US1998288A - Lock, latch, and fastener - Google Patents

Description

April 16, 1935. ROBERTS 1,998,288

LOCK, LATCH, AND FASTENER Filed Dec. 12, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1. 7

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April 16, 1935. R. ROBERTS 1,998,288

LOCK, LATCH, AND FASTENER Filed Dec. 12, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 8 Fig. 7.

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Patented Apr. 16, 1935 UNITED! STATES LOCK, LATCH, AND FASTENER Reginald Roberts, London, England Application December 12, 1933, Serial No. 701,947 In New Zealand December 17, 1932 1 14 Claims.

1 This invention concerns improvements in looks, latches, and fasteners, and although the invention is applicable to looks, latches, and fasteners, for many purposes and of many kinds, e. g. tumbler locks and the like, night latches, control locks for doors and windows and the like, switches,

against rotation relative to its housing except 1 when the key has been inserted in the cylinder,

and in which the latch bolt is operable from the inside of the door by a knob.

- Usually such a latch is provided on the inside of the door with a'safety catch which can be operated to prevent movement of the latch bolteither to its locking position or from such position. With a latch of this kind hitherto it has been possible for an intruder to break the glass in a dooror to make a hole in the door and to pass his hand through the latter, to release the safety catch (if necessary) and to operate the said knob and withdraw the latch bolt from the staple on the door jamb and so free'the door for opening.

In such latches the cylinder into which the lock key is inserted or the said knob has no positive connection with thelatch bolt and although either will, on being suitably operated, draw the latch bolt into the latch casing, neither the cyl inder nor the knob can prevent the latch bolt being withdrawn from the co-operating staple, as for example by the insertion of a blade of steel between the door and door jainb to press back the latch bolt.

It is one object of this invention to provide an improved form of lock, latch, or fastener,

while a further object of this invention is to pro-- vide a latch which can be locked if desired in such a manner as to be openable only by a pre-,

determined key. A still further object of this invention is to provide a latch for doors or the like which can be locked irom the inside of the door and/or from the outside thereof so as to be releasable only by a predetermined key from the side of the door at which the latch was locked.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood'and readily carried into practice, I have appended hereto two sheets of drawings, illustrating the same, in which:

Figure l is an elevation of a night latch with 5 the back plate removed,

Figure 2is an inside elevation of the back plate showing a latch control plate,

Figure 3 is an end view of the parts shown in Figure 2, r g Figure 4 is a part cross sectional view of the thumb and finger latch control for the latch shown in'Figure 1, V Figure 5 is an end View of the same part;

Figure 6 is a part cross section of an outside cylinder tumbler lock for use with the .night latch shown in Figure 1,

Figure '7 is an end view of the same, Figure 8 shows an alternative locking bar, and Figure 9 is a part sectional plan of the cylinder tumbler lock and the night latch as fitted to a door;

The latch bolt (Figure 1) has two guide rods 2130 which is-secured at the inner ends a one piece pressureplateB. The guide rods v2 are loaded by springs i pressing against a keeper plate 5 held in position by lugs 6 attached to a housing 1.

A snap catch 8 of the usual type and having knob 8A, Figure 9, is provided with a lug 9 to engage against a lug Ill on latch bolt I to hold the latter in a withdrawn or in a locked position as desired. v

A thumb and finger latch control knob vl l (Figures 4, 9 and 10) is secured to a control plate,

12 and has lugs I3, which are adapted to engage with ears or extension pieces I i (Figures 1 and 9) on plate This enables the latch bolt l to be withdrawn in the usual manner by turningthe knob ll in either direction. ,r

A'cover plate 15 (Figures 2, '3 and 9) is securedto' the latch housing "I by. a screw IGA passing through a-hole i 6 andscrewing into an extended boss I! attached to housing 1 in the. usual manner. r

A control plate I8 is attached to the cover plate l5 by a sleeve. iii to which it is riveted and this plate l8 is operable from a tumblerlock to be, described. g

When the cover plate 15 is in position lugs 20' on the plate I8 engage with extension'pieces MA on the plate or member 3.

The knob ll (Figures 4 and 9) is fitted with a cylinder 2! which has an oval collar'2 2'at one} end and is fitted with a locking bar 2 3 at the opposite end, which bar is held, in position by a keeper'plate 24, and screws 25. Between the keep plate 24 and control plate I2'is fitteda com- A to |2A in control plate |2 and has a sliding fit in the same.

The knob is formed so as to take a cylinder or part 2| which is a sliding fit therein, and the knob has an oval recess in the outer end to take a collar 22 on the cylinder 2! The cylinder 2! and knob I when both are in the position shown in Figure 4, are bored and fitted with two tumblers each in two parts respectively marked 21 and 21A, 28 and 28A and springs 23. Any predetermined number of tumblers may be used.

The cylinder 2| and collar 22 have a keyway- 3| cut somewhat as shown in Figure 5 V Y The tumbler lock 3! shown in Figures 6, 7 and 9 comprises a housing 3|A provided with a circular flange 32 housed in adistance piece 33 1 adapted for mounting on a door. Eccentr-ically in the housing is mounted a cylinder 34, which has a circular collar 35 at the outer end and is fitted with a locking bar 36 at the other end, which bar is held in position by a keep plate 3-1 and screws 38. The bards consists of a T headed bolt 35A screwed into a square sectioned bar 36 and provided with a lock nut 363 for locking the bolt and bar in proper adjustment to suit the particular thickness of the door to which the device is fitted. Alternatively the bar 36 may be replaced by a one piece bar 350 (Figure 8) made a long enough to allow or" it being cut to a length to suit the thickness of the door.

When the housing 3|A and cylinder 34 are in the position as shown in Figure 6 they are bored and fitted with any predetermined number of tumblers 39 and necessary springs 49. These are held in position by a retaining cover plate 4| Figure 9 is as follows:-

which is recessed into flange 32 at one end of the housing and secured at the other end to the latter by a screw 52. p

The cylinder 34 and collar 35' have a keyway 45 "somewhat as shown in Figure '7.

The lock latch, and a keeper (Figure 9) are fitted to a door 5| and door jamb 5|A as shown in Figure 9 while the latch housing has the addition of a right angled flange 44 which is also screwed The tumbler lock 3| is held in position in the door by screws 45 passing through the door and screwing into lugs t5 and tightening against a plate 4-! through which the screws also pass. compression spring 48 is fitted between the sleeve I9 and keeper plate 31 and the length of the locking bar '35 is determined and'adjusted before the latch housing is screwed in place;

The operation of a 'latch'such as is shown in With the locking bars 23 and 36 in the positions shown in full lines 'at Figure 9 the night latch I is free to function substantially in theway normal for latches, the latch bolt being capable of retraction by either the knob I or by a key rotating the locking bar 36 and the'co-ntrolplate' l8. The latch bolt can be locked in a retracted position or in engagement with the staple 49 by means 3 of the catch BA. Also the door can be pushedor-pulled to and is self-latching in the axially inwards against the pressure of spring 48, after which he holds the cylinder in its innermost position (in which flange 35 abuts housing 32) and withdraws his key thus enabling tumblers 39 to lock the cylinder in the inner position in which locking bar 35 occupies the dotted position shown in Figure 9 and positively prevents the retraction of the latch bolt. The latch bolt can now be operated only from the outside of the door and then only by freeing the cylinder 34 by the proper key and allowing the cylinder to return to its outer position after which it can be turned by the key to retract the latch bolt from the staple 49. Until the cylinder has returned to its outer position, operation of knob II will not actuate the latch bolt.

The latch bolt can be positively locked from the inside of thedoor by pressing (without a key) the cylinder or part 2| inwardly relative to the knob H and so causing the locking bar 23 to move into the dotted position shown in Figure 9 to prevent the withdrawal of the latch bolt, the locking bar being secured in this position by the tumblers 21A, 28A, which engage in the cylinder or part 2| with a snap action. To release the cylinder or part 2| for returning to its normal position by the spring 26 the tip of the key for the tumbler lock cylinder 34 is inserted into the keyway 3| to disengage tumblers 21A, 28A from the cylinder or part 2|. When the latch bolt is locked by bar 23 from the inside of the door the latter cannot be opened from the outside thereof even by inserting the proper key in the cylinder 34 or by inserting the hand through the door to turn the knob. I

It is clear of course-that the locking bars 23, 36 also serve to transmit rotary movement respectively from the cylinders 2| and 34 to the plates l2 and 8 for withdrawing the catch when desired.

The snap cylinder 25 and the locking bar 23 and parts connected therewith, possibly slightly modified, could readily and advantageously be applied to fasteners and ignition switches for motor vehicles and such a switch lock could be 0perable by the key provided for opening the car doors which could be provided if desired with double or snap or such locking latches or looks according to this invention.

, It will be understood that should the door shown in Figure 9 blow toa closed position it can be opened from the inside as hitherto without a key.

A latch according to this invention has all the advantages of the known latches plus the double or positive locking features explained above.

The inside double or positive locking device (with which looks, latches or fasteners need not always be fitted) is especially devised to prevent a person breaking a hole through a door and opening the latter by inserting a hand therethrough, i. e. to prevent the door being opened from the inside without the proper key.

A latch as shown in the annexed drawings can be withdrawn by a quarter of a revolution of either the knob H or the cylinder 34.

The plate 3 may have the lugs 58 which can be engaged respectively by the locking bars 23 and 36 when these are in their inner positions to retain the latch bolt in the retracted position so that the members 23 and 24 can either lock positively the bolt in its projecting position or in its withdrawn position. I

If desired the knob H and element 2| could have a full sequence of tumblers similar to the cylinder 34 and it's'housing 3|, and this is in some instances advantageous and facilitates the key being withdrawn from the element 2 i.

It will readily be appreciated that the form of a lock or latch or fastening according to this invention may be varied to suit different doors and circumstances without departing from the scope of this invention as set forth in the claims.

What'I claim is:- 1

l. A fastener including a latch bolt, a rotary element for retracting said latch bolt, means for locking said element against rotation, said means being releasable by a key to enable saidelement to be rotatedto retract said latch bolt, said element being movable endwise parallel to the axis of rotation of said element to efifect locking of said latch bolt against movement and means for locking said element in the endwise displaced position in which it effects locking of the latch bolt, said means being releasable by a key.

2. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the door, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, means for locking said cylinderagainst rotation relative to said housing, said means being releasable by a key, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking member associated with said axially movable member, said locking member in one position preventing retraction of said bolt, and means for locking said axially movable member in the position in which the said locking member prevents retraction of the bolt, said means being releasable by a key.

3. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the .door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking member associated with said axially movable member, means, releasable by a key, for locking said locking member in a position preventing retraction of said bolt, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, means for locking said cylinder against rotation relative to said housing, said means being releasable by a key, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking member associated with said cylinder, said locking member in one position preventing retraction of said bolt, and means for locking said cylinder in this position, said means being operable by the key provided for freeing said cylinder for rotation.

4. A door look as claimed in claim 3, including spring means for moving said bolt locking members automatically out of the bolt locking position when said members are released.

5. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking bar associated with said axially movable member, means for adjusting the length of said locking bar, said locking bar in one position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, means for locking said axially movable. member in this position, said means being releasable by a key, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, means for locking said cylinder against rotation relative to said housing, said means being releasable by a key, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, means for adjusting the length of said locking bar, said locking bar in one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, and means for locking said cylinder inthis position, said means being operable by the key provided for freeing saidcylinder for rotation;

6. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting saidlock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking bar associated with said axially movable member, said locking bar in one position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, .means for locking said axially movable member in this position, said means being releasable by a key, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, means for locking said cylinder against rotation relative to said housing, said means being releas able by a key, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylindensaid locking bar in one position of said cylinderpreventing retraction of said lock bolt, meansfor locking said cylinder in this position, said means being operable by the key provided for freeing said cylinder for rotation, a rotatable control plate for each of said locking bars, each control plate being rotatable with its locking bar but said bar being slidable endwise relative to said plate, a pressure plate associated with the lock bolt, said pressure platebeing engageable by either of said control plates to operate said bolt.

'7. Afastener including a latch bolt, a rotary element for retracting said latch bolt, a rotary control plate for said rotary element, part of said element being movable endwise parallel to the axisof rotation of said elementto effect locking of said latch'bolt against movementsaid control plate being rotatable with said part which is slidablexendwise relative to said plate, a pressure plate associated with the latch bolt, said pressure plate being engageable by said control plate to operate said bolt, and means for locking said part in the endwise displaced position in which it effects locking of thelatch bolt, said means being releasable by a key.

8. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable mem ber associated with said knob, a locking bar associated with said axially movable member, said locking bar in one position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members for locking said axially movable member in this position, said tumbler members being releasable by a key, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, said locking bar in one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members in said housing for locking saidicylinder either in a position in which it prevents retraction of the bolt or separately in a position in which the bolt can be. retracted, and said tumbler members being releasable, for permitting movement of the cylinder relativeto the housing, and from either positiornby the insertion of a key in said cylinder.

9. A door lock including a lock bolt, '2. rotatable knob adapted for retractingsaid lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking bar associated with said axially movable member, said locking bar in one'position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members for locking said axially movable member in this position, said axially movable member having a keyway, and said tumbler members being releasable by the insertion of a key in said keyway, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, said locking bar in one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members in said housing for locking said cylinder either in a position in which it prevents retraction of the bolt or separately in a position in which the bolt can be retracted, said cylinder having a keyway, and said tumbler members being releasable, for permitting movement of the cylinder relative to the housing, and from either position by the insertion of said key in said keyway.

10. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted 'for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, said movable member being slidable against the action of a spring with a snap action into a locked position, means for locking said axially movable member in this position, a locking member associated with said axially movable member, said locking member preventing retraction of said bolt when the axially movable member is in the locked position, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, means for locking said cylinder against rotation relative to said housing, said means being releasable by a key, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking member associated with said cylinder, said locking member in one position preventing retraction of said bolt, and means'releasable by the said key, for locking said cylinder in the position in which the locking bar prevents, the retraction of the bolt.

11. A door lock including a' lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable mem er associated "with said knob, a locking bar associated with said axially movable member, said locking bar in one position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members for locking said axially movable member in the position in which the looking bar prevents retraction of the bolt, said tumbler members being releasable by a key and comprising cylindrical spring pressed pin tumblers, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, said locking bar in one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members in saidhousing for'locking said cylinder either in a position in which the looking bar prevents the retraction of the bolt or separately in a position in which the bolt can be retracted, said housing and said cylinder having alignable holes, spring pressed pin tumblers in said holes, a cover plate on said housing for closing the open outer ends of said holes, and said tumbler members being releasable, for permitting movement of the cylinder relative to the housing, and from either position, by the insertion of 'a key in said cylinder.

12. .A door lock including 'a lock bolt, a rotat able .knob adapted for retracting .said lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially mov able member associated with said knob, a looking bar associated with said axially movable member, said locking bar in one position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members for locking said axially movable member in the position in which said locking bar prevents retraction of the bolt, said tumbler members being releasable by a key, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, said locking bar in one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members in said housing for locking said cylinder either in a position in which the bolt cannot be retracted or separately in a position in which the bolt can be retracted, said tumbler members being releasable, for permitting movement of the cylinder relative to the hous ing, and from either position, by the insertion of a key in said cylinder, a rotatable control plate for each of said locking bars, each control plate being rotatable with its locking bar but said bar being slidable endwise relative to said plate, a pressure plate associated with the lock bolt, said pressure plate being engageable by either of said control plates to operate said bolt.

13. A door lock including a lock bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside, of the door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking bar associated with axially movable member,

said locking bar in one position of the axially f movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members for locking said axially movable member in the position in which said locking bar prevents'retraction of the bolt, said tumbler members being releasable by a key, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which. said cylinder is mounted, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, said locking bar in one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members in said housing for locking said cylinder either in a position to pre vent retraction of the bolt or separately in a position in which the bolt can be retracted, said tumbler members being releasable, for permitting movement of the cylinder relative to the housing, and from either position, by the insertion of a key in said cylinder, either of said locking bars being movable to lock said bolt and the bolt only i being unlocked for operation by releasing the tumbler members associated with the locking bar moved originally to lock the bolt.

14. A door lock including a lock'bolt, a rotatable knob adapted for retracting said lock bolt from the inside of the door, an axially movable member associated with said knob, a locking bar associated with said axially movable member,

said locking bar in one position of the axially movable member preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumbler members for locking. said axially movable member in the position to prevent retraction of the bolt, said tumbler members being releasable by a key, a rotatable cylinder adapted for retracting said .bolt from the outside of the door, a housing in which said cylinder is mounted, said cylinder being movable axially, a locking bar associated with said cylinder, said locking barLin one position of said cylinder preventing retraction of said lock bolt, tumblerj members in said housing for looking said cylinder either in a position in which said locking bar prevents retraction of the bolt or separately in a position in which the bolt can be retracted, said tumbler members being releasable, for permitting movement of the cylinder relative to the housing, and from either position, by the insertion of a key in said cylinder, a rotatable control plate for each of said locking bars, each control.

10 plate being rotatable with its looking bar but said said locking bars being movable to prevent retraction of said bolt and the bolt only being unlocked foroperation by releasing the tumbler members associated with the locking bar moved originally to'lock the bolt.

REGINALD ROBERTS.

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