US2001463A - Bee feeder - Google Patents

Description

Y 1935- A. c. KEHRLE 2,001,463

BEE FEEDER Filed Oct. 11, 1933 1 lNVE T R.

Patented May 14, 1935 UNITED sTATEs -2,001,463 BEE FEEDER Adam Carl Kehr le, Buckfastleigh, England Application October. 11, 1933, Serial No.v 693,188

In Great Britain Marchzi, 1933 10 Claims.

This invention relates to bee feeders incorporating or intended for use in conjunction with a receptacle (for example a tray) for syrup or other liquid or semi-liquidbee food as distinct from candy and other foods of solid form.

The principal object of the invention is to provide an improved bee feeder of the above general type which will enable the rate of feed to be controlled. In this connection it is a well known fact that bees require more feeding during certain seasons of the year than at other times.

A further object is to provide in a bee feeder of the improved construction referred to a form of food tray which will possess certain advantages hereinafter identified.

-With the first of these objects in view, a bee feeder according to this invention comprises means for varying the effective area of feeding space at the surface of the food from an area permitting a plurality of bees to feed simultaneously vtozan area permitting one bee only to feed at a timer Obviously, the improved feeder may. take any of a variety of forms. According to a preferred form, however, it comprises a block to upstand from the surface of the food and is formed with a passage-way for the bees leading from the interior of the hive to the exterior of the block at the surface of the food, and a cap to fit over the block and occupy thereon a plurality of positions selectively, which cap is adapted, according to its position, differentially to control as above the effective width of the passage-Way at the surface of the food.

Thus, conveniently, the said passage-way may extend at the food end down the side face of the block, the cap dipping into the food at its lower edge so as to seal the passage-way down said side face of the block from the space above the main body of food surrounding the feeder.

In a. simple and preferred form of the invention, the passage-way in the block leads to two separate feeding space zones along the surface of contact of the food with the side face of the block and the cap is arranged to have two positions upon the block in one of which it closes oif the wider of the two feeding space zones from access by the bees in the passageway while I opening the other (single bee) zone thereto and in the other position it opens both feeding'zones.

Alternatively, the cap in the second position may close the zone which was open in, the first position, i. e. the single bee zone while opening the other .zone.. In the slow+feed (single bee) setting of the feeder, only one bee at a'time can gain access to the feeding space andfeed thereat, each (01. 6 -5) bee, having fed, being compelled to leave the feeding space before another bee can'gain access thereto. v

Conveniently, to this end, the passage-way in the upstanding block may be constituted at the food end by a groove extending down the side face of the'blockandfof such uniform cross-sectional area as to permit of the passage of one bee only at a. time along the grooveand the feeding .of one bee only at a time atthe surface of the food at whatever level this may be at the time up the groove. f I

Further, in the preferred formiofthe invention, the passage' way extends vertically through the block from the base end thereof to the top, communicating at an base end with the interior of the hive through an aperture'in the bot- .tom ofvthe food tray and at the top with the feeding space zone or zones.

In this event, the block may either be constructed separately. from .the bottom of the tray orv may be formed integral 'ther'ewith, the tray and block being moulded, for example, from papier mach, synthetic resin or the like. Alternatively, the'block may be fitted over a. tubular member or neck upstanding from the bottom of the tray and integral therewith. By having the block integral with the bottom of the tray or by mountingit upon an upstanding neck integral therewith, the advantage is gained, as will be appreciated that owing to the ab'senceof a joint in the bottomtof the tray therefis avoided the possibility .of. leakage of food from within the food tray to the interior .of the hive beneath.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing,

; which illustrates a preferred embodiment by way of example and in which x Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved bee feeder incorporatedwith a food tray; Figure 2 is a crosstsection-taken-on the-line 2-2 of Figure .1 and drawn to .a larger scale than that figure, showing the parts of the feeder in the positions they occupy in the slow-feed setting; e 1

Figure Bis a similar cross section showing the parts in the rapid-feed setting; I

Figure 4 is ,"a. cross section corresponding to Figure 2 but, taken onflthe section line 33 of Figure lj I a V Figure 5 is a cross section corresponding to Fig- .ure 3, buttaken on the section line 3- 3 of Figure 1, and t m v Figure 6 is a horizontal section through an alternative form of food tray with the upstanding slowrfeed,positionflof the capfllthereforeis the block and cap of the previous figures incorporated.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the several figures.

In the construction illustrated, the improved feeder comprises a block I projecting upwardly from the surface of a food tray 2, the block being formed with a substantially central vertical hole 3disposed above -a hole d'provided in the bottom of the food trays l .1 1

The food tray is arranged to be mounted in position upon the hive proper or brood chamber beneath the usual cover, the bees, in order to ob tain access to the syrup or other food inthe tray, having to make their way upwardly through the holes 4, 3. I l A groove 5 is formed in one of the sidefa' ces of the block I, this groove being disposed substantially vertically and extending from theupper edge of the block to the upper surface of the bottom of the food tray. The block! is also cut away, as at 6, over" substantially half: its upper surface and is provided with a lipor flange I extendingalong two of its: lower e'dges.

A metal cap 8 is adapted to fit-over theblock and to occupy either the position shown in Figures 2 and 4' or that shown in Figures 3 and 5,

the lower edge of the cap, when the latter is in the position shown in Figures 3 and 5, entering a groove 9 provided to receive itin the upper face of the flange'l.

The walls of the groove 5 above the surface of the food at whatever level this may be in the groove, constitutes, a zone of feeding space for :the bees, the said zone being reached by the bees via the cut-away 6 at the top ofthe block.

The side facelof the block adjacent to" the side face in which the groove 5 is formed andalso bounding at its upper edge one side' of the cutaway 6 at the top of the :blockfthatis to' say the side face marked 5d, constitutes at the surface of the food in the tray, with the other side face in which said groove Sis formed, asecond feedspace zone forthe. bees, this zone also'being reached via the cut-awaytbut only when the cap 8 is in the alternative position shown'in Figures3and5.

It will be seen upon reference to Figures 2 to- 5 1 that whilst when the cap is in the position shown in Figures 2 and 4 the firstof the aforesaid feeding space zones only is open for access by the bees via the cut-away B, the other zone being closed off from the cut-away bythe side walls of the cap adjacent said side faces of the block, when the cap is in thealternative positionshown in Figures 3 and 5 both'of the said zones of feedin space are open to the cut-away sothat bees may feed at both zones simultaneously.

It will further be observed that the whole width of the, side face So. of the block and also the whole widthflof the adjacent sidefacej in which the groove 5; is situated, and the groove as well, is

1 available to the bees at the surface of the syrup in the tray so that several bees at a time may feed in this zone, and that in addition the whole width of thegrooved face of the block is also available as a. feeding space, whereas the groove 5' is of such cross-sectional area as to ermit of onl one p y .to upstand from the surface of the foocland bee at a time passing along it from the cut-away 6 and feeding at the surface of the food. The

The block, if constructed separately from the be cast or moulded of some suitable material tray or of the block, although it ispreferable to tion constitutes a preferred arrangement, by reaclaims.

tray, as in Figures 2 to, 5 for instance, may be secured in position upon the bottom of the tray by any convenient attachment, means, for example screws screwing up into the block from the underside of the tray. 5

The tray is formed with an upstanding flange [0 all around the side as shown, upon which flange the cover of the hive is arranged to rest. This flange and the bottom ofgthe tray may either be formed separately and appropriately secured together, for example again by screws passing up into the flange from the underside of the tray bottom, or integrally, in which latter case the flange and the bottom of the tray may such as synthetic resin, papier-mach or the like.

Referring now to Figure 6, the block and cap elements of the feeder are the same as those of the previous figures. The food tray is formed with an upstanding neck I I around the opening 4 in the bottom of the tray, which neck enters the vertical hole 3 in the block. With this construction, as will be appreciated, leakage of syrup from within the tray down into the hive below is prevented. At the same time the necessity for screwing the block in position upon the bottom of the tray is avoided, and the said neck ll serves moreover as a locating element for the block relatively to the hole 4.

In this construction (Figure 6) the whole of the food tray, including the bottom, the side flange and the upstanding neck II, is formed in one integral piece by moulding or pressing.

If desired, also, the block I may in this construction be moulded or pressed integral with the tray or tray bottom.

In any event, whether the block be formed integrally with the tray or separately, it may conveniently. be madeby moulding or pressing, the component material being, for example, papiermach or a moulding powder. or composition, such'as synthetic resin.

Alternatively, wood or even metal may be employed as the component material, either of the use amaterial which, unlike metals in the main, possesses a low coefficient of conduction of heat.

The. block I may if desired, instead of being positioned in the centre of the tray asshown, be situated to one side of the centre to adapt the feeder for use with a hive which is not level.

It will be obvious to those conversant with the art that the invention is capable of considerable variation as regards form of parts and eneral design without departure from the general principleand spirit of the invention, andit is to be understood that although the foregoing specific embodiment and constructional formof the invenson principally of its extreme simplicity and yet 60 proved ,efficiency, the scope of the invention is broad and embracive of all other equivalent embodiments within the limits of the following What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

P 1. In a bee feeder of the kind specified, a block formed with a passageway for the beesleadi'n'g j from the interior of the hiveto the exterior of cording to its position, differentially I to control the effective width of, the passage' way at the surface of the food from a width permitting a plurality of bees to feed at said surface simultaneously to a width permitting one bee only to feed thereat at a time.

2. In a bee feeder of the kind specified, a block to upstand from the surface of the food and formed with a passage-way for the bees leading from the interior of the hive to the exterior of the block at the surface of the food, extending at the food end down the side face of the block, and a cap to fit over the block and occupy thereon a plurality of positions selectively, dipping into the food at its lower edge so as to seal the passage-way down the side face of the block from the space above the main body of food surrounding the feeder block, which cap is adapted, according to its position, differentially to control the effective width of the passage-way at the surface of the food from a width permitting a plurality of bees to feed at said surface simultaneously to a width permitting one bee only to feed thereat at a time.

3. A bee feeder as specified in claim 2, wherein the passage-way in the upstanding block is constituted at the food end by a groove extending down the side face of the block and of such uniform cross-sectional area as to permit of the passing of one bee only at a time along the groove and the feeding of one bee only at a time at the surface of the food in the groove.

4. A bee feeder as specified in claim 2, wherein the passage-way in the block leads to two separate feeding space zones extending along the surface of contact of the food with the side face of the block, one of said zones being of such area as to permit of several bees feeding at a time at this zone and the other zone being of such area as to permit of one bee only feeding at a time at it, the cap being arranged to have two positions upon the block in one of which it closes off the first of the above zones from access by the bees in the passage-way while opening the other zone thereto and in the other position it opens both zones, and that portion of the passage-way which is immediately adjacent said other zone being of such cross sectional area as to permit of the passing of one bee only at a time along it.

5. A bee feeder as specified in claim 1, incorporating a food tray formed integral with the block and having its bottom formed with a neck upstanding therefrom around the edge of a hole in the bottom of the tray which hole constitutes the inlet into the feeder from the hive below the tray, the said neck fitting into a hole provided in the block to receive it and constituting the entrance end of the passage-way for the bees through the block to the feeding space at the surface of the food.

6. A bee feeder as specified in claim 2, wherein the passage-way in the block leads to two separate feeding space zones situated along the surface of contact of the food with the side face of the block and of two different widths respectively, permitting in one zone one bee only to feed at a time and in the other zone a plurality of bees to feed simultaneously, and the cap being arranged to have two positions upon the block, in one of which it closes off the wider zone from the passage-way while opening the other zone thereof and in the other position it opens both zones.

7. A bee feeder as specified in claim 2, wherein of the block and oftwo different widths respectively, permitting in one zone one bee only to feed at a time and in the other zone a plurality of bees to feed simultaneously, andthe cap being arranged to have two positions upon the block, in one of which it closes off the wider zone from the passage-way while opening the other zone thereof and in the other it opens the first mentioned zone and closes the other.

8. A bee feeder as specified in claim 2, wherein the passage-way in the block leads to two separate feeding space zones extending along the surface of contact of the food with the side face of the block, one of said zones being of such area as to permit of several bees feeding at a time at this zone and the other-zone being ofsuch an area as to permit of one bee only feeding at a timeat it, the cap being arranged tohave two positions upon the block, in one of which it closes off the first of the above zones from access by the bees in the passage-way while opening the other zone thereto and in the other position it opens the first of the zones and closes the other, and that portion'of the passage-way which is immediately adjacent said other zone being of such cross-sectional area as to permit of the passing of one bee only at a time along it.

9. A bee feeder as specified in claim 1, incorporating a food tray formed integrally with the block, the latter being formed with a hole extending through it from the underside of the block and constituting the entrance end of the passage-way for the bees to the feeding space zones.

10. A bee feeder as specified in claim 2, wherein the passage-way in the block leads to two separate feeding space zones at the surface of contact of the food with the block, one extending along two adjacent sides of the block and the other being provided by a groove in one of said sides extending downwardly from the top thereof, the first of which zones is of a width along the surface of the food sufiicient to permit a plurality of bees to feed in the zone simultaneously and the second is of a width sufiicient to permit only one bee to feed in the zone at a time, the said passage-way comprising at its entrance end a hole extending up throughthe block and communicating in common with the two feeding space zones by way of a recess cut away in the top of the block and leading from the outlet of the hole therein to the upper edges of the said sides of the block and to the top of the said groove, and the cap being arranged in one position upon the block to close off from the said recess the wider feeding space zone which extends along two adjacent sides of the block while opening the other zone thereto, by abutting said sides of the block along which the first zone. ex-

tends and in another position to open both zones to the recess by being spaced from the said sides of the block. v

ADAM CARL KEHRLE.

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