of disposing the windows 2 f of the second embodiment, in the following manner.
  • the reduced thickness portion 2 g is formed in a part of one of the two copper plate portions of the negative collector 2 .
  • the reduced thickness portion 2 g is formed in two places of the one copper plate portion so as to leave the ends and the center.
  • the number and positions of the reduced thickness portions 2 g may be arbitrarily selected.
  • the reduced thickness portions 2 g are formed so as to occupy 10% to 80% of the total area of the one copper plate portion.
  • the configuration will be described in which the reduced thickness portions 2 g are formed so as to elongate from the one copper plate portion to the whole area of the apex formed by the copper plate portions, in order to facilitate checking of the state of ultrasonic welding that will be described later. It is not necessary to form the reduced thickness portions also in the apex.
  • the negative collector 2 is formed by a plate member of a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm and the reduced thickness portions 2 g have a thickness which is 10% to 80% of the thickness of the collector.
  • welding is not restricted to that based on vibration, such as ultrasonic welding, and can be performed by applying heat through the reduced thickness portions 2 g by means of laser welding or the like.
  • the comb-like jig 6 (see FIG. 3) in which downward-directed V-like teeth are formed is first inserted into one side of the upper end portion with respect to the center, thereby distributedly collecting edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1 , to three places.
  • the negative collector 2 is placed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 , so that the sets of plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which have been distributed by the jig 6 are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a , respectively.
  • each of the press holds 2 c the part of the one copper plate portion other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g and the other copper plate portion are crimped.
  • the crimping work is performed by inserting an attachment of a crimping tool on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c , from the upper side, and then applying a force so as to collapse the two copper plate portions.
  • ultrasonic welding is performed between the part of the one copper plate portion other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g and the other copper plate portion, and, as indicated by the arrow B of FIG. 8, ultrasonic welding is performed also between the reduced thickness portions 2 g of the one copper plate portion and the other copper plate portion.
  • the ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an attachment of an ultrasonic welder on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c , from the upper side, and then applying ultrasonic vibration to the two copper plate portions.
  • the two thick copper plate portions are crimped and the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a between the copper plate portions are welded. Therefore, ultrasonic welding of a high power is performed in the part.
  • the reduced thickness portions 2 g of the one copper plate portion and indicated by the arrow B the thin copper foils of the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are directly welded, and hence ultrasonic welding of a restricted power is performed.
  • the reduced thickness portions 2 g are formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2 . Therefore, the plural edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b which are pressingly held by the press holds can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by ultrasonic welding which is directly performed through the reduced thickness portions 2 g . Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell.
  • the part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g can surely hold the plural edge portions of the negative or positive electrode 1 a or 1 b by means of crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • the power generating element 1 is wound into an elliptic cylindrical shape.
  • the invention may be similarly applied also on a wound type power generating element of another kind.
  • the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a must be formed so as to be curved along the winding of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b.
  • non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell description has been made on a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell.
  • the invention may be implemented also on a usual cell of another kind.
  • the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are formed by copper and aluminum plates, respectively.
  • a metal plate of another kind may be used.
  • the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are crimped and then ultrasonic welded.
  • the invention is not restricted to this method as far as the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b can be pressingly held so as to be fixed and connected.
  • laser welding or the like may be used.
  • the flat plate portions are formed among the plural press holds of the collector portion of each of the collectors, and hence there is no fear that the portions are pushed into the power generating element and make contact with another electrode to cause a short circuit.
  • This allows the amount of shift in winding of the positive and negative electrodes, to be reduced.
  • the area to which the active material is applied can be widened so as to increase the cell capacity.
  • the window is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each press hold, and hence the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by welding which is performed through the window. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell because of insufficient electrical connection.
  • the reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each press hold, and hence the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by welding which is performed through the reduced thickness portion. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell because of insufficient electrical connection.

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Abstract

A cell is provided in which a flat plate portion of a collector portion is prevented from making contact with a positive or negative electrode in a power generating element to cause a short circuit, the application area of a material can be widened, and edge portions of an electrode plate can be surely connected and fixed to a collector.
In a collector portion of a negative or positive collector, press holds of a gap (groove) which opens on the side of a basal portion are formed by bending back a substantially vertical metal plate at an apex. The portion between adjacent press holds of the collector portion is formed into a flat plate-like shape. A window is formed in each of the press holds, or a reduced thick portion is formed in a part of each of the press holds.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The invention relates to a cell having a wound type power generating element in which strip positive and negative electrodes are wound with a strip separator therebetween. [0001]
  • FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell having a wound type power generating [0002] element 1 of an elliptic cylindrical shape. The power generating element 1 is configured by winding strip negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b with a strip separator 1 c therebetween into an elliptic cylindrical shape. The negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are wound with being slightly shifted in the vertical direction from each other, so that only upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protrude from the upper end of the power generating element 1 and only lower edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protrude from the lower end. In this case, the active material is not applied to the upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a, and to the lower edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b, thereby allowing metal foils of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b to be respectively exposed in the upper and lower ends of the power generating element 1. The wound separator 1 c has a width at which the portion where the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b overlap with each other is surely covered and the upper and lower edge portions are not covered.
  • In such a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell, conventionally, a [0003] negative collector 2 such as shown in FIG. 10 is disposed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1 so as to perform current collection on the negative electrode 1 a. The negative collector 2 consists of a copper plate and is configured so that a collector portion 2 a is formed above one side with respect to the center of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1. A flat plate-like terminal connector 2 b is drawn out from the collector portion 2 a and placed above one semicircular area of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1. In the collector portion 2 a, the copper plate is repeatedly bent into a bellow-like shape so as to form press holds 2 c which upward protrude, and press insertions 2 e which downward protrude. In each of the press holds 2 c, the copper plate is bent back at the apex so that two vertical copper plate portions are opposed via a small gap therebetween. In each of the press insertions 2 e, the copper plate is bent back at the bottom so that the gap between two inclined copper plate portions is gradually increased to form a V-like section shape.
  • In the [0004] negative collector 2, as shown in FIG. 11, plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in bundle in each of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding. In this case, the collector portion 2 a is pressed down from the upper side to the upper end portion of the power generating element 1, thereby pressingly inserting the downward-protruding tip ends of the press insertions 2 e into gaps between the upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a. As a result, the upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are distributed by the inclined faces on the both sides of the V-like section shape, and then guided into the gaps of the press holds 2 c.
  • A [0005] positive collector 3 such as shown in FIG. 12 is disposed on the lower end portion of the power generating element 1 so as to perform current collection on the positive electrode 1 b. The positive collector 3 is structured in the same manner as the negative collector 2, and has a collector portion 3 a. However, the positive collector consists of an aluminum plate in place of a copper plate. In the positive collector 3, edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protruding in the lower end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in each of press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding. In this case, similarly, the edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b are distributedly guided by press insertions 3 e into the gaps of the press holds 3 c. In this example, however, a terminal connector 3 b is drawn out above the upper end portion of the power generating element 1. In the case where the positive terminal 5 is to protrude from a lower portion of the power generating element 1, also the terminal connector 3 b is disposed below the lower end portion of the power generating element 1.
  • For the sake of simplicity, in the figures, the [0006] negative electrode 1 a, the positive electrode 1 b, and the like of the power generating element 1 are shown so as to be wound coarsely or with a reduced number of turns. In an actual case, they are wound very closely or with a large number of turns, so that many edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a and then connected and fixed. In some case, the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are disposed not only in one side with respect to the center of the power generating element 1, but also above and below the both sides with respect to the center, thereby improving the current collecting efficiency.
  • In the negative and [0007] positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b of the power generating element 1, however, very thin metal foils of copper, aluminum, or the like are exposed in the upper and lower edge portions. When the tip ends of the press insertions 2 e and 3 e of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a are actually pressingly inserted between the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b, therefore, the tip ends catch the inclined faces on the both sides of the V-like section shape, thereby producing a problem in that the edge portions cannot be smoothly guided into the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c.
  • Since the [0008] press insertions 2 e and 3 e are disposed in the collector portions 2 a and 3 a, the tip ends of the press insertions 2 e and 3 e are pushed into the power generating element 1. Therefore, there arise further problems in that the tip ends may make contact with the positive or negative electrode 1 b or 1 a which is not subjected to current collection, to cause a short circuit, and that the application area of the active material is narrowed and hence the cell capacity is reduced. When the negative electrode 1 a is to be connected and fixed to the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a, for example, the upper end of the positive electrode 1 b which is placed with being downward shifted approaches the tip ends of the press insertions 2 e as shown in FIG. 13. Therefore, there arises a possibility that the upper end makes contact with the tip end so as to cause a short circuit. In order to prevent such a short circuit from occurring, the amount of shift in each of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b may be increased. However, this causes the area where the active material is not applied, to be widened. Consequently, the application area is reduced by an area corresponding to the widened area, thereby reducing the cell capacity.
  • The problem that the edge portions of the negative and [0009] positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b cannot be smoothly inserted into the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c may be solved by employing the following configuration. Comb-like jigs which are made of a material of a low coefficient of friction and an excellent sliding property are prepared so as to have elongated V-like teeth in which the tip end is smaller in angle than the press insertions 2 e and 3 e. The jigs are pressed into the upper and lower end portions of the power generating element 1 so that the upper and lower edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are previously distributed to positions respectively corresponding to the gaps of the press holds 2 c and 3 c. Thereafter, the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are inserted thereinto. However, this countermeasure also cannot solve the problems that the tip ends of the press insertions 2 e and 3 e may cause a short circuit, and that the application area of the active material is narrowed.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The invention has been conducted in view of such circumstances. It is an object of the invention to provide a cell in which a press hold is directly disposed in a flat metal plate, so that a short circuit with an electrode is prevented from occurring and the application area of the active material can be widened. [0010]
  • The cell of the invention of [0011] claim 1 is characterized in that a collector portion of each of collectors comprises: plural press holds in each of which two metal plate portions are projected to be opposed via a gap that opens on a side of a basal portion, by bending back a substantially vertical metal plate at an apex; and flat plate portions which are formed by a flat metal plate portion and through which adjacent ones of the press holds are coupled to each other on the side of the basal portion, the collector portions are respectively placed on ends of a winding axis of a wound type power generating element, with respectively directing the basal portions to the ends, the power generating element being configured by winding strip positive and negative electrodes with a strip separator therebetween with being mutually shifted in the winding axis direction, and edge portions of the positive and negative electrodes which protrude in the ends of the winding axis of the power generating element are pressingly held in nearest press holds of the collector portions to be connected and fixed.
  • According to the invention of [0012] claim 1, the plural press holds which connect and fix the edge portions of the corresponding electrode are coupled to one another through the flat plate portions, and hence the portions are not pushed into the power generating element. Consequently, the electrode which is not connected and fixed by the press holds is prevented from making contact with the collector portion to cause a short circuit. This allows the amount of shift in winding of the positive and negative electrodes, to be reduced. As a result, the area to which the active material is applied can be widened so as to increase the cell capacity.
  • The cell of the invention of [0013] claim 2 is characterized in that the edge portions of the electrodes are inserted between the two metal plate portions of the corresponding press hold of the collector portions, and then connected and fixed to the two metal plate portions by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • According to the invention of [0014] claim 2, the edge portions of the electrodes can be surely connected and fixed to the press holds of the collector portions by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • The cell of the invention of [0015] claim 3 is characterized in that, in the cell of claim 1, a window is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds of the collector portions of the collectors, the window communicating with the gap between the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion.
  • According to the invention of [0016] claim 3, the window is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each press hold, and hence the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed, by welding which is performed through the window. The edge portions of the electrodes are exposed to one side through the window. Therefore, welding is not restricted to that based on vibration, such as ultrasonic welding, and may be performed by directly applying heat, as in the case of laser welding.
  • The cell of the invention of [0017] claim 4 is characterized in that the edge portions of the electrodes of the cell of claim 3 are connected and fixed by inserting the edge portions between the two metal plate portions of the corresponding press hold of the collector portions and then crimping the metal plate portions, and also by ultrasonic welding of the window of the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion, and a part of the one metal plate portion other than the window and the other metal plate portion.
  • According to the invention of [0018] claim 4, the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely held between the part of the one metal plate portion other than the window and the other metal plate portion, by crimping and ultrasonic welding in the same manner as the prior art. Between the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion, the plural electrode edge portions are directly ultrasonic welded, and hence surely welded together to be firmly connected and fixed.
  • The cell of the invention of [0019] claim 5 is a cell comprising: a power generating element in which positive and negative electrode plates are wound or laminated with a separator therebetween and an edge portion of one of the electrode plates protrude from an edge portion of another one of the electrode plates; and collectors respectively connected to the edge portions, and characterized in that each of the collectors is formed by bending a metal plate to have plural groove portions which are used for pressingly holding and bonding the edge portion of either of the electrode plates, and a reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of each of the groove portions
  • According to the invention of [0020] claim 5, the reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of each of the metal plates which is used for pressingly holding edge portions of the corresponding electrode plate. Therefore, the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely melted and welded so as to be connected and fixed by welding which is performed through the reduced thickness portion. Both ends of the electrode edge portions are pressingly held by the press holds. Even when a certain external force is applied to the edge portions during ultrasonic welding or after the production of the cell, therefore, the electrode is not broken. As a result, it is possible to attain excellent environmental resistant properties.
  • The cell of the invention of [0021] claim 6 is characterized in that each of the collectors of the cell of claim 5 is formed by a plate member of a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm and the reduced thickness portion has a thickness which is 10% to 80% of the thickness of the collector.
  • When the thickness of the reduced thickness portion is adjusted in the range specified in [0022] claim 6, welding is not restricted to that based on vibration, such as ultrasonic welding, and can be performed by applying heat through the reduced thickness portion by means of laser welding or the like.
    •  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the invention and showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element; [0023]
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the invention and showing the configuration of the negative collector and a positive collector which are to be connected and fixed to the power generating element; [0024]
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the invention and showing jigs which are used for distributing edge portions of a negative electrode which protrude from the upper end of the power generating element; [0025]
  • FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view showing the first embodiment of the invention and showing a state where the edge portions of the negative electrode are pressingly held by press holds portions of a collector portion; [0026]
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the invention and showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element; [0027]
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view showing the second embodiment of the invention and enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector; [0028]
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the invention and showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element; [0029]
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view showing the third embodiment of the invention and enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector; [0030]
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a power generating element of a usual non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell; [0031]
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a prior art example and showing the configuration of a negative collector which is to be connected and fixed to a power generating element; [0032]
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the prior art example and showing the negative collector which is connected and fixed to the power generating element; [0033]
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the prior art example and showing the configuration of the negative collector and a positive collector which are to be connected and fixed to the power generating element; and [0034]
  • FIG. 13 is a partial enlarged view showing the prior art example and showing a state where edge portions of the negative electrode are pressingly held by press holds of a collector portion.[0035]
    • PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
  • Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. [0036]
  • FIGS. [0037] 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the negative collector and a positive collector which are to be connected and fixed to the power generating element, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing jigs which are used for distributing edge portions of a negative electrode which protrude from the upper end of the power generating element, and FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view showing a state where the edge portions of the negative electrode are pressingly held by press holds of a collector portion. The components which have the same function as those of the prior art shown in FIGS. 9 to 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • The embodiment is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell which is useful in an electric vehicle and the like and which comprises a [0038] power generating element 1 that is wound into an elliptic cylindrical shape. In the same manner as shown in FIG. 9, the power generating element 1 of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell is configured so that negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are wound with being slightly shifted from each other in the vertical direction (the direction of the winding axis), thereby causing only upper edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a to protrude from the upper end of the power generating element 1, and only lower edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b to protrude from the lower end. The negative electrode 1 a is formed by applying a negative active material such as graphite to the surface of a strip copper foil, and the positive electrode 1 b is formed by applying a positive active material such as a lithium cobalt complex oxide to the surface of a strip aluminum foil. In the negative electrode 1 a, the negative active material is applied only to a portion other than the upper edge portions, and, in the positive electrode 1 b, the positive active material is applied only to a portion other than the lower edge portions. so that the copper foil and the aluminum foil protrude from the upper and lower ends of the power generating element 1 while the foils are exposed therefrom, respectively. A strip microporous plastic film is used as a separator 1 c. The separator is wound so as to have a width at which the portion where the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b overlap with each other is surely covered and the upper and lower edge portions are not covered.
  • Negative and [0039] positive collectors 2 and 3 such as shown in FIG. 2 are connected to the power generating element 1. The negative collector 2 is formed by performing a press working on a copper plate. A collector portion 2 a is placed above one side with respect to the center of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1. In the collector portion 2 a, a press hold 2 c is formed in three positions by bending the copper plate of the negative collector 2, and a flat plate portion 2 d is disposed between adjacent ones of the press holds 2 c. Each of the press holds 2 c is formed by upward bending the horizontal flat copper plate and then folding back the plate at the apex so that two copper plate portions are projected to be opposed to each other. A gap that downward opens is formed between the two opposedly protruding copper plate portions. Each of the flat plate portions 2 d is a horizontal flat plate-like portion through which the lower portions of adjacent ones of the press holds 2 c are coupled to one another, and is disposed in order to form a gap of a substantial degree between the press holds 2 c.
  • One end of the [0040] collector portion 2 a of the negative collector 2 is raised to a level which is equal to or higher than the levels of the upper end portions of the press holds 2 c, and then drawn into a space above one semicircular area of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1, to be coupled to a horizontal flat plate-like terminal connector 2 b. A lower end portion of a negative terminal 4 is connected and fixed to the terminal connector 2 b by crimping. The positive collector 3 is formed by performing a press working on an aluminum plate, and configured in a similar manner as the negative collector 2. A collector portion 3 a is formed so as to be upside down. One end of the collector portion 3 a is drawn out along the side face of the power generating element 1 to a space above the other semicircular area of the upper end portion to be coupled to a horizontal flat plate-like terminal connector 3 b. A lower end portion of a positive terminal 5 is connected and fixed to the terminal connector 3 b by crimping.
  • In the [0041] power generating element 1, as shown in FIG. 3, a comb-like jig 6 in which downward-directed V-like teeth are formed is first inserted into one side of the upper end portion with respect to the center, thereby distributedly collecting edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1, to three places. The jig 6 is formed by using a material of high hardness such as high density polyethylene, and the angle of the tip end of each tooth is made small so that the V-like shape is elongated. As a result, the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a can be smoothly distributed without wrinkling or breaking the copper foil exposed in the edge portions.
  • Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the [0042] negative collector 2 is placed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1, so that the sets of plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which have been distributed by the jig 6 are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a, respectively. When the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are once pressingly held by the press holds 2 c, the jig 6 is detached from the power generating element. In each of the press holds 2 c, the two copper plate portions are crimped, and ultrasonic welding is performed, whereby, in the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which are pressingly held by the press hold 2 c, the areas from which the copper foil is exposed are connected and fixed to the collector portion 2 a. The crimping work is performed by inserting an attachment of a crimping tool on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c, from the upper side, and then applying a force so as to collapse the two copper plate portions. The ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an attachment of an ultrasonic welder on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c, from the upper side, and then applying ultrasonic vibration to the two copper plate portions. In order to form a space into which such an attachment is to be inserted, between adjacent press holds 2 c, the flat plate portions 2 d are disposed so as to form a gap of a substantial degree between the press holds, as described above. For the sake of simplicity, in the figures, the negative electrode 1 a, the positive electrode 1 b, and the like of the power generating element 1 are shown so as to be wound coarsely or with a reduced number of turns. In an actual case, they are wound very closely or with a large number of turns, so that many edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a and then connected and fixed.
  • In the [0043] positive collector 3 also, in the same manner as the negative collector 2, plural edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protruding in the lower end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in bundle, in the area from which the aluminum foil is exposed, in each of press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a, and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding. The terminal connector 3 b of the positive collector 3 which is drawn out from the collector portion 3 a to the upper end is overlappingly placed above the collector portion 2 a of the negative collector 2. An insulation member is inserted between the collector portions so as to prevent a short circuit from occurring.
  • The [0044] power generating element 1 in which the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are connected and fixed as described above is housed in a cell case (not shown) of an elliptic cylindrical shape, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution is then poured into the case, and the case is hermetically sealed, thereby producing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell. The negative and positive terminals 4 and 5 are projected from the upper portion of the cell with being insulatingly sealed.
  • According to this configuration, the plural press holds [0045] 2 c and 3 c which are used for connecting and fixing the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are coupled to one another via the flat plate portions 2 d and 3 d, respectively, and the flat plate portions 2 d and 3 d are not pushed into the power generating element 1. Therefore, there is no fear of a short circuit, and the cell capacity can be increased. When the negative electrode 1 a is connected and fixed to the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a sufficiently large distance is maintained between the upper end of the positive electrode 1 b which is placed with being downward shifted, and the rear faces of the flat plate portions 2 d, and hence there is no possibility that the electrode makes contact with the flat plate portions to cause a short circuit. As far as the upper end of the positive electrode 1 b is sufficiently separated from the rear faces of the flat plate portions 2 d in this way, there arises no fear of a short circuit even when the amount of shift in each of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b is reduced. This enables the area where the active material is not applied, to be narrowed, so that the application area is increased by an area corresponding to the narrowed area, thereby increasing the cell capacity. This is applicable also to the case where the positive electrode 1 b is connected and fixed to the press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a.
  • Next, a second embodiment of the invention will be described. [0046]
  • In the first embodiment, the very thin metal foils are exposed in the edge portions of the negative and [0047] positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b of the power generating element 1. By contrast, the metal plates constituting the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a in the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 have a substantially large thickness, in order to allow sufficiently large charging and discharging currents to flow therethrough and hold the power generating element 1 in the cell case. When ultrasonic welding is performed via the two thick metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c or 3 c, therefore, ultrasonic vibration may not be surely transmitted to the large number of metal foils of the edge portions of the negative or positive electrode 1 a or 1 b which are pressingly held between the metal plate portions, and, particularly, metal foils in the vicinity of the middle of the stack fail to be sufficiently fusion bonded. This produces a problem in that the cell properties may be lowered as the number of the charging and discharging cycles of the cell is increased. When the power of ultrasonic welding is increased so as to solve this problem, there arises a new problem in that the edge portions of the negative or positive electrode 1 a or 1 b which are formed by thin metal foils may be broken by strong ultrasonic vibration. The second embodiment can solve this problem.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the second embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element, and FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector. [0048]
  • A [0049] negative collector 2 such as shown in FIG. 5 is connected to a negative electrode 1 a of the power generating element 1. The negative collector 2 is formed by a copper plate. A collector portion 2 a is formed above one side with respect to the center of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1. A flat plate-like terminal connector 2 b is drawn out from the collector portion 2 a so as to be placed above one semicircular area of the upper end portion of the power generating element 1. In the collector portion 2 a, a press hold 2 c is formed in three positions by bending the copper plate of the negative collector 2, and a flat plate portion 2 d is disposed between adjacent ones of the press holds 2 c. Each of the press holds 2 c is formed by upward bending the horizontal flat copper plate and then folding back the plate at the apex so that two copper plate portions are projected to be opposed to each other. A gap that downward opens is formed between the two opposedly protruding copper plate portions. A window 2 f is formed in a part of one of the two copper plate portions. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the window 2 f is formed in two places of the one copper plate portion so as to leave the ends and the center. The number and positions of the windows 2 f may be arbitrarily selected. Preferably, the windows 2 f are formed so as to occupy 10% to 80% of the total area of the one copper plate portion. The configuration will be described in which the windows 2 f are opened so as to elongate from the one copper plate portion to the whole area of the apex formed by the copper plate portions, in order to facilitate checking of the state of ultrasonic welding that will be described later. It is not necessary to open the apex also.
  • In the [0050] power generating element 1, the comb-like jig 6 (see FIG. 3) in which downward-directed V-like teeth are formed is first inserted into one side of the upper end portion with respect to the center, thereby distributedly collecting edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1, to three places. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the negative collector 2 is placed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1, so that the sets of plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which have been distributed by the jig 6 are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a, respectively. In each of the press holds 2 c, the part of the one copper plate portion other than the windows 2 f and the other copper plate portion are crimped. The crimping work is performed by inserting an attachment of a crimping tool on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c, from the upper side, and then applying a force so as to collapse the two copper plate portions. In each of the press holds 2 c, as indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 6, ultrasonic welding is performed between the part of the one copper plate portion other than the windows 2 f and the other copper plate portion, and, as indicated by the arrow B of FIG. 6, ultrasonic welding is performed also between the windows 2 f of the one copper plate portion and the other copper plate portion. The ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an attachment of an ultrasonic welder on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c, from the upper side, and then applying ultrasonic vibration to the two copper plate portions. In the part of the one copper plate portion other than the windows 2 f and indicated by the arrow A, the two thick copper plate portions are crimped and the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a between the copper plate portions are welded. Therefore, ultrasonic welding of a high power is performed in the part. In the windows 2 f of the one copper plate portion and indicated by the arrow B, the thin copper foils of the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are directly welded, and hence ultrasonic welding of a restricted power is performed.
  • In also the [0051] positive collector 3 which is not shown in FIG. 5, in the same manner as the negative collector 2, plural edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protruding in the lower end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in bundle, in the area from which the aluminum foil is exposed, in each of press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a, and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding the part other than the windows of the one aluminum plate portion, and ultrasonic welding the windows of the one aluminum plate portion.
  • According to this configuration, the [0052] windows 2 f are formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2. Therefore, the plural edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b which are pressingly held by the press holds can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by ultrasonic welding which is directly performed through the windows. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell. Furthermore, also the part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c other than the windows 2 f can surely hold the plural edge portions of the negative or positive electrode 1 a or 1 b by means of crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • Next, a third embodiment of the invention will be described. [0053]
  • In the second embodiment, the [0054] windows 2 f are formed in a part of one of the two metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a of the negative collector 2, and the windows communicate with the gap between the one metal plate portion and the other metal plate portion. When the plural edge portions of the electrode which are pressingly held in the press holds 2 c are connected and fixed by performing welding through the windows 2 f, there arises a disadvantage that the foils which are nearest to the windows are easily broken. The third embodiment can solve this problem.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show the third embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a negative collector which is connected and fixed to a power generating element, and FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view enlargedly showing a collector portion of the negative collector. [0055]
  • In the embodiment, a reduced [0056] thickness portion 2 g is formed in place of disposing the windows 2 f of the second embodiment, in the following manner.
  • The reduced [0057] thickness portion 2 g is formed in a part of one of the two copper plate portions of the negative collector 2. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the reduced thickness portion 2 g is formed in two places of the one copper plate portion so as to leave the ends and the center. The number and positions of the reduced thickness portions 2 g may be arbitrarily selected. Preferably, the reduced thickness portions 2 g are formed so as to occupy 10% to 80% of the total area of the one copper plate portion. The configuration will be described in which the reduced thickness portions 2 g are formed so as to elongate from the one copper plate portion to the whole area of the apex formed by the copper plate portions, in order to facilitate checking of the state of ultrasonic welding that will be described later. It is not necessary to form the reduced thickness portions also in the apex.
  • Preferably, the [0058] negative collector 2 is formed by a plate member of a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm and the reduced thickness portions 2 g have a thickness which is 10% to 80% of the thickness of the collector. When the thickness is adjusted so as to have such a value, welding is not restricted to that based on vibration, such as ultrasonic welding, and can be performed by applying heat through the reduced thickness portions 2 g by means of laser welding or the like.
  • In the [0059] power generating element 1, the comb-like jig 6 (see FIG. 3) in which downward-directed V-like teeth are formed is first inserted into one side of the upper end portion with respect to the center, thereby distributedly collecting edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a protruding in the upper end of the power generating element 1, to three places. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the negative collector 2 is placed on the upper end portion of the power generating element 1, so that the sets of plural edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a which have been distributed by the jig 6 are pressingly held in the gaps of the press holds 2 c of the collector portion 2 a, respectively. In each of the press holds 2 c, the part of the one copper plate portion other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g and the other copper plate portion are crimped. The crimping work is performed by inserting an attachment of a crimping tool on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c, from the upper side, and then applying a force so as to collapse the two copper plate portions. In each of the press holds 2 c, as indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 8, ultrasonic welding is performed between the part of the one copper plate portion other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g and the other copper plate portion, and, as indicated by the arrow B of FIG. 8, ultrasonic welding is performed also between the reduced thickness portions 2 g of the one copper plate portion and the other copper plate portion. The ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an attachment of an ultrasonic welder on the both sides of each of the press holds 2 c, from the upper side, and then applying ultrasonic vibration to the two copper plate portions. In the part of the one copper plate portion other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g and indicated by the arrow A, the two thick copper plate portions are crimped and the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a between the copper plate portions are welded. Therefore, ultrasonic welding of a high power is performed in the part. In the reduced thickness portions 2 g of the one copper plate portion and indicated by the arrow B, the thin copper foils of the edge portions of the negative electrode 1 a are directly welded, and hence ultrasonic welding of a restricted power is performed.
  • In also the [0060] positive collector 3 which is not shown in FIG. 7, in the same manner as the negative collector 2, plural edge portions of the positive electrode 1 b protruding in the lower end of the power generating element 1 are pressingly held in bundle, in the area from which the aluminum foil is exposed, in each of press holds 3 c of the collector portion 3 a, and then connected and fixed by crimping and ultrasonic welding the part other than the reduced thickness portions of the one aluminum plate portion, and ultrasonic welding the reduced thickness portions of the one aluminum plate portion.
  • According to this configuration, the reduced [0061] thickness portions 2 g are formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a of the negative and positive collectors 2. Therefore, the plural edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b which are pressingly held by the press holds can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by ultrasonic welding which is directly performed through the reduced thickness portions 2 g. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell. Furthermore, also the part of one of the metal plate portions of each of the press holds 2 c and 3 c other than the reduced thickness portions 2 g can surely hold the plural edge portions of the negative or positive electrode 1 a or 1 b by means of crimping and ultrasonic welding.
  • In the embodiments described above, the [0062] power generating element 1 is wound into an elliptic cylindrical shape. The invention may be similarly applied also on a wound type power generating element of another kind. In the case of a cylindrical power generating element, for example, the press holds 2 c and 3 c of the collector portions 2 a and 3 a must be formed so as to be curved along the winding of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b.
  • In the embodiments, description has been made on a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell. The invention may be implemented also on a usual cell of another kind. In the embodiments, the negative and [0063] positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b are formed by copper and aluminum plates, respectively. Depending on the kind of the cell, a metal plate of another kind may be used.
  • In the embodiments, the press holds [0064] 2 c and 3 c of the negative and positive collectors 2 and 3 are crimped and then ultrasonic welded. The invention is not restricted to this method as far as the edge portions of the negative and positive electrodes 1 a and 1 b can be pressingly held so as to be fixed and connected. For example, laser welding or the like may be used.
  • As apparent from the above description, according to the cell of the invention, the flat plate portions are formed among the plural press holds of the collector portion of each of the collectors, and hence there is no fear that the portions are pushed into the power generating element and make contact with another electrode to cause a short circuit. This allows the amount of shift in winding of the positive and negative electrodes, to be reduced. As a result, the area to which the active material is applied can be widened so as to increase the cell capacity. [0065]
  • According to the cell of the invention, the window is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each press hold, and hence the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by welding which is performed through the window. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell because of insufficient electrical connection. [0066]
  • According to the cell of the invention, the reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of one of the metal plate portions of each press hold, and hence the plural electrode edge portions which are pressingly held in the press hold can be surely welded together so as to be connected and fixed by welding which is performed through the reduced thickness portion. Therefore, there is no fear that the cell properties are lowered in accordance with the use of the cell because of insufficient electrical connection. [0067]

Claims (6)

What is claimed is:
1. A cell wherein a collector portion of each of collectors comprises: plural press holds in each of which two metal plate portions are projected to be opposed via a gap that opens on a side of a basal portion, by bending back a substantially vertical metal plate at an apex; and flat plate portions which are formed by a flat metal plate portion and through which adjacent ones of aid press holds are coupled to each other on the side of the basal portion,
said collector portions are respectively placed on ends of a winding axis of a wound type power generating element, with respectively directing the basal portions to the ends, said power generating element being configured by winding strip positive and negative electrodes with a strip separator therebetween with being mutually shifted in the winding axis direction, and
edge portions of said positive and negative electrodes which protrude in the ends of the winding axis of said power generating element are pressingly held in nearest press holds of said collector portions to be connected and fixed.
2. A cell according to claim 1, wherein said edge portions of said electrodes are inserted between said two metal plate portions of said corresponding press hold of said collector portions, and then connected and fixed to said two metal plate portions by crimping and ultrasonic welding.
3. A cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a window is formed in a part of one of said metal plate portions of each of said press holds of said collector portions of said collectors, said window communicating with said gap between said one metal plate portion and said other metal plate portion.
4. A cell according to claim 3, wherein said edge portions of said electrodes are connected and fixed by inserting said edge portions between said two metal plate portions of said corresponding press hold of said collector portions and then crimping said metal plate portions, and also by ultrasonic welding of said window of said one metal plate portion and said other metal plate portion, and a part of said one metal plate portion other than said window and said other metal plate portion.
5. A cell comprising: a power generating element in which positive and negative electrode plates are wound or laminated with a separator therebetween and an edge portion of one of said electrode plates protrudes from an edge portion of another one of said electrode plates; and collectors respectively connected to said edge portions, wherein each of said collectors is formed by bending a metal plate to have plural groove portions which are used for pressingly holding and bonding said edge portion of either of said electrode plates, and a reduced thickness portion is formed in a part of each of said groove portions.
6. A cell according to claim 5, wherein each of said collectors is formed by a plate member of a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm and said reduced thickness portion has a thickness which is 10% to 80% of the thickness of said collector.
US09/391,364 1998-09-08 1999-09-08 Cell Expired - Lifetime US6440604B1 (en)

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JP25339198A JP4099610B2 (en) 1998-09-08 1998-09-08 battery
JP10-253391 1998-09-08
JP25339098A JP4099609B2 (en) 1998-09-08 1998-09-08 battery
JP10-253390 1998-09-08
JP10350692A JP2000164195A (en) 1998-11-24 1998-11-24 Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
JP10-350692 1998-11-24

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