US20010024747A1 - Fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010024747A1 US20010024747A1 US09/761,660 US76166001A US2001024747A1 US 20010024747 A1 US20010024747 A1 US 20010024747A1 US 76166001 A US76166001 A US 76166001A US 2001024747 A1 US2001024747 A1 US 2001024747A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- gas
- cathode
- flow amplifier
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system having one or more fuel cell units inserted into a fuel cell box. Allocated to the fuel cell units are one or more of are a cathode gas delivery line, a cold-start gas delivery line, a cathode off-gas return line and an anode off-gas return line. Fuel cell systems of this type are used, for example, as an energy supply for electric vehicles.
- Coanda flow amplifiers By supplying a driving flow medium at relatively high pressure and in a relatively small amount, such flow amplifiers can drive a flow of a second flow medium at relatively low pressure but high volume flow rate by exploiting the Coanda effect.
- the Coanda flow amplifier designed in the form of a nozzle gap has a suitable internal or alternatively external flow wall surface for a wall-hugging flow of the drive medium supplied at elevated pressure.
- Coanda flow amplifiers of this type are commercially available, for example, from EXAIR Corp. as air flow amplifiers and also from other suppliers under the description of “air amplifiers”. Their delivered air flow can be used for cooling, drying, cleaning or ventilation, or their aspirated air flow can be used for the extraction of off-gases, vapors, smoke and dusts.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system of the type first mentioned above, which operates with relatively few components requiring electrical actuation.
- a Coanda flow amplifier is provided in a purge gas line via which purge air can be introduced into a fuel cell box and discharged therefrom in order to ventilate said box.
- a Coanda flow amplifier is disposed in a delivery line to supply a cathode-side gas stream to the fuel cell and/or in a delivery line via which a cold-start gas is supplied to the at least one fuel cell unit.
- the cold-start gas feeds a cold-start component which brings the system to operating temperature as rapidly as possible in the event of a cold start.
- a Coanda flow amplifier is provided in a cathode off-gas return line which recirculates at least part of the cathode off-gas to the cathode inlet side, thereby improving the water balance of the system.
- a Coanda flow amplifier is disposed in an anode off-gas return line and is connected, via a compressed-gas inlet, to a gas reservoir in which fuel (e.g., hydrogen) is stored under pressure.
- fuel e.g., hydrogen
- the Coanda gas amplifier disposed in the cathode gas delivery line and/or cold-start gas delivery line has a high-pressure compressor connected to it on its upstream side.
- the compressor pressurizes the drive gas, which is used for gas amplification in the Coanda flow amplifier, to an adequate pressure.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system comprising a ventilatable fuel cell box, and a Coanda flow amplifier in the associated purge air line;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of the use of a Coanda flow amplifier for a cold-start component of a fuel cell system
- FIG. 3 is a schematic depiction of a fuel cell with partial cathode off-gas recirculation driven by a Coanda flow amplifier
- FIG. 4 is a schematic depiction of a fuel cell with anode gas circulation driven by a Coanda flow amplifier.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a fuel cell system comprising one or more fuel cell units or modules (not shown separately) arranged in a surrounding, virtually completely closed fuel cell enclosure 1 .
- ventilation means by which it can be ventilated with purge air, particularly to avoid accumulation of any hydrogen within the enclosure volume, which might escape from a fuel cell module as a result of a leak.
- the enclosure ventilating means comprise a purge gas delivery line 2 which is connected to the enclosure 1 , and a purge gas outlet line 3 which issues from the enclosure 1 at the opposite side or at a suitable location.
- a Coanda flow amplifier 4 Disposed in the purge gas delivery line 2 is a Coanda flow amplifier 4 which, on its high pressure side, is connected to a compressed-air line 5 via which purge air can be supplied e.g. in the form of leakage air of the system or transfer air of a high-pressure compressor of the system or from some other compressed-air source of the system.
- the Coanda flow amplifier 4 on its suction side 4 a aspirates purge air from the environment at a high volume flow rate.
- a further enclosure 6 provided in the purge gas delivery line 2 upstream of the Coanda flow amplifier 4 accommodates peripheral components of the fuel cell system, and is similarly ventilated by the gas flow.
- the arrangement of the enclosures 1 and 6 can also be transposed.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the use of a Coanda flow amplifier 7 for the purpose of amplifying a cold-start gas stream 8 which is supplied to a cold-start component 9 of a fuel cell system to bring the system to operating temperature as rapidly as possible in the event of a cold start, as will be familiar per se to those skilled in the art. This may involve e.g. an increased cathode air supply and/or the delivery of a gas mixture to be used specifically during the cold-start phase.
- amplification of the cold-start gas stream 8 by the Coanda flow amplifier 7 is effected by supplying the high-pressure side of the flow amplifier with ambient air compressed to a sufficiently high pressure by a high-pressure compressor 10 .
- cathode air delivery even in the warmed-up system state can be effected, if required, solely by means of the arrangement of FIG. 2, the Coanda flow amplifier 7 then assuming the function of a conventional cathode inlet air compressor.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a fuel cell 11 having a cathode side 12 , an anode side 13 and an intermediate membrane 14 .
- the anode side is supplied, via a fuel gas delivery line 15 , with a fuel gas, e.g. hydrogen.
- a fuel gas e.g. hydrogen.
- the anode off-gas discharged via an outlet line 16 can, if required, be recirculated at least in part to the anode inlet side, as indicated by an anode off-gas return line 17 shown by a dashed line.
- the cathode side 12 is supplied, under pressure, with ambient fresh air via a delivery line 18 and a compressor 19 .
- part of the cathode off-gas exiting via a cathode off-gas line 20 is recirculated to the cathode inlet side.
- a corresponding cathode off-gas return line 21 branches off from the cathode off-gas line 20 via a switchable valve 22 .
- Disposed in the cathode off-gas return line 21 is a Coanda flow amplifier 23 which, on its high-pressure side, is connected to a compressed-air line 24 of a compressed-air source (not shown in any detail) of the system.
- the Coanda flow amplifier 23 effects gas flow propulsion, by metering in compressed air, for the cathode off-gas to be recirculated.
- this function of the fuel cell system likewise does not absolutely depend on electrically fed flow propulsion components.
- Such partial cathode offgas recirculation improves the water balance of the system on the cathode side.
- FIG. 4 again schematically shows a fuel cell 25 having a cathode side 26 , an anode side 27 and intermediate membrane 28 .
- the cathode side 26 is again fed with ambient air at high pressure via a compressor 29 .
- the anode off-gas exiting on the anode gas outlet side 27 a is recirculated via an anode gas return line 30 to the anode inlet side 27 b.
- Disposed in the anode gas return line 30 is a Coanda flow amplifier 31 .
- the latter is connected, on its high-pressure side, via a fuel gas delivery line 32 , to a fuel gas pressure vessel 33 in which the fuel gas used, e.g. hydrogen, is stored under pressure.
- the hydrogen can be gaseous or liquid.
- the fuel gas passes, under sufficient pressure, from the pressure vessel 33 to the Coanda flow amplifier 31 , where it propels the recirculated anode gas stream and is metered into the circulating anode-side gas stream of the fuel cell 25 .
- the Coanda flow amplifier 31 in this case eliminates the need for electric fuel gas metering-in components.
- Coanda flow amplifiers The failure risk of Coanda flow amplifiers is extremely low, as they do not include any moving parts. As a further advantage, contaminants of the medium such as e.g. water droplets, do not have any significant effect on the mode of operation of a Coanda flow amplifier.
- the Coanda flow amplifier usually permits the propelled gas mass stream to be amplified by a factor of from 10 to 30. It is apparent that, depending on application, the fuel cell system can be equipped with a plurality of Coanda flow amplifiers at the positions illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 .
- the fuel cell system can be provided not only with the fuel cell enclosure, but also other housings or enclosures in which components of the fuel cell system are accommodated jointly.
- ventilation means can be provided which advantageously include a Coanda flow amplifier in order to purge locations or enclosures subject to explosion hazards.
- the Coanda flow amplifier can also be employed in the field of peripheral units of the fuel cell and/or in the field of off-gas cleaning of the fuel cell system outside the fuel cell enclosure.
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the priority of German patent document 100 01 717.7, filed Jan. 18, 2000, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
- The present invention relates to a fuel cell system having one or more fuel cell units inserted into a fuel cell box. Allocated to the fuel cell units are one or more of are a cathode gas delivery line, a cold-start gas delivery line, a cathode off-gas return line and an anode off-gas return line. Fuel cell systems of this type are used, for example, as an energy supply for electric vehicles.
- Delivery or discharge of gas streams by a gas stream propelling means are provided in conventional fuel cell systems; usually by fans, blowers, ventilators and compressors. In other fields, however, it is known to use Coanda flow amplifiers. By supplying a driving flow medium at relatively high pressure and in a relatively small amount, such flow amplifiers can drive a flow of a second flow medium at relatively low pressure but high volume flow rate by exploiting the Coanda effect. To this end the Coanda flow amplifier designed in the form of a nozzle gap has a suitable internal or alternatively external flow wall surface for a wall-hugging flow of the drive medium supplied at elevated pressure.
- Coanda flow amplifiers of this type are commercially available, for example, from EXAIR Corp. as air flow amplifiers and also from other suppliers under the description of “air amplifiers”. Their delivered air flow can be used for cooling, drying, cleaning or ventilation, or their aspirated air flow can be used for the extraction of off-gases, vapors, smoke and dusts.
- International patent document WO 98/32964 discloses an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation, in which the exhaust gas return line has a Coanda flow amplifier connected, via its high-pressure connection, to the compressed-air source of a compressed-air braking system of a motor vehicle. A special design of a Coanda flow amplifier to generate a helical fluid flow is disclosed in European patent document EP 0 456 931 B1.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system of the type first mentioned above, which operates with relatively few components requiring electrical actuation.
- These and other objects and advantages are achieved by the fuel cell system according to the invention, which is equipped with one or more Coanda flow amplifiers.
- In one embodiment of the invention, a Coanda flow amplifier is provided in a purge gas line via which purge air can be introduced into a fuel cell box and discharged therefrom in order to ventilate said box.
- In another embodiment of the invention, a Coanda flow amplifier is disposed in a delivery line to supply a cathode-side gas stream to the fuel cell and/or in a delivery line via which a cold-start gas is supplied to the at least one fuel cell unit. The cold-start gas feeds a cold-start component which brings the system to operating temperature as rapidly as possible in the event of a cold start.
- In still another embodiment, a Coanda flow amplifier is provided in a cathode off-gas return line which recirculates at least part of the cathode off-gas to the cathode inlet side, thereby improving the water balance of the system.
- In yet another embodiment, a Coanda flow amplifier is disposed in an anode off-gas return line and is connected, via a compressed-gas inlet, to a gas reservoir in which fuel (e.g., hydrogen) is stored under pressure.
- In a refinement of the invention, the Coanda gas amplifier disposed in the cathode gas delivery line and/or cold-start gas delivery line has a high-pressure compressor connected to it on its upstream side. The compressor pressurizes the drive gas, which is used for gas amplification in the Coanda flow amplifier, to an adequate pressure.
- Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system comprising a ventilatable fuel cell box, and a Coanda flow amplifier in the associated purge air line;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of the use of a Coanda flow amplifier for a cold-start component of a fuel cell system;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic depiction of a fuel cell with partial cathode off-gas recirculation driven by a Coanda flow amplifier; and
- FIG. 4 is a schematic depiction of a fuel cell with anode gas circulation driven by a Coanda flow amplifier.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a fuel cell system comprising one or more fuel cell units or modules (not shown separately) arranged in a surrounding, virtually completely closed
fuel cell enclosure 1. Associated with thisenclosure 1 are ventilation means by which it can be ventilated with purge air, particularly to avoid accumulation of any hydrogen within the enclosure volume, which might escape from a fuel cell module as a result of a leak. - To this end, the enclosure ventilating means comprise a purge
gas delivery line 2 which is connected to theenclosure 1, and a purge gas outlet line 3 which issues from theenclosure 1 at the opposite side or at a suitable location. Disposed in the purgegas delivery line 2 is a Coandaflow amplifier 4 which, on its high pressure side, is connected to a compressed-air line 5 via which purge air can be supplied e.g. in the form of leakage air of the system or transfer air of a high-pressure compressor of the system or from some other compressed-air source of the system. As a result of the Coanda effect of the compressed air fed in, theCoanda flow amplifier 4 on its suction side 4 a aspirates purge air from the environment at a high volume flow rate. In the example shown, afurther enclosure 6 provided in the purgegas delivery line 2 upstream of theCoanda flow amplifier 4 accommodates peripheral components of the fuel cell system, and is similarly ventilated by the gas flow. - As an alternative to the arrangement of the
Coanda flow amplifier 4 between the twoenclosures Coanda flow amplifier 4′ in the section of the purgegas delivery line 2 upstream of theperipheral enclosure 6, or for aCoanda flow amplifier 4″ to be provided in the purge gas outlet line 3 of thefuel cell enclosure 1, as shown by dashed lines in FIG. 1 in each instance. In any case, accumulation of leaked hydrogen in thefuel cell enclosure 1 and consequently in the fuel cell modules arranged therein can be effectively prevented by purging with air. Such purging can be driven solely by the Coandaflow amplifier - The arrangement of the
enclosures - FIG. 2 illustrates the use of a
Coanda flow amplifier 7 for the purpose of amplifying a cold-start gas stream 8 which is supplied to a cold-start component 9 of a fuel cell system to bring the system to operating temperature as rapidly as possible in the event of a cold start, as will be familiar per se to those skilled in the art. This may involve e.g. an increased cathode air supply and/or the delivery of a gas mixture to be used specifically during the cold-start phase. In the example shown, amplification of the cold-start gas stream 8 by the Coandaflow amplifier 7 is effected by supplying the high-pressure side of the flow amplifier with ambient air compressed to a sufficiently high pressure by a high-pressure compressor 10. Particularly for relatively small fuel cell systems, cathode air delivery even in the warmed-up system state can be effected, if required, solely by means of the arrangement of FIG. 2, theCoanda flow amplifier 7 then assuming the function of a conventional cathode inlet air compressor. - FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a
fuel cell 11 having acathode side 12, ananode side 13 and anintermediate membrane 14. The anode side is supplied, via a fuel gas delivery line 15, with a fuel gas, e.g. hydrogen. The anode off-gas discharged via anoutlet line 16 can, if required, be recirculated at least in part to the anode inlet side, as indicated by an anode off-gas return line 17 shown by a dashed line. - The
cathode side 12 is supplied, under pressure, with ambient fresh air via adelivery line 18 and acompressor 19. In addition, part of the cathode off-gas exiting via a cathode off-gas line 20 is recirculated to the cathode inlet side. For this purpose, a corresponding cathode off-gas return line 21 branches off from the cathode off-gas line 20 via aswitchable valve 22. Disposed in the cathode off-gas return line 21 is aCoanda flow amplifier 23 which, on its high-pressure side, is connected to a compressed-air line 24 of a compressed-air source (not shown in any detail) of the system. - In this implementation of the system, the Coanda flow amplifier23 effects gas flow propulsion, by metering in compressed air, for the cathode off-gas to be recirculated. Thus, this function of the fuel cell system likewise does not absolutely depend on electrically fed flow propulsion components. Such partial cathode offgas recirculation improves the water balance of the system on the cathode side.
- FIG. 4 again schematically shows a fuel cell25 having a
cathode side 26, ananode side 27 andintermediate membrane 28. Thecathode side 26 is again fed with ambient air at high pressure via acompressor 29. On the anode side, in this example, the anode off-gas exiting on the anode gas outlet side 27 a is recirculated via an anodegas return line 30 to the anode inlet side 27 b. Disposed in the anodegas return line 30 is aCoanda flow amplifier 31. The latter is connected, on its high-pressure side, via a fuelgas delivery line 32, to a fuelgas pressure vessel 33 in which the fuel gas used, e.g. hydrogen, is stored under pressure. The hydrogen can be gaseous or liquid. - During operation, the fuel gas passes, under sufficient pressure, from the
pressure vessel 33 to theCoanda flow amplifier 31, where it propels the recirculated anode gas stream and is metered into the circulating anode-side gas stream of the fuel cell 25. The Coandaflow amplifier 31 in this case eliminates the need for electric fuel gas metering-in components. - Initial trials of Coanda flow amplifiers at the inventive locations of a fuel cell system such as illustrated in the above-described specific embodiments, show surprisingly good efficacy, which generally allows electric flow propulsion components such as fans, blowers and ventilators to be dispensed with at that particular location. When used in potentially explosive atmospheres, this has the additional beneficial effect that no elaborate safety measures are required. Moreover, cabling and control arrangements normally required for electric flow propulsion components can also be dispensed with.
- The failure risk of Coanda flow amplifiers is extremely low, as they do not include any moving parts. As a further advantage, contaminants of the medium such as e.g. water droplets, do not have any significant effect on the mode of operation of a Coanda flow amplifier. The Coanda flow amplifier usually permits the propelled gas mass stream to be amplified by a factor of from 10 to 30. It is apparent that, depending on application, the fuel cell system can be equipped with a plurality of Coanda flow amplifiers at the positions illustrated in FIGS.1 to 4.
- Moreover it is possible for the fuel cell system to be provided not only with the fuel cell enclosure, but also other housings or enclosures in which components of the fuel cell system are accommodated jointly. There too ventilation means can be provided which advantageously include a Coanda flow amplifier in order to purge locations or enclosures subject to explosion hazards. For example, the Coanda flow amplifier can also be employed in the field of peripheral units of the fuel cell and/or in the field of off-gas cleaning of the fuel cell system outside the fuel cell enclosure.
- The foregoing disclosure has been set forth merely to illustrate the invention and is not intended to be limiting. Since modifications of the disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the invention may occur to persons skilled in the art, the invention should be construed to include everything within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10001717.7 | 2000-01-18 | ||
DE10001717 | 2000-01-18 | ||
DE10001717A DE10001717C1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2000-01-18 | Fuel cell system with Coanda flow amplifier used for increasing ventilation flow for fuel cell box, cathode gas or cold-starting gas flow or cathode or anode exhaust feedback flow |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010024747A1 true US20010024747A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
US6444345B2 US6444345B2 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
Family
ID=7627762
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/761,660 Expired - Lifetime US6444345B2 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Fuel cell system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6444345B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1119065A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10001717C1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050058861A1 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-03-17 | Pettit William H. | Method and apparatus for hydrogen detection and dilution |
US20050104555A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-19 | Phillip Simmonds-Short | Secure recharge station |
US20060008689A1 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
US6989209B2 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2006-01-24 | General Electric Company | Power generation method |
WO2005081348A3 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2006-06-08 | Nucellsys Gmbh | Fuel cell system with variable coanda amplifiers for gas recirculation and system pressure regulation |
US20110027678A1 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2011-02-03 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system |
US20170077532A1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-16 | Hyundai Motor Company | Hydrogen feed and recirculation device for fuel cell system |
GB2545246A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-14 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell ventilation system |
CN113506893A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-15 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell system and low-temperature starting method thereof |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6800390B2 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2004-10-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell power plant |
DE10126664B4 (en) | 2001-06-01 | 2008-08-07 | Nucellsys Gmbh | The fuel cell system |
DE10150385B4 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2005-12-08 | Ballard Power Systems Ag | The fuel cell system |
JP3588776B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2004-11-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel circulation type fuel cell system |
WO2005099012A1 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-10-20 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Fuel-cell system |
US7111617B2 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-09-26 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Diverter for exhaust gas recirculation cooler |
US7654085B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-02-02 | Elijah Dumas | System of an induced flow machine |
US8171732B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2012-05-08 | General Electric Company | Turbocharger for a vehicle with a coanda device |
US7576660B2 (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2009-08-18 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Fuel retention monitoring system for a pressurized hydrogen storage tank on a vehicle and method of use |
US8029244B2 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2011-10-04 | Elijah Dumas | Fluid flow amplifier |
DE102019211171A1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-01-28 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Method, device and rail vehicle |
DE102019217856A1 (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel cell system |
DE102019220097A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Housing for receiving at least one fuel cell stack |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2052869A (en) * | 1934-10-08 | 1936-09-01 | Coanda Henri | Device for deflecting a stream of elastic fluid projected into an elastic fluid |
JPS62136775A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-06-19 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Block rejector for fuel cell |
JP2517779B2 (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1996-07-24 | 清之 堀井 | Coanda spiral flow unit |
WO1994003937A1 (en) * | 1992-08-10 | 1994-02-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel cell and electrolyte moistening process |
US5611203A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-03-18 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Ejector pump enhanced high pressure EGR system |
US5919582A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1999-07-06 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Diffusion controlled air vent and recirculation air manager for a metal-air battery |
IT1284870B1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-05-22 | Ist Farmacoterapico It Spa | PEPTIDES OF THE TLP COMPLEXES FROM CARCINOMIS OF THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM AND ANTIBODIES DIRECT AGAINST THEM |
US5974802A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1999-11-02 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Exhaust gas recirculation system employing a fluidic pump |
DE19743075A1 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1998-12-24 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Fuel cell arrangement |
DE19859485A1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-06-24 | Equos Research Kk | Fuel cell system |
DE19807876C2 (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 2002-10-24 | Xcellsis Gmbh | The fuel cell system |
-
2000
- 2000-01-18 DE DE10001717A patent/DE10001717C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-28 EP EP00125948A patent/EP1119065A3/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-01-18 US US09/761,660 patent/US6444345B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6989209B2 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2006-01-24 | General Electric Company | Power generation method |
US7368192B2 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2008-05-06 | General Motors Corporation | Method and apparatus for hydrogen detection and dilution |
US20050058861A1 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-03-17 | Pettit William H. | Method and apparatus for hydrogen detection and dilution |
US20050104555A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-19 | Phillip Simmonds-Short | Secure recharge station |
JP4637862B2 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2011-02-23 | ニューセルシス ゲーエムベーハー | Fuel cell system with variable Coanda amplifier for gas recirculation and system pressure regulation |
US9028991B2 (en) | 2004-02-13 | 2015-05-12 | Nucellsys Gmbh | Fuel cell system with variable Coanda amplifiers for gas recirculation and system pressure regulation |
WO2005081348A3 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2006-06-08 | Nucellsys Gmbh | Fuel cell system with variable coanda amplifiers for gas recirculation and system pressure regulation |
JP2007522386A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2007-08-09 | ニューセルシス ゲーエムベーハー | Fuel cell system with variable Coanda amplifier for gas recirculation and system pressure regulation |
US20070259226A1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2007-11-08 | Nucellsys Gmbh | Fuel Cell System with Variable Coanda Amplifiers for Gas Recirculation and System Pressure Regulation |
US7585578B2 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2009-09-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
US20060008689A1 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
US20110027678A1 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2011-02-03 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system |
US20170077532A1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-16 | Hyundai Motor Company | Hydrogen feed and recirculation device for fuel cell system |
US9859577B2 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-01-02 | Hyundai Motor Company | Hydrogen feed and recirculation device for fuel cell system |
GB2545246A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-14 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell ventilation system |
CN113506893A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-15 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell system and low-temperature starting method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10001717C1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
US6444345B2 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
EP1119065A2 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
EP1119065A3 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6444345B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
US9156331B2 (en) | Air-cooled fuel cell vehicle | |
US8865369B2 (en) | Apparatus for recirculation of anode exhaust gases of a fuel cell | |
US9947945B2 (en) | Ventilation system for an automotive fuel cell stack enclosure | |
US8017278B2 (en) | Moving object with fuel cell system | |
US8765319B2 (en) | Method and device for operating a fuel cell system having a recirculation blower disposed in a fuel circuit of the fuel cell system | |
US20110027678A1 (en) | Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system | |
JP2011517020A (en) | FUEL CELL DEVICE AND METHOD OF OPERATING FUEL CELL DEVICE | |
US7371477B2 (en) | Exhaust gas processing device for fuel cell | |
CN110462904B (en) | Fuel supply device for fuel cell system and fuel cell system | |
US9252438B2 (en) | Fuel cell system comprising a water separator | |
US20090233133A1 (en) | Hydrogen discharge system for fuel cell system | |
JP2007242280A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
KR20230013048A (en) | fuel cell system | |
US8920988B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
KR20230122644A (en) | Fuel cell assembly with two parallel fuel cell systems | |
US20060134482A1 (en) | Air humidification for fuel cell applications | |
JP5112757B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
US20100136454A1 (en) | Fuel circuit of a fuel cell system | |
US20100035100A1 (en) | Method and Apparatus for Supplying Input Gases to a Fuel Cell Stack | |
US10236524B2 (en) | Method for purging a fuel cell and device for carrying out said method | |
US20220102741A1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
US20230178764A1 (en) | Air supply apparatus for fuel cell systems, and fuel cell system | |
JP2004158221A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP7474353B2 (en) | Fuel Cell Systems |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: XCELLSIS GMBH, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SANG, JOCHEN;REEL/FRAME:011766/0747 Effective date: 20010125 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS AG, GERMANY Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:XCELLSIS GMBH;REEL/FRAME:013193/0248 Effective date: 20020226 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC., BRITISH COLUMBIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS AG;REEL/FRAME:017897/0739 Effective date: 20050831 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BDF IP HOLDINGS LTD., BRITISH COLUMBIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.;REEL/FRAME:021029/0001 Effective date: 20080320 Owner name: BDF IP HOLDINGS LTD.,BRITISH COLUMBIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.;REEL/FRAME:021029/0001 Effective date: 20080320 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
SULP | Surcharge for late payment |
Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DAIMLER AG,GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BDF IP HOLDINGS LTD.;REEL/FRAME:024627/0855 Effective date: 20091125 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 12 |