US1999402A - Machine for slushing sheets of pulp - Google Patents

Description

*W 1935 W. T. DOYLE El AL MACHINE FOR SLUSHING SHEETS OF PULP Filed June 26, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet l Aprfl 3Q, 1935. w. T. DOYLE El AL MACHINE FOR SLUSHING SHEETS OF PULP 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 26, 1954 LQQQAUZ April w, H9353.

W. T. DOYLE ET AL MACHINE FOR SLUSHING SHEETS OF PULP Filed June 26, 1934' 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 A lrfifl 3U, fj-is w. T. DOYLE ET AL MACHINE FOR SLUSHING S HEETS OF PULP 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 26, 1934 AWITH W35. w. T. DOYLE EI'AL 1,999,402

MACHINE FOR SLUSHING SHEETS OF PULP Filed June 26, 1934 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 W 3(1), W. T. DOYLE ET AL 1,999,402

MACHINE FOR SLUSHING SHEETS OF PULP Filed June 26, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Apr. 30, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application June 26, 1934,. Serial No. 732,454

11 Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for slushing sheets'of pulp inwater to produce an aqueous pulp suspensionintendedfor such purposes-as papermak-ing. It dealsmore particularly with an improved machine of the type disclosed in Doyle Patent No. 1,910,382, dated May 23,l933 ,'wherein the improvements generally include accurate guiding and.morepositivefeeding of a succession of sheets in the form of bales to a rotary -hammer mill wherein they are reduced in the presence of water to form the aqueous pulp-suspensiorninore positive intake of the successive sheets one by one into the mill, adjustability', or" parts for sheets of different-sizes, bet'teraccessibility to andeasier replaceability of internal parts ofthe mill,and.readycontrollability of the volume'of water supplied to the sheets so as to permit of the'production of an aqueous pulp suspension of the desired stock density or consistency.

With the foregoing .and. other improvements and objects in view, the present invention will nowhe described in greaterxdetail with reference to. the accompanying drawings, wherein:- .qFigure 1 represents a side-elevation of. the ma chineas. a whole.

Figure 2 represents-a rear endelevation of-the machine.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an enlarged transverse section throughtherotary hammer mill and parts adjacent thereto.

Figure 5 is, an enlarged plan section on the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 isan enlarged fragmentary section through a sectionof the mill casingon the line 6-6 of, Figure 4-,:the lining of the ;casing being removed for the sake of clarity.

Figure '7 represents an enlargedside elevation of a guide. partition for the bales of sheetswas they'are. being fed to-the hammer mill.

Figure 8 is a section on theline 3-8 of Figure F1.

Figure 9 represents an-enlarged side elevation of that part of theharnmer mill hcusingat which the water-control means is located.

Figure '10 is a section on the .line-iil i of Figure 9. v

Figure '11 is a section on the line -H--H of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a plan view of thewhammeranill rotor, some of; the hammers beingomitted for the sakezof clarity.

Figure l3 depicts a development of apreferred hammer anill rotor; so as to .show the relative po sitions of the various hammer elements onthe rotor.

vReferring now to Figure 1 of the drawings, 10 represents an endless conveyor arransed-to-move at a slight incline .to the horizontal and onto whichthe bales. of pulp sheets may be deposited with the sheets inupstanding relationship. .-As shown,, awhole bale I i. may be transferred to the conveyor by suitabletongs -l2-forming part of hoisting mechanism (not shown) The conveyor it comprises a plurality of chains passing over end sprockets l 3, the lower sprocket of .which may be driven as will presently be described. The conveyor it may comprise two spaced chains, eachchain of which passes overthe sprocketsJB and between the links of which mayextendtransversely-a plurality of slats. (not shown)- presenting flat upper faces on whichthe bales I l rest. Immediately below the upper stretch of the G011.- veyor i6 is, asbestshown in Figure .3, preferablyhprovided a supporting table !4 which serves .toprevent sagging of the conveyor'under load. .Adjacentto the side edges of the conveyor-l0 are also preferably provided guide rails l5 which define a runway of progressively diminishing Width toward the lower. end of the conveyor, wherefore; no particular attention need .be given to the placement of thetbalespn the conveyor, since the bales are properly guidedby the rails to the lower or discharge end of the conveyor.

The conveyor 55, which is the primary one, delivers the bales onto a secondary conveyor; 15 which serves to carry the bales into. the intake of the hammer mill. Thesecondary conveyor 16 also moves-at a slightangleto the horizontal but the upper, end of its upper stretch is slightly below the lower'endot the upper stretch of: the primary conveyor 1 9 so that the :bales will drop sligh ly as they are discharged from the primary conveyor .ontothe secondary-one; In ordersthat the bales may be positively-and v uniformlyied into the intakeof the hammer mill, the links of the chains comprising the secondary conveyor are preferably .providedwith teeth or spikes .H which, under the Weight of the bales, tend to bite into the bales under load by a supportingtablell locatedimmediately thereunder. The drive for both conveyors may. include. a motor 2fl'which, through a .belt 11, drives a pulley.22, whose. shaft isigeared to suitable gear-reducing mechanism in a box 23 from which the desired motive power may be transmitted through a chain as to the shaft of the lower sprocket it of the primary conveyor and through a chain 25 to the shaft of the lower sprocket l8 of the secondary conveyor. For smooth and efiicient operation of the machine, it is necessary that the bales be in close contacting relationship and thus enter as a continuous succession of sheets into the hammer mill. Ac-

cordingly, the primary conveyor is driven at a slightly greater rate of speed than the secondary conveyor, any space left between two bales deposited on the first conveyor being eliminated before they reach the secondary slower moving ,conveyor which is constantly kept fully loaded with bales, as shown in Figure 1. No difiiculty is had in discharging the bales from the primary conveyor onto the secondary one by reason of the smooth supporting surface presented by the primary conveyor, the primary conveyor simply slipping under rthe bales as they drop therefrom onto the spiked supporting surface of the secondary conveyor.

As the bales are being fed into the intake of the hammer mill, they are kept from lateral displacement by guide partitions 26 upstanding at the sides of the secondary conveyor and secured to the frame 2? defining the intake of the hammer mill. In order that bales of various widths may be held in proper alignment for feeding into the intake of the hammer mill, the partitions 26 are secured by bolts 23 to the frame 2?, the shanks of the bolts passing through slots 29 in a flange portion 2M of the frame 21, wherefore, when the bolts are loosened, lateral adjustment of the partitions 2% is possible. The partitions 26 include flange portions 25a which are normally held by the bolts 28 in abutting relationship with the flange portion Z'ia of the frame 2?.

It is desirable to stop the sheets constituting the bales from falling into the hammer mill when running of the machine is stopped, as this makes for restarting of the rotor of the hammer mill under light load. Otherwise, difficulty might be had in restarting the rotor of the hammer mill, since the load or resistance imposed by sheets present therein is a heavy one. To this end, suitable stops for the sheets may be placed in their path when running of the hammer mill is to be stopped. As best shown in Figures 7' and 8, the

stops for the sheets are put into play by the operator from outside the partitions 2E. The sheetstopping mechanism shown in these figures includes a bell crank lever operating in a vertical [plane and comprising a weighted horizontal oper ating arm 38 and a vertical arm 3! pivotally secured to a bracket 32 on the outside of the partition 25. Fastened to the vertical arm 3! through a link 33 is a bell crank lever operating in a horizontal plane and comprising a transversely extending arm 3 3 and a longitudinally extending arm 35 entering into the intake of the hammer mill. The arms 34 and 35 are pivotally secured to a bracket 35 located on the outside of the corner defined by the partition 26 and its flange portion 26a, the arm 35 passing through a slot formed in the flange portion 26a. The inner end the sheets may be had by moving outwardly a weight 36 slidably supported on the arm 38, the

effect of which movement is to cause the blade 35a to move transversely inwardly, as indicated in dotted outline in Figure 8, into the path of the oncoming succession of sheets and thus to arrest their progress.

The bales are forced from the lower end of the secondary conveyor onto a shelf 31 constituting the bottom of the hammer mill intake. The top of the hammer mill intake is afforded by a plate 38 secured to a vertically adjustable beam 3.). Aside from the possible function of the plate 38 in bearing down upon and sealing, if desired, the tops of the bales, it serves as a breaker plate for the sheets or sheet fragments, its inner edge 38a being sharp and determining the size of stock particle or fragment that can be swept or carried freely past such edge into the hammer mill casing. By providing a proper clearance between the inner edge 38a and the rotor of the hammer mill it is possible to control the size of stock particles or fragments being carried into the casing so as to ensure smooth running action of the rotor. The amount of stock entering into the hammer mill is necessarily determined by the rate at which the sheets are being fed by the conveyors, but the plate 38 determines the extent to which the stock must be comminuted or disintegrated before it can escape past the inner edge 38a into the casing of the hammer mill wherein disintegration of the stock is completed to produce the desired kind of aqueous pulp suspension. The desired clearance between the inner edge 38a and the rotor of the hammer mill may be had by a vertical adjustment of the beam 39 to which the plate 38 is secured as by bolts 40. The adjusting means shown for this purpose includes, as best shown in Figures 2 and 4, a pair of worms on a worm shaft it, each worm of which meshes with a worm gear 42 on a vertical shaft 43 whose lower end portion 13a is in threaded engagement with a nut M secured to the upper face of the beam 39. The beam 39 is vertically slidable in suitable ways H1 in the frame 21. A suitable bracket 46 affording the necessary bearings for the worm shaft ll and the shaft 43 may be secured to the upper face of a girder 45, which, as best shown in Figure 4, forms part of the housing for the hammer mill. It is thus seen that by affixing a removable hand-wheel 4i, shown in dotted outline in Figure l, to an end of the worm shaft M and turning it, it is possible to effect a raising or lowering of the beam 38 and the desired adjustment of the breaker plate 38.

The hammer mill casing includes an arcuate section 48 equipped with a transversely ribbed lining 49 serving as the brushing plate against which the stock is disintegrated and abraded as it passes through the mill. Located at the front edge of the section 48 is shown a plate 50 which functions to supplement the action of the inner edge 38a of the plate 38 in that it determines the extent to which the stock must be disintegrated before it proceeds into the brushing zone of the hammer mill casing. The plate 38 may thus be considered as the primary breaker plate against which 7 the stock must be preliminarily disintegrated before it can enter intothe hammer mill casing; and the plate 58 constitutes a secondary breaker plate which ensures the desired disintegration of the stock before it proceeds into the brushing zone of the hammer mill casing. Once the stock has entered into the brushing zone of the hammer mill casing, it undergoes the brushing action of the hammers as they sweep past the ribs 'of the lining 49, the hammers either 0f the arrow at impinges, as shown in Figure 3, against the front faces of the sheets as they confront the rotor of the hammer mill. The water thus supplied to the front faces of the sheets completes the work of soaking and softening the sheets so that they may be reduced by the action of the hammer mill rotor into a pulp suspension. The water emanating from the spray pipe 9 in the direction of the arrow I) simply serves the function of a vehicle or carrier to promote a washing of the disintegrated or slushed pulp upwardly past the two breaker plates into the hammer mill casing. Inasmuch as most of the water is supplied to the machine by way of the spray pipe 9s, it is desirable that the volume of water delivered through this pipe be subject to easy control, as this means that the consistency of the pulp suspension delivered by the machine may be kept at a desired value that can be realized irrespective of the rate of feed of sheets by the conveyors. Accordingly, means are provided to vary the size of the spray openings in the pipe 94. As best shown in Figures 10 and 11, the spray pipe 9d comprises a perforated outer pipe within which is journalled for rotation an inner pipe 536 having perforations which may be brought in registry to a greater or less degree with the corresponding perforations in the pipe 35. Rotation of the inner pipe 9% to effect the desired valve action is realized by a shaft 9'? whose inner end portion 98 is a tongue element keyed into a corresponding slot at one end of the pipe 95. The shaft 91 is journalled for rotation in a bearing member 99 bolted to the end of the pipe 95 and passes out through the side wall 2 of the housing by way of a bearing member 166 suitably secured to such side wall. The outer end portion of the shaft 91 has aiiixed thereto a handle iii! which may be manipulated by the operator to 'effect the desired degree of registry of the openings in the pipes 95 and 96. The handle lili preferably has a pin H32 afiixed thereto and passing through an arcuate guide slot ina member I03 to which the handle may be secured by means of'a winged nut 04 in threaded engagement with that portion of the pin i812 projecting beyond the outer surface of the member H33. Accordin ly, when the handle iii! has been moved to a position consonant with the desired volumetric delivery of water through the spray pipe E i, it may be fixed in position until a change in the volumetric delivery of water through such spray pipe is desired. From the construction of the spray pipe 94 thus far described, it will be seen that one end of this spray pipe is supported by the shaft 91. The other end of the spray pipe is fastened to a coupling which couples such spray pipe to a dead-end pipe portion Hi6 passing through a journal Hi7 secured to the side wall of the housing 52 in the same way as the journal iii. A removable cap [93 serves to close off the pipe I 06, the cap being removed when clogging occurs in the spray pipe 84 so as to necessitate its cleaning.

The water delivered by way of the pipe 88 into the trough H accumulates as a pool or pocket in such trough. There is a tendency for chunks or undisintegrated portions of the sheets to accumulate just beyond the shelf 3?. These chunks tend to fall into the trough H and, under the soaking action of the water present therein, disintegrates so that the rotor of the hammer mill can sweep the resulting stock upwardly past the breaker plates into the hammer mill casing. The trough H also serves the function of a trap, re-

taming wire, tramp iron, or similar adventitious material that gets into the hammer mill and, un:

less removed, might cause undue wear or injury to the, hammers, discharge section, or other ham.- mer mill parts. in the trough ll may be removed by opening a door or cover I09 with which it is provided, as best shown in Figure 4.

The rotor of the hammer mill is constructed generally as described in-the patent to which reference has already been made, but there are features of novelty therein to which attention will be directed. As shown in Figure 12, the rotor comprises end plates l M equipped with trunnions HI which pass through suitable bearings H2 on each side of the hammer mill housing. One of the trunnions is shown provided with a key slot H3 for receiving the key of a pulley by which the rotor may be driven from a motor or other suitable source of power. Assembled in between the end plates iii of the rotor are a succession of arms 9, these arms being keyed to the rotor shaft H4, as best shown in Figure 4 Each two adjacent arms are, as best shown in Figure 4, arranged at right angles to each other and serve as means for supporting the hammer elements 3 of the rotor. The hammer elements, only a few of which are shown in Figure 12, are pivotally mounted on a rod i l5 which passes through the aligned arms near each outer edge of such arms, there being a hammer element between each such pair of aligned arms. There are hence four such rods H5 for the entire rotor. Each rod H5 enters partly into an opening formed in each end plate lit, the opening being clear through the end plate and being tapered at its extremity so that a tapered plug H6 may be fitted thereinto for preventing lateral movement of the rod H5 and the hammers mounted thereon. Access to the plug H6 for its removal may be had through an opening ill in the side wall 52 of the hammer mill housing, when it is desired to renew the hammers. The opening In, which is normally plugged, is in line with the circumference of the circle generated by the plug EH5, so that by bringing the plug H6 in alignment with the opening I H it is possible to remove quickly the plug M6, the rod H5, and the series of hammer elements mounted thereon. Located in between a plurality of arms 9, say, between groups or seven, are disks H8 which extend beyond the ends of the arms and which serve to keep the sheets of pulp as they are presented to the rotor from falling into the hammer mill casing. These disks are keyed to the shaft H4,

The undesirable accumulations as are the arms, and are looked as a solid assembly with the arms by a plurality of rods E E9 having threaded ends passing through the end plates HE! and secured thereto by nuts 29. Aside from the function of the disks H8 in keeping the sheets from falling into the hammer mill, they serve the function of gripping each sheet as it presents itself to the hammer mill rotor and feeding it past the breaker plates where disintegration occurs so that feeding of the stock into the hammer mill can ensue. each disk H8 has afiixed thereto a pointed or toothed element 12! which protrudes beyond the edge of the disks so that it can dig into the face of a sheet presented to the disks and carry it upwardly against the breaker plates. In this connection, it is to be observed that the hammer elements 3 project only slightly beyond the edges of the disks 5 i8 and that, as they strike the front sheet, tend to recede inwardly so as to permit 65 To thisend,

.vthe:pointed elements I2 I, to: grip .the front sheet andzcarryjitj.upwardly. against the'breaker plates. aOnce ithexhammeraelements:have moved out of contact-:withthe. front: sheet of the bales, they :1 ssagainsswing outwardly: beyond the edgesof the .disks I lfloto effect the idesireddisintegrating actionon-thechunks of. pulp near-the breaker plates .and the --.desiredabrushing:action on the. stock .thatahasentered into thehammer millcasing and isbeingicarried past the-ribbed lining is of the section 48.x The;.slushed stock is discharged through .therforaminous section so into a tank I22 from which it: may: be removed by a centrif .ugaltpump- I23 and'delivered to a Jordan, beater, ordirectly to the paper-making machinevat, if desired. r Apreferred arrangement ofhammers and disks .for =thehammer mill rotor is illustrated in Figure -13 aslae' development of the arrangement. It will .be .observed that :accordingto the arrangement .the-hammers 8- are staggered throughout the rotor periphery in such a Way as to ensure contact of the .hazmmers with -,substantially all the stock iaxiallyl of thezhammer mill ina :singlerevolution of'the rotor.

-- We claim&-

"1. The combination with a rotaryhammer mill rhaving anintake opening on one side into which .balescf pulp-sheets may be progressively fed and -.having discharge. openings: on its .opposite side, and means' for wetting down said bales .with --Water at said-intake opening, of a primary endless conveyor having a-smooth supporting surface on. which said bales may be placed, and a .secondary endless-'conveyorhaving a spiked supporting .surfa'cetonto which said bales are fed by said 'pri-marycconveyor. and which "discharges said bales into said intake opening, both said conveyors being arranged end to end and at an angle to the horizontal with the receiving end of the secondary conveyor slightly lower than the discharge end of the primary conveyor.

2. The combination with a rotary hammer mill having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed and having discharge openings on its opposite side, and means for wetting down said bales with water at said intake opening, of a primary endless conveyor having a smooth supporting surface on which said bales may be placed, a secondary endless conveyor having a spiked sup porting surface onto which said bales are fed by said primary conveyor and which discharges said bales into said intake opening, both said conveyors being arranged end to end and at an angle to the horizontal with the receiving end of the secondary conveyor slightly lower than the discharge end of the primary conveyor, and means for moving said primary conveyor at a rate of speed greater than that of the secondary conveyor.

3. The combination with a rotary hammer mill having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed and having discharge openings on opposite side,

and means for wetting said bales with water at said intake openingof a primary endless conveyor having a smooth upper surface on which said bales may be placed, guide rails at the sides of said conveyor converging toward the discharge end of said conveyor, a secondary endless conveyor having a spiked supporting surface onto which said bales are fed by said primary conveyor and which discharges said bales into said intake opening, partitions at the sides of said secondary conveyor for guiding said bales in alignment into said intake opening, .-both said conveyors being arranged end to end and at an angle to the horizontal with the receiving end .of the secondary-conveyor slightly lower than.

the discharge end of the primary conveyor, and means for moving said primary conveyor :at a rate of speed greater than that of the secondary conveyor.

4. The combination with a rotary hammer mill having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheetsmay. be progressively fed and. having discharge openings'on its opposite side, and means for wetting down said bales with water at intake opening, of a primary endless conveyor having a smooth upper surface on which said bales may be placed, a secondary endless conveyor hating a spiked supporting surface onto which said bales are fed by said primary conveyor and which discharges said bales into said intake opening, partitions at the sides of said secondary conveyor for guiding said bales in alignment into said intake opening, both said conveyors being arranged end to end and, at an angle to the horizontal with the receiving end of the secondary conveyor slightly lower than the "discharge end of the primary conveyor, means for moving said primary conveyor at.a

rate of speed greaterthan thatof the secondary conveyor, and means manually operative :from outside said partitions forholding. back :the pulp sheets at said intake openingrupon stoppage of said conveyors.

5. The combination with a rotaryv hammer mill equipped with a hammer-carrying rotor and a casing for-said rotorhaving an intake-opening on onesicleinto which balesof: pulp sheets may be progressively fed in upstanding relationshipziand having discharge openings on its opposite side, of a primary breaker plate defining the top of said intake opening and projecting toward the the rotor, a secondary breaker plate spaced beyond said primary one and projecting toward the rotor, and water-spraying means located between said plates and capable of delivering a water spray onto said rotor.

6. The combination witha rotary hammer mill equipped with a hammer-carrying rotor and a casing for said rotor having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed in upstanding relationship and having discharge openings on its opposite side, of a shelf defining the bottom of said intake opening on which said bales are supported, water-spraying means located in said casing inwardly beyond and below said shelf and capable of delivering a water spray against the front face of said bales, a trough located inwardly beyond and below said water-spraying means, and means for delivering water into said trough.

7. The combination with a rotary hammer mill equipped with a hammer-carrying rotor and a casing for said rotor having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed in upstanding relationship and having discharge openings on its opposite side, of a shelf defining the bottom of said intake opening on which said bales are supported, water-spraying means located in said casing inwardly beyond and below said shelf and capable of delivering a water spray against the front face of said bales, said water-spraying means comprising a perforated outer tube and a perforated inner tube, and means on the outside of said casing for causing the rotation of said inner tube to bring its perforations into greater or less registry with the perforations in said outer tube.

8. A rotory hammer mill equipped with a hammer-carrying rotor and a casing for said rotor having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed and having discharge openings on its opposite side, said rotor comprising end plates, a succession of arms, a rod passing through said arms, hammer elements pivotally mounted on said rod in between said arms, said rod entering part way into openings formed through said end plates, plugs fitted into said end-plate openings and holding said rod and the hammer elements mounted thereon against end movement, each side of said casing having an opening therethrough in alignment with the circumference of the circle generated by said rod upon the rotation of said rotor, and a removable closure for said last-named opening.

9. A rotary hammer mill equipped with a hammer-carrying rotor and a casing for said rotor having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed in upstanding relationship and having discharge openings on its opposite side, said rotor comprising a succession of arms, a rod passing through said arms, hammer elements pivotally mounted on said rod in between said arms, a series of disks in between groups of said arms and hammers, said hammers projecting only slightly beyond the edges of said disks, and

pointed elements projecting beyond the edges of said disks and being adapted to grip the sheets presented to said rotorso as to carry them into the casing.

10. A rotary hammer mill equipped with a hammer-carrying rotor and a sectional casing for said rotor having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed and having discharge openings hammer-carrying rotor and a sectional casing for said rotor having an intake opening on one side into which bales of pulp sheets may be progressively fed and having discharge openings on its opposite side, said sectional casing comprising a top brushing plate, a foraminous discharge plate furnishing said discharge openings and arranged adjacent to said brushing plate, ledges projecting inwardly from the side walls of said casing and on which both said plates are supported, means for clamping said plates in position against said ledges, housing above said top plate and in back of said discharge plate, means operative outside of said housing for actuating said clamping means into clamping and non-clamping positions, openings through said housing through which said plates may be removed, and removable closures for said last-named openings.

WILLIAM 'I'. DOYLE. THOMAS J. STURTEVANT. LAURANCE H. STUR'I'EVANT.

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