US20010039608A1 - Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board - Google Patents
Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board Download PDFInfo
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- US20010039608A1 US20010039608A1 US09/777,264 US77726401A US2001039608A1 US 20010039608 A1 US20010039608 A1 US 20010039608A1 US 77726401 A US77726401 A US 77726401A US 2001039608 A1 US2001039608 A1 US 2001039608A1
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- memory
- board
- bus
- circuit board
- data bits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
- G06F9/4411—Configuring for operating with peripheral devices; Loading of device drivers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an architecture for computer expansion boards. More particularly, it relates to an architecture which reduces the number of pins required to transfer configuration bits within such board.
- PC personal computer
- Increased functionality and/or storage capacity may be obtained through upgrading a basic unit by connecting add-on boards to “expansion slots” provided on the PC.
- a typical expansion board is available to increase the memory capacity of the PC.
- Other expansion boards provide additional or supplemental processing power and/or provide interface capabilities for a variety of input/output (I/O) functions.
- I/O input/output
- Many such expansion boards include a microprocessor or controller to perform a designated function.
- an expansion board When an expansion board is added to a PC, the board may need to be provided with certain information that defines its relationship to the host or to other parts of the system. For example, a memory board that is to be addressable by the host must be provided with its starting and ending address so that it can function appropriately with respect to the other memory in the system. Other expansion boards may also have addressable memory space which requires a starting and ending address. In addition, there may be other information required by such other boards. For example, an expansion board for connecting the host to a local area network (LAN) may need information specifying its network node number, defining its interrupt level, etc.
- LAN local area network
- the bits of data which define the information provided to the board are referred to as configuration bits and the act of providing the data bits to the board is referred to as configuring the board.
- Some boards are configured by manually operated switches which are connected to the board. These switches can be set prior to attaching the board to the host computer. When the board is powered up, the switches are read by the on board microprocessor or controller and the configuration information stored in the appropriate register for use as needed.
- the on board microprocessor or controller received the configuration bits on dedicated lines. Since the microprocessor or controller is typically implemented as an integrated circuit chip, each line requires an additional pin. The number of pins used solely for configuration bits will vary but in some LAN cards is thirty-two. Together with the various control, data and address lines, the total number of pins can exceed one hundred. In general, the cost of a chip increases with an increase in the number of pins. In addition, the cost of the board to which the chip is attached is also more expensive in order to accommodate the extra pins.
- One form of the present invention is a circuit board for connecting to a host computer.
- the board comprises a controller chip, a parallel bus, a memory for storing a plurality of configuration data bits, and a control line.
- the controller chip controls the operation of the board and has an internal register for storing a plurality of data bits.
- the parallel bus transfers data bits between the controller chip and other components on the board and is connected to the memory.
- the control line is connected between the controller and the memory for enabling the output of the memory to transfer the configuration bits to the internal register over the bus.
- Another form of the present invention is a method for configuring a circuit board connectable to a host computer.
- the circuit board has a controller chip, an internal parallel data bus connected to the chip, and a memory connected to the bus.
- the method comprises programming the configuration data bits into the memory, providing a control signal to the memory, and transferring the configuration data bits to the controller over the bus.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B show a block diagram of an expansion circuit board which embodies the present invention.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show an expansion or circuit board 10 for connecting to a host computer 12 by means of a connector 14 .
- circuit board 10 is a LAN board, and, more particularly, is a board for interfacing a PC to an ARCNET network.
- ARCNET is a type of LAN which employs a token passing system and in which all nodes hear all messages but only respond to those messages addressed to them.
- Circuit board 10 includes a controller 16 .
- controller 16 is a 90C198 ARCNET Controller chip available from NCR Microelectronics Products, 2001 Danfield Court, Fort Collins, Colo. 80525.
- Controller chip 16 controls the operation of board 10 .
- Chip 16 has internal registers 18 a and 18 b , each capable of storing a plurality of data bits.
- Other components of board 10 include ROMs 20 , transceivers 22 , latches 24 , RAMs 26 , and a transceiver hyprid 28 , connected as shown.
- Circuit board 10 also includes an internal parallel bus 30 multiplexed for transferring both address and data bits between controller 16 and other components on board 10 .
- each RAM 26 has an address port A 0 -A 12 connected to bus 30 through latches 24 , and a data port D 0 -D 7 connected to bus 30 .
- Circuit board 10 also includes a memory 32 for storing a plurality of configuration control bits as will be explained.
- Memory 32 is connected to bus 30 and includes memory banks 34 a and 34 b .
- Each memory bank 34 a and 34 b has a plurality of manual switches 36 a and 36 b , respectively, for programming configuration data into memory 32 .
- Each memory bank 34 a and 34 b also has a plurality of tri-state buffers 38 a and 38 b , respectively. Buffers 38 a and 38 b are connected between switches 36 a and 36 b , respectively, and bus 30 .
- Other means for programming configuration data bits into memory 32 other than manual switches 36 a and 36 b are within the scope of the present invention.
- memory banks 34 a and 34 b could consist of a programmable array logic (PAL).
- PAL will provide a single fixed configuration. This means that the PAL would need to be replaced in order to change the address space.
- Control lines 40 a and 40 b are connected between controller 16 and tri-state buffers 38 a and 38 b , respectively.
- configuration data bits are programmed into memory banks 34 a and 34 b by setting the manual switches 36 a and 36 b , respectively.
- some of the configuration data bits define the address space occupied by board 10 with respect to host computer 12 .
- the information defining the address space of the memory within board 10 is provided to board 10 by setting a plurality of the switches 36 a and/or 36 b .
- switches 36 a and 36 b are set prior to board 10 being connected to host computer 12 . However, it may be possible to first connect board 10 to host computer 12 .
- controller 16 executes a series of microinstructions. These instructions include the serial generation of control signals to memory banks 34 a and 34 b over control lines 40 a and 40 b , respectively.
- first control signal over control line 40 a is received by tri-state buffer 38 a , its output is enabled and the configuration data bits in buffer 38 a are transferred in parallel over bus 30 to register 18 a within controller 16 .
- second control signal over control line 40 b is received by tri-state buffer 38 b , its output is enabled and the configuration data bits in buffer 38 b are transferred in parallel over bus 30 to register 18 b within controller 16 . In this manner, all of the configuration data bits are transferred into controller chip 16 over bus 30 .
- controller 16 will continue its power up routine utilizing the configuration data bits to configure board 10 .
- controller is intended to include any microprocessor.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multi Processors (AREA)
- Bus Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an architecture for computer expansion boards. More particularly, it relates to an architecture which reduces the number of pins required to transfer configuration bits within such board.
- Many computer systems, such as the personal computer (PC) may be purchased with differing levels of functionality and/or storage capacity. Increased functionality and/or storage capacity may be obtained through upgrading a basic unit by connecting add-on boards to “expansion slots” provided on the PC. A typical expansion board is available to increase the memory capacity of the PC. Other expansion boards provide additional or supplemental processing power and/or provide interface capabilities for a variety of input/output (I/O) functions. Many such expansion boards include a microprocessor or controller to perform a designated function.
- When an expansion board is added to a PC, the board may need to be provided with certain information that defines its relationship to the host or to other parts of the system. For example, a memory board that is to be addressable by the host must be provided with its starting and ending address so that it can function appropriately with respect to the other memory in the system. Other expansion boards may also have addressable memory space which requires a starting and ending address. In addition, there may be other information required by such other boards. For example, an expansion board for connecting the host to a local area network (LAN) may need information specifying its network node number, defining its interrupt level, etc.
- The bits of data which define the information provided to the board are referred to as configuration bits and the act of providing the data bits to the board is referred to as configuring the board. Some boards are configured by manually operated switches which are connected to the board. These switches can be set prior to attaching the board to the host computer. When the board is powered up, the switches are read by the on board microprocessor or controller and the configuration information stored in the appropriate register for use as needed.
- In the past, the on board microprocessor or controller received the configuration bits on dedicated lines. Since the microprocessor or controller is typically implemented as an integrated circuit chip, each line requires an additional pin. The number of pins used solely for configuration bits will vary but in some LAN cards is thirty-two. Together with the various control, data and address lines, the total number of pins can exceed one hundred. In general, the cost of a chip increases with an increase in the number of pins. In addition, the cost of the board to which the chip is attached is also more expensive in order to accommodate the extra pins.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved circuit board for connecting to a host computer.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide an enhancement board having a controller chip with a reduced number of pins.
- It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new and improved method for configuring a circuit board connectable to a host computer.
- It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an improved architecture for configuring an enhancement board.
- One form of the present invention is a circuit board for connecting to a host computer. The board comprises a controller chip, a parallel bus, a memory for storing a plurality of configuration data bits, and a control line. The controller chip controls the operation of the board and has an internal register for storing a plurality of data bits. The parallel bus transfers data bits between the controller chip and other components on the board and is connected to the memory. The control line is connected between the controller and the memory for enabling the output of the memory to transfer the configuration bits to the internal register over the bus.
- Another form of the present invention is a method for configuring a circuit board connectable to a host computer. The circuit board has a controller chip, an internal parallel data bus connected to the chip, and a memory connected to the bus. The method comprises programming the configuration data bits into the memory, providing a control signal to the memory, and transferring the configuration data bits to the controller over the bus.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B show a block diagram of an expansion circuit board which embodies the present invention.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show an expansion or
circuit board 10 for connecting to ahost computer 12 by means of aconnector 14. It will be clear from the following discussion that the architecture and method of the present invention has applicability to a variety of expansion boards. In the embodiment described herein,circuit board 10 is a LAN board, and, more particularly, is a board for interfacing a PC to an ARCNET network. (ARCNET is a type of LAN which employs a token passing system and in which all nodes hear all messages but only respond to those messages addressed to them.) -
Circuit board 10 includes acontroller 16. In the described embodiment,controller 16 is a 90C198 ARCNET Controller chip available from NCR Microelectronics Products, 2001 Danfield Court, Fort Collins, Colo. 80525.Controller chip 16 controls the operation ofboard 10.Chip 16 hasinternal registers board 10 includeROMs 20,transceivers 22,latches 24,RAMs 26, and atransceiver hyprid 28, connected as shown.Circuit board 10 also includes an internalparallel bus 30 multiplexed for transferring both address and data bits betweencontroller 16 and other components onboard 10. For example, eachRAM 26 has an address port A0-A12 connected tobus 30 throughlatches 24, and a data port D0-D7 connected tobus 30. -
Circuit board 10 also includes amemory 32 for storing a plurality of configuration control bits as will be explained.Memory 32 is connected tobus 30 and includesmemory banks memory bank manual switches memory 32. Eachmemory bank buffers Buffers switches bus 30. Other means for programming configuration data bits intomemory 32 other thanmanual switches memory banks -
Control lines controller 16 and tri-statebuffers - In operation, configuration data bits are programmed into
memory banks manual switches board 10 with respect tohost computer 12. The information defining the address space of the memory withinboard 10 is provided to board 10 by setting a plurality of theswitches 36 a and/or 36 b. Typically, switches 36 a and 36 b are set prior toboard 10 being connected tohost computer 12. However, it may be possible tofirst connect board 10 tohost computer 12. - When power is provided to board10,
controller 16 executes a series of microinstructions. These instructions include the serial generation of control signals tomemory banks control lines control line 40 a is received bytri-state buffer 38 a, its output is enabled and the configuration data bits inbuffer 38 a are transferred in parallel overbus 30 to register 18 a withincontroller 16. Similarly, when the second control signal overcontrol line 40 b is received bytri-state buffer 38 b, its output is enabled and the configuration data bits inbuffer 38 b are transferred in parallel overbus 30 to register 18 b withincontroller 16. In this manner, all of the configuration data bits are transferred intocontroller chip 16 overbus 30. The only pins over and above those required for the normal operation ofcontroller chip 16 are those associated withcontrol lines registers controller 16 will continue its power up routine utilizing the configuration data bits to configureboard 10. - It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment disclosed and illustrated herein. For example, subject to the width of
bus 30 and the number of configuration data bits required byboard 10, any number of memory banks 34 and corresponding control lines 40 may be employed. In addition, the term “controller”, as used herein, is intended to include any microprocessor. - Numerous modifications, variations, and full and partial equivalents can be undertaken without departing from the invention as limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
- What is desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows.
Claims (21)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/777,264 US6711658B2 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 2001-02-05 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US44082689A | 1989-11-24 | 1989-11-24 | |
US15226493A | 1993-11-12 | 1993-11-12 | |
US08/570,256 US6240496B1 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 1995-12-11 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
US09/777,264 US6711658B2 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 2001-02-05 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/570,256 Continuation US6240496B1 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 1995-12-11 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20010039608A1 true US20010039608A1 (en) | 2001-11-08 |
US6711658B2 US6711658B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US08/570,256 Expired - Lifetime US6240496B1 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 1995-12-11 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
US09/777,264 Expired - Lifetime US6711658B2 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 2001-02-05 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US08/570,256 Expired - Lifetime US6240496B1 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 1995-12-11 | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
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Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6240496B1 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 2001-05-29 | Hyundai Electronics America | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
EP1576468A3 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2005-09-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Encapsulated hardware configuration/control |
CN100405341C (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2008-07-23 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Bus circuit device and system |
US7596651B2 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2009-09-29 | International Business Machines Corporation | Multi-character adapter card |
US10877693B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-12-29 | Intel Corporation | Architecture for dynamic transformation of memory configuration |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4439827A (en) | 1981-12-28 | 1984-03-27 | Raytheon Company | Dual fetch microsequencer |
US4571671A (en) | 1983-05-13 | 1986-02-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Data processor having multiple-buffer adapter between a system channel and an input/output bus |
US4720784A (en) | 1983-10-18 | 1988-01-19 | Thiruvengadam Radhakrishnan | Multicomputer network |
US4727475A (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1988-02-23 | Frederick Kiremidjian | Self-configuring modular computer system with automatic address initialization |
US4712176A (en) | 1985-02-11 | 1987-12-08 | International Business Machines Corp. | Serial channel interface with method and apparatus for handling data streaming and data interlocked modes of data transfer |
US4882702A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1989-11-21 | Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. | Programmable controller with I/O expansion module located in one of I/O module positions for communication with outside I/O modules |
US4703198A (en) | 1986-07-07 | 1987-10-27 | Ford Motor Company | Bi-directional data transfer circuit that is directionally responsive to the impedance condition of an associated input/output port of a microcomputer |
US5038320A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1991-08-06 | International Business Machines Corp. | Computer system with automatic initialization of pluggable option cards |
US4908789A (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1990-03-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for automatically assigning memory modules of different predetermined capacities to contiguous segments of a linear address range |
US4761647A (en) | 1987-04-06 | 1988-08-02 | Intel Corporation | Eprom controlled tri-port transceiver |
US4774422A (en) | 1987-05-01 | 1988-09-27 | Digital Equipment Corporation | High speed low pin count bus interface |
US4980850A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1990-12-25 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Automatic sizing memory system with multiplexed configuration signals at memory modules |
US4964038A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-10-16 | International Business Machines Corp. | Data processing system having automatic address allocation arrangements for addressing interface cards |
US5311451A (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1994-05-10 | M. T. Mcbrian Company, Inc. | Reconfigurable controller for monitoring and controlling environmental conditions |
JPH023841A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Ic memory card |
US5111423A (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1992-05-05 | Altera Corporation | Programmable interface for computer system peripheral circuit card |
US5027313A (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1991-06-25 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Apparatus for determining maximum usable memory size |
US6240496B1 (en) | 1989-11-24 | 2001-05-29 | Hyundai Electronics America | Architecture and configuring method for a computer expansion board |
-
1995
- 1995-12-11 US US08/570,256 patent/US6240496B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-05 US US09/777,264 patent/US6711658B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US6711658B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 |
US6240496B1 (en) | 2001-05-29 |
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